EP3812234B1 - Passenger transport vehicle and step device for a passenger transport vehicle - Google Patents

Description

technical field

The present invention relates to a stepping device for a passenger transport vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle or a bus. Furthermore, the invention relates to a passenger transport vehicle with such a step device.

Known prior art

It is known that vehicles for transporting people usually have sliding doors or folding doors through which passengers can get on and off the vehicle.

Furthermore, such vehicles are usually provided with devices which are suitable for bridging a gap between a platform edge or access platform and a floor of the vehicle in the horizontal direction. In particular, extendable stepping devices can be provided in the floor area of the vehicle for this purpose, which in the extended state cause an enlargement of a floor of the vehicle from the interior of the vehicle to the edge of the platform and beyond.

The Publication WO 2018/134027 A1 discloses a door module for arrangement in a door opening of a wall of a car body of a rail vehicle. The movement of a door leaf is started together with the movement of the sliding step in the direction of the extended end position and a detection signal is generated. When retracted, the sliding step is stowed under the floor in the underbody area of the vehicle. Another sliding step is from the DE 10 2017 002018 A1 known.

Disadvantages of the Prior Art

Such devices of the prior art fulfill their purpose adequately, with known devices having such a technically complex structure that they prove to be disadvantageous in terms of maintenance effort and/or costs.

problem

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a stepping device for a passenger transport vehicle which has a simple and robust structure, is easy to assemble and easy to maintain without negatively affecting the application character of the passenger transport vehicle.

Solution according to the invention

The above object is achieved by a step device according to claim 1 and by a passenger transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, according to claim 14.

The step device is designed to be installed and/or used in a door area of a passenger transport vehicle, in particular taking into account and including components of the step device of one or more of the exemplary embodiments described below. Such an arrangement in or on a passenger transport vehicle is referred to as the intended use or assembly.

The statements made in the context of this patent application regarding a longitudinal direction, vertical direction, transverse direction and/or displacement direction relate to the intended use of the stepping device in the passenger transport vehicle. The longitudinal direction is essentially the same as a longitudinal direction of a car body of the passenger transport vehicle, or also a direction of travel when driving straight ahead. The transverse direction is determined with respect to the shape of the car body and can therefore be aligned perpendicular to a possible direction of travel when the passenger transport vehicle is traveling straight ahead. In particular, in the present case a displacement direction of a sliding step of the stepping device can be the same as the transverse direction, in particular if the stepping device is arranged in the passenger transport vehicle such that the sliding step is extended in the transverse direction of the passenger transport vehicle. The Vertical direction is also to be understood with regard to the intended use of the passenger transport vehicle on a horizontal surface. The vertical direction runs perpendicular to the transverse direction, the displacement direction and the longitudinal direction.

The step device has, among other things, a receiving device, a sliding step and a displacement device for the sliding step. The accommodation device at least partially delimits an accommodation space for accommodating the sliding step and the displacement device. Furthermore, the receiving device has an outer opening and an outer flap device, with the aid of the latter the outer opening being able to be opened or closed.

The displacement device is arranged in the receiving space and at least partially supports the sliding step or is effectively connected to it so that - when the outer opening is open - the sliding step can be displaced at least partially through the outer opening in the displacement direction to an outside of the passenger transport vehicle by means of the displacement device. For this purpose, the displacement device is equipped with a drive device. Furthermore, the sliding step can be provided in the receiving device so that it can be displaced by means of the displacement device, so that the sliding step is arranged completely in the receiving space in a retracted position and protrudes through the outer opening in an extended position. In the extended position, the sliding step is no longer completely in the receiving device, but also not completely outside of the receiving device.

Furthermore, the stepping device has a sealing device, which is arranged between the receiving device and the outer flap device, so that the receiving space is sealed off from the outside in a pressure-tight manner, preferably pressure-tight.

The term "pressurized" or "pressurized" is used to describe an application character of a passenger transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, with an interior space of such a passenger transport vehicle being protected against sudden pressure fluctuations. For example, when fast-moving rail vehicles travel through tunnels, a change in pressure surrounding the rail vehicle - for example when entering the tunnel or when other vehicles are approaching in the tunnel - can penetrate into the interior of the vehicle Passenger transport vehicle propagated. This can cause uncomfortable feelings of pressure, hearing damage and even fainting in passengers.

