EP3789564B1 - Reusable modular formwork system for the production of precast spiral stairs and method for manufacturing a formwork for precast spiral stairs - Google Patents

Description

technical field

The invention relates to a reusable modular formwork system for the production of spiral prefabricated stairs, and a method for using said formwork system.

State of the art

Formwork systems for straight prefabricated stairs have been known for a long time. In these devices, as for example in the EP2808143 are disclosed, the formwork is constructed from a formwork space and inserted step core elements. The staircase is cast lying on its side and the formwork system makes it easy to produce different lengths of prefabricated staircases.

In the case of spiral prefabricated staircases, the spiral shape of the finished staircase adds the difficulty that it cannot be cast lying on its side in such a simple formwork. There are different approaches to solve this problem. For example, there is the possibility of keeping entire forms of formwork for different types of stairs in stock, but this takes up a lot of storage space and severely limits the variety of possible stairs. In most cases, individual solutions are needed, in which the total height and the course of the stairs are specified depending on the structure, and the respective number of steps and step height must be adjusted accordingly. For this reason, a spiral staircase usually has to be manufactured on site, which takes a lot of time and personnel.

In the DE 20311936 U discloses a stair formwork for the production of spiral prefabricated stairs, in which individual step boxes are stacked one on top of the other following the course of the stairs and are supported with long supports for each step core. The height of the individual step cores can be individually adjusted in order to achieve different step heights. With this device it is possible to form a formwork for different coiled To erect prefabricated stairs with only one set of step cores, but the time required to erect formwork is still very high. Every single step core has to be adjusted and positioned and fixed precisely. This means that precise measurement work is required at each individual stage. At the latest from the beginning of a curve of the spiral staircase, this measurement can only be carried out from one step core to the next, which means that any small measurement errors from step to step add up. A later correction then means that all stage cores from the error have to be realigned. Since the production costs are still very high due to the time required for erecting the formwork, individual precast staircases have not yet been able to prevail in many areas compared to those realized on site.

Brief description of the invention

It is now the object of the present invention to create a formwork system and a method for erecting such a formwork system for spiral precast staircases, which eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above. The formwork system should mainly include modular reusable parts, which saves storage space and keeps procurement costs low. The time for assembling the formwork of an individual precast staircase should be significantly reduced compared to the known systems, whereby a large part of the assembly does not require complex calibration of individual components and the measurements to be carried out are carried out on a constant reference in order to prevent measuring errors from adding up.

• mehrere in Neigung und gegebenenfalls in der Höhe verstellbare Stützbretthalteelemente, wobei die Stützbretthalteelemente auf einer Grundfläche jeweils dem geplanten Treppenverlauf folgend aufstellbar sind,
• Stützbretter, welche ebenfalls dem Treppenverlauf folgend auf den Stützbretthalteelementen fixierbar sind, wobei die Stützbretter an ihrer im montierten Zustand oben liegenden Stirnseite Ausnehmungen und/oder Vorsprünge zur Aufnahme von Stufenkernelementen aufweisen,
• mehrere Stufenkernelemente von zumindest einer Art, wobei jedes Stufenkernelement an der Oberseite die Schalhaut für eine Stufe ausbildet und an der Unterseite Vorsprünge und/oder Ausnehmungen aufweist, mittels welcher sie in die entsprechenden gegengleichen Ausnehmungen und/oder Vorsprünge der Stützbretter einsetzbar sind, und wobei an jeweils einer normal zur Oberseite verlaufenden Seitenfläche der Stufenkernelemente Stirnseitenschalungselemente fixierbar sind,
• Stirnseitenschalungselemente, welche an den jeweiligen Stufenkernelementen fixierbar sind, und welche die Schalhaut für die Stirnseiten der jeweiligen Stufe ausbilden und
• seitliche Schalwände, welche zur seitlichen Abschalung der Treppe auf die Stufenkernelemente oben aufsetzbar sind. Durch die Verwendung von einstellbaren Stützbretthalteelementen und kostengünstig herstellbaren Stützbrettern, welche sehr einfach als gerade Elemente maßgenau positioniert werden können, wird es möglich, dass die einzelnen Stufenkernelemente ohne weiteres Messen einfach in die dafür vorgesehenen Positionen eingelegt werden können, was die Errichtung der Schalung deutlich beschleunigt. Ferner können die Stufenkerne seitlich parallel zur Vorderkante verschoben werden, um dies bestmöglich geometrisch nutzen zu können.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the proposed formwork system, the formwork system comprising the following elements:

