EP3782822B1 - Microstructured transparent security element - Google Patents

Microstructured transparent security element Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3782822B1
EP3782822B1 EP20192227.5A EP20192227A EP3782822B1 EP 3782822 B1 EP3782822 B1 EP 3782822B1 EP 20192227 A EP20192227 A EP 20192227A EP 3782822 B1 EP3782822 B1 EP 3782822B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
display
structural elements
security element
security
subpixels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20192227.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3782822A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Bielesch
Michael MAUDERER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Original Assignee
Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bundesdruckerei GmbH filed Critical Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Publication of EP3782822A1 publication Critical patent/EP3782822A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3782822B1 publication Critical patent/EP3782822B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/342Moiré effects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/346Perforations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/405Marking
    • B42D25/43Marking by removal of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/405Marking
    • B42D25/43Marking by removal of material
    • B42D25/435Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07DHANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/003Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07DHANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/202Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching
    • G07D7/207Matching patterns that are created by the interaction of two or more layers, e.g. moiré patterns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for use in a security document and a method for producing a security element for use in a security document.
  • the invention also relates to a security document, a method for producing a security document and a method for checking the authenticity of a security document.
  • a method in which a colored portrait is produced by laser inscription in that a colored pre-print consisting of alternating primary or basic colors R, G, B, (C, M, Y) and additional white areas is locally blackened in a targeted manner by pulsed laser radiation and is provided with shades of gray so that the remaining unblackened color areas convey a colored impression. Since the laser effect blackens the affected areas, a light pre-print with a neutral color effect and white spaces is required so that the overall image does not become too dark.
  • This will be in the document U.S. 2013/0328995 A1 achieved in that transparent regions are arranged between the colored areas, in particular between individual pixels, which appear white due to the underlying layer.
  • a disadvantage of the variants mentioned is the low color saturation, which results from the required white areas and/or the relatively light preprint.
  • the known methods require a light preprint with a proportion of white that prevents good color saturation and considerably restricts the achievable color space, so that the results do not achieve the quality of a printed representation.
  • the colored form and the laser-blackened areas are two-dimensional layers in the material. It is not possible to examine the laser marking and the form separately. That is why it is difficult or impossible to do without further aids possible to distinguish a pre-print personalized by laser marking from a fully printed portrait, which, printed with the same layout, is located under a transparent cover film.
  • Light control films, or louvre films have a plurality of parallel grooves formed in light-absorbing material such that, depending on the orientation of the grooves, spacing, and geometry of the films, maximum light transmission occurs at a predetermined angle, or image blanking or image obscuration occurs at certain angles .
  • the film appears substantially transparent from a first viewing angle and dark from a second viewing angle.
  • the document DE 10 2011 084 819 A1 discloses a method for verifying a security document with a stored second pattern using a display device, a first pattern being displayed on the display surface for verification.
  • the document DE 10 2011 084 818 A1 describes a method for verifying a security document, the security document comprising a visual barrier and for verification at least two images of the security document in front of the display device, on the display surface of which a graphic representation is displayed, are recorded for at least two different viewing geometry directions.
  • the document U.S. 2011/187747 A1 describes in the context of hidden images a method in which a first image and a second image are obtained, the first and second images together providing a hidden image and a decoder such that a hidden image is decoded by the decoder when the first image and the second image are superimposed in at least one decoding position.
  • the first image is printed onto a light transmissive substrate to produce a printed substrate.
  • the second image is displayed on an electronic display and the printed substrate is overlaid at a decoding position relative to the display to decode the latent image.
  • a security item with a disclosure screen and a combined image and a set with a security item and another object contains the disclosure screen or the combined image and the object includes or forms the other of the disclosure screen and the combined image.
  • the combined image contains multiple overlapping images.
  • the combined image includes a periodic alternation of overlapping pixels in a first direction.
  • the disclosure screen includes a masking screen element that periodically alternates with a non-masking screen element in a second direction.
  • the size of the non-masking screen elements in the second direction is greater than the size in the first direction of at least one element of overlapping images, the disclosure screen allowing different disclosed images to be viewed by moving the disclosure screen relative to the combined image and/or by changing the viewing angle to observe.
  • the document U.S. 2017 / 113481 A1 describes methods and apparatus for generating overlay shape images by overlaid base and revealing layers of lenslet gratings.
  • the overlay shape images produce a message recognizable by a viewer or an image capture and computing device such as a smartphone.
  • the overlay shape images can be generated by different overlay techniques ranging from 1D moire, 2D moire and level line moire overlay techniques to lenticular image and phase shift overlay techniques.
  • FR 2 961 621 A1 discloses a method for authenticating and/or identifying a security article that includes a first image.
  • the first image of the article is at least partially overlaid with a second image generated by an electronic imager.
  • a relative movement is performed between the first and the second image in order to enable information relating to the authentication and/or identification of the security article to be observed during the relative movement between the first and the second image.
  • a security element is also understood in connection with the present invention to mean a structural unit which comprises at least one security feature.
  • Security elements are used to protect security documents, which also include documents of value, against forgery or copying.
  • a security feature can be an independent structural unit that can be connected, for example glued, to a security document, which can also be a document of value. However, it can also be an integral part of a security document.
  • a security feature is a structure that can only be produced or reproduced without authorization with increased effort compared to simple copying or not at all.
  • Security documents typically have a substrate, a printing layer and optionally a transparent cover layer.
  • a substrate is a supporting structure onto which the printed layer with information, images, patterns and the like is applied. Materials that can be used for a substrate include all conventional materials based on paper and/or plastic. Examples of security documents are ID cards, passports, driver's licenses, ID cards, access control ID cards, visas, revenue stamps, tickets, vehicle documents, banknotes, cheques, postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and adhesive labels.
  • the security element for use in a security document has a top and a bottom. It includes a window area that is at least partially transparent to visible light.
  • the window area includes features with dimensions less than 200 micrometers (200 ⁇ m).
  • the structural elements are arranged and designed in such a way that a colored image on the upper side is only visible when the underside is illuminated by means of a display or an indicator.
  • the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of coloring subpixels of an LCD display and/or a TFT display and/or a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen.
  • the structural elements are produced by laser processing.
  • the colored image is generated by the size and the arrangement of the structural elements which, when viewing the security element in the direction of its top, cover certain subpixels of the display arranged on the underside when the display is arranged on the underside.
  • the colored image can be an image, in particular an individualized, for example a personalized, image.
  • the image can be, for example, an image, preferably a portrait.
  • the security element does not show a colored image.
  • the structural elements are barely visible and preferably colorless. Only as a result of backlighting or illumination of the underside with a display is a colored image visible on the upper side due to the arrangement and design of the structural elements in the window.
  • a security document comprising a security element
  • the structure created by the structural elements is recognizable as such, but preferably only with difficulty, and in particular does not show a colored image. Since a colored image only becomes visible through interaction with a display, the security element is not fully recognizable as such and can hardly be copied or only with considerable effort. The security element thus has a particularly above-average protection against counterfeiting.
  • the structural elements can have dimensions between 5 micrometers (5 ⁇ m) and 100 micrometers (100 ⁇ m).
  • the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of the color-giving subpixels of a specific display, for example LCD displays (LCD - liquid crystal display, liquid crystal display) and/or a TFT display (TFT - thin-film transistor, thin-film transistor).
  • the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of the coloring sub-pixels of a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen.
  • the structural elements can be arranged and configured in such a way that a colored portrait is visible on the upper side when the underside is illuminated by means of a display.
  • the structural elements in the window area form structures with which for different displays, i.e. displays with differing periodicities of the coloring subpixels, an easily perceptible color information is generated.
  • the structural elements can have dimensions that, for a specified range of the periodicity of the coloring sub-pixels of a display, preferably specified in ppi, when the underside is illuminated by means of a display whose coloring sub-pixels have a periodicity within the specified range, a colored image the top is visible, for example an individualized colored image that can be personalised.
  • a specified range of the periodicity of the coloring sub-pixels of a display preferably specified in ppi
  • a colored image the top is visible, for example an individualized colored image that can be personalised.
  • the security element can thus also be verified in particular in connection with a display with a higher resolution.
  • the structure elements can form at least one structure which has a periodicity which has a greatest common divisor with a plurality of fixed periodicities of the coloring subpixels of different displays.
  • the display periodicities can be matched to the periodicity of the introduced structure to such an extent that the desired Color information or the colored image is recognizable.
  • the consideration of the greatest common divisor and the consideration of the beat effects can also be used in combination.
  • different periodicities of the structural elements are arranged in different orientations, with the periodicity of the structural elements in a specific orientation being matched to the dimensions and/or periodicity of the subpixels of a specific display.
  • the structural elements with different or deviating periodicity are at an angle to one another. By rotating the plane containing the structural elements, it is possible to match the specified periodicities of the coloring sub-pixels of a specific display.
  • the structural elements are advantageously configured as blackening and/or as material removal, for example as perforations, and/or as bores.
  • laser radiation makes it possible to produce blackening in the material and/or to change the material structures by ablation or perforation.
  • Other structuring methods, for example microprinting, for modifying the transparent window are also possible.
  • a microstructure produced by structural elements is preferably colorless without illumination by means of a display.
  • the microstructure generated by laser processing can therefore be recognized as such, but is colorless without a light-emitting display behind it. Once a structure has been introduced, it cannot be copied or changed.
  • the color pixels of the display can be controlled by an application (app), for example.
  • an application for example.
  • the window area comprises a light control film with a large number of parallel grooves.
  • a light control film or lamella film such as in DE 10 2012 109 064 A1 described, arise parallax barriers, which can be used to generate a 3D effect.
  • the structural elements can be arranged on at least one surface, ie the upper side or the lower side, of the window area or in the interior or within the security element.
  • the structural elements can be in the form of depressions, elevations or cavities. It is also possible for the structural elements to differ from the material of the security element with regard to their optical and/or mechanical and/or chemical properties. In other words, the structural elements can have optical, mechanical or chemical properties that differ from the material of the security element.
  • the variants mentioned can be combined with one another as desired. They have the advantage that they can be produced comparatively easily and inexpensively and at the same time significantly improve protection against counterfeiting.
  • the individual structural elements can have a length and/or a width and/or a depth or a height and/or a distance between adjacent structural elements of less than 100 micrometers, for example between 100 nanometers and 100 micrometers.
  • Dimensions in terms of length and/or width and/or distance between 5 micrometers and 30 micrometers and depths between 0.5 micrometers and 20 micrometers are advantageous because they require special manufacturing processes, such as material processing with ultra-short laser pulses, and the structure is not immediately recognizable.
  • the dimensions of length, width, depth and/or distance can assume different values from one another.
  • the structural elements can be designed as bores, ie as depressions with a circular cross section, for example as micro- or nano-laser bores. These have the advantage that they can be manufactured comparatively easily with ultra-short laser pulses.
  • the security element can be designed for a specific security document or for a specific type of security document with specific security information.
  • the structure and the colored image that can be generated with it can contain security information for the specific security document.
  • an individualizing structure can be applied, thereby further improving protection against forgery.
  • a microstructure in a transparent window of an identity document can show a personalized image, for example a portrait of the owner of the identity document, when illuminated by a display.
  • the security element can comprise an at least partially transparent material and/or polycarbonate and/or glass.
  • the security element can be completely or partially transparent, in particular transparent to visible light.
  • the security document includes a window area with a previously described security element.
  • the security document is preferably made up of a number of layers, with at least one layer comprising a previously described security element.
  • the security document has the already mentioned advantages of the proposed security element.
  • the security document can in particular comprise layers connected to one another by lamination.
  • the layers can be, for example, a substrate, a printed layer containing security-related information, and a cover layer, with the printed layer being arranged between the substrate and the cover layer. At least one of the layers preferably comprises a security element.
  • the method for producing a security element for use in a security document is characterized in that an at least partially transparent material for the window area is provided with structural elements with dimensions of less than 200 micrometers (200 ⁇ m) by means of laser processing, the structural elements being arranged and designed in this way are that when the underside is illuminated by means of a display, a colored image is visible on the upper side, in particular an individualized colored image, which can be a personalized image.
  • the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of coloring subpixels of an LCD display and/or a TFT display and/or a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen.
  • structural elements with dimensions in the range between 5 micrometers (5 ⁇ m) and 30 micrometers (30 ⁇ m) can be applied to the material of the security element or introduced into the material of the security element.
  • a security element as described above can be produced by means of the method. The method has the advantage that it enables a security element to be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner, which has a high level of protection against copying and counterfeiting.
  • the structural elements can also be produced by microprinting.
  • the structural elements can be produced on at least one surface of the at least partially transparent material by removing material.
  • they can Structural elements are generated on or in at least one surface, ie the upper side or the underside, of the at least partially transparent security element in the form of elevations and/or depressions.
  • the structural elements can be produced in the interior or within the at least partially transparent security element in the form of cavities
  • the security element can be produced at least partially from a film that is at least partially transparent to visible light.
  • indentations can be produced in at least one surface of the film, in particular by removing material.
  • laser bores in the micrometer range and/or nanometer range are introduced into at least one surface of the security element.
  • These can have a diameter between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 100 micrometers (100 ⁇ m), for example between 5 micrometers and 30 micrometers, and/or a depth between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 100 micrometers (100 ⁇ m), for example between 500 nanometers and 20 micrometers.
  • the partially transparent material can be provided with features with dimensions between 5 micrometers (5 ⁇ m) and 100 micrometers (100 ⁇ m).
  • Local foaming and/or high-resolution 3D printing technology for example by means of two-photon polymerisation, can be used, if necessary additionally, to produce structural elements in the form of elevations.
  • the structural elements are advantageously generated using ultrashort laser pulses, for example with a pulse duration of less than 10 picoseconds (10 ps), in particular less than 1 picosecond (1 ps) or less than 500 femtoseconds (500 fs).
  • ultra-short laser pulses enables precise manufacturing and efficient generation of the structural elements.
  • thermal or mechanical damage to the structural element during processing is minimized or avoided by ultra-short laser pulses.
  • almost melt-free processing with high precision is possible.
  • Ultrashort laser pulses make it possible to provide the surface or the preferably transparent cover layer above a personalized layer of a security document with a structure depicting the second representation, with the dimensions of the structural elements being in the micrometer or nanometer range.
  • the material is preferably moved relative to the focused laser beam or scanned by the focused laser beam using movable mirrors. Due to the short interaction time of the ultra-short laser pulses with the material, the material removal does not cause any color change in the material and the elements of the structure are colorless and preferably consist of microbores.
  • the method for producing a security document in particular a security document, relates to a security element which is made up of a number of layers.
  • a security element which is made up of a number of layers.
  • at least one layer of this number of layers mentioned is produced from a security element or from a security element produced according to the method described above.
  • the at least one layer is connected to a number of further layers, for example glued or laminated, so that the security document has an at least partially transparent window area with a structure created by the structural elements.
  • the method described above for producing a security element can be part of the method for producing the security document.
  • the structural elements can be produced on or in the security element after at least one layer for the security element has been connected to a number of other layers. In this way it can be possible to arrange the structural elements on or in the security element after the security element is no longer directly accessible without damaging or destroying the security element and/or the security document.
  • the window area of the security document is illuminated on its underside by means of a display and viewed on its upper side.
  • a colored image for example a portrait of the document owner, becomes visible as a result of the lighting on the upper side.
  • the periodicity of the subpixels of the display can be matched to a periodicity of the introduced structure to such an extent that the colored image becomes visible on the upper side. This makes it possible to use different displays with different periodicity of the subpixels. In other words, the colored image can be generated with different displays with different resolutions and the authenticity of the security document can thus be checked.
  • the structure of the security element can be designed in such a way that it can be recognized as a frosted surface when viewed from a defined angle or angle range. at When viewed perpendicularly to the surface, the structure is preferably not visible to the naked eye. The structure can be seen under a microscope.
  • the 1 shows a schematic of a security element 1 and a display 10 arranged underneath.
  • the structural elements 2 have dimensions in the micrometer range, specifically less than 200 micrometers.
  • the security element 1 has an upper side 4 and an underside 5 .
  • the display 10 is arranged on the underside 5, for example applied to the security element 1, and illuminates the security element 1 from the underside 5.
  • the display 10 comprises a large number of coloring subpixels 11.
  • the structural elements 2 of the security element 1 are arranged in such a way that when the bottom 5 of the security element 1 is illuminated by means of a display 10, a colored image, for example a portrait, is visible on the top 4 of the security element 1.
  • the colored image is generated in connection with the display 10 by the size and the arrangement of the structural elements 2, which cover certain subpixels 11 of the display 10 arranged on the underside 5 when the security element 1 is viewed in the direction of its top side 4.
  • the colored image can also be modified by appropriately controlling the display 10 or the corresponding coloring subpixels 11 .
  • the periodicity of the coloring subpixels 11 can be matched to a periodicity of a structure produced by the structure elements 2 or adapted to it.
  • the display 10 can be a display of a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a notebook, etc.
  • the structural elements can be created by laser processing and/or microprinting. They can be created by blackening or material removal, for example laser drilling.
  • the 2 shows schematically a security document 20.
  • the security document 20 has a top 14 and a bottom 15 and includes a related to the 1 described security element 1.
  • the security document 20 comprises an area transparent to visible light, preferably a window area 16, in which the security element 1 is arranged or which is at least partially formed by the security element 1.
  • the security element 1 can consist exclusively of the window area or be designed in the form of one of several layers 3 .
  • the layer 3 forming or encompassing the security element 1 can be firmly connected to further layers 3, for example by lamination. In this way, a security document 20 made up of several layers can be equipped with a security element 1 .
  • the security document 20 can be, for example, an identity document, in particular a passport, an identity card, a driver's license, etc.
  • the security document 20 has significantly improved security against forgery, since the structural elements 2 themselves are hardly visible and in particular it cannot be seen from the structural elements 2 or the structure alone which colored image they produce when illuminated by a display 10 .
  • the authenticity of the security document 20 can also be checked very easily and without additional aids with the aid of a display 10 .

