EP3828002B1 - Document de valeurs - Google Patents

Document de valeurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3828002B1
EP3828002B1 EP21152263.6A EP21152263A EP3828002B1 EP 3828002 B1 EP3828002 B1 EP 3828002B1 EP 21152263 A EP21152263 A EP 21152263A EP 3828002 B1 EP3828002 B1 EP 3828002B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
document
value according
film
embossed
value
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Active
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EP21152263.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3828002A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Heim
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a document of value, such as a bank note, a cheque, a credit or other payment card, an identity card or the like, which has a front and a back, shows a representation recognizable with the naked eye in a plan view at least from the front, in has certain dimensions when viewed from above and has a substrate body which has the specified dimensions when viewed from above and is made up of a first and a second transparent film which also have the specified dimensions when viewed from above and which are connected to one another by an intermediate layer, so that Inner sides of the foils point towards one another and outer sides of the foils point away from the intermediate layer, with the outer side of the first foil pointing towards the front and the outer side of the second foil pointing towards the back, the representation recognizable from the front being produced by a first embossed structure which is metallized at least in sections that on the inside is arranged on the first film and has a varying profile and/or metallization laterally, ie transversely to the plan view direction, with the embossed structure
  • foil-based security features e.g. B. holograms, optically variable elements and / or transparent windows can be used. They are produced on foil and later applied to the banknote paper. Foil elements give banknotes additional protection against counterfeiting, but are difficult in terms of registering with the printed image and the watermark. There is also the risk that foil elements will become detached when a banknote is in circulation.
  • WO 2016/096095 A1 a generic document of value is known, which is made up entirely of a film body.
  • the film body consists of two films that are connected to each other via an intermediate layer.
  • the foils each have sub-wavelength structures on the sides facing the intermediate layer. All optical views presented by the document of value are generated by these sub-wavelength structures. Other image-forming elements are deliberately excluded.
  • DE 10 2015 010744 A1 discloses a document of value with a security element that is applied or glued to a carrier as a continuous strip or thread, patch or label.
  • WO 2011/107782 A1 discloses a device (10) having an array of microfocusing elements and an array of micropixels and relative positions such that the array of microfocusing elements cooperates with the array of micropixels to produce an enlarged version of the micropixels due to the moiré effect.
  • Banknotes with different substrates currently exist. Paper, polymer and mixed forms of paper and polymer in the form of so-called hybrid banknotes are known. There are special process steps for each banknote type required to apply security elements to the banknote paper or to create them when printing the banknotes on the banknote paper. In the case of polymer banknotes, color retention during circulation is a problem.
  • banknotes i. H. paper or film-based documents of value
  • document of value is therefore understood here to mean that it includes sheet-like documents of value, such as banknotes, checks, etc., as well as comparatively rigid documents of value, e.g. B. Security, ID or payment cards.
  • the object of the invention is to create a document of value in which foil-based security elements can be easily combined with security elements that are generated by displaying images etc.
  • a further object on which the invention is based is to create a document of value that is particularly durable in circulation.
  • the invention provides a document of value that consists entirely of a film body.
  • the document of value has specific dimensions in plan view.
  • the foil body has the same dimensions in plan view.
  • a depiction can be seen from the front.
  • This is produced by a first embossed structure that is metallized at least in sections.
  • the embossed structure has a varying profiling and/or metallization transverse to the top view direction.
  • the embossed structure has microlenses and/or micromirrors.
  • the substrate body is made up of at least one transparent film and bears the first embossed structure on the the front of the film facing the front.
  • a second, at least partially metallized, embossed structure is formed on a rear side of the film facing the rear side. At least one of the metalized embossed structures is covered with a leveling top layer.
  • the embossed structure has microlenses, as are known for so-called moiré magnifiers.
  • the embossing structure can be divided into parts, e.g. H. be formed in sections as a sub-wavelength structure and have a periodicity of 150 nm to 500 nm or be formed aperiodically with structure widths of 150 nm to 500 nm.
  • At least one opaque section is provided between the first and the second embossed structure. This can have a laterally structured opacity.
  • the substrate body is also made up of a second transparent film, which also has the specified dimensions when viewed from above.
