EP3552837B1 - Security element having a micro- or nanostructure - Google Patents
Security element having a micro- or nanostructure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3552837B1 EP3552837B1 EP19163950.9A EP19163950A EP3552837B1 EP 3552837 B1 EP3552837 B1 EP 3552837B1 EP 19163950 A EP19163950 A EP 19163950A EP 3552837 B1 EP3552837 B1 EP 3552837B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- structural elements
- security
- security element
- security document
- cover layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/346—Perforations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/373—Metallic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/415—Marking using chemicals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a security document and a method for producing a security document.
- a security document is usually composed of several layers, which are preferably connected to one another by lamination.
- the data are introduced under a preferably transparent cover layer within the material. This can be done by laser personalization in the otherwise finished data carrier.
- Another method provides for the data carrier to be provided with a preferably transparent cover layer after the personalization.
- a security document can be alienated by removing the cover layer and applying a new cover layer after manipulating the underlying data.
- Holograms can be used to secure the document against manipulation.
- a special hologram film is exposed accordingly and applied to the data carrier. Examples of securing by means of holograms are inter alia in DE 10 2007 042 386 A1 and EP 2 738 624 B1 described.
- EP1266768 and WO98 / 19869 a security variant is described in which a connection between the layers is established by perforating a pattern. The different hole geometries and diameters the perforation allow an image with different brightnesses to be seen when backlit.
- Another backup variant is in EP 1 970 211 A1 disclosed.
- the document is labeled with a laser on the narrow side surfaces in order to create an optical connection between the layers.
- a security element is understood to be a structural unit which comprises at least one security feature.
- Security elements serve to secure security documents, which also include documents of value, against forgery or copying.
- a security feature can be an independent structural unit that can be connected, for example glued, to a security document, which can also be a value document. However, it can also be an integral part of a security document.
- a security feature is a structure that can only be produced or reproduced in an unauthorized manner with increased effort compared to simple copying or not at all.
- the security document having a carrier substrate and at least one security film element connected to the carrier substrate.
- the security film element comprises at least two layers, the carrier substrate having a first security marking which is formed by at least a first group of microperforations in the carrier substrate and is visually recognizable when the security document is viewed in transmitted light.
- At least one of the at least two layers of the security film element has at least one second security marking, which is formed by at least a second group of micro-perforations in at least one of the at least two layers and is visually recognizable when viewing the security document in transmitted light.
- the first safety marking and the second safety marking together form information or a part of information.
- EP 1 997 643 A2 does not disclose that the structural elements are designed in such a way that, when viewed perpendicular to the surface, the structure is not visible to the naked eye and underlying information of the printing layer remains recognizable; and the structural elements are designed in such a way that when viewed at an acute angle, the structure is visible as a frosted surface and, when the light falls at an angle, shows the effect of an optical grating in which the spectral colors of the incident light become visible.
- document DE 10 2011 117 239 A1 relates to a method for examining a sheet or card-shaped document of value with a security feature which has one or more cavities formed in the document of value, the width of which exceeds 10 ⁇ m in at least one intended direction, in which spatially resolved transmission values for the transmission of ultrasound can be determined in a predetermined frequency range, and in which, using the transmission values, it is checked whether a predetermined number of transmission values is greater than a predetermined transmission threshold value.
- a security structure in which a plurality of microperforations are provided in a layer, each of which has layer openings which run through the layer at different angles.
- Security documents typically have a substrate, a printing layer and optionally a transparent cover layer.
- a substrate is a support structure on which the printing layer with information, images, patterns and the like is applied. All customary materials based on paper and / or plastic come into consideration as materials for a substrate. Examples of security documents are identity cards, passports, driver's licenses, ID cards, access control cards, visas, tax codes, tickets, motor vehicle documents, bank notes, checks, postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and adhesive labels.
- the security document according to the invention is composed of a number of layers, of which at least one layer comprises a security element.
- the security element has a structure which comprises a multiplicity of structural elements.
- the structural elements are in particular designed as depressions with respect to the surface of the security element.
- the structural elements have dimensions, in particular diameters, of less than 200 micrometers (200 ⁇ m).
- the structural elements preferably have dimensions in the range between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 ⁇ m).
- the security element is preferably designed as a film.
- the security element can be the cover layer of the security document.
- the structural elements are designed as bores.
- the structure includes individualizing information about an owner of the security document.
- the structure that is individualized in this way with information about an owner of the respective security document improves the protection against forgery.
- the configuration of the security element with a micro- or nanostructure has the advantage that the structure used cannot be seen immediately with the naked eye, but can be made visible with simple means, for example a microscope or by viewing at a suitable angle. Furthermore, such a security element cannot be copied or counterfeited, or only with considerable effort. In particular when used as a cover layer of a security document, the surface or the cover layer of the security document cannot be manipulated or separated from the rest of the data carrier and replaced without being noticed.
- the security element has a periodic structure. This is useful, for example, in the context of a use for security documents, in particular documents of value that are produced in large numbers with predominantly identical features. For example, a film with a specific continuous periodic structure for a specific type of security document can be produced inexpensively.
- the structural elements can be arranged on at least one surface of the security element or inside or within the security element.
- the structural elements are preferably depressions, but can also be configured as elevations or cavities. It is also possible for the structural elements to differ from the material of the security element with regard to their optical and / or mechanical and / or chemical properties. In other words, the structural elements can have optical, mechanical or chemical properties that differ from the material of the security element.
- the variants mentioned can be combined with one another as required. They have the advantage that they can be produced comparatively easily and inexpensively and at the same time significantly improve protection against forgery.
- the structural elements are designed in such a way that when viewed perpendicular to the surface, the security element is not visible and the information below remains recognizable, in particular remains easily recognizable, and when viewed at an acute angle, the structure is visible as a matted surface and shows the effect of an optical grating with inclined incidence of light, in which the spectral colors of the incident light become visible.
- This can be achieved in that the bottom or top surfaces of the structural elements are aligned as parallel as possible to a plane of extension of the security element and wall surfaces of the structural elements are aligned as perpendicular as possible to the plane of extension of the security element.
- the individual structural elements can have a length and / or a width and / or a depth or a height and / or a distance between adjacent structural elements of less than 200 micrometers, for example between 100 nanometers to 50 micrometers. Dimensions with respect to the length and / or width and / or the distance of at least 1 micrometer and depths of at least 0.5 or 1 micrometer are advantageous. The dimensions with respect to the length and / or width and / or the distance are preferably at most 20 micrometers. It is also advantageous if the depths are not more than 20 micrometers.
- the dimensions mentioned require special manufacturing processes, for example material processing with ultra-short laser pulses, so that the security element can only be simulated with a high outlay on equipment, which increases its security against forgery.
- the details of the structure are not immediately recognizable, which makes replication even more difficult.
- the dimensions of length, width, depth and / or distance can assume different values from one another.
- the structural elements are designed as depressions, they preferably have a bottom surface which has a reflection coefficient which is at most half as high as the surface of the security element between the structural elements. This can be achieved by choosing a suitable material for the security element which exhibits a slight blackening under the action of laser light. Good results are also achieved if the structural elements are incorporated into a material with a directionally reflective surface, since their bottom surface reflects diffusely, especially when using laser pulses for the formation of the structural elements.
- the lower reflection coefficient of the floor surface means that the security element offers a matt or gray overlay with the information below when viewed from above.
- the structural elements are designed as bores, that is to say as depressions with a circular cross section, for example as micro or nano laser bores. These have the advantage that they can be manufactured comparatively easily with ultra-short laser pulses.
- the structural elements of the periodic structure can also have different shapes and / or combinations of shapes.
- the structure can also contain superimpositions of structural elements.
- the structural elements are covered, for example with a foil or a film, in particular a lacquer layer.
- the structural elements can be designed as depressions or cavities and filled with a material that differs from the material of the security element.
- the material used for filling preferably has a refractive index that differs from the material of the security element and / or one of the color color different from the material of the security element. Filling protects the structural elements from damage.
