EP3792398B1 - Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks - Google Patents

Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3792398B1
EP3792398B1 EP19196533.4A EP19196533A EP3792398B1 EP 3792398 B1 EP3792398 B1 EP 3792398B1 EP 19196533 A EP19196533 A EP 19196533A EP 3792398 B1 EP3792398 B1 EP 3792398B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
studs
moulded
cams
grid unit
brick according
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EP19196533.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3792398A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Brunkhorst
Wilfried Braun
Thomas Aicheler
Felix Braun
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SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
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SF Kooperation GmbH Beton Konzepte
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Priority to EP19196533.4A priority Critical patent/EP3792398B1/en
Priority to ES19196533T priority patent/ES2903186T3/en
Publication of EP3792398A1 publication Critical patent/EP3792398A1/en
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Publication of EP3792398B1 publication Critical patent/EP3792398B1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00Paving elements
    • E01C2201/02Paving elements having fixed spacing features
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00Paving elements
    • E01C2201/20Drainage details
    • E01C2201/202Horizontal drainage channels
    • E01C2201/207Horizontal drainage channels channels on the bottom

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaped block with spacers in the form of cams and a kit with such shaped blocks.
  • spacers make it possible, for example, to maintain a minimum distance between the shaped stones when laying the shaped stones, so that rainwater can seep into the subsoil through the joints formed.
  • the spacers serve to prevent the shaped stones from sliding, so that they remain anchored in place when in use and do not move or tilt unintentionally.
  • Numerous designs of such spacers are known.
  • the spacers are often arranged at a regular distance so that, in the case of adjacent stones, spacers on one stone engage in gaps between spacers on the other stone. Such a system is in the EP 1432871 B1 disclosed.
  • the object of the invention is to create a shaped block which offers improved protection against displacement with the smallest possible joint spacing.
  • Another task is to provide a kit of such shaped bricks.
  • the invention is based on a molded block, in particular made of concrete, for creating a soil cover, comprising a base body with an upper side and an underside as well as four side surfaces parallel to a stone height with cams arranged on at least one side surface.
  • the cams are arranged in a grid unit, the cams being arranged in such a way that cams engage in gaps between cams in the case of shaped blocks lying next to one another.
  • the grid unit begins with a cam on one edge of a side surface and the same grid unit or another grid unit ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side surface.
  • the first and last cams of the cams are designed within the grid unit and one of the cams on the inside is replaced by a space.
  • the outer cams in the grid unit are less deep than inner cams.
  • the void is preferably formed by a flat area of the side wall.
  • the cams are arranged in such a way that cams can engage in gaps between cams in the case of shaped blocks lying next to one another.
  • the shaped stone is particularly suitable for heavily used and also traveled areas where a particularly reliable protection against movement is desired.
  • particularly narrow joints can be formed between adjacent shaped stones in a covering made of shaped stones.
  • a favorable joint filling material is, for example, sand or fine gravel with a suitable grain size.
  • the shaped block can be an essentially flat element whose width and / or length is greater than its height, or a cuboid whose height is equal to or greater than its width and / or length.
  • a depth of the cams is advantageously in a range of a few millimeters, in particular in the range between 2 mm and 5 mm.
  • the height of the cams is measured from the underside of the shaped block.
  • the cams can end below the top of the shaped block.
  • the shaped block is preferably intended to be laid without a press fit, with the result that a joint spacing between shaped blocks is greater than the greatest cam depth.
  • a preferred basic dimension or stone dimension of the molded stone is, for example, 150 mm, which in the usual way corresponds to the clear width of the molded stone with cams close to the edge and also takes into account the intended joint width.
  • the pure edge length of the shaped block is therefore slightly smaller than the grid unit, which, however, is practically insignificant due to the small cam depth.
  • the cams in the grid unit can form two types which differ at least in their depth.
  • the two different depths can differ by 1 mm.
  • the volume around the cams with a smaller depth can accommodate additional joint filling material. It is particularly advantageous that no press fit is required between the shaped blocks when laying, so that a joint can also run through between the side walls and cams between the shaped blocks.
  • the grid unit begins with a cam on one edge of a side wall and ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side wall.
  • an integral number of grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on at least two, in particular on all side surfaces. At least one grid unit is formed on a side surface. The grid unit is slightly larger than the pure edge length of the side surface, taking into account the joint size. In an embodiment with the smallest structural size of the molded block, a grid unit can be formed on the side surface. According to the edge length of the shaped block, two, three or more grid units can also be formed on the side surfaces.
  • the same number of grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on all side surfaces.
  • the grid unit can have the same dimensions for a wide variety of stone sizes. This makes it easier to assemble molded stones from a kit of molded stones.
  • At least two grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on a long side surface.
  • the grid unit can have the same dimensions for a wide variety of stone sizes. This makes it easier to assemble molded stones from a kit of molded stones.
  • two smaller cams and one large cam can be arranged in a grid unit, the cams being designed at at least two different heights. Due to the presence of small cams, spacers are present on the one hand, and on the other hand the space above the small cams offers space to accommodate joint filling material and to further stabilize the joints between adjacent shaped stones.
  • the cams can be designed in at least two different heights.
  • one of the heights can be 1/3 of the stone height and the other 2/3 of the stone height. This means that a particularly large amount of joint filling material can be introduced between adjacent shaped stones.
  • the cams can be designed in at least two different heights and the smaller cams have a smaller depth.
  • the absorption capacity for joint filling material can hereby be further improved.
  • the cams can be designed in at least two different widths.
  • the load on the cams can be adapted to typical conditions of use.
  • the cams can essentially be designed as flat webs. This allows simple shapes for the production of the molded block.
  • the cams can have the same width or the cam width can be different between different cams.
  • the width can vary along a cam.
  • the base body can have a profiling on the underside as a shift lock.
  • the profiling on the underside can have continuous parallel grooves extending from one side surface to the opposite side surface. These can have trapezoidal cross-sections. Double grooves can optionally be provided, with a further groove being let into the groove bottom of one groove.
  • other profiles can also be provided, for example recesses within the base area.
  • a kit made of shaped blocks according to the invention is proposed.
  • the shaped stones of different longitudinal and transverse dimensions have the same dimensions of their grid units.
  • the kit with shaped stones is particularly suitable for heavily used and also traveled areas where a particularly reliable protection against movement is required.
  • particularly narrow joints can be formed between adjacent shaped stones.
  • the void allows the introduction of an additional volume of joint filling material between adjacent shaped stones, which secures adjacent shaped stones against one another.
  • a favorable joint filling material is, for example, sand or fine gravel with a suitable grain size.
  • the shaped stones are preferably intended to be laid without a press fit, with the result that a joint spacing between shaped stones is greater than the greatest cam depth.
  • Figure 1 shows a plan view of a square shaped block 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit 60 of cams 62, 64, 68 and blank 66 per side surface 30.
  • the molded block 100 comprises a base body 10 with an upper side 12 and a lower side as well as four side surfaces 30 parallel to a stone height 18 ( Figures 3 , 4th ). Cams 62, 64, 68 are arranged on each of the side surfaces 30.
  • the cams 62, 64, 68 are arranged in a grid unit 60, which offers space for a number of four cams 62, 64, 68 arranged equidistantly from one another, only three cams 62, 64, 68 being formed and a blank 66 instead of the not trained cam is provided.
  • the outer cams 62, 68 are designed, and the space 66 replaces one of the inner cams. In the embodiment shown, every third cam is omitted and replaced by the blank 66.
  • the grid unit 60 is as long as the edge length of the side surface 30 plus the depth of the cams 62, 68 close to the edge on the two adjacent side surfaces, so that each side surface 30 has at least one entire grid unit 60.
  • An integral number of grid units 60 with cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 are formed on all side surfaces 30, 40, 50.
  • the distance between adjacent executed and non-executed cams 62, 64, 66, 68 is slightly more than one cam width, for example 1.5 times the cam width, so that when molded blocks 100 are placed against one another, there is no press fit between the cams 62, 64, 68.
  • the first cam 62 begins at one edge of the side surface 30.
  • the last cam 68 is slightly more than one cam width away from the subsequent other edge of the side surface 30.
  • the grid unit 60 begins with a cam 62 on an edge of a side surface 30, 40, 50.
  • the same or a further grid unit 60 ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side surfaces 30, 40, 50
  • Grid units 60 have a smaller depth 70 than inner cams 64.
  • the cams 62, 64, 68 are web-like and have a trapezoidal cross-section in plan view.
  • the depth of the cams 62, 64, 68 is only a few millimeters and is preferably in the range from 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of an elongated molded block 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit 60 of cams 62, 64, 68 arranged and a blank 66 on short side surfaces 40 and two successive grid units 60 on long side surfaces 50.
  • Figure 3 shows an isometric view of a square shaped block 100 according to an embodiment of the invention Figure 1 with cams 62, 64, 68 of the same height in the grid unit 60.
  • the cams 62, 64, 68 begin on the underside 16 of the shaped block 100, extend parallel to the block height 18 and end below its upper side 12.
  • the arrangement of the cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 corresponds to the description in FIG Figure 1 . Accordingly, the molded block 100 has two different types of cams: flat cams 62, 68 with a small cam depth 70 and thicker cams 64 with a greater cam depth 72 than the flat cams 62, 68.
  • FIG. 10 shows an isometric view of the square shaped block 100 according to an embodiment of the invention Figure 1 with cams 62, 64, 68 of different heights.
  • Figure 5 shows a detail of a longitudinal section through the shaped block 100 in FIG Figure 4 to explain cam depths 70, 72 and cam heights 74, 76, and
  • Figure 6 shows a top view of cams 62, 64, 68 with emphasis on the different cam depths 70, 72.
  • the molded block 100 On its underside 16, the molded block 100 has a profiling 20 on the underside as protection against displacement, which is designed, for example, in the form of parallel grooves 22 which can be stepped ( Figure 4 ) or simply executed ( Figure 5 ).
  • the arrangement of the cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 corresponds to the description in FIG Figure 1 .
  • the molded block 100 In its grid unit 60, the molded block 100 contains two smaller cams 62, 68 on the outside and a large cam 64 as well as the empty space 66.
  • the smaller cams 62, 68 are half as high as the large cams 64.
  • the representation in Figure 5 is not to scale.
  • the small cams 62, 68 preferably have a height 74 of only about 1/3 of the stone height 18, while the large cams 64 preferably have a height 76 of 2/3 of the stone height 18.
  • the small cams 62, 68 also have a smaller cam depth 70 than the large cams 68 with a cam depth 72.
  • the cam depths 70 and 72 preferably differ by 1 mm.
  • the molded block 100 has two different types of cams: flat, small cams 62, 68 with a small cam depth 70 and a low cam height 74 and large cams 64 with a greater cam depth 72 and greater cam height 76 than the no cams 62, 68.
  • Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 8 or 10 cm are, for example, 2 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 3 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.
  • Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 12 or 14 cm are, for example, 3 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 4 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.
  • Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in the case of a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 16 cm are, for example, 4 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 5 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.
  • the cams 62, 64, 68 are designed with the same width. However, it can optionally be provided that different cams 62, 64, 68 can also have different widths.
  • Figure 7 shows a detail of a longitudinal section through a shaped block 100, which has a profiling 20 on the underside with double grooves 22 as a means of securing against displacement.
  • the profiling 20 on the underside 18 of the molded block 100 according to the invention has several, for example seven, grooves 22 which are arranged parallel to one another and at the same distance.
  • the cross section of the grooves 22 is defined by two trapezoids which are arranged one above the other and taper in the direction of a maximum groove depth.
  • the two trapezoids are characterized in cross section, starting from a first flat surface on the underside 16, by a first slope, a second flat surface, a second slope and a third flat surface at the maximum groove depth.
  • the flat surfaces form shear surfaces, the slopes form abutment surfaces.
  • the depth of the stepped grooves 22 in this way is preferably selected so that individual grains of a bedding material can connect two flat surfaces to one another by bridging the shear surfaces.
  • the compacted grain packing of the bedding can then bridge all three flat surfaces and thus bridge all three shear surfaces.
  • the resistance to shear forces can thus be increased.
  • these shear surfaces press the bedding in the direction of the subsoil (e.g. the foundation surface of a road surface).
  • the aggregate of the bedding cannot move upwards at these points, so that forced compaction is advantageously brought about.
  • the stepped groove shape leads to an increase in the resistance to shear forces, in particular when the shaped block 100 with the grooves 22 is laid transversely to the direction of travel. If, for example, a vehicle brakes in the direction of travel, the braking forces resulting therefrom can act on the abutting surfaces of the grooves 22 opposite to the direction of travel and counteract any dragging of the molded blocks.
  • Figure 8 shows a plan view of a kit 200 of molded blocks 100 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the shaped stones 100 in the kit 200 can have different edge dimensions and can be assembled into a desired covering without an interference fit.
  • the shaped blocks 100 advantageously have the same dimensions of their grid units 60.
  • In the top view it can be clearly seen that there is always a free space between the cams, which can be filled with joint filling material during laying.
  • Figure 9 shows, as a variant, a plan view of two half-stones 102 of the square shaped stone 100 from Figure 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the closed lines around the half-stones 102 indicate the usual stone dimensions in which the joint width is also taken into account.
  • the square shaped block 100 is divided into two halves. If the square shaped stone 100 has a stone size of 150 mm x 150 mm, the stone size of the half-stone 102 is 150 mm x 75 mm.
  • the cams and spaces there are arranged with the same spacing and pattern as in the undivided molded block 100. Accordingly, only the respective upper and lower side surfaces have the cams and spaces of the grid unit 60, while the right and left side surfaces in the figure each only have a part of the Have grid unit 60. Overall, however, when the two half-stones 102 are put together, the grid unit 60 with cams and spaces is again present on the outside of the composite of the two half-stones 102.
  • Figure 10 shows, as a variant not belonging to the invention, a plan view of four quarter stones 104 of the square shaped stone 100 Figure 1 .
  • the closed lines around the quarter stones 104 indicate the usual stone size, in which the joint width is also taken into account.

