EP3811445A1 - Électrolyte polymere solide, son procede de preparation et accumulateur/cellule electrochimique en comprenant - Google Patents
Électrolyte polymere solide, son procede de preparation et accumulateur/cellule electrochimique en comprenantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3811445A1 EP3811445A1 EP19734015.1A EP19734015A EP3811445A1 EP 3811445 A1 EP3811445 A1 EP 3811445A1 EP 19734015 A EP19734015 A EP 19734015A EP 3811445 A1 EP3811445 A1 EP 3811445A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- eps
- poly
- block
- group
- electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of electrochemical cell-accumulators-batteries, in particular those whose reaction is based on the lithium element.
- the invention relates to solid polymer electrolytes (EPS) which can be used in these electrochemical devices.
- EPS solid polymer electrolytes
- the invention also relates to the process for preparing EPS.
- An accumulator designates a unitary electrochemical device (cell) comprising two electrodes separated by an electrolyte.
- the term battery designates an assembly of accumulators connected together to obtain the desired capacity and voltage. In common parlance, the two terms are often confused.
- An accumulator restores energy by the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, through reactions that occur at the electrodes.
- the accumulator is the seat of reversible oxidation-reduction reactions, this allows it to be rechargeable by supplying electrical energy with an external source.
- the redox reactions generating electricity are not reversible.
- the negative electrode anode
- the negative electrode is the seat of an oxidation generating an electron in the external circuit and an ion which migrates through the electrolyte.
- the positive electrode cathode
- this ion can be stored in the material of the positive electrode , called the host material.
- the electrons thus formed are recovered by the collectors and supply the external circuit with electric current.
- the ions carry out the opposite path, that is to say that they are produced by oxidation at the level of the positive electrode and migrate towards the negative electrode.
- the electrodes must therefore be both ionic and electronic conductors.
- the electrolyte it must be a good ionic conductor, but an electronic insulator in order to force the electrons to cross the external circuit. Otherwise, the performance of the battery deteriorates.
- Lithium batteries offer the highest specific energy (energy / mass) and the highest energy density (energy / volume). These lithium accumulators are therefore essential for storing and delivering electrical energy in multiple applications, such as in particular high energy applications: automobile, aeronautics, storage of intermittent energies (solar and / or wind) ... and applications relating to mobile electronic devices, including in particular computers or mobile phones.
- the lithium metal battery where the negative electrode is made of metallic lithium (a material which poses safety problems);
- lithium-ion accumulators where lithium remains in the ionic state thanks to the use of an insertion compound, both at the negative electrode (generally made of graphite) and at the positive electrode (dioxide cobalt, manganese, iron phosphate);
- lithium-polymer batteries are a variant and an alternative to lithium-ion batteries. They deliver slightly less energy, but are much safer.
- LMP Lithium Metal Polymer
- LMP batteries Their energy density is lower than that of lithium-ion batteries, but LMP batteries, fully solid, do not present a risk of explosion. Their self discharge is relatively low. They are little or no polluting and have no memory effect.
- the elementary electrochemical cell includes:
- a cathode composed, for example, of vanadium oxide or of LiFePCL, of carbon and of polymer electrolyte (s), an electrolyte which is a mixture of lithium salt and of a polymer material based on polyoxyethylene (POE) serving as solvent,
- the anode ensures the supply of lithium ions during the discharge and the cathode acts as a receptacle where the lithium ions are inserted.
- the two electrodes are separated by the solid polymer electrolyte, which conducts lithium ions.
- the conductivity of the ions is ensured by the dissolution of lithium salts in the POE-based polymer material.
- This material is generally composed of random copolymer (s) or blocks, or alternatively of POE / reinforcing polymer (s) composites.
- This POE-based polymer material ensures mechanical blocking limiting, even suppressing, dendritic growth, a deleterious phenomenon well known in lithium accumulators. Dendritic growth takes place when the battery is charged.
- the metallic lithium is deposited not uniformly on the surface of the metal electrode, but in the form of dendrites which can short-circuit the electrochemical cell and thus cause its destruction by overheating, even by explosion.
- these irregular dendritic deposits can also fragment which, not only harms the performance of the battery, but even more seriously, results in the presence of very reactive fragments of powdered lithium in the electrolyte.
- This POE-based polymer material also prevents electrolyte leakage, and its flexibility makes it possible to choose a configuration in sheets, suitable for industrial production and whose geometric criteria improve performance (large surface area and small thickness of the material). 'electrolyte).
- the temperature of this POE-based polymer material must be maintained between 80 ° C and 90 ° C.
- SEG X S are obtained in several stages (Diagram 1): 1) polycondensation of a PEG polyethylene glycol with a molar mass of 1.5 or 2 kg.mol 1 and 3-chloro-2-propene to obtain the block central POE modified, 2) the modification of the ends of the POE modified by esterification then by intermolecular radical addition with the alkoxyamine MAMA-SG1 to obtain the macro-initiator POE- (MAMA-SGl) 2, 3) radical polymerization controlled by the nitroxides of styrene using the POE- (MAMA- SGL) 2.
- SEG X S are then solubilized with a lithium salt of 2 bis-trifluoromethanesulfonylimide (LiTFSI) in a dichloromethane / acetonitrile mixture, to form SEG X S _f 0 .
- This SEG X S _f 0 solution is subjected to removal of the solvent in order to produce SEG X S _f 0 films of 100 mih thickness.
- the present invention aims to satisfy at least one of the objectives set out below.
- essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an improved solid polymer electrolyte EPS, in particular for accumulators, and, more particularly still, for LMP accumulators.
- essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an improved solid polymer electrolyte EPS, in particular for accumulators, and, more particularly still, for lithium LMP accumulators, this EPS being provided for low temperatures, that is to say say for example close to ambient temperature and / or lower equal to -en ° C, and in an increasing order of preference-: 85; 80; 70; 60; 50; 40; both of high ionic conductivity and very good mechanical qualities in the solid state, capable of limiting or even eliminating the dendritic growth of metal in the accumulator, in this case lithium in LMP accumulators.
- essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an improved solid polymer electrolyte EPS, in particular for accumulators, and, more particularly still, for LMP accumulators, this EPS being provided for low temperatures, that is to say by example close to room temperature and / or less than or equal to -in ° C and in an increasing order of preference-: 85; 80; 70; 60; 50; 40; of a low reactivity with the metal on which the electrochemistry of the accumulator is based, for example lithium in LMP accumulators.
- essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an improved solid polymer electrolyte EPS, in particular for accumulators, and, more particularly still, for LMP accumulators, this EPS being provided for low temperatures, that is to say by example close to room temperature and / or less than or equal to -in ° C and in a ascending order of preference-: 85; 80; 70; 60; 50; 40; reduced volatility and no spraying of solvents.
- One of the essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an improved solid polymer electrolyte EPS, in particular for accumulators, and, more particularly still, for LMP accumulators, this EPS being light, flexible, manageable and easy to implement. artwork.
- One of the essential objectives of the present invention is to provide a simple and economical process for the preparation of an EPS as referred to in the above objectives.
- One of the essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical accumulator (or cell) comprising at least one EPS as referred to in the above objectives, this accumulator, in particular of the LMP type, having very good resistance to cycling, good discharge capacity and high faradaic efficiency / coulombic efficiency, at low temperatures, i.e. for example close to ambient temperature and / or less than or equal to -en ° C and in order preferably increasing-: 85; 80; 70; 60; 50; 40.
- One of the essential objectives of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical accumulator (or cell) comprising at least one EPS as referred to in the above objectives, this accumulator, in particular of the LMP type, having very good resistance to recycling, landfill capacity and faradaic efficiency / coulombic efficiency, at 40 ° C, higher than that of an LMP accumulator (or cell), at 80 ° C.
- EPS Solid Polymer Electrolyte
- - blocks A are glassy or semi-crystalline polymers
- - block B is a polymer
- alkylene glycol monomers chosen from ethylene oxide (OE) and / or propylene oxide (OP);
- EPS can include:
- - block B is a polymer
- alkylene glycol monomers chosen from ethylene oxide (OE) and / or propylene oxide (OP);
- plasticizer chosen from polar solvents, with a molar mass less than or equal to 1000 g / mol or better still at 500 g / mol, the concentration of plasticizer being between 15% excluded and 40% included by weight dry compared to the total mass of EPS.
- This new plasticized EPS material is singularly efficient and advantageous in that it offers very good ionic conductivity and very good resistance or very good mechanical reinforcement, favorable to blocking the process of forming metal dendrites, for example lithium when it these are applications in LMP accumulators.
- the performance, for example at 40 ° C., of accumulators comprising this EPS is greater than or equal to that of accumulators available on the market and whose operating temperature is 80 ° C. This represents a gain of more than 40 ° C. , with greater or equal electrical performance.
- this EPS material according to the invention also enjoys great ease of implementation.
- the EPS is at least partially crosslinked.
- the invention relates to a process for preparing an EPS as described in the present description. This process essentially consists in:
- sub-blocks B of molar mass advantageously between 0.5 and 5 kg. mol 1 , and, better still, between 1 and 3 kg. mol 1 , and, on the other hand, at least one precursor of unsaturated segments, preferably alkenylated, this precursor preferably being a halo-alkene;
- step (ii) doping the products obtained in step (i) by mixing them with at least one electrolyte salt 1.2 in solution;
- At least one initiator preferably at least one photoinitiator and / or at least one thermoinitiator;
- step (iv) Optionally shaping the mixture obtained in step (ii);
- step (v) Optionally at least partial elimination of the solvent (s) present in the mixture, in particular that used for the electrolyte salt solution 1.2 of step (ii);
- cross-linking by actinic activation, in particular under UV, and / or by thermal activation at a temperature greater than or equal to (in ° C. and in an increasing order of preference): 60; 70; 80; 90; 100; ideally between 80 and 120 ° C;
- the invention in another of its aspects, relates to an electrochemical accumulator comprising at least one EPS as described in the present description.
- the invention in another of its aspects, relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device comprising at least one EPS as described in the present description.
- Solid Polymer EPS Electrolyte solid polymer material at room temperature (eg l0-40 ° C), to be distinguished by its self-supporting physical appearance which does not flow and without liquid exudation, from a gelled or liquid polymer material at room temperature.
- 'polymer homopolymer or copolymer.
- the EPS according to the invention is preferably at least partly crosslinked.
- the ABA 1.1 triblock copolymer may be the component involved in this crosslinking.
- the polymers of blocks A and / or the polymer of block B may be / may be / can carry at least two GR crosslinking groups per molecule, preferably a pendant group, said GR groups being capable of react between to form crosslinking bridges, preferably by thermally activated crosslinking and / or by actinic route, in particular under UV.
- the GR crosslinking groups can be chosen from the group comprising - ideally consisting of - monovalent radicals comprising at least one unsaturation, advantageously ethylenic and / or alkynilic.
- the GR crosslinking groups are carried by all or part of the recurring patterns of block B.
- each recurring motif of block B carries a pendant GR group.
- Actinic activation, in particular under UV, of the reaction between the GR groups for crosslinking is preferred.
- other modes of activation for example thermal activation.
- the POE block copolymers used in solid polymer electrolytes can be diblock copolymers A-B or triblock copolymers A-B-A.