- the different material properties make it easier to recognize and read out the structure.
- the filling can be carried out using printing processes such as, in particular, inkjet printing.
- inks can be used which contain at least one polymer component such as polycarbonate.
- the use of printing processes for filling offers the advantage that the structural elements can be selectively filled with different colors.
- the security element can be designed for a specific security document or for a specific type of security document with specific security information, the presence of which can be detected during the document check.
- the structure can contain security information for the particular security document.
- the security element can comprise an at least partially transparent material and / or a metal layer and / or hologram film and / or polycarbonate and / or glass.
- the structure can be located in the transparent material and / or the metal layer and / or the hologram film and / or the polycarbonate and / or the glass.
- the security element can be completely or partially transparent, in particular transparent to visible light.
- the security element can also have a completely or partially transparent window and optionally non-transparent areas, the structure being at least partially arranged in the window. This has the advantage that the structure can be made visible from two sides.
- the structure can be arranged in a metallized film.
- the security document according to the invention comprises layers connected to one another by lamination.
- the layers are, for example, a substrate, a printing layer that contains security-relevant information, and a cover layer, the printing layer being arranged between the substrate and the cover layer.
- the cover layer comprises the security element. But it is also possible that at least one of the other Layers comprises a security element. In this way, the protection against forgery can be further improved.
- the security document comprises a transparent window, the security element being arranged in the area of the transparent window.
- the method according to the invention for producing a security document with a security element as a layer, in particular as a cover layer of the security document comprises the production of a structure with structural elements with dimensions of less than 200 micrometers (200 ⁇ m) in or on the material of the security element.
- laser bores in the micrometer range and / or nanometer range with individualizing information about an owner of the security document are made in at least one surface of the security element.
- the structure can be created by means of laser radiation and additionally by local foaming.
- structural elements with dimensions in the range between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 ⁇ m) can be applied to the material of the security element or introduced into the material of the security element.
- An above-described security document according to the invention can be produced by means of the method according to the invention.
- the method has the advantage that it enables the production of a security document which has a high level of protection against copying and forgery in a simple and inexpensive manner.
- the structural elements can be produced on or in at least one surface of the security element in the form of elevations and / or depressions. In addition or as an alternative to this, the structural elements can be produced in the interior or within the security element in the form of cavities.
- the security element can be made from a film, for example. In this case, depressions can be produced in at least one surface of the film, in particular by removing material.
- laser bores in the micrometer range and / or nanometer range are made in at least one surface of the security element. These can have a diameter between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (10 ⁇ m), for example between 5 micrometers and 20 micrometers, and / or a depth between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 ⁇ m), for example between 500 nanometers and 20 micrometers.
- Structural elements in the form of elevations can be generated through local foaming and / or through high-resolution 3D printing technology, for example by means of two-photon polymerization.
- a periodic structure is preferably generated or a structure that contains or reproduces security-relevant information.
- the structure can reproduce the contours of an image, a graphic representation, an image, in particular a photo, or other shapes or patterns.
- the structure can be arranged in a cover layer congruently over a feature contained in a printing layer, for example an image, etc., or offset thereto.
- the structural elements are advantageously generated by means of ultra-short laser pulses, for example with a pulse duration of less than 10 picoseconds (10 ps), in particular less than 1 picosecond (1 ps) or less than 500 femtoseconds (500 fs).
- ultra-short laser pulses enables precise production and efficient generation of the structural elements.
- ultrashort laser pulses minimize or avoid thermal or mechanical damage to the structural element during processing. With a suitable choice of the machining parameters, almost melt-free machining with high precision is possible.
- Ultrashort laser pulses make it possible to provide the surface or the transparent cover layer above a personalized layer of a security document with a preferably periodic structure, the dimensions of which are in the micrometer or nanometer range.
- This will be preferably the material moved relative to the focused laser beam or scanned from the focused laser beam by means of a movable mirror. Due to the short interaction time of the ultrashort laser pulses with the material, the material removal does not cause any color change in the material and the elements of the structure are colorless and preferably consist of microbores. Therefore, the structure cannot be seen when viewed perpendicular to the surface. When viewed at an acute angle, the structure becomes visible as a matted surface and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light become visible and an impression similar to a rainbow hologram is created.
- the security element can be manufactured from one or more of the materials mentioned above in connection with the security element according to the invention.
- the structural elements configured in the form of depressions or cavities can be filled with a material which differs from the material of the security element.
- the material used for filling can differ from the material, that is to say the starting material used, of the security element with regard to its mechanical and / or optical and / or chemical properties. For example, it can have a different refractive index and / or a different color than the starting material of the security element.
- the structural elements can be covered, advantageously by means of a foil, for example by means of a hologram foil, and / or a film, for example a film made of lacquer. These measures protect the structure from external influences and damage.
- the method according to the invention for producing a security document in particular a security document according to the invention, relates to a security document which is composed of a number of layers.
- a security document which is composed of a number of layers.
- at least one layer is made from a security element according to the invention or one according to the above Manufactured security element described method produced.
- the at least one layer is connected to a number of further layers, for example glued or laminated.
- an ultrashort pulse laser can be used to provide the surface of a body of a security document, for example a body comprising layers that are already connected to one another, with a preferably personalized structure visible when viewed at an acute angle through micro or nano-holes. A manipulation of the surface or an exchange of the cover layer can be identified.
- the structure and its manufacture are largely independent of the material.
- the structure can be made in polycarbonate or glass, for example. No special materials such as hologram foil are required.
- the microstructure is located within the security document, for example within a layer of the security document, for example within the substrate, or is produced there as part of the production process.
- the structure can also be arranged or generated within a hologram film.
- the structure is designed in such a way that it can be seen as a matted surface when viewed at an acute angle and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light, i.e. rainbow colors, are visible.
- the structure is preferably not visible to the naked eye. The structure can be seen when viewed under a microscope.
- the present invention enables the document to be secured by structuring the surface or the transparent cover layer according to the invention.
- the structuring preferably takes up the information or data from the underlying data carrier so that the surface or the cover layer cannot be manipulated or separated from the rest of the data carrier and replaced without being noticed. This increases the security against forgery.
- the invention presents a structure, its structural elements and their manufacture.
- the structural elements are located on the surface or in or on the transparent cover layer of a security document, in particular a value document. Due to the dimensions and the optical properties, such as, for example, the transparency of the structure and possibly the colorlessness of the structural elements, preferred embodiments of the invention can only be generated by ultrashort laser pulses with practical effort and cannot be imitated mechanically.
- a directly recognizable relationship can be established between the structure introduced in a cover layer and information in an underlying layer of a data carrier. A manipulation of the surface or an exchange of the cover layer is thereby directly recognizable.
- FIG. 1 a section of a document body of a security document 10 according to the invention is shown by way of example and not to scale.
- the security document 10 has a front 5 and a back 6. It is made up of several layers 1 and comprises a transparent cover layer 2. At least one of the layers 1 and / or 2 can be designed as a film. The layers are connected to one another by lamination to form a document body.
- the information characteristic of the document such as, for example, person-related text elements 11 and / or graphic representations and / or images, for example portraits, is located under the cover layer 2.
- a periodic structure 21 is arranged on the surface 12 of the security document 10, which is not visible when viewed perpendicular to the surface 12 and thus the information underneath remains easily recognizable.
- the structure 21 becomes visible as a matt surface and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light become visible and an impression similar to that of a rainbow hologram is created.
- Figure 2 is similar to in Figure 1 to see the detail of a security document 10 with a front 5 and a back 6, which comprises several layers 1 including a transparent cover layer 2.
- the information under the cover layer 2 comprises a picture element 13, in particular a portrait, for example a portrait of the document owner.
- the picture element 13 is in the Figure 2 excerpts and not shown to scale.
- the structure 23 introduced in the overlying cover layer 2 also contains information from the underlying picture element. For example, contours, areas with a blackening that is greater than a predetermined threshold value, or features of the image, for example of a shown face, can be traced in the structure 23 in the cover layer 2.
