EP3775007A1 - Oberflächenmodifiziertes silikon, dessen verwendung in antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes verbundmaterial - Google Patents
Oberflächenmodifiziertes silikon, dessen verwendung in antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes verbundmaterialInfo
- Publication number
- EP3775007A1 EP3775007A1 EP19718292.6A EP19718292A EP3775007A1 EP 3775007 A1 EP3775007 A1 EP 3775007A1 EP 19718292 A EP19718292 A EP 19718292A EP 3775007 A1 EP3775007 A1 EP 3775007A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silicone
- range
- modified
- adhesive
- modified surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/12—Chemical modification
- C08J7/123—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2383/04—Polysiloxanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modified surface silicone, a composite material comprising said silicone, and a support material, and to a method of making said modified surface silicone. Further, the present invention relates to the use of said modified surface silicone in nonstick coatings and to the use of said composite as a release film and / or release liner for high surface tack fabrics.
- Silicone coatings on films and papers are used in a variety of ways, especially as release films or release papers, e.g. Pressure-sensitive adhesives and other substances with high surface adhesiveness (“surface tack”) such as highly viscous media, adhesives, patches or the like. to protect against unwanted sticking.
- Typical examples of such products are self-adhesive labels and self-adhesive semi-finished products such as mirror mounts, pressure-sensitive adhesives from or on screens of e.g. Tablet computers or smartphones and attachments in the motor vehicle exterior, such as moldings or logos, or in the automotive interior. Only before the desired gluing such release films or release papers (often referred to as "release liner”) are removed from the pressure-sensitive adhesive and performed the bonding by contacting with the substrate.
- the separation force ie the force that must be used to peel off the release liner from the pressure-sensitive adhesive
- the double-sided adhesive tape may be mentioned here, in which one side of the release liner must have higher separation forces so as to ensure that the parting plane always remains on one side, on the side of the pressure sensitive adhesive facing the center of the tape roll. This ensures that with a double-sided adhesive tape, the roll is always covered on the outside with the release liner and the pressure-sensitive adhesive is not exposed.
- This targeted adjustment of different release forces in siliconized release films or release papers is currently achieved by a conventional technique usually by their dynamic mechanical properties are varied by crosslinkers ("controlled release additives") such as per se known "MQ resins" to the Formulation of the silicone elastomer are added and / or by the layer thickness of the silicone elastomer used is varied.
- controlled release additives such as per se known "MQ resins” to the Formulation of the silicone elastomer are added and / or by the layer thickness of the silicone elastomer used is varied.
- a disadvantage of this conventional technique is that a change in the separation force usually requires a conversion of the silicone formulation and this leads to the production of web goods to considerable additional expense. Especially smaller batches of specialty papers can not be produced cheaply in this way.
- a laterally resolved adjustment of the release force on a release liner ie, adjusting various torques at various locations on the surface of a release liner or release liner, such as for ease of release in a label area by a "handle"
- adjusting various torques at various locations on the surface of a release liner or release liner, such as for ease of release in a label area by a "handle” is by this conventional technique not possible at all.
- release papers based on classic silicone elastomer coatings often results in the undesirable transfer ("imprint") of uncrosslinked constituents of this silicone elastomer to articles in contact therewith, e.g. for transfer to the pressure sensitive adhesive of an adhesive tape made with such a classic release paper.
- the document WO 2015/044247 relates to a plasma polymer solid, in particular a plasma polymer layer.
- WO 01/32949 A1 specifies a method and a device for the plasma coating of surfaces.
- the document WO 2008/132230 A2 describes a method for producing thin layers and a corresponding layer.
- the document WO 2015/075040 A1 describes a method for bonding silicone rubber to a substrate.
- the document EP 0 165 059 A2 relates to a material with low surface energy.
- the document EP 0 550 510 B1 (equivalent to DE 692 24 370 T2) describes a composition of a modified polysiloxane and a rubber article coated therewith.
- imprinting is understood to mean the transfer of Si-containing constituents from one surface to another during or after the contact of the surfaces with one another.
- a "small imprint” preferably denotes the transfer or removal from a modified silicon surface according to the invention of an Si content of ⁇ 1.5 at.% After contact with another surface, in particular the surface of a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, each measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA).
- ESA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- Another specific object of the present invention was to provide a surface modified silicone for use in nonstick coatings and to provide a composite surface-containing silicone material for use as a release liner or release liner for high surface tack adhesives.
- modified surface silicone preferably with surface modified by ultraviolet radiation, with an opposite surface to the modified surface or surface modification the unmodified silicone by> 0.1 to ⁇ 5.0 at%, preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.6 at%, more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.0 at%, more particularly preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.8 at%, very particularly preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.0 at% and even more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 1.0 atm. % reduced final level of carbon (or carbon atoms), based on the total number of atoms (present at the surface modification surface), as determined by ESCA (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
- ESCA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- atomic percent is a standard percentage of atomic species (e.g., silicon) in the art containing a mixture containing that atomic species. It is defined as the quotient of (i) the number (or amount of substance) of all the atoms of the considered atomic species (eg silicon) contained in a mixture (usually in a solid) and (ii) the number (or amount of substance) of all in the mixture contained atoms (if they are accessible to the measuring method or measuring technique used):
- end content is the proportion of carbon (or oxygen or carbon) permanently present in the silicone according to the invention with a modified surface (or in its modified surface) Silicon), where “permanent” here preferably means that the proportion or final proportion of carbon (or oxygen or silicon) is independent of the time of the measurement in the range defined above (if detected by the method specified here (ESCA)).
- a silicone having a composition of the surface comprising 25.2 at% of silicon, 28.3 at% of oxygen and 46.5 at% of carbon when measuring the surface composition with ESCA, is not included in the modified surface silicone of the present invention, or that said specific silicone is excluded from the definition of the modified surface silicone of the present invention.
- a silicone according to the invention having a modified surface (or a surface-modified silicone specified in this text as preferred), preferably having a surface modified by UV radiation, with a surface being modified on the surface of the modified surface or of the surface modification Silicone by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.0 at%, preferably by> 0, 1 to ⁇ 1, 0 at%, reduced end fraction of carbon (or carbon atoms), based on the total number of (on the surface of the Surface modification), which is determined by ESCA (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), preferably a silicone having a composition of the surface comprising 25.2 at.% Silicon, 28.3 at.% Oxygen and 46.5 at.% Carbon, when measuring the surface composition with ESCA, is not covered by the modified surface silicone according to the invention or wherein the The aforementioned special silicone is excluded from the definition of the modified surface silicone according to the invention.
- ESCA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- a silicone having a composition of the surface containing 25.4 at% of silicon, 32.0 at% of oxygen and 42.6 at% of carbon, when measuring the surface composition with ESCA. is not covered by the modified surface silicone according to the invention or that said special silicone is excluded from the definition of the modified surface silicone according to the invention.
- it may be preferable to use a silicone having a composition of the surface containing 24.4 at.% Of silicon, 32.0 at.% Of oxygen and 43.6 at.% Of carbon when measuring the surface composition with ESCA. is not included in the modified surface silicone of the present invention, or that said specific silicone is excluded from the definition of the modified surface silicone of the present invention.
- a "modified surface" of a silicone comprises a structural change and / or a change in the material composition of the modified surface compared to the unmodified silicone, wherein the modification is preferably by means of radiation, particularly preferably by means of UV radiation (to the preferred wavelength range see below) can be generated.
- the modification according to the invention of the silicone surface at least in the preferred cases, leads to an increase in the acid content and to a reduction in the carbon content in comparison with the unmodified silicone. It is assumed in this context that the reduced carbon content is caused by the (here radiation-related) degradation of carbon functions, accompanied by the incorporation of acid fuels.
- the surface modified silicone of the present invention only one surface may be modified (preferred), or two or, if present, multiple surfaces may be modified.