For example, fast-moving passenger trains are considered pressurized if the maximum external pressure change is between +3900 and -5500 Pa, but a cabin pressure change is only ±1000 Pa with a maximum pressure change rate of 200 Pa/s. These pressure fluctuations apply to a train encounter in the tunnel at a relative speed of 560 km/h, with a vehicle:tunnel cross-sectional area ratio of approximately 1:8. Further explanations can be found in leaflet 660 of the UIC code "Provisions for ensuring the technical compatibility of high-speed trains", UIC, point 4.6.2.1. In addition to this non-binding example, requirements regarding printer capability are determined individually, e.g. according to DIN EN 14752, Section 4.10.3 and Appendix C.

According to the preferred option, the term "pressure-tight" is to be understood in such a way that the receiving space of the receiving device is largely pressure-independent compared to the outside, but at least that a maximum change in external pressure as described above would be felt in the receiving space in an irrelevant way.

The application and implementation of the previously disclosed teaching means for the first time that a passenger transport vehicle can be made pressure-resistant in a particularly simple and reliable manner, while at the same time components of an extendable sliding step, such as a displacement device and a drive device, are protected from damage and wear and tear due to dirt and/or or moisture. In particular, it is possible to dispense with a complicated, pressure-tight sealing of an interior of the passenger transport vehicle in relation to the receiving space for the sliding step.

Accordingly, a pressurized area of the passenger transport vehicle includes not only the interior but also the receiving device. The reliable, pressure-tight sealing of the receiving device from the outside of the passenger transport vehicle ensures that neither moisture, extreme temperatures and/or dirt can get into the receiving device and thus onto the displacement device or the drive device.

According to the invention, the accommodating device has an internal opening for providing maintenance access from the interior of the passenger transport vehicle into the accommodating space. In particular, the inner opening requires a fluid connection between the interior and the receiving space, so that the same pressure conditions prevail in both spaces.

This measure enables particularly easy access to the receiving device for maintenance purposes.

This positive effect is further reinforced by the fact that the door device has a maintenance flap device with a maintenance flap for closing the inner opening next to the inner opening. In addition, the result is that the maintenance flap device provides a usable area which—except when maintenance is actually being carried out with the maintenance flap open—can be entered, for example, by passengers.

According to one embodiment, all functionally relevant components of the sliding step, in particular the sliding step itself, the shifting device, a drive device of the shifting device, possibly a control device and any sensors, are accommodated together in a single accommodation space and thus in a single accommodation device.

In particular, there is no separation, for example, of drive components of the drive device and of displacement components of the displacement device into different, in particular differently sealed, receiving spaces.

In particular, the stepping device has no further accommodation space for arranging drive components, so that, for example, a drive movement would have to be transmitted from a first accommodation space to another accommodation space of the stepping device by means of suitable transmission elements, for example a push rod.

Such a design of the stepping device, which is excluded according to the present embodiment, would mean that a pressure-resistant seal would have to be provided between different receiving spaces or between different receiving devices.

In particular, the above exclusion or the above specification applies to a single accommodation space for accommodating relevant components of the kick device exclusively with regard to functionally relevant and essential components, whereby, for example, the provision of a power supply in another area of the passenger transport vehicle does not fall under the above exclusion.

Furthermore, it is disclosed that no plurality of accommodation spaces and/or accommodation devices designed to form different pressure levels and/or to accommodate functionally relevant components of the sliding step, the displacement device or a drive device are provided.

According to a further embodiment, the step device does not have a further receiving space apart from a first receiving space, for example for receiving the sliding step, in particular the further receiving space is not sealed off from an outside of the passenger transport vehicle.

According to a further development, no sealing means or sealing measures are provided between the receiving device or the receiving space and the interior of the passenger transport vehicle for pressure-tight sealing of the receiving space from the interior. In particular, the maintenance flap device is not equipped with such sealing means. This simplifies the design of the maintenance flap device, since rapid access to the accommodation space from the interior with fewer components is ensured.

According to an additional embodiment, a surface of the maintenance flap that faces the interior is designed at least partially as the floor of the passenger transport vehicle. Thus, the furniture-free space in the door area is used particularly advantageously by designing and using a corresponding floor area as a maintenance hatch.