• several support board holding elements that can be adjusted in inclination and, if necessary, in height, whereby the support board holding elements can be set up on a base area in each case following the planned course of the stairs,
• Support boards, which can also be fixed to the support board holding elements following the course of the stairs, the support boards having recesses and/or projections on their end face, which is at the top in the assembled state, for receiving step core elements,
• several step core elements of at least one type, each step core element forming the formwork for a step on the upper side and having projections and/or recesses on the underside, by means of which they can be inserted into the corresponding opposite recesses and/or projections of the support boards, and wherein at face formwork elements can each be fixed to a side surface of the step core elements running normal to the upper side,
• Front side formwork elements, which can be fixed to the respective step core elements, and which form the formwork skin for the front sides of the respective step and
• Lateral formwork walls, which can be placed on top of the step core elements for the lateral shuttering of the stairs. The use of adjustable support board holding elements and support boards that can be produced at low cost, which can be positioned precisely as straight elements very easily, makes it possible for the individual step core elements to be simply inserted into the intended positions without further measurement, which significantly speeds up the erection of the formwork . Furthermore, the step cores can be shifted laterally parallel to the leading edge in order to be able to use this geometrically in the best possible way.

According to a preferred embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, it is provided that the support board holding elements each have an erection section, a middle section and a holding section, the middle section being connected to the erection section and to the holding section via joints at its ends, and the three sections in different Angles to each other via two hole grids or, for example, spindle drives, which are each arranged between the installation section and the middle section or between the middle section and the holding section, are adjustable and fixable, so that the holding section, to which the support boards can be fixed, can be fixed in position at different height distances and angles to the installation section. This construction is particularly simple and the support board support members can be left in the same positions or, if necessary, relocated according to the course of the planned spiral staircase. At the same time, such support board holding elements offer the advantage that they can be quickly adjusted and fixed very flexibly to a large number of heights and angles of inclination. For the course of the stairs, only the desired number of support board holding elements must be precisely positioned on the base area and the height and inclination selected.

Alternatively, it is an additional preferred feature that the support board holding elements each have an erection section and a holding section, with the two sections being connected to one another via joints, and with the two sections being at different angles to one another via a grid of holes or, for example, a spindle drive which is located between the Installation section and the holding section is arranged, adjustable and fixable, so that the holding section, on which the support boards can be fixed, can be fixed in position at different angles to the installation section. At some points in the course of a planned spiral staircase, these support board holding elements of simpler construction can also be used, which only allow angular adjustment of the holding section, but no height adjustment. These support board holding elements can be used, for example, in a very low-lying section of the spiral staircase, or else directly on a landing.

It is also a preferred feature that at least one type of step core element with a rectangular top, at least one type of step core element with a trapezoidal top and optionally at least one type of step core element with a polygonal top are provided, with preferably several different types of step core elements with trapezoidal or polygonal tops with different angles between leading edge and trailing edge of the Top and / or optionally provided with different lengths or widths. In principle, only one type of rectangular step core can be provided, but for reasons of space it can be advantageous to keep several types of step cores in stock, since step cores with a wedge-shaped upper side are particularly useful in the spiral areas of a spiral staircase.

According to a further preferred feature, it is provided that the projections and/or recesses for positioning the step core elements on opposite recesses and/or projections of the support boards are designed as ribs or grooves running parallel to the front edge of the step core elements. With the help of these ribs or grooves, it is particularly easy to position the step cores on the support boards. After the step cores have been placed, they can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the ribs or grooves within the guide in the support boards without affecting the correct dimensions of the formwork.

