EP3774557A1 - Unité et procédé de fragmentation d'une masse solide ensachée - Google Patents
Unité et procédé de fragmentation d'une masse solide ensachéeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3774557A1 EP3774557A1 EP19714805.9A EP19714805A EP3774557A1 EP 3774557 A1 EP3774557 A1 EP 3774557A1 EP 19714805 A EP19714805 A EP 19714805A EP 3774557 A1 EP3774557 A1 EP 3774557A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bag
- fragmentation
- pressing
- cylinder
- vertical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/005—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members hydraulically or pneumatically operated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
- B01F31/55—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms the materials to be mixed being contained in a flexible bag submitted to periodical deformation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
- B30B15/062—Press plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/14—Control arrangements for mechanically-driven presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B69/00—Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for
- B65B69/0075—Emptying systems for flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
- B65B69/0091—Emptying systems for flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] using frames whereby the container is bottom supported
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fragmentation unit of a solid mass formed of a powdered or particulate compacted material, packaged in a flexible carrying bag of large capacity.
- the present invention also relates to a method of fragmenting a compact mass, bagged.
- the various solutions proposed proceed by mechanical actions of pressing the material, and this through the flexible walls of the bag.
- the various solutions proposed proceed by mechanical actions of pressing the material, and this through the flexible walls of the bag.
- two opposing pressing elements are essentially used two opposing pressing elements, able to exert a local pressure on two opposite external faces of the flexible bag. Under the effect of these opposite pressures and the penetration movement of the pressing elements, cracks appear locally in the compacted mass.
- the repetition of this action on the bag, operated according to various heights and positions, leads to fragmenting the mass that forms the powdery material.
- this mass reaches a degree of division or fragmentation sufficient to flow freely, by gravity, out of the bag, by passing through the evacuation sleeve.
- US Patent 5,944,470 shows a fragmentation unit formed of a supporting structure which is articulated, at a distance from the ground, a horizontal platform provided to receive a pallet for transporting a bag of powdery material packaging.
- the pivoting of the platform allows the contents of the bag to be discharged into a transporter installed on the ground.
- the platform has two opposing fragmentation systems, each with a long, elongated pressure element actuated by a linear displacement mechanism.
- the two elongate pressing elements are adjustable in position to act at different locations on the corresponding walls of the bag. This document also shows pallet fragmentation systems
- Such pallet pallet breaking systems are also disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 8,181,568 and 8,567,312, which respectively show a fragmentation unit equipped with a frame defining a cage shape in the volume of which is mounted a lifting mechanism. carrying a turntable provided to receive the bag to fragment. Pivoting pressing elements are secured to the frame. By pivoting the table and raising or lowering the latter, different areas of the bag are offered to the action of the pressing elements. The pivoting movement of the pressing elements is operated from the bottom upwards so that the pressing force exerted on the bag is directed upwards. This avoids settling effects of the material in the lower zone of the bag, such as to tear the walls of this bag.
- the present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the present invention relates to a fragmentation unit in which the bag, the mass of which is to be fragmented, rests on a support placed on the ground during fragmentation operations.
- the present invention also relates to a fragmentation unit of a small footprint able however to receive bags of large capacity.
- the present invention relates to a fragmentation unit designed capable of facilitating, during the fragmentation operation, the displacement in the bag of the fragmented material.