- the unmodified silicone for the purpose of comparison with the surface modified silicone of the present invention, there may optionally be used (i) an unmodified silicone from the same batch of manufacture, (ii) an unmodified portion of the surface of the surface modified silicone of the invention or (iii ) the unmodified silicone below the modified surface of the modified surface silicone, preferably at a depth of> 1 gm, more preferably at a depth of> 2 gm, below the modified surface.
- the unmodified silicone underneath the modified surface is used to compare the modified surface silicone according to the invention, in particular its modified surface, or its (its) properties.
- silicone is understood as meaning a poly (organo) siloxane in which silicon atoms are linked via oxygen atoms.
- a silicone in the sense of this invention can be uncrosslinked (rubber), partially crosslinked or fully crosslinked. Partly cross-linked means that preferably within the scope of a vulcanization reaction, further crosslinking can take place until completely crosslinked (fully crosslinked).
- the molecular chains are preferably at least partially crosslinked. The remaining free valence electrons of the silicon are saturated by carbon monoxide radicals, hydrogen or by functional groups which are or contain heteroatoms.
- Silicone within the meaning of this text may contain conventional additives such as e.g. Additives or fillers include and have one
- SHORE 3 Hardness of> SHORE 3, classified to SHORE A exam.
- the SHORE A hardness is measured according to DIN ISO 7619-1: 2010.
- silicones are preferably selected from the group consisting of silicone rubber, silicone resin and fluorosilicone, with silicone rubber (or silicone elastomer) being particularly preferred and silicone oils not being included.
- a silicone elastomer or silicone rubber in the sense of the present invention is preferably characterized by an elongation at break of the material of at least> 100%.
- the elongation at break of a silicone elastomer is preferably measured according to DIN 53504: 2009-10.
- a silicone rubber within the meaning of the present text preferably contains no fillers such as silicate fillers.
- Preferred properties of a silicone elastomer in the context of the present invention are a SHORE A hardness of 3 to 80, and / or an E modulus at 100% elongation ⁇ 5 MPa and / or a tensile strength of ⁇ 10 MPa.
- the SHORE A hardness is preferably measured according to DIN ISO 7619-1: 2010.
- the tensile strength and the tension values in the tensile test are preferably measured according to DIN 53504: 2009-10.
- a silicone resin is not an elastomer, which preferably means that the elongation at break of the material of a silicone resin as defined above is ⁇ 100%. Silicone resins typically do not contain fumed silica as a filler. In fully crosslinked form “silicone resins" in the sense of this text preferably have a SHORE D "hardness" of 20-50 measured according to DIN ISO 7619-1: 2010.
- a fluorosilicone is a silicone in which hydrocarbon groups are replaced by fluoroalkyl groups.
- an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA) measurement is performed in a manner known per se, in particular the ESCA spectra using monochromatic Al-Ka radiation in Constant-Analyzer Energy mode in the direction of the sample surface normal.
- Survey spectra are taken at a step size of 0.5 eV with a matching energy of 80 eV and in the direction of the sample surface normal.
- C 1s, Si 2p and O 1 s ESCA spectra are to be recorded with a matching energy of 20 eV, a step size of 0.05 eV and also in the direction of the sample surface normal.
- calibration is performed on the aliphatic portion of the C 1s peak at 284.50 eV.
- the element concentrations (contents) excluding elements not to be detected by the ESCA method are taken from overview spectra. determined according to known and recognized methods and on the basis of tabulated sensitivity factors according to Scofield. The determination of the element concentration must be carried out identically for modified and unmodified samples.
- Si 2p, O 1s and C 1s spectra are analyzed as follows:
- a search range of 99 eV to 106 eV applies.
- the background in the form of a straight baseline subtraction is considered as follows: at a step size of 0.05 eV, all measured values of the binding energy ranges 99 to 98 eV and 106 to 107 eV are averaged. This value is deducted as background from the measured values of the named range.
- the binding energy of the peak maximum, the maximum value of the peak and the width of the value distribution for half the maximum value are respectively determined by means of the least square fit routine in the mentioned search range on the basis of a Gaussian peak.
- the O 1s peak analysis is carried out, but deviating from a search range of 529 eV to 536 eV is applied and as binding energy ranges for the subsoil subtraction, the ranges of 536 to 537 eV and 528th be considered to 529 eV.
- the peak analyzes are identical for modified and unmodified samples.
- a silicone according to the invention with a modified surface (or a surface-modified silicone specified in this text as preferred), preferably with a UV-radiation-modified surface, wherein in the ESCA spectrum of the modified surface the half-width FWHM of the Si 2p- Peaks by> 0.012 to ⁇ 0.15 eV, preferably one to> 0.015 to ⁇ 0.12 eV, larger value in comparison with the unmodified silicone.
- the full width at half maximum FWHM of the Si 2p peak in the ESCA spectrum or the half width FWHM of the O 1 s peak in the ESCA spectrum means in the context of the present invention - in accordance with the usual understanding of the person skilled in the art in the field - the width of the value distribution at half maximum value of the distribution of the respective peak.
- the increase in the half-width is caused by the formation of new chemical groups, in particular silicon-containing groups such as silicon atoms, which are caused by 3 oxygen atoms and / or silicon atoms which are bonded to 4 oxygen atoms.
- These chemical groups are formed in particular by irradiation of the silicone or of the silicone elastomer.
- the silicon atoms of these newly formed chemical groups typically produce a signal of the Si 2p peak in the ESCA spectrum shifted to higher binding energies compared to the unmodified silicone.
- These newly formed proportions of shifted to higher binding energy signals apparently lead to an increase in the half-width of the Si 2p peak.
- a surface-modified silicone according to the invention (or a modified-surface silicone according to the invention given above or below), wherein in the ESCA spectrum of the modified surface the half-width FWHM of the O.sub.1 s peak is> 0.002 to ⁇ 0.055 eV has greater value compared to the unmodified silicone, and / or has a bond energy value in the ESCA spectrum of the modified surface of the Si 2p peak, preferably when calibrated to the aliphatic portion of the C s peak at 284.50 eV in comparison with the unmodified silicone by> 0 to ⁇ 0.1 eV, preferably from> 0.01 to ⁇ 0.07 eV, to higher binding energy values, and / or to the surface of the modified surface or surface modification opposite the unmodified silicone by> 0.05 to ⁇ 5.0 at%, preferably by> 0.006 to ⁇ 4.0 at%, more preferably by> 0.006 to ⁇ 3.5 at% increased final oxygen content, based on the total number of atom
- UV radiation is defined as electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the range of> 50 nm to ⁇ 380 nm.
- VUV radiation vacuum ultraviolet radiation
- VUV radiation is electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the region of 100, as is customary in the field (cf., for example, the standard DIN 5031-7: 1984-01) to 200 nm. Accordingly, within the scope of the present invention, VUV radiation is a preferred subregion of the UV radiation to be used according to the invention.
- a silicone according to the invention with a modified surface (or a silicone surface with modified surface given above or below as preferred), wherein the modified surface in comparison with the unmodified silicone has a higher separation force compared to the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape, the ichtu a Haftklebstoffbesch ng, preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive coating comprising a
- Polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive and / or a polyisoprene pressure-sensitive adhesive wherein preferably the reference adhesive tape is a single-sided adhesive tape and comprises a carrier material comprising polyethylene rephtha lat and wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive coating comprises a polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive, and / or the release force is measured according to a peel test.
- said modified surface has a higher release force compared to one, several or all (preferably to one) of the reference adhesive tapes as compared to the unmodified silicone selected from the group consisting of Tesa® film 57386, Tesa® film 57370, Tesa ® film 57405, Tesa®-4651, Tesa®-07475, Tesa®-07475 PV2 and Tesa®-07476.
- the above-mentioned designations of the reference adhesive tapes preferably denote those compositions of the reference adhesive tapes as commercially available on the filing date of the present invention.