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherheitselement zur Verwendung für ein Sicherheitsdokument und ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselements zur Verwendung für ein Sicherheitsdokument. Die Erfindung betrifft zudem ein Sicherheitsdokument, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitsdokuments und ein Verfahren zum Prüfen der Echtheit eines Sicherheitsdokuments.The invention relates to a security element for use in a security document and a method for producing a security element for use in a security document. The invention also relates to a security document, a method for producing a security document and a method for checking the authenticity of a security document.

Hintergrundbackground

Zur Steigerung der Fälschungssicherheit von Sicherheitsdokumenten, insbesondere auch Wertdokumenten, werden unterschiedliche Merkmale und Verfahren verwendet, die eine Nachbildung oder Verfremdung erschweren oder verhindern. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Darstellung oder das Portrait eines Dokumenteninhabers. Dabei hat sich die Laserbeschriftung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, da dieses Verfahren eine Personalisierung innerhalb des laminierten Verbundes erlaubt. Durch die Laserbeschriftung wird üblicherweise ein Graustufenbild erzeugt.In order to increase the protection against counterfeiting of security documents, in particular documents of value, different features and methods are used which make copying or tampering difficult or prevent it. This applies in particular to the depiction or portrait of a document holder. Laser inscription has proven to be advantageous because this process allows personalization within the laminated assembly. A greyscale image is usually generated by laser inscription.

