EP3793209B1 - Appareil auditif avec annulation active du bruit et procédé de fonctionnement de lequel - Google Patents

Appareil auditif avec annulation active du bruit et procédé de fonctionnement de lequel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3793209B1
EP3793209B1 EP20190884.5A EP20190884A EP3793209B1 EP 3793209 B1 EP3793209 B1 EP 3793209B1 EP 20190884 A EP20190884 A EP 20190884A EP 3793209 B1 EP3793209 B1 EP 3793209B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearing
user
frequency components
frequency
audiogram
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EP20190884.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3793209A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Naumann
Umut Gökay
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Sivantos Pte Ltd
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Sivantos Pte Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/70—Adaptation of deaf aid to hearing loss, e.g. initial electronic fitting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1783—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions
    • G10K11/17837—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions by retaining part of the ambient acoustic environment, e.g. speech or alarm signals that the user needs to hear
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
    • G10K11/17881—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/50—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics
    • H04R25/505—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics using digital signal processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
    • H04R25/603—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of mechanical or electronic switches or control elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3011—Single acoustic input
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3014—Adaptive noise equalizers [ANE], i.e. where part of the unwanted sound is retained
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3025—Determination of spectrum characteristics, e.g. FFT
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3027—Feedforward
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3044—Phase shift, e.g. complex envelope processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/03—Synergistic effects of band splitting and sub-band processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/03—Aspects of the reduction of energy consumption in hearing devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/05—Electronic compensation of the occlusion effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hearing device and a corresponding hearing device.
  • a hearing device is used to output noises to a user of the hearing device.
  • the user wears the hearing aid on or in the ear.
  • the hearing device has a receiver for outputting noises.
  • Some hearing aids also have at least one microphone and are designed as hearing aids to pick up noises from the environment and then output them to the user.
  • the noises are typically additionally modified by the hearing aid, e.g. to compensate for the user's hearing loss.
  • a hearing aid is not only understood to mean hearing aid devices for hearing-impaired users, but also headphones and the like, which can also be used by users with a hearing deficit, but do not necessarily compensate for this.
  • a hearing device can, for example, have active background noise suppression, ANC (active noise cancellation) for short, by means of which noises from the environment, specifically background noises, are suppressed, resulting in a calmer hearing situation for the user.
  • active noise cancellation active occlusion reduction
  • AOR active occlusion reduction
  • ANC noises that enter the user's ear canal from the environment are suppressed.
  • an AOR suppresses noises that are caused by the user themselves or that result from standing waves in the ear canal. This is especially the case when the ear canal is largely or completely closed off from the environment by an earpiece. In both cases, noises that are usually perceived as annoying by the user are suppressed and a calmed listening situation is thereby created.
  • ANC and AOR and in general any active noise cancellation consume energy when used and thus contribute to the energy consumption of a hearing aid.
  • An energy store of the hearing aid or an external device connected to it is loaded accordingly.
  • high energy consumption conflicts with requirements relating to installation space and mobility.
  • the size of the energy store cannot be chosen arbitrarily, but should nevertheless allow the hearing aid to be used for as long and uninterrupted as possible.
  • the U.S. 2011/026724 A1 describes a method for active noise cancellation, wherein an audio signal is received for playback, noise is received which is indicative of ambient noise, and a noise cancellation signal is generated dependent on both the audio signal and the noise.
  • the U.S. 2018/151172 A1 describes an earphone in which a noise control signal is generated by controlling an amplitude and phase according to a frequency band, and in which a control signal for controlling a phase and an amplitude are generated according to a frequency band so that a level of a residual noise signal has a minimum value.
  • the method is used to operate a hearing device, so it is an operating method. This is carried out in particular when the hearing aid is used as intended, namely when a user wears the hearing aid on or in the ear and when the hearing aid is switched on.
  • the hearing aid features active noise cancellation to suppress noise.
  • Noises are acoustic signals, i.e. sound signals.
  • the term "noise” also means individual noises without restricting the generality. Typically, however, multiple noises are present.
  • the noise cancellation suppressed Noises such that a calm listening situation is created for the user.
  • “Active” is understood in particular to mean that the noise suppression generates counter-noise, for example in the form of anti-noise, in order to at least partially and preferably completely eliminate some or all of the noise.
  • the anti-noises are generated in such a way that they are superimposed with the noises and are phase-shifted with respect to them in such a way that the noises are suppressed as a result. This reduces
  • passive noise suppression is understood to mean that noise is suppressed by sound insulation, e.g. in the form of special materials or special closure or covering of the user's ear or auditory canal.
  • passive noise cancellation is not mandatory in addition to active noise cancellation, but it is beneficial.