A further preferred feature is that several types of face formwork elements with different heights are provided in order to be able to be used for different step heights. The face formwork elements require little space and different panel heights can be kept in stock. For example, the different plate heights can each differ slightly by, for example, 1.2 or 3 mm. This means that any desired stair height can be set by using a different number of slightly higher or lower face formwork elements. Face formwork elements of a certain type can also be identified in color or in writing, for example, in order to further simplify the erection of the formwork. When the formwork is erected, the face formwork elements can be fixed to the side surfaces of the step core elements, for example by means of magnet holders or other reversible fastening means.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is a Another feature is that vertical reference walls are provided on at least two adjacent side edges of the base to delimit the base area, which are used for the precise positioning of the support board holding elements and the side formwork walls. The provision of two fixed reference walls on the base area further simplifies the measurement of the support board holding elements and the lateral formwork walls. In order to be able to erect spiral prefabricated stairs in both spiral directions in a plant, the two reference walls can also be mirrored. In this case, a continuous rear wall forms, for example, the one reference wall for two base areas and a partition wall arranged normal thereto between the two base areas forms the respective second reference wall. Predetermined latching positions at defined distances from the reference walls can also be provided on the base surface. The support board holding elements can be fixed at these positions. As a result, only the details of the appropriate locking positions are required and there is no need to measure the support board holding elements, which further accelerates the construction of the formwork.

It is a further preferred feature that a slewing crane is provided at the top of the apex of the two reference walls. This allows easy manipulation of the individual components of the formwork system when erecting the formwork.

In addition, it is a preferred feature that at least one pedestal is provided on the base for positioning the support board holding elements for the higher part of the spiral prefabricated staircase. Depending on how flexible the working space is to be designed, fixed or movable platforms can also be provided, on which the support board holding elements for sections of the spiral staircase located further up are positioned. Drawers for storing the step cores during formwork conversion can be provided under the highest platform.

• computergestütztes Erstellen eines Bauteilplans einer gewendelten Fertigteiltreppe unter Angabe der Geometrie der geplanten Treppe,
• computergestützte Berechnung der Aufstellposition der einzelnen Stützbretthalteelemente gegenüber einer an der Grundfläche vorgesehenen Referenz, wobei als Referenz vorzugsweise die Referenzwände herangezogen werden, oder computergestützte Berechnung der Aufstellposition der einzelnen Stützbretthalteelemente innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Rasters an der Grundfläche
• computergestützte Berechnung der Einstellung der einzelnen Stützbretthalteelemente hinsichtlich der Höhen- und Neigungseinstellung,
• computergestützte Erstellung von Schnittmustern für die Stützbretter und die seitlichen Schalwände,
• computergestützte Berechnung der Anzahl und gegebenenfalls Art der Stufenkernelemente und der Anzahl und Art der Stirnseitenschalungselemente,
• Herstellen der Stützbretter und seitlichen Schalwände auf Basis der erstellten Schnittmuster,
• Positionieren und Einstellen der Stützbretthalteelemente in die jeweils vorgegebene Höhe und Neigung sowie Position auf der Grundfläche, Einsetzen der zugeschnittenen Stützbretter in die Stützbretthalteelemente, Einsetzen der ausgewählten Stirnseitenschalungselemente in die Stufenkernelemente, Einsetzen der ausgewählten Stufenkernelemente an den entsprechenden ausgeschnittenen Positionen an der oberen Stirnseite der Stützbretter, Einmessen und Positionieren der seitlichen Schalwände an der Oberseite der positionierten Stufenkernelemente.

The invention is further provided by a method of making a Formwork for spiral precast stairs solved using a formwork system described above, the method comprising the following steps:

• Computer-aided creation of a component plan for a spiral prefabricated staircase, specifying the geometry of the planned staircase,
• computer-assisted calculation of the set-up position of the individual support board holding elements in relation to a reference provided on the base surface, the reference walls preferably being used as a reference, or computer-aided calculation of the set-up position of the individual support board holding elements within a predetermined grid on the base surface
• computer-assisted calculation of the setting of the individual support board holding elements with regard to the height and inclination setting,
• computer-assisted creation of patterns for the support boards and the side formwork walls,
• computer-assisted calculation of the number and, if applicable, the type of step core elements and the number and type of face formwork elements,
• Manufacture of the support boards and side formwork walls based on the created patterns,
• Positioning and adjusting the support board holding elements to the specified height and inclination and position on the base, inserting the cut support boards into the support board holding elements, inserting the selected face formwork elements into the step core elements, inserting the selected step core elements at the corresponding cut-out positions on the upper face of the support boards, Measuring and positioning of the side formwork walls at the top of the positioned step core elements.

