EP3798342B1 - Manufacturing line for nonwoven fabric - Google Patents
Manufacturing line for nonwoven fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3798342B1 EP3798342B1 EP20397512.3A EP20397512A EP3798342B1 EP 3798342 B1 EP3798342 B1 EP 3798342B1 EP 20397512 A EP20397512 A EP 20397512A EP 3798342 B1 EP3798342 B1 EP 3798342B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- web
- drying device
- manufacturing line
- forming
- drying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
- D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
Definitions
- the invention relates to a manufacturing line, according to the preamble to Claim 1, for a nonwoven fabric, and correspondingly a method for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric.
- nonwoven fabric wiping products Numerous different types of properties are required of nonwoven fabric wiping products. They must have sufficient absorbency, strength, and wear resistance for the intended use. In addition, they must be sufficiently biodegradable, so as to not lead to long-term environmental loading.
- Decorative patterning is made in nonwoven-fabric products, and the patterns can also transmit information in several different ways, as is described, for example, in international patent application WO 2019/115875 .
- wet-spreading is a web-forming process used in the manufacture of nonwoven fabric, which is a rapid, economical, and environmentally-friendly method. All the water used in wet spreading can be filtered and reused. In wet spreading, the initial operations are similar to those in paper manufacture.
- the web formed by wet spreading requires binding to achieve a sufficient strength. If the web material contains thermoplastic material, heat can be used to partly melt this material and thus reinforce the web. All thermoplastic materials are not, however, biodegradable, which limits their use as web binders. The web can also be bound chemically with the aid of binders.
- Spunlacing is a generally used method to reinforce the web in nonwoven fabric manufacture.
- the fibres are needled with the aid of high-pressure water jets.
- spunlacing can be used to form a permanent pattern in the web surface.
- the process can then be called water patterning.
- Water patterning can also be formed on the web's surface using a patterning roll, to which the web is transferred from the spunlacing unit. Water patterning using a patterning roll is described in EP application number 3715515 .
- Document EP 373974 discloses a strong, highly absorbent hard finished nonwoven toweling fabric consisting of wood pulp and textile fibers essentially free from added binders, which is prepared by forming a wet-laid web of a blend of fibers containing 30 to 80 weight percent wood pulp and 20 to 70 weight percent staple length fibers subjecting the fibers in the wet-laid web to hydroentanglement, and embossing the hydroentangled web.
- the embossed fabric may be apertured or essentially nonpertured, and may be made lint resistant or water repellant or both.
- the fabric may be converted into pads or towels having medical and surgical applications, or into household cloths, food service wipes, industrial machinery wipes or the like.
- Document EP 2692924 presents a process for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric material, the process comprising: a) laying on a support at least one layer of a biodegradable material in the form of long fibres or continuous filaments; b) hydroentangling the said layers and drying the hydroentangled material; c) calendering the dried material of step b) to create on the material a calendered pattern which is able to provide a balanced ratio of MD/CD average tensile strength to the nonwoven fabric material, the said balanced ratio of MD/CD average tensile strength being in the range of 1:1 and 4:1, wherein the calendering step is performed with a calender having ribs evenly alternating with grooves so that to define a calendering pattern thereon.
- the web can be patterned using a calender or belt.
- a drawback with belt patterning is the long time needed to change the belt.
- the belt patterning unit is long, thus increasing the length of the manufacturing line.
- a drawback with patterning performed using a patterning drum is the equipment's high price.
- a drawback with patterning formed by calendering is, in turn, that the patterning vanishes when the nonwoven fabric wets, particularly if the nonwoven fabric does not contain thermoplastic material.
- the intention of the present invention is to create a new type of nonwoven-fabric manufacturing line and method, by which the problems described above can be reduced.
- a manufacturing line for a nonwoven fabric, which comprises a forming device to form a fibre web on a moving forming base, a spunlacing device to reinforce the web, at least one first drying device to dry the web, and a calender to form patterning in the web.
- the manufacturing line comprises at least one second drying device to dry the calendered web. The second drying device is located after the calender in the direction of travel of the web.
- the patterning of a nonwoven-fabric product manufactured on a manufacturing line according to the invention does not disappear when the nonwoven-fabric product becomes wet, even though the patterning of the nonwoven-fabric product is made by calendering.
- the manufacturing line can be short, because patterning is made by calendering, and a long belt-patterning unit is not needed.
- a calender is also considerably cheaper than the equipment used in drum patterning.
