Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
  • H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
  • H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
  • H02K11/049—Rectifiers associated with stationary parts, e.g. stator cores
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
  • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
  • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
  • H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
  • H02H7/0844—Fail safe control, e.g. by comparing control signal and controlled current, isolating motor on commutation error
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
  • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
  • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
  • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
  • H02K11/27—Devices for sensing current, or actuated thereby
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
  • H02H5/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to mechanical injury, e.g. rupture of line, breakage of earth connection

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a rotary electrical machine provided with a current sensor and a diagnostic module.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous application with alternators and alternator-starters fitted to motor vehicles.
• rotary electrical machines comprise two coaxial parts, namely a rotor and a stator surrounding the body of the rotor.
• the rotor may be integral with a driving and / or driven rotor shaft and may belong to a rotating electric machine in the form of an alternator, as described for example in documents EP0803962 and W002 / 093717, or of a motor. electric as described for example in document EP0831580.
• the rotary electrical machine may be reversible as described for example in documents WO01 / 69762, W02004 / 040738, W02006 / 129030 and FR3005900. Such a reversible synchronous electric machine is called an alternator-starter.
• the electric machine transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy, in particular to supply consumers and / or recharge a battery.
• the electric machine operates in alternator mode, in particular during the regenerative braking phases. which are very common. The electric machine and its sub-components are thus stressed at their operating limit.
• the invention aims to fill this need by proposing a rotary electric machine comprising:
• a voltage regulator capable of adapting an excitation current applied to the rotor winding as a function of a difference between an output voltage of the rotary electric machine and a reference voltage
• At least one current sensor disposed at the output of the rotating electrical machine or on at least one phase of the rotating electrical machine
• a diagnostic module capable of detecting a malfunction of the rotating electric machine from a current measurement from the current sensor.
• the invention thus makes it possible, thanks to the use of the current sensor and the diagnostic module, to detect and inform the motor control of a possible failure and / or of a drift in the performance of the rotating electric machine.
• the diagnostic module is integrated into the regulator.
• the diagnostic module is an external module with respect to the regulator.
• the diagnostic module is able to estimate, via a law of variation of a voltage drop across the terminals of a rectifying component, a junction temperature of this rectifying component.
• the diagnostic module is able to limit this junction temperature to protect this rectifying component.
• the diagnostic module is capable of detecting a failure on a phase of the rotating electric machine from the current measurement originating from the current sensor.
• the diagnostic module is able to determine a theoretical efficiency of the rotary electric machine and to compare it with a reference efficiency to deduce a possible drift representative of a degradation of performance of the rotating electric machine.
• the diagnostic module is able to measure a ripple of an output current of the rotating electrical machine and to detect a failure of the rotating electrical machine in the event that a current variation over a period of the output current exceeds a reference value.
• the diagnostic module is capable of establishing a diagnostic of the operation of the rotary electric machine from measurements of the output current of the rotary electric machine and measurements of the excitation current.
• the diagnostic module is capable of detecting a performance drift of a rectifying component from a measurement of a voltage drop at a given current of said rectifying component.
• FIG. 1a is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention having an alternator output current sensor and a diagnostic module integrated in the regulator;
• - Figure 1b is a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment with an external diagnostic module
• - Figure 2a is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention having a generator phase current sensor and a diagnostic module integrated in the regulator;
• - Figure 2b is a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment with an external diagnostic module
• - Figure 3 is a graphical representation of a map for determining a torque from a speed of rotation of the machine for a given excitation current
• FIG. 4 is a graphic representation of a variation of the output current whose measurement using the current sensor according to the invention allows to detect a malfunction of the electric machine;
• - Figure 5 is a graphical representation of the measured and expected curves obtained in the alternator current / excitation current plane for detecting a malfunction of the electric machine
• - Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a phase voltage for determining the voltage drop of a rectifier component in the on state
• FIG. 7 is a variation law stored in the regulator or the external diagnostic module making it possible to determine the temperature of a rectifier component of diode shape
• FIG. 8 is a graphical representation illustrating the detection by the diagnostic module of a performance drift which can be detected by measuring a voltage and a current of a rectifying component.
• FIGS 1 a and 1 b schematically represent a rotary electrical machine 10, in the form of an alternator, comprising a stator 11 and a rotor 12 provided with a coil 13.
• the rotor 12 is capable of generating a magnetic flux interacting with the stator 1 1.
• the stator 1 1 comprises a winding 14 having several phases Ph1 -PhN connected to an AC / DC converter 16.
• a stator 11 with three phases Ph1 -Ph3 is shown in a nonlimiting manner for example.
• the stator 1 1 may more generally include N phases, N being an integer.