- the fragmentation unit according to the invention comprises:
- a frame comprising a vertical rear flank and two lateral flanks which are parallel and perpendicular to the rear flank, said flanks defining an internal volume in which extends a receiving region of a parallelepiped-shaped bag, the contents of which are to be fragmented; said bag being provided to rest on a perforated support installed in said receiving region, which is accessible through an opening formed in front of the frame, said parallelepiped-shaped region being open upwards, being separated from the trailing flanks and side of the frame, and being delimited by the ground and four virtual faces, planar, vertical, namely a front virtual face, a rear virtual face, both parallel to the rear side of the frame and two lateral virtual faces, said region being divided in a front zone and in a rear zone of equal dimensions by a geometric plane e vertical (AA ') parallel to the rear flank of the chassis,
- a pressing assembly comprising at least two vertical pressure plates, opposite, parallel to the lateral sides of the chassis mounted in the internal volume that defines the frame, each plate having a height, a length defined in a direction perpendicular to the rear flank and extending between a rear edge of the plate and a front edge of said plate opposite said rear edge, said front edge facing the front opening, each pressure plate having a vertical planar pressing face, having a rear edge opposite the front edge of the pressure plate and said pressure plates being movably mounted in approaching or moving away from each other and moving in height,
- said fragmentation unit is essentially characterized in that the rear edge of the pressing face of each pressing plate is situated behind a geometrical plane (DD ') containing said virtual plane rear face, and that the leading edge of each pressure plate is tangential to a vertical geometric plane (BB ') parallel to the plane (AA') and dividing said front zone of the region into two sub-zones, namely a rear sub-zone lying between the planes (AA ') and (BB ') and a front sub-area between the plane (BB') and the virtual front face (1 la) of said region.
- the depth of the rear sub-area is less than the depth of the front sub-area.
- the plane (BB ') is spaced at most fifteen centimeters from the plane (AA').
- the fragmentation unit is essentially characterized in that the plane (BB ') is located behind the front face of the bag when the latter is present in the receiving region.
- the fragmentation unit is essentially characterized in that each pressing plate of the pressing assembly occupies only part of the width of the bag when said bag is present in the region of reception and that each pressure plate completely covers the normal distance between the planes BB 'and DD'.
- each pressure plate covers only 50% to 65% of the width of the bag.
- each pressure plate is rigidly attached to a dedicated carrier carriage, mounted to move in translation on horizontal rails, fixed to a common forklift truck mounted to move in translation on two vertical rails fixed to the rear flank of the truck. chassis, said carrier trolleys being operable in translation along their rails toward or away from each other by driving members.
- the fragmentation unit is equipped with a means for measuring the displacement of the pressure plates along their rails, and a hydraulic pressure threshold detector associated with the feed circuit of the working chamber of one of the two cylinders, said measuring means and said detector being connected to a control and control unit and said detector being able to deliver a threshold crossing signal when the preset threshold value is crossed, the control and command unit, from the reception of said signal, during an initialization phase in which the pressure plates are brought under pressure against the bag, ensuring the creation of an origin point to displacements pressing plates, the latter, during each pressing operation of the bag, being moved towards each other from the origin point of a constant value, preset.
- the height relative to the ground of the pressure plates is adjustable. In this way, the action of the pressure plates is staggered and may be applied to the entire height of the bag.
- the forklift fixed to the guide rails of the carriages carrying the pressure plates, is actuated in translation along its rails by a motor assembly formed of a vertical cylinder and a transmission of extended movement between the cylinder rod and the lift truck, said transmission being arranged in muffle so as to multiply the amplitude of the movement of the cylinder rod, the cylinder being oriented so that its rod occupies an upper position and the
- a roller rotatably mounted in a yoke attached to the upper end of the cylinder rod, and on the other hand, a hoisting chain partially wound on the roller and attached by one of its two ends to the forklift and its other end to the rear flank.
- the hydraulic supply circuit of the jack comprises hydraulic feeding means.
- the fragmentation unit is provided with a lifting assembly provided for lifting the bag and disengaging it from the perforated support on which it rests, said lifting assembly comprising a head provided with a pin rotary device to which are attached straps transporting the bag by means of slings, said spindle being rotatably actuated by a drive member, to drive the bag pivoted in a quarter turn.
- the lifting assembly is formed on the one hand, a bracket movably mounted in translation on guide tracks that comprise vertical guide rails and, on the other hand, an engine assembly fixed to the rear flank of the chassis and acting on the bracket to move the latter in height, said engine assembly being formed of a hydraulic cylinder and a transmission of movement deployed between the bracket and the rear flank of the frame, said hydraulic cylinder being oriented so that its rod occupies a higher position and said motion transmission being arranged as a muffle for multiplying the amplitude of the movement of the cylinder rod and being formed of a roller rotatably mounted in a clevis carried by the cylinder rod and by a lifting chain wound partially around the roller and fixed by one of its two ends to the bracket and its other end to the rear flank of the frame.
