EP3783630B1 - Dispositif de suppression d'une composante courant continu lors du fonctionnement d'un appareil électrique connecté à un réseau haute tension - Google Patents

Dispositif de suppression d'une composante courant continu lors du fonctionnement d'un appareil électrique connecté à un réseau haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3783630B1
EP3783630B1 EP19193135.1A EP19193135A EP3783630B1 EP 3783630 B1 EP3783630 B1 EP 3783630B1 EP 19193135 A EP19193135 A EP 19193135A EP 3783630 B1 EP3783630 B1 EP 3783630B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
current
circuit
partial
core
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EP19193135.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3783630A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Hamberger
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to EP19193135.1A priority Critical patent/EP3783630B1/fr
Publication of EP3783630A1 publication Critical patent/EP3783630A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/14—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias
    • H01F2029/143—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with variable magnetic bias with control winding for generating magnetic bias

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for suppressing a magnetic direct current component in the magnetizable core of an electrical device, with a compensation winding for generating a magnetic flux in the core, the effect of which is opposite to the direct flux component, a circuit in which the compensation winding is arranged, at least one in which Electric circuit and a power converter unit arranged in series with the compensation winding, which enables current to flow therethrough in only one direction, a number of switching branches which are arranged in parallel to one another in the circuit and each in series with the compensation winding and the power converter unit, with a switching unit and in each switching branch a current-limiting choke are connected in series, and a control unit connected to each switching unit, which is set up to actuate each switching unit, so that a current flow is enabled over so many switching branches that an input signal of the control unit is minimized, the current-limiting chokes being designed identically or differently to one another are.
  • the invention further includes a method for suppressing a direct current component when operating an electrical device connected to a high-voltage network.
  • the invention further relates to an electrical device with such a device.
  • GIC Garnier Induced Currents
  • a direct current component results in a magnetic direct flux component in the core of the transformer, which is superimposed on the alternating flux. This results in an asymmetrical control of the magnetic material in the core, which has a number of disadvantages. Even a direct current of a few amperes leads to saturation of the core with magnetic flux. This is associated with a significant increase in losses in the core (e.g.: 20-30%). Heating problems can occur, especially with large GIC. There is also increased noise emission during operation, which is perceived as particularly disturbing when the transformer is operated near a living area.
  • the device mentioned at the beginning and the method mentioned at the beginning are in the EP 3 080 821 B1 described.
  • the device disclosed there has a compensation winding that is part of a circuit.
  • a switching branch is provided in series with the compensation winding, with a choke and a thyristor being connected in series in the switching branch.
  • Phase control is implemented with the help of a control unit.
  • the current flowing via the switching branch in the circuit is regulated by varying the phase shift between the ignition point of the thyristor and the voltage in the compensation circuit.
  • the adjustable current range can be used by a second switching branch, which is the first
  • the Switching branch is connected in parallel can be increased.
  • the second switching branch can be used to increase the achievable flow in the core, so that larger direct current components can be compensated for.
  • the voltage-synchronous ignition of the thyristor or thyristors requires complex electronics that are costly and maintenance-prone.
  • the object of the invention is to create a device, an electrical device and a method of the type mentioned at the outset that are cost-effective, reliable and low-maintenance.
  • each current-limiting choke is composed of partial coils, with two partial coils being arranged next to each other between two metal plates to form a partial coil pair and with each partial coil being equipped with connection terminals.
  • the invention further solves this problem by an electrical device with a core and at least one winding which is set up to generate a magnetic flux in the core, the electrical device having a device according to the invention which is inductively coupled to the core.
  • the invention solves the problem by a method in which an output signal from a sensor, which detects the direct current component in one or the winding of an electrical device, is fed to a control unit, the control unit actuates so many switching units that a current flow occurs in a circuit , which has a compensation winding that is inductively coupled to a core of an electrical device, so that a direct flux component in the electrical device is minimized.
  • a direct current flowing through a compensation winding is adjusted by switching current limiting chokes arranged in parallel on and off. All current-limiting chokes are arranged in series with the compensation winding in a circuit in which a converter unit ensures the rectification of the current flowing in the circuit.