• N could for example be 3 for a three-phase stator, 5 for a five-phase stator, 6 for a hexaphasic stator, 7 for a heptaphasic stator, etc ... or be any integer.
• the AC / DC converter 16 is typically formed by rectifying components 17 represented here by diodes but can also take the form of MOSFET type transistors. In this case, the AC / DC converter 16 is reversible in order to transform the direct voltage of the battery 19 into an alternating voltage supplying the winding phases Ph1 -PhN to operate the machine in motor mode.
• the output voltage Liait measured between the terminal B + and the ground can be delivered to the battery 19 by the stator 1 1 via the converter 16. More specifically, electromotive forces are present in each of the phases Ph1 -PhN of the stator winding 11 and are processed by the converter 16 to generate the output voltage Liait.
• a milk output current can be delivered to the battery 19 and to the electrical charges 22 by the stator 11 after treatment by the converter 16.
• the electrical charges 22 are in this case connected in parallel with the battery 19.
• the alternator 10 also includes a regulator 24 making it possible to control the output voltage linked to a reference voltage generally supplied by an engine computer 25 of the vehicle.
• the regulator 24 adapts an excitation current lexc applied, by pulse width modulation, to the rotor winding 13 as a function of a difference between the output voltage Ualt of the alternator 10 and the reference voltage .
• a current sensor 27 may be arranged at the output of the alternator 10 at the terminal B +, as shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b.
• a current sensor 27 is disposed on at least phase Ph1 -PhN of the alternator 10.
• a sensor 27 is used per phase, but it is alternatively possible to use a sensor 27 on a single phase and deduce the signals of the other phases from the measurements of this sensor.
• a sensor 27 can take the form a Hall effect sensor or a resistance sensor called "shunt" in English.
• a diagnostic module 30 is able to detect a malfunction of the alternator 10 on the basis of the current measurement obtained from at least one current sensor 27.
• the diagnostic module 30 can be integrated into the regulator 24, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 2a.
• the regulator 24 communicates the information relating to the operation of the alternator 10 to the engine computer 25 via a communication bus of the LIN or CAN type for example.
• the diagnostic module 30 is an external module, as shown in FIGS. 1b and 2b. This makes it easier to produce the regulator 24 which then has fewer integrated functionalities.
• a communication is provided between the regulator 24 and the diagnostic module 30, between the regulator 24 and the engine computer 25, and a communication between the diagnostic module 30 and the engine computer 25.
• These communications can also be established via a LIN or CAN type communication bus.
• the diagnostic module 30 is able to determine a theoretical efficiency n of the alternator 10 from the following formula:
• W being the speed of rotation determined using the frequency of a phase applied at the input of regulator 24,
• the theoretical efficiency n is then compared with a reference efficiency to deduce a possible drift representative of a degradation in performance of the alternator 10.
• the diagnostic module 30 is able to measure a ripple of an output current Alalt from the alternator 10 and to detect a failure in the case where a variation in current Alalt over a period output current exceeds a reference value. In particular, if over a period corresponding to the switching of each rectifying component 17, the current ripple Alalt becomes greater than a reference value, the diagnostic module 30 emits an alert signal intended for the engine computer 25.
• the diagnostic module 30 is also able to establish an operating diagnosis of the alternator 10 from measurements of the milk output current from the alternator 10 and measurements of the current of lexc excitement. To this end, the difference between the measured curve Cmes obtained from several measurements of the milk and lexc currents and the expected curve Cth stored in memory of the diagnostic module 30 or of the engine computer 25 is compared. important, the module 30 emits an alert signal intended for the engine computer 25.
• the junction temperature of the component by correlating the current measurement ld_mes and the voltage measurement Vd_mes carried out on the rectifying component 17, taking the form of a diode or of a transistor of the type MOSFET.
• the diagnostic module 30 can then limit this junction temperature T to protect the component 17, in particular by limiting a milk output current from the alternator 10 in order to provide maximum power available to the vehicle while maintaining a maximum temperature admissible at level of component junctions 17.
• the diagnostic module 30 may also detect a performance drift of a rectifying component 17 from a measurement of a voltage drop Vd_mes at a given current ld_mes.
• the diagnostic module 30 deduces therefrom that the performance of the component 17 is degraded.
• the diagnostic module 30 then alerts the engine computer 25 of a change of state of one or more components 17 via the sending of a corresponding alert message on the vehicle communication bus.
• the measurements used by the diagnostic module 30 can be carried out if the heat engine and its components have a thermal equilibrium at ambient temperature.
• a measurement order can be sent by the engine computer 25 when the ambient temperature and the engine temperature are very close with a difference for example of the order of plus or minus 5 ° C.
• communication of this temperature could be envisaged to the regulator 24 or to the diagnostic module 30 in order to compare the temperature of the chip of the regulator 24 and ensure a stabilized and cooled thermal state.
• the diagnostic module 30 could launch a diagnosis of the state of the rectifying components 17.
• the invention could also be implemented with a alternator-starter or an electric machine operating only in engine mode.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63407471

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (23)

• 2018
  • 2018-06-27 FR FR1855817A patent/FR3083385B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2019
  • 2019-06-26 WO PCT/FR2019/051582 patent/WO2020002839A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-06-26 CN CN201980050083.6A patent/CN112514239A/zh active Pending
  • 2019-06-26 EP EP19748862.0A patent/EP3815240A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2019-06-26 US US17/255,179 patent/US11394276B2/en active Active

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events