  • active noise cancellation requires energy, which is taken from an energy store, e.g. a battery. The energy store is preferably part of the hearing aid.
  • An audiogram of the user of the hearing device is also provided.
  • the audiogram indicates the user's hearing threshold as a function of frequency.
  • the audiogram is stored in a memory of the hearing device.
  • the audiogram is determined in particular in a corresponding test or calibration method, for example by an audiologist or in a suitable operating mode by the hearing aid itself.
  • the audiogram typically differs from user to user.
  • the audiogram indicates a hearing threshold for several frequency components of a frequency spectrum, above which the respective frequency component is audible for the user. In other words: the audiogram indicates the user-specific hearing threshold for an overall frequency spectrum as a function of frequency.
  • the audiogram thus contains a function which indicates the user's individual hearing threshold for a given frequency component.
  • the hearing threshold is a level, i.e.
  • the hearing thresholds of the various frequencies together form a hearing curve.
  • the hearing curve divides the space spanned by the two dimensions of level and frequency into two areas, namely an actually inaudible area below the hearing curve and an actually audible area above the hearing curve.
  • Frequency component means a single frequency or a frequency range with several frequencies.
  • the hearing aid preferably breaks down the noises into a plurality of consecutive frequency bands and thus into a corresponding number of frequency components, so that each frequency component is then assigned to exactly one of the frequency bands of the hearing aid.
  • the separation is not necessarily sharp; rather, in one possible embodiment, the frequency bands and, correspondingly, the frequency components overlap in an edge area for technical reasons.
  • the audiogram is thus designed in such a way that it can be used to determine which sounds are audible to the user and which are inaudible.
  • a respective noise consists either of both audible and non-audible frequency components or exclusively of audible or non-audible frequency components.
  • the composition is logically user-dependent and can also be different for different users for the same noise.
  • a frequency component can be heard by the user precisely when this frequency component has a level which exceeds the user's hearing threshold for this frequency range. Otherwise the frequency range is not audible.
  • the audiogram predetermines which frequency components of those same noises exceed the associated hearing threshold and are therefore actually audible for the user and which do not exceed the associated hearing threshold and are therefore not audible.
  • the audiogram also generally indicates which frequency components are better audible for the user, ie for which the hearing threshold is low, and which are less audible, ie for which the hearing threshold is high.
  • the audiogram is used to determine which frequency components of the noise are audible to the user and which are inaudible. This determination is preferably made as part of the method and thus during operation. This means in particular that the noises actually present at a given point in time during operation are examined and their audible and inaudible frequency components are identified. On the other hand, which frequency components are audible and which are not audible based on the audiogram is already specified in advance by the audiogram itself and does not necessarily have to be determined during the process, since the audiogram is usually fixed during the process. In other words: the noises are divided into audible and inaudible frequency components using the previously known audiogram.
  • the noises are recorded in particular with a microphone of the hearing device and fed to a control unit of the hearing device.
  • the audible and non-audible frequency components are not necessarily sharply separated from one another, but may overlap, but typically only slightly.
  • dead regions on the cochlea
  • a respective frequency range can be served by several cells in an overlapping manner, so that the loss of hearing ability for certain frequency components occurs progressively and, so to speak, gradually with the increased loss of cells. For example, an increased amplitude is then gradually required in order to still be able to hear the frequency component.
  • the noise suppression is operated selectively in that audible frequency components of the noise are suppressed and inaudible frequency components of the noise are not suppressed.
  • audible frequency components are actively suppressed and the inaudible frequency components are not actively suppressed.
  • all audible frequency components are suppressed, not necessarily but preferably.
  • all non-audible frequency components are not necessarily suppressed, but are preferred. Only audible frequency components are preferably used suppressed, so that all non-audible frequency components are not suppressed.
  • the audible and non-audible frequency components determined using the audiogram preferably correspond to actually audible and actually non-audible frequency components. However, this is not absolutely mandatory at first; rather, it is already sufficient that it is or will be determined on the basis of the audiogram that a respective frequency component is actually audible or not audible with a predominant probability or in a predominant number of hearing situations or the like.
  • a frequency component for which the hearing threshold is very high e.g. 100 dB
  • is regarded as an inaudible frequency component although at least noises above 100 dB would actually be audible at the corresponding frequencies, but such levels occur less frequently than levels below 100 dB .