- a nonwoven fabric is a fabric-like material, which is made by combining fibres in set or random directions, using friction and/or cohesion and/or adhesive. Papers, woven, tufted, sewn, or felted fabrics are not included in the term nonwoven fabrics. Continuous filament fibres, as well as short and long fibres, which can be both natural and artificial fibres, are used in nonwoven fabrics.
- the manufacturing line 1 comprises a formation device 2 for forming a fibre web 3 on a moving forming base 4.
- the forming device 2 is of the type wet-forming devices, for example a headbox, by which a watery fibre suspension is fed to the forming base 4.
- the forming device 2 can be of the type dry-forming devices, such as a carding device or an air-spreading device.
- the fibre web 3 forming on the forming base 4 by carding or air-spreading must then be moistened at a later processing stage, for example by spunlacing.
- the forming base 4 is a forming wire.
- the fibre web 3 can contain biodegradable material.
- the manufacturing line 1 comprises a spunlacing unit 5 to reinforce the web.
- the spunlacing unit 5 comprises at least one nozzle 6 to direct a high-pressure water jet 7 through the web 3.
- the spunlacing unit 5 comprises several nozzles 6 arranged consecutively, for example 3-15 nozzles 6 arranged consecutively.
- the manufacturing line 1 comprises at least one first drying device 8, 10 to dry the web 3.
- the first drying device 8, 10 is located after the spunlacing unit 5 in the direction of travel of the web 3 and/or at the spunlacing unit 5.
- the first drying device 8, 10 is arranged to dry the web to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight.
- the drying device 10 after the spunlacing unit 5 can be a mechanical dryer, a suction dryer, a through-blowing dryer, or an oven dryer, such as, for example, a foulard, a suction dryer, a cylinder dryer, or an omega-dryer.
- the direction of travel of the web 3 is marked in the drawing with an arrow 9.
- a suction dryer 8 operating by vacuum is located at the spunlacing unit 5. If the suction dryer 8 is sufficiently powerful, the desired moisture content of the web 3 can be achieved without a separate dryer 10 after the spunlacing unit 5. Alternatively an additional dryer can be located in connection with the suction dryer 8, for example another suction dryer, in order to achieve the desired moisture content.
- the manufacturing line 1 comprises a patterning device to form three-dimensional patterning in the web 3.
- the patterning device is a calender 12, which comprises two rotating rolls 13, which are arranged in a mutual nip contact and form the nip between which the web 3 is arranged to run.
- the web 3 is shaped by being pressed in the nip between the rolls 13.
- heat can be used in addition to compression to shape the web 3.
- the rolls 13 is a patterned surface to pattern the web 3.
- the calender 12 is located after the first drying device 8, 10, in the direction of travel of the web 3.
- the web 3 arriving at the calender 12 has been dried by the first drying device 10 to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight.
- the manufacturing line 1 also comprises at least one second drying device 14 to dry the calendered web 3.
- the second drying device 14 is located after the calender 12 in the direction of travel of the web 3.
- the calender 12 is thus between the first drying device 8, 10 and the second drying device 14 in the direction of travel of the web 3.
- the second drying device 14 is typically a mechanical dryer, through-blowing dryer, or oven dryer, such as, for example, a foulard, cylinder dryer, or omega dryer.
- the second drying device 14 is arranged to dry the web 3 to its final moisture content, i.e. the moisture content at which the web is brought to the rolling machine 11.
- the second drying device 14 is the last drying device on the manufacturing line 1.
- the manufacturing line 1 also comprises a rolling machine 11 to reel the web 3 onto a roll.
- the rolling machine 11 is located after the second drying device 14 in the direction of travel of the web 3.
- the rolling machine 11 is the last device on the manufacturing line 1.
- the manufacturing line 1 operates as follows.
- a fibre suspension is fed to a moving forming base 4, typically a wire, and a web 3 is formed.
- a forming device 2 such as wet-spreading, carding, or air-spreading, is used to feed the fibre suspension to the base 4.
- the web 3 is spunlaced by directing one or more high-pressure water jets 7 onto the web 3.
- Spunlacing is performed using a spunlacing unit 5, which comprises at least one nozzle 6, from which a water jet 7 is directed onto the web 3.
- a spunlacing unit 5 which comprises at least one nozzle 6, from which a water jet 7 is directed onto the web 3.
- a suction dryer 8 At the spunlacing unit 5 there is a suction dryer 8, by which water is removed from the web 3.
- the web 3 is dried in the first drying stage using at least one drying device 8, 10.