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Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Formstein mit Abstandshaltern in Form von Nocken sowie einen Bausatz mit solchen Formsteinen.The invention relates to a shaped block with spacers in the form of cams and a kit with such shaped blocks.

Es ist bekannt, Formsteine mit Abstandhaltern zu versehen. Diese erlauben es beispielsweise, beim Verlegen der Formsteine einen Mindestabstand zwischen den Formsteinen einzuhalten, so dass Regenwasser durch die gebildeten Fugen in den Untergrund sickern kann. Darüber hinaus dienen die Abstandhalter als Verschiebeschutz der Formsteine, so dass diese bei Benutzung am Ort verankert bleiben und sich nicht ungewollt verschieben oder verkippen. Es sind zahlreiche Ausprägungen derartiger Abstandshalter bekannt. Häufig sind die Abstandshalter in einem regelmäßigen Abstand so angeordnet, dass bei benachbarten Steine Abstandhalter am einen Stein in Lücken zwischen Abstandhaltern am anderen Stein greifen. Ein solches System ist in der EP 1432871 B1 offenbart.It is known to provide shaped blocks with spacers. These make it possible, for example, to maintain a minimum distance between the shaped stones when laying the shaped stones, so that rainwater can seep into the subsoil through the joints formed. In addition, the spacers serve to prevent the shaped stones from sliding, so that they remain anchored in place when in use and do not move or tilt unintentionally. Numerous designs of such spacers are known. The spacers are often arranged at a regular distance so that, in the case of adjacent stones, spacers on one stone engage in gaps between spacers on the other stone. Such a system is in the EP 1432871 B1 disclosed.