  • Whether a frequency component is determined as audible and inaudible on the basis of the audiogram can therefore differ from whether it is actually audible or inaudible. This depends in particular on the manner in which the noise suppression is specifically and selectively operated. In general, however, the noise suppression is expediently operated selectively in such a way that, by determining on the basis of the audiogram, a respective frequency component is identified with a high degree of probability correctly, i.e. in accordance with the actual situation, as audible or inaudible.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is, in particular, that the audiogram is used to distinguish between audible and non-audible frequency components in a user-specific, ie individually, manner, and then the noises are suppressed in a user-adapted manner.
  • the noise suppression is therefore used selectively only for those frequency components for which suppression is also of sufficient benefit to the user.
  • the noise suppression acts in particular like a filter, which only filters out audible frequency components and is therefore a user-specific filter.
  • Inaudible frequency components are not suppressed either, which means that energy is saved accordingly, since no active measures, such as the generation of anti-noise, are carried out for inaudible frequency components.
  • the noise suppression thus puts significantly less strain on the energy storage device of the hearing device and leads to the hearing device operating with less energy overall.
  • the invention is based in particular on the finding that those frequency components which the user does not hear at all do not have to be actively suppressed. Therefore, in the present case, these inaudible frequency components are left out during the suppression, in that the noise suppression is operated selectively accordingly.
  • the acoustic spectrum perceivable by humans is generally limited to a frequency range of 10 Hz to 20 kHz, so that frequency components outside the acoustic spectrum are also not taken into account by the noise suppression, regardless of the user. It is relevant here that one or more frequency ranges within the acoustic spectrum are selectively not suppressed, i.e. are excluded from noise suppression.
  • the inaudible frequency ranges within the acoustic spectrum are determined user-specifically on the basis of the audiogram and can therefore be positioned differently and vary in size with respect to the overall frequency spectrum.
  • the user has a hearing deficit in which the hearing threshold in the range from 1 kHz to 2 kHz is at least 100 dB. Noises at these frequencies and below this hearing threshold are then imperceptible to the user, ie are not audible, and are therefore not actively suppressed if present.
  • the noise canceling is accordingly a personalized noise canceling. This procedure is particularly preferred in the case of a hearing-impaired user, since the audiogram is typically measured in this case in any case in order to determine the hearing ability quantitatively.
  • the method is not only suitable for hearing devices which are designed as hearing aid devices, i.e. are designed to compensate for a hearing deficit of the user.
  • the method is also suitable for headphones, headsets and the like, which initially only output useful noises, e.g. music, to the user, but these useful noises are overlaid by other noises, e.g. from the environment. These other noises are then suppressed by the user-specific noise suppression.
  • This is in contrast to a simple, broadband noise suppression, which suppresses all frequency components without distinguishing between audible and non-audible frequency ranges and therefore requires more energy than the selective noise suppression described here.
  • two variants are particularly suitable for distinguishing between audible and non-audible frequency components and thereby implementing selective noise suppression. These two variants are explained in more detail below and are referred to as the first variant and the second variant.
  • the noise suppression is operated amplitude-selectively by those frequency components which have a level below the hearing threshold have, are not suppressed, so that only those frequency components are actively suppressed in which the level is above the hearing threshold.
  • the respective level of a frequency component is compared with the associated hearing threshold of the audiogram and those frequency components which have a level above the hearing threshold are regarded as audible frequency components, whereas those frequency components which have a level below the hearing threshold are regarded as inaudible frequency components be considered.
  • a distinction is made according to the level, ie the amplitude of the frequency components relative to the audiogram, so that the noise suppression is then amplitude-selective.
  • a maximum level is preferably specified, which indicates a performance limit of the hearing device, and those frequency components whose level is above the maximum level are not suppressed.
  • the maximum level is also referred to as the direct sound threshold or the external sound threshold, since the maximum level is compared to an input level, i.e. the level of the noise actually present, and not to an output level, i.e. the level of the noise coming through the listener be issued to the user.
  • the output level is namely limited due to the power limit.
  • the maximum level indicates the level from which a suppression of the respective frequency component is no longer useful or no longer possible due to the technical limitations of the hearing aid. Such technical limitations result, for example, from a maximum output of the earphone or an output stage of the hearing aid.
  • the maximum level is regularly above the respective hearing threshold, but this is not mandatory, especially in those frequency ranges in which the user has a hearing deficit.
  • a frequency-dependent maximum level is suitable, but a constant maximum level for all frequency components is preferred.
  • a suitable maximum level is 140 dB, for example.
  • the use of a maximum level in combination with an amplitude-selective noise suppression is particularly advantageous, but not mandatory; on the contrary, a maximum level as described can also be used generally in selective noise suppression
  • the audiogram has one or more dead zones, within which the hearing threshold is above a minimum level, and the noise suppression is operated frequency-selectively by not suppressing those frequency components that lie within a dead zone of the audiogram, so that only such frequency components are actively suppressed, which are not within a dead zone of the audiogram.