  • the two films are connected to one another via an intermediate layer, so that the inner sides of the films face each other and the outer sides of the films point away from the intermediate layer.
  • the outside of the first film points to the front side and the outside of the second film points to the back side of the substrate body.
  • the first metalized embossing structure is arranged on the inside of the first film and has microlenses or micromirrors.
  • the document of value shows a further representation, recognizable with the naked eye, in a plan view from the back.
  • This is produced by a second, at least partially metallized embossed structure, which is arranged on the inside or outside of the second film.
  • This second embossed structure also has a laterally varying profile and/or metallization, at least in sections.
  • the first and the second embossed structure form a window in opposite areas, in which the representation through the first embossed structure is supplemented with the further representation through the second embossed structure in a see-through view to form a motif.
  • the first and second embossed structure can optionally have an asymmetrical profile in the area of the window and can produce a motif in reflection that disappears when viewed through.
  • the first embossed structure can be formed at least in one area as a microstructure with a period of 500 nm to 2 ⁇ m.
  • B. represents a hologram or an image with tilting or motion effect.
  • the invention uses banknotes that are surface-structured over their entire surface and show an observer a representation that is produced by embossed structures.
  • the conventional printed image of a document of value for example a banknote, is reproduced by the embossed structure with the lateral variation of profile/periodicity.
  • the embossed structures offer the representation not only in specular reflection, but z. B. in a higher diffraction order, for example the first or further diffraction orders They are designed in such a way that the display can be seen over a wide range of viewing angles, which is almost or completely the same as that of a conventional printed image.
  • the conventional printing process in the production of banknotes is superfluous.
  • the embossing structure is covered in the first variant and is therefore robust against environmental influences.
  • it is inside the substrate body.
  • all desired security features such as holograms, micromirrors, etc. can be produced in a single embossing step.
  • top view/see-through effects can be implemented in windows in a simple manner. The production of the document of value is thus significantly simplified.
  • the appearance of the first diffraction order increases counterfeit security compared to conventional banknotes.
  • the depiction is produced by the embossed structure, which is arranged on the film lying at the top in the viewing direction and there on the inside.
  • the intermediate layer In order to avoid an effect from the film lying below in the viewing direction, it is preferable for the intermediate layer to be opaque at least in sections. In the sections provided with an opaque intermediate layer, the representation is then brought about exclusively by the embossed structure on the film lying at the top in the viewing direction. It is of course possible to laterally structure the intermediate layer with regard to its opacity, for example in order to create a deliberate interaction between top view and see-through effects.
  • both films are provided on their insides with metalized embossed structures with microlenses and/or micromirrors, i. H.
  • the document of value also shows, in a plan view from the back, a further representation that can be seen with the naked eye, which is produced by a second, at least partially metallized embossed structure, which is arranged on the inside of the second film and which is at least partially as a sub-wavelength structure with laterally varying profiling and/or periodicity is formed.
  • the outside of the second film forming the back and the back of the intermediate layer pointing to the second side is preferably free of imprints that contribute to the wide presentation.
  • a document of value designed in this way then produces a representation exclusively through the embossed structure both on the front and on the back.
  • a document of value designed in this way also no longer requires a printing process during production.
  • the first and second embossed structures form a window in opposite areas.
  • the metallization of the embossed structures is relevant for this window. No metallization is preferably provided in the window area. This can be achieved by not applying the metallization in the window area from the start or by subsequently removing the metallization in the window area, for example by removing it with a laser or by using a so-called washing ink. Both means are known to the person skilled in the art from the prior art.
  • the intermediate layer and/or cover layer can consist of a dielectric with which the insides of the foils are laminated. It is also possible to design the value document as a so-called hybrid value document, for example as a hybrid banknote, if the intermediate layer comprises banknote paper. A banknote paper that has a watermark is particularly preferred here, with the embossed structures forming a window in the area above the watermark. This allows the watermark to be visible through the window.
  • a colored effect of the representation can be achieved in that there is a colored layer on the film or films or the film is/are colored.
  • the intermediate layer can be colored.
