Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
  • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
  • E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
  • E02B7/40—Swinging or turning gates
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
  • Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to methods and installations for fighting floods related to the flooding of a watercourse.
• this solution may however prove to be ineffective in the event of heavy and long rains; moreover, this solution becomes ineffective as soon as the water level caused by the flood becomes higher than the crest of the dam; there is then a risk of rupture of this structure which can cause damage greater than that of the flood;
• Application FR 2560244 A1 describes a method and an installation making it possible to limit the flooding of a watercourse. This process consists of pumping part of the flow of the watercourse in the event of a flood in a dry diversion in normal times and which can be used for other purposes, such as a road or rail tunnel. This process requires the construction of expensive infrastructures.
• Application EP 2888413 A1 describes a method of combating a flood caused by a tidal wave, in which the water is pumped to be stored in reservoirs.
• the invention achieves this objective thanks to a facility for combating floods related to the flooding of a watercourse, comprising:
• an acceleration station preferably located under the movable barrier, arranged to pump water through or under the movable dam, from upstream of the movable dam to downstream when the latter is in the active configuration, so increase the slope of the water stream upstream of the dam and increase the flow.
• the flow of a watercourse corresponds to the average speed V of water over a section S considered, divided by the area of the section.
• the average speed V is linked to the slope of the flow i by the following relationship:
• V K fWi
• K is a constant and R corresponds to the ratio of the section to the perimeter of this section.
• the mobility of the dam of the installation according to the invention makes it possible to fight against flooding without unduly affecting the flow of the watercourse when it is not necessary to fight against the flood; in particular, the latter can remain navigable; the invention also makes it possible to minimize the impact on fish life and sediments
• the acceleration station may include at least one pumping group, in particular of the bulb type.
• the unit can operate by pumping and therefore pump water upstream of the dam downstream.
• the group can have a power greater than 5MW, ranging in particular from 5MW to 15MW, for example of the order of 10MW, an average flow greater than 200 m 3 / s, in particular between 200 and 400 m 3 / s, for example of the order of 260 m 3 / s, and a diameter greater than 3 m, in particular between 3 and 8 m, by example of the order of 5 m.
• the acceleration station may have at least one screen at the entrance to the acceleration station, before the water intake.
• the screen protects the installation against the inadvertent arrival of large floating objects and / or large particles which could affect pumping efficiency. It preferably retains particles whose dimensions are greater than 50mm.
• the accelerator station can be buried in the stream bed. Thus, it does not disturb or very little the flow of water, and the impact on the environment is limited, since the banks do not have to be dug to accommodate the installation.
• the acceleration station may rest on foundations anchored in the bed of the watercourse and the mobile barrier may be supported by the foundations of the acceleration station and / or by the latter or otherwise.
• the foundations can thus serve both as a support for the acceleration station and for the mobile barrier.
• foundations may include a general raft resting on piles, especially in concrete.
• the accelerator station can have a pumping capacity of at least 105% of the capacity of the unequipped watercourse.
• the acceleration station can have a pumping capacity of at least 200 m 3 / s, better still a pumping capacity of at least 250 m 3 / s.
• the accelerator station may take water at least 0.5 m from the upstream water level, for example at least 3m from the upstream water level. This intake takes place at a depth that allows it to remain submerged despite the drop in level caused by pumping.
• the installation can advantageously include means for detecting the level of the watercourse upstream of the mobile dam and the pumping power can be adjusted in real time as a function of at least the level detected.
• the mobile barrier can be permanently present on the site and take either a retracted configuration or an active configuration forming a barrier. In the retracted configuration, the dam may not hinder the navigability of the watercourse.
• the mobile barrier may include at least one of the following elements: - valves which are lowered to let the water pass,
• the movable boom can be transportable so that it can be put in place when the accelerator station is to be used, and then removed.
• the movable boom comprises for example at least one inflatable tube.
• the installation according to the invention may include structures submerged or buried in the bed of the watercourse, such as foundations for example, not obstructing navigation in the absence of use of the acceleration station , and which make it possible to keep in place one or more pumping groups of the acceleration station, submerged when the acceleration station is to be used.
• the acceleration station can be arranged to be transportable by waterway.
• the installation may include at least one bajoyer wall arranged to allow the mobile barrier and / or the acceleration station to be secured there.
• the bajoyer wall (s) may be made of concrete or in any other form, for example comprising metal sheet piles.
• the bajoyer wall or walls may be integral with a raft or independent.
• the invention also relates to a method for combating a risk of flooding linked to the flooding of a watercourse, in particular by using an installation according to the invention as defined above, in which one sets up on the watercourse a mobile dam and the water is pumped using an acceleration station with a sufficient flow to lower the level of the water line upstream of the mobile dam.
• Pumping can be carried out through or under the movable boom, that is to say that when viewed from above, the water which is pumped passes under the movable boom and / or through at least one opening of the latter. provided for this purpose.
• the acceleration station can be permanently present on site, in particular by being completely submerged and / or buried in the bed of the watercourse.
• the pumping station is preferably completely submerged.
• the acceleration station can also be brought to the site at the time of its use, and can include one or more pumps which are submerged and maintained in place by foundations already existing on the site and / or using at least one bajoyer wall. This can facilitate the maintenance of the installation, and make it possible not to hinder the navigability of the watercourse when the installation does not have to be used.
• the mobile dam can be permanently present on site, in particular by being completely submerged when inactive, in a configuration where it does not even or very little impede the flow of water. It therefore does not create a significant reduction in the section of the watercourse when it is in the inactive state.
• the movable boom can in particular be submerged to a depth of at least 0.5 m, for example to a depth of at least 3 m when not in use, so as not to hinder river circulation on the surface.