Aus der DE 20 2004 008 747 U1 sind Formsteine bekannt, die Nocken unterschiedlicher Anordnung, Tiefe und Höhe an den Seitenwänden aufweisen, wobei an den Rändern der Formsteine keine Nocken angeordnet sind.From the DE 20 2004 008 747 U1 molded blocks are known which have cams of different arrangements, depth and height on the side walls, with no cams being arranged on the edges of the molded blocks.

Aus der DE 197 05 298 A1 sind Formsteine bekannt, welche aneinander angepasste Nocken an ihren Seitenwänden aufweisen, welche eine formschlüssige Verzahnung bilden, wobei an den Rändern der Formsteine keine Nocken angeordnet sind.From the DE 197 05 298 A1 molded blocks are known which have cams adapted to one another on their side walls, which form a form-fitting toothing, with no cams being arranged on the edges of the molded blocks.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Formstein zu schaffen, der bei möglichst kleinem Fugenabstand einen verbesserten Verschiebeschutz bietet.The object of the invention is to create a shaped block which offers improved protection against displacement with the smallest possible joint spacing.

Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht in der Bereitstellung eines Bausatzes solcher Formsteine.Another task is to provide a kit of such shaped bricks.

Die Aufgaben werden durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Günstige Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung.The objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Favorable configurations and advantages of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawing.

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Formstein, insbesondere aus Beton, zur Erstellung einer Erdreichabdeckung, umfassend einen Grundkörper mit einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite sowie vier Seitenflächen parallel zu einer Steinhöhe mit an wenigstens einer Seitenfläche angeordneten Nocken. Hierbei sind die Nocken in einer Rastereinheit angeordnet, wobei die Nocken so angeordnet sind, dass bei nebeneinanderliegenden Formsteinen Nocken in Lücken zwischen Nocken eingreifen. Die Rastereinheit beginnt mit einem Nocken an einer Kante einer Seitenfläche und dieselbe Rastereinheit oder eine weitere Rastereinheit endet mit einer Lücke an der gegenüberliegenden Kante derselben Seitenfläche.The invention is based on a molded block, in particular made of concrete, for creating a soil cover, comprising a base body with an upper side and an underside as well as four side surfaces parallel to a stone height with cams arranged on at least one side surface. Here, the cams are arranged in a grid unit, the cams being arranged in such a way that cams engage in gaps between cams in the case of shaped blocks lying next to one another. The grid unit begins with a cam on one edge of a side surface and the same grid unit or another grid unit ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side surface.

Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Nocken in einer Rastereinheit angeordnet sind, die Platz für eine Anzahl von n=4 äquidistant zueinander angeordneten Nocken bietet, von denen eine Minderzahl von n-1 Nocken ausgebildet ist und die Differenz zwischen Anzahl und Minderzahl durch eine Leerstelle anstelle eines Nocken gebildet ist. Hierbei sind bei den Nocken der erste und letzte Nocken innerhalb der Rastereinheit ausgeführt und eine der innenliegenden Nocken durch eine Leerstelle ersetzt. Hierbei weisen die äußeren Nocken in der Rastereinheit eine geringere Tiefe auf als innere Nocken.It is proposed that the cams are arranged in a grid unit that provides space for a number of n = 4 cams arranged equidistantly from one another, of which a minority of n-1 cams is formed and the difference between the number and minority is replaced by a blank a cam is formed. In this case, the first and last cams of the cams are designed within the grid unit and one of the cams on the inside is replaced by a space. Here, the outer cams in the grid unit are less deep than inner cams.

Dies bietet einen Verschiebeschutz als auch die Möglichkeit, mehr Fugenfüllmaterial zwischen Formsteinen einfügen zu können.This offers protection against displacement as well as the possibility of being able to insert more joint filling material between shaped stones.

Dies erlaubt eine einfache Ausgestaltung der Nocken. Die Leerstelle ist vorzugsweise durch einen ebenen Bereich der Seitenwand gebildet. Die Nocken sind so angeordnet, dass bei nebeneinanderliegenden Formsteinen Nocken in Lücken zwischen Nocken eingreifen können. Trotz Leerstelle ist eine ausreichende Anzahl von Nocken vorhanden, um eine stabile Verschiebesicherung zu gewährleisten. Der Formstein ist besonders auch für stark genutzte und auch befahrene Flächen geeignet, bei denen eine besonders zuverlässige Verschiebesicherung gewünscht ist. Gleichzeitig lassen sich besonders schmale Fugen zwischen benachbarten Formsteinen in einem Belag aus Formsteinen ausbilden. Bei einem Belag von Formsteinen erlaubt die Leerstelle das Einbringen eines zusätzlichen Volumens an Fugenfüllmaterial, zwischen benachbarten Formsteinen, welches benachbarte Formsteine gegeneinander sichert. Ein günstiges Fugenfüllmaterial ist beispielsweise Sand oder feiner Kies mit geeigneter Körnung.This allows a simple design of the cams. The void is preferably formed by a flat area of the side wall. The cams are arranged in such a way that cams can engage in gaps between cams in the case of shaped blocks lying next to one another. Despite the empty space, there is a sufficient number of cams to ensure stable protection against displacement. The shaped stone is particularly suitable for heavily used and also traveled areas where a particularly reliable protection against movement is desired. At the same time, particularly narrow joints can be formed between adjacent shaped stones in a covering made of shaped stones. In the case of molded stones, the Empty space the introduction of an additional volume of joint filling material between adjacent shaped stones, which secures adjacent shaped stones against each other. A favorable joint filling material is, for example, sand or fine gravel with a suitable grain size.

Der Formstein kann ein im Wesentlichen flaches Element sein, dessen Breite und/oder Länge größer ist als dessen Höhe, oder ein Quader, dessen Höhe gleich oder größer ist als dessen Breite und/oder Länge. Vorteilhaft liegt eine Tiefe der Nocken in einem Bereich von wenigen Millimetern insbesondere im Bereich zwischen 2 mm und 5 mm. Die Höhe der Nocken wird ab der Unterseite des Formsteins gemessen. Die Nocken können unterhalb der Oberseite des Formsteins enden. Bevorzugt ist der Formstein dazu vorgesehen, ohne Presspassung verlegt zu werden, womit ein Fugenabstand zwischen Formsteinen größer ist als die größte Nockentiefe. Ein bevorzugtes Grundmaß oder Steinmaß des Formsteins ist beispielsweise 150 mm, was in üblicher Weise der lichten Weite des Formsteins mit kantennahen Nocken entspricht und die vorgesehene Fugenbreite mit berücksichtigt. Die reine Kantenlänge des Formsteins ist daher geringfügig kleiner als die Rastereinheit, was jedoch wegen der geringen Nockentiefe praktisch nicht ins Gewicht fällt.The shaped block can be an essentially flat element whose width and / or length is greater than its height, or a cuboid whose height is equal to or greater than its width and / or length. A depth of the cams is advantageously in a range of a few millimeters, in particular in the range between 2 mm and 5 mm. The height of the cams is measured from the underside of the shaped block. The cams can end below the top of the shaped block. The shaped block is preferably intended to be laid without a press fit, with the result that a joint spacing between shaped blocks is greater than the greatest cam depth. A preferred basic dimension or stone dimension of the molded stone is, for example, 150 mm, which in the usual way corresponds to the clear width of the molded stone with cams close to the edge and also takes into account the intended joint width. The pure edge length of the shaped block is therefore slightly smaller than the grid unit, which, however, is practically insignificant due to the small cam depth.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können die Nocken in der Rastereinheit zwei Arten bilden, die sich wenigstens in ihrer Tiefe unterscheiden. Insbesondere können sich die zwei unterschiedlichen Tiefen um 1 mm unterscheiden. Auf diese Weise kann das Volumen um die Nocken mit geringerer Tiefe zusätzliches Fugenfüllmaterial aufnehmen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist bei der Verlegung keine Presspassung zwischen den Formsteinen erforderlich, so dass eine Fuge auch zwischen Seitenwänden und Nocken zwischen den Formsteinen durchlaufen kann.According to a favorable embodiment, the cams in the grid unit can form two types which differ at least in their depth. In particular, the two different depths can differ by 1 mm. In this way, the volume around the cams with a smaller depth can accommodate additional joint filling material. It is particularly advantageous that no press fit is required between the shaped blocks when laying, so that a joint can also run through between the side walls and cams between the shaped blocks.