- This structure 23 is not visible when viewed perpendicular to the surface 12, so that the image element 13 remains easily recognizable. When viewed from a smaller viewing angle, the structure 23 becomes visible and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light become visible, the contours or information of the image element 13 remaining recognizable.
- the structure 23 can preferably be introduced with a precise fit to the image element 13 below. A manipulation of the surface or an exchange of the cover layer would be easily recognizable. An offset to the underlying image element 13 is also possible and increases the security against forgery by the fact that the offset means that the traced image element 13 is not immediately recognizable to a layperson even when viewed under a microscope.
- the structure 23 of a portrait or of another picture element or of a graphic element does not have to be arranged above, in particular congruently above, the portrait below, but can also be introduced at a different point in the security document 10. For example, an arrangement on or in the rear side 6 is possible.
- the Figure 3 shows an example of an enlarged section of a surface 12 of a security element according to the invention with a periodic structure 21 or an imaging structure 23, which are formed from a multiplicity of structural elements 22.
- the security element can be, for example, a cover layer 2 of a film composite. Alternatively, the security element can be configured as another layer 1 or component.
- the Figure 4 shows schematically a section of a security element according to the invention in a perspective view, for example the security element of FIG Fig. 3 .
- the periodic structure 21 shown is made up of structural elements 22.
- the structural elements 22 are designed in the form of micro or nano bores.
- the size of the structural elements 22 with regard to their diameter, their depth or their length or their width and the spacings between the structural elements 22 adjacent to one another are of the same order of magnitude in the variant shown.
- the structural elements have a diameter of around 15 micrometers (15 ⁇ m) and a spacing to the next adjacent structural elements of around 5 micrometers (5 ⁇ m), so that a grid of around 20 micrometers (20 ⁇ m) results.
- Structural elements 22 with smaller dimensions and / or with differences in dimensions, such as length and width and depth, are also possible.
- Structural elements 22 with larger dimensions are visible from a certain size even when viewed perpendicularly and cover the information below.
- the depth of a structural element 22 is in the range of a micrometer. Deeper bores, in the range of several micrometers or a few 10 micrometers, for example between 10 and 20 micrometers, are also possible.
- the structural elements 22 can be produced by means of ultra-short laser pulses, for example with a pulse duration of less than 10 picoseconds (10 ps), in particular less than 1 picosecond (1 ps) or less than 500 femtoseconds (500 fs).
- Micro- or nano-bores produced in this way or differently can be filled with a material which differs in terms of its properties from the starting material of the security element, for example has a different refractive index or a different color.
- unfilled or filled depressions, in particular micro- or nano-bores can be covered. This can be achieved by means of a layer, a foil or a film, for example a lacquer layer.
- structural elements in the form of elevations can also be provided, or structural elements 22 can be arranged within a layer 1.
- Structural elements of different shapes can also be combined with one another within a structure. This further increases the security against forgery.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherheitsdokument und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments.The present invention relates to a security document and a method for producing a security document.
Zur Steigerung der Fälschungssicherheit von Sicherheitsdokumenten, insbesondere auch Wertdokumenten, werden unterschiedliche Merkmale und Verfahren verwendet, die eine Nachbildung oder Verfremdung erschweren oder verhindern. Dabei setzt sich ein Sicherheitsdokument üblicherweise aus mehreren Schichten zusammen, die vorzugsweise durch Lamination miteinander verbunden werden. Die Daten werden zum Schutz vor Manipulation unter einer vorzugsweise transparenten Deckschicht innerhalb des Materials eingebracht. Dies kann durch Laserpersonalisierung in den ansonsten fertigen Datenträger bewerkstelligt werden. Ein weiteres Verfahren sieht vor, den Datenträger nach der Personalisierung mit einer vorzugsweise transparenten Deckschicht zu versehen.To increase the protection against forgery of security documents, in particular also documents of value, different features and methods are used which make replication or alienation difficult or prevent. A security document is usually composed of several layers, which are preferably connected to one another by lamination. To protect against manipulation, the data are introduced under a preferably transparent cover layer within the material. This can be done by laser personalization in the otherwise finished data carrier. Another method provides for the data carrier to be provided with a preferably transparent cover layer after the personalization.
Ein Sicherheitsdokument lässt sich verfremden, indem die Deckschicht entfernt wird und, nach Manipulation der darunterliegenden Daten, eine neue Deckschicht aufgebracht wird. Zur Sicherung des Dokumentes vor Manipulation können Hologramme verwendet werden. Dazu wird eine spezielle Hologrammfolie entsprechend belichtet und auf den Datenträger aufgebracht. Beispiele für eine Sicherung mittels Hologrammen sind unter anderem in
Die folgenden Definitionen sind aus dem Dokument
Aus dem Dokument
Im Dokument
Dokument
Im Dokument
Sicherheitsdokumente weisen typischerweise ein Substrat, eine Druckschicht und optional eine transparente Deckschicht auf. Ein Substrat ist eine Trägerstruktur, auf welche die Druckschicht mit Informationen, Bildern, Mustern und dergleichen aufgebracht wird. Als Materialien für ein Substrat kommen unter anderem alle fachüblichen Werkstoffe auf Papier- und/oder Kunststoffbasis in Frage. Beispiele für Sicherheitsdokumente sind Personalausweise, Reisepässe, Führerscheine, ID- Karten, Zugangskontrollausweise, Visa, Steuerzeichen, Tickets, Kraftfahrzeugpapiere, Banknoten, Schecks, Postwertzeichen, Kreditkarten, beliebige Chipkarten und Haftetiketten.Security documents typically have a substrate, a printing layer and optionally a transparent cover layer. A substrate is a support structure on which the printing layer with information, images, patterns and the like is applied. All customary materials based on paper and / or plastic come into consideration as materials for a substrate. Examples of security documents are identity cards, passports, driver's licenses, ID cards, access control cards, visas, tax codes, tickets, motor vehicle documents, bank notes, checks, postage stamps, credit cards, any chip cards and adhesive labels.
Vor dem beschriebenen Hintergrund ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Fälschungssicherheit von Sicherheitsdokumenten weiter zu verbessern.Against the background described, it is the object of the present invention to further improve the security against forgery of security documents.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Sicherheitsdokument nach Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments nach Anspruch 9 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten weitere, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a security document according to
Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsdokument ist aus einer Anzahl an Schichten aufgebaut, von denen mindestens eine Schicht ein Sicherheitselement umfasst. Das Sicherheitselement weist eine Struktur auf, die eine Vielzahl Strukturelemente umfasst. Die Strukturelemente sind insbesondere als Vertiefungen bezüglich der Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements ausgebildet. Die Strukturelemente weisen Abmessungen, insbesondere Durchmesser, von weniger als 200 Mikrometern (200 µm) auf. Bevorzugt weisen die Strukturelemente Abmessungen im Bereich zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 50 Mikrometer (50 µm) auf. Vorzugsweise ist das Sicherheitselement als Folie ausgestaltet. Das Sicherheitselement kann die Deckschicht des Sicherheitsdokuments sein. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Strukturelemente als Bohrungen ausgestaltet. Die Struktur umfasst dabei individualisierende Informationen zu einem Inhaber des Sicherheitsdokuments. Die derart individualisierende Struktur mit Informationen zu einem Inhaber des jeweiligen Sicherheitsdokuments verbessert die Fälschungssicherheit.The security document according to the invention is composed of a number of layers, of which at least one layer comprises a security element. The security element has a structure which comprises a multiplicity of structural elements. The structural elements are in particular designed as depressions with respect to the surface of the security element. The structural elements have dimensions, in particular diameters, of less than 200 micrometers (200 μm). The structural elements preferably have dimensions in the range between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 μm). The security element is preferably designed as a film. The security element can be the cover layer of the security document. According to the invention, the structural elements are designed as bores. The structure includes individualizing information about an owner of the security document. The structure that is individualized in this way with information about an owner of the respective security document improves the protection against forgery.