- a corresponding adhesive tape is preferably used which has a bond strength to steel in the range from 5 to 15 N / cm, preferably in the Range of 10 to 15 N / cm, preferably measured according to the in the document WO 2016/071387 A1, page 13, lines 12 to 22, indicated method.
- These two above-mentioned reference tapes are recommended for the performance of a peel test by the organization FINAT ("Federation Internationale des Fabricants et Transformers d'Adhesifs et Thermocollants sur Textils et Autres Supports").
- FINAT is the European association of manufacturers of self-adhesive products.
- the 180 ° peel test according to the FINAT FTM 10 test method is used as the peel test, as described in the FINAT Technical Handbook, 9th edition 2014, where a 5 kg roller is used as the FINAT test roller (pressure roller) is preferably as described in Example 4 of the present text.
- the peel test for determining the release force of the modified surface of a modified surface silicone according to the invention is carried out with a composite material according to the invention (see below) comprising a modified surface silicone according to the invention and preferably with one of the surfaces of its support material Silicone is coated with a modified surface, wherein the modified surface of the silicone faces away from the carrier material and is thus available for the print test.
- a silicone according to the invention with a modified surface (or a surface-modified silicone according to the invention given above or below), wherein the modified surface has a separating force of at least 0.003 N / 25 mm compared with the adhesive surface of the modified silicone Having reference tapes (used above or below, used), preferably measured according to a peel test, and / or - the modified surface in comparison with the unmodified silicone by one
- Factor> 1.05 preferably by a factor in the range of> 1.05 to ⁇ 100.0, more preferably by a factor in the range of> 1.2 to ⁇ 75.0, most preferably by a factor in the range of > 1, 5 to ⁇ 25.0, higher release force compared to the adhesive surface of the reference adhesive tape (stated above or below, used), preferably measured according to a peel test.
- said modified surface has at least a 0.003 N / 25 mm higher release force compared to one, several or all (preferably to one) of the reference adhesive tapes selected from the group consisting of Tesa® film 57386, Tesa® compared to the unmodified silicone Film 57370, Tesa® film 57405, Tesa®-4651, Tesa®-07475, Tesa®-07475 PV2 and Tesa®-07476. Particularly preferred for this purpose is Tesa®-07475 and Tesa®-07475 PV2.
- the said modified surface preferably has a factor of> 1.05, preferably by a factor in the range of> 1.05 to ⁇ 100.0, particularly preferably by a factor in the range of> 1.2 in comparison with the unmodified silicone to ⁇ 75.0, higher T rennkraft compared to the adhesive surface of one, several or all (preferably against the adhesive surface of one) of the reference adhesive tapes selected from the group consisting of Tesa® film 57386, Tesa® film 57370, Tesa® film 57405 , Tesa®-4651, Tesa®-07475, Tesa®-07475 PV2, and Tesa®-07476.
- a silicone according to the invention with a modified surface (or a silicone according to the invention given above or below as being preferred with modified surface), wherein the modified surface compared to the unmodified silicone by a factor in the range of> 1, 05 to ⁇ 50.0, preferably by a factor in the range of> 1, 2 to ⁇ 50.0 and particularly preferably by a factor in the range of> 1.3 to ⁇ 30.0, higher release force against the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape, wherein the reference adhesive tape is a single-sided adhesive tape and comprises a carrier material comprising polyethylene terephthalate and wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive coating comprises a polyacrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive , preferably measured according to a FINAT test method FTM 10 (as defined above). Particularly preferred as a reference adhesive tape for this alternative is Tesa @ -07475 or Tesa @ -07475 PV2.
- the modified surface and / or the unmodified silicone comprises at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer.
- the at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer preferably comprises units of dimethylsiloxane, phenylmethylsiloxane, copolymers of dimethylsiloxane, copolymers of phenylmethylsiloxane and mixtures thereof.
- silicone can also be used according to the invention, which comprises MQ resin, preferably with a mass fraction of MQ resin in the range of> 10 wt .-% to ⁇ 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably in Range of> 20 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the MQ resin comprehensive, unmodified silicone.
- MQ resin preferably with a mass fraction of MQ resin in the range of> 10 wt .-% to ⁇ 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably in Range of> 20 wt .-% to 35 wt .-%, based on the total mass of the MQ resin comprehensive, unmodified silicone.
- unmodified silicone comprising MQ resins is not preferred for the purposes of the present invention since it often fails to achieve satisfactory selectivity in the region of low release forces.
- the level of the respective release force of a pressure-sensitive adhesive of a conventional silicone-based release liner is usually adjusted by silicone resins and in particular by so-called MQ resins.
- silicone resins and especially MQ resins are provided by D. Satas, Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Technology, 3rd Edition, p. 664.
- the different release forces of the individual release layers compared to a pressure-sensitive adhesive are then the result of different MQ resin fractions in the respective release composition.
- MQ resins it is possible to set the separation forces of, for example, a release liner and in particular the release forces of the release liner of the sides of a double-sided adhesive tape in a targeted manner (and separately from one another).
- a particular silicone composition must be selected which is subsequently coated and cured on a backing. This makes it necessary to use and also stockpile multiple release liners with different MQ resin contents when there is a need for different release properties. Due to the large variety of different pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions such storage is hardly feasible. Furthermore, the use of many different pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions can increasingly lead to waste material, since the individual pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions can not be permanently stored. Instead, the respective pressure-sensitive adhesive composition must be prepared directly before the orders.
- a surface-modified silicone according to the invention (or a modified-surface silicone according to the invention given above or below), wherein: the modified surface and / or the unmodified silicone (from which the modified-surface silicone is or are preferably produced) at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer, wherein preferably the at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer comprises dimethylsiloxane units, and / or - in the unmodified silicone (from which preferably the surface-modified silicone is or has been produced) the proportion of oxygen, based on the Total number of atoms present in the silicone, with the exception of hydrogen atoms, ⁇ 33 at%, preferably ⁇ 30 at% and particularly preferably ⁇ 27 at%, preferably measured by elemental analysis.
- the modified surface silicone of the present invention preferably comprises silicone which comprises only a minor proportion of MQ resin or resins, more preferably which does not comprise MQ resin.
- the surface modified silicone according to the invention it is thus possible in particular to selectively set different separation forces also in the region of relatively low separation forces.
- a modified surface silicone (or a surface modified silicone of the invention given above or below), wherein the modified surface has a layer thickness in the range of> 100 to ⁇ 1000 nm, preferably in the range of> 150 to ⁇ 900 nm, and / or the modified surface having a higher separation force from the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape, in comparison with the unmodified silicone, two or more surface areas, which have different degrees of separation compared to the unmodified silicone.
- modified surface with a higher separation force compared to the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape, compared to the unmodified silicone two or more surface areas, which have different increased T renn passage compared to the unmodified silicone, it is possible to provide modified surfaces with areas of specifically set, different separation forces. This is particularly advantageous when surfaces with areas of varying adhesive properties are desired, such as areas where a high tack surface is relatively less sticky, so that in these areas the surface can be easily handled and handled ("catcher") without it comes to an undesirable adhesive contact.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a surface-modified silicone, preferably a surface-modified silicone of the invention as described above or a preferred surface-modified silicone according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
- (V1) providing silicone, preferably at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer, and (V2) irradiating at least a portion of the surface of the silicone from step (V1) with UV radiation at least one wavelength in the range of> 50 nm to ⁇ 380 nm, preferably in the range of> 150 nm to ⁇ 220 nm, in one atmosphere with an oxygen content in the range from 0 to ⁇ 21% by volume, preferably in the range from> 0 to ⁇ 5% by volume, more preferably in the range from> 0 to ⁇ 1.0
- the irradiation in step (V2) preferably takes place by means of an excimer lamp or a low-pressure mercury lamp as the radiation source, since these lamps have proven to be particularly suitable and easy to handle for the method according to the invention.
- Mercury low pressure lamps have a radiation band at 254 nm in addition to the radiation in the region of 185 nm.
- This radiation band can generally have a beneficial effect on the silicone elastomer activation in step (V2).