- the present invention also relates to a method of fragmenting a bagged mass using a fragmentation unit according to the invention.
- each cycle of fragmentation consists of:
- Steps a) to f) will be carried out at minus n times, n being equal to the number of faces of the bag.
- the method consists of
- the trays will be brought to the upper part of the bag and after pressing the four faces, lowered from the predetermined displacement step to reach the second height level.
- the fragmentation trays will always be brought to the upper position of the bag and after pressing of the four faces, lowered to be arranged according to the level of height immediately below, the operations of pressing of the four faces and lowering of the trays repeating itself until reaching the corresponding height level.
- the fragmentation process consists in slowing down the movement of the bag during its rotation.
- the braking of the rotational movement of the bag is operated by friction of the bag on the perforated support.
- the braking of the rotational movement of the bag is operated by rubbing said bag against the pressure plates.
- the method consists, before lifting the bag, angularly move the spindle of the head a quarter turn. Is thus obtained, during the lifting of the bag, a slow angular displacement of the bag which can be further braked by friction against the perforated support and / or against the pressure plates.
- the value of the pitch of downward movement of the pressure plates is less than the height of each plate.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fragmentation unit according to the invention, the bag and the perforated support of the latter not being represented in this figure,
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fragmentation unit according to the invention, equipped with a bag whose contents are to be fragmented,
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the fragmentation unit according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is a view from above of the fragmentation unit according to the invention
- FIG. 5 is a view from above of the bag receiving region
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the pressing assembly formed by the pressure plates, their actuating jack and their carriage and guide rails,
- FIG. 7 is a rear view of the pressing assembly
- FIG. 8 is a sectional view along the line EE of FIG. 7,
- FIG. 9 is a view of the hydraulic diagram of the supply of the cylinders
- FIG. 10 shows in perspective the fragmentation unit during an initialization phase
- FIG. 11 shows in perspective the fragmentation unit in a situation of
- FIG. 12 is a hydraulic diagram showing in particular the hydraulic feeding means of the rear chamber of the cylinder for moving the press plates in height
- FIG. 13 shows, in perspective, the fragmentation unit when lifting the bag
- FIG. 14 is a simplified hydraulic diagram showing the supply of the jack of the lifting assembly
- FIG. 15 is a rear view, in perspective, of the fragmentation unit.
- the attached figures show a unit 1, according to the invention, of fragmentation of a solid bagged mass, formed of a compacted powdered or granular material.
- This powdery or granular material is packaged in a flexible bag 5 of parallelepipedal shape, of large capacity, typically of a capacity of between 1.5 m 3 and 2 m 3 .
- the packaging bag 5 comprises a bottom 50, four vertical side walls 51, opposite in pairs, erected vertically on the bottom 50 and an upper wall 52 provided with a flexible sleeve 53 for filling.
- the bottom 50 of the bag is equipped with a flexible sleeve for emptying materials, not shown.
- the bag 5 has four lifting straps 55.
- the fragmentation unit 1 comprises a metal frame 10 comprising a vertical rear flank 12 and two lateral flanks 13 which are parallel and perpendicular. 12. These rear and lateral flanks define an internal volume in which extends a receiving region 11 of the bag 5 accessible through an access opening 14, formed in front of the frame 10, this opening 14 extending from one side flank 13 to the other. Region 11, of parallelepipedal shape, is open upwards and is spaced from the rear and lateral flanks. This region is delimited by the ground and by four vertical vertical plane faces, namely a front face 1a, a rear face 1bb both parallel to the rear flank 12 and spaced from the latter, and two side faces 1a, both parallel to the side flanks 13 of the chassis and spaced from said flank 13.