Die Ausgestaltung des Sicherheitselements mit einer Mikro- oder Nanostruktur hat den Vorteil, dass die verwendete Struktur mit bloßen Auge nicht sofort erkennbar ist, aber mit einfachen Mitteln, zum Beispiel einem Mikroskop oder durch eine Betrachtung unter einem geeigneten Winkel, sichtbar gemacht werden kann. Weiterhin kann ein solches Sicherheitselement nicht oder nur mit erheblichem Aufwand kopiert oder gefälscht werden. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung als Deckschicht eines Sicherheitsdokuments kann die Oberfläche oder die Deckschicht des Sicherheitsdokuments nicht manipuliert oder unbemerkt von dem übrigen Datenträger getrennt und ersetzt werden.The configuration of the security element with a micro- or nanostructure has the advantage that the structure used cannot be seen immediately with the naked eye, but can be made visible with simple means, for example a microscope or by viewing at a suitable angle. Furthermore, such a security element cannot be copied or counterfeited, or only with considerable effort. In particular when used as a cover layer of a security document, the surface or the cover layer of the security document cannot be manipulated or separated from the rest of the data carrier and replaced without being noticed.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante weist das Sicherheitselement eine periodische Struktur auf. Dies ist beispielsweise im Rahmen einer Verwendung für Sicherheitsdokumente, insbesondere Wertdokumente, die in großer Stückzahl mit überwiegend identischen Merkmalen gefertigt werden, sinnvoll. So kann zum Beispiel eine Folie mit einer bestimmten fortlaufenden periodischen Struktur für eine bestimmte Art von Sicherheitsdokumenten kostengünstig hergestellt werden.In an advantageous variant, the security element has a periodic structure. This is useful, for example, in the context of a use for security documents, in particular documents of value that are produced in large numbers with predominantly identical features. For example, a film with a specific continuous periodic structure for a specific type of security document can be produced inexpensively.
Grundsätzlich können die Strukturelemente auf mindestens einer Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements oder im Inneren beziehungsweise innerhalb des Sicherheitselements angeordnet sein. Die Strukturelemente sind vorzugsweise Vertiefungen, können aber auch als Erhebungen oder Hohlräume ausgestaltet sein. Es ist auch möglich, dass die Strukturelemente sich in Bezug auf ihre optischen und/oder mechanischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften von dem Material des Sicherheitselements unterscheiden. Mit anderen Worten können die Strukturelemente von dem Material des Sicherheitselements abweichende optische, mechanische oder chemische Eigenschaften aufweisen. Die genannten Varianten können beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden. Sie haben den Vorteil, dass sie vergleichsweise einfach und kostengünstig erzeugt werden können und gleichzeitig den Fälschungsschutz erheblich verbessern.In principle, the structural elements can be arranged on at least one surface of the security element or inside or within the security element. The structural elements are preferably depressions, but can also be configured as elevations or cavities. It is also possible for the structural elements to differ from the material of the security element with regard to their optical and / or mechanical and / or chemical properties. In other words, the structural elements can have optical, mechanical or chemical properties that differ from the material of the security element. The variants mentioned can be combined with one another as required. They have the advantage that they can be produced comparatively easily and inexpensively and at the same time significantly improve protection against forgery.
Es ist von Vorteil, dass die Strukturelemente so ausgestaltet sind, dass bei Betrachtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche das Sicherheitselement nicht sichtbar ist und die darunterliegenden Informationen erkennbar bleiben, insbesondere gut erkennbar bleiben, und bei Betrachtung unter einem spitzen Winkel die Struktur als mattierte Fläche sichtbar ist und bei schrägem Lichteinfall die Wirkung eines optischen Gitters zeigt, indem die Spektralfarben des einfallenden Lichtes sichtbar werden. Dies kann erreicht werden, indem Boden- oder Deckenflächen der Strukturelemente möglichst parallel zu einer Erstreckungsebene des Sicherheitselements und Wandflächen der Strukturelemente möglichst senkrecht zu der Erstreckungsebene des Sicherheitselements ausgerichtet sind.It is advantageous that the structural elements are designed in such a way that when viewed perpendicular to the surface, the security element is not visible and the information below remains recognizable, in particular remains easily recognizable, and when viewed at an acute angle, the structure is visible as a matted surface and shows the effect of an optical grating with inclined incidence of light, in which the spectral colors of the incident light become visible. This can be achieved in that the bottom or top surfaces of the structural elements are aligned as parallel as possible to a plane of extension of the security element and wall surfaces of the structural elements are aligned as perpendicular as possible to the plane of extension of the security element.
Die einzelnen Strukturelemente können eine Länge und/oder eine Breite und/oder eine Tiefe beziehungsweise eine Höhe und/oder einen Abstand benachbarter Strukturelemente voneinander von weniger als 200 Mikrometern, zum Beispiel zwischen 100 Nanometer bis 50 Mikrometer aufweisen. Dabei sind Abmessungen in Bezug auf die Länge und/oder Breite und/oder den Abstand von wenigstens 1 Mikrometer sowie Tiefen von wenigstens 0,5 oder 1 Mikrometer vorteilhaft. Vorzugsweise betragen die Abmessungen in Bezug auf die Länge und/oder Breite und/oder den Abstand höchstens 20 Mikrometer. Ebenfalls ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Tiefen nicht mehr als 20 Mikrometer betragen. Die genannten Abmessungen erfordern spezielle Fertigungsverfahren, zum Beispiel eine Materialbearbeitung mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen, so dass das Sicherheitselement nur mit hohem apparativem Aufwand nachgebildet werden kann, was seine Fälschungssicherheit erhöht. Zudem sind die Details der Struktur nicht sofort erkennbar, was eine Nachbildung weiter erschwert. Die Abmessungen von Länge, Breite, Tiefe und/oder Abstand können voneinander verschiedene Werte annehmen.The individual structural elements can have a length and / or a width and / or a depth or a height and / or a distance between adjacent structural elements of less than 200 micrometers, for example between 100 nanometers to 50 micrometers. Dimensions with respect to the length and / or width and / or the distance of at least 1 micrometer and depths of at least 0.5 or 1 micrometer are advantageous. The dimensions with respect to the length and / or width and / or the distance are preferably at most 20 micrometers. It is also advantageous if the depths are not more than 20 micrometers. The dimensions mentioned require special manufacturing processes, for example material processing with ultra-short laser pulses, so that the security element can only be simulated with a high outlay on equipment, which increases its security against forgery. In addition, the details of the structure are not immediately recognizable, which makes replication even more difficult. The dimensions of length, width, depth and / or distance can assume different values from one another.
Sind die Strukturelemente als Vertiefungen ausgebildet, besitzen sie vorzugsweise eine Bodenfläche, welche einen höchstens halb so hohen Reflexionskoeffizienten aufweist wie die Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements zwischen den Strukturelementen. Dies kann durch Wahl eines geeigneten Materials des Sicherheitselements erreicht werden, das unter Einwirkung von Laserlicht eine geringfügige Schwärzung aufweist. Ebenso werden gute Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn die Struktureelemente in ein Material mit einer gerichtet reflektierenden Oberfläche eingebracht werden, da insbesondere bei Verwendung von Laserpulsen für die Bildung der Strukturelemente deren Bodenfläche diffus reflektiert. Durch den geringeren Reflexionskoeffizienten der Bodenfläche wird erreicht, dass das Sicherheitselement eine bei vertikaler Draufsicht mattierte oder graue Überlagerung mit den darunterliegenden Informationen bietet.If the structural elements are designed as depressions, they preferably have a bottom surface which has a reflection coefficient which is at most half as high as the surface of the security element between the structural elements. This can be achieved by choosing a suitable material for the security element which exhibits a slight blackening under the action of laser light. Good results are also achieved if the structural elements are incorporated into a material with a directionally reflective surface, since their bottom surface reflects diffusely, especially when using laser pulses for the formation of the structural elements. The lower reflection coefficient of the floor surface means that the security element offers a matt or gray overlay with the information below when viewed from above.