- the linear diblock copolymer AB can advantageously correspond to the following general formula (I):
- nl corresponding to a number between 20 and 576, preferably between 20 and 400, and, more preferably still, between 30 and 80;
- the ABA linear triblock copolymer can advantageously correspond to the following general formula (I-bis):
- n ' corresponding to a number between 10 and 288, preferably between 10 and 200, and, more preferably still, between 15 and 40;
- m ' corresponding to a number between 350 and 684, preferably between 400 and 550, and, more preferably still, between 425 and 460.
- vitreous or semi-crystalline homopolymers capable of being prepared from a monomer chosen from styrene, o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, mt-butoxystyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 4-carboxystyrene, vinylanisole, vinylbenzoic acid, vinylaniline, vinylnaphthalene, 9-vinylanthracene, alkyl methacrylates from 1 to 10C, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, l acrylonitrile, isoprene, butadiene, acrylamides;
- random copolymers capable of being prepared from a monomer described above and from one or more other monomers chosen from 4-chloromethyl styrene, poly (ethylene glycol) (meth) acrylates, acrylates of 1 to 10 C alkyl, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid.
- Block A is preferably chosen for its solvating properties of the electrolyte salt. Its chemical nature can therefore depend on the electrolyte salt chosen, described in more detail later.
- the blocks A are polymers capable of being prepared from one or more monomers, chosen from:
- styrene and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: o-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, mt-butoxystyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 4-carboxystyrene, 4-chloromethylstyrene and combinations thereof;
- anisole and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: 4-vinylanisole, 3-vinylanisole, 2-vinylanisole;
- aniline and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: 4-vinylaniline, 3-vinylaniline;
- benzoic acid and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of:: 4-vinylbenzoic acid, 3-vinylbenzoic acid, 2-vinylbenzoic acid , 4- (2-propenyl) benzoic acid;
- naphthalene and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: 2-vinylnaphthalene, 1 -vinylnaphthalene;
- anthracene and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives being preferably selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: 9-vinylanthracene;
- pyridine and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: 4-vinylpyridine, 2-vinylpyridine;
- an acrylamide and its mono- or poly-substituted derivatives preferably being selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: acrylamide, acrylamide of N, N-dimethyl, acrylamide of N, N - diisopropyl
- acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, their salts and their mono- or poly-substituted derivatives being preferably selected from the group comprising - ideally consisting of: alkyl acrylates from 1 to 10C, methacrylates of 1 to 10C alkyl, acrylic acid, poly (ethylene glycol) (meth) acrylates.
- the block (s) A are polystyrenes.
- the molar mass of the block A is preferably between 2000 and 60,000 g / mol, preferably between 2000 and 41,600 g / mol, and more preferably still, between 3,100 and 8,300 g / mol.
- Block B is a polymer capable of being prepared from one or more alkylene glycol monomers (AG) chosen from ethylene oxide (OE), propylene oxide (OP), poly acrylates (ethylene glycol), (APEG), poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylates (MAPEG), and / or polyoxypropylene diamines, including in particular those marketed under the brand Jeffamines® diamines.
- AG alkylene glycol monomers
- the blocks B are chosen from blocks of poly (ethylene oxide) (POE), blocks of poly (propylene oxide) (POP) and blocks of random POE / POP copolymers.
- POE poly (ethylene oxide)
- POP poly (propylene oxide)
- POP random POE / POP copolymers
- block B comprises sub-blocks B with a molar mass of between 0.5 and 5 kg.mol 1 , and better still, between 1 and 3 kg.mol 1 .
- block B is a POE.
- the molar mass of block B is 20,000 g / mol.
- the proportion of the block (s) A of the copolymer can be between 10% and 75% by mass, preferably between 10% and 68% by mass, and even more preferably between 14 % and 30% by mass, relative to the total mass of the copolymer.
- the AB block copolymers comprise a first block formed by a poly (alkyl methacrylate) such as poly (lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA), poly (n-butyl methacrylate) (PnMBA), or poly (methyl methacrylate), and a second block formed by poly (polyethylene glycol methacrylate, 9 EO units) (PMAPEG).
- a poly (alkyl methacrylate) such as poly (lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA), poly (n-butyl methacrylate) (PnMBA), or poly (methyl methacrylate)
- PMAPEG poly (polyethylene glycol methacrylate, 9 EO units)
- one or more monomer, oligomer or silicone polymer segments can be distributed between the blocks A & B.
- This or these silicone segments can have a glass transition temperature strictly lower than that of blocks A and B free of silicone segment.
- the incorporation of one or more silicone segments makes it possible to increase the molecular dynamics of the copolymer.
- the ionic conduction of EPS according to the invention can be improved.
- These segments include one or more silicone units of formulas (II) and / or (III) below fi
- R1 R2 substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of:
- n corresponding to an integer preferably between 1 and 20.
- the electrolyte salt 1.2 is selected from the alkali metal salts, preferably from the following compounds: LiSCN, LiN (CN) 2 , LiC10 4 , L1BF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , L1CF 3 SO 3 , Li (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N, Li (CF 3 S0 2 ) 3 C, LiN (S0 2 C 2 Fs) 2 , LiN (S0 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiN (S0 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 , lithium alkylfluorophosphates, lithium oxalatoborate, lithium bis (chelato) borates having at least one 5- to 7-membered ring, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfoneimide) (LiTFSI), LiPF 3 (C 2 F 5 ) 3 , LiPF 3 (CF 3 ) 3 , LiB (C 2 0 4 ) 2 , LiPF 6 , LiSb
- Lithium salts are particularly preferred.
- the electrolyte salt 1.2 according to the invention may contain an inorganic filler consisting, for example, of ceramic particles, for example A1 2 C> 3 , Ti0 2 , and / or Si0 2 .
- the size of these particles is advantageously less than or equal to 5 nm.