- the rear flank 12 of the chassis 10 is formed by the assembly of two vertical uprights 120 with two upper 121 and lower crosspieces 122.
- Each lateral flank 13 is fixed to one of the vertical uprights and is formed of a lower horizontal spar 130 and a strut 131.
- this strut 131 is fixed on the one hand, corresponding to the amount 120 of the rear flank 12 and secondly, to the lower spar 130.
- This strut extends obliquely between said spar 130 and said upright 120.
- the region 11 is divided into a zone before 1 ld and a rear zone 1 the of equal dimensions, by a vertical geometric plane AA 'parallel to the rear flank 12 of the chassis 10.
- the front zone 1 ld is turned towards the opening before 14 while the rear zone 1 is turned towards the rear flank 12.
- the two zones 1 ld, 1 have the same depths, this depth dimension being measured in a direction perpendicular to the rear flank 12.
- the region 11 at ground level is preferably equipped with lateral stop members 110 and rear 111 defining an area 112 for receiving and wedging a perforated support 6, horizontal, intended to receive and transport the bag 5.
- the receiving and wedging area 112 extends centrally with respect to the region 11.
- this area 112 extends symmetrically with respect to the plane AA 'as well as symmetrical with respect to a plane CC perpendicular to the plane AA 'and located at equal distances from the two lateral flanks 13 of the frame 10.
- the contour of the area 112 corresponds to the projection of the contour of the reception region 11 on a horizontal plane, this projection marrying a square outline and the area 112 constituting the horizontal bottom of the region 11.
- the lateral stop members 110 and rear 111 are fixed to the ground by any known means, for example by Lag screws.
- each abutment member 110, 111 is formed by a profile in the form of an angle having two flanges perpendicular to each other, namely a horizontal flange for support and attachment to the ground and a vertical wing forming the abutment itself.
- the two lateral abutment members extend perpendicular to the rear flank 12 while the rear abutment member 111 is parallel to said flank 12.
- the horizontal flange of each abutment member is external to make reception and stalling 112
- the front parts of the two lateral abutments 111 form a flare to facilitate the insertion of the perforated support 6 into the reception and wedging area 112.
- the perforated support 6 of square contour, is formed of horizontal slats 60 resting on a suitable base.
- the horizontal slats 60 are parallel and arranged at constant spacing from each other.
- the base consists of a series of dice and a lower floor support plate.
- this perforated support 6 is formed by the upper plate of a removable handling pallet 60, made of wood, known per se, of standardized dimensions.
- the length of each side of the reception area 112 is equal to or slightly greater by a few millimeters than the length of each horizontal side of the pallet 60 so that this pallet can freely be introduced into the reception area 112 and be withdrawn.
- the fragmentation unit 1 receives a pressing functional assembly comprising in particular two pressure plates 15, metal, opposed, vertical, perpendicular to the rear flank 12. These plates, of equal dimensions, are provided to come into pressure against two opposite sides of the bag 5 to fragment the contents. Preferably, they occupy in relation to the ground, the same level of height. These pressure plates 15 are drivable simultaneously towards each other, to the region 11 and consequently to the bag 5, if the latter is there to exert pressure. The trays are also drivable simultaneously away from one another and the region 11 and therefore the bag 5, if the latter is present, to release the pressure and release said bag. Their height relative to the ground is adjustable so that the pressing action and therefore fragmentation is performed over the entire height of the bag 5.
- each pressure plate 15 has a flat pressing face 150 by which it is brought under pressure against the bag 5, this flat face 150 being vertical, and perpendicular to the rear flank 12 of the frame.
- this pressing face 150 has no discontinuity, that is to say no embossed relief or recess.
- Each pressure plate 15 comprises a front edge 151 facing the front opening 14, an upper horizontal edge 152, a lower horizontal edge 153 and a rear edge 154.
- the pressagel50 face has a rear edge 150a which is preferably rectilinear, vertical, this rear edge 150a being opposite to the front edge of the pressure plate 15 and being located in front of the rear edge 154 of said plate.