Die Strukturelemente sind als Bohrungen, also als Vertiefungen mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt, ausgestaltet, zum Beispiel als Mikro- oder Nano-Laserbohrungen. Diese haben den Vorteil, dass sie sich mit ultrakurzen Laserpulsen vergleichsweise einfach fertigen lassen. Die Strukturelemente der periodischen Struktur können auch abweichende Formen und/oder Kombinationen von Formen aufweisen. Die Struktur kann auch Überlagerungen von Strukturelementen enthalten.The structural elements are designed as bores, that is to say as depressions with a circular cross section, for example as micro or nano laser bores. These have the advantage that they can be manufactured comparatively easily with ultra-short laser pulses. The structural elements of the periodic structure can also have different shapes and / or combinations of shapes. The structure can also contain superimpositions of structural elements.
In einer weiteren Variante sind die Strukturelemente abgedeckt, zum Beispiel mit einer Folie oder einem Film, insbesondere einer Lackschicht. Dadurch wird die Struktur gegen äußere Einflüsse geschützt. Dabei können die Strukturelemente als Vertiefungen oder Hohlräume ausgestaltet sein und mit einem Material gefüllt sein, welches sich von dem Material des Sicherheitselements unterscheidet. Das zum Füllen verwendete Material besitzt vorzugsweise einen von dem Material des Sicherheitselements abweichenden Brechungsindex und/oder eine von der Farbe des Materials des Sicherheitselements abweichende Farbe. Durch das Füllen werden die Strukturelemente vor Beschädigungen geschützt. Die abweichenden Materialeigenschaften erleichtern ein Erkennen und Auslesen der Struktur. Insbesondere kann das Füllen anhand von Druckverfahren wie insbesondere dem Tintenstrahldruck erfolgen. Hierzu können Tinten verwendet werden, die mindestens einen Polymeranteil wie beispielsweise Polycarbonat enthalten. Die Verwendung von Druckverfahren für das Füllen bietet den Vorteil, dass die Strukturelemente selektiv verschiedenfarbig gefüllt werden können.In a further variant, the structural elements are covered, for example with a foil or a film, in particular a lacquer layer. This protects the structure against external influences. The structural elements can be designed as depressions or cavities and filled with a material that differs from the material of the security element. The material used for filling preferably has a refractive index that differs from the material of the security element and / or one of the color color different from the material of the security element. Filling protects the structural elements from damage. The different material properties make it easier to recognize and read out the structure. In particular, the filling can be carried out using printing processes such as, in particular, inkjet printing. For this purpose, inks can be used which contain at least one polymer component such as polycarbonate. The use of printing processes for filling offers the advantage that the structural elements can be selectively filled with different colors.
Das Sicherheitselement kann für ein bestimmtes Sicherheitsdokument oder für eine bestimmte Art von Sicherheitsdokumenten mit bestimmten Sicherheitsinformationen ausgelegt sein, deren Vorhandensein im Rahmen der Dokumentenprüfung detektiert werden kann. In diesem Fall kann die Struktur Sicherheitsinformationen für das bestimmte Sicherheitsdokument enthalten.The security element can be designed for a specific security document or for a specific type of security document with specific security information, the presence of which can be detected during the document check. In this case the structure can contain security information for the particular security document.
Ohne die Art des Materials einzuschränken, kann das Sicherheitselement ein zumindest teilweise transparentes Material und/oder eine Metallschicht und/oder Hologrammfolie und/oder Polycarbonat und/oder Glas umfassen. Die Struktur kann sich in dem transparenten Material und/oder der Metallschicht und/oder der Hologrammfolie und/oder dem Polycarbonat und/oder dem Glas befinden. Beispielsweise kann das Sicherheitselement vollständig oder teilweise transparent sein, insbesondere transparent für sichtbares Licht. Das Sicherheitselement kann auch ein vollständig oder teilweise transparentes Fenster sowie optional intransparente Bereiche aufweisen, wobei die Struktur zumindest teilweise in dem Fenster angeordnet ist. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Struktur von zwei Seiten sichtbar gemacht werden kann. In einer weiteren Variante kann die Struktur in einer metallisierten Folie angeordnet sein.Without restricting the type of material, the security element can comprise an at least partially transparent material and / or a metal layer and / or hologram film and / or polycarbonate and / or glass. The structure can be located in the transparent material and / or the metal layer and / or the hologram film and / or the polycarbonate and / or the glass. For example, the security element can be completely or partially transparent, in particular transparent to visible light. The security element can also have a completely or partially transparent window and optionally non-transparent areas, the structure being at least partially arranged in the window. This has the advantage that the structure can be made visible from two sides. In a further variant, the structure can be arranged in a metallized film.
Das erfindungsgemäße Sicherheitsdokument umfasst durch Lamination miteinander verbundene Schichten. Bei den Schichten handelt es sich zum Beispiel um ein Substrat, eine Druckschicht, die sicherheitsrelevante Informationen enthält, und Deckschicht, wobei die Druckschicht zwischen dem Substrat und der Deckschicht angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Deckschicht das Sicherheitselement. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass mindestens eine der anderen Schichten ein Sicherheitselement umfasst. Auf diese Weise kann die Fälschungssicherheit noch weiter verbessert werden.The security document according to the invention comprises layers connected to one another by lamination. The layers are, for example, a substrate, a printing layer that contains security-relevant information, and a cover layer, the printing layer being arranged between the substrate and the cover layer. According to the invention, the cover layer comprises the security element. But it is also possible that at least one of the other Layers comprises a security element. In this way, the protection against forgery can be further improved.
In einer vorteilhaften Variante umfasst das Sicherheitsdokument ein transparentes Fenster, wobei das Sicherheitselement im Bereich des transparenten Fensters angeordnet ist. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die Struktur von beiden Seiten des Sicherheitsdokuments sichtbar und damit überprüfbar ist.In an advantageous variant, the security document comprises a transparent window, the security element being arranged in the area of the transparent window. This has the advantage that the structure is visible from both sides of the security document and can therefore be checked.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments mit einem Sicherheitselement als Schicht, insbesondere als Deckschicht des Sicherheitsdokuments, umfasst die Erzeugung einer Struktur mit Strukturelementen mit Abmessungen von weniger als 200 Mikrometer (200 µm) in oder auf dem Material des Sicherheitselements. Erfindungsgemäß werden dabei Laserbohrungen im Mikrometerbereich und/oder Nanometerbereich mit individualisierenden Informationen zu einem Inhaber des Sicherheitsdokuments in mindestens eine Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements eingebracht. Die Struktur kann mittels Laserstrahlung und zusätzlich durch lokale Aufschäumungen erzeugt werden. Dabei können insbesondere Strukturelemente mit Abmessungen im Bereich zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 50 Mikrometer (50 µm) auf das Material des Sicherheitselements aufgebacht oder in das Material des Sicherheitselements eingebracht werden. Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann ein oben beschriebenes erfindungsgemäßes Sicherheitsdokument hergestellt werden. Das Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass es auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise die Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments, welches ein hohes Kopier- und Fälschungssicherheitsniveau aufweist, ermöglicht.The method according to the invention for producing a security document with a security element as a layer, in particular as a cover layer of the security document, comprises the production of a structure with structural elements with dimensions of less than 200 micrometers (200 μm) in or on the material of the security element. According to the invention, laser bores in the micrometer range and / or nanometer range with individualizing information about an owner of the security document are made in at least one surface of the security element. The structure can be created by means of laser radiation and additionally by local foaming. In particular, structural elements with dimensions in the range between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 μm) can be applied to the material of the security element or introduced into the material of the security element. An above-described security document according to the invention can be produced by means of the method according to the invention. The method has the advantage that it enables the production of a security document which has a high level of protection against copying and forgery in a simple and inexpensive manner.