- the latter has a ratio [M B / M I.2 ] of the number of moles M B of the constituent monomer (s) of block B, on the number of moles M i 2 of the electrolyte salt 1.2, such that -in an increasing order of preference-: 5 ⁇ [M B / M I.2 ] ⁇ 50; 8 ⁇ [M b / M ⁇ ] ⁇ 40; 10 ⁇ [M b / M ⁇ ] ⁇ 35; £ 12 [M b / M ⁇ ] ⁇ 30.
- the block B consisting of ethylene oxide monomer OE and / or the electrolyte salt 1.2 is a lithium salt: 14 ⁇ [M B / M I.2 ] ⁇ 28. 3 - I lgstiQgnt
- the EPS according to the invention is plasticized by means of the plasticizer 1.3. Unlike the EPS preparation solvents, which are generally eliminated during the performance of the EPS, for example by evaporation, the plasticizer is here intended to remain in the EPS. In the context of the present invention, a distinction is made between the preparation solvents, designated "solvent", and the plasticizer.
- the plasticizer has the particular role of lowering the glass transition temperature of block B in EPS. Thus, good ionic conductivity of EPS at low temperature can be obtained.
- the plasticizer is chosen in particular for its electrochemical stability under the conditions of use of the EPS according to the invention.
- the plasticizer 1.3 is preferably chosen from polar solvents, preferably from those of molar mass less than or equal to 1000 g / mol or better still to 500 g / mol, and, more preferably from the group comprising -ideally composed of - ethers, in particular alkylene glycols, and, more specifically tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TrEGDME) diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME), triethylene glycol dibutyl ether (TEGDBE), Dipropylene glycol dimethyl DPGDME);
- polar solvents preferably from those of molar mass less than or equal to 1000 g / mol or better still to 500 g / mol, and, more preferably from the group comprising -ideally composed of - ethers, in particular alkylene glycols, and, more specifically tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (Tr
- carbonates in particular linear carbonates such as dimethylcarbonate (DMC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC) and cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), vinylene carbonate (VC), propylene carbonate (PC), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC);
- DMC dimethylcarbonate
- EMC ethylmethylcarbonate
- DEC diethylcarbonate
- cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), vinylene carbonate (VC), propylene carbonate (PC), and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC);
- lactones and in particular g-butyrolactone
- the plasticizer 1.3 can be chosen from the group comprising - ideally composed of - ethers, in particular alkylene glycols, and, more specifically tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TrEGDME) diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME), triethylene glycol dibutyl ether (TEGDBE), Dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether (DPGDME); carbonates, in particular linear carbonates such as dimethylcarbonate (DMC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC) and cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), vinylene carbonate (VC), and propylene carbonate (PC); nitriles and in particular succinonitrile;
- TEGDME tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- TrEGDME triethylene glycol dimethyl ether
- DEGDME triethylene glycol dibutyl ether
- DPGDME Dipropylene
- lactones and in particular g-butyrolactone
- the concentration of plasticizer 1.3 is less than or equal to - in% by dry weight relative to the total mass of EPS [comprising at least 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3] and according to a ascending order of preference - 45; 40; 35; 30 ; This concentration being more preferably still between 10% and 40% by dry weight, or even between 10 and 32% by dry weight, even between 15% excluded and 40% included by dry weight, preferably between 15 and 30% by weight dry.
- this limited amount of plasticizer 1.3 goes hand in hand with a high electrical conductivity, at least greater than or equal to the electrical conductivity of the EPS of the prior art.
- this limited amount of plasticizer 1.3 makes it possible to obtain an EPS with good mechanical strength at room temperature, compared to EPS comprising a proportion of plasticizer greater than 50%, or even greater than 70%, by mass relative to the total mass of EPS.
- the EPS according to the invention also comprises, at least in the trace state, markers of its preparation process, and in particular of the diblock or triblock polymer.
- the EPS according to the invention comprises, in a particular embodiment of the invention linked to the preparation of EPS:
- thermal initiator preferably chosen from the group comprising - ideally composed of the following products - peroxides, hydroperoxides, nitriles and their mixtures, and, more preferably still, in the group comprising - ideally composed of the following products - benzoyl peroxide, cumyl peroxide and mixtures thereof;
- photochemical initiator preferably chosen from phenyl ketones and their mixtures, 2-Hydroxy-4 '- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methylpropiophenone being particularly preferred.
- the material according to the invention is distinguished by nanostructuring with polymer domains formed by blocks B (eg modified POE), seat of ionic conductivity and polymer domains formed by blocks A (PS), providing mechanical reinforcement.
- This nanostructuring is a key element, among others, for blocking the formation of metal dendrites, in particular of lithium.
- the EPS characterized by this nano-separation can thus comprise a phase comprising the blocks A and at least one phase comprising the block B (eg of modified POE), with a period substantially between 20.5 nm and 41 nm, the period corresponding here to the average total size of the set formed by a block A and a block B.
- a phase comprising the blocks A and at least one phase comprising the block B (eg of modified POE), with a period substantially between 20.5 nm and 41 nm, the period corresponding here to the average total size of the set formed by a block A and a block B.
- the nano-separation obtained is preferably according to a cylindrical or gyroid morphology which makes it possible to minimize the tortuosity of the conductive domains and thus to achieve a higher conductivity.
- This morphology can in particular depend on the volume fraction of blocks A and B.
- the volume fraction of block A can be between 15% and 40%, preferably between 15% and 35%, even more preferably between 20% and 30%, based on the total volume of the copolymer.
- the chemical modification of POE by providing unsaturations, allows the crosslinking of the material which, on the one hand, freezes the nanostructuring, and, on the other hand, allows the absorption of the plasticizer 1.3 , and this with good mechanical strength of the EPS material.
- Another quality of the EPS material according to the invention is that the block B and the plasticizer 1.3 form a homogeneous mixture. B and 1.3 are not subject to any phase separation, phase shift or exudation, under the usual conditions of use.