- the web is dried to a moisture content of 30-40 percent by weight.
- the web is calendered and three-dimensional patterning is formed in it by the calender 12.
- the calender 12 comprises two rolls 13 arranged in nip contact 13, the web 13 being led through the nip between them.
- the web 3 is shaped by pressing it in the nip between the rolls 13.
- Heat can be used in addition to compression to shape the web 3.
- the moisture content of the web 3 brought to the calender 12 is 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight.
- the web 3 After calendering the web 3 is dried in a second drying stage using a second drying device 14. In the second drying stage, the web 3 is dried to its final moisture content. The web 3 is calendered between the first and second drying stages. After the second drying stage the web 3 is reeled onto a roll by a rolling machine 11.
- the cellulose molecule chains in the wet nonwoven fabric create short-lived hydrogen bonds. At the same time, these molecule chains slide to overlap each other, which increases the number of their hydrogen bond points.
- the hydrogen bonds are broken. This permits the easier rearrangement of the molecule chains.
- the pressure caused by calendering reduces the overlapping of the chains and thus also reduces the number of hydrogen bond points. When the pressure of the calendering ceases, the nonwoven fabric can form these hydrogen bonds normally. Because there are fewer of these points, fewer hydrogen bonds are also formed. As the fabric is dried rapidly after this, the molecule chains are practically unable to move on top of each other, so that new hydrogen bond points cannot arise.
- the nonwoven fabric made using the solution according to the invention contains natural fibres and/or regenerated fibres.
- the fibres are bound together by spunlacing.
- the nonwoven fibre contains at least two different areas, the first area is compressed when wet and the second area is not compressed. In the dry nonwoven fabric there are more hydrogen bond points in the second area than in the first area.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a manufacturing line, according to the preamble to Claim 1, for a nonwoven fabric, and correspondingly a method for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric.
- Numerous different types of properties are required of nonwoven fabric wiping products. They must have sufficient absorbency, strength, and wear resistance for the intended use. In addition, they must be sufficiently biodegradable, so as to not lead to long-term environmental loading.
- Decorative patterning is made in nonwoven-fabric products, and the patterns can also transmit information in several different ways, as is described, for example, in international patent application
WO 2019/115875 . - Wet-spreading is a web-forming process used in the manufacture of nonwoven fabric, which is a rapid, economical, and environmentally-friendly method. All the water used in wet spreading can be filtered and reused. In wet spreading, the initial operations are similar to those in paper manufacture. The web formed by wet spreading requires binding to achieve a sufficient strength. If the web material contains thermoplastic material, heat can be used to partly melt this material and thus reinforce the web. All thermoplastic materials are not, however, biodegradable, which limits their use as web binders. The web can also be bound chemically with the aid of binders.
- Spunlacing is a generally used method to reinforce the web in nonwoven fabric manufacture. In the method, the fibres are needled with the aid of high-pressure water jets. If the web is transported on a base, in which there is a patterned surface, spunlacing can be used to form a permanent pattern in the web surface. The process can then be called water patterning. Water patterning can also be formed on the web's surface using a patterning roll, to which the web is transferred from the spunlacing unit. Water patterning using a patterning roll is described in
EP application number 3715515 . DocumentEP 373974 EP 2692924 presents a process for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric material, the process comprising: a) laying on a support at least one layer of a biodegradable material in the form of long fibres or continuous filaments; b) hydroentangling the said layers and drying the hydroentangled material; c) calendering the dried material of step b) to create on the material a calendered pattern which is able to provide a balanced ratio of MD/CD average tensile strength to the nonwoven fabric material, the said balanced ratio of MD/CD average tensile strength being in the range of 1:1 and 4:1, wherein the calendering step is performed with a calender having ribs evenly alternating with grooves so that to define a calendering pattern thereon. - In addition to water patterning, the web can be patterned using a calender or belt. A drawback with belt patterning is the long time needed to change the belt. In addition, the belt patterning unit is long, thus increasing the length of the manufacturing line. A drawback with patterning performed using a patterning drum is the equipment's high price. A drawback with patterning formed by calendering is, in turn, that the patterning vanishes when the nonwoven fabric wets, particularly if the nonwoven fabric does not contain thermoplastic material.
- The intention of the present invention is to create a new type of nonwoven-fabric manufacturing line and method, by which the problems described above can be reduced.