The time required for erecting is shortened considerably by the method described for producing a formwork. At the beginning, the necessary construction plan data for the spiral prefabricated staircase to be formed is entered into appropriate software, which then uses the corresponding calculations for the formwork system are carried out. The cutting patterns for the support boards and the side formwork walls are created. With these patterns, the corresponding components can then be automatically manufactured, for example cut to size, which also keeps the personnel costs and thus the manufacturing costs of the spiral prefabricated staircase low. Furthermore, a plan for the erection of the formwork is created through the calculation, on which the position, the height and inclination setting of the support board holding elements, the number and, if necessary, type of step cores to be used, the number and type of front side formwork elements, as well as the position of the side formwork walls are specified are. For the actual construction, only the positioning of the supporting board holding elements and finally the positioning of the side formwork walls must be measured against a reference. If there is a grid on the base, measuring the position of the support board holding elements can even be omitted or simplified. All other steps can be assembled modularly very quickly and easily based on the given settings and elements, which drastically reduces the total erection time of the formwork.

Brief description of the drawing figures

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein zusammengesetztes erfindungsgemäßes Schalungssystem,
• Fig. 2 eine schematische Detailansicht eines Stützbretts mit angeordneten Stufenkernelementen und Stirnseitenschalungselementen,
• Fig. 3 eine Detailschnittansicht eines Stufenkernelements angeordnet auf zwei Stützbrettern,
• Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer möglichen Ausführungsform eines Stützbretthalteelements,
• Fig. 5 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Grundfläche mit Referenzwänden und
• Fig. 6 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Grundfläche mit darauf angeordnetem Schalungssystem

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following exemplary embodiments and with the aid of the accompanying figures. show it

• 1 a schematic plan view of an assembled formwork system according to the invention,
• 2 a schematic detailed view of a support board with arranged step core elements and face formwork elements,
• 3 a detailed sectional view of a step core element arranged on two support boards,
• 4 a schematic side view of a possible embodiment of a support board holding element,
• figure 5 a schematic plan view of a base with reference walls and
• 6 a schematic side view of a base with a formwork system arranged thereon

Description of execution types

In the schematic plan view of an assembled formwork system according to the 1 the step core elements 5 have been shown as transparent in order to make the overall structure more visible. A total of five supporting board holding elements 1 were positioned on a base area 2, which is delimited by two adjacent reference walls 18, and adjusted with regard to the desired height and inclination. On the support board holding devices 1 each support boards 3 are fixed, which were previously produced according to the desired course of the stairs, for example by cutting. The height and inclination are adjusted quickly based on the information provided by the computer-aided calculation. The support boards 3 were also produced fully automatically on the basis of this planning and can easily be fixed to the support board holding elements 1, for example by clamping or by other holders, such as magnetic holders.

The step core elements 5, 16, 21 are placed on the corresponding recesses 4 or projections of the cut support boards 3. In the embodiment shown, three types of step core elements 5,16,21 were used. A step core element 5 with a rectangular top 6, a step core element 16 with a trapezoidal top 6 and a step core element 21 with a polygonal top 6.

Before the step core elements 5, 16, 21 are put on, the matching end face formwork elements 9 are inserted and finally the side formwork walls 10, which are also produced automatically, are placed on. The lateral formwork walls 10 are again measured using the reference walls 18 or positioned using templates. Such templates, by means of which the distance between a reference wall and a side formwork wall 10 can be adjusted, can also be based on the computer-generated plans are made, as is also the case for the side-form walls 10 and the support boards 3. As a result, almost no measuring steps are required to assemble the formwork largely from modular or automatically manufactured individual elements.

In the 2 and 3 the interaction between the step core elements 5 and the support boards 3 is shown in more detail as a schematic detail section. The support boards 3 are produced on the basis of the computer-aided cutting pattern. In this case, gradations for the support of the step core elements 5 are cut out on the upper end face of the support boards 3 . These gradations are arranged at an angle to the lower end face of the support boards 3 , this angle essentially corresponding to that angle which corresponds to the angle between the respective holding section 13 of the support board holding element 1 and the base area 2 . Furthermore, recesses 4 are cut out on the upper end face of the support boards 3, in which projections 7 of the step core elements 5 are guided. Furthermore, recesses 23 are provided in the support boards between the steps for supporting the step core elements, which allow the protruding rear areas of the respective step core to find space. As a result, only a few types of step cores are required, which are stacked on top of each other with different overlaps.