Aus dem Dokument WO 2011 / 124774 A1 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, in welchem ein farbiges Portrait durch Laserbeschriftung dadurch erzeugt wird, dass ein farbiger Vordruck aus alternierenden Primär- oder Grundfarben R, G, B, (C, M, Y) und zusätzlich weißen Bereichen gezielt durch gepulste Laserstrahlung lokal geschwärzt und mit Graustufen versehen wird, so dass die verbleibenden ungeschwärzten Farbbereiche einen farbigen Eindruck vermitteln. Da durch die Lasereinwirkung eine Schwärzung der beaufschlagten Bereiche erreicht wird, ist ein heller, farblich neutral wirkender Vordruck mit weißen Zwischenräumen nötig, damit dass Gesamtbild nicht zu dunkel wird. Dies wird in dem Dokument US 2013 / 0328995 A1 dadurch erreicht, dass zwischen den farbigen Bereichen, insbesondere zwischen einzelnen Pixeln, transparente Regionen angeordnet sind, die durch die darunter liegende Schicht weiß erscheinen. Ein Nachteil der genannten Varianten ist die geringe Farbsättigung, welche sich durch die benötigten weißen Bereiche und / oder den relativ hellen Vordruck ergibt.From the document WO 2011 / 124774 A1 a method is known in which a colored portrait is produced by laser inscription in that a colored pre-print consisting of alternating primary or basic colors R, G, B, (C, M, Y) and additional white areas is locally blackened in a targeted manner by pulsed laser radiation and is provided with shades of gray so that the remaining unblackened color areas convey a colored impression. Since the laser effect blackens the affected areas, a light pre-print with a neutral color effect and white spaces is required so that the overall image does not become too dark. This will be in the document U.S. 2013/0328995 A1 achieved in that transparent regions are arranged between the colored areas, in particular between individual pixels, which appear white due to the underlying layer. A disadvantage of the variants mentioned is the low color saturation, which results from the required white areas and/or the relatively light preprint.

Die bekannten Verfahren benötigen, wie oben beschrieben, einen hellen Vordruck mit einem Weißanteil, der eine gute Farbsättigung verhindert und den erreichbaren Farbraum erheblich einschränkt, so dass die Ergebnisse nicht die Qualität einer gedruckten Darstellung erreichen. Der farbige Vordruck und die lasergeschwärzten Bereiche befinden sich als zweidimensionale Ebenen im Material. Eine getrennte Betrachtung der Lasermarkierung und des Vordruckes ist nicht möglich. Deshalb ist es ohne weitere Hilfsmittel nicht oder nur schwer möglich einen durch Lasermarkierung personalisierten Vordruck von einem gänzlich gedruckten Portrait zu unterscheiden, welches sich, mit gleichem Layout gedruckt, unter einer transparenten Deckfolie befindet.As described above, the known methods require a light preprint with a proportion of white that prevents good color saturation and considerably restricts the achievable color space, so that the results do not achieve the quality of a printed representation. The colored form and the laser-blackened areas are two-dimensional layers in the material. It is not possible to examine the laser marking and the form separately. That is why it is difficult or impossible to do without further aids possible to distinguish a pre-print personalized by laser marking from a fully printed portrait, which, printed with the same layout, is located under a transparent cover film.

In dem Dokument DE 10 2012 109 064 A1 ist die Laserbearbeitung einer Lichtsteuerfolie bzw. Lamellenfolie beschrieben, wodurch ein personalisiertes Element, zum Beispiel ein Portrait, in ein Fenster eines Wert- oder Sicherheitsdokumentes eingebracht werden kann. Lichtsteuerfolien bzw. Lamellenfolien besitzen eine Vielzahl an parallelen Auskehlungen, die in lichtabsorbierendem Material ausgebildet sind, sodass je nach der Ausrichtung der Auskehlungen, des Abstandes und der Geometrie die Folien eine maximale Lichtübertragung in einem vorbestimmten Winkel oder eine Bildausblendung oder eine Bildverdunkelung bei bestimmten Winkeln erfolgt. Unter einem ersten Betrachtungswinkel erscheint die Folie im Wesentlichen transparent und unter einem zweiten Betrachtungswinkel dunkel.In the document DE 10 2012 109 064 A1 describes the laser processing of a light control foil or lamellar foil, whereby a personalized element, for example a portrait, can be introduced into a window of a value or security document. Light control films, or louvre films, have a plurality of parallel grooves formed in light-absorbing material such that, depending on the orientation of the grooves, spacing, and geometry of the films, maximum light transmission occurs at a predetermined angle, or image blanking or image obscuration occurs at certain angles . The film appears substantially transparent from a first viewing angle and dark from a second viewing angle.

In dem Dokument DE 10 2011 084 819 A1 wird ein Verfahren zur Verifikation eines Sicherheitsdokuments mit einem gespeicherten zweiten Muster unter Verwendung einer Anzeigevorrichtung offenbart, wobei zur Verifikation auf der Anzeigefläche ein erstes Muster dargestellt wird. In dem Dokument DE 10 2011 084 818 A1 wird ein Verfahren zur Verifikation eines Sicherheitsdokuments beschrieben, wobei das Sicherheitsdokument eine Sichtbarriere umfasst und zur Verifikation mindestens zwei Abbildungen des Sicherheitsdokuments vor der Anzeigevorrichtung, auf deren Anzeigefläche eine grafische Darstellung zur Anzeige gebracht wird, für mindestens zwei unterschiedliche Betrachtungsgeometrierichtungen erfasst werden.In the document DE 10 2011 084 819 A1 discloses a method for verifying a security document with a stored second pattern using a display device, a first pattern being displayed on the display surface for verification. In the document DE 10 2011 084 818 A1 describes a method for verifying a security document, the security document comprising a visual barrier and for verification at least two images of the security document in front of the display device, on the display surface of which a graphic representation is displayed, are recorded for at least two different viewing geometry directions.

Das Dokument US 2011 / 187747 A1 beschreibt im Zusammenhang mit versteckten Bildern ein Verfahren, bei dem ein erstes Bild und ein zweites Bild erhalten werden, wobei das erste und das zweite Bild gemeinsam ein verstecktes Bild und einen Decodierer bereitstellen, so dass ein verstecktes Bild vom Decodierer decodiert wird, wenn das erste Bild und das zweite Bild in mindestens eine Decodierungsposition überlagert werden. Das erste Bild wird auf ein lichtdurchlässiges Substrat gedruckt, um ein gedrucktes Substrat zu erzeugen. Das zweite Bild wird auf einer elektronischen Anzeige angezeigt und das gedruckte Substrat wird relativ zur Anzeige an einer Decodierungsposition überlagert, um das verborgene Bild zu decodieren.The document U.S. 2011/187747 A1 describes in the context of hidden images a method in which a first image and a second image are obtained, the first and second images together providing a hidden image and a decoder such that a hidden image is decoded by the decoder when the first image and the second image are superimposed in at least one decoding position. The first image is printed onto a light transmissive substrate to produce a printed substrate. The second image is displayed on an electronic display and the printed substrate is overlaid at a decoding position relative to the display to decode the latent image.

In dem Dokument US 2018 / 304668 A1 sind ein Sicherheitsartikel mit einem Offenbarungsbildschirm und einem kombinierten Bild sowie ein Set mit einem Sicherheitsartikel und einem weiteren Objekt offenbart. Der Sicherheitsartikel enthält den Offenbarungsbildschirm oder das kombinierte Bild und das Objekt enthält oder bildet das jeweils andere des Offenbarungsbildschirms und des kombinierten Bildes. Das kombinierte Bild enthält mehrere überlappende Bilder. Das kombinierte Bild enthält einen periodischen Wechsel überlappender Bildelemente in einer ersten Richtung. Der Offenbarungsbildschirm enthält ein Maskierungsbildschirmelement, das sich periodisch mit einem nicht maskierenden Bildschirmelement in einer zweiten Richtung abwechselt. Die Größe der nicht maskierenden Bildschirmelemente in der zweiten Richtung ist größer als die Größe in der ersten Richtung von mindestens einem Element überlappender Bilder, wobei der Offenbarungsbildschirm es ermöglicht, verschiedene offenbarte Bilder durch Bewegen des Offenbarungsbildschirms relativ zum kombinierten Bild und / oder durch Ändern des Beobachtungswinkels zu beobachten.In the document US2018/304668A1 a security item with a disclosure screen and a combined image and a set with a security item and another object are disclosed. The security item contains the disclosure screen or the combined image and the object includes or forms the other of the disclosure screen and the combined image. The combined image contains multiple overlapping images. The combined image includes a periodic alternation of overlapping pixels in a first direction. The disclosure screen includes a masking screen element that periodically alternates with a non-masking screen element in a second direction. The size of the non-masking screen elements in the second direction is greater than the size in the first direction of at least one element of overlapping images, the disclosure screen allowing different disclosed images to be viewed by moving the disclosure screen relative to the combined image and/or by changing the viewing angle to observe.

Das Dokument US 2017 / 113481 A1 beschreibt Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Erzeugen von Überlagerungsformbildern durch überlagerte Basis- und offenbarende Schichten von Lenslet-Gittern. Die Überlagerungsformbilder erzeugen eine von einer betrachtenden Person oder einer Bilderfassungs- und Rechenvorrichtung in der Art eines Smartphones erkennbare Nachricht. Die Überlagerungsformbilder können durch unterschiedliche Überlagerungstechniken erzeugt werden, die von 1D-Moire-, 2D-Moire- und Niveaulinien-Moire-Überlagerungstechniken bis zu Lentikularbild- und Phasenverschiebungsüberlagerungstechniken reichen.The document U.S. 2017 / 113481 A1 describes methods and apparatus for generating overlay shape images by overlaid base and revealing layers of lenslet gratings. The overlay shape images produce a message recognizable by a viewer or an image capture and computing device such as a smartphone. The overlay shape images can be generated by different overlay techniques ranging from 1D moire, 2D moire and level line moire overlay techniques to lenticular image and phase shift overlay techniques.

In dem Dokument FR 2 961 621 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Authentifizieren und / oder Identifizieren eines Sicherheitsartikels offenbart, der ein erstes Bild umfasst. Das erste Bild des Artikels wird zumindest teilweise mit einem zweiten Bild überlagert, das von einem elektronischen Bildgeber erzeugt wird. Es wird eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Bild ausgeführt, um während der Relativbewegung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Bild das Beobachten einer Information zu ermöglichen, die sich auf die Authentifizierung und / oder Identifizierung des Sicherheitsartikels bezieht.In the document FR 2 961 621 A1 discloses a method for authenticating and/or identifying a security article that includes a first image. The first image of the article is at least partially overlaid with a second image generated by an electronic imager. A relative movement is performed between the first and the second image in order to enable information relating to the authentication and/or identification of the security article to be observed during the relative movement between the first and the second image.