Erfindungsgemäß beginnt die Rastereinheit mit einem Nocken an einer Kante einer Seitenwand und endet mit einer Lücke an der gegenüberliegenden Kante derselben Seitenwand.According to the invention, the grid unit begins with a cam on one edge of a side wall and ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side wall.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung kann an wenigstens zwei, insbesondere an allen Seitenflächen eine ganzzahlige Anzahl von Rastereinheiten mit Nocken und Leerstellen ausgebildet sein. So ist an einer Seitenfläche mindestens eine Rastereinheit ausgebildet. Die Rastereinheit ist dabei unter üblicher Berücksichtigung des Fugenmaßes geringfügig größer als die reine Kantenlänge der Seitenfläche. In einer Ausgestaltung mit einer kleinsten Baugröße des Formsteins kann eine Rastereinheit an der Seitenfläche ausgebildet sein. Entsprechend der Kantenlänge des Formsteins können auch zwei, drei oder mehr Rastereinheiten an den Seitenflächen ausgebildet sein.According to a favorable embodiment, an integral number of grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on at least two, in particular on all side surfaces. At least one grid unit is formed on a side surface. The grid unit is slightly larger than the pure edge length of the side surface, taking into account the joint size. In an embodiment with the smallest structural size of the molded block, a grid unit can be formed on the side surface. According to the edge length of the shaped block, two, three or more grid units can also be formed on the side surfaces.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung kann bei einem quadratischen Grundkörper an allen Seitenflächen dieselbe Zahl von Rastereinheiten mit Nocken und Leerstellen ausgebildet sein. Die Rastereinheit kann für verschiedenste Steingrößen dieselben Abmessungen aufweisen. Dies erleichtert das Zusammenfügen von Formsteinen eines Bausatzes von Formsteinen.According to a favorable embodiment, in the case of a square base body, the same number of grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on all side surfaces. The grid unit can have the same dimensions for a wide variety of stone sizes. This makes it easier to assemble molded stones from a kit of molded stones.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können bei einem länglichen Grundkörper an einer langen Seitenfläche wenigstens zwei Rastereinheiten mit Nocken und Leerstellen ausgebildet sein. Auch hier ist von Vorteil, dass die Rastereinheit für verschiedenste Steingrößen dieselben Abmessungen aufweisen kann. Dies erleichtert das Zusammenfügen von Formsteinen eines Bausatzes von Formsteinen.According to a favorable embodiment, in the case of an elongated base body, at least two grid units with cams and spaces can be formed on a long side surface. Here, too, it is advantageous that the grid unit can have the same dimensions for a wide variety of stone sizes. This makes it easier to assemble molded stones from a kit of molded stones.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können in einer Rastereinheit jeweils zwei kleinere Nocken und einem große Nocken angeordnet sein, wobei die Nocken in wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Höhen ausgeführt sind. Durch das Vorhandensein von kleinen Nocken sind einerseits Abstandhalter vorhanden, andererseits bietet der Raum oberhalb der kleinen Nocken Platz zur Aufnahme von Fugenfüllmaterial und zur weiteren Stabilisierung der Fugen zwischen benachbarten Formsteinen.According to a favorable embodiment, two smaller cams and one large cam can be arranged in a grid unit, the cams being designed at at least two different heights. Due to the presence of small cams, spacers are present on the one hand, and on the other hand the space above the small cams offers space to accommodate joint filling material and to further stabilize the joints between adjacent shaped stones.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können die Nocken in wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Höhen ausgeführt sein. Insbesondere kann eine der Höhen 1/3 der Steinhöhe und die andere 2/3 der Steinhöhe betragen. Damit kann besonders viel Fugenfüllmaterial wischen benachbarte Formsteine eingebracht werden.According to a favorable embodiment, the cams can be designed in at least two different heights. In particular, one of the heights can be 1/3 of the stone height and the other 2/3 of the stone height. This means that a particularly large amount of joint filling material can be introduced between adjacent shaped stones.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können die Nocken in wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Höhen ausgeführt sein und die kleineren Nocken eine geringere Tiefe aufweisen. Das Aufnahmevermögen für Fugenfüllmaterial kann hiermit weiter verbessert werden.According to a favorable embodiment, the cams can be designed in at least two different heights and the smaller cams have a smaller depth. The absorption capacity for joint filling material can hereby be further improved.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können die Nocken in wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Breiten ausgebildet sein. Die Belastung der Nocken kann an typische Einsatzbedingungen angepasst werden.According to a favorable embodiment, the cams can be designed in at least two different widths. The load on the cams can be adapted to typical conditions of use.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung können die Nocken im Wesentlichen als flache Stege ausgebildet sein. Dies erlaubt einfache Formen zur Herstellung des Formsteins. Die Nocken können mit gleicher Breite ausgebildet sein oder die Nockenbreite kann zwischen verschiedenen Nocken unterschiedlich sein. Optional kann die Breite entlang eines Nocken variieren.According to a favorable embodiment, the cams can essentially be designed as flat webs. This allows simple shapes for the production of the molded block. The cams can have the same width or the cam width can be different between different cams. Optionally, the width can vary along a cam.

Nach einer günstigen Ausgestaltung kann der Grundkörper eine unterseitige Profilierung als Verschiebesicherung aufweisen. Insbesondere kann die unterseitige Profilierung von einer Seitenfläche zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfläche reichende durchgehende parallele Nuten aufweisen. Diese können trapezförmige Querschnitte aufweisen. Optional können Doppelnuten vorgesehen sein, wobei in eine Nut eine weitere Nut in deren Nutgrund eingelassen ist. Optional können auch andere Profilierungen vorgesehen sein, etwa Ausnehmungen innerhalb der Grundfläche.According to a favorable embodiment, the base body can have a profiling on the underside as a shift lock. In particular, the profiling on the underside can have continuous parallel grooves extending from one side surface to the opposite side surface. These can have trapezoidal cross-sections. Double grooves can optionally be provided, with a further groove being let into the groove bottom of one groove. Optionally, other profiles can also be provided, for example recesses within the base area.

Nach einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Bausatz aus erfindungsgemäßen Formsteinen vorgeschlagen. Die Formsteine verschiedener Längs- und Querabmessungen weisen gleiche Abmessungen ihrer Rastereinheiten auf.According to a further aspect of the invention, a kit made of shaped blocks according to the invention is proposed. The shaped stones of different longitudinal and transverse dimensions have the same dimensions of their grid units.