  • one or more frequency ranges are each defined as a dead range in that the respective hearing threshold of the frequencies within the dead range is above the minimum level.
  • a respective dead range thus characterizes a frequency range in which the user hears particularly poorly.
  • the minimum level is 90 dB. There is then generally no suppression of the noise in the dead areas, regardless of the level.
  • any frequency components that lie within a dead zone are considered inaudible and are not suppressed.
  • frequency components that lie outside of all dead zones are regarded as audible and are expediently actively suppressed.
  • the distinction as to whether a frequency component is audible or inaudible is made by checking whether the frequency component is within a dead zone or not and is therefore initially independent of whether its level exceeds hearing threshold or not.
  • the subdivision made into audible and non-audible frequency components therefore corresponds more to an expectation regarding audibility, which is derived from the audiogram, and not necessarily to actual audibility. Nevertheless, this procedure ensures sufficient noise suppression while saving energy at the same time.
  • a dead zone is characterized in particular by the fact that exceeding the hearing threshold within the dead zone, which is high compared to the rest of the audiogram, is rather unlikely or even impossible.
  • a dead zone of the audiogram extends from a lower frequency to an upper frequency and between these two frequencies, also referred to as cut-off frequencies, the hearing threshold is consistently above the minimum level.
  • cut-off frequencies also referred to as cut-off frequencies
  • a special dead zone also characterizes an actual hearing deficit of a hearing-impaired user, whereas a general dead zone characterizes a natural hearing deficit, which can also be individual, but which is not due to a pathological condition and is present in one form or another for all users.
  • a specific dead zone is therefore also referred to as a hearing deficit dead zone and a general dead zone as a natural dead zone.
  • a local maximum of the hearing threshold preferably lies within the dead zone, so that it frames the maximum and thus encompasses a frequency range in which the user hears particularly poorly.
  • Such a local maximum occurs in particular in the case of a hearing deficit dead area, but typically not in the case of a natural dead area at the edge of the acoustic spectrum.
  • the noise suppression is therefore advantageously operated amplitude-selectively or frequency-selectively, as described above.
  • these two variants are combined with one another, so that the noise suppression is then operated amplitude- and frequency-selectively.
  • these regions include all frequency components which are not in a dead range and whose level is above the associated hearing threshold.
  • the regions are therefore also referred to as active regions. In this case, only those frequency components are suppressed which lie both outside the dead ranges and above the respective hearing threshold, whereas the other frequency ranges are not actively suppressed, since these are not perceived by the user anyway.
  • the noise is either background noise or useful noise or a combination thereof.
  • the hearing aid is expediently designed to distinguish useful noise from background noise and to predominantly or exclusively suppress the background noise using active noise suppression, whereas the useful noise predominates or is output to the user completely unaffected by the noise reduction.
  • Useful sounds are, for example, speech of a conversation partner, speech of the user, music, warning signals or the like.
  • Disturbing noises are, in particular, noise, system or machine noise, background noise and the like.
  • the active noise suppression is therefore preferably only applied to the background noise.
  • the active noise suppression preferably has active background noise suppression, which suppresses background noise from the environment in that the background noise is recorded with an external microphone of the hearing device and is output in inverted form via a receiver of the hearing device.
  • the external microphone is in particular on or in a housing of the hearing aid attached and generally points outwards, so it does not sit in the user's ear canal. Accordingly, the outer microphone primarily picks up noises from the user's surroundings, including noise if necessary.
  • the active noise cancellation is then used to suppress background noise from the environment around the user. Active noise cancellation is also known as ANC (active noise cancellation).
  • the active noise suppression has an active occlusion reduction, which suppresses background noise resulting from an occlusion of the user's auditory canal by recording the background noise with an internal microphone of the hearing aid in the user's ear canal and inverting it via a receiver of the user hearing aids are issued.
  • Active occlusion reduction is also referred to as AOR (active occlusion reduction).
  • An occlusion occurs when the hearing aid is used as intended, in particular by an earpiece of the hearing aid.
  • the earpiece is, for example, what is known as a dome, an ear tip or an otoplastic and is generally inserted into the user's auditory canal and thus closes the auditory canal to the outside.
  • the internal microphone is expediently attached to the earpiece and, when inserted, preferably also arranged in the resonator, so that the user's own noises and standing waves in the auditory canal are picked up particularly efficiently and accordingly suppressed by means of noise suppression.
  • the audiogram preferably indicates the hearing threshold in a frequency range of at least 10 Hz to at most 20 kHz, ie it includes an overall frequency spectrum which corresponds to the acoustic spectrum.