Die folgenden Definitionen sind aus dem Dokument EP 2 738 624 B1 übernommen worden. Wie bereits dort definiert, wird auch im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung unter einem Sicherheitselement eine bauliche Einheit verstanden, die zumindest ein Sicherheitsmerkmal umfasst. Sicherheitselemente dienen dazu, Sicherheitsdokumente, die auch Wertdokumente umfassen, gegen Fälschung oder Kopieren zu sichern. Ein Sicherheitsmerkmal kann eine selbständige bauliche Einheit sein, die mit einem Sicherheitsdokument, welches auch ein Wertdokument sein kann, verbunden, beispielsweise verklebt, werden kann. Es kann sich aber auch um einen integralen Bestandteil eines Sicherheitsdokuments handeln.The following definitions are from the document EP 2 738 624 B1 been taken over. As already defined there, a security element is also understood in connection with the present invention to mean a structural unit which comprises at least one security feature. Security elements are used to protect security documents, which also include documents of value, against forgery or copying. A security feature can be an independent structural unit that can be connected, for example glued, to a security document, which can also be a document of value. However, it can also be an integral part of a security document.

Ein Sicherheitsmerkmal ist eine Struktur, die nur mit erhöhtem Aufwand gegenüber einfachem Kopieren oder gar nicht unautorisiert herstellbar oder reproduzierbar ist. Sicherheitsdokumente weisen typischerweise ein Substrat, eine Druckschicht und optional eine transparente Deckschicht auf. Ein Substrat ist eine Trägerstruktur, auf welche die Druckschicht mit Informationen, Bildern, Mustern und dergleichen aufgebracht wird. Als Materialien für ein Substrat kommen unter anderem alle fachüblichen Werkstoffe auf Papier- und / oder Kunststoffbasis in Frage. Beispiele für Sicherheitsdokumente sind Personalausweise, Reisepässe, Führerscheine, ID-Karten, Zugangskontrollausweise, Visa, Steuerzeichen, Tickets, Kraftfahrzeugpapiere, Banknoten, Schecks, Postwertzeichen, Kreditkarten, beliebige Chipkarten und Haftetiketten.A security feature is a structure that can only be produced or reproduced without authorization with increased effort compared to simple copying or not at all. Security documents typically have a substrate, a printing layer and optionally a transparent cover layer. A substrate is a supporting structure onto which the printed layer with information, images, patterns and the like is applied. Materials that can be used for a substrate include all conventional materials based on paper and/or plastic. Examples of security documents are ID cards, passports, driver's licenses, ID cards, access control ID cards, visas, revenue stamps, tickets, vehicle documents, banknotes, cheques, postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and adhesive labels.

Zusammenfassungsummary

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Fälschungssicherheit von Sicherheitselementen und Sicherheitsdokumenten weiter zu verbessern.It is the object of the invention to further improve the security against forgery of security elements and security documents.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Sicherheitselement zur Verwendung für ein Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 1, ein Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 9, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselements nach Anspruch 10, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitsdokuments nach Anspruch 13 und ein Verfahren zum Prüfen der Echtheit eines Sicherheitsdokuments nach Anspruch 14 gelöst. Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand von abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by a security element for use for a security document according to claim 1, a security document according to claim 9, a method for producing a security element according to claim 10, a method for producing a security document according to claim 13 and a method for checking the authenticity of a security document Claim 14 solved. Configurations are the subject of dependent claims.

Das Sicherheitselement zur Verwendung für ein Sicherheitsdokument weist eine Oberseite und eine Unterseite auf. Es umfasst einen für sichtbares Licht zumindest teilweise transparent ausgestalteten Fensterbereich. Der Fensterbereich umfasst Strukturelemente mit Abmessungen von weniger als 200 Mikrometern (200 µm). Die Strukturelemente sind so angeordnet und ausgestaltet, dass erst bei einer Beleuchtung der Unterseite mittels eines Displays bzw. einer Anzeige eine farbige Abbildung auf der Oberseite sichtbar ist. Hierbei sind die Abmessungen der Strukturelemente auf die Abmessungen farbgebender Subpixel eines LCD-Displays und / oder eines TFT-Displays und / oder eines Displays eines Mobiltelefons und / oder eines Smartphones und / oder eines Tablets und / oder eines Computerbildschirms abgestimmt. Die Strukturelemente sind durch Laserbearbeitung erzeugt. Die farbige Abbildung wird durch die Größe und die Anordnung der Strukturelemente erzeugt, welche bei einer Betrachtung des Sicherheitselements in Richtung seiner Oberseite bestimmte Subpixel des an der Unterseite angeordneten Displays verdecken, wenn das Display an der Unterseite angeordnet ist. Die farbige Abbildung kann eine Abbildung sein, insbesondere eine individualisierte, zum Beispiel eine personalisierte, Abbildung.The security element for use in a security document has a top and a bottom. It includes a window area that is at least partially transparent to visible light. The window area includes features with dimensions less than 200 micrometers (200 µm). The structural elements are arranged and designed in such a way that a colored image on the upper side is only visible when the underside is illuminated by means of a display or an indicator. Here, the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of coloring subpixels of an LCD display and/or a TFT display and/or a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen. The structural elements are produced by laser processing. The colored image is generated by the size and the arrangement of the structural elements which, when viewing the security element in the direction of its top, cover certain subpixels of the display arranged on the underside when the display is arranged on the underside. The colored image can be an image, in particular an individualized, for example a personalized, image.

Bei der Abbildung kann es sich zum Beispiel um ein Bild, vorzugsweise ein Portrait, handeln. Mit anderen Worten zeigt das Sicherheitselement ohne eine Hinterleuchtung durch ein Display keine farbige Abbildung. Die Strukturelemente sind kaum sichtbar und vorzugsweise farblos. Erst infolge einer Hinterleuchtung oder Beleuchtung der Unterseite mit einem Display wird durch die Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Strukturelemente im Fenster auf der Oberseite eine farbige Abbildung sichtbar.The image can be, for example, an image, preferably a portrait. In other words, without backlighting by a display, the security element does not show a colored image. The structural elements are barely visible and preferably colorless. Only as a result of backlighting or illumination of the underside with a display is a colored image visible on the upper side due to the arrangement and design of the structural elements in the window.

Die Echtheit eines ein Sicherheitselement umfassenden Sicherheitsdokuments ist mithilfe eines einfachen Displays leicht überprüfbar. Gleichzeitig ist die durch die Strukturelemente erzeugte Struktur als solche erkennbar, allerdings bevorzugt nur schwer erkennbar, und zeigt insbesondere keine farbige Abbildung. Da eine farbige Abbildung erst durch das Zusammenwirken mit einem Display sichtbar wird, ist das Sicherheitselement einerseits als solches nicht vollständig erkennbar und andererseits kaum oder nur mit erheblichem Aufwand kopierbar. Das Sicherheitselement weist damit eine besonders überdurchschnittlich hohe Fälschungssicherheit auf.The authenticity of a security document comprising a security element can be easily checked using a simple display. At the same time, the structure created by the structural elements is recognizable as such, but preferably only with difficulty, and in particular does not show a colored image. Since a colored image only becomes visible through interaction with a display, the security element is not fully recognizable as such and can hardly be copied or only with considerable effort. The security element thus has a particularly above-average protection against counterfeiting.

Die Strukturelemente können Abmessungen zwischen 5 Mikrometern (5 µm) und 100 Mikrometern (100 µm) aufweisen. Hierbei sind die Abmessungen der Strukturelemente auf die Abmessungen der farbgebenden Subpixel eines bestimmten Displays, zum Beispiel LCD-Displays (LCD - liquid crystal display, Flüssigkristallanzeige) und / oder eines TFT-Displays (TFT - thin-film transistor, Dünnfilmtransistor) abgestimmt. Die Abmessungen der Strukturelemente sind auf die Abmessungen der farbgebenden Subpixel eines Displays eines Mobiltelefons und / oder eines Smartphones und / oder eines Tablets und / oder eines Computerbildschirms abgestimmt.The structural elements can have dimensions between 5 micrometers (5 µm) and 100 micrometers (100 µm). Here, the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of the color-giving subpixels of a specific display, for example LCD displays (LCD - liquid crystal display, liquid crystal display) and/or a TFT display (TFT - thin-film transistor, thin-film transistor). The dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of the coloring sub-pixels of a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen.

Dadurch kann die Echtheit des Sicherheitselements bzw. des damit ausgestatteten Sicherheitsdokuments mithilfe zahlreicher verschiedener, insbesondere tragbarer, Geräte leicht und räumlich flexibel überprüft werden. Dabei können die Strukturelemente so angeordnet und ausgestaltet sein, dass bei einer Beleuchtung der Unterseite mittels eines Displays auf der Oberseite ein farbiges Portrait sichtbar ist.As a result, the authenticity of the security element or of the security document equipped with it can be checked easily and spatially flexibly using numerous different, in particular portable, devices. The structural elements can be arranged and configured in such a way that a colored portrait is visible on the upper side when the underside is illuminated by means of a display.