Die Strukturelemente können auf oder in mindestens einer Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements in Form von Erhebungen und/oder Vertiefungen erzeugt werden. Zusätzlich oder alternativ dazu können die Strukturelemente im Inneren beziehungsweise innerhalb des Sicherheitselements in Form von Hohlräumen erzeugt werden. Das Sicherheitselement kann zum Beispiel aus einer Folie gefertigt werden. Dabei können in mindestens einer Oberfläche der Folie Vertiefungen erzeugt werden, insbesondere indem Material abgetragen wird.The structural elements can be produced on or in at least one surface of the security element in the form of elevations and / or depressions. In addition or as an alternative to this, the structural elements can be produced in the interior or within the security element in the form of cavities. The security element can be made from a film, for example. In this case, depressions can be produced in at least one surface of the film, in particular by removing material.
Erfindungsgemäß werden Laserbohrungen im Mikrometerbereich und/oder Nanometerbereich in mindestens eine Oberfläche des Sicherheitselements eingebracht. Diese können einen Durchmesser zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 50 Mikrometer (10 µm), zum Beispiel zwischen 5 Mikrometern und 20 Mikrometern, und/oder eine Tiefe zwischen 100 Nanometer (100 nm) und 50 Mikrometer (50 µm), zum Beispiel zwischen 500 Nanometern und 20 Mikrometern, aufweisen.According to the invention, laser bores in the micrometer range and / or nanometer range are made in at least one surface of the security element. These can have a diameter between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (10 µm), for example between 5 micrometers and 20 micrometers, and / or a depth between 100 nanometers (100 nm) and 50 micrometers (50 µm), for example between 500 nanometers and 20 micrometers.
Durch lokale Aufschäumungen und/oder durch hochauflösende 3D Drucktechnologie, mittels zum Beispiel Zwei-Photonen-Polymerisation, lassen sich Strukturelemente in Form von Erhebungen erzeugen.Structural elements in the form of elevations can be generated through local foaming and / or through high-resolution 3D printing technology, for example by means of two-photon polymerization.
Vorzugsweise wird eine periodische Struktur erzeugt oder eine Struktur, die sicherheitsrelevante Informationen enthält oder wiedergibt. Zum Beispiel kann die Struktur Konturen einer Abbildung, einer graphischen Darstellung, eines Bildes, insbesondere eines Fotos, oder andere Formen oder Muster wiedergeben. Die Struktur kann in einer Deckschicht deckungsgleich über einem in einer Druckschicht enthaltenen Merkmal, zum Beispiel einer Abbildung etc., oder versetzt dazu angeordnet werden.A periodic structure is preferably generated or a structure that contains or reproduces security-relevant information. For example, the structure can reproduce the contours of an image, a graphic representation, an image, in particular a photo, or other shapes or patterns. The structure can be arranged in a cover layer congruently over a feature contained in a printing layer, for example an image, etc., or offset thereto.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die Strukturelemente mittels ultrakurzer Laserpulse erzeugt, zum Beispiel mit einer Pulsdauer von weniger als 10 Pikosekunden (10 ps), insbesondere weniger als 1 Pikosekunde (1 ps) oder weniger als 500 Femtosekunden (500 fs). Die Anwendung ultrakurzer Laserpulse ermöglicht eine präzise Fertigung und effiziente Erzeugung der Strukturelemente. Insbesondere werden durch ultrakurze Laserpulse thermische oder mechanische Schäden des Strukturelements während der Bearbeitung minimiert oder vermieden. Es ist bei geeigneter Wahl der Bearbeitungsparameter eine nahezu schmelzfreie Bearbeitung mit hoher Präzision möglich.The structural elements are advantageously generated by means of ultra-short laser pulses, for example with a pulse duration of less than 10 picoseconds (10 ps), in particular less than 1 picosecond (1 ps) or less than 500 femtoseconds (500 fs). The use of ultra-short laser pulses enables precise production and efficient generation of the structural elements. In particular, ultrashort laser pulses minimize or avoid thermal or mechanical damage to the structural element during processing. With a suitable choice of the machining parameters, almost melt-free machining with high precision is possible.
Durch ultrakurze Laserpulse ist es möglich die Oberfläche oder die transparente Deckschicht oberhalb einer personalisierten Schicht eines Sicherheitsdokuments mit einer vorzugsweise periodischen Struktur zu versehen, deren Abmessungen im Mikrometer- oder Nanometerbereich liegen. Dazu wird bevorzugt das Material relativ zum fokussierten Laserstrahl bewegt oder vom fokussierten Laserstrahl mittels beweglicher Spiegel abgescannt. Durch die kurze Wechselwirkungszeit der ultrakurzen Laserpulse mit dem Material verursacht der Materialabtrag keine Farbveränderung des Materials und die Elemente der Struktur sind farblos und bestehen vorzugsweise aus Mikrobohrungen. Daher ist die Struktur bei Betrachtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche nicht wahrnehmbar. Bei Betrachtung unter einem spitzen Winkel wird die Struktur als mattierte Fläche sichtbar und zeigt bei schrägem Lichteinfall die Wirkung eines optischen Gitters, so dass die Spektralfarben des einfallenden Lichtes sichtbar werden und so ein ähnlicher Eindruck wie bei einem Regenbogenhologramm entsteht.Ultrashort laser pulses make it possible to provide the surface or the transparent cover layer above a personalized layer of a security document with a preferably periodic structure, the dimensions of which are in the micrometer or nanometer range. This will be preferably the material moved relative to the focused laser beam or scanned from the focused laser beam by means of a movable mirror. Due to the short interaction time of the ultrashort laser pulses with the material, the material removal does not cause any color change in the material and the elements of the structure are colorless and preferably consist of microbores. Therefore, the structure cannot be seen when viewed perpendicular to the surface. When viewed at an acute angle, the structure becomes visible as a matted surface and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light become visible and an impression similar to a rainbow hologram is created.
Grundsätzlich kann das Sicherheitselement aus einem oder mehreren der oben im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement genannten Materialen gefertigt werden.In principle, the security element can be manufactured from one or more of the materials mentioned above in connection with the security element according to the invention.
In einer weiteren Variante können die in Form von Vertiefungen oder Hohlräumen ausgestalteten Strukturelemente mit einem Material gefüllt werden, welches sich von dem Material des Sicherheitselements unterscheidet. Das zum Füllen verwendete Material kann sich von dem Material, also dem verwendeten Ausgangsmaterial, des Sicherheitselements in Bezug auf seine mechanischen und/oder optischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften unterscheiden. Es kann zum Beispiel einen anderen Brechungsindex und/oder eine andere Farbe als das Ausgangsmaterial des Sicherheitselements aufweisen.In a further variant, the structural elements configured in the form of depressions or cavities can be filled with a material which differs from the material of the security element. The material used for filling can differ from the material, that is to say the starting material used, of the security element with regard to its mechanical and / or optical and / or chemical properties. For example, it can have a different refractive index and / or a different color than the starting material of the security element.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ dazu können die Strukturelemente abgedeckt werden, vorteilhafterweise mittels einer Folie, zum Beispiel mittels Hologrammfolie, und/oder einem Film, zum Beispiel einem Film aus Lack. Diese Maßnahmen schützen die Struktur vor äußeren Einwirkungen und Beschädigungen.Additionally or alternatively, the structural elements can be covered, advantageously by means of a foil, for example by means of a hologram foil, and / or a film, for example a film made of lacquer. These measures protect the structure from external influences and damage.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments, insbesondere eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsdokuments, bezieht sich auf ein Sicherheitsdokument, welches aus einer Anzahl an Schichten aufgebaut ist. Im Rahmen des Verfahrens wird mindestens eine Schicht aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselement oder einem gemäß dem zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellten Sicherheitselement gefertigt. Die mindestens eine Schicht wird mit einer Anzahl weiterer Schichten verbunden, zum Beispiel verklebt oder laminiert.The method according to the invention for producing a security document, in particular a security document according to the invention, relates to a security document which is composed of a number of layers. In the context of the method, at least one layer is made from a security element according to the invention or one according to the above Manufactured security element described method produced. The at least one layer is connected to a number of further layers, for example glued or laminated.