  • the hearing threshold is typically above 90 dB. Therefore, frequency components at these edges expediently also not actively suppressed by the active noise suppression.
  • a frequency range for speech is not suppressed by the noise suppression, regardless of whether the user hears well or badly here.
  • Speech usually represents a useful signal which is preferably not erased by the noise suppression.
  • a suitable frequency range for speech extends in particular from 300 Hz to 5 kHz or over a sub-range thereof.
  • a hearing aid according to the invention has a control unit which is designed to carry out a method as described above.
  • the control unit is also referred to as a controller and is arranged in particular within a housing of the hearing aid.
  • the audiogram is expediently stored in a memory which is part of the control unit or is connected to it.
  • the memory is preferably also part of the hearing aid.
  • the hearing device is designed as a hearing aid device and for this purpose has signal processing for modifying input signals in order to compensate for a hearing deficit of the user.
  • the input signals are recorded using a microphone, specifically an external microphone, of the hearing aid.
  • the input signals are modified in the signal processing depending on the audiogram, i.e. user-specific.
  • the modified input signals are then output signals of the signal processing and are forwarded to an earpiece of the hearing aid for output to the user.
  • the input signals are not or not exclusively generated by means of a microphone of the hearing aid, but are electrical audio signals which are transmitted from a suitable playback device to the hearing aid or are stored in the hearing aid.
  • the input signals are preferably divided into a plurality of frequency bands by means of a filter bank of the hearing device, specifically the signal processing.
  • the filter bank has 48 channels and correspondingly generates 48 frequency bands. A respective frequency component is then suppressed by suppressing that frequency band in which the frequency component to be suppressed is located.
  • the hearing device is preferably designed to be binaural and has two individual devices, one for each of the user's two ears.
  • the method is then expediently carried out separately on both sides, i.e. for both ears, since the hearing ability of the user is usually not identical for both ears. Accordingly, two audiograms are then provided, one for each side.
  • an exemplary embodiment of a hearing device 2 is shown.
  • an audiogram 4 of a user is shown as an example, based on which active noise suppression 6 of the hearing device 2 is selectively operated in different ways as part of a method for operating the hearing device 2 .
  • the active noise suppression 6 is generally used to suppress noise, the term "noise" being used without restriction of generality individual noises are also meant.
  • the noise suppression 6 suppresses noises in such a way that a calm listening situation is created for the user.
  • counter-noises are generated in order to partially or even completely cancel out the noises. This requires energy, which in the present case is taken from an energy store 8 of the hearing aid 2 .
  • the hearing aid 2 in 1 has a control unit 10 which is designed to carry out the method.
  • the control unit 10 is arranged inside a housing 12 of the hearing device 2 .
  • the audiogram 4 is stored in a memory 14 .
  • the memory 14 and the noise suppression 6 are each part of the control unit 10. However, this is not mandatory.
  • the hearing device 2 shown is designed as a hearing aid device to compensate for a hearing deficit of the user, and for this purpose has a signal processing unit 15 which is also part of the control unit 10 here.
  • the signal processing 15 serves to modify input signals in order to compensate for the user's hearing deficit.
  • the input signals are picked up by a microphone 16 of the hearing aid 2, in 1 two external microphones 16 are shown.
  • the modification of the input signals takes place in the signal processing 15 depending on the audiogram 4, ie user-specific.
  • the modified input signals are then output signals of the signal processor 15 and are forwarded to an earpiece 18 of the hearing aid 2 for output to the user.
  • the receiver 18 is part of an earpiece 20 which is inserted into the user's auditory canal.
  • the receiver 18 is arranged in the housing 12 and the sound signals generated by the receiver 18 are conducted into the auditory canal via a sound tube.
  • the input signals are electrical audio signals, which are transmitted from a suitable playback device to the hearing device 2 or are stored in the hearing device 2 .
  • the input signals are divided into a plurality of frequency bands by means of a filter bank not shown in detail as part of the signal processing 15 of the hearing aid 2, ie within the control unit 10 in the present case.
  • the filter bank has 48 channels and correspondingly generates 48 frequency bands.
  • a respective Frequency component f1-f8 is then suppressed by suppressing that frequency band in which frequency component f1-f8 to be suppressed lies.
  • the hearing device 2 is binaural and has two individual devices, for example as in FIG 1 , one for each of the user's two ears.
  • the audiogram 4 generally indicates a hearing threshold 22 of the user as a function of frequency and is determined, for example, in a corresponding test or calibration method.
  • the audiogram 4 typically differs from user to user. That in the Figures 2 to 4
  • the audiogram 4 shown is therefore just one example from a large number of possible audiograms 4.