  • the more switching branches are connected the greater the compensating direct current in the compensation choke.
  • a complex phase control has become unnecessary within the scope of the invention.
  • a simple digital control is sufficient.
  • this switches on so many switching branches that the direct current component measured by a sensor in an electrical device is minimized.
  • the circuit of the device according to the invention is expediently grounded at a potential point. This potential point is connected downstream of the switching branches in the direction of the current permitted by the converter unit in the circuit.
  • the inductance acting in the circuit is changed gradually by switching the current limiting chokes on and off.
  • the compensation winding in the circuit acts as an ideal voltage source.
  • a voltage is induced in the compensation winding, which is inductively coupled to the winding or windings of the electrical device.
  • This voltage drives a current in the circuit that is rectified by the converter unit, the magnitude of which depends on the inductance set in the circuit.
  • the circuit in which the compensation winding and the switching branches are arranged is a closed circuit that is grounded at one point.
  • a direct current I DC therefore flows, which is superimposed by an alternating current, with the amplitude of the alternating current approximately corresponding to the value of the direct current.
  • ⁇ corresponds to the angular frequency of the alternating current.
  • L stands for the inductance of the circuit.
  • U eff is the effective value of the alternating voltage induced in the compensation winding.
  • the electrical device When operating the electrical device, it is connected to a high-voltage network within the scope of the invention.
  • the electrical device is therefore designed for high voltages and is, for example, a transformer, in particular a power transformer or a choke.
  • a transformer or such a choke preferably has a tank filled with an insulating fluid.
  • An active part is arranged in the tank and has a magnetizable core and at least one winding. During operation, at least one winding is connected to the high-voltage network carrying alternating voltage.
  • An ester liquid or a mineral oil for example, can be considered as an insulating fluid.
  • it also serves to dissipate the heat generated in the components.
  • any sensor that detects direct currents and provides an electrical signal on the output side can be considered as a sensor.
  • the electrical signal can be an analog electrical one Signal, for example an electrical current or a voltage, the strength or intensity of which corresponds to the size of the detected direct current.
  • the output signal of the sensor can also be a digital signal, such as a sequence of digital values, which were generated, for example, by sampling an analog signal to obtain sample values and digitizing the sample values.
  • the electrical device is designed for operation in a voltage or high-voltage network, i.e. for an operating voltage between 1 kV and 1200 kV, in particular 50 kV and 800 kV.
  • the high-voltage network is preferably an alternating voltage network. But a combination of alternating and direct voltage networks is also possible within the scope of the invention.
  • an electrical device for example a transformer, in particular a power transformer, a choke or the like.
  • each switching unit is an electronic switching unit.
  • An electronic switching unit or, in other words, an electronic switch is, for example, a controllable power semiconductor, which is transferred by a control or ignition signal from a blocking position, in which a current flow via the power semiconductor is interrupted, into a through position, in which a current flow via the power semiconductor switch is possible.
  • a controllable power semiconductor is, for example, a thyristor, GTO, IGBT, IGCT or the like.
  • each electronic switching unit is a thyristor.
  • Thyristors are particularly robust power semiconductors and are available on the market at low cost. Thyristors can only be actively transferred from a blocking position to the through position become. In other words, they can only be switched on or off. In order to move from the through position to the blocking position, the current flowing through the thyristor must fall below a holding current. However, this is guaranteed within the scope of the invention, since the compensation winding generates an alternating voltage in the circuit, which, in the event of a polarization change, ensures a current in the circuit that is below the holding current of the thyristor. If a circuit is to be switched on, the thyristor is permanently ignited.
  • each switching unit has at least two thyristors connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • the thyristors serve not only as switches, but also as a current limiting unit or, in other words, as a current valve. If a thyristor is in its open position, current can only flow through it in one direction. In other words, the thyristor directs the current at the same time.
  • each current-limiting choke is composed of partial coils, with two partial coils being arranged side by side between two metal plates to form a partial coil pair and with each partial coil being equipped with connection terminals.
  • This design of the current limiting chokes has proven to be particularly simple and robust. In addition, this design allows the introduction of an intermediate inductance, which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • partial coil pairs are arranged one above the other, so that a coil stack is formed.