In einer weiteren Variante kann mit einem Ultrakurzpulslaser die Oberfläche eines Körpers eines Sicherheitsdokuments, also zum Beispiel ein bereits miteinander verbundene Schichten umfassender Körper, durch Mikro- oder Nano-Bohrungen mit einer vorzugsweise personalisierten, bei Betrachtung unter einem spitzen Winkel sichtbaren Struktur versehen werden. Dadurch wird eine Manipulation der Oberfläche oder ein Austausch der Deckschicht erkennbar.In a further variant, an ultrashort pulse laser can be used to provide the surface of a body of a security document, for example a body comprising layers that are already connected to one another, with a preferably personalized structure visible when viewed at an acute angle through micro or nano-holes. A manipulation of the surface or an exchange of the cover layer can be identified.
Die Struktur und deren Herstellung sind weitestgehend materialunabhängig. Insbesondere lässt sich die Struktur zum Beispiel in Polycarbonat oder Glas einbringen. Es sind keine speziellen Materialien, wie Hologrammfolie, nötig. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante befindet sich die Mikrostruktur innerhalb des Sicherheitsdokuments, zum Beispiel innerhalb einer Schicht des Sicherheitsdokuments, zum Beispiel innerhalb des Substrats, beziehungsweise wird im Rahmen des Herstellungsverfahrens dort erzeugt. Die Struktur kann auch innerhalb einer Hologrammfolie angeordnet sein beziehungsweise erzeugt werden.The structure and its manufacture are largely independent of the material. In particular, the structure can be made in polycarbonate or glass, for example. No special materials such as hologram foil are required. In an advantageous embodiment variant, the microstructure is located within the security document, for example within a layer of the security document, for example within the substrate, or is produced there as part of the production process. The structure can also be arranged or generated within a hologram film.
Die Struktur ist erfindungsgemäß so ausgestaltet, dass sie bei Betrachtung unter einem spitzen Winkel als mattierte Fläche erkennbar ist und bei schrägem Lichteinfall die Wirkung eines optischen Gitters zeigt, sodass die Spektralfarben des einfallenden Lichtes, also Regenbogenfarben, sichtbar sind. Bei Betrachtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche ist die Struktur bevorzugt mit bloßem Auge nicht sichtbar. Die Struktur kann bei Betrachtung unter einem Mikroskop erkennbar sein.According to the invention, the structure is designed in such a way that it can be seen as a matted surface when viewed at an acute angle and shows the effect of an optical grating when the light falls at an angle, so that the spectral colors of the incident light, i.e. rainbow colors, are visible. When viewed perpendicular to the surface, the structure is preferably not visible to the naked eye. The structure can be seen when viewed under a microscope.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht die Sicherung des Dokumentes durch eine Strukturierung der Oberfläche oder der erfindungsgemäß transparenten Deckschicht. Dabei nimmt die Strukturierung vorzugsweise die Informationen oder Daten des darunterliegenden Datenträgers auf, so dass die Oberfläche oder die Deckschicht nicht manipuliert oder unbemerkt von dem übrigen Datenträger getrennt und ersetzt werden kann. Auf diese Weise wird die Fälschungssicherheit erhöht. Zusammenfassend stellt die Erfindung eine Struktur, deren Strukturelemente sowie deren Herstellung vor. Die Strukturelemente befinden sich auf der Oberfläche oder in oder auf der transparenten Deckschicht eines Sicherheitsdokumentes, insbesondere eines Wertdokuments. Aufgrund der Abmessungen und der optischen Eigenschaften, wie zum Beispiel der Transparenz der Struktur und gegebenenfalls der Farblosigkeit der Strukturelemente, lassen sich bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung nur durch ultrakurze Laserpulse mit praktikablem Aufwand generieren und sind nicht mechanisch zu imitieren. Vorzugsweise lässt sich ein direkt erkennbarer Bezug zwischen der in einer Deckschicht eingebrachten Struktur und einer Information in einer darunterliegenden Schicht eines Datenträgers herstellen. Dadurch wird eine Manipulation der Oberfläche oder ein Austausch der Deckschicht direkt erkennbar.The present invention enables the document to be secured by structuring the surface or the transparent cover layer according to the invention. The structuring preferably takes up the information or data from the underlying data carrier so that the surface or the cover layer cannot be manipulated or separated from the rest of the data carrier and replaced without being noticed. This increases the security against forgery. In summary, the invention presents a structure, its structural elements and their manufacture. The structural elements are located on the surface or in or on the transparent cover layer of a security document, in particular a value document. Due to the dimensions and the optical properties, such as, for example, the transparency of the structure and possibly the colorlessness of the structural elements, preferred embodiments of the invention can only be generated by ultrashort laser pulses with practical effort and cannot be imitated mechanically. Preferably, a directly recognizable relationship can be established between the structure introduced in a cover layer and information in an underlying layer of a data carrier. A manipulation of the surface or an exchange of the cover layer is thereby directly recognizable.
Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsvarianten unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren näher beschrieben. Die im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten stellen lediglich Beispiele dar, welche den Gegenstand der Erfindung jedoch nicht beschränken.
- Fig. 1
- zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsdokuments in einer teilweise geschnittenen und perspektivischen Ansicht.
- Fig. 2
- zeigt schematisch einen anderen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsdokuments in einer teilweise geschnittenen und perspektivischen Ansicht.
- Fig. 3
- zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselements in einer Draufsicht.
- Fig. 4
- zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselements in einer perspektischen Ansicht.
- Fig. 1
- shows schematically a detail of a security document according to the invention in a partially sectioned and perspective view.
- Fig. 2
- shows schematically another section of a security document according to the invention in a partially cut and perspective view.
- Fig. 3
- schematically shows a section of a security element according to the invention in a top view.
- Fig. 4
- shows schematically a section of a security element according to the invention in a perspective view.