- one of the major interests of the EPS material according to the invention is to present an excellent compromise between ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, at temperatures below 80 ° C., for example of the order of 40 ° C., or even at ambient temperatures below 40 ° C.
- this material is characterized by an ionic conductivity at 40 ° C greater than or equal to 1.10 4 , preferably to 3.10 4 , and, more preferably still to 4.10 4 , or even 4.6 ⁇ 0.5 * 10 4 ; and by a Young's modulus (in MPa, at 40 ° C., and for a mass% of block B comprised 10 and 40% in the triblock ABA 1.1) greater than or equal to 0.05, preferably 0.1, and , more preferably still at 0.30.
- a Young's modulus in MPa, at 40 ° C., and for a mass% of block B comprised 10 and 40% in the triblock ABA 1.1
- the preparation of the EPS according to the invention involves a synthesis of the AB diblock or ABA triblock copolymers, with modification of the copolymers by the introduction of crosslinking functional groups.
- This step (i) preferably comprises the following sub-steps:
- Block B can be modified by introducing an unsaturated function, for example isobutenes, by polycondensation, distributed in a homogeneous manner, throughout the POE chain.
- unsaturated function for example isobutenes
- an ABA triblock can be synthesized, with A: poly (4-methylstyrene) and B: POE.
- A poly (4-methylstyrene)
- B POE.
- the chemical structure of the copolymer before crosslinking on the double bonds is then the following - formula (V) -:
- a triblock can be synthesized at ABA, with A: polystyrene and B: poly (oxypropylene).
- A polystyrene
- B poly (oxypropylene).
- the chemical structure of the copolymer before crosslinking on the double bonds is then the following - formula (VI) -:
- a triblock is synthesized at ABA, with A: polystyrene and B: POE.
- the POE is modified by the introduction of an unsaturated function, for example isobutenes, by polycondensation, distributed homogeneously, throughout the POE chain.
- the PEGx blocks are obtained by polycondensation between oligomers of POE, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3-chloro-2- (chloromethyl) -l-propene. They are denoted PEGx with x the molar mass, in kg.mol 1 , of the condensed PEG.
- the electrolyte salt 1.2 is at least partly dissolved in at least one solvent, designated equivalently as preparation solvent, preferably chosen from polar solvents, and, more preferably still in the group, comprising - ideally consisting of - the following compounds: substituted ethers, substituted amines, substituted amides, substituted alkyls, substituted PEGs, alkyl carbonates, nitriles, boranes and lactones, and mixtures thereof; tetrahydrofuran, methyl-ethyl-ketone, acetonitrile, ethanol, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, acetonitrile taken alone or as mixtures thereof, being particularly preferred.
- solvent designated equivalently as preparation solvent, preferably chosen from polar solvents, and, more preferably still in the group, comprising - ideally consisting of - the following compounds: substituted ethers, substituted amines, substituted amides, substituted alkyls, substituted PEGs, alky
- the materials obtained PS-PEG X -PS are doped [step (ii)] with at least one electrolyte salt 1.2, for example a salt of LiTFSI and are added [step (iii)] d 'at least one photoinitiator (for example hydroxy-4' - (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methylpropiophenone) and / or at least one thermoinitiator (for example benzoyl peroxide).
- at least one electrolyte salt 1.2 for example a salt of LiTFSI
- d 'at least one photoinitiator for example hydroxy-4' - (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methylpropiophenone
- thermoinitiator for example benzoyl peroxide
- This addition of initiator is carried out at 0.1 to 6% by weight, for example 2% by weight, relative to the total mixture PS-PEG x -PS / salt 1.2 / initiator.
- This addition is advantageously carried out by dissolving in a solvent, designated equivalently as the preparation solvent, eg in a dichloromethane / acetonitrile solution.
- the mixture of stage (iii) [namely PS-PEG x -PS / salt 1.2 / initiator / solvent] comprises from 10 to 45% by weight of solvent, for 90 at 55% by weight of ABA or AB block copolymer, preferably from 15 to 30% by weight of solvent, for 85 to 70% by weight of ABA or AB block copolymer.
- the modified AB or ABA are shaped, for example transformed into mass objects or into films, membranes, or sheets with a thickness of for example between 10 and 200 microns.
- this shaping consists in pouring the solution onto an appropriate support / container.
- This shaping is accompanied by a transition from the liquid state to the solid state, preferably by elimination of solvent (s), designated equivalently preparation solvent (s).
- the amount of electrolyte salt 1.2 in the solution is adjusted to produce at the end of the optional step (iv), a solid form of EPS whose ratio [M B / M I.2 ] is as defined above.
- Crosslinking consolidates the shaping and nanostructuring of the material.
- the crosslinked objects, in particular the films, in step (v) are plasticized with the plasticizer 1.3, for example Tetraethylene-glycol-dimethyl-ether (TEGDME).
- TEGDME Tetraethylene-glycol-dimethyl-ether
- the invention aims:
- An electrode for an electrochemical device comprising at least one EPS according to the invention or obtained by the method according to the invention.
- An electrochemical cell and an accumulator comprising an electrolyte and electrodes, at least one of which preferably comprises metallic lithium and of which at least one other preferably contains at least one lithium insertion compound, in which less an EPS according to the invention or obtained by the method according to the invention, is present in the electrolyte and / or in at least one of the electrodes.
- FIG. 2A shows curves of evolution of the glass transition temperature Tg with the mass% of PS in the block copolymer electrolytes, prepared according to example 1: non-crosslinked, crosslinked (thermal and photochemical activation) and crosslinked / plasticized.
- FIG. 2B shows curves of evolution of the glass transition temperature Tf with the mass% of PS in the block copolymer electrolytes, prepared according to the example: non-crosslinked, crosslinked (thermal and photochemical activation) and crosslinked / plasticized.