  • Banknotes are examples of value documents that are individualized. They have a serial number.
  • this serial number can be generated particularly easily by, for example, omitting the metallization in a pattern or subsequently removing it, so that the value document is individualized in the process. It is therefore preferred that the metallization is omitted or removed in a pattern that individualizes the document of value, in particular in a pattern that represents a serial number.
  • metallization means a coating that consists of metal or that contains metal. Also is one Layer structure possible, consisting of a composite layer that has metal inclusions. However, it can also consist of a multi-layer structure in which one or more layers are metallic.
  • direct exposure techniques e.g. B. with the help of a laser writer in question.
  • the original of the embossed structure is written into a substrate coated with photoresist by direct exposure using a laser writer, and the exposed portion of the photoresist is then removed.
  • More complex methods for original production such as electron beam or "Focused Ion Beam" exposure methods allow a particularly fine design of the embossing structure.
  • the original exposed in this way can then be galvanically shaped and thus an embossing stamp can be produced as a master, with which an embossing cylinder for embossing a film web is produced.
  • the structure is replicated via an embossing process, e.g. in UV varnish on foil or directly (e.g. by hot embossing into the surface of the foil).
  • a nanoimprint method can be used.
  • embossed foil surface e.g. B. with a reflective layer and / or a color effect effecting structure, z. B. an interference layer structure, and / or a color layer, z. B. a color fix coating.
  • Electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering or thermal vaporization under vacuum are among the options for this.
  • the film is laminated together with the intermediate layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a banknote 1 which is surface-structured over its entire surface with an embossing structure and is made up of a substrate body 2 which has a height H and a width B.
  • the substrate body 2 is provided on inner surfaces with an embossed structure, which z. B. provides micro-mirrors and/or micro-lenses at least in sections.
  • the embossing structures are formed on both sides of the same film. Both will be based on the sectional views of the Figures 2 to 5 , which show different embodiments for the embossing structure, explained in more detail.
  • Banknote 1 which is an example of a document of value, presents a viewer from the front with the 1 is shown, a representation 3 ready, as is usual for banknotes.
  • the representation 3 can include, for example, a graphically designed background 4, a moiré image 5, a hologram 6, a value indication 7 and a serial number 8. It is also possible to provide a window 19 in which the bank note is partially transparent. For example, see-through effects can be present in the window 19 ie a motif visible on the front complements a motif visible on the back when viewed through to form a further motif.
  • the substrate body 2 with the height H and the width B is made up of at least one film of the same dimensions as the sectional views of FIG Figures 2 to 4 , which show embodiments for the banknote 1, can be seen in more detail.
  • the sectional views of Figures 2 to 4 differ with regard to the design of the banknotes. What they have in common is that an embossing structure is provided which, in some variants, includes microlenses.
  • the substrate body comprises two foils, in the embodiment of FIG figure 5 a slide.
  • the substrate body 2 comprises a first film 11, the outward-facing surface of which forms the front side 9, and a second film 12, the outside of which forms the rear side 10.
  • a dielectric 13 is located as an intermediate layer between the first film 11 and the second film 12.
  • a first embossed structure 14 is formed on the inside of the first film 11 and a second embossed structure 15 is formed on the inside of the second film 12.
  • the embossed structures are formed with a laterally varying structure and/or metallization. In detail, depending on the embodiment, they include a different selection of microlenses 16 which interact with a microimage structure 18 arranged in an intermediate layer 17 and, for example, form a known moiré magnifier in order to generate the moiré image 5 . Furthermore, a hologram structure or other microstructure 24 can be provided in the embossed structure 14 . It is also possible to have a Form mirror structure 20, which consists of differently inclined micro-mirrors and thus creates a tilting effect.
  • the embossed structures can also have sub-wavelength structures 21 with a laterally varying profile and/or laterally varying periodicity. Details for the implementation of the sub-wavelength structure can be found in the references already mentioned: DE 102011115589 A1 , WO 2012/156049 A1 , WO 2014/023415 A1 , DE 102009012300 A1 , Y Yu, L Wen, S Song, and Q Chen, "Transmissive/Reflective Structural Color Filters: Theory and Applications," Journal of Nanomaterials, vol. 2014, Article ID 212637, 17 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/212637 and H. Lochbihler, "Colored images generated by metallic subwavelength gratings," Opt. Express 17, 12189-12196 (2009 ).
  • the structure of the microstructures 24 differs further from the sub-wavelength structures 20, which have structure widths in the range of the light wavelength.