  • the partial coil pairs share a metal plate.
  • the thickness of the metal plate between two pairs of partial coils, which is arranged one above the other is exactly the same as the thickness of the lower or upper metal plate of the stack. If two adjacent pairs of partial coils are active, almost no magnetic flux can be measured in this metal plate, so that the flux of the lower and upper pairs of partial coils cancel each other out.
  • the metal plates with their constant thickness are necessary if an adjacent pair of partial coils is not active, i.e. does not generate a magnetic field.
  • Each metal plate advantageously consists of a ferromagnetic material. In this way, stray field losses are minimized.
  • the partial coils of a partial coil pair are advantageously connected in series or parallel to one another. This advantageous further development allows the number of partial coil pairs required to be reduced, so that material and construction volume are saved. If the partial coils of a partial coil pair are not connected in series, but parallel to one another, without otherwise changing the geometry, the inductance of the partial coil pair is quartered.
  • the partial coils of a partial coil pair are designed identically.
  • partial coils of different partial coil pairs have different numbers of turns and conductor cross sections. Based on the stack explained above, this means that the partial coils arranged between two metal plates are identical to one another. However, the partial coils of a pair of partial coils arranged further up or down in the stack can have a smaller number of turns, but a larger conductor cross section to be able to carry the higher currents that then occur without errors. Of course, it is also possible to connect the partial coils of a partial coil pair in parallel or in series.
  • Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention, which shows a circuit 2 in which a compensation winding 3 is arranged.
  • the compensation winding 3 is inductively coupled to a high-voltage winding of a power transformer, the power transformer being connected to an alternating high-voltage network with a nominal voltage of 325 kV.
  • a power converter unit 4 can be seen in series with the compensation winding 3, which is designed, for example, as a diode.
  • a diode can also be referred to as a non-controllable power semiconductor.
  • the power converter unit 4 allows current to flow via it in only one direction, which is through the tip of the triangle (i.e. in Figure 1 from left to right).
  • the grounded circuit 2 also has switching branches 5 1 , 5 2 , 5 3 ... 5 n-1 , 5 n connected in parallel. In every switching branch a switching unit 6 1 , 6 2 , 6 3 ... 6 n-1 , 6 n and a current-limiting choke 7 1 , 7 2 , 7 3 ... 7 n-1 , 7 n are connected in series.
  • the switching units 6 1 , ... 6 n are in the in Figure 1
  • the exemplary embodiment shown is realized as tyristors, which take on the function of the diode 4 shown in the figure.
  • the diode 4 is therefore part of the switching unit and integrated into it. In other words, the rectifying effect of a power converter unit is taken over by the electronic switching unit. Once fired, a thyristor allows current to flow through it in only one direction.
  • Tyristor 6 1 , ... 6 n is connected via signal lines shown in dashed lines to a control unit 8, which is set up to ignite the respective thyristor.
  • the control unit 8 is also connected to the output of a sensor 9, with the help of which a direct current component is detected in one of the windings of the transformer, which is otherwise not shown. On the output side of the sensor 9 there is a signal which corresponds to the direct flow component and which is transferred to the control unit 8.
  • the compensation winding 3 which is inductively coupled to the high-voltage winding, generates a voltage U in the circuit 2.
  • the compensation winding 3 provides an ideal voltage source for the circuit 2.
  • the induced voltage now drives a direct current with an alternating current component across circuit 2.
  • the size of this current flowing in the circuit depends on the number of active switching branches connected in parallel. The more switching branches are actively switched by igniting the thyristor assigned to it, the greater the current flowing in the circuit 2, which also occurs in the compensation winding 3, so that the inductive coupling creates a direct flow component in the core, which is caused by a direct current flowing through the high-voltage circuit. and/or undervoltage winding is compensated for.