- the rear edge 150a of the pressing face 150 of each pressing plate 15 is situated behind a geometrical plane DD 'containing the rear virtual face 1b and the length of each pressing plate 15 is such that the front edge 151 of said pressure plate is tangent to a vertical geometric plane BB 'parallel to the plane AA' and dividing the front region 1 ld of the region 11 into two front and rear sub-zones of unequal or equal depths.
- the depth of the rear subarea, that between the two planes AA 'and BB' is less than the depth of the front sub-area, ie that situated between said plane BB 'and the front virtual face 1 la.
- Depth means the normal distance between the AA 'and BB' planes for the rear sub-area and the normal distance between the BB 'plane and the virtual front face 1a for the sub-area before.
- each pressure plate 15 covers only a portion of the width of the bag 5 when the bag 5 is in place in the receiving region 11, for example between 50 to 60% of said width, however, covering the normal distance between the plan BB 'and plan DD'.
- the plane BB ' is spaced at most fifteen centimeters from the plane AA '.
- the bag 5 After each pressing cycle of two opposite faces, the bag 5 is rotated a quarter turn to operate the pressing of the other two opposite faces. Thus, the bag is made to perform a complete turn so that its four vertical faces are subjected to the action of the pressure plates 15 and following this along their entire width. The fact that the pressure plates 15 cover a little more than half the width of each side of the bag, provides during pressing, a covering effect.
- each pressure plate 15 is rounded at its junction with the upper horizontal edges 152 and 153 to avoid the risk of damage to the bag during pressing. This feature is reinforced by the fact that the pressure plate 15 has rounded edges.
- each pressure plate 15 is formed of a frame 15a laterally covered by a vertical flat sheet 15b whose planar face opposite the frame 15a, constitutes the pressing face 150.
- This flat sheet is preferably full in that it is free of perforations.
- the frame 15a is advantageously formed of a frame made from hollow tubular sections, of circular straight sections.
- this frame is formed by a horizontal upper section member, of circular cross section, constituting the upper edge of the plate 15, by a horizontal lower profiled element, of circular cross section, constituting the lower edge of the plate 15, of an element.
- vertical rear profile constituting the rear edge of the plate and a front vertical profile element of circular cross section, constituting the front edge of the pressure plate 15.
- the rear edge 154 of each pressure plate 15 is located near the rear flank 12 to be removed from the bag 5 when the latter is correctly positioned in the receiving region 11.
- the frame constituting the frame 15a of the plate comprises one or more longitudinal braces, reinforcing, opposing the deformation of the flat sheet 15b during pressing of the bag.
- Each pressure plate 15, by the rear vertical profile, is fixed rigidly to a dedicated carrying carriage 16, mounted movably in horizontal translation along two horizontal rails 17, parallel, fixed to a common forklift 18 mounted of mobile way in vertical translation on two vertical rails 19 fixed to the rear flank 12 of the frame 1.
- the carrier trucks 16 and elevator 18 and their guide rails 17 and 19 are integrated in the internal volume that defines the frame 10 of the fragmentation unit and behind the receiving region 11 bag 5. Thus, the size of the fragmentation unit is reduced.
- the carrying trolleys 16 are actuated in horizontal translation along their rails 17 towards or away from each other by motor members 163, 164 integrated in the volume between the rear flank 12 and the receiving region 11 of the bag 5.
- the two rails 17 are fixed to each other by two crosspieces 175, vertical, end.
- Each rail 17 has two opposite horizontal guide tracks 70, 171, one of which cooperates in guiding with the carrier carriage 16 of one of the pressure plates 15 and the other of which cooperates in guiding with the carrier carriage 16 of the other pressure plate 15.
- Each guide track 170, 171 comprises a horizontal basal flank and two lateral flanks, perpendicular to the basal flank.
- Each carriage 16 is formed of two horizontal, parallel, upper 160 and lower 161 longitudinal members, incorporating guide rollers 162 secured to cooperate with the corresponding guide tracks 170 or 171. These longitudinal members 160, 161 are fixed by any known means to the profile vertical rear of the corresponding plate 15.