- ozone is degraded by the 254 nm radiation and partially converted into atomic, reactive oxygen. The latter can be used to advantage for the activation.
- the radiation dose only the radiation whose wavelength is ⁇ 250 nm is considered here (as well as for the entire text). This means that the dose introduced due to the 254 nm band is not included in the calculation of the dose to be used according to the invention.
- lasers preferably excimer lasers
- they are preferably selected such that their pulse energies lie below the ablation threshold of the silicones to be irradiated.
- Preference is given to continuously operating lasers.
- the silicone elastomer can be treated with a plasma which also emits radiation in the above-mentioned wavelength range.
- Preference is given to plasmas consisting of a hydrogen / oxygen mixture. Hydrogen-containing plasmas are particularly preferred here.
- a radiation source as described above
- several radiation sources can be used, for example as a battery of a plurality of radiation sources (as described above) which may be the same or different (different types of radiation).
- the wavelength of the UV radiation wherein shorter wavelengths due to the higher absorption cross section a smaller depth of modification, but at the same time cause a more modified surface (near-surface, stronger crosslinking of the silicone) and thus to a greater increase in the separation force of the modified surface, preferably opposite the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape, lead.
- a distance of the radiation source from the surface of the silicone to be irradiated wherein a smaller distance to a higher radiation dose and thus to a greater increase in the release force of the modified surface (near-surface, stronger crosslinking of the silicone), preferably against the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape , leads.
- a distance of the radiation source from the surface of the silicone to be irradiated in the range of 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
- the irradiation power of the radiation source or radiation sources used wherein higher irradiation powers preferably to a higher radiation dose and thus to a greater increase in the separation force of the modified Surface (near-surface, stronger crosslinking of the silicone), preferably against the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape leads.
- the irradiation power of the radiation source or radiation sources used is preferably an optical output power in the range from 0.1 to 1.0 W / cm, preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0.8 W / cm.
- the duration of the irradiation of the surface of the silicone wherein a longer irradiation to a higher radiation dose and thus to a greater increase in the separation force of the modified surface (near-surface, stronger crosslinking of the silicone), preferably against the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape leads.
- the duration of the irradiation is often determined in practice by the relative movement between the surface of the silicone to be modified and the VUV radiation source. In the case of industrially particularly relevant web goods, the duration is defined by the web speed. Irradiation times in the range from 1 to 1000 m / min, preferably in the range from 50 to 500 m / min, particularly preferably in the range from 100 to 300 m / min, are preferred according to the invention.
- maximum irradiation intensities on the irradiated silicone surface are preferably in the range from 0.01 to 1000 mW / cm 2 , preferably in the range from 0.1 to 200 mW / cm 2 , particularly preferably in the range from 1, 0 to 100 mW / cm 2 and most preferably in the range of 1, 0 to 40 mW / cm 2 .
- irradiation radiation dose over the period of irradiation, wherein a larger irradiation dose leads to a greater increase in the release force of the modified surface (near-surface, stronger cross-linking of the silicone), preferably over the adhesive surface of a reference adhesive tape.
- modified surface near-surface, stronger cross-linking of the silicone
- the oxygen partial pressure in the working atmosphere or the volume fraction of oxygen in the working atmosphere is a process according to the invention, wherein the working atmosphere has a content of oxygen in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 21% by volume, preferably in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 5% by volume, more preferably in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 1, 0% by volume and very particularly preferably in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 0, 1 vol .-%, wherein the rest of the working atmosphere to 100 vol .-%, preferably by an inert gas, preferably selected from the group consisting of noble gases, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and mixtures thereof, is taken.
- the working atmosphere contains no oxygen.
- step (V2) comprises an inert gas, preferably nitrogen, and / or after step (V2), the following additional step is performed:
- V3 Treating the surface modified by UV radiation by at least one measure selected from the group consisting of:
- Content in the range of 10 to 100% by volume, preferably in the range of 20 to 100% by volume, more preferably exposure to an atmosphere of air or pure oxygen.
- the atmosphere in step (V2) (also referred to herein as "working atmosphere”) preferably comprises an inert gas which is preferably selected from the group consisting of helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and mixtures thereof.
- the atmosphere in step (V2) comprises nitrogen and / or the or one of the inert gases of the atmosphere in step (V2) is nitrogen.
- step (V3) above causes in many cases complete or more complete crosslinking on the modified surface, e.g. B. by condensation of two silanol groups to form a siloxane bridge.
- any reactivity of the modified surface that may still be present after process step (V2) of the process according to the invention can usually be largely reduced or completely eliminated.
- the release force of a silicone according to the invention ie preferably by using the above-described method according to the invention for producing a silicone with a modified surface) with modified surface (or a erfindungsge- composite material) in relation to an adhesive which is in contact with the modified surface of the silicone according to the invention and / or to an adhesive layer in contact with the modified surface of the silicone according to the invention, preferably to a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape in contact with the modified surface of the inventive silicone, can be influenced or adjusted in the desired manner:
- Exposure of an oxygen-containing atmosphere having an oxygen content in the range of 10 to 100 vol .-%, preferably in the range of 20 to 100 vol .-%, particularly preferably exposure of an atmosphere of air or pure oxygen was carried out. It was also found that the aforementioned increase in the separation force with the duration of storage (within the above-mentioned temperature range and the above-mentioned range of the duration of the storage temperature) turned out smaller.
- the conditional by the process according to the invention Trennkraftver Sung a modified surface silicone or a composite material according to the invention in a desired manner against a standing in contact with the modified surface of the silicone adhesive according to the invention and / or one with the modified surface of the silicone according to the invention in contact adhesive layer, preferably with respect to a contact with the modified surface of the silicone in contact pressure sensitive adhesive tape, or specifically to control, by suitable selection and combination of measures according to step (V3) of the method.
- the conditional by the process according to the invention Trennkraftver Sung a modified surface silicone or a composite material according to the invention in a desired manner against a standing in contact with the modified surface of the silicone adhesive according to the invention and / or one with the modified surface of the according to the invention in an adhesive layer which is in contact, preferably with respect to a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape in contact with the modified surface of the silicone according to the invention, by suitable adhesive / adhesive layer / pressure-sensitive adhesive tape selection or suitable selection of the measures according to step ( V3) of the method according to the invention.
- the process according to the invention for the production of a silicone with a modified surface is preferably carried out at atmospheric pressure or at reduced pressure (low pressure) (in relation to normal pressure).
- the inventive method for producing a silicone with a modified surface at a defined relative humidity preferably at a relative humidity in the range of 20 to 80%, more preferably in the range of 40 to 60%
- the method according to the invention for producing a silicone with a modified surface can be carried out at room temperature, preferably at a temperature in the range from 15 to 25 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in the range from 18 to 22 ° C.
- room temperature preferably at a temperature in the range from 15 to 25 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in the range from 18 to 22 ° C.
- the sample temperature wherein the samples comprise the silicone used in the method according to the invention
- the UV radiation according to the invention thus in most cases modifies a substantial part of such a silicone material as the modified surface of such a silicone then makes up a significant proportion of the total of such siliconeization (ie silicone coating) forming silicone.
- the average radiation dose is inventively selected in the above range so that the product of the method according to the invention a modified surface silicone with or the properties defined above results, in particular a silicone with a modified surface, which in the ESCA spectrum of the modified surface to > 0.012 to ⁇ 0.15 eV greater value of the half-width FWHM of the Si 2p peak in comparison with the unmodified silicone has and / or the modified Surface compared with the unmodified silicone has a higher release force compared to the adhesive surface of one or more reference adhesive tapes (see above).
- the determination or measurement of the (maximum) irradiance or the mean radiation dose to be used in the method according to the invention is not trivial on the basis of metrological (apparatus) complexity in the radiation measurement and the comparatively small average radiation dose to be used in the present case:
- the radiation sources to be used are generally volume radiators (as in the cases of FIG according to the invention preferably used excimer lamps or low-pressure mercury lamps, but also in a plasma).