Damit entsprechende farbgebenden Subpixel eines Displays abgedeckt werden, ist es erforderlich, dass die Strukturelemente ähnliche Dimensionen bzw. Abmessungen wie diese haben. Durch geringe Abweichungen entstehen charakteristische Moireeffekte, welche durch Drehung des Sicherheitselements relativ zu dem Display veränderlich sind. Unter Beachtung der verschiedenen Periodizitäten, insbesondere räumlichen Periodizitäten, der farbgebenden Subpixel der Displays, angegeben in ppi, und bei Verwendung von Abständen, die unter Berücksichtigung von Schwebungseffekten dieser Periodizitäten auftreten, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Strukturelemente in dem Fensterbereich Strukturen bilden, mit welchen für unterschiedliche Displays, also Displays mit voneinander abweichenden Periodizitäten der farbgebenden Subpixel, eine gut wahrnehmbare Farbinformation erzeugt wird. Zum Beispiel können die Strukturelemente Abmessungen aufweisen, die für einen festgelegten Bereich der Periodizität der farbgebenden Subpixel eines Displays, vorzugsweise angegeben in ppi, bei einer Beleuchtung der Unterseite mittels eines Displays, dessen farbgebende Subpixel eine Periodizität innerhalb des festgelegten Bereichs aufweisen, eine farbige Abbildung auf der Oberseite sichtbar ist, zum Beispiel eine individualisierte farbige Abbildung, die personalisiert sein kann. Hierdurch wird einer Variation der Pixelabstände verschiedener Display Rechnung getragen. Das Sicherheitselement ist damit insbesondere auch in Verbindung mit einem Display mit einer höheren Auflösung verifizierbar.So that corresponding color-giving subpixels of a display are covered, it is necessary for the structural elements to have dimensions or dimensions similar to these. Small deviations result in characteristic moiré effects, which can be changed relative to the display by rotating the security element. Taking into account the various periodicities, in particular spatial periodicities, of the color-giving subpixels of the displays, specified in ppi, and using distances that occur taking into account beat effects of these periodicities, it is advantageous if the structural elements in the window area form structures with which for different displays, i.e. displays with differing periodicities of the coloring subpixels, an easily perceptible color information is generated. For example, the structural elements can have dimensions that, for a specified range of the periodicity of the coloring sub-pixels of a display, preferably specified in ppi, when the underside is illuminated by means of a display whose coloring sub-pixels have a periodicity within the specified range, a colored image the top is visible, for example an individualized colored image that can be personalised. This allows for a variation in the pixel spacing of different displays. The security element can thus also be verified in particular in connection with a display with a higher resolution.

In einer weiteren Variante können die Strukturelemente mindestens eine Struktur bilden, die eine Periodizität aufweist, die einen größten gemeinsamen Teiler mit einer Mehrzahl an festgelegten Periodizitäten der farbgebenden Subpixel verschiedener Displays hat. Durch eine Ansteuerung des verwendeten Displays lassen sich die Displayperiodizitäten mit der Periodizität der eingebrachten Struktur soweit in Übereinstimmung bringen, dass die gewünschte Farbinformation bzw. die farbige Abbildung erkennbar wird. Die Berücksichtigung des größten gemeinsamen Teilers und die Berücksichtigung der Schwebungseffekte sind auch in Kombination anwendbar.In a further variant, the structure elements can form at least one structure which has a periodicity which has a greatest common divisor with a plurality of fixed periodicities of the coloring subpixels of different displays. By controlling the display used, the display periodicities can be matched to the periodicity of the introduced structure to such an extent that the desired Color information or the colored image is recognizable. The consideration of the greatest common divisor and the consideration of the beat effects can also be used in combination.

In einer weiteren Variante sind unterschiedliche Periodizitäten der Strukturelemente in unterschiedlichen Orientierungen angeordnet, wobei jeweils die Periodizität der Strukturelemente in einer bestimmten Orientierung auf die Abmessungen und / oder Periodizität der Subpixel eines bestimmten Displays abgestimmt ist. Zum Beispiel stehen die Strukturelemente mit unterschiedlicher bzw. voneinander abweichender Periodizität in einem Winkel zueinander. Durch Drehen der Ebene mit den Strukturelementen lässt sich eine Übereinstimmung mit den festgelegten Periodizitäten der farbgebenden Subpixel eines bestimmten Displays herstellen.In a further variant, different periodicities of the structural elements are arranged in different orientations, with the periodicity of the structural elements in a specific orientation being matched to the dimensions and/or periodicity of the subpixels of a specific display. For example, the structural elements with different or deviating periodicity are at an angle to one another. By rotating the plane containing the structural elements, it is possible to match the specified periodicities of the coloring sub-pixels of a specific display.

Vorteilhafterweise sind die Strukturelemente als Schwärzungen und / oder als Materialabtrag, zum Beispiel als Perforation, und / oder als Bohrungen ausgestaltet. Insbesondere ist es durch Laserstrahlung möglich, Schwärzungen im Material zu erzeugen und / oder die Materialstrukturen durch Abtrag oder Perforation zu verändern. Andere strukturgebende Verfahren, zum Beispiel Mikrodruck, zur Modifikation des transparenten Fensters sind zusätzlich ebenfalls möglich.The structural elements are advantageously configured as blackening and/or as material removal, for example as perforations, and/or as bores. In particular, laser radiation makes it possible to produce blackening in the material and/or to change the material structures by ablation or perforation. Other structuring methods, for example microprinting, for modifying the transparent window are also possible.

Bevorzugt ist eine durch Strukturelemente erzeugte Mikrostruktur ohne Beleuchtung mittels eines Displays farblos. Die durch Laserbearbeitung generierte Mikrostruktur ist also als solche zu erkennen, ist aber ohne dahinterliegendes, lichtaussendendes Display farblos. Eine einmal eingebrachte Struktur lässt sich nicht kopieren oder verändern.A microstructure produced by structural elements is preferably colorless without illumination by means of a display. The microstructure generated by laser processing can therefore be recognized as such, but is colorless without a light-emitting display behind it. Once a structure has been introduced, it cannot be copied or changed.

Durch die Ansteuerung bzw. Farbgebung des Displays lassen sich weitere Effekte im Zusammenspiel mit der Mikrostruktur generieren. Die Farbpixel des Displays lassen sich zum Beispiel durch eine Applikation (App) steuern. Durch Veränderung der Farbpixel des Displays können unterschiedliche Effekte in Zusammenhang mit der Mikrostruktur erreicht werden, welche sich weiterentwickeln lassen, ohne dass die Struktur selbst verändert werden muss.By controlling or coloring the display, further effects can be generated in interaction with the microstructure. The color pixels of the display can be controlled by an application (app), for example. By changing the color pixels of the display, different effects can be achieved in connection with the microstructure, which can be further developed without having to change the structure itself.

In einer weiteren Variante umfasst der Fensterbereich eine Lichtsteuerfolie mit einer Vielzahl an parallelen Auskehlungen. Durch Verwendung einer Lichtsteuerfolie bzw. Lamellenfolie, wie beispielsweise in DE 10 2012 109 064 A1 beschrieben, entstehen Parallaxenbarrieren, welche zur Erzeugung eines 3D-Effektes verwendet werden können.In a further variant, the window area comprises a light control film with a large number of parallel grooves. By using a light control film or lamella film, such as in DE 10 2012 109 064 A1 described, arise parallax barriers, which can be used to generate a 3D effect.

Grundsätzlich können die Strukturelemente auf mindestens einer Oberfläche, also der Oberseite oder der Unterseite, des Fensterbereichs oder im Inneren beziehungsweise innerhalb des Sicherheitselements angeordnet sein. Die Strukturelemente können als Vertiefungen, Erhebungen oder Hohlräume ausgestaltet sein. Es ist auch möglich, dass die Strukturelemente sich in Bezug auf ihre optischen und / oder mechanischen und / oder chemischen Eigenschaften von dem Material des Sicherheitselements unterscheiden. Mit anderen Worten können die Strukturelemente von dem Material des Sicherheitselements abweichende optische, mechanische oder chemische Eigenschaften aufweisen. Die genannten Varianten können beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden. Sie haben den Vorteil, dass sie vergleichsweise einfach und kostengünstig erzeugt werden können und gleichzeitig den Fälschungsschutz erheblich verbessern.In principle, the structural elements can be arranged on at least one surface, ie the upper side or the lower side, of the window area or in the interior or within the security element. The structural elements can be in the form of depressions, elevations or cavities. It is also possible for the structural elements to differ from the material of the security element with regard to their optical and/or mechanical and/or chemical properties. In other words, the structural elements can have optical, mechanical or chemical properties that differ from the material of the security element. The variants mentioned can be combined with one another as desired. They have the advantage that they can be produced comparatively easily and inexpensively and at the same time significantly improve protection against counterfeiting.

Die einzelnen Strukturelemente können eine Länge und / oder eine Breite und / oder eine Tiefe beziehungsweise eine Höhe und / oder einen Abstand benachbarter Strukturelemente voneinander von weniger als 100 Mikrometern, zum Beispiel zwischen 100 Nanometer bis 100 Mikrometern aufweisen. Dabei sind Abmessungen in Bezug auf die Länge und / oder Breite und / oder den Abstand zwischen 5 Mikrometer und 30 Mikrometern, sowie Tiefen zwischen 0,5 Mikrometern und 20 Mikrometern vorteilhaft, da diese spezielle Fertigungsverfahren erfordern, zum Beispiel eine Materialbearbeitung mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen, und die Struktur nicht sofort erkennbar ist. Die Abmessungen von Länge, Breite, Tiefe und / oder Abstand können voneinander verschiedene Werte annehmen.The individual structural elements can have a length and/or a width and/or a depth or a height and/or a distance between adjacent structural elements of less than 100 micrometers, for example between 100 nanometers and 100 micrometers. Dimensions in terms of length and/or width and/or distance between 5 micrometers and 30 micrometers and depths between 0.5 micrometers and 20 micrometers are advantageous because they require special manufacturing processes, such as material processing with ultra-short laser pulses, and the structure is not immediately recognizable. The dimensions of length, width, depth and/or distance can assume different values from one another.

Die Strukturelemente können als Bohrungen, also als Vertiefungen mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt, ausgestaltet sein, zum Beispiel als Mikro- oder Nano- Laserbohrungen. Diese haben den Vorteil, dass die sich mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen vergleichsweise einfach fertigen lassen.The structural elements can be designed as bores, ie as depressions with a circular cross section, for example as micro- or nano-laser bores. These have the advantage that they can be manufactured comparatively easily with ultra-short laser pulses.