Der Bausatz mit Formsteinen ist besonders für stark genutzte und auch befahrene Flächen geeignet, bei denen eine besonders zuverlässige Verschiebesicherung gewünscht ist. Gleichzeitig lassen sich besonders schmale Fugen zwischen benachbarten Formsteinen ausbilden. Bei einem Belag von Formsteinen erlaubt die Leerstelle das Einbringen eines zusätzlichen Volumens an Fugenfüllmaterial, zwischen benachbarten Formsteinen, welches benachbarte Formsteine gegeneinander sichert. Ein günstiges Fugenfüllmaterial ist beispielsweise Sand oder feiner Kies mit geeigneter Körnung. Bevorzugt sind die Formsteine dazu vorgesehen, ohne Presspassung verlegt zu werden, womit ein Fugenabstand zwischen Formsteinen größer ist als die größte Nockentiefe.The kit with shaped stones is particularly suitable for heavily used and also traveled areas where a particularly reliable protection against movement is required. At the same time, particularly narrow joints can be formed between adjacent shaped stones. In the case of a covering of shaped stones, the void allows the introduction of an additional volume of joint filling material between adjacent shaped stones, which secures adjacent shaped stones against one another. A favorable joint filling material is, for example, sand or fine gravel with a suitable grain size. The shaped stones are preferably intended to be laid without a press fit, with the result that a joint spacing between shaped stones is greater than the greatest cam depth.

Zeichnungdrawing

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In den Zeichnungen sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Zeichnungen, die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Es zeigen beispielhaft:It shows by way of example:

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht auf einen quadratischen Formstein nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, mit jeweils einer Rastereinheit von Nocken und Leerstelle je Seitenfläche;
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf einen länglichen Formstein nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, mit jeweils einer Rastereinheit von Nocken und Leerstelle an kurzen Seitenflächen und zwei Rastereinheiten an langen Seitenflächen;
Fig. 3
eine isometrische Ansicht eines quadratischen Formsteins mit gleich hohen Nocken einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
Fig. 4
eine isometrische Ansicht eines quadratischen Formsteins mit unterschiedlich hohen Nocken nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
Fig. 5
ein Detail eines Längsschnitts durch den Formstein in Figur 4;
Fig. 6
ein Detail einer Draufsicht auf einen Formstein mit Erklärung der Nockentiefen;
Fig. 7
ein Detail eines Längsschnitts durch einen Formstein mit unterseitiger Profilierung mit Doppelnuten;
Fig. 8
eine Draufsicht auf einen Bausatz von Formsteinen nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
Fig. 9
eine Draufsicht auf zwei Halbsteine eines Formsteins nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
Fig. 10
eine Draufsicht auf eine nicht beanspruchte, nicht zur Erfindung
gehörende Ausführung mit vier Viertelsteinen eines Formsteins.
Fig. 1
a plan view of a square shaped block according to an embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit of cams and spaces per side surface;
Fig. 2
a plan view of an elongated shaped block according to an embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit of cams and vacancies on short side surfaces and two grid units on long side surfaces;
Fig. 3
an isometric view of a square shaped block with cams of the same height, an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4
an isometric view of a square shaped block with cams of different heights according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5
a detail of a longitudinal section through the shaped block in Figure 4 ;
Fig. 6
a detail of a plan view of a shaped block with an explanation of the cam depths;
Fig. 7
a detail of a longitudinal section through a shaped block with profiling on the underside with double grooves;
Fig. 8
a plan view of a kit of shaped stones according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9
a plan view of two half-stones of a shaped stone according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 10
a plan view of a not claimed not related to the invention
Corresponding version with four quarter stones of a shaped stone.

Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

In den Figuren sind gleichartige oder gleichwirkende Komponenten mit gleichen Bezugszeichen beziffert. Die Figuren zeigen lediglich Beispiele und sind nicht beschränkend zu verstehen.Components of the same type or having the same effect are numbered with the same reference symbols in the figures. The figures show only examples and are not to be understood as restrictive.

Im Folgenden verwendete Richtungsterminologie mit Begriffen wie "links", "rechts", "oben", "unten", "davor" "dahinter", "danach" und dergleichen dient lediglich dem besseren Verständnis der Figuren und soll in keinem Fall eine Beschränkung der Allgemeinheit darstellen. Die dargestellten Komponenten und Elemente, deren Auslegung und Verwendung können im Sinne der Überlegungen eines Fachmanns variieren und an die jeweiligen Anwendungen angepasst werden.Directional terminology used in the following with terms such as “left”, “right”, “up”, “down”, “in front of” “after”, “after” and the like serves only for a better understanding of the figures and is in no way intended to be a restriction of the Representing the general public. The components and elements shown, their design and use can vary according to the considerations of a person skilled in the art and can be adapted to the respective applications.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen quadratischen Formstein 100 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, mit jeweils einer Rastereinheit 60 von Nocken 62, 64, 68 und Leerstelle 66 je Seitenfläche 30. Figure 1 shows a plan view of a square shaped block 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit 60 of cams 62, 64, 68 and blank 66 per side surface 30.

Der Formstein 100 umfasst eine Grundkörper 10 mit einer Oberseite 12 und einer Unterseite sowie vier Seitenflächen 30 parallel zu einer Steinhöhe 18 (Figuren 3, 4). An jeder der Seitenflächen 30 sind Nocken 62, 64, 68 angeordnet.The molded block 100 comprises a base body 10 with an upper side 12 and a lower side as well as four side surfaces 30 parallel to a stone height 18 ( Figures 3 , 4th ). Cams 62, 64, 68 are arranged on each of the side surfaces 30.

Die Nocken 62, 64, 68 sind in einer Rastereinheit 60 angeordnet, die Platz für eine Anzahl von vier äquidistant zueinander angeordnete Nocken 62, 64, 68 bietet, wobei nur drei Nocken 62, 64, 68 ausgebildet sind und eine Leerstelle 66 anstelle des nicht ausgebildeten Nocken vorgesehen ist. Erfindungsgemäß sind die äußeren Nocken 62, 68 ausgeführt, und die Leerstelle 66 ersetzt eine der inneren Nocken. In der dargestellten Ausführung ist jeder dritte Nocken weggelassen und durch die Leerstelle 66 ersetzt.The cams 62, 64, 68 are arranged in a grid unit 60, which offers space for a number of four cams 62, 64, 68 arranged equidistantly from one another, only three cams 62, 64, 68 being formed and a blank 66 instead of the not trained cam is provided. According to the invention, the outer cams 62, 68 are designed, and the space 66 replaces one of the inner cams. In the embodiment shown, every third cam is omitted and replaced by the blank 66.

Die Rastereinheit 60 ist so lang wie die Kantenlänge der Seitenfläche 30 zuzüglich der Tiefe der kantennahen Nocken 62, 68 an den beiden benachbarten Seitenflächen, so dass jede Seitenfläche 30 mindestens eine ganze Rastereinheit 60 aufweist.The grid unit 60 is as long as the edge length of the side surface 30 plus the depth of the cams 62, 68 close to the edge on the two adjacent side surfaces, so that each side surface 30 has at least one entire grid unit 60.

An allen Seitenflächen 30, 40, 50 ist eine ganzzahlige Anzahl von Rastereinheiten 60 mit Nocken 62, 64, 68 und Leerstellen 66 ausgebildet. Der Abstand zwischen benachbarten ausgeführten und nichtausgeführten Nocken 62, 64, 66, 68 beträgt etwas mehr als eine Nockenbreite, beispielsweise das 1,5 fache der Nockenbreite, so, dass bei aneinandergelegten Formsteinen 100 keine Presspassung zwischen den Nocken 62, 64, 68 auftritt. Der erste Nocken 62 beginnt an der einen Kante der Seitenfläche 30. Der letzte Nocken 68 ist etwas mehr als eine Nockenbreite von der darauffolgenden anderen Kante der Seitenfläche 30 entfernt.An integral number of grid units 60 with cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 are formed on all side surfaces 30, 40, 50. The distance between adjacent executed and non-executed cams 62, 64, 66, 68 is slightly more than one cam width, for example 1.5 times the cam width, so that when molded blocks 100 are placed against one another, there is no press fit between the cams 62, 64, 68. The first cam 62 begins at one edge of the side surface 30. The last cam 68 is slightly more than one cam width away from the subsequent other edge of the side surface 30.