The step core elements 5 themselves are preferably made of metal and have an upper side 6 forming the formwork skin. With the projections 7 formed on the step core elements 5, these can be easily positioned on the support boards 3, in which case the step cores 3 can then still be pushed laterally within the recesses 4 of the support boards 3 (see Fig 3 ). How from the 3 as can be seen, the recesses 4 do not have to be laboriously cut out even in the case of steps running at an angle to the support boards 3 . It is sufficient to cut them out at right angles, for example using a simple milling head. The projections 7 of the step core elements 5 are securely guided over the respective side edges of the recesses 4 in the support boards 3. Typically they are Step core elements 5 run significantly larger than is required for the respective staircase. In particular, in their respective longitudinal direction, the step core elements 5 have a significant overhang, which during assembly serves to enable the workers for assembly to use the edge area of the step cores as a stairway during assembly.

Matching face formwork elements 9 are fixed to the front side surfaces 8 of the step core elements 5 adjoining the front edge 17 . This can be accomplished, for example, via magnetic connection means. The face formwork elements 9 are also provided with profiles 22 on their underside in order to seal the finished formwork in the transition between the individual stepped core elements 5 and to be able to form chamfers. Different types of face formwork elements 9 with different heights can be kept in stock. The face formwork elements 9 can be in stock, for example, with slightly different height spacings of, for example, 1 to 3 mm. Depending on the planned information, the appropriate type of face formwork elements 9 is then selected. In order to be flexible with regard to the overall height of the staircase to be manufactured, end-face formwork elements 9 with different heights can be used alternately with one another, as a result of which every possible actual overall height of the staircase can be reproduced. The selection and positions of the individual types of face formwork elements 9 result again from the computer-assisted planning and are of course also taken into account in the pattern for the support boards 3 .

In 4 a support board holding element 1 is shown in a schematic side view. The support board holding element 1 comprises an erection section 11, a central section 12 and a holding section 13, these sections 11, 12, 13 being connected to one another via joints 14 in a Z-shape. The individual sections 11 , 12 , 13 could be adjusted and fixed to one another via a grid of holes 15 , whereby the distance and the inclination of the holding section 11 are opposite the base 2 are flexibly adjustable. The adjustment of the individual sections 11, 12, 13 to one another can also be carried out steplessly using other adjusting means, such as spindle drives. However, an adjustment that is as simple as possible is sufficient, since the necessary flexibility of the fine tuning can also take place via the cutting pattern of the support boards 3 . In a particularly simple support board holding element (not shown), no middle section 12 is provided, but the holding section 13 is then connected directly to the erecting section 11 via a joint, whereby only the angle but not the height can be preset.

In the figure 5 and 6 preferred variants of a working space for erecting the formwork are shown. The working space is formed from the base area 2 and two adjacent reference walls 18 in each case. Furthermore, several platforms 20 can be provided on the base surface 2, on which the supporting board holding elements 1 for the higher-lying stair sections can be positioned. In the schematic plan view of the figure 5 two workspaces are shown, which are arranged mirrored in order to be able to produce spiral prefabricated stairs in both winding directions. A continuous rear wall delimiting the base area 2 forms one of the reference walls 18. A partition wall erected between the base areas 2 forms the second reference wall 18 for both work areas can be manipulated more easily. The reference walls also serve as fall protection for the workers during formwork assembly.

In 6 one of the work rooms is shown in a side view, with a fully assembled formwork being drawn in schematically. The platforms 20 make it possible to use the same type of support board holding element 1 at any point on the formwork, even in the upper part of the staircase. Because the individual components of the formwork system can be used very flexibly and are cheap to produce, only a small amount of storage space is required and the individual components have to be assembled Components for an individual stair form requires only little time and less specialist staff than the solutions known in the prior art. A formwork assembly or conversion and the production of the prefabricated staircase are possible within just one working day.

Claims (10)

1. A reusable modular formwork system for manufacturing helical prefabricated staircases, the formwork system comprising the following elements:

   - a plurality of supporting board holding elements (1) adjustable in inclination and, if necessary, in height, wherein the supporting board holding elements (1) can be erected on a base surface (2) each following the planned flight of the stairs,

   - supporting boards (3) which can be fixed on the supporting board holding elements (1) also following the flight of the stairs, wherein the supporting boards (3) include recesses (4) and/or projections for receiving step core elements (5) on their end face which in the assembled state is at the top,

   - a plurality of step core elements (5) of at least one type, wherein each step core element (5) forms the formwork shell for one step on the upper side (6) and includes projections (7) and/or recesses on the lower side by which they can be inserted into the corresponding opposing recesses (4) and/or projections of the supporting boards (3), and wherein on respectively one lateral surface (8) of the step core elements (5) extending normally to the upper side (6) end face formwork elements (9) can be fixed,