  • the microstructures 24 are significantly longer (from 0.6 microns) and generate z. B. diffractive effects, while the sub-wavelength structures cause interference effects of the light waves.
  • embossing structures can be selected depending on the embodiment and the desired design for the bank note 1 .
  • the in 2 made assignment to the slides 11 and 12 purely as an example.
  • embossed structures For many embossed structures, it is necessary for the embossed structures to be metalized in order to produce an effect or an image. In the area of the window 19, this metallization has been removed again after application or not present from the start. The distance can B. using a laser or using a wash color. The same applies to an individualization of the banknote 1 with the serial number 8, which is also generated by an individual removal of the metallization.
  • the first embossed structure 14 on the inside of the first film 11 is visible when viewed from the front 9 and forms the representation 3, ie z. B. both the background 4, and the image 5 and the indication of value 7 - either alone or in conjunction with conventional print images on the outside of the film.
  • the hologram 6 is z. B. generated by an area of the embossed structure, which has a suitable periodicity. As is known, holograms are formed by grating areas or microstructures with periods of 0.6 to 2 ⁇ m.
  • the first and second films 11 and 12 are transparent. They are preferably each a plastic film.
  • the foils 11 and 12 are embossed with the embossed structures 14 and 16 and then provided with the metallization, for example by a vapor deposition process.
  • the two foils are then connected to one another via the intermediate layer that forms the dielectric 13, for example by lamination.
  • the dielectric 13 can preferably be a polymer.
  • the outer surfaces of the foils 11, 12 are provided with a matting, for example in the form of a coating, in embodiments that are not shown in detail. which creates a slightly scattering surface.
  • the intermediate layer 17 opaque. This shows 3 .
  • the opacity of the material between the embossed structures 14 and 15 ensures that when the front side 9 is viewed, only the embossed structure 14 contributes to the representation, and when the rear side 10 is viewed, only the embossed structure 15.
  • the opacity can be achieved, for example, by an opaque intermediate layer 17, preferably an opaque white or a colored adhesive layer or laminating layer.
  • the opaque layer 17 can be provided with a locally varying opacity.
  • the opaque layer 17 is of course interrupted in this area by a transparent window 23, as shown in FIG 4 shows.
  • figure 5 shows an example, which is not part of this invention, with only one film 11, which is provided with the embossed structures 14, 15 on both sides. At least one of the embossed structures is covered with a cover layer 22, which levels the upper side. Also shows the example of figure 5 that the embossing structure can have a gap on one of the two sides or on both sides by no embossing.
  • a cover with an equalizing top layer is disadvantageous since the lens effect could be nullified. Equalization is possible if reflective lenses are used, i.e. micro-concave mirrors.
  • the embossed structures are preferably produced in one operation in a double embossing system.
  • the production of the value document includes the following steps: First, the relief structure for an original is generated with the dimensions of the value document, for example with the height H and the width B of the bank note 1. This relief structure is generated, for example, using a laser writing process or a mask process in a photoresist. A stamp is then produced as a master from the original structure, for example by copying the relief structure into a nickel mold by means of galvanic molding or into a photopolymer. With the help of this stamp, an embossing cylinder is now produced, which duplicates the relief structure of the original on the surface of the embossing cylinder. Common steps for producing an embossing cylinder are the electroforming of a replica in nickel and mounting the structured nickel foil on an embossing cylinder.
  • the original structure is then formed on a plastic film web in a continuous process, often side by side in UV varnish or by means of a hot embossing process in the film.
  • the film web embossed in this way contains lines transverse to the web direction, in which several areas of width B and height H lie side by side. The rows are repeated along the film web.
  • the foil web embossed in this way is then coated with a thin metal layer, preferably aluminum, silver, chromium, copper, gold or alloys thereof.
  • Semi-metal layers for example silicon, germanium, carbon and silicon oxide (preferably with a Si:O ratio of less than one), can also be used.
  • High-vacuum vapor deposition by means of vapor deposition or sputtering or other coating processes are suitable as coating processes.
  • Film webs for the first film 11 and, if necessary, the second film 12 are produced in this way.
  • Demetallized areas or a window are created before the two foils are bonded.
  • the material and color are removed by a washing process known to those skilled in the art.
  • the metallization can be removed by irradiation with suitable laser radiation.
  • the serial numbers 8 can also be incorporated into the film, with the material preferably being removed on one side in a pattern corresponding to the serial number 8 . The contrast arises later through the view of the inside of the rear film or the inner substrate or dielectric.
  • the matting can be produced on the film web by laminating a scattering layer on the outside or by plasma melting the film surface.