Bei dem quadratischen Grundkörper 10 entsprechend Figur 1 ist an allen Seitenflächen 30 dieselbe Zahl von Rastereinheiten 60 mit Nocken 62, 64, 68 und Leerstellen 66 ausgebildet. Die Nocken 62 direkt an den Kanten der Seitenflächen 30 sind etwas zur Ecke hin verrundet, was werkzeugtechnisch bedingt ist.Correspondingly for the square base body 10 Figure 1 the same number of grid units 60 with cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 is formed on all side surfaces 30. The cams 62 directly on the edges of the side surfaces 30 are rounded somewhat towards the corner, which is due to the tooling.

Erfindungsgemäß beginnt die Rastereinheit 60 mit einem Nocken 62 an einer Kante einer Seitenfläche 30, 40, 50. Dieselbe oder eine weitere Rastereinheit 60 endet mit einer Lücke an der gegenüberliegenden Kante derselben Seitenflächen 30, 40, 50. Die äußeren Nocken 62, 68 in der Rastereinheit 60 weisen eine geringere Tiefe 70 auf als innere Nocken 64.According to the invention, the grid unit 60 begins with a cam 62 on an edge of a side surface 30, 40, 50. The same or a further grid unit 60 ends with a gap on the opposite edge of the same side surfaces 30, 40, 50 Grid units 60 have a smaller depth 70 than inner cams 64.

Die Nocken 62, 64, 68 sind stegartig ausgebildet und weisen in Draufsicht einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt auf. Die Tiefe der Nocken 62, 64, 68 beträgt nur wenige Millimeter und liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 2 mm bis 5 mm.The cams 62, 64, 68 are web-like and have a trapezoidal cross-section in plan view. The depth of the cams 62, 64, 68 is only a few millimeters and is preferably in the range from 2 mm to 5 mm.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen länglichen Formstein 100 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, mit jeweils einer Rastereinheit 60 von Nocken 62, 64, 68 angeordnet und Leerstelle 66 an kurzen Seitenflächen 40 und zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Rastereinheiten 60 an langen Seitenflächen 50. Figure 2 shows a top view of an elongated molded block 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, each with a grid unit 60 of cams 62, 64, 68 arranged and a blank 66 on short side surfaces 40 and two successive grid units 60 on long side surfaces 50.

Figur 3 zeigt eine isometrische Ansicht eines quadratischen Formsteins 100 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung entsprechend Figur 1 mit gleich hohen Nocken 62, 64, 68 in der Rastereinheit 60. Figure 3 shows an isometric view of a square shaped block 100 according to an embodiment of the invention Figure 1 with cams 62, 64, 68 of the same height in the grid unit 60.

Die Nocken 62, 64, 68, beginnen an der Unterseite 16 des Formsteins 100, erstrecken sich parallel zur Steinhöhe 18 und enden unterhalb dessen Oberseite 12. Die Anordnung der Nocken 62, 64, 68 und Leerstellen 66 entspricht der Beschreibung in Figur 1. Demnach weist der Formstein 100 zwei verschiedene Nockentypen auf: flache Nocken 62, 68 mit einer geringen Nockentiefe 70 und dickere Nocken 64 mit einer größeren Nockentiefe 72 als die flachen Nocken 62, 68.The cams 62, 64, 68 begin on the underside 16 of the shaped block 100, extend parallel to the block height 18 and end below its upper side 12. The arrangement of the cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 corresponds to the description in FIG Figure 1 . Accordingly, the molded block 100 has two different types of cams: flat cams 62, 68 with a small cam depth 70 and thicker cams 64 with a greater cam depth 72 than the flat cams 62, 68.

Figur 4 zeigt eine isometrische Ansicht des quadratischen Formsteins 100 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung entsprechend Figur 1 mit unterschiedlich hohen Nocken 62, 64, 68. Figur 5 zeigt ein Detail eines Längsschnitts durch den Formstein 100 in Figur 4 zur Erläuterung von Nockentiefen 70, 72 und Nockenhöhen 74, 76, und Figur 6 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf Nocken 62, 64, 68 mit Hervorhebung der unterschiedlichen Nockentiefen 70, 72. Figure 4 FIG. 10 shows an isometric view of the square shaped block 100 according to an embodiment of the invention Figure 1 with cams 62, 64, 68 of different heights. Figure 5 FIG. 4 shows a detail of a longitudinal section through the shaped block 100 in FIG Figure 4 to explain cam depths 70, 72 and cam heights 74, 76, and Figure 6 shows a top view of cams 62, 64, 68 with emphasis on the different cam depths 70, 72.

Der Formstein 100 weist an seiner Unterseite 16 eine unterseitige Profilierung 20 als Verschiebeschutz auf, die z.B. in Form paralleler Nuten 22 ausgeführt ist, die gestuft sein können (Figur 4) oder einfach ausgeführt (Figur 5). Die Anordnung der Nocken 62, 64, 68 und Leerstellen 66 entspricht der Beschreibung in Figur 1.On its underside 16, the molded block 100 has a profiling 20 on the underside as protection against displacement, which is designed, for example, in the form of parallel grooves 22 which can be stepped ( Figure 4 ) or simply executed ( Figure 5 ). The arrangement of the cams 62, 64, 68 and spaces 66 corresponds to the description in FIG Figure 1 .

Der Formstein 100 enthält in seiner Rastereinheit 60 jeweils zwei kleinere Nocken 62, 68 außen und ein großer Nocken 64 sowie die Leerstelle 66. Die kleineren Nocken 62, 68 sind halb so hoch wie die großen Nocken 64.In its grid unit 60, the molded block 100 contains two smaller cams 62, 68 on the outside and a large cam 64 as well as the empty space 66. The smaller cams 62, 68 are half as high as the large cams 64.

Die Darstellung in Figur 5 ist nicht maßstabsgetreu. Die kleinen Nocken 62, 68 weisen vorzugsweise eine Höhe 74 von nur etwa 1/3 der Steinhöhe 18 auf, während die großen Nocken 64 vorzugsweise eine Höhe 76 von 2/3 der Steinhöhe 18 aufweisen.The representation in Figure 5 is not to scale. The small cams 62, 68 preferably have a height 74 of only about 1/3 of the stone height 18, while the large cams 64 preferably have a height 76 of 2/3 of the stone height 18.

Die kleinen Nocken 62, 68 weisen ferner eine geringere Nockentiefe 70 als die großen Nocken 68 mit einer Nockentiefe 72 auf. Die Nockentiefen 70 und 72 unterscheiden sich vorzugsweise um 1 mm.The small cams 62, 68 also have a smaller cam depth 70 than the large cams 68 with a cam depth 72. The cam depths 70 and 72 preferably differ by 1 mm.

Demnach weist der Formstein 100 zwei verschiedene Nockentypen auf: flache, kleine Nocken 62, 68 mit einer geringen Nockentiefe 70 und einer geringen Nockenhöhe 74 und große Nocken 64 mit einer größeren Nockentiefe 72 und größeren Nockenhöhe 76 als die keinen Nocken 62, 68.Accordingly, the molded block 100 has two different types of cams: flat, small cams 62, 68 with a small cam depth 70 and a low cam height 74 and large cams 64 with a greater cam depth 72 and greater cam height 76 than the no cams 62, 68.