- FIG. 3 is a curve showing the variation of the ionic conductivity (S / cm) as a function of the ratio 1000 / T in 10 3 K _1 , for EPS according to the invention prepared according to the procedure of Example 1 and EPS witnesses.
- FIG. 4 shows curves of the Young's modulus in MPa as a function of the mass% of PS in the block copolymer electrolytes, prepared according to example 1: non-crosslinked, crosslinked (thermal and photochemical) and crosslinked / plasticized.
- FIG. 5 shows a curve giving evolution of the voltage (V) obtained at 40 ° C. in a symmetrical electrochemical cell comprising an EPS according to Example 1: plasticized Li / BCP / Li, as a function of time in hours subjected to a density 0.2mA / cm 2 current .
- Figure 6 shows discharge curves of an accumulator: Positive plasticized electrode based on LiFePCfi and made up - in% by weight, of 58% LiFePCL, 22.25% Polyethylene glycol (PEG), 12% Polyvinylidene fluoride, 5.1% LiTFSI, 2.65%, Carbon Black with a grammage of 0.89 mAh / cm 2 coated on an aluminum collector treated with carbon / BCP at 22.
- FIG. 7 shows curves of discharge capacity in mAh / g of active materials and coulombic efficiency in%, as a function of the number of cycles (the discharge regimes are explained on the curve), of the battery of the example 3.
- Figure 8 shows a comparison of power performance, ie the discharge capacity normalized by the nominal capacity (C / Co) as a function of the discharge regime (C / n), of the 40 ° C copolymer electrolytes used in the cell. of Example 3, with those obtained by state-of-the-art technology consisting of a homo-POE-based composite electrode and a homo-PEO-based electrolyte in a rigid polymer matrix such as PVdF at 80 ° C.
- FIG. 9 shows curves of discharge capacity in mAh / g and coulombic efficiency in% as a function of the discharge regime (C / n), of the accumulator of Example 4.
- FIG. 10 shows curves of discharge capacity in mAh / g and coulombic efficiency in%, as a function of the discharge regime, of the accumulator of Example 5.
- FIG. 11 shows a comparison of the performance in terms of power, ie the discharge capacity normalized by the nominal capacity (C / Co) as a function of the discharge regime (C / n), of the copolymer electrolytes at 40 ° C. used in the accumulator of Example 5, with those obtained by state-of-the-art technology at 80 ° C.
- FIG. 12A is an exploded perspective view of a button cell used in Example 3 to test the EPS according to the invention.
- Figure 12B is a detailed front view of the accumulator included in the button cell of Figure 12A.
- Figures 13A, 13B & 13C are front views of the lithium metal polymer battery used in Example 5.
- Example 1 Preparation of films of EPS copolymer electrolyte 1.1 containing PS-POE blocksteil conshowim, ⁇ .- PS loaded with a lithium salt LiTFSI 1.2, crosslinked and plasticized with plasticizer 1.3 TEGDME (T etraethylene glycol-dimethyl -ether)
- This EPS is nanostructured with domains of modified POE providing ionic conductivity and domains of PS mechanical reinforcement. Nanostructuring is an important aspect for blocking lithium dendrites.
- the modification of the POE allows its crosslinking thus freezing the nanostructure. It also allows the polymer to absorb plasticizer without significant loss of mechanical strength.
- This EPS has a very good ionic conductivity at 40 ° C with 4.6 ⁇ 0.5xl0 4 S / cm, good mechanical strength (favorable to blocking of dendrites). It makes it possible to manufacture composite electrodes based on POE and LiFePO i, plasticized or not, at high grammages (0.89 and 1.49 mAh / cm 2 ). These electrodes used in LMP accumulators assembled in button cell.
- the performance of these accumulators at 40 ° C is greater than or equal (depending on the positive electrode) to that of accumulators available on the market whose operating temperature is 80 ° C, i.e. a gain of more than 40 ° C in performance equal or greater.
- the advantage of this EPS technology according to the invention is the fundamental gain in safety compared to lithium ion batteries using liquid electrolytes with high saturated vapor pressure and very flammable.
- the amount of plasticizer is here very low (ie 22.9 ⁇ 1.2% TEGDME) by weight while having a conductivity greater than or equal to the state of the art.
- POE is modified by the introduction of an iso-butene function by polycondensation, distributed homogeneously, throughout the POE chain.
- PEGx blocks are obtained by polycondensation between POE oligomers, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3-chloro-2- (chloromethyl) -l-propene. They are denoted PEGx with x the molar mass, in kg.mol 1 , of the PEG used. The propene / PEG ratio is fixed at 0.94 in order to obtain POEs modified with the hydroxyl ends. This synthesis is carried out with PEGs of 1.5 kg.mol 1 (PEG I 5 ) and 2 kg.mol 1 (PEG2) leading to polymers having crosslinkable double bonds (isobutene) distributed in a controlled manner throughout the chain (every 34 or 45 OE motifs respectively).
- a solution containing PEGi .5- diacrylate (7g), MAMA-SG1 (1.48 g) and 50 mL of ethanol is introduced into a two-necked flask equipped with a condenser and a septum.
- the solution is degassed by bubbling argon for 30 min then heated to reflux using a hot plate and an oil bath for 4 h.
- the polymer is then precipitated in cold ether.
- PEG I.5 - (MAMA-SG1) 2 in the form of a white solid is recovered after filtration and drying under vacuum at room temperature.
- the triblock copolymer SEG I.5 S_75 is prepared as follows: 1.2 g of PEG I.5 - (MAMA-SG1) 2 as well as 0.7 g of styrene and 2 g of ethylbenzene are introduced into a three-necked flask fitted with a refrigerant, a temperature probe and a septum. The mixture is degassed by bubbling argon for 20 min. The polymerization is then carried out under an argon atmosphere at 120 ° C. for 5 h. The copolymer is purified by precipitation in cold ether. After drying, the SEG I.5 S_75 triblock copolymer is a white solid.