  • the control unit 8 is a particularly simple control unit, since these only switch branches through continuous ignition the tyristors or by omitting continuous ignition, a number of switching branches are connected in parallel, so that the direct current component detected by the sensor 9 is minimized. A complex phase control is avoided within the scope of the invention. According to the invention, a simple, almost error-free and robust device for direct current compensation is provided.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the structure of an inductor 7 1 , ... 7 n as an example. It can be seen that the current-limiting choke 7 1 is composed of a pair of partial coils 10 and 11, which are arranged between two iron plates 12, the partial coils 10 and 11 being provided with taps or connection terminals (not shown in the figure).
  • the two partial coils 10 and 11 form a partial coil pair 13.
  • An inductor constructed in this way can be assembled together with other inductors in a particularly simple and compact manner to form a stack 14, with adjacent coil pairs 13 sharing a metal or iron plate 13 arranged between them.
  • all metal plates 13 of the stack 14 have the same thickness. Only a metal plate is necessary between two pairs of partial coils 13 arranged one above the other.
  • the metal plates are preferably designed identically to one another.
  • the metal plates are preferably plates made of thin electrical sheets.
  • the number of coil pairs required can be limited by appropriate interconnection.
  • Two partial coils 10 and 11 are connected in series, for example.
  • Figure 5 shows the two partial coils 10 and 11 of a partial coil pair 13 in parallel connection. Since the partial coil pairs are according to Figure 4 and Figure 5 Otherwise no further distinction is made, the partial coil pair 13 according to Figure 5 only a quarter of the inductance of the partial coil pair Figure 4 on. If partial coil pairs with full inductance are referred to as L1, see Figure 4 , and partial coil pairs according to Figure 5 , which are connected in parallel and thus have a quarter of the inductance of L1, with L2, can be used with eight partial choke pairs 12 switching stages can be implemented, as shown in Table 1.
  • n is the number of partial coil pairs with different inductances
  • the number of possible switching stages is 2 n -1.
  • the partial coil pairs are graded so that the following partial coil pair only has half the inductance. This means that 2 n -1 switching stages with the same increments can be achieved with n pairs of partial coils.
  • the partial chokes 10 and 11 of a partial choke pair 13 are designed with only half the number of turns but with a doubling of the conductor cross section compared to an adjacent partial choke pair, the size of the said partial choke pair remains approximately the same.
  • the inductances of the partial choke pairs can now be quartered again, so that, according to this further development of the invention, there are four partial choke pairs with different inductances L1, L2, L4 and L8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif (1) de suppression d'une composante magnétique de courant continu dans le noyau magnétisable d'un appareil électrique, comprenant
    - un enroulement (3) de compensation pour la production d'un flux magnétique dans le noyau, dont l'effet s'oppose à la composante de flux continu,
    - un circuit (2), dans lequel l'enroulement (3) de compensation est monté,
    - au moins une unité (4) de redresseur de courant, qui est montée dans le circuit (2) et en série avec l'enroulement (3) de compensation et qui rend possible un flux de courant dans celui-ci dans seulement un sens,
    - un nombre de branches (51, 52, ... 5n) de coupure, qui sont montées dans le circuit en parallèle les unes avec les autres et chacune en série avec l'enroulement (3) de compensation et avec l'unité (4) de redresseur, dans lequel sont montés en série dans chaque branche (51, 52, ... 5n) de coupure une unité (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure et une bobine (71, 72, ... 7n) de limitation du courant, et
    - une unité (8) de commande, qui est reliée à chaque unité (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure et qui est agencée pour actionner chaque unité (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure de manière à ce qu'un flux de courant soit rendu possible dans de si nombreuses branches (51, 52, ... 5n) qu'un signal d'entrée, correspondant à une composante de courant continu détectée, de l'unité (8) de commande soit minimisé,
    - dans lequel les bobines (71, 72, ... 7n) de limitation du courant sont constituées de manière identique ou différente les unes des autres,
    - caractérisé en ce que
    - chaque bobine (71, 72, ... 7n) de limitation du courant est composée de bobines (10, 11) partielles, dans lequel respectivement deux bobines (10, 11) partielles sont disposées avec formation d'une paire (13) de bobines partielles les unes à côté des autres entre deux plaques (12) métalliques et dans lequel chaque bobine (10, 11) partielle est équipée de bornes de connexion.