- each motor member 163, 164 is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder.
- the two hydraulic cylinders 163, 164 are preferably horizontal and parallel to the rear flank 12 of the chassis.
- These jacks are mounted in opposite manner and are fixed by their body, for example by a hinge, to the two end crosspieces 175.
- Each jack is fixed by its stem, for example by a hinge, to the carriage 16 that it actuates.
- These two cylinders 163, 164 are hydraulically connected in series, in that the rear chamber of the first cylinder 163 is connected by a pipe to the front chamber of the second cylinder 164.
- the value of the section of the rear chamber of the first cylinder 163 is equal to the value of the section of the front chamber of the second cylinder 164 minus the value of the section of the rod of the second cylinder, so that the useful sections of these two chambers are equal.
- the functional assembly formed by the two hydraulic cylinders 163, 164 is fed by a hydraulic circuit known per se, comprising in particular a hydraulic distributor 165.
- This distributor 165 is controlled electrically by a control and control unit 4 of a known type. To this end, the two drivers of the distributor are connected
- This distributor is for example of the four-port, three-position, four-way type.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the hydraulic diagram of power supply of this hydraulic assembly. For reasons of simplification, not all hydraulic components are shown in this diagram. In particular, the flow limiters are not represented.
- FIG. 7 shows that one of the outlet orifices of the distributor 165 is connected by a pipe to the rear chamber of the second cylinder 164 while the other outlet orifice is connected by a pipe to the front chamber of the first cylinder 163. It is also observed that this distributor 165 is connected by one of its two inlet ports to a hydraulic pump P and by its other inlet port to an oil tank R. Preferably, to the carriages 16 is associated a means of measuring their movements along their rails 17.
- a hydraulic pressure threshold detector associated with the supply circuit of the working chamber of one of the two cylinders 163, 164
- the working chamber is one that is fed with pressurized fluid to move the pressure plates 15 towards each other and consequently to move said plates 15 in the direction of pressing the bag. 5.
- the cylinders 163 and 164 during pressing, operate by pulling in this direction, that during the pressing operation, their front chamber is fed with fluid under pressure, by the pump P for what relates to the first cylinder 163 and the rear chamber of the first cylinder 163 as regards the second cylinder 164.
- the displacement measuring means and the pressure threshold detector are electrically connected, via electrical connections via appropriate interfaces, to the control and control unit 4.
- the displacement measuring means is constituted by a cable position sensor integrating a winding drum of the cable and a sensitive element such as an encoder coupled to the drum and able to deliver the unit of control and control 4, information representative of the unwinding value of the cable.
- a cable position sensor integrating a winding drum of the cable and a sensitive element such as an encoder coupled to the drum and able to deliver the unit of control and control 4, information representative of the unwinding value of the cable.
- sensors are known in the state of the art and are in common use.
- the end of the cable may be fixed to one of the pressure plates 15 while the body of the sensor may be attached to one of the rails 17.
- the pressure threshold detector is capable of delivering a signal representative of a pressure value greater than the threshold value in the hydraulic circuit
- an initialization phase according to which a point origin to the displacement of the pressure plates 15 in the direction of their approximation, is established.
- This initialization phase is of course carried out after placement of the bag 5 in the region 11 of the fragmentation unit, and consists in bringing the presser plates 15 closer to said bag 5 until meeting a representative forward resistance. contact said trays 15 with said bag 5 (Fig.10). This resistance to progress results in a sudden rise in the pressure in the hydraulic supply circuit of the corresponding working chamber and in a
- a crossing signal is then emitted by the pressure threshold detector and is detected by the control and control unit 4 which can then from the distance data delivered by the cable sensor, establish an origin point to the displacements. Trays 15. The trays 15 can then subsequently be moved towards each other from the origin point over a limited pressing distance, a predetermined value for the fragmentation of the mass of the bag (Fig. 11). Thus, will be ruled out the risk of damage to the bag.