- The intentions of the invention are achieved by means of a manufacturing line, according to
Claim 1, for a nonwoven fabric, which comprises a forming device to form a fibre web on a moving forming base, a spunlacing device to reinforce the web, at least one first drying device to dry the web, and a calender to form patterning in the web. In addition, the manufacturing line comprises at least one second drying device to dry the calendered web. The second drying device is located after the calender in the direction of travel of the web. - Considerable advantages are achieved by means of the solution according to the invention. The patterning of a nonwoven-fabric product manufactured on a manufacturing line according to the invention does not disappear when the nonwoven-fabric product becomes wet, even though the patterning of the nonwoven-fabric product is made by calendering. In addition, the manufacturing line can be short, because patterning is made by calendering, and a long belt-patterning unit is not needed. A calender is also considerably cheaper than the equipment used in drum patterning.
- In the following, the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows as a schematic diagram a nonwoven-fabric manufacturing line according to an embodiment of the invention.
- The drawing shows schematically a patterned nonwoven-
fabric manufacturing line 1. A nonwoven fabric is a fabric-like material, which is made by combining fibres in set or random directions, using friction and/or cohesion and/or adhesive. Papers, woven, tufted, sewn, or felted fabrics are not included in the term nonwoven fabrics. Continuous filament fibres, as well as short and long fibres, which can be both natural and artificial fibres, are used in nonwoven fabrics. - The
manufacturing line 1 comprises aformation device 2 for forming afibre web 3 on a moving formingbase 4. The formingdevice 2 is of the type wet-forming devices, for example a headbox, by which a watery fibre suspension is fed to the formingbase 4. - Alternatively, the forming
device 2 can be of the type dry-forming devices, such as a carding device or an air-spreading device. Thefibre web 3 forming on the formingbase 4 by carding or air-spreading must then be moistened at a later processing stage, for example by spunlacing. - The forming
base 4 is a forming wire. Thefibre web 3 can contain biodegradable material. - The
manufacturing line 1 comprises a spunlacingunit 5 to reinforce the web. The spunlacingunit 5 comprises at least onenozzle 6 to direct a high-pressure water jet 7 through theweb 3. Typically the spunlacingunit 5 comprisesseveral nozzles 6 arranged consecutively, for example 3-15nozzles 6 arranged consecutively. - The
manufacturing line 1 comprises at least onefirst drying device 8, 10 to dry theweb 3. Thefirst drying device 8, 10 is located after the spunlacingunit 5 in the direction of travel of theweb 3 and/or at thespunlacing unit 5. Thefirst drying device 8, 10 is arranged to dry the web to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight. Thedrying device 10 after the spunlacingunit 5 can be a mechanical dryer, a suction dryer, a through-blowing dryer, or an oven dryer, such as, for example, a foulard, a suction dryer, a cylinder dryer, or an omega-dryer. The direction of travel of theweb 3 is marked in the drawing with anarrow 9. - A suction dryer 8 operating by vacuum is located at the
spunlacing unit 5. If the suction dryer 8 is sufficiently powerful, the desired moisture content of theweb 3 can be achieved without aseparate dryer 10 after thespunlacing unit 5. Alternatively an additional dryer can be located in connection with the suction dryer 8, for example another suction dryer, in order to achieve the desired moisture content. - The
manufacturing line 1 comprises a patterning device to form three-dimensional patterning in theweb 3. The patterning device is acalender 12, which comprises two rotatingrolls 13, which are arranged in a mutual nip contact and form the nip between which theweb 3 is arranged to run. In calendering, theweb 3 is shaped by being pressed in the nip between therolls 13. In addition, in calendering heat can be used in addition to compression to shape theweb 3. In one, or both of therolls 13 is a patterned surface to pattern theweb 3. Thecalender 12 is located after thefirst drying device 8, 10, in the direction of travel of theweb 3. Theweb 3 arriving at thecalender 12 has been dried by thefirst drying device 10 to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight. - The
manufacturing line 1 also comprises at least onesecond drying device 14 to dry thecalendered web 3. Thesecond drying device 14 is located after thecalender 12 in the direction of travel of theweb 3. Thecalender 12 is thus between thefirst drying device 8, 10 and thesecond drying device 14 in the direction of travel of theweb 3. Thesecond drying device 14 is typically a mechanical dryer, through-blowing dryer, or oven dryer, such as, for example, a foulard, cylinder dryer, or omega dryer. Thesecond drying device 14 is arranged to dry theweb 3 to its final moisture content, i.e. the moisture content at which the web is brought to the rollingmachine 11. Thesecond drying device 14 is the last drying device on themanufacturing line 1. - The