  2. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de coupure est une unité (61, 62, ... 6n) électronique de coupure.
  3. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité électronique de coupure est un thyristor (61, 62, ... 6n).
  4. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure a au moins deux thyristors montés tête bêche en parallèle l'un avec l'autre.
  5. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les thyristors (61, 62, ... 6n) servent au moins en partie d'unité (4) de redresseur.
  6. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les paires (13) de bobines partielles sont disposées les unes sur les autres de manière à constituer une pile (14) de bobines.
  7. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 1 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les bobines (10, 11) partielles d'une paire (13) de bobines partielles sont montées en série en parallèle les unes avec les autres.
  8. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 1, 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les bobines (10, 11) partielles d'une paire (13) de bobine partielle sont constituées de manière identique les unes aux autres.
  9. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que
    des bobines (10, 11) partielles de paires (13) de bobines partielles différentes ont des nombres de spires et des sections transversales de conducteur, qui sont différents les uns des autres.
  10. Appareil électrique comprenant un noyau et au moins un enroulement, qui est agencé pour la production d'un flux magnétique dans le noyau, et un dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, couplé inductivement au noyau.
  11. Appareil électrique suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que
    il est prévu un capteur (9) de détermination de la composante de courant continu dans un ou dans l'enroulement, dans lequel le capteur (9) est relié du côté de la sortie à l'unité (8) de commande.
  12. Procédé de suppression d'une composante de courant continu lors du fonctionnement de l'appareil électrique, qui est raccordé à un réseau en haute tension et qui a un noyau, au moins un enroulement de production d'un flux magnétique dans le noyau et un enroulement de compensation monté dans un circuit (2) et couplé inductivement au noyau, dans lequel le circuit (2) a au moins une unité (4) de redresseur, qui est montée en série avec l'enroulement (3) de compensation et qui rend possible un flux de courant dans celui-ci seulement dans un sens, et un nombre de branches (51, 52, ... 5n) de coupure, qui sont montées dans le circuit (2) en parallèle les unes avec les autres et chacune en série avec l'enroulement (3) de compensation et avec l'unité (4) de redresseur, dans lequel sont montés en série dans chaque branche (51, 52, ... 5n) de coupure une unité (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure et une bobine (71, 72, ... 7n) de limitation du courant, dans lequel
    - on envoie le signal de sortie d'un capteur (9), qui détecte la composante de courant continu dans un ou dans l'enroulement, à une unité (8) de commande,
    - l'unité (8) de commande met en circuit un nombre d'unités (61, 62, ... 6n) de coupure tel que, par le nombre de branches de coupure actives et montées en parallèle, il s'établit dans le circuit (2) un flux de courant réglable dans des étages de coupure, qui minimise la composante de courant continu.
EP19193135.1A 2019-08-22 2019-08-22 Dispositif de suppression d'une composante courant continu lors du fonctionnement d'un appareil électrique connecté à un réseau haute tension Active EP3783630B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19193135.1A EP3783630B1 (fr) 2019-08-22 2019-08-22 Dispositif de suppression d'une composante courant continu lors du fonctionnement d'un appareil électrique connecté à un réseau haute tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19193135.1A EP3783630B1 (fr) 2019-08-22 2019-08-22 Dispositif de suppression d'une composante courant continu lors du fonctionnement d'un appareil électrique connecté à un réseau haute tension

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EP3783630A1 EP3783630A1 (fr) 2021-02-24
EP3783630B1 true EP3783630B1 (fr) 2023-10-04

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EP3786986B1 (fr) * 2019-08-28 2023-10-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Circuit de réduction d'une part de flux continu dans le noyau magnétique mou d'un transformateur

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DE2723767A1 (de) * 1977-05-26 1978-11-30 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Wechselstromschweisstromquelle
KR101720039B1 (ko) * 2010-09-29 2017-03-27 지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트 트랜스포머의 코어 내의 자기 단방향성 플럭스 프랙션을 감소시키기 위한 디바이스 및 방법
CN105793935B (zh) 2013-12-10 2018-01-26 西门子公司 用于减小在变压器的铁心中的单向磁通量分量的设备和方法

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