- PS / PEGx compositions are produced by following the same protocol and by modifying the ratio PEGi .5 - (MAMA-SGl) 2 / styrene.
- the materials obtained PS-PEG X -PS 1.1 are doped with salt 1.2 of LiTFSI with also 2% by weight in thermal initiator (benzoyl peroxide) by dissolution in a solution of dichloromethane / acetonitrile, with the quantity of salt suitable for produce after pouring the solution and evaporation of the solvent, designated equivalently the preparation solvent, a film with EO / Li of 25 (number of moles of ethylene oxide monomer out of the number of moles of salt 1.2 LiTFSI).
- the PS-PEG X -PS 1.1 copolymers are doped with salt 1.2 of LiTFSI with also 3% by weight of UV photoinitiator (benzoyl peroxide) by dissolution in a solution of dichloromethane / acetonitrile, with the amount of salt suitable for producing, after pouring the solution and evaporation of the solvent, designated equivalently as preparation solvent, an EO / Li film of 25 (number of moles of ethylene oxide monomer out of the number of moles of salt 1.2 LiTFSI).
- UV photoinitiator benzoyl peroxide
- EPS “XT” unplasticized EPS crosslinked under thermal activation obtained as described in Example 1.
- EPS “XUV” EPS “XT”: unplasticized EPS crosslinked under UV activation obtained as described in Example 1.
- Example 2 Characterization of the EPS films of Example 1
- XT is the unplasticized EPS crosslinked under thermal activation obtained as described in Example 1. 2.: Temperature . of transition . sharp Tg / temperature of . Tf fusion
- Tg, Tf for the conductive phase
- POE conductive phase
- DSC DSC3 Mettler -Toledo, at 10 ° C / min between -100 ° C and 130 ° C
- FIGS. 2A & 2B which relate respectively to the Tg and the Tf of films obtained in accordance with Example 1 having different% by weight of block B in the copolymer 1.1 ABA.
- the conductivity is calculated by the following formula:
- R ei is the resistance of the electrolyte determined at high frequency by impedance spectroscopy on a symmetrical Li / EPS / Li cell.
- the temperature is fixed by means of a climatic chamber between 10 and 80 ° C.
- the 1.3 TEGDME plasticizer-free copolymers have a conductivity of 8.10 5 S / cm at 40 ° C, which is too low for use in batteries, especially at high speed and high grammage of the positive electrode (> 0.8mAh / cm 2 ). Laminating with a small amount of TEGDME achieves a conductivity an order of magnitude greater 4.6 ⁇ 0.5 * 10 4 S / cm, without compromising the mechanical stability of the EPS material.
- the Young's module is deduced from stress vs elongation tensile curves obtained using a dynamic mechanical analyzer called "Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer” DMA Q800, sold by the company TA Instruments, at 40 ° C., under an air sweep dry.
- the addition of plasticizer decreases the mechanical properties as expected, however a very good compromise between conductivity and mechanical strength is obtained at 40 ° C. for the plasticized materials according to the invention.
- electrochemical cells comprising an EPS according to the invention: Li / EPS / Li, were assembled in a button cell.
- a characteristic constant current density of 18 () pA / cm 2 is used to move all of the lithium from one electrode to the other.
- a duration of 56 hours was expected theoretically.
- Figure 5 shows that it was necessary to wait 56 hours before the potential divergence indicating that the cell was not short-circuited before all the lithium was moved.
- Example 3 EPS tests according to the invention in a lithium metal polymer accumulator
- Electrolyte thickness 26 ⁇ m
- Composite cathode, EPS and lithium disks are cut to diameters 8, 12 and 10 mm, respectively.
- the lithium and EPS discs are laminated at 80 ° C to ensure good Li / EPS contacts, then finally the composite cathode is laminated on the Li / EPS assembly.
- the Li / EPS / Cathode sandwich is assembled between two stainless steel calluses. A spring is placed on the upper stainless steel block and the assembly is crimped in a button cell. The internal pressure on the electrochemical cell is around 1.5 bars.
- This button cell is referenced -1 - in the diagrams of FIGS. 12A & 12B. It comprises a cup -2-, an electrochemical accumulator circular -3- sandwiched between the wedge st - 4- lower stainless steel (I. disc) and a 2 nd wedge -4- upper stainless steel (2 nd disk). A spring -5- is disposed between this 2 nd shim / disc -4- and a cover -6- As appears more particularly in FIG. 12B, the electrochemical accumulator -3- is constituted by a multilayer Li-33- / EPS-32- / composite cathode -31- coated on the surface of a carbon-coated aluminum collector. This multilayer rests on the 1st hold -4- lower in stainless steel.
- the power performance at 40 ° C. is illustrated in FIG. 8: either the discharge capacity normalized by the nominal capacity (C / Co) as a function of the discharge regime (C / n), of the copolymer electrolytes at 40 ° C used in the cell of Example 3, with those obtained by state-of-the-art technology consisting of a homo-POE-based composite electrode and a homo--based electrolyte PEO in a rigid polymer matrix such as PVdF at 80 ° C.
- Example 4 EPS tests according to the invention in a lithium metal polymer (LMP) accumulator
- This example relates to a copolymer electrolyte containing 30% by weight of PS, but still plasticized to 22.9 ⁇ 1.2% by weight of (1.2) TEGDME. Besides the slightly different PS content, the main difference is the thickness of the electrolyte film which here is 100 micrometers, almost 4 times higher than in the previous example. For the rest, the assembly, the negative and positive electrodes are identical.