Das Sicherheitselement kann für ein bestimmtes Sicherheitsdokument oder für eine bestimmte Art von Sicherheitsdokumenten mit bestimmten Sicherheitsinformationen ausgelegt sein. In diesem Fall kann die Struktur und die mit ihr erzeugbare farbige Abbildung Sicherheitsinformationen für das bestimmte Sicherheitsdokument enthalten. Es kann so eine individualisierende Struktur aufgebracht werden und dadurch die Fälschungssicherheit weiter verbessert werden. Zum Beispiel kann eine Mikrostrukturierung in einem transparenten Fenster eines Ausweisdokumentes bei einer Beleuchtung durch ein Display eine personalisierte Abbildung, zum Beispiel ein Portrait des Inhabers des Ausweisdokumentes, zeigen.The security element can be designed for a specific security document or for a specific type of security document with specific security information. In this case, the structure and the colored image that can be generated with it can contain security information for the specific security document. In this way, an individualizing structure can be applied, thereby further improving protection against forgery. For example, a microstructure in a transparent window of an identity document can show a personalized image, for example a portrait of the owner of the identity document, when illuminated by a display.

Ohne die Art des Materials einzuschränken, kann das Sicherheitselement ein zumindest teilweise transparentes Material und / oder Polycarbonat und / oder Glas umfassen. Beispielsweise kann das Sicherheitselement vollständig oder teilweise transparent sein, insbesondere transparent für sichtbares Licht.Without restricting the type of material, the security element can comprise an at least partially transparent material and/or polycarbonate and/or glass. For example, the security element can be completely or partially transparent, in particular transparent to visible light.

Das Sicherheitsdokument umfasst einen Fensterbereich mit einem zuvor beschriebenen Sicherheitselement. Das Sicherheitsdokument ist bevorzugt aus einer Anzahl an Schichten aufgebaut, wobei mindestens eine Schicht ein zuvor beschriebenes Sicherheitselement umfasst. Das Sicherheitsdokument hat grundsätzlich die bereits genannten Vorteile des vorgeschlagenen Sicherheitselements. Das Sicherheitsdokument kann insbesondere durch Lamination miteinander verbundene Schichten umfassen. Bei den Schichten kann es sich zum Beispiel um ein Substrat, eine Druckschicht, die sicherheitsrelevante Informationen enthält, und Deckschicht handeln, wobei die Druckschicht zwischen dem Substrat und der Deckschicht angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise umfasst mindestens eine der Schichten ein Sicherheitselement.The security document includes a window area with a previously described security element. The security document is preferably made up of a number of layers, with at least one layer comprising a previously described security element. In principle, the security document has the already mentioned advantages of the proposed security element. The security document can in particular comprise layers connected to one another by lamination. The layers can be, for example, a substrate, a printed layer containing security-related information, and a cover layer, with the printed layer being arranged between the substrate and the cover layer. At least one of the layers preferably comprises a security element.

Das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements zur Verwendung für ein Sicherheitsdokument zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein zumindest teilweise transparentes Material für den Fensterbereich mittels Laserbearbeitung mit Strukturelementen mit Abmessungen von weniger als 200 Mikrometer (200 µm) versehen wird, wobei die Strukturelemente so angeordnet und ausgestaltet sind, dass bei einer Beleuchtung der Unterseite mittels eines Displays eine farbige Abbildung auf der Oberseite sichtbar ist, insbesondere eine individualisierte farbige Abbildung, die eine personalisierte Abbildung sein kann. Hierbei sind die Abmessungen der Strukturelemente auf die Abmessungen farbgebender Subpixel eines LCD-Displays und / oder eines TFT-Displays und / oder eines Displays eines Mobiltelefons und / oder eines Smartphones und / oder eines Tablets und / oder eines Computerbildschirms abgestimmt. Dabei können insbesondere Strukturelemente mit Abmessungen im Bereich zwischen 5 Mikrometer (5 µm) und 30 Mikrometer (30 µm) auf das Material des Sicherheitselements aufgebacht oder in das Material des Sicherheitselements eingebracht werden. Mittels des Verfahrens kann ein oben beschriebenes Sicherheitselement hergestellt werden. Das Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass es auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise die Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements, welches ein hohes Kopier- und Fälschungssicherheitsniveau aufweist, ermöglicht.The method for producing a security element for use in a security document is characterized in that an at least partially transparent material for the window area is provided with structural elements with dimensions of less than 200 micrometers (200 µm) by means of laser processing, the structural elements being arranged and designed in this way are that when the underside is illuminated by means of a display, a colored image is visible on the upper side, in particular an individualized colored image, which can be a personalized image. Here, the dimensions of the structural elements are matched to the dimensions of coloring subpixels of an LCD display and/or a TFT display and/or a display of a mobile phone and/or a smartphone and/or a tablet and/or a computer screen. In particular, structural elements with dimensions in the range between 5 micrometers (5 μm) and 30 micrometers (30 μm) can be applied to the material of the security element or introduced into the material of the security element. A security element as described above can be produced by means of the method. The method has the advantage that it enables a security element to be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner, which has a high level of protection against copying and counterfeiting.

Die Strukturelemente können zusätzlich zur Laserbearbeitung durch Mikrodruck erzeugt werden. Die Strukturelemente können auf mindestens einer Oberfläche des zumindest teilweise transparenten Materials durch Materialabtrag erzeugt werden. Zudem können die Strukturelemente auf oder in mindestens einer Oberfläche, also der Oberseite oder der Unterseite, des zumindest teilweise transparenten Sicherheitselements in Form von Erhebungen und / oder Vertiefungen erzeugt werden. Zusätzlich oder alternativ dazu können die Strukturelemente im Inneren beziehungsweise innerhalb des zumindest teilweise transparenten Sicherheitselements in Form von Hohlräumen erzeugt werdenIn addition to laser processing, the structural elements can also be produced by microprinting. The structural elements can be produced on at least one surface of the at least partially transparent material by removing material. In addition, they can Structural elements are generated on or in at least one surface, ie the upper side or the underside, of the at least partially transparent security element in the form of elevations and/or depressions. In addition or as an alternative to this, the structural elements can be produced in the interior or within the at least partially transparent security element in the form of cavities

Das Sicherheitselement kann zumindest teilweise aus einer zumindest teilweise für sichtbares Licht transparenten Folie gefertigt werden. Dabei können in mindestens einer Oberfläche der Folie Vertiefungen erzeugt werden, insbesondere indem Material abgetragen wird.The security element can be produced at least partially from a film that is at least partially transparent to visible light. In this case, indentations can be produced in at least one surface of the film, in particular by removing material.

Beispielsweise werden Laserbohrungen im Mikrometerbereich und / oder Nanometerbereich in mindestens eine Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements eingebracht. Diese können einen Durchmesser zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 100 Mikrometer (100 µm), zum Beispiel zwischen 5 Mikrometern und 30 Mikrometern, und / oder eine Tiefe zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 100 Mikrometer (100 µm), zum Beispiel zwischen 500 Nanometern und 20 Mikrometern, aufweisen. In Ausführungen kann das teilweise transparente Material mit Strukturelementen mit Abmessungen zwischen 5 Mikrometern (5 µm) und 100 Mikrometern (100 µm) versehen werden.For example, laser bores in the micrometer range and/or nanometer range are introduced into at least one surface of the security element. These can have a diameter between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 100 micrometers (100 µm), for example between 5 micrometers and 30 micrometers, and/or a depth between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 100 micrometers (100 µm), for example between 500 nanometers and 20 micrometers. In embodiments, the partially transparent material can be provided with features with dimensions between 5 micrometers (5 µm) and 100 micrometers (100 µm).

Durch lokale Aufschäumungen und / oder durch hochauflösende 3D Drucktechnologie, mittels zum Beispiel Zwei Photonen Polymerisation, lassen sich, gegebenenfalls zusätzlich, Strukturelemente in Form von Erhebungen erzeugen.Local foaming and/or high-resolution 3D printing technology, for example by means of two-photon polymerisation, can be used, if necessary additionally, to produce structural elements in the form of elevations.

Vorteilhafterweise werden die Strukturelemente mittels ultrakurzer Laserpulse erzeugt, zum Beispiel mit einer Pulsdauer von weniger als 10 Pikosekunden (10 ps), insbesondere weniger als 1 Pikosekunde (1 ps) oder weniger als 500 Femtosekunden (500 fs). Die Anwendung ultrakurzer Laserpulse ermöglicht eine präzise Fertigung und effiziente Erzeugung der Strukturelemente. Insbesondere werden durch ultrakurze Laserpulse thermische oder mechanische Schäden des Strukturelements während der Bearbeitung minimiert oder vermieden. Es ist bei geeigneter Wahl der Bearbeitungsparameter eine nahezu schmelzfreie Bearbeitung mit hoher Präzision möglich.The structural elements are advantageously generated using ultrashort laser pulses, for example with a pulse duration of less than 10 picoseconds (10 ps), in particular less than 1 picosecond (1 ps) or less than 500 femtoseconds (500 fs). The use of ultra-short laser pulses enables precise manufacturing and efficient generation of the structural elements. In particular, thermal or mechanical damage to the structural element during processing is minimized or avoided by ultra-short laser pulses. With a suitable selection of the processing parameters, almost melt-free processing with high precision is possible.

Durch ultrakurze Laserpulse ist es möglich die Oberfläche oder die vorzugsweise transparente Deckschicht oberhalb einer personalisierten Schicht eines Sicherheitsdokuments mit einer die zweite Darstellung abbildenden Struktur zu versehen, wobei die Abmessungen der Strukturelemente im Mikrometer- oder Nanometerbereich liegen. Dazu wird bevorzugt das Material relativ zum fokussierten Laserstrahl bewegt oder vom fokussierten Laserstrahl mittels beweglicher Spiegel abgescannt. Durch die kurze Wechselwirkungszeit der ultrakurzen Laserpulse mit dem Material verursacht der Materialabtrag keine Farbveränderung des Materials und die Elemente der Struktur sind farblos und bestehen vorzugsweise aus Mikrobohrungen.Ultrashort laser pulses make it possible to provide the surface or the preferably transparent cover layer above a personalized layer of a security document with a structure depicting the second representation, with the dimensions of the structural elements being in the micrometer or nanometer range. For this purpose, the material is preferably moved relative to the focused laser beam or scanned by the focused laser beam using movable mirrors. Due to the short interaction time of the ultra-short laser pulses with the material, the material removal does not cause any color change in the material and the elements of the structure are colorless and preferably consist of microbores.