manufacturing line 1 also comprises a rollingmachine 11 to reel theweb 3 onto a roll. The rollingmachine 11 is located after thesecond drying device 14 in the direction of travel of theweb 3. The rollingmachine 11 is the last device on themanufacturing line 1. - According to the drawing, the
manufacturing line 1 operates as follows. A fibre suspension is fed to a moving formingbase 4, typically a wire, and aweb 3 is formed. A formingdevice 2, such as wet-spreading, carding, or air-spreading, is used to feed the fibre suspension to thebase 4. - Next, the
web 3 is spunlaced by directing one or more high-pressure water jets 7 onto theweb 3. Spunlacing is performed using aspunlacing unit 5, which comprises at least onenozzle 6, from which awater jet 7 is directed onto theweb 3. Typically there are 3-15consecutive nozzles 6. At thespunlacing unit 5 there is a suction dryer 8, by which water is removed from theweb 3. - The
web 3 is dried in the first drying stage using at least onedrying device 8, 10. In the first drying stage, the web is dried to a moisture content of 30-40 percent by weight. - After the first drying stage, the web is calendered and three-dimensional patterning is formed in it by the
calender 12. Thecalender 12 comprises tworolls 13 arranged innip contact 13, theweb 13 being led through the nip between them. In calendering theweb 3 is shaped by pressing it in the nip between therolls 13. Heat can be used in addition to compression to shape theweb 3. The moisture content of theweb 3 brought to thecalender 12 is 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight. - After calendering the
web 3 is dried in a second drying stage using asecond drying device 14. In the second drying stage, theweb 3 is dried to its final moisture content. Theweb 3 is calendered between the first and second drying stages. After the second drying stage theweb 3 is reeled onto a roll by a rollingmachine 11. - In the solution according to the invention, the cellulose molecule chains in the wet nonwoven fabric create short-lived hydrogen bonds. At the same time, these molecule chains slide to overlap each other, which increases the number of their hydrogen bond points. When the nonwoven fabric is calendered, the hydrogen bonds are broken. This permits the easier rearrangement of the molecule chains. The pressure caused by calendering reduces the overlapping of the chains and thus also reduces the number of hydrogen bond points. When the pressure of the calendering ceases, the nonwoven fabric can form these hydrogen bonds normally. Because there are fewer of these points, fewer hydrogen bonds are also formed. As the fabric is dried rapidly after this, the molecule chains are practically unable to move on top of each other, so that new hydrogen bond points cannot arise. When the nonwoven fabric is dry, the hydrogen bonds become more permanent bonds and the nonwoven fabric remains in the patterned form. If the nonwoven fabric is wetted again, it begins to form new hydrogen bonds and the cellulose molecules begin to slide on top of each other again. In the calendered areas there is less overlapping of the molecule chains, so that here there come fewer hydrogen bonds. In the uncalendered areas there is more overlapping of the molecule chains and this layering is faster than in the calendered areas, therefore these areas are distinguished even more clearly from the calendered areas and emphasize the three-dimensional effect of the calendered pattern.
- The nonwoven fabric made using the solution according to the invention contains natural fibres and/or regenerated fibres. The fibres are bound together by spunlacing. The nonwoven fibre contains at least two different areas, the first area is compressed when wet and the second area is not compressed. In the dry nonwoven fabric there are more hydrogen bond points in the second area than in the first area.
Claims (12)
- Nonwoven fabric manufacturing line (1), which comprises:- a forming device (2) for forming a fibre web (3) on a moving web-forming base (4),- spunlacing device (5) for reinforcing the web (3),- at least one first drying device (8, 10) for drying the web (3), and- a calender (12) for forming patterning in the web (3),characterized in that the manufacturing line (1) comprises at least one second drying device (14) for drying the calendered web (3), which second drying device (14) is located after the calender (12) in the direction of travel of the web (3).
- Manufacturing line (1) according to the Claim 1, characterized in that the first drying device (8, 10) is arranged to dry the web (3) coming to the calender (12) to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight.
- Manufacturing line (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the web-forming device (2) is a wet-spreading device, for example a headbox, which is arranged to feed a watery fibre suspension onto the forming base (4).
- Manufacturing line (1) according to any of the above Claims, characterized in that the web-forming base (4) is a wire.
- Manufacturing line (1) according to any of the above Claims, characterized in that the first drying device (8, 10) is located, in the direction of travel of the web (3), after the spunlacing unit (5) and/or at the spunlacing unit (5).