   - end face formwork elements (9) which can be fixed to the respective step core elements (5), and which form the formwork shell for the end faces of the respective step, and

   - lateral formwork walls (10) which can be placed on top of the step core elements (5) for a lateral formwork of the stairs.
2. The reusable modular formwork system according to claim 1, characterised in that the supporting board holding elements (1) each include an erecting section (11), a middle section (12) and a holding section (13), wherein the middle section (12) is connected to the erecting section (11) and to the holding section (13) via joints (14) at its ends, and wherein the three sections (11, 12, 13) can be adjusted and fixed at different angles to one another via two hole patterns (15) or, for example, two spindle drives, which are each arranged between the erecting section and the middle section or between the middle section and the holding section, respectively, such that the holding section (13), to which the supporting boards (3) can be fixed, can be fixed in position at different height distances and angles to the erecting section (11).
3. The reusable modular formwork system according to claim 1, characterised in that the supporting board holding elements (1) each include an erecting section and a holding section, wherein the two sections are connected to one another via joints, and wherein the two sections can be adjusted and fixed at different angles to one another via a hole pattern or, for example, a spindle drive, which is arranged between the erecting section and the holding section, such that the holding section, to which the supporting boards (3) can be fixed, can be fixed in position at different angles to the erecting section.
4. The reusable modular formwork system according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one type of step core element (5) having a rectangular upper side (6), at least one type of step core element (16) having a trapezoidal upper side (6) and, if appropriate, at least one type of step core element (21) having a polygonal upper side (6) are provided, wherein preferably a plurality of different types of step core elements (16, 21) having trapezoidal or polygonal upper sides (6), respectively, with different angles between the front edge (17) and rear edge of the upper side (6) and/or, if appropriate, with different lengths or widths are provided.
5. The reusable modular formwork system according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the projections (7) and/or recesses for positioning the step core elements (5, 16, 21) on opposing recesses (4) and/or projections of the supporting boards (3) are formed as ribs or grooves extending in parallel to the front edge (17) of the step core elements (5, 16, 21), whereby a transverse displacement of the step core elements (5, 16, 21) is possible, too, without changing the formwork geometry.
6. The reusable modular formwork system according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a plurality of types of end face formwork elements (9) with different heights are provided in order to be usable for different step heights.
7. The reusable modular formwork system according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that for limiting the base surface (2) on at least two adjacent side edges of the base area (2) vertical reference walls (18) are provided which serve for the dimensionally accurate positioning of the supporting board holding elements (1) and the lateral formwork walls (10).
8. The reusable modular formwork system according to claim 7, characterised in that a swing crane (19) is provided at the vertex of the two reference walls (18) on the upper side.
9. The reusable modular formwork system according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that at least one landing (20) is provided on the base surface (2) for positioning the supporting board holding elements (1) for the higher arranged part of the helical prefabricated staircase.
10. A method of manufacturing a formwork for helical prefabricated staircases using a formwork system according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

    - computer-aided establishing of a component plan of a helical prefabricated staircase specifying the geometry of the planned staircase,

    - computer-aided calculation of the erecting position of each supporting board holding element (1) with respect to a reference provided on the base surface (2), wherein the reference walls (18) are preferably used as a reference, or computer-aided calculation of the erecting position of each supporting board holding element (1) within a predetermined pattern on the base surface (2)

    - computer-aided calculation of the adjustment of each supporting board holding element (1) with regard to height and inclination adjustment,

    - computer-aided establishing of cutting patterns for the supporting boards (3) and the lateral formwork walls (10),

    - computer-aided calculation of the number and, if necessary, type of the step core elements (5, 16, 21), and the number and type of the end face formwork elements (9),

    - manufacturing the supporting boards (3) and lateral formwork walls (10) on the basis of the established cutting patterns,

    - positioning and adjusting the supporting board holding elements (1) to the predetermined height and inclination as well as the position on the base surface (2), inserting the customized supporting boards (3) into the supporting board holding elements (1), inserting the selected end face formwork elements (9) into the step core elements (5), inserting the selected step core elements (5) at the corresponding cut-out positions on the upper end face of the supporting boards (3), measuring and positioning the lateral formwork walls on the upper side of the positioned step core elements.

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