- the observation of the radiation source as a spot or line emitter can (systematically) only provide an estimate of the characteristics which, as a rule, are flawed, in particular with small distances of the surface to be irradiated from the emitter surface, as in the case of the method according to the invention. ie Under this assumption, as a rule, only values are obtained which do not correspond to the real irradiance or the real average radiation dose.
- a preferred possibility of describing the irradiation intensity or radiation dose by representing the radiation sources as volume radiators without aging effects or geometric restrictions is therefore the description by a simulation of the radiation beam.
- fields of radiation sources to be used in the method according to the invention by means of Ray-T racing software, preferably the Ray-T racing software "OpticStudio 15" from Zemax, USA.
- the (maximum) irradiation intensity and / or the average radiation dose to be used according to the invention is preferred, with the radiation sources being represented as volume radiators by calculation using the Ray-T racing software "OpticStudio 15", version “Decem - About 17, 2015 ", the company Zemax, USA, determined
- the emitter is regarded as a multiplicity of individual beam sources or single-wave trains which are statistically distributed in the total realistically available emitter volume.
- This image corresponds to the physical description of the light as a single wave train or photon.
- the density of the individual beam sources can be varied accordingly.
- the radiation simulation software calculates the path and the absorption of the radiation in so-called non-sequential mode.
- the optical path and the energy of a beam from the source are successively calculated each time it passes through an interface.
- the optical constants of the materials used for the simulation must be as completely known as possible or best estimated, e.g. For example, the material and the thickness of the quartz glass of the radiation source used, the refractive indices of the working atmosphere or of the Xe gas in the case of a Xe excimer lamp. If the energy of a beam falls below an energy to be determined, the simulation stops. This may for example be the case when hitting a solid that completely absorbs the radiation.
- a surface to be irradiated can be simulated by a so-called detector.
- This detector represents an area which is best suited to the surface to be irradiated.
- the detector is in turn Subdivided individual pigments, so that a locally resolved radiation distribution arises. Each pigment now registers the impinging rays and their final energy.
- the evaluation of the detector array now provides a spatially resolved radiation distribution and radiation energy distribution. With this, the skilled person can determine the irradiation intensities or radiation doses.
- the expert must take into account the spectral distribution of the light emitted by the radiation source. This is usually necessary because the different spectral components are reflected or absorbed to different degrees by the media. For rough surfaces, the scattering must also be taken into account. In litterfall, a wave train is divided into several wave trains with different directions of progress.
- the specialist has to incorporate them in their specific design, their radiation power and spectral emission correspondingly into the Ray-T racing software. The radiation doses are added together.
- the optical output power is 0.5 W / cm and the irradiance on the lamp surface 40mW / cm 2 (manufacturer)
- the emission spectrum has an emission maximum at 172 nm and a measured half-width of 21 nm (FWHM) or 24 nm (1 / e waste).
- FWHM 21 nm
- 186 nm three wavelengths are considered for the simulation of the radiation fields: 172 nm, 158 nm and 186 nm - this corresponds to the wavelengths for a fall to the 1 / e value.
- the light-emitting, non-absorbing Xe gas is enclosed in a quartz cylinder.
- the length of the lamp or the quartz cylinder is 375 mm, the outer diameter 40 mm, the lamp is socketed on both sides with a completely absorbing material (cylindrical aluminum base, diameter 50 mm, length 50 mm).
- a glass rod Inside the radiator or xenon gas there is a glass rod that also completely absorbs (6 mm diameter, glass).
- Above the lamp is a multi-edged reflector whose material reflects the radiation to 80% wavelength independent.
- the cylindrical glass of the Xe excimer radiator with a thickness of 0.5 mm consists of Suprasil® 310 (manufactured by Heraeus Quarzglas GmbH), transmission values can be found in the literature can be removed or are available from the manufacturer).
- Suprasil® 310 manufactured by Heraeus Quarzglas GmbH
- transmission values can be found in the literature can be removed or are available from the manufacturer.
- On the outside of the quartz cylinder are 6 tracks (width of the tracks each 2 mm, parallel to the quartz glass cylinder axis, angular distance 60 °, fully absorbent).
- the emission spectrum shows a maximum at 185 nm and a measured full width at half maximum of 1.7 nm (FWHM) or 2.0 nm (1 / e drop).
- FWHM 1.7 nm
- the wavelengths 185.0 nm, 183.9 nm and 185.9 nm are taken into consideration in the context of the present invention.
- Suprasil® 310 is also assumed to be quartz glass.
- the ambient atmosphere (working atmosphere) is represented according to the composition of the working atmosphere, preferably as a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. Depending on the oxygen partial pressure or presence to be used, the proportions are compiled accordingly (for example, to determine the refractive index of the working atmosphere), cf. Table B.
- Table B Spectral transmission for a 10 mm thick air layer at different O2 partial pressures
- a beam simulation is preferably performed for a number of 10,000,000 individual beams.
- the surface to be analyzed or the simulated detector should have a spatial resolution of 1 ⁇ 1 mm 2 or better.
- the person skilled in the art must carry out an integration, for example a static simulation every second.
- Parameter set P1 average radiation dose about 2 , 3 mJ / cm 2 ; average radiation power approx. 0.6 mW / cm 2 .
- Parameter set P2 mean radiation dose> 20 mJ / cm 2 ; mean radiation power>
- the radiation source has two emission wavelengths with the center wavelengths 185 nm and 254 nm 185 nm, the optical output power is 0.4 W / cm (manufacturer's instructions: 18 W to 438 mm light length).
- the emission spectrum with the emission maximum at 185 nm has a measured half width of 1.7 nm (FWHM) or 2.0 nm (1 / e drop).
- 185 nm In the context of the present invention, three wavelengths are considered for the simulation of the radiation fields: 185 nm, 184 nm and 186 nm - this corresponds to the wavelengths for a fall to the 1 / e value. Accordingly, a weighting of the simulated results is performed (184 nm: 1 / e, 185 nm: 1, 186 nm: 1 / e).
- the light-emitting Hg gas (with regard to the VUV radiator with the designation NIQF 1 10 / 45XL ES) is enclosed in a quartz cylinder with an approximately elliptical cross-section (axial lengths: 30 or 18 mm).
- the illumination length of the radiator or the quartz cylinder is 438 mm.
- the lamp is socketed on both sides with a completely absorbing material. On the upper side of the lamp is a reflector coating with 90% reflection.
- the glass of the Hg radiator is assumed to have a thickness of 0.5 mm.
- the material used is Suprasil® 310.
- the specification for the optical output power (concerning the VUV spotlight with the designation NIQF 1 10 / 45XL ES) is the manufacturer's indication of 18 W at a length of 438 mm.
- a beam simulation is preferably performed for a number of 10,000,000 individual beams.
- the surface to be analyzed or the simulated detector should have a spatial resolution of 1 x 1 mm 2 or better.
- the person skilled in the art must carry out an integration, for example a static simulation every second.
- Parameter set P4 average radiation dose approx. 45 mJ / cm 2 ; average radiation power approx. 11 mW / cm 2 .
- the spectral transmission is taken into account according to the composition of the working atmosphere (see Table B); Use of a reflector coating with wavelength independent reflection of 90% and dimension as indicated in FIG. 3.
- a method according to the invention for the production of a silicone with a modified surface comprising the steps:
- V1 providing silicone, preferably at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer
- step (V2) irradiating at least a portion of the surface of the silicone from step (V1) with UV radiation at least one wavelength in the range of> 50 nm to ⁇ 380 nm, preferably in the range of> 150 nm to ⁇ 220 nm, in one atmosphere with an oxygen content in the range of 0 to ⁇ 21% by volume, preferably in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 5% by volume, (V3) treating the surface modified by UV radiation by at least one measure selected from the group consisting of:
- a modified surface silicone results which has a final carbon content, based on the total number of atoms, reduced by> 0.1 to ⁇ 5.0 at% on the surface of the modified surface relative to the unmodified silicone.