- the trays 15 are placed halfway up the bag 5, this area usually being the most bulging. It should be noted that this initialization phase also makes it possible to determine the thickness of the bag, namely the distance between two opposite side walls 51 of said bag.
- the trays 15 are spaced from each other and brought opposite the upper part of the bag 5. Thereafter, the fragmentation operation can begin. It consists in pressing each side of the bag by lowering after each pressing cycle the trays 15 of a predefined value, preferably less than the height of each pressing plate 15 in order to obtain a covering effect.
- the lift truck 18 rigidly attached to this assembly of pressing, is drivable in translation along the rails 19 by a motor assembly.
- the forklift 18 is fixed by any known means to the two rails 17 for guiding the carriages 16 and is formed by two vertical uprights 180 carrying guide rollers 181. These guide rollers 181 cooperate in guiding with the two rails 19 As can be seen, these two rails 19 each have at least one guide track 190 comprising a basal flank and two lateral flanks perpendicular to the basal flank.
- the guide rollers 181 of one of the uprights 180 of the carriage are engaged in the guide track 190 of one of the two rails 19, the rollers 181 of the other upright 180 are engaged in the guide track of the Another guide rail 19.
- the guide rollers 181 of each post 180 are subject to rolling on the basal side and on one of the two lateral flanks of the corresponding guide track 190.
- a means of measuring its height relative to the ground and thus measuring its displacement is associated with the pressing functional assembly.
- This measuring means may be constituted by a cable position sensor, of the type previously described. This sensor will be connected by electrical connections and by an appropriate interface to the control and control unit 4.
- This sensor incorporates a winding drum of the cable and a sensitive element, such as an encoder, coupled to the drum. This sensor is able to deliver to the control and control unit 4, information representative of the unwinding value of the cable and consequently the height, relative to the ground, of the pressing assembly.
- the end of the cable may be fixed for example to one of the rails 17 of the pressing functional assembly, while the body of the sensor may be attached to one of the rails 19.
- the translation drive motor assembly of the lift truck 18 and consequently of the pressing assembly is preferably constituted by at least one hydraulic cylinder 182 and by a movement transmission deployed between the cylinder rod 182 and the forklift 18.
- the hydraulic ram 182 by its body, is preferably fixed by a hinge to a horizontal crossbar fixed to the two rails 19. This jack 182 extends vertically against the rear flank 12 of the frame and is oriented so that its stem occupies a higher position.
- the motion transmission is arranged in a muffle in order to multiply the amplitude of the movement of the rod of the cylinder 182.
- This transmission is formed on the one hand, of a roller 183 rotatably mounted in a yoke attached to the end upper part of the rod 182 of the cylinder and secondly, a hoisting chain 184 wound partially on the roller 183 and fixed by one of its two ends to the carriage 18 and by its other end to the upper cross member 121 of the rear flank 12.
- FIG 12 is shown schematically, the hydraulic circuit associated with the hydraulic cylinder 182.
- the cylinder 182 is controlled by a controlled distributor 822, four ports, three positions, four channels.
- the two drivers of this distributor are electrically connected by electrical connections, via an appropriate interface, not shown, to the control and control unit 4.
- this unit 4 is able to control the distributor 182a and, consequently, the movements of the cylinder rod 182.
- the distributor 822 is connected as known by a suitable pipe to the hydraulic pump P and another pipe to the hydraulic tank R.
- a balancing valve formed of a pressure limiter 172b and a non-return valve 82c arranged in parallel.
- the check valve 822 allows the direct supply of the rear chamber of the cylinder and opposes its emptying which can operate only through the pressure limiter 172b.
- this pressure limiter 172b is connected to the supply line of the front chamber of the cylinder 182.
- this pressure limiter is controlled by the pressure prevailing in the supply line of the front chamber of the cylinder and can be activated only from a predetermined pressure threshold to allow the evacuation of the oil contained in the rear chamber of the cylinder 182.
- the