Bevorzugte Nockentiefen 70, 72 bei einem Formstein 100 mit einer Steinhöhe 18 von 8 oder 10 cm sind beispielsweise 2 mm für die Nockentiefe 70 der kleinen Nocken 62, 68 und 3 mm für die Nockentiefe 72 für die großen Nocken 64.Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 8 or 10 cm are, for example, 2 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 3 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.

Bevorzugte Nockentiefen 70, 72 bei einem Formstein 100 mit einer Steinhöhe 18 von 12 oder 14 cm sind beispielsweise 3 mm für die Nockentiefe 70 der kleinen Nocken 62, 68 und 4 mm für die Nockentiefe 72 für die großen Nocken 64.Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 12 or 14 cm are, for example, 3 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 4 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.

Bevorzugte Nockentiefen 70, 72 bei einem Formstein 100 mit einer Steinhöhe 18 von 16 cm sind beispielsweise 4 mm für die Nockentiefe 70 der kleinen Nocken 62, 68 und 5 mm für die Nockentiefe 72 für die großen Nocken 64.Preferred cam depths 70, 72 in the case of a molded block 100 with a block height 18 of 16 cm are, for example, 4 mm for the cam depth 70 of the small cams 62, 68 and 5 mm for the cam depth 72 for the large cams 64.

Als Untermaß für die Fugenbreite beim Verlegen der Formsteine 100 ist für jeden 2 mm mehr als die größere Nockentiefe 72 vorteilhaft.As an undersize for the joint width when laying the molded blocks 100, more than the greater cam depth 72 is advantageous for every 2 mm.

In den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Nocken 62, 64, 68 mit gleicher Breite ausgebildet. Optional kann jedoch vorgesehen sein, dass unterschiedliche Nocken 62, 64, 68 auch unterschiedliche Breiten aufweisen können.In the exemplary embodiments shown, the cams 62, 64, 68 are designed with the same width. However, it can optionally be provided that different cams 62, 64, 68 can also have different widths.

Figur 7 zeigt ein Detail eines Längsschnitts durch einen Formstein 100, welcher eine unterseitige Profilierung 20 mit Doppelnuten 22 als Verschiebesicherung aufweist. Figure 7 shows a detail of a longitudinal section through a shaped block 100, which has a profiling 20 on the underside with double grooves 22 as a means of securing against displacement.

Die Profilierung 20 an der Unterseite 18 des erfindungsgemäßen Formsteins 100 weist mehre, beispielsweise sieben, Nuten 22 auf, die zueinander parallel und in gleichem Abstand angeordnet sind. Der Querschnitt der Nuten 22 ist durch zwei übereinander angeordnete Trapeze definiert, die sich in Richtung einer maximalen Nuttiefe verjüngen. Die beiden Trapeze sind im Querschnitt, ausgehend von einer ersten ebenen Fläche an der Unterseite 16 durch eine erste Schräge, eine zweite ebene Fläche, eine zweite Schräge und eine dritte ebene Fläche an der maximalen Nuttiefe gekennzeichnet. Die ebenen Flächen bilden Scherflächen, die Schrägen bilden Stoßflächen.The profiling 20 on the underside 18 of the molded block 100 according to the invention has several, for example seven, grooves 22 which are arranged parallel to one another and at the same distance. The cross section of the grooves 22 is defined by two trapezoids which are arranged one above the other and taper in the direction of a maximum groove depth. The two trapezoids are characterized in cross section, starting from a first flat surface on the underside 16, by a first slope, a second flat surface, a second slope and a third flat surface at the maximum groove depth. The flat surfaces form shear surfaces, the slopes form abutment surfaces.

Die Tiefe der dergestalt gestuften Nuten 22 ist dabei vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass einzelne Körner eines Bettungsmaterials zwei ebene Flächen durch die Überbrückung der Scherflächen miteinander verbinden können. Die verdichtete Kornpackung der Bettung kann dann alle drei ebenen Flächen überbrücken und somit alle drei Scherflächen überbrücken. Der Widerstand gegen Scherkräfte kann somit erhöht werden. Diese Scherflächen drücken beim Rütteln des Formsteins 100 beim Verlegen die Bettung in Richtung des Untergrunds (z.B. Gründungsfläche eines Straßenbelags). Die Gesteinskörnung der Bettung kann an diesen Stellen nicht nach oben ausweichen, so dass vorteilhaft eine Zwangsverdichtung hervorgerufen wird.The depth of the stepped grooves 22 in this way is preferably selected so that individual grains of a bedding material can connect two flat surfaces to one another by bridging the shear surfaces. The compacted grain packing of the bedding can then bridge all three flat surfaces and thus bridge all three shear surfaces. The resistance to shear forces can thus be increased. When the molded stone 100 is vibrated during laying, these shear surfaces press the bedding in the direction of the subsoil (e.g. the foundation surface of a road surface). The aggregate of the bedding cannot move upwards at these points, so that forced compaction is advantageously brought about.

Insgesamt führt die gestufte Nutform zu einer Erhöhung des Widerstands bei Schubkräften, insbesondere bei Verlegung des Formsteins 100 mit den Nuten 22 quer zur Fahrtrichtung. Bremst beispielsweise ein Fahrzeug in Fahrtrichtung ab, können die daraus resultierenden Bremskräfte auf die der Fahrtrichtung entgegengesetzten Stoßflächen der Nuten 22 einwirken und einem Mitreißen der Formsteine entgegenwirken.Overall, the stepped groove shape leads to an increase in the resistance to shear forces, in particular when the shaped block 100 with the grooves 22 is laid transversely to the direction of travel. If, for example, a vehicle brakes in the direction of travel, the braking forces resulting therefrom can act on the abutting surfaces of the grooves 22 opposite to the direction of travel and counteract any dragging of the molded blocks.

Figur 8 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen Bausatz 200 von Formsteinen 100 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Die Formsteinen 100 im Bausatz 200 können unterschiedlichen Kantenabmessungen aufweisen und zu einem gewünschten Belag ohne Presspassung zusammengesetzt werden. Die Formsteine 100 weisen trotz verschiedener Längs- und Querabmessungen vorteilhaft gleiche Abmessungen ihrer Rastereinheiten 60 auf. In der Draufsicht ist gut zu erkennen, dass auch zwischen den Nocken stets ein Freiraum verbleibt, der beim Verlegen mit Fugenfüllmaterial gefüllt werden kann. Figure 8 shows a plan view of a kit 200 of molded blocks 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The shaped stones 100 in the kit 200 can have different edge dimensions and can be assembled into a desired covering without an interference fit. Despite different longitudinal and transverse dimensions, the shaped blocks 100 advantageously have the same dimensions of their grid units 60. In the top view it can be clearly seen that there is always a free space between the cams, which can be filled with joint filling material during laying.

Figur 9 zeigt als Variante eine Draufsicht auf zwei Halbsteine 102 des quadratischen Formsteins 100 aus Figur 1 nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Die geschlossenen Linien um die Halbsteine 102 deuten das übliche Steinmaß an, bei dem die Fugenbreite mit berücksichtigt ist. Figure 9 shows, as a variant, a plan view of two half-stones 102 of the square shaped stone 100 from Figure 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The closed lines around the half-stones 102 indicate the usual stone dimensions in which the joint width is also taken into account.