In
Auf der Oberfläche 12 des Sicherheitsdokuments 10 ist eine periodische Struktur 21 angeordnet, welche bei Betrachtung senkrecht zur Oberfläche 12 nicht sichtbar ist und somit die darunterliegenden Informationen gut erkennbar bleiben. Allgemein kann die periodische Struktur 21, wenn diese vor dem Aufbringen der die Struktur 21 tragenden Folie auf den Folienstapel gebildet wird, auch auf der bezüglich des Folienstapels innenliegenden Oberfläche der die Struktur 21 tragenden Folie angeordnet sein. Bei Betrachtung unter einem spitzen Winkel wird die Struktur 21 als mattierte Fläche sichtbar und zeigt bei schrägem Lichteinfall die Wirkung eines optischen Gitters, so dass die Spektralfarben des einfallenden Lichtes sichtbar werden und ein Eindruck ähnlich dem eines Regenbogenhologramms entsteht.A
In
Die Struktur 23 kann vorzugsweise passgenau zu dem darunterliegenden Bildelement 13 eingebracht werden. Eine Manipulation der Oberfläche oder ein Austausch der Deckschicht wäre dadurch gut erkennbar. Ein Versatz zu dem darunterliegenden Bildelement 13 ist ebenfalls möglich und erhöht die Fälschungssicherheit dadurch, dass durch den Versatz das nachgezeichnete Bildelement 13 auch bei einer Betrachtung unter einem Mikroskop für einen Laien nicht unmittelbar erkennbar ist.The
Die Struktur 23 eines Portraits oder eines anderen Bildelements oder eines graphischen Elements muss nicht über, insbesondere deckungsgleich über, dem darunterlegenden Portrait angeordnet sein, sondern kann auch an einer anderen Stelle des Sicherheitsdokumentes 10 eingebracht werden. Zum Beispiel ist eine Anordnung auf oder in der Rückseite 6 möglich.The
Die
Die
Die gezeigte periodische Struktur 21 ist aus Strukturelementen 22 aufgebaut. Die Strukturelemente 22 sind in Form von Mikro- oder Nanobohrungen ausgestaltet. Die Größe der Strukturelemente 22 in Bezug auf ihren Durchmesser, ihre Tiefe oder ihre Länge oder ihre Breite und die Abstände zwischen den zueinander benachbarten Strukturelementen 22 liegt in der gezeigten Variante in der gleichen Größenordnung. Im dargestellten Fall weisen die Strukturelemente Durchmesser von etwa 15 Mikrometern (15 µm) und Abstände zu den nächstbenachbarten Strukturelementen von etwa 5 Mikrometern (5 µm) auf, so dass sich ein Raster von etwa 20 Mikrometern (20 µm) ergibt. Es sind auch Strukturelemente 22 mit kleineren Abmessungen und/oder mit Unterschieden in den Abmessungen, wie zum Beispiel Länge und Breite und Tiefe möglich. Strukturelemente 22 mit größeren Abmessungen werden ab einer gewissen Größe auch bei senkrechter Betrachtung sichtbar und verdecken die darunterliegenden Informationen. Im dargestellten Fall liegt die Tiefe eines Strukturelementes 22 im Bereich eines Mikrometers. Tiefere Bohrungen, im Bereich mehrerer Mikrometer oder einiger 10 Mikrometer, beispielsweise zwischen 10 und 20 Mikrometern, sind ebenfalls möglich.The
Im Rahmen der erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements für ein Sicherheitsdokument oder der Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments können die Strukturelemente 22 mittels ultrakurzer Laserpulse erzeugt werden, zum Beispiel mit einer Pulsdauer von weniger als 10 Pikosekunden (10 ps), insbesondere weniger als 1 Pikosekunde (1 ps) oder weniger als 500 Femtosekunden (500 fs). So oder anders erzeugte Mikro- oder Nanobohrungen können mit einem Material gefüllt werden, welches sich hinsichtlich seiner Eigenschaften von dem Ausgangsmaterial des Sicherheitselements unterscheidet, zum Beispiel einen anderen Brechungsindex oder eine andere Farbe aufweist. Weiterhin können ungefüllte oder gefüllte Vertiefungen, insbesondere Mikro- oder Nanobohrungen, abgedeckt werden. Dies kann mittels einer Schicht, einer Folie oder einem Film, zum Beispiel einer Lackschicht, realisiert werden.As part of the inventive production of a security element for a security document or the production of a security document, the
Grundsätzlich können auch Strukturelemente in Form von Erhebungen vorgesehen sein oder es können Strukturelemente 22 innerhalb einer Schicht 1 angeordnet sein. Auch können verschieden ausgeformte Strukturelemente innerhalb einer Struktur miteinander kombiniert werden. Dies erhöht die Fälschungssicherheit noch weiter.In principle, structural elements in the form of elevations can also be provided, or
- 11
- Schichtenlayers
- 22
- Deckschicht mit SicherheitselementCover layer with security element
- 55
- Vorderseitefront
- 66
- Rückseiteback
- 1010
- SicherheitsdokumentSecurity document
- 1111
- TextelementeText elements
- 1212
- Oberflächesurface
- 1313
- BildelementImage element
- 2121st
- periodische Strukturperiodic structure
- 2222nd
- StrukturelementeStructural elements
- 2323
- Struktur mit BildelementenStructure with picture elements
Claims (13)
- Security document (10) which is made up of a number of layers (1) that are interconnected by means of lamination and comprise a substrate, a printed layer having security-relevant information and a cover layer, wherein the printed layer is arranged between the substrate and the cover layer (2), wherein- the cover layer (2) has a security element having a structure (21, 23) which comprises structural elements (22) that have dimensions of less than 200 micrometers;- the cover layer is a transparent layer;- the structural elements (22) are formed as holes;- the structural elements (22) are formed such that, when viewed perpendicularly to the surface (12), the structure (21, 23) is not visible to the naked eye and underlying information of the printed layer remains discernible;- the structural elements (22) are formed such that, when viewed at an acute angle, the structure (21, 23) is visible as a matte surface and, when the incidence of light is inclined, shows the effect of an optical grating by the spectral colors of the incident light becoming visible; and- the structure (23) comprises individualizing information about an owner of the security document (10).
- Security document (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the security element is formed as a film.
- Security document (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the security element has a periodic structure (21).
- Security document (10) according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the structural elements (22) are arranged on at least one surface (12) of the security element or within the security element.
- Security document (10) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the structural elements (22) have a length and/or a width and/or a depth/height and/or a distance between adjacent structural elements (22) of less than 200 micrometers.
- Security document (10) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the structural elements (22) are formed as depressions and/or elevations.
- Security document (10) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the structural elements (22) are covered and/or the structural elements are formed as depressions or cavities and are filled with a material which differs from the starting material of the security element.
- Security document (10) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the security element comprises a metal layer and/or hologram film and/or polycarbonate and/or glass and the structure is located in the metal layer and/or the hologram film and/or the polycarbonate and/or the glass.
- Method for producing a security document (10) comprising a security element,
in which the following is provided:- a number of layers (1) are interconnected by means of lamination and comprise a substrate, a printed layer having security-relevant information and a cover layer, wherein the printed layer is arranged between the substrate and the cover layer (2);- the cover layer (2) is formed by a security element having a structure (21, 23) which comprises structural elements (22) that have dimensions of less than 200 micrometers;- the cover layer is in the form of a transparent layer;- the structural elements (22) are formed as laser holes;- the structural elements (22) are formed such that, when viewed perpendicularly to the surface (12), the structure (21, 23) is not visible to the naked eye and underlying information of the printed layer remains discernible;- the structural elements (22) are further formed such that, when viewed at an acute angle, the structure (21, 23) is visible as a matte surface and, when the incidence of light is inclined, shows the effect of an optical grating by the spectral colors of the incident light becoming visible; and- the structure (23) comprises individualizing information about an owner of the security document (10). - Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the structure is produced by means of laser radiation and by local foaming.
- Method according to either claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the structural elements (22) are produced on or in at least one surface (12) of the security element in the form of elevations and/or depressions, and/or the structural elements are produced within the security element in the form of cavities.
- Method according to any of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the structural elements (22) are produced by means of ultra-short laser pulses.
- Method according to any of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the structural elements (22) in the form of depressions or cavities are filled with a material which differs from the material of the security element, and/or the structural elements (22) are covered.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018106430.6A DE102018106430B4 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | Security element with micro- or nano-structuring |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3552837A1 EP3552837A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| EP3552837B1 true EP3552837B1 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
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| DE102018127628A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-07 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Security element with structurally assigned structural elements in different layers |
| DE102020111140A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method for marking by means of laser pulses |
| DE102020133863B4 (en) | 2020-12-16 | 2023-06-29 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | VALUABLE OR SECURITY PRODUCT AND PROCESS OF PRODUCTION |
| DE102021117699B4 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2025-08-14 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method for producing a security element for a security document, method for producing a security document, method for personalizing a security document, security element for a security document, security document and ID document |
| DE102022129499A1 (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-08 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Security element, security document and method for producing a security document |
| DE102023108753B3 (en) | 2023-04-05 | 2024-08-01 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Procedure for checking a security document |
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| DE102007025860A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-04 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Security document and method for its production |
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| DE102007042386A1 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2009-03-05 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method and device for individual colored holographic exposure |
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| DE102010025044B4 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2016-01-07 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method and device for producing a security document with colored perforations |
| FR2965752B1 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-11-30 | Arjowiggins Security | SECURITY STRUCTURE INCORPORATING MICROPERFORATIONS |
| DE102011004935A1 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-06 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Composite body and method of making a composite having an internal security feature |
| DE102011117239A1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-02 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for examining a sheet or card-shaped value document with a security feature having one or more cavities |
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| DE102012211077A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Security element with diffractive structures having microstructures and methods for production and verification |
| JP6357892B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2018-07-18 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Optical element |
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| DE102015226602A1 (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-22 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method for producing a security document and security document |
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