- Figure 9 shows the cyclability obtained at 40 ° C over 50 cycles. Note in particular the very good stability (reversibility) of the restored capacity (80% of the nominal capacity) for relatively rapid speeds, with a charge at C / 5 and a discharge at C / 3. Again, the faradic yield is very close to 1 (99.2% at C / 8) and shows the very good reversibility of these systems. These results therefore confirm the advantage of EPS according to the invention for LMP technology at 40 ° C.
- Figures 13 A, 13 B & 13C show the lithium metal polymer battery used in this example.
- the EPS films -9- of Example 1 with a thickness of 37 ⁇ m, are laminated at low pressure at room temperature between a lithium sheet -10- and the composite cathode -11- coated on a part treated with carbon -l2t- of the aluminum current collector -12-
- the active surface - 13- is defined by the surface of the cathode material.
- a copper conductor wire -l4c- is connected to lithium -10- and an aluminum conductor wire -l4a- is connected to the cathode -11- via the current collector -12-
- This sandwich structure is then heat sealed in a vacuum sachet of aluminized polyethylene 15, from which the collecting wires exit to carry out the electrochemical tests.
- the cathode is composed of 74% by mass of LiFeP04, 0.5% by mass of Ketjenblack carbon black (EC600-jd, AkzoNobel), 20.1% by mass of co-P (OE) - (OB) (ICPSEB , 115,000 g / mol, Nippon shokubai) and 5.4% by mass of LiTFSI.
- the grammage is 1.49mAh / cm 2 .
- the accumulator is manufactured from a cathode standard intended to operate at 80 ° C.
- the cathode will be partially plasticized by the TEGDME contained in the plasticized electrolyte. This means that part of the TEGDME from the EPS diffuses inside the cathode and plasticizes the PEO-based binder of this cathode until the equilibrium is reached between the quantity of TEGDME in the electrolyte. of the cathode, on the one hand, and in the EPS, on the other hand.
- the electrolyte chosen is the same as that of Example 1.
- the thickness is however greater (37 ⁇ m vs. 26 ⁇ m for the cell with a plasticized cathode) in order to limit the impact of the loss of plasticizer on the conductivity of the electrolyte.
- FIG. 10 represents the “cyclability” curve over 57 cycles obtained at 40 ° C. and at different discharge regimes.
- the initial drop in capacity associated with a yield of 95% is due to the gelation of the cathode and therefore to the balancing of the plasticizer between the electrolyte and the cathode.
- the reversibility is excellent and the yield tends to 1 (value 0.997 A C / 10).
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1855580A FR3083006A1 (fr) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Electrolyte polymere solide, son procede de preparation et accumulateur/cellule electrochimique en comprenant |
| PCT/EP2019/066376 WO2019243519A1 (fr) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-06-20 | Électrolyte polymere solide, son procede de preparation et accumulateur/cellule electrochimique en comprenant |
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| EP3811445A1 true EP3811445A1 (fr) | 2021-04-28 |
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| EP19734015.1A Withdrawn EP3811445A1 (fr) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-06-20 | Électrolyte polymere solide, son procede de preparation et accumulateur/cellule electrochimique en comprenant |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20210288350A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3811445A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3083006A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019243519A1 (fr) |
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| US12512510B2 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2025-12-30 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Gel composite electrolyte membrane for lithium metal batteries |
| CN116130753A (zh) * | 2021-11-13 | 2023-05-16 | 南方科技大学 | 聚合物固态电解质及其制备和固态锂电池 |
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| KR100399785B1 (ko) * | 2001-04-07 | 2003-09-29 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 겔형 고분자 전해질을 포함하는 권취형 리튬 2차 전지용세퍼레이터 및 그 제조방법 |
| FR2899235B1 (fr) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-10-05 | Arkema | Electrolytes polymeres solides a base de copolymeres triblocs notamment polystyrene-poly(oxyethylene)-polystyrene |
| WO2007142731A2 (fr) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-12-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Électrolytes polymères à haut module élastique |
| EP2688133B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-19 | 2015-03-25 | CIC Energigune | Électrolyte hybride |
| US9917287B2 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2018-03-13 | Zeon Corporation | Secondary-battery porous membrane composition, secondary-battery porous membrane and secondary battery |
| CN106133954B (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-06-19 | 株式会社吴羽 | 全固态电池用负极电极的制备方法以及全固态电池用负极电极 |
| US10361456B2 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2019-07-23 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte, method of preparing the electrolyte, and secondary battery including the electrolyte |
| KR20180005173A (ko) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-01-15 | 시오 인코퍼레이티드 | 리튬 배터리를 위한 전해질로서의 peo 및 플루오르화 중합체의 공중합체 |
| EP3320573A1 (fr) * | 2015-07-09 | 2018-05-16 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Électrolyte en polymère solide |
| US20170110714A1 (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2017-04-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Electrochemical deposition of refined lithium metal from polymer electrolytes |
| US10854919B2 (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-12-01 | Blue Solutions Canada Inc. | Block copolymer electrolyte for lithium batteries |
| PL3787074T3 (pl) * | 2018-05-25 | 2025-08-04 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Cząstki złożone dla materiału aktywnego elektrody ujemnej i elektroda ujemna dla akumulatora typu całkowicie stałego zawierającego te cząstki |
| US11394056B2 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2022-07-19 | Solid State Battery Incorporated | Composite solid polymer electrolytes for energy storage devices |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 FR FR1855580A patent/FR3083006A1/fr active Pending
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- 2019-06-20 EP EP19734015.1A patent/EP3811445A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-06-20 US US17/254,664 patent/US20210288350A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-06-20 WO PCT/EP2019/066376 patent/WO2019243519A1/fr not_active Ceased
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| US20210288350A1 (en) | 2021-09-16 |
| WO2019243519A1 (fr) | 2019-12-26 |
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