- a reduced final carbon content relative to the unmodified silicone according to a preferred modified surface silicone of the invention specified above, determined by ESCA.
- a method according to the invention for producing a surface-modified silicone or a method according to the invention for producing a surface-modified silicone given above or below) where different surface areas of the silicone with different radiation doses are selected from the method (for the method according to the invention).
- irradiation dose range are irradiated, and / or - the silicone in step (V1) comprises a carrier material and preferably on one
- Carrier material is applied (wherein preferably the modified surface of the silicone is remote from the carrier material).
- the radiation sources can therefore be positioned parallel or in any desired orientation relative to one another.
- the distances between the respective radiation sources and the surface or surfaces to be irradiated may be the same for all radiation sources or different for individual, multiple or all radiation sources. If individual, several or all radiation sources are arranged at different distances to the surface (s) to be irradiated, local regions of the surfaces to be irradiated can be treated with a different radiation dose, whereby e.g. Surface areas with different adhesive properties can be generated. Also for the combination of different radiation wavelengths different distances of the radiation sources to the surface or surfaces may be useful.
- suitable technical measures for setting the radiation dose eg distance, treatment speed, dimming of the beam source, multi-stage irradiation with different dose or oxygen partial pressure
- the oxygen partial pressure can be selected areas of a flat siliconization (different surface areas of the silicone with modified surface) different Treat (irradiate) and thus provided with any release force.
- mask techniques can (only) selected areas of a flat siliconization irradiated by the method according to the invention and thus with a higher Provided separation force.
- coherent radiation by excimer laser
- areas of the siliconization can be selectively irradiated without mask technology.
- the beam is specifically shaped and directed to the desired areas of the surface, for example by means of scanner mirrors.
- the present invention also relates to a surface-modified silicone, preferably with a surface modified by UV radiation, prepared or preparable by a process according to the invention for producing a surface-modified silicone (or by a process for preparing a silicone according to the invention given above or below) with modified surface).
- a process according to the invention for producing a surface-modified silicone or by a process for preparing a silicone according to the invention given above or below with modified surface.
- the silicone in step (V1) comprises a carrier material and is preferably applied to a carrier material, preferably a composite material according to the invention can be produced in this way (see below).
- the carrier materials which may be used are preferably the carrier materials specified below, which may be constituents of the composite material according to the invention.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a process for producing a composite material comprising the steps
- V1A provision of silicone, preferably of at least partially crosslinked silicone elastomer, comprising a carrier material (wherein preferably the silicone is present as a coating on at least one surface of the carrier material),
- step (V2A) irradiating at least a portion of the surface of the silicone from step (V1) with UV radiation at least one wavelength in the range of> 50 nm to ⁇ 380 nm, preferably in the range of> 150 nm to ⁇ 220 nm, in an atmosphere with an oxygen content in the range of 0 to ⁇ 21% by volume, preferably in the range of> 0 to ⁇ 5% by volume, and preferably
- V3A Treating the surface modified by UV radiation by at least one measure selected from the group consisting of:
- the silicone provided in step (V1A) comprising a carrier material can be prepared in a manner known per se, in particular by applying the silicone or a silicone to a suitable carrier material (see, for example, example 3 in this text), preferably one below defined carrier material. This process is also known as "siliconizing". In this way, a durable composite material can be prepared by the method according to the invention, which u.a. for performing a print test (see above for details).
- the subject matter of the present invention is also a composite material produced or preparable by a process according to the invention for producing a composite material (or according to an inventive method for producing a composite material given above or below as being preferred).
- step (V3A) of the above-mentioned method for producing a composite material is preferably followed by one or more further steps, preferably rolling up the produced composite material into a roll and / or coating the produced composite material with one or more pressure-sensitive adhesives.
- the carrier material is coated with one or more adhesives and / or the modified surface of the silicone is coated with one or more pressure-sensitive adhesives.
- the present invention further relates to a composite material comprising surface-modified silicone, preferably UV-modified surface (or a surface-modified silicone of the present invention given above or below), and a substrate, wherein the substrate is preferably selected is made up of the group
- Polyester preferably polyethylene terephthalate, more preferably biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate;
- polyethylene preferably high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene
- Polypropylene preferably monoaxially stretched polypropylene, biaxially stretched polypropylene, extruded polypropylene;
- Paper preferably glassine paper, clay-coated paper, kraft paper, machine-smooth paper and polyolefin-coated paper;
- - Metal preferably aluminum; such as
- a composite material according to the invention (or a composite material according to the invention given above or below) comprising a modified surface silicone, preferably a surface modified by UV radiation, wherein a surface is modified from the surface of the modified surface or surface modification unmodified silicone by> 0.1 to ⁇ 5.0 at%, preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.6 at%, more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.0 at%, further particularly preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.8 at%, very particularly preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.0 at%, and even more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 1.0 at%, reduced final content of carbon (or carbon atoms), based on the total number of atoms (present at the surface of the surface modification), as determined by ESCA (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
- ESCA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- a composite material according to the invention in the form of a web or a film, preferably a thickness in the range of> 0.5 to ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, which on at least one of its surfaces becomes one Area fraction of> 50%, preferably of> 75%, particularly preferably completely, with the silicone having a modified surface, preferably coated with a surface modified by UV radiation, wherein preferably the silicone comprising the surface modified by UV radiation is provided
- Layer on the composite material has a layer thickness in the range of> 0.1 to ⁇ 20 pm.
- a composite material according to the invention (or a composite material according to the invention given above or below), additionally comprising an adhesive which is in contact with the modified surface of the silicone and / or an adhesive layer which is in contact with the modified surface of the silicone.
- the carrier material of the composite material of the invention may be coated on one of its surfaces or it may be coated on two or more of its surfaces (if any) with the modified surface silicone, such as on the front and back of a web or film.
- the modified surfaces of the silicone may have the same or different release forces. In this way, for example, a release film or a release liner can be made available, which has different release forces on its or its top and bottom sides.
- the present invention also relates to the use of an inventive
- Modified surface silicone in nonstick coatings, preferably as adhesion modifiers, preferably in nonstick coatings selected from the group consisting of:
- Non-stick coatings for self-adhesive products preferably selected from the group consisting of self-adhesive labels, adhesive tapes, self-adhesive decorative films, self-adhesive protective films, patches and hygiene products, and - non-stick coatings for follower papers, rubber or plastics production, tire molds and baking paper.
- a silicone according to the invention having a modified surface, preferably a silicone having a surface modified by UV radiation, wherein a surface area of the modified surface or surface modification of the silicone is greater than 0.1 compared to the unmodified silicone to ⁇ 5.0 at%, preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.6 at%, more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 3.0 at%, further particularly preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.8 at%, most preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 2.0 at%, and even more preferably by> 0.1 to ⁇ 1.0 at% reduced final fraction of carbon (s) ), based on the total number of atoms (present on the surface modification surface), as determined by ESCA (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
- ESCA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- modified surface silicone according to the invention for the inventive method for producing a silicone with a modified surface, for the inventive method for producing a composite material for the composite material produced or producible by a process according to the invention as well as for the composite material according to the invention given above explanations accordingly (if appropriate, mutatis mutandis), and vice versa.
- present invention also relates to the use of an inventive
- a composite material or a prepared according to the invention or producible composite material (or a corresponding above or below as preferred corresponding corresponding inventive composite material) as a release film and / or release liner for fabrics with high surface tack preferably selected from the group consisting of
- Self-adhesive products preferably selected from the group consisting of self-adhesive labels, adhesive tapes, self-adhesive decorative films, self-adhesive protective films, patches and hygiene products; preferably adhesive tapes, particularly preferably double-sided adhesive tapes;
- Substances having a high surface adhesive capacity preferably selected from the group consisting of unreacted resins and prepregs, highly viscous media, preferably selected from the group consisting of adhesives, paints and printing inks, and self-adhesive semi-finished products, preferably selected from the group consisting of add-on parts in the motor vehicle exterior , preferably moldings and logos, and attachments in motor vehicle mecanicbe rich.