As part of an embodiment of the step device, an opening frame of the receiving device has a sealing surface on the outer opening. As an alternative or in addition to this, the outer flap of the outer flap device can also have a sealing surface. In particular, a sealing surface of the outer opening faces a sealing surface of the outer flap, with the use of sealing means on one or both sealing surfaces is possible. Thus, at least one sealing surface and sealing means interacting therewith, wherein a sealing surface can also be formed on sealing means, can be understood as a sealing device within the meaning of this disclosure. In addition, sealing means can be arranged in a circumferential manner on the opening frame and/or on the outer flap.

An additional or alternative further development reveals that the stepping device has suitable locking means, as a result of which the pressure-resistant keeping of the outer flap closed is ensured and enforced. The outer flap is kept closed until the outer flap is instructed to open based on a control command.

In addition, provision can be made for the displacement device and/or the drive device to be in the form of an electric brake and/or to be provided with an electric brake so that it can function as a mechanical, switchable closing mechanism of the outer flap device.

Furthermore, it is disclosed that mechanical connecting means for transmitting displacements are provided between the drive device and/or the displacement device and the outer flap device. These connecting means are designed in such a way that a movement of the displacement device, the drive device and/or the sliding step leads to the opening and/or closing of the outer flap. In this way, the actuation of the outer flap device is coupled with the actuation of the sliding step, which simplifies the overall construction.

According to one embodiment, the mechanical connecting means can be designed at least as a groove with a groove stop, arranged on the sliding step and/or on the displacement device, and as a groove engagement on the outer flap device. A shifting sliding step can thus actuate the groove engagement via a correspondingly designed groove and groove stop, as a result of which the outer flap is opened. Such a connection between the outer flap and the sliding device (or sliding step) causes a mechanical coupling, so that the outer flap is kept closed in a pressure-resistant manner when the sliding step is retracted.

An advantageous embodiment reveals a groove with a groove stop on each of the lateral sides of the sliding step and correspondingly on the lateral sides of the outer flap each provide a Nuteingriff. This ensures that the position of the outer flap is maintained in a particularly effective manner.

According to one embodiment, it is disclosed that the mechanical connecting means have a Bowden cable, which is provided for the mechanical coupling between the outer flap device and the displacement device or the sliding step. The Bowden cable is configured and connected to the components mentioned in such a way that actuation of the displacement device or the sliding step leads to unlocking and/or opening of the outer flap or locking and/or closing.

In addition or as an alternative, it is conceivable to design the mechanical connecting means as a lever device, which is arranged in an analogous manner between the outer flap device and the displacement device or the sliding step.

Overall, the mechanical connecting means are configured in such a way that retracting the sliding step causes a closing process and a pressure-tight sealing of the outer flap.

Furthermore, it is disclosed that a cleaning device for cleaning a sliding step surface of the sliding step is provided in the receiving space and/or in the area of the outer opening. Thus, the protected and maintenance-reducing storage of the sliding step within the receiving device is supported by cleaning and protection against dirt.

Furthermore, a passenger transport vehicle is disclosed, in particular a rail vehicle or a bus, wherein the passenger transport vehicle has a door area with an interior and with an outer edge and a door device for enabling a passage between an outside and the interior of the passenger transport vehicle. Furthermore, the passenger transport vehicle is equipped with a step device according to one or more of the embodiments described above or combinations thereof. A door area can be designed in such a way that a passenger can step through this door area and exit the vehicle or enter the vehicle via the door device.

The embodiments described above can be combined with one another as desired, but in a sensible manner, for example by providing different types of the described mechanical connecting means between the drive device and/or the displacement device and the outer flap device in combination with one another. For example, it is conceivable that the drive device is equipped with an electric brake, which causes the outer flap to be kept closed via a Bowden cable, groove and groove engagement or lever device.

Brief description of the figures

• Fig. 1 zeigt ein als Schienenfahrzeug ausgebildetes Personentransportfahrzeug 100 mit einem Türbereich 105,
• Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt einer perspektivischen Ansicht auf einen Türbereich 105 des Personentransportfahrzeugs 100 gemäß Fig. 1, und
• Fig. 3 einen schematischen Schnitt durch eine Trittvorrichtung 1 angeordnet im Türbereich 105 des Personentransportfahrzeugs 100 gemäß Fig. 1.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to one another and are not necessarily to scale. The same reference symbols designate the same or correspondingly similar parts.