Das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments, insbesondere eines Sicherheitsdokuments, bezieht sich auf ein Sicherheitselement, welches aus einer Anzahl an Schichten aufgebaut ist. Im Rahmen des Verfahrens wird mindestens eine Schicht dieser genannten Anzahl an Schichten aus einem Sicherheitselement oder einem gemäß dem zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellten Sicherheitselement gefertigt. Die mindestens eine Schicht wird mit einer Anzahl weiterer Schichten verbunden, zum Beispiel verklebt oder laminiert, sodass das Sicherheitsdokument einen zumindest teilweise transparenten Fensterbereich mit einer durch die Strukturelemente erzeugten Struktur aufweist. Prinzipiell kann das oben beschriebene Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements Bestandteil des Verfahrens zur Herstellung des Sicherheitsdokuments sein. Zum Beispiel können die Strukturelemente auf oder in dem Sicherheitselement hergestellt werden, nachdem mindestens eine Schicht für das Sicherheitselement mit einer Anzahl weiterer Schichten verbunden wurde. Auf diese Weise kann ermöglicht sein, die Strukturelemente auf oder in dem Sicherheitselement anzuordnen, nachdem das Sicherheitselement nicht mehr direkt zugänglich ist, ohne das Sicherheitselement und / oder das Sicherheitsdokument zu beschädigen oder zu zerstören.The method for producing a security document, in particular a security document, relates to a security element which is made up of a number of layers. Within the framework of the method, at least one layer of this number of layers mentioned is produced from a security element or from a security element produced according to the method described above. The at least one layer is connected to a number of further layers, for example glued or laminated, so that the security document has an at least partially transparent window area with a structure created by the structural elements. In principle, the method described above for producing a security element can be part of the method for producing the security document. For example, the structural elements can be produced on or in the security element after at least one layer for the security element has been connected to a number of other layers. In this way it can be possible to arrange the structural elements on or in the security element after the security element is no longer directly accessible without damaging or destroying the security element and/or the security document.

Im Rahmen des Verfahrens zur Prüfung der Echtheit eines Sicherheitsdokuments wird der Fensterbereich des Sicherheitsdokuments auf seiner Unterseite mittels eines Displays beleuchtet und auf seiner Oberseite betrachtet. Dabei wird infolge der Beleuchtung auf der Oberseite eine farbige Abbildung, zum Beispiel ein Portrait des Dokumenteninhabers sichtbar. Wie oben bereits beschrieben, ist damit eine einfache und kostengünstige, da insbesondere keine speziellen Prüfgeräte erfordernde Echtheitsprüfung eines Sicherheitsdokuments möglich.As part of the method for checking the authenticity of a security document, the window area of the security document is illuminated on its underside by means of a display and viewed on its upper side. A colored image, for example a portrait of the document owner, becomes visible as a result of the lighting on the upper side. As already described above, this enables a simple and cost-effective verification of the authenticity of a security document, in particular since it does not require any special verification devices.

In einer Variante kann die Periodizität der Subpixel des Displays mit einer Periodizität der eingebrachten Struktur soweit in Übereinstimmung gebracht werden, dass die farbige Abbildung auf der Oberseite sichtbar wird. Hierdurch wird eine Verwendung verschiedener Displays mit voneinander abweichender Periodizität der Subpixel ermöglicht. Mit anderen Worten kann die farbige Abbildung mit unterschiedlichen Displays mit voneinander abweichenden Auflösungen erzeugt werden und somit die Echtheit des Sicherheitsdokuments geprüft werden.In one variant, the periodicity of the subpixels of the display can be matched to a periodicity of the introduced structure to such an extent that the colored image becomes visible on the upper side. This makes it possible to use different displays with different periodicity of the subpixels. In other words, the colored image can be generated with different displays with different resolutions and the authenticity of the security document can thus be checked.

Die Struktur des Sicherheitselements kann so ausgestaltet sein, dass sie bei Betrachtung unter einem festgelegten Winkel oder Winkelbereich als mattierte Fläche erkennbar ist. Bei Betrachtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche ist die Struktur bevorzugt mit bloßem Auge nicht sichtbar. Die Struktur kann bei Betrachtung unter einem Mikroskop erkennbar sein.The structure of the security element can be designed in such a way that it can be recognized as a frosted surface when viewed from a defined angle or angle range. at When viewed perpendicularly to the surface, the structure is preferably not visible to the naked eye. The structure can be seen under a microscope.

Beschreibung von AusführungsbeispielenDescription of exemplary embodiments

Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsvarianten unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren näher beschrieben. Alle bisher und im Folgenden beschriebenen Merkmale sind dabei sowohl einzeln als auch in einer beliebigen Kombination miteinander vorteilhaft. Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
schematisch und ausschnittsweise vergrößert ein Sicherheitselement und ein darunter angeordnetes Display in einer perspektivischen Ansicht; und
Fig. 2
schematisch ein Sicherheitsdokument in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.
Further features, properties and advantages of the invention are described in more detail below on the basis of embodiment variants with reference to the attached figures. All of the features described above and below are advantageous both individually and in any combination with one another. Here show:
1
schematically and partially enlarged, a security element and a display arranged underneath in a perspective view; and
2
schematically a security document in a perspective view.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch ein Sicherheitselement 1 und ein darunter angeordnetes Display 10. Das Sicherheitselement 1 ist als für sichtbares Licht transparentes Fensterelement ausgestaltet und weist eine aus Strukturelementen 2 gebildete Struktur auf, die in einem Fensterbereich 6 angeordnet ist. Die Strukturelemente 2 haben Abmessungen im Mikrometerbereich, konkret von weniger als 200 Mikrometern. Das Sicherheitselement 1 weist eine Oberseite 4 und eine Unterseite 5 auf. In der Fig. 1 ist das Display 10 an der Unterseite 5 angeordnet, zum Beispiel an das Sicherheitselement 1 angelegt, und beleuchtet das Sicherheitselement 1 von der Unterseite 5. Das Display 10 umfasst eine Vielzahl an farbgebenden Subpixeln 11. Die Strukturelemente 2 des Sicherheitselements 1 sind so angeordnet, dass bei einer Beleuchtung der Unterseite 5 des Sicherheitselements 1 mittels eines Displays 10 auf der Oberseite 4 des Sicherheitselements 1 eine farbige Abbildung, zum Beispiel ein Portrait, sichtbar ist. Dabei wird die farbige Abbildung in Verbindung mit dem Display 10 durch die Größe und die Anordnung der Strukturelemente 2, welche bei einer Betrachtung des Sicherheitselements 1 in Richtung seiner Oberseite 4 bestimmte Subpixel 11 des an der Unterseite 5 angeordneten Displays 10 verdecken, erzeugt.the 1 shows a schematic of a security element 1 and a display 10 arranged underneath. The structural elements 2 have dimensions in the micrometer range, specifically less than 200 micrometers. The security element 1 has an upper side 4 and an underside 5 . In the 1 the display 10 is arranged on the underside 5, for example applied to the security element 1, and illuminates the security element 1 from the underside 5. The display 10 comprises a large number of coloring subpixels 11. The structural elements 2 of the security element 1 are arranged in such a way that when the bottom 5 of the security element 1 is illuminated by means of a display 10, a colored image, for example a portrait, is visible on the top 4 of the security element 1. The colored image is generated in connection with the display 10 by the size and the arrangement of the structural elements 2, which cover certain subpixels 11 of the display 10 arranged on the underside 5 when the security element 1 is viewed in the direction of its top side 4.

Die farbige Abbildung lässt sich auch durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des Displays 10 beziehungsweise der entsprechenden farbgebenden Subpixel 11 modifizieren. Dabei kann insbesondere die Periodizität der farbgebenden Subpixel 11 mit einer Periodizität einer durch die Strukturelemente 2 erzeugten Struktur in Übereinstimmung gebracht werden oder an diese angepasst werden. Bei dem Display 10 kann es sich um ein Display eines Mobiltelefons, eines Smartphones, eines Tablets, eines Notebooks usw. handeln.The colored image can also be modified by appropriately controlling the display 10 or the corresponding coloring subpixels 11 . In this case, in particular, the periodicity of the coloring subpixels 11 can be matched to a periodicity of a structure produced by the structure elements 2 or adapted to it. The display 10 can be a display of a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet, a notebook, etc.

Die Strukturelemente können durch Laserbearbeitung und / oder Mikrodruck erzeugt werden. Sie können durch Schwärzungen oder Materialabtrag, zum Beispiel Laserbohrungen erzeugt werden.The structural elements can be created by laser processing and/or microprinting. They can be created by blackening or material removal, for example laser drilling.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch ein Sicherheitsdokument 20. Das Sicherheitsdokument 20 weist eine Oberseite 14 und eine Unterseite 15 auf und umfasst ein im Zusammenhang mit der Fig. 1 beschriebenes Sicherheitselement 1. Das Sicherheitsdokument 20 umfasst einen für sichtbares Licht transpatenten Bereich, vorzugsweise einen Fensterbereich 16, in welchem das Sicherheitselement 1 angeordnet ist oder welcher zumindest teilweise durch das Sicherheitselement 1 gebildet wird. Zum Beispiel kann das Sicherheitselement 1 ausschließlich aus dem Fensterbereich bestehen oder in Form einer von mehreren Schichten 3 ausgestaltet sein. Die das Sicherheitselement 1 bildende oder dieses umfassende Schicht 3 kann mit weiteren Schichten 3 fest verbunden sein, beispielsweise durch Lamination. Auf diese Weise kann ein aus mehreren Schichten aufgebautes Sicherheitsdokument 20 mit einem Sicherheitselement 1 ausgestattet werden.the 2 shows schematically a security document 20. The security document 20 has a top 14 and a bottom 15 and includes a related to the 1 described security element 1. The security document 20 comprises an area transparent to visible light, preferably a window area 16, in which the security element 1 is arranged or which is at least partially formed by the security element 1. For example, the security element 1 can consist exclusively of the window area or be designed in the form of one of several layers 3 . The layer 3 forming or encompassing the security element 1 can be firmly connected to further layers 3, for example by lamination. In this way, a security document 20 made up of several layers can be equipped with a security element 1 .