  • the audiogram 4 shown specifies a hearing threshold 22 for each frequency f of a frequency spectrum from 10 Hz to 20 kHz, from which the respective frequency f can be heard by the user , ie the user-specific hearing threshold 22 is specified as a function of frequency.
  • the hearing threshold 22 is a level p, ie an amplitude.
  • various frequency components f1 - f8 are also represented by several vertical arrows, each of which has a specific level p.
  • the frequency components f1 - f8 shown as an example are individual frequencies here, but alternatively they are frequency ranges with a number of frequencies.
  • the hearing thresholds 22 of the various frequencies f together form a hearing curve H.
  • the hearing curve H divides the space spanned by the two dimensions level p and frequency f into two areas, namely an actually inaudible area nB below the hearing curve H and an actually audible area hB above the hearing curve H.
  • the audiogram 4 is thus designed in such a way that it can be used to determine which sounds are audible to the user and which are inaudible.
  • a respective noise consists of one or more frequency components f1 - f8, which are audible or inaudible or a combination thereof.
  • a frequency component f1 - f8 is audible to the user if and only if this frequency component f1-f8 has a level p which exceeds the hearing threshold 22 of the user for this frequency range.
  • the frequency components f1 - f5 are actually audible to the user, while the frequency components f6 - f8 are not.
  • the frequency components f1, f2, f5 are actually audible by the user, but the frequency components f4, f6 are not.
  • the frequency components f1 - f3 are actually audible to the user, while the frequency components f4 - f6 are not.
  • the noise suppression 6 is also operated selectively in that audible frequency components f1-f8 of the noise are suppressed and inaudible frequency components f1-f8 of the noise are not suppressed.
  • the noise suppression 6 is therefore used selectively only for those frequency components f1-f8 for which suppression is of sufficient use to the user.
  • Such frequency components f1 - f8, which the user does not hear at all, do not have to be actively suppressed and are therefore left out during the suppression.
  • the user is hearing impaired and has a hearing deficit in which the hearing threshold 22 is at least approximately 100 dB in the range from 1 kHz to 2 kHz. Noises at these frequencies and below this hearing threshold 22 cannot then be perceived by the user, ie they cannot be heard, and are therefore not actively suppressed.
  • the non-user is hearing-impaired in the sense of a pathological condition.
  • the noise suppression 6 is generally a personalized noise suppression 6.
  • the method is not only suitable for hearing aids 2, which, for example, as in 1 are designed as hearing aids, but also for headphones, headsets and the like, which initially only output useful noise to the user, but this useful noise from other noises are superimposed. These other noises are then suppressed in a user-specific manner by means of noise suppression 6 .
  • the audiogram 4 is used to determine which frequency components f1 - f8 of the noises are audible to the user and which are inaudible. To put it more precisely: it is determined which frequency components f1 - f8 can be assumed to be audible or not on the basis of the audiogram 4 . The noises are thus subdivided into audible and non-audible frequency components f1-f8 using the previously known audiogram 4. Whether a frequency component f1-f8 is determined as audible and inaudible on the basis of the audiogram 4 can in principle differ depending on the type of selective operation of the noise suppression 6 from whether it is actually audible or inaudible. In general, however, the goal is to operate the noise suppression selectively in such a way that the frequency component f1-f8 is correctly identified as audible or inaudible with a high degree of probability by determination based on the audiogram 4.
  • two variants are particularly suitable for distinguishing between audible and non-audible frequency components f1-f8 and thereby implementing selective noise suppression 6.
  • first variant is explained
  • second variant in the embodiment according to 4 both variants are combined.
  • the frequency components f1 - f8 shown represent the noises that are actually present, ie not the noises that are output to the user via the earpiece 18 .
  • These actual noises regularly get directly into the user's auditory canal, but are possibly still attenuated because of the earpiece 18 .
  • the actual noises also reach the microphone 16, are recorded with it, possibly processed in the control unit 10 and output to the user via the earpiece 18.
  • the noise suppression 6 is operated amplitude-selectively by those frequency components f6-f8 which have a level p below the respectively associated hearing threshold 22 are not suppressed, so that only those frequency components f1 - f5 are actively suppressed in which the level p is above the respectively associated hearing threshold 22 .
  • the respective level p of a frequency component f1 - f8 is compared with the associated hearing threshold 22 of the audiogram 4 and those frequency components f1 - f5 which have a level p above the hearing threshold 22 are regarded as audible frequency components f1 - f5, whereas those frequency components f6 - f8, which have a level p below the hearing threshold 22, can be regarded as inaudible frequency components f6 - f8.