• 1 shows a passenger transport vehicle 100 designed as a rail vehicle with a door area 105,
• 2 a section of a perspective view of a door area 105 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 according to FIG 1 , and
• 3 a schematic section through a stepping device 1 arranged in the door area 105 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 according to FIG 1 .

exemplary embodiments

To clarify the overall understanding, 1 a passenger transport vehicle 100 designed as a rail vehicle is shown. In the exemplary example, this consists of two car bodies, which are supported on rails 120 so that they can roll by means of bogies 112 . Passengers get on and off the passenger transport vehicle 100 via door devices 106 , which are provided in a door area 105 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 .

The passenger transport vehicle 100 defines a longitudinal direction 101, a vertical direction 3 and a transverse direction 102, with the passenger transport vehicle 100 in 1 is aligned in a horizontal direction 2 . Both the transverse direction 102 and the longitudinal direction 101 run in 1 in horizontal direction 2.

The exemplary people carrier 100 of FIG 1 has at least one door area 105 a door device 106 and a step device 1, wherein a non-limiting embodiment of this step device 1 based on the 2 and 3 is explained in more detail.

The detailed in 3 The kick device 1 shown is installed under the floor 107 or in the underbody of the passenger transport vehicle 100 in the intended state. In 2 a maintenance flap 17 of a maintenance flap device 16 can be seen, which forms part of the bottom 107 of the area 105 .

An outer flap device 20 with an outer flap 21 of the step device 1 is provided in the area of an outer edge 109 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 . If the outer flap 21 is open - in 2 represented by a broken line - a sliding step 30 of the step device can be extended via the outer opening 12 from a receiving space 11 of a receiving device 10 into an outer side 111 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 - in 2 the extended sliding step is also shown by a broken line.

3 shows in detail the step device 1 with the sliding step 30 retracted (continuous line) and with the sliding step 30 extended (broken line). The step device 1 is composed of at least one receiving device 10, which forms a receiving space 11, the sliding step 30 and the displacement device 40 with a drive device 50 for displacing the sliding step 30. Furthermore, the stepping device 1 comprises the outer opening 12, the opening frame 13 of the outer opening 12, and the outer flap device 20 for closing the outer opening 12 by means of the outer flap 21. In addition, the maintenance flap device 16 with maintenance flap 17 can also be added to the treading device 1.

The outer flap device 20 closes the receiving space 11 of the receiving device 10 at least in a pressure-tight manner, preferably even in a duck-proof manner. For this purpose, for example, the outer flap 21 can be pivoted by means of a pivoting device 22 in the area of an opening frame 13 of the outer opening 12, so that - as also in 2 to recognize - an open outer flap 21 pours down in the vertical direction 3 and the outer opening 12 releases.

Pressure proofing of the treadle 1 is achieved by sealing means 60 operatively between the outer opening 12, i. H. the opening frame 13, and the outer flap 21 is provided. For this purpose, sealing means 61 can be provided between sealing surfaces 14 on the opening frame 13 and/or on a sealing surface 24 on a flap frame 23 of the outer flap 21 .

In 3 it can be seen that lower sealing means 61 are arranged in the region of the pivoting device 22 in the vertical direction 3 above the pivoting device 22 . This prevents the pivoting device 22 from also being provided with sealing means.

In particular, the sealing means 61 are provided all around the opening frame 13 and/or the flap frame 23 .

Furthermore, the sealing means 61 can be provided with a plurality of sealing lips (not shown), so that the pressure-resistant seal is always ensured, for example even when dirt prevents the sealing effect of a sealing lip.

The displacement device 40 is fastened to the receiving device 10 within the receiving space 11 so that it can carry and guide the sliding step 30 . This is done in such a way that the sliding step 30 is positioned completely inside the receiving space 11 as well as projecting through the outer opening 12 .

In order to enable automated moving in and out, a drive device 50 with drive means 51 is mounted inside the receiving device 10 on the displacement device 40 or directly on the receiving device 10 .