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  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
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Claims (15)

  1. Document de valeur, tel qu'un billet de banque, un chèque, une carte de crédit ou autre carte de paiement, une carte d'identité ou analogue,
    - qui comporte une face avant (9) et une face arrière (10),
    - qui montre en vue de dessus au moins depuis la face avant (9) une représentation (3) reconnaissable à l'œil nu,
    - qui a des dimensions déterminées (B, H) en vue de dessus et qui comporte un corps de substrat (2) qui a des dimensions déterminées (B, H) en vue de dessus et qui est construit à partir d'un premier et d'un deuxième film transparent (11, 14) qui ont également les dimensions déterminés (B, H) en vue de dessus et qui sont reliées l'un à l'autre par une couche intermédiaire (17) de sorte que les faces intérieures des films soient dirigées l'une vers l'autre et que les faces extérieures des films soient dirigées à l'opposé de la couche intermédiaire (17),
    - la face extérieure du premier film (11) étant dirigée vers la face avant (9) et la face extérieure du deuxième film (12) étant dirigée vers la face arrière (10),
    - la représentation (3) reconnaissable depuis la face avant (9) étant réalisée par une première structure en relief (14) métallisée au moins par portions et étant disposée sur la face intérieure du premier film (9), et comportant latéralement, donc transversalement à la direction de la vue de dessus, un profil et/ou une métallisation variables,
    - la structure en relief (14) comportant des microlentilles (16) et/ou des micromiroirs (20).
  2. Document de valeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le document de valeur (1) montre, en vue de dessus de la face arrière (10), une autre représentation visible à l'œil nu et en ce que la représentation visible depuis la face arrière (10) est réalisée par une deuxième structure en relief (15), au moins partiellement métallisée, qui est disposée sur la face intérieure ou la face extérieure du deuxième film (12) et qui comporte au moins par portions un profil et/ou une métallisation variable latéralement.
  3. Document de valeur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la première et la deuxième structure en relief (14, 15) forment dans des zones opposées une fenêtre (19) dans laquelle la représentation par la première structure en relief (14) et l'autre représentation par la deuxième structure en relief (15) se complètent pour former un motif lorsque l'on regarde en transparence.
  4. Document de valeur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les première et deuxième structures en relief (14, 15) présentent un profil dissymétrique au niveau de la fenêtre (19) et produisent par réflexion un motif qui disparaît lorsque l'on regarde en transparence.
  5. Document de valeur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'aucune métallisation n'est prévue au niveau de la fenêtre (19).
  6. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première structure en relief (14) est formée au moins dans une zone sous la forme d'une microstructure (24) de période de 500 nm à 2 µm qui représente un hologramme.
  7. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire (17) est opaque au moins par portions.
  8. Document de valeur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire (17) est structurée latéralement en termes d'opacité de celle-ci.
  9. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire (17) comprend du papier pour billets de banque.
  10. Document de valeur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le papier pour billets de banque comporte un filigrane, les structures en relief (14, 15) formant une fenêtre (19) dans la zone située au-dessus du filigrane de sorte que le filigrane soit visible à travers la fenêtre (19).
  11. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche colorée est située sur le film ou les films (11, 12) ou le film ou les films (11, 12) sont colorés.
  12. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire (17) est colorée.
  13. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la métallisation sous forme d'un motif individualisant le document de valeur, notamment un numéro de série, est omise ou supprimée.
  14. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la métallisation comprend une structure multicouche dans laquelle une ou plusieurs couches sont métalliques.
  15. Document de valeur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces extérieures des films (11, 12) sont pourvues d'une finition mate.
EP21152263.6A 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Document de valeurs Active EP3828002B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017130588.2A DE102017130588A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Wertdokument
PCT/EP2018/085916 WO2019121965A2 (fr) 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Document de valeurs
EP18829824.4A EP3727871B1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Document de valeurs

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EP18829824.4A Division-Into EP3727871B1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Document de valeurs
EP18829824.4A Division EP3727871B1 (fr) 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Document de valeurs

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EP3828002A1 EP3828002A1 (fr) 2021-06-02
EP3828002B1 true EP3828002B1 (fr) 2023-06-14

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CN (1) CN111511570B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017130588A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019121965A2 (fr)

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AT523690B1 (de) * 2020-03-16 2022-03-15 Hueck Folien Gmbh Flächiges Sicherheitselement mit optischen Sicherheitsmerkmalen
DE102021002600A1 (de) 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Wertdokument und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wertdokuments
DE102022001749A1 (de) * 2022-05-18 2023-11-23 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Wertdokument und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wertdokuments

Citations (7)

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EP3727871B1 (fr) 2024-05-22
WO2019121965A2 (fr) 2019-06-27
CN111511570A (zh) 2020-08-07
CN111511570B (zh) 2021-11-23
EP3727871A2 (fr) 2020-10-28
DE102017130588A1 (de) 2019-06-19
EP3828002A1 (fr) 2021-06-02

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