  • a distinction is therefore made according to the level p, ie the amplitude of the frequency components f1-f8 relative to the audiogram 4, more precisely relative to the hearing curve H.
  • a maximum level 24 is also specified, which specifies a performance limit for the hearing aid 2, and those frequency components f4, f5 whose level p is above the maximum level 24 are not suppressed.
  • the maximum level 24 indicates the level p from which a suppression of the respective frequency component f1-f8 is no longer useful or no longer possible due to technical limitations of the hearing aid 2. Such technical limitations result, for example, from a maximum output of the earpiece 18 or an output stage of the hearing aid 2. Since effective suppression cannot be carried out above the maximum level 24, i.e.
  • the maximum level 24 is regularly above the respective threshold of hearing 22. However, this is not mandatory. In the present case, the maximum level 24 is constant for all frequencies f, but in a variant that is not shown, the maximum level 24 is frequency-dependent. The use of a maximum level 24 as described is independent of the amplitude-selective noise suppression 6 described and can also be omitted.
  • the noise suppression 6 is operated frequency-selectively.
  • the audiogram 4 also has one or more dead zones 26 within which the hearing threshold 22 is above a minimum level 28 in each case.
  • the frequency-selective operation is now implemented in such a way that those frequency components f4 that lie within a dead zone 26 of the audiogram 4 are not suppressed, so that only those frequency components f1 - f3, f5, f6 that are not within a dead zone 26 of the audiogram are actively suppressed 4 lie.
  • a respective dead range 26 thus characterizes a frequency range in which the user hears particularly poorly.
  • a dead zone 26 of the audiogram 4 extends starting at a lower frequency and ending at an upper frequency. Between these two frequencies, the hearing threshold 22 is consistently above the minimum level 28.
  • the middle dead zone 26 is a hearing deficit dead zone, ie it can be attributed to a hearing deficit on the part of the user and is therefore a dead zone 26 in the specific sense.
  • a special dead area 26 can have a local maximum 30 of the hearing threshold 22 and frame the local maximum 30, as is shown in 3 for the middle dead zone 26 is the case.
  • one or more active regions 32 are then formed in the audiogram in such a way that only those frequency components f1 - f3 are suppressed which lie both outside the dead zones 26 and above the respective hearing threshold 22, whereas the other frequency ranges f4 - f6 are not actively suppressed, as these are not noticed by the user anyway. How out 4 becomes clear, the active regions 32 result as the difference between the audible range hB and the dead ranges 26.
  • the audiogram 4 indicates the hearing threshold 22 in a frequency range from 10 Hz to 20 kHz, ie it includes an overall frequency spectrum which corresponds to the acoustic spectrum. At the edges of the audiogram, i.e. in particular below 20 Hz and above 16 kHz, the hearing ability of most people is regularly poor, as already indicated, regardless of whether they are hearing-impaired or not.
  • the hearing threshold 22 is typically above 90 dB here, so that natural dead zones 26 result here. In addition, it makes sense to exclude those frequency ranges in which predominantly useful signals are to be expected from the noise suppression 6 from the outset, unless these useful signals have already been separated by the hearing device 2 beforehand and processed separately.
  • a frequency range for speech for example, is not suppressed by the noise suppression 6 in a manner similar to the dead regions 26, regardless of whether the user hears well or badly here. Speech usually represents a useful signal, which is therefore not erased by noise suppression 6 if possible.
  • a suitable frequency range for speech is from 300 Hz to 5 kHz or a sub-range thereof.
  • the active noise suppression 6 has an active background noise suppression (ANC for short), more precisely, it is designed as such.
  • the noise cancellation suppresses accordingly 6 Noise from the environment in that the noise is recorded with one or both of the external microphones 16 of the hearing aid 2 and is output in inverted form via the receiver 18 of the hearing aid 2.
  • the active noise suppression 6 has an active occlusion reduction (AOR for short) or is designed as such, and suppresses background noise that results from an occlusion of the user's auditory canal by suppressing the background noise with an internal microphone 34 of the hearing aid 2 in the user's auditory canal and output in inverted form via the receiver 18 of the hearing aid 2 .