Furthermore, a drive control 52 can be provided directly on the displacement device 40 or on the drive means 51 . However, it is conceivable to implement the actuation of drive means 51 by a control device outside of receiving device 10 .

If the passenger transport vehicle 100 approaches an access platform for passengers, a gap present in the horizontal direction 2 between the outer edge 109 and the access platform can be bridged with the aid of the step device 1 . This is done either automatically, for example by sensor recognition, or by an active Opening signal the displacement device 40 activated. As a result, the outer flap 21 of the outer flap device 20 is unlocked and opened. As a result, the sliding step 30 can be extended in the horizontal direction 2 (in the direction of displacement) until the gap is sufficiently covered.

According to 3 This is achieved by the sliding step 30 having a groove 32 running in the horizontal direction 2 with a groove stop 33 on at least one lateral side 34 and by the outer flap 21 also having a groove engagement 25 on a lateral side 26 . The arrangement of groove engagement 25 , groove stop 33 and groove 32 is selected such that groove engagement 25 engages in groove 32 .

If the sliding step 31 is now in the fully retracted state, the groove stop 33 causes the outer flap 21 to be pulled over the groove engagement 25 in the horizontal direction 2 toward the center of the passenger transport vehicle 100 . The displacement device 40 and the drive device 50 are thus mechanically interlocked with the outer flap 21 via the sliding step 30 in such a way that retracting the sliding step 30 closes the outer flap 21 and extending the sliding step 30 leads to the outer flap 21 opening .

In addition to the outer opening 12 to the outside 111 , the receiving device 10 has an inner opening 15 into the interior 101 of the passenger transport vehicle 100 . The inner opening 15 is closed with a maintenance flap device 16 , it being possible for maintenance access to be provided by opening a maintenance flap 17 from the interior 101 .

At the same time, the maintenance flap 17 can serve as the floor 107 of the door area 105 . The maintenance flap 17 is preferably mounted and locked in a frame of the maintenance flap device 16 in a form-fitting manner, with a pressure-resistant seal between the interior space 101 and the receiving space 11 being dispensed with. Accordingly, the same pressure conditions prevail in the receiving space 11 and in the interior space 101 .

Furthermore, a cleaning device 30 can be provided on an inside of the receiving device 10 facing the sliding step surface 31 of the sliding step 30, which cleaning device 30 removes dirt, liquids and/or deposits on the sliding step surface 31 when the sliding step 30 is retracted back into the receiving space 11.

Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it is within the scope of the present invention to suitably modify the embodiments shown without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention, because, for example, the entry system 1 described can be installed not only in the transverse direction 101, but also in Be arranged longitudinally 113 in a passenger transport vehicle 100; ie, should a passenger transport vehicle, for example a bus, have a door device in the longitudinal direction at the end of the vehicle, for example the edge-side lifting section of the floor element would now be an end-side lifting section.

Reference list:

1 kick device 30 sliding step 2 horizontal direction 31 sliding tread 3 vertical direction 32 groove 10 recording facility 33 groove stop 11 recording room 34 lateral side 12 outside opening 40 shifting device 13 opening frame 50 drive device 14 sealing surface 51 drive means 15 interior opening 52 drive control 16 maintenance flap facility 17 maintenance hatch 60 sealing device 18 cleaning device 61 sealant 100 passenger transport vehicle 20 external flap device 101 inner space 21 outer flap 102 transverse direction 22 swivel device 23 flap frame 103 vertical direction 24 sealing surface 104 longitudinal direction 25 groove engagement 105 door area 26 lateral side 106 door device 107 Floor 108 door leaf 109 outer edge 111 outside 112 bogie 120 rail

Claims (14)

1. A step device (1) for a door area (105) of a passenger transport vehicle (100) comprising

   - a receiving arrangement (10) with a receiving space (11) and an outer opening (12), an outer flap arrangement (20) for closing the outer opening (12) with respect to an outer side (111) of the passenger transport vehicle (100), a sliding step (30), a displacement arrangement (40) with a drive arrangement (50),

   - wherein the sliding step (30) is displaceably provided in the receiving arrangement (10) via the displacement arrangement (40) such that, in a retracted position, the sliding step (30) is completely arranged within the receiving space (11), and, in an extended position, protrudes through the outer opening (12), and