- prepregs is understood to mean, in accordance with the usual understanding in the art, reaction resins which are pre-impregnated textile fiber-matrix semi-finished products, which are used to produce Position of components to be cured under temperature and pressure.
- the reaction resins consist of a usually highly viscous, but not yet polymerized thermosetting plastic matrix, which is mainly used in lightweight construction.
- the contained fibers may be present as a pure unidirectional layer, as a woven fabric or as a scrim.
- prepreg is supplied in sheet form, wound on rolls.
- prepreg not only includes unidirectionally reinforced or flat semi-finished products, but also other preforms of basically any shape, which in the broadest sense consist of a fiber-filled, uncured thermoset matrix.
- the matrix is in the partially cross-linked, so-called B-stage (English B-stage) and is pasty to solid, but can be liquefied by heating again.
- Figure 1 shows a cross section through an excimer lamp with canted aluminum reflector and usable for calculations dimensions of the reflector.
- Figure 2 shows a cross section through an excimer lamp with canted aluminum reflector and a plurality of beams.
- FIG 3 shows a cross section through a VUV spotlight "NIQF 1 10 / 45XL ES” (Heraeus Nobelight GmbH, Hanau)
- Factor TKE Factor separating force increase compared to reference (unirradiated silicone surface)
- UV irradiations using the parameter set P4 for the surface modification according to the invention of silicone or silicone elastomer in the following examples in each case a mercury low-pressure lamp "NIQF 110 / 45XL ES" from Heraeus (Heraeus Noblelight GmbH, Hanau) was used, with an optical VUV output power of 0.4 W / cm (18 W to 438 mm light length, manufacturer's specification). The central wavelength during the irradiation was 185 nm in each case.
- NIQF 110 / 45XL ES Heraeus (Heraeus Noblelight GmbH, Hanau)
- silicone or silicone elastomer were in the following examples each with the above Xeradex excimer radiator or the above-mentioned low-pressure mercury radiator and with the following Parameter sets P1, P2 or P4 carried out (see below).
- the reference used was an unirradiated sample of the same silicone or silicone elastomer ("P3"):
- P1 Working atmosphere: 95 vol.% Na, 5 vol.% O2; Irradiance: 40mW / cm 2 on the radiator surface (manufacturer information); Distance of the radiator surface from the silicone surface to be irradiated: 50 mm; Traversing speed of the emitter in relation to the silicone surface to be irradiated: irradiated at 50 mm / s.
- P2 working atmosphere:> 99% by volume N2, ⁇ 1% by volume O2; Irradiance: 40mW / cm 2 on the radiator surface (manufacturer information); Distance of the radiator surface from the silicone surface to be irradiated: 50 mm; Travel speed of the emitter in relation to the silicone surface to be irradiated: 20 mm / s irradiated.
- P3 Reference, no irradiation or surface modification.
- P4 working atmosphere: 79 vol.% N2, 21 vol.% O2; Irradiation power: 0.4W / cm; Distance of the radiator surface from the silicone surface to be irradiated: 3 mm; Traversing speed of the emitter in relation to the silicone surface to be irradiated: 50 mm / s irradiated.
- silicone elastomers listed in Table 1 below were prepared in a manner known per se: TABLE 1 Platinum-catalyzed addition-crosslinked silicone elastomers
- Example 3 Surface modification of a silicone (SD on PET carrier material by
- UV radiation - Production of a composite material according to the invention A silicone or silicone elastomer of the composition "S1" (preparation see Example 1) was applied in a manner known per se (doctoring) to a commercially available PET film of thickness 50 ⁇ m (application weight about 1, 6 g / m 2 ). Subsequently, in each case a sample of this silicone-coated PET film was irradiated in a method according to the invention with UV radiation according to parameter set P1 or P2 and then stored for 7 days (d) at room temperature and normal pressure, so that in each case a composite material according to the invention "PET -S1 -P1 "or" PET-S1-P2 "resulted.
- PET-S1-P3 Another sample of the above-mentioned silicone-coated PET film served as a reference without penalty ("PET-S1-P3", not according to the invention).
- EXAMPLE 4 Measurement of the Release Force for a Surface-Modified Silicone (S1) According to the Invention or a PET Composite Material According to the Invention over PSA Tape (Part 1) On Samples of the Composite Materials “PET-S1-P1", “PET-S1-P2 "And” PET-S1-P2 (part) "(for preparation, see in each case Example 3) and a non-inventive silicone elastomer on PET film” PET-S1-P3 "(preparation see Example 3) as a reference were used to determine the (relative) releasing forces as pressure-sensitive adhesive tape, respectively (i) a commercial tape of Tesa® film (No. 57370, hereinafter referred to as "57370”) or (ii) a Tesa fabric adhesive tape (No. 4651, hereinafter referred to as "4651”) applied with a pressure roller.
- a commercial tape of Tesa® film No. 57370, hereinafter referred to as "57370”
- a 5 kg roller was used as the pressure roller for the determination of the tensile forces: this was a copper roller in cylindrical form with a diameter of approx. 77.5 mm and a height of approx. 1 17 mm. At mid-height, the diameter was increased over a strip width of approx. 35 mm to approx. 79 mm.
- the adhesive tapes were each ten times with the pressure roller at a rolling-down speed pressed about 1 cm / s and the glued samples were then each stored for 20 h at room temperature.
- the glued samples were loaded between two flat metal plates with a pressure of about 70 g / cm 2 .
- the samples were again stored for approximately 4 h without load at room temperature.
- Example 5 Surface modification of a silicone (S1) on paper carrier material
- a silicone or silicone elastomer of the composition "S1" (preparation see Example 1) was applied in a manner known per se to a commercially available paper foil of thickness 50 ⁇ m (application weight about 2.2 g / m 2 ). Subsequently, in each case a sample of this silicone-coated paper film was irradiated in a method according to the invention with UV radiation in accordance with parameter set P1 or P2 and then each stored for 7 days (d) at room temperature and normal pressure, so that in each case a composite material according to the invention " Paper-S1-P1 "or” Paper-S1-P2 "resulted. Another sample of the above-mentioned silicone-coated paper sheet served unirradiated as a reference ("Paper-S1-P3", not according to the invention).
- EXAMPLE 6 Measurement of the Release Force for a Surface-Modified Silicone According to the Invention (SD or a Paper Composite of the Invention over PSA Tape (Part 2) On Samples of the Composite Materials “Paper-S1-P1” and “Paper-S1-P2” According to the Invention (Preparation see Example 5) and a non-inventive silicone elastomer on paper film “paper S1-P3" (preparation see Example 5) as a reference for determining the (relative) release forces as pressure-sensitive adhesive tape in each case (i) a commercial strip Tesa® Film (# 57370) and (ii), respectively, a Tesa Tissue Tape (# 4651) was applied with a nip roll (see example 5 for details).
- Example 4 the composite material according to the invention (or the silicone elastomer on paper film as reference) and the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape were separated in a 180 ° peel test and in each case the necessary separation force was measured.
- the results of these measurements are given below in Table 4:
- the surface (modified by a process according to the invention) of the PET composite material according to the invention (comprising a silicone with modified surface) in comparison with an unmodified reference also has an increased release force compared to a further, commercial, Pressure-sensitive adhesive tape had.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape "Tesa® 07475" is a FINAT-recommended reference pressure-sensitive adhesive tape based on polyacrylate with high adhesive power.
- Table 5 shows the maximum deviations from the mean of the measurements taken (in the case of multiple measurements) for the separation force measurements with " ⁇ ".
- Example 8 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic (ESCA) Measurement of Peaklaqen and half-widths of composite materials according to the invention
- the ESCA investigations were carried out with the KRATOS AXIS Ultra spectrometer from the company Kratos Analytical.