  • AOR active occlusion reduction
  • An internal microphone 34 is shown as part of the eartip 18 . Without an AOR, the inner microphone 34 is merely optional.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un appareil auditif (2),
    dans lequel l'appareil auditif (2) comprend une suppression active de bruit (6) pour supprimer les bruits, qui ont une ou plusieurs composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8),
    dans lequel un audiogramme (4) est fourni, lequel indique un seuil d'audition (22) d'un utilisateur de l'appareil auditif (2) en fonction de la fréquence, dans lequel, à l'aide de l'audiogramme (4), il est déterminé quelles parties de fréquence (f1 - f8) des bruits sont audibles pour l'utilisateur et quelles parties de fréquence ne sont pas audibles,
    dans lequel la suppression de bruit (6) est opérée de manière sélective en supprimant des parties de fréquence audibles (f1 - f8) des bruits et en ne supprimant pas des parties de fréquence des bruits non audibles (f1 - f8).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel la suppression de bruit (6) est opérée de manière sélective en amplitude, en ne pas supprimant les composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8), qui ont un niveau (p) inférieur au seuil d'audition (22), de sorte que seules les composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8), dans lesquelles le niveau (p) est supérieur au seuil d'audition (22), sont activement supprimées.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2,
    dans lequel un niveau maximal (24) est prédéfini, lequel indique une limite de puissance de l'appareil auditif (2),
    dans lequel les composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8), dont le niveau (p) est supérieur au niveau maximal (24), ne sont pas supprimées.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    dans lequel l'audiogramme (4) comprend une ou plusieurs zones mortes (26) à l'intérieur desquelles le seuil d'audition (22) se situe respectivement au-dessus d'un niveau minimal (28),
    dans lequel la suppression de bruit (6) est opérée de manière sélective en fréquence, en ne pas suprimant les composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8), qui se trouvent à l'intérieur d'une des zones mortes (26) de l'audiogramme (4), de sorte que seules les composantes de fréquence (f1 - f8), qui ne se trouvent pas à l'intérieur d'une des zones mortes (26) de l'audiogramme (4) sont activement supprimées.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    dans lequel un maximum local (30) du seuil d'audition (22) se trouve à l'intérieur d'au moins une des zones mortes (26).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    dans lequel la suppression active de bruit (6) comprend une suppression active de bruit parasite, qui supprime les bruits parasites provenant de l'environnement en captant les bruits parasites avec un microphone extérieur (16) de l'appareil auditif (2) et en les émettant de manière inversée via un écouteur (18) de l'appareil auditif (2).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    dans lequel la suppression active de bruit (6) comprend une réduction active d'occlusion, qui supprime les bruits parasites résultant d'une occlusion d'un conduit auditif de l'utilisateur en captant les bruits parasites avec un microphone interne (34) de l'appareil auditif (2) dans le conduit auditif de l'utilisateur et en les émettant de manière inversée via un écouteur (18) de l'appareil auditif (2).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    dans lequel l'audiogramme (2) indique le seuil d'audition (22) dans une plage de fréquences d'au moins 10 Hz à au plus 20 kHz.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    dans lequel une plage de fréquences pour la parole n'est pas supprimée par le dispositif de suppression de bruit (6).
  10. Appareil auditif (2),
    qui comprend une unité de commande (10), qui est conçue pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9.
  11. Appareil auditif (2) selon la revendication 10,
    qui est conçu comme un appareil d'aide à l'audition et a à cet effet un traitement de signal (15), pour modifier des signaux d'entrée en vue de compenser un déficit auditif de l'utilisateur.
EP20190884.5A 2019-09-11 2020-08-13 Appareil auditif avec annulation active du bruit et procédé de fonctionnement de lequel Active EP3793209B1 (fr)

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DK202070513A1 (en) * 2020-08-05 2022-02-14 Gn Hearing As Hearing device for occlusion reduction and components thereof
DE102021208735B3 (de) * 2021-08-10 2022-11-17 Sivantos Pte. Ltd. Verfahren zum Erstellen eines Audiogramms einer Testperson mittels eines Hörinstruments
DE102021211879A1 (de) 2021-10-21 2023-04-27 Sivantos Pte. Ltd. Hörgerät und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen

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US7010131B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2006-03-07 Cirrus Logic, Inc. Quasi-differential power amplifier and method
DE102006051071B4 (de) * 2006-10-30 2010-12-16 Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh Pegelabhängige Geräuschreduktion
US8144909B2 (en) * 2008-08-12 2012-03-27 Cochlear Limited Customization of bone conduction hearing devices
EP2284831B1 (fr) * 2009-07-30 2012-03-21 Nxp B.V. Procédé et dispositif de réduction active de bruit utilisant un masquage perceptuel
CN102625220B (zh) * 2012-03-22 2014-05-07 清华大学 一种确定助听设备听力补偿增益的方法
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US20210076146A1 (en) 2021-03-11
DE102019213807A1 (de) 2021-03-11
US11595770B2 (en) 2023-02-28
CN112492493B (zh) 2022-09-06
EP3793209A1 (fr) 2021-03-17
CN112492493A (zh) 2021-03-12

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