• the mobile barrier can also be brought to the site at the time of its use, for example at the same time as the acceleration station, this supply taking place for example by inland waterway.
• the movable barrier can then be secured to at least one pre-existing bajoyer wall, or to any other pre-existing stowage structure.
• the mobile dam can also be ballasted and / or stowed at the bottom of the watercourse.
• Pumping by the accelerator station can lower the water line by at least 0.5m, better by at least 1m, even better by at least 3m, compared to the initial level before pumping .
• the value chosen may depend on the flow rate, the topography of the watercourse, and the pumping capacity installed. It can be greater than 3 m.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a flood control installation according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is an example of a pumping group according to the invention
• FIG. 3 is a top view of a variant installation for fighting against floods
• - Figures 4A, 4B, 4C illustrate a view from above of the installation of the installation of Figure 3.
• FIG. 1 An example of installation 1 for flood control according to the invention, equipping a watercourse E.
• This installation 1 comprises an acceleration station 11 which is buried in the bed of the watercourse and rests for example on concrete foundations 13. Thus, the acceleration station disturbs little or no the flow of water outside the phases when it is put into service.
• the installation 1 also includes a mobile dam 17.
• the immersion depth p of the acceleration station 11 is preferably chosen so as to allow the navigability of the watercourse in the absence of the mobile dam 17 or when that -ci is inactive and installation 1 is not used.
• the immersion depth p is at least 3m from the free surface of the watercourse.
• the acceleration station 11 can be held in place in various ways, for example, as illustrated, using foundations 13.
• the acceleration station 11 comprises at least one pumping group which makes it possible to pump, during the operation of the installation, the water from the upstream of the dam 17 downstream, to lower the water level upstream of a height AH.
• the acceleration station 11 can include any pumping group adapted to the desired flow.
• Such a group comprises a propeller turbine 19 and a motor 21, installed inside a sealed casing 23 in the shape of a bulb, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
• a screen 18 can be placed in front of the water intake in order to protect the installation against the untimely arrival of large floating objects and / or large particles which could affect the efficiency of pumping or turbines.
• the mobile dam 17 may be permanently present on the site, and arranged to take either an inactive configuration which does not hinder excessively the navigability of the watercourse or the flow of water, or an active configuration forming a barrier to flow, as shown in Figure 1.
• the movable barrier 17 may comprise at least one barrier element which can be moved between two positions, one retracted and the other deployed. In the retracted configuration, the mobile barrier is fully submerged to a depth sufficient to not not obstruct the navigability of the watercourse and preferably not hinder the flow of water beyond measure.
• the movable barrier is for example of the "valve barrier” type, comprising flaps, called “valves”, which pivot at their base and can be raised to obstruct the flow.
• the dam 17 has been shown diagrammatically, because the invention is not limited to a particular type of mobile dam.
• the width of the movable barrier l7 can range from 100 m to 400 m or more, being for example of the order of l 30 m.
• the dam 17 In the event of a proven or potential flood, the dam 17 is brought into the active position and obstructs the circulation of water.
• the accelerator station 11 is started to pump water from upstream to downstream with a flow rate greater than that of the watercourse before the installation of the dam and the start of pumping.
• the acceleration station 11 may in particular have a pumping capacity of at least 105% of the capacity of the unequipped watercourse. This results in a drop in the HA level of the upstream stream, which increases the slope and accelerates the upstream stream, thereby reducing the risk of flooding or limiting its impact.
• a set point AH 0 or any other related quantity can be entered automatically or by an operator, and the pumping power can be adjusted so as to maintain the drop in level at the set value.
• This operation can be carried out on site using a PLC or remotely, the control data for installation 1 being transmitted from a control station by any wire means or not.
• the drop in level AH 0 is for example chosen between 0.5 and 3 m.
• the acceleration station 11 is permanently present on site, being at least partially, better totally, immersed and buried in the bed of the watercourse. Alternatively, it is brought to the site in the event of a flood risk, and submerged at that time. This makes it possible not to disturb the flow of water in its absence, without having to bury it.
• it can be tied to preexisting foundations, present for example on the bottom of the watercourse.
• it is secured to at least one bajoyer wall, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
• This figure shows two bajoyer walls 20 made on the banks of the watercourse. These bajoyer walls 20 do not excessively impede the navigability of the watercourse, as illustrated in FIG. 4A. These walls are for example made by conventional civil engineering techniques in concrete, or alternatively using a metal structure or other materials.
• the bajoyer walls 20 can be independent or connected by a raft.
• the acceleration station 11 is brought in by river and temporarily submerged, as illustrated in FIG. 4B, at the desired location.
• the bajoyer walls 20 and the raft serve to secure the acceleration station 11 to keep it in place.
• the movable boom 17 is brought by river between the walls of the woodwork 20 and preferably positioned above the acceleration station 11, for example being secured to the walls of the woodwork 20, as illustrated in FIG. 4C.
• the dam and the accelerator station can be removed by river and stored for later use.
• the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described.
• the installation according to the invention can be used in combination with other flood control techniques, in particular the deepening of the bed and / or the storage of water in reservoirs.
• the movable boom can in particular be made otherwise; for example, it may include inflatable tubes maintained using a membrane.
• the mobile barrier and the acceleration station constitute a single unit which is brought to the site by being towed by water, for example, and then submerged in the desired location.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
• Barrages (AREA)
• Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63684022

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2018
  • 2018-06-15 FR FR1855282A patent/FR3082534B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2019
  • 2019-06-14 WO PCT/EP2019/065654 patent/WO2019238913A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-06-14 EP EP19731939.5A patent/EP3807465A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2019-06-14 CN CN201980052427.7A patent/CN112912568A/zh active Pending
  • 2019-06-14 US US17/252,467 patent/US20210189674A1/en not_active Abandoned

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