- Manufacturing line (1) according to any of the above Claims, characterized in that the second drying device (14) is the last drying device on the manufacturing line (1).
- Method for manufacturing nonwoven fabric, comprising:- forming a fibre web (3) by a forming device (2) on a moving web-forming base (4),- reinforcing the web (3) by spunlacing,- drying the web with at least one first drying device (8, 10), and- forming patterning in the web (3) by calandering,characterized in that in the manufacturing line (1) the web (3) is dried by the first drying device (8, 10) to a moisture content of 20-50 percent, and that the web is dried by at least one second drying device (14) for drying the calendered web (3), which second drying device (14) is located after the calender (12) in the direction of travel of the web (3).
- Method according to according to the Claim 7, characterized in that the first drying device (8, 10) is arranged to dry the web (3) coming to the calender (12) to a moisture content of 20-50 percent by weight, typically 30-40 percent by weight.
- Method according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the web (3) is formed by a wet-spreading device, for example a headbox, which is arranged to feed a watery fibre suspension onto the forming base (4).
- Method according to any of the above Claims 7 - 9, characterized in that the web-forming base (4) is a wire.
- Method according to any of the above Claims 7 - 10, characterized in that the first drying device (8, 10) is located, in the direction of travel of the web (3), after the spunlacing unit (5) and/or at the spunlacing unit (5).
- Method according to any of the above Claims 7 - 11, characterized in that the second drying device (14) is the last drying device on the manufacturing line (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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FI20194131 | 2019-09-30 |
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EP3798342B1 true EP3798342B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
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EP20397512.3A Active EP3798342B1 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-29 | Manufacturing line for nonwoven fabric |
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ES (1) | ES2920500T3 (en) |
Citations (11)
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DE2655136A1 (en) | 1976-12-04 | 1978-06-08 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | WET FLEECE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
EP0357474A1 (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1990-03-07 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Water absorbent fiber web |
EP0373974A2 (en) | 1988-12-15 | 1990-06-20 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Method of preparation of a highly absorbent nonwoven fabric |
EP0624209A1 (en) | 1992-02-03 | 1994-11-17 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods. |
EP1206927A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-22 | Johnson & Johnson Inc. | Sanitary napkin with stiff side flaps |
DE10050512A1 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2002-05-23 | Freudenberg Carl Kg | Conductive nonwoven |
DE69811646T2 (en) | 1997-03-31 | 2003-12-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | DISPERSIBLE FLEECE AND PRODUCTION METHOD |
EP1524350A1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-20 | Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co. Maschinenfabrik | Fiber laminates and methods for producing them |
WO2005106116A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-10 | A. Celli Paper S.P.A. | A method and device for the production of tissue paper |
DE102006042507A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-27 | Andritz KĂĽsters GmbH & Co. KG | Treatment method for non-woven webs comprises treating them with liquid and then squeezing it out using rollers with wide nip |
EP2692924A1 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-05 | Suominen Corporation | Nonwoven calendered fabrics |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US11544488B2 (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2023-01-03 | Suominen Oyj | Nonwoven material having encoded information, a method for encoding information on a nonwoven material and a system for using same |
-
2020
- 2020-09-29 ES ES20397512T patent/ES2920500T3/en active Active
- 2020-09-29 EP EP20397512.3A patent/EP3798342B1/en active Active
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DE2655136A1 (en) | 1976-12-04 | 1978-06-08 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | WET FLEECE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
EP0357474A1 (en) | 1988-07-28 | 1990-03-07 | James River Corporation Of Virginia | Water absorbent fiber web |
EP0373974A2 (en) | 1988-12-15 | 1990-06-20 | Fiberweb North America, Inc. | Method of preparation of a highly absorbent nonwoven fabric |
EP0624209A1 (en) | 1992-02-03 | 1994-11-17 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Nonwoven sheet materials, tapes and methods. |
DE69811646T2 (en) | 1997-03-31 | 2003-12-04 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | DISPERSIBLE FLEECE AND PRODUCTION METHOD |
DE10050512A1 (en) | 2000-10-11 | 2002-05-23 | Freudenberg Carl Kg | Conductive nonwoven |
EP1206927A1 (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-22 | Johnson & Johnson Inc. | Sanitary napkin with stiff side flaps |
EP1524350A1 (en) | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-20 | Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co. Maschinenfabrik | Fiber laminates and methods for producing them |
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Also Published As
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EP3798342A1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
ES2920500T3 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
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