   - a sealing arrangement (60) being arranged between the receiving arrangement (10) and the outer flap arrangement (20) for sealing the receiving space (11) with respect to the outer side (111),
   characterized in that

   - the sealing arrangement (60) is configured for pressure-proof sealing the receiving space (11) with respect to the outer side (111), and

   - the receiving arrangement (10) comprises an inner opening (15) for providing maintenance access from an inner space (101) of the passenger transport vehicle (100) into the receiving space (11) and a maintenance flap arrangement (16) comprising a maintenance flap (17) for closing the inner opening (15).
2. The step device (1) of claim 1, wherein no sealing means being configured for pressure-proof sealing the receiving space (11) with respect to the inner space (101) of the passenger transport vehicle are provided, in particular wherein the maintenance flap arrangement (16) does not comprise any sealing means being configured for this purpose.
3. The step device (1) of any of claims 1 or 2, wherein a surface of the maintenance flap (17) facing the inner space (101) is adapted to function at least partially as a floor (107) of the door area (105).
4. The step device (1) of any of the preceding claims,

   - wherein an opening frame (13) of the receiving arrangement (10) being arranged in the area of the outer opening (12) forms a sealing surface (14) and/or an outer flap (21) of the outer flap arrangement (20) forms a sealing surface (24), and

   - wherein, particularly at the opening frame (13) and/or at the outer flap (21), circumferential sealing means (61) of the sealing arrangement (60) are arranged at at least one of the sealing surfaces (14, 24).
5. The step device (1) of any of the preceding claims, comprising locking means being configured such that the outer flap (21) is forced to remain in a pressure-proof keep-closing as long as the sliding step (30) is in a fully retracted position.
6. The step device (1) of any of the preceding claims, in particular of claim 6, comprising mechanical connection means between the drive arrangement (50) and/or the displacement arrangement (40) and the outer flap arrangement (20).
7. The step device (1) of claim 6, wherein the mechanical connecting means are formed at least as a groove (32) being arranged at the sliding step (30) and/or at the displacement arrangement (40) and as a groove engagement (25) of the outer flap arrangement (20) such that a pressure-proof keep-closing of the outer flap (21) is enforced by mechanical coupling as long as the sliding step (30) is in fully retracted position.
8. The step device (1) of claim 7, wherein one groove (32) is provided on each of two opposing lateral sides (34) of the sliding step (30) and one groove engagement (25) is provided on each of two opposing lateral sides (26) of the outer flap (21).
9. The step device (1) of claim 6, wherein the mechanical connecting means are formed at least as a Bowden cable being connected to the outer flap arrangement (20) and the sliding step (30) and/or the displacement arrangement (40) such that a pressure-proof keep-closing of the outer flap (21) is enforced by mechanical coupling as long as the sliding step (30) is in fully retracted position.
10. The step device (1) of claim 6, wherein the mechanical connecting means are formed at least as a lever means being connected to the outer flap arrangement (20) and the sliding step (30) and/or the displacement arrangement (40) such that a pressure-proof keep-closing of the outer flap (21) is enforced by mechanical coupling as long as the sliding step (30) is in fully retracted position.
11. The step device (1) of any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the mechanical connecting means are provided between the outer flap arrangement (20) and the sliding step (30) and/or the displacement arrangement (40) such that a retraction of the sliding step (30) causes a closing operation of the outer flap (21).
12. The step device (1) of any of claims 5 to 11, wherein a drive controller (52) and drive means (51) of the drive arrangement (50) are provided and configured such that they function as an electric brake for holding the sliding step (30) in the fully retracted position.
13. The step device (1) of any of the preceding claims, comprising a cleaning arrangement (18) for cleaning a sliding step surface (31) of the sliding step (30).
14. A passenger transport vehicle (100) comprising

    - a door area (105) having an inner space (101) and an outer edge (109),

    - a door assembly (106) for allowing passing between an outer side (111) and the inner space (101) of the passenger transport vehicle (100), and

    - a step device (1) of any of the preceding claims being arranged in the passenger transport vehicle (100) such that the outer edge (109) is overhung by the sliding step (30) in the extended condition.

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