- the analysis chamber was equipped with an X-ray source for monochromatized Al Ka radiation and an electron source as neutralizer. Furthermore, the system had a magnetic lens, which focused the photoelectrons via an entrance slit in a hemispherical analyzer.
- the aliphatic portion of the C 1s peak was set to 284.5 eV.
- the pass energy was 80 eV in the determination of the molar ratios and the step size 0.5 eV.
- the corresponding spectra are presented as overview spectra designated. When determining the peak parameters, the pass energy was 20 eV and the step size was 0.05 eV.
- the measurement conditions mentioned are preferred in order to enable a high degree of independence from the spectrometer type and to identify plasma-polymeric products according to the invention.
- Table 6 ESCA measurements of peak and half widths (FWHM) on composite materials according to the invention and reference materials
- the surface modified silicone in the ESCA spectrum has a full width at half maximum FWHM of the Si 2p peak which is larger by> 0.012 to ⁇ 0.15 eV compared to the unmodified silicone.
- the modified surface silicone in the ESCA spectrum preferably when calibrated to the aliphatic portion of the C 1s peak at 284.50 eV, has a binding energy value of the Si 2p peak. which is shifted by> 0 to ⁇ 0.1 eV, preferably from> 0.01 to ⁇ 0.07 eV, to higher binding energy values in comparison with the unmodified silicone
- EXAMPLE 9 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic (ESCA) Measurement of Element Distributions on Composite Materials According to the Invention
- Table 7 ESCA measurements of elemental distributions on surfaces of composite materials according to the invention (modified surfaces) and reference materials
- the modified surfaces have a carbon content that is smaller by> 0.1 to ⁇ 5 at.% Compared to the unmodified silicone. This effect is attributed to the production according to the invention of the surface-modified silicone or of the composite material according to the invention.
- Example 1 1 Atomic force microscopic investigations of the superficial mechanical properties of composite materials according to the invention
- atomic force microscopy also referred to as "AFM” or “atomic / scanning force microscopy”
- AFM atomic force microscopy
- a force sensor is scanned across the surface of the sample using a piezoelectric nanopositioning system.
- the force effects between sensor and surface are brought into a defined state by means of an electronic control loop.
- This allows (depending on the control variable used) not only the pointwise determination of the surface topography, but also other connected physical parameters.
- pointed force sensors (“cantilevers”) achieves a very high lateral resolution, which is typically below 10 nm.
- the form of atomic force microscopy used here is based on a non-resonant dynamic excitation of the cantilever, which is thus repeatedly brought into contact with the surface.
- Measurement parameters Measurements were taken on a Bruker Dimension lcon3 with a Nanoscope V SPM control unit and the NanoScope V9.40R1 software. The following cantilever was used: (ElectriAII-ln-One, BudgetSensors, force constant 7 nN / nm, tip radius 25 nm).
- the calibration of the force constant of the cantilever was carried out via a procedure implemented in NanoScope V9.40R1 ("Sader method”).
- the tip radius was reconstructed using a rough titanium sample using a NanoScope V9.40R1 procedure ("Villarrubia”).
- the nanomechanical investigations were carried out in the so-called "QNN mode", at 1 kHz each on an area of 1 pm 2 at 256x256 pixels.
- the QNN mode is an off-resonant tapping mode known to those skilled in the art.
- the moduli of elasticity were determined by means of the Hertz model assuming a Poisson number of the surface of 0.35.
- the penetration depth was determined during the measurement in addition to the local modulus of elasticity. At a penetration depth of 30 nm, an inaccuracy of the penetration depth of ⁇ 1 nm is common and can be disregarded. As a result of the stress distributions, the penetration depths used of 30 nm correspond to information depths of approximately 300 nm.
- modulus values correspond to the widths of the distributions (according to the resolution, 256 * 256 measured values were evaluated) and are not statistical errors.
- Example 12 Treating the UV-Radiation-Modified Surface of a Silicone According to the Invention (or of a Composite Material According to the Invention) by Further Measures
- Example 13 Measurement of the Release Force for a Surface-Modified Silicone According to the Invention (SD or a PET Composite Material According to the Invention over PSA Tape (Part 4)
- Each 5 samples prepared as above with pressure sensitive adhesive tape were each further 20 h and another 5 as prepared above with pressure-sensitive adhesive tape samples based on "PET-S1-P4 (air)" and “PET-S1-P4 (IPA)” 1 16 h in one Store oven at 40 ° C.
- the samples prepared with pressure-sensitive adhesive tape were each loaded between two flat metal plates with a pressure of about 70 g / cm 2 . Before the adhesive force was determined, the samples prepared with pressure-sensitive adhesive tape were then stored for 4 hours each without load at room temperature.
- Table 10 gives the standard deviations from the average of the measurements taken for the force force measurements with " ⁇ ".
- EXAMPLE 14 Measurement of the Release Force for a Surface-Modified Silicone (S1) According to the Invention or a PET Composite Material According to the Invention Compared to PSA Tape
- Each 5 glued samples were each stored for 20 h and 1 16 h in an oven at 40 ° C.
- the glued samples were loaded between two flat metal plates with a pressure of about 70 g / cm 2 .
- the samples were stored for about 4 hours without load at room temperature.
- Table N3 gives the standard deviations from the mean of the measurements taken for the separation force measurements with " ⁇ ".
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018108881.7A DE102018108881A1 (de) | 2018-04-13 | 2018-04-13 | Oberflächenmodifiziertes Silikon, dessen Verwendung in Antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes Verbundmaterial |
| PCT/EP2019/059146 WO2019197492A1 (de) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-04-10 | Oberflächenmodifiziertes silikon, dessen verwendung in antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes verbundmaterial |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3775007A1 true EP3775007A1 (de) | 2021-02-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP19718292.6A Pending EP3775007A1 (de) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-04-10 | Oberflächenmodifiziertes silikon, dessen verwendung in antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes verbundmaterial |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP3775007A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102018108881A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019197492A1 (de) |
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| DE102019118173A1 (de) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-01-07 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Oberflächenmodifiziertes Silikon, dessen Verwendung in Antihaftbeschichtungen sowie dieses enthaltendes Verbundmaterial |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015075040A1 (de) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum verbinden von silikongummi mit einem substrat |
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| US4565714B1 (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1999-06-29 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Low surface energy material |
| DE4029982C2 (de) | 1990-09-21 | 2000-08-10 | Steinecker Anton Entwicklung | Vorrichtung zum Begasen einer Flüssigkeit |
| JP3100727B2 (ja) * | 1992-01-23 | 2000-10-23 | 株式会社大協精工 | 変性ポリシロキサン組成物及び該組成物を被覆した衛生ゴム製品 |
| DE29919142U1 (de) | 1999-10-30 | 2001-03-08 | Agrodyn Hochspannungstechnik GmbH, 33803 Steinhagen | Plasmadüse |
| DE102007020655A1 (de) | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum Herstellen dünner Schichten und entsprechende Schicht |
| JP2009012317A (ja) * | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-22 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 剥離フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
| EP3049193B1 (de) | 2013-09-25 | 2021-09-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Plasmapolymerer festkörper (insbesondere plasmapolymere schicht) |
| DE102014217000A1 (de) | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Oberflächenmodifiziertes Silikon und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102014222726A1 (de) | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-12 | Tesa Se | Elektrostatische Behandlung von Release-Schichten |
-
2018
- 2018-04-13 DE DE102018108881.7A patent/DE102018108881A1/de active Pending
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2019
- 2019-04-10 DE DE202019102925.0U patent/DE202019102925U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2019-04-10 EP EP19718292.6A patent/EP3775007A1/de active Pending
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| WO2015075040A1 (de) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum verbinden von silikongummi mit einem substrat |
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| WO2019197492A1 (de) | 2019-10-17 |
| DE102018108881A1 (de) | 2019-10-17 |
| DE202019102925U1 (de) | 2019-07-17 |
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