Bei dem Sicherheitsdokument 20 kann es sich zum Beispiel um ein Ausweisdokument, insbesondere einen Reisepass, einen Personalausweis, einen Führerschein usw., handeln. Das Sicherheitsdokument 20 weist eine deutlich verbesserte Fälschungssicherheit auf, da die Strukturelemente 2 selbst kaum sichtbar sind und insbesondere aus den Strukturelementen 2 bzw. der Struktur allein nicht ersichtlich ist, welche farbige Abbildung sie bei einer Beleuchtung durch ein Display 10 erzeugen. Zudem kann die Echtheit des Sicherheitsdokuments 20 mit Hilfe eines Displays 10 zudem sehr leicht und ohne weitere Hilfsmittel überprüft werden.The security document 20 can be, for example, an identity document, in particular a passport, an identity card, a driver's license, etc. The security document 20 has significantly improved security against forgery, since the structural elements 2 themselves are hardly visible and in particular it cannot be seen from the structural elements 2 or the structure alone which colored image they produce when illuminated by a display 10 . In addition, the authenticity of the security document 20 can also be checked very easily and without additional aids with the aid of a display 10 .

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference list:

11
Sicherheitselementsecurity element
22
Strukturelementestructural elements
33
Schichtenlayers
44
Oberseitetop
55
Unterseitebottom
66
Fensterbereichpane
1010
Displayscreen
1111
farbgebende Subpixelcoloring subpixels
1414
Oberseitetop
1515
Unterseitebottom
1616
Fensterbereichpane
2020
Sicherheitsdokumentsecurity document

Claims (15)

  1. A security element (1) for use for a security document (20), having:
    - an upper side (4);
    - a lower side (5) and
    - a window region (6) configured so as to be at least partially transparent to visible light;
    wherein
    - the window region (6) comprises structural elements (2) with dimensions of less than 200 micrometres (200 µM),
    characterized in that
    - the structural elements are arranged and configured in such a manner that only when the lower side (5) is illuminated by means of a display (10) a colour image is visible on the upper side (4), and that
    - the dimensions of the structural elements (2) are adapted to the dimensions of colouring subpixels (11) of an LCD display and/or a TFT display and/or a display of a mobile phone and/or of a smart phone and/or of a tablet and/or of a computer display, in such a manner that the colour display is produced by the size and the arrangement of the structural elements (2), which conceal certain subpixels (11) when the security element (1) is viewed in the direction of its upper side (4) when the display (10) is arranged on the lower side (5); wherein
    - the structural elements (2) are produced by laser processing.
  2. The security element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the structural elements (2) have dimensions, for which for a specified range of periodicity of the colouring subpixels (11) of a display (10), when the lower side (5) is illuminated by means of a display (10), whereof the colouring subpixels (11) have a periodicity within the specified range, a colour image is visible on the upper side (4).
  3. The security element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the structural elements (2) form at least one structure, which has a periodicity which has a greatest common divider with a plurality of specified periodicities of the colouring subpixels (11) of different displays (10).
  4. The security element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that different periodicities of the structural elements (2) are arranged in different orientations, wherein the periodicity of the structural elements (2) in each case is adapted in a particular orientation to the dimensions and/or periodicity of the subpixels of a particular display.
  5. The security element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural elements (2) are arranged and configured in such a manner that when the lower side (5) is illuminated by means of a display (10), a coloured portrait can be seen on the upper side (4).
  6. The security element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural elements (2) are configured as blackened areas and/or as removed material and/or as bores.
  7. The security element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a microstructure produced by structural elements (2) without illumination by means of a display (10) is colourless.
  8. The security element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the window region (6) comprises a light-control film with a plurality of parallel channels.
  9. A security document (20) which comprises at least one window region (16) with a security element (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 8.
  10. A method for producing a safety element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an at least partially transparent material for the window region (6) is provided by means of laser processing with structural elements (2) having dimensions of less than 200 micrometres (200 µm), wherein the structural elements (2) are arranged and configured in such a manner that when the lower side (5) is illuminated by means of a display (10), a colour image is visible on the upper side (4).
  11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the structural elements (2) are produced on at least one surface of the at least partially transparent material through material removal.
  12. The method according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that laser bores in the micrometre range and/or in the nanometre range are introduced into at least one surface of the at least partially transparent material.
  13. The method for producing a security document (20) in accordance with claim 9, which is formed from a number of layers (3), characterized in that at least one layer (3) of this number of layers is produced with a security element (1) in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 8 or a security element (1) produced in accordance with claims 10 to 12 and connected to a number of further layers (3) in such a manner that the security document (20) has an at least partially transparent window region with a structure produced by the structural elements (2).
  14. A method for checking the authenticity of the security document (20) according to claim 9, wherein the window region (16) of the security document (20) is illuminated on a lower side (15) by means of a display (10) and is observed on its upper side (14).
  15. The method for checking the authenticity according to claim 14, characterized in that the periodicity of the subpixels (11) of the display (10) is brought in line with a periodicity of the introduced structure, insofar as the colour display on the upper side (4) is visible.
EP20192227.5A 2019-08-22 2020-08-21 Microstructured transparent security element Active EP3782822B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019122586.8A DE102019122586B4 (en) 2019-08-22 2019-08-22 Microstructured transparent security element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3782822A1 EP3782822A1 (en) 2021-02-24
EP3782822B1 true EP3782822B1 (en) 2022-07-20

Family

ID=72193379

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20192227.5A Active EP3782822B1 (en) 2019-08-22 2020-08-21 Microstructured transparent security element

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3782822B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102019122586B4 (en)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007052951B4 (en) * 2007-10-31 2021-11-18 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Verification device for a hologram
US20110187747A1 (en) * 2008-06-18 2011-08-04 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation method of decoding on an electronic device
FR2958777A1 (en) * 2010-04-07 2011-10-14 Jean Pierre Lazzari DEVICE FOR CUSTOMIZING RECESSED LATENT IMAGES
FR2961621B1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2014-09-05 Arjowiggins Security METHOD OF AUTHENTICATING AND / OR IDENTIFYING A SECURITY ARTICLE
FR2971972B1 (en) * 2011-02-28 2013-03-08 Jean Pierre Lazzari METHOD FOR FORMING A REFLECTIVE COLOR-LASER COLOR LASER IMAGE AND DOCUMENT WHEREIN A COLOR LASER IMAGE IS SO REALIZED
DE102011084819B4 (en) * 2011-10-19 2018-08-02 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh A method of verifying a security document with a pattern using a display device
DE102011084818A1 (en) * 2011-10-19 2013-04-25 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh A method of verifying a security document with a visual barrier using a display device
DE102012010908A1 (en) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Verification of value documents with a window with diffractive structures
DE102012109064A1 (en) * 2012-09-26 2014-03-27 Datacard Corporation Light control film for use in e.g. passport, has safety feature formed in microstructures, and designed not visible when film is viewed in false view angle, and visible when film is viewed in correct view angle or range of view angles
US10286716B2 (en) * 2015-10-27 2019-05-14 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne (EPFL) Synthesis of superposition shape images by light interacting with layers of lenslets
FR3046109B1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2022-02-18 Arjowiggins Security SECURE ARTICLE CONTAINING A COMBINED IMAGE AND/OR A REVELATION FRAME

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3782822A1 (en) 2021-02-24
DE102019122586A1 (en) 2021-02-25
DE102019122586B4 (en) 2021-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2665607B1 (en) Method for producing a multilayer data carrier and data carrier produced by said method
EP1827868B1 (en) Card-shaped data carrier
EP0219011B1 (en) Identity card with a visually detectable authenticity feature, and method of making it
EP2773514B1 (en) Optically variable security element
EP1697146B1 (en) Data support with identifications written thereon by means of a laser beam and method for production thereof
EP3616937A1 (en) Optically variable security element
DE102005028162A1 (en) Security element for protecting valuable objects, e.g. documents, includes focusing components for enlarging views of microscopic structures as one of two authenication features
WO2009019038A1 (en) Verification of security elements with windows
EP3552837B1 (en) Security element having a micro- or nanostructure
EP2643161A1 (en) Document of value and/or security document with coloured transparent security feature and method for producing the same
DE112017001373T5 (en) Micro-optical device with double-sided optical effect
DE102012109064A1 (en) Light control film for use in e.g. passport, has safety feature formed in microstructures, and designed not visible when film is viewed in false view angle, and visible when film is viewed in correct view angle or range of view angles
EP3393821B1 (en) Method for producing a secutity document and security document
EP3337673A1 (en) Multilayer data storage device having a flat see-through window
EP3578379B1 (en) Security element having a coloured image
EP3782822B1 (en) Microstructured transparent security element
EP2512818B1 (en) Security element, and method for the production thereof
WO2020233749A1 (en) Security element with anamorphically modified image
EP3196044B1 (en) Data carrier with film security element
EP4368409A1 (en) Security element, security document and method for producing a security document
WO2023016670A1 (en) Method for the production of a security feature, security feature for a data medium, data medium, and lamination sheet
EP4210961A1 (en) Mutli-sheet document having security features, and method and device for producing the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20210702

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220225

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502020001395

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1505296

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20220720

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221121

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221020

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221120

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221021

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502020001395

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220821

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220831

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20230421

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220821

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220831

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230821

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230822

Year of fee payment: 4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220720

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230831