Der quadratische Formstein 100 ist in zwei Hälften geteilt. Hat der quadratische Formstein 100 ein Steinmaß von 150 mm x 150 mm, ist das Steinmaß der Halbsteine 102 150 mm x 75 mm. Die Nocken und Leerstellen dort sind im gleichen Abstand und Muster angeordnet wie beim ungeteilten Formstein 100. Demnach weisen nur die jeweils oberen und unteren Seitenflächen die Nocken und Leerstellen der Rastereinheit 60 auf, während die in der Figur rechten und linken Seitenflächen jeweils nur einen Teil der Rastereinheit 60 aufweisen. Insgesamt jedoch, wenn die beiden Halbsteine 102 zusammengelegt sind, ist an der Außenseite des Verbunds der beiden Halbsteine 102 die Rastereinheit 60 mit Nocken und Leerstellen wieder vorhanden.The square shaped block 100 is divided into two halves. If the square shaped stone 100 has a stone size of 150 mm x 150 mm, the stone size of the half-stone 102 is 150 mm x 75 mm. The cams and spaces there are arranged with the same spacing and pattern as in the undivided molded block 100. Accordingly, only the respective upper and lower side surfaces have the cams and spaces of the grid unit 60, while the right and left side surfaces in the figure each only have a part of the Have grid unit 60. Overall, however, when the two half-stones 102 are put together, the grid unit 60 with cams and spaces is again present on the outside of the composite of the two half-stones 102.

Figur 10 zeigt als nicht zur Erfindung gehörende Variante eine Draufsicht auf vier Viertelsteine 104 des quadratischen Formsteins 100 aus Figur 1. Die geschlossenen Linien um die Viertelsteine 104 deuten das übliche Steinmaß an, bei dem die Fugenbreite mit berücksichtigt ist. Figure 10 shows, as a variant not belonging to the invention, a plan view of four quarter stones 104 of the square shaped stone 100 Figure 1 . The closed lines around the quarter stones 104 indicate the usual stone size, in which the joint width is also taken into account.

Der quadratische Formstein 100 ist in vier Viertel geteilt. Hat der quadratische Formstein 100 ein Steinmaß von 150 mm x 150 mm, ist das Steinmaß der Viertelsteine 104 75 mm x 75 mm. Die Nocken und Leerstellen dort sind im gleichen Abstand und Muster angeordnet wie beim ungeteilten Formstein 100. Demnach weisen alle Seitenflächen nur Teile der Rastereinheit 60 auf. Insgesamt jedoch, wenn die vier Viertelsteine 104 zusammengelegt sind, ist an der Außenseite des Verbunds der vier Viertelsteine 104 die volle Rastereinheit 60 mit Nocken und Leerstellen wieder vorhanden.

10
Grundkörper
12
Oberseite
16
Unterseite
20
Profilierung
22
Nut
30
Seitenfläche
40
Seitenfläche
50
Seitenfläche
60
Rastereinheit
62
Nocken
64
Nocken
66
Leerstelle
68
Nocken
70
Tiefe
72
Tiefe
74
Höhe Nocken
76
Höhe Nocken
78
Breite
100
Formstein
102
Halber Formstein
104
Viertel Formstein
200
Bausatz
The square shaped block 100 is divided into four quarters. If the square shaped stone 100 has a stone size of 150 mm x 150 mm, the stone size of the quarter stones 104 is 75 mm x 75 mm. The cams and spaces there are arranged with the same spacing and pattern as in the case of the undivided molded block 100. Accordingly, all side surfaces only have parts of the grid unit 60. Overall, however, when the four quarter stones 104 are put together, the full grid unit 60 with cams and spaces is again present on the outside of the composite of the four quarter stones 104.
10
Base body
12th
Top
16
bottom
20th
Profiling
22nd
Groove
30th
Side face
40
Side face
50
Side face
60
Grid unit
62
cam
64
cam
66
Space
68
cam
70
depth
72
depth
74
Height of the cam
76
Height of the cam
78
broad
100
Shaped stone
102
Half shaped stone
104
Quarter shaped stone
200
Kit

Claims (13)

  1. Moulded brick (100), in particular made of concrete, for creating a ground cover, comprising a base body (10) with an upper side (12) and a lower side (16) and four side faces (30, 40, 50) parallel to a brick height (18), with studs (62, 64, 68) arranged on at least one side face (30, 40, 50),
    wherein the studs (62, 64, 68) are arranged in a grid unit (60),
    wherein the studs (62, 64, 68) are arranged so that, when moulded bricks are laid adjacent to one another as intended, studs (62, 64, 68) of the one moulded brick (100) engage in the gaps between studs (62, 64, 68) of the other moulded brick (100),
    wherein the grid unit (60) begins with one stud (62) at one edge of the side face (30, 40, 50) and the same grid unit (60) or a further grid unit (60) ends at the opposite edge of the same side face (30, 40, 50) with a stud (68) spaced apart from the edge by a gap,
    characterised in that
    the grid unit (60) has space for a number of n=4 studs (62, 64, 68) arranged equidistant from one another, from which a lower number of n-1 studs (62, 64, 68) is formed and the difference between the number and the lower number is formed by an empty position (66) in place of a stud,
    wherein the outer studs (62, 68) are completed and the empty position (66) replaces one of the inner studs (64),
    wherein the outer studs (62, 68) in the grid unit (60) have a smaller depth (70) than the inner studs (64).
  2. Moulded brick according to claim 1, characterised in that the studs (62, 64, 68) in the grid unit (60) form two types, which differ at least in their depth (70, 72).
  3. Moulded brick according to claim 2, characterised in that the at least two different depths (70, 72) differ by 1 mm.
  4. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on at least two, in particular on all four side faces (30, 40, 50), an integer number of grid units (60) is formed with studs (62, 64, 68) and empty positions (66).
  5. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the case of a square base body (10) the same number of grid units (60) with studs (62, 64, 68) and empty positions (66) is formed on all side faces (30).
  6. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the case of an elongate base body (10) at least two grid units (60) with studs (62, 64, 68) and empty positions (66) are formed on a long side face (50).
  7. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the studs (62, 64, 68) are completed at at least two different heights (74, 76).
  8. Moulded brick according to claim 7, characterised in that one of the heights (74, 76) is 1/3 of the brick height (18) and the other is 2/3 the brick height (18).
  9. Moulded brick according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the studs (62, 64, 68) are completed in at least two different heights (74, 76) and the smaller studs (62, 68) have a lower depth (72).
  10. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the studs (62, 64, 68) are formed in at least two different widths.
  11. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the studs (62, 64, 68) are formed substantially as flat strips.
  12. Moulded brick according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base body (10) has an underside profiling (20) to prevent displacement, in particular wherein the underside profiling has continuous parallel grooves (22) extending from one side face to the opposite side face.
  13. Construction kit (200) made from moulded bricks (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the moulded bricks (100) of different longitudinal and transverse dimensions have the same dimensions of their grid units (60).
EP19196533.4A 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks Active EP3792398B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19196533.4A EP3792398B1 (en) 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks
ES19196533T ES2903186T3 (en) 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Molded stone and construction group with molded stones

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19196533.4A EP3792398B1 (en) 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3792398A1 EP3792398A1 (en) 2021-03-17
EP3792398B1 true EP3792398B1 (en) 2021-11-10

Family

ID=67928626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19196533.4A Active EP3792398B1 (en) 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Moulded brick and construction kit with moulded bricks

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3792398B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2903186T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19705298A1 (en) * 1997-01-25 1998-07-30 Scheiwiller Rolf Molded stone kit
DE10149250A1 (en) 2001-10-05 2003-04-17 Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte Concrete paving slab has spacers on all four edges, all of which are same distance from each other
DE202004008747U1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-09-22 Lithonplus Gmbh & Co. Kg Modular paving stone with complementary patterns of projecting ribs on edges may be made in several standard sizes for construction of interlocking pavement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3792398A1 (en) 2021-03-17
ES2903186T3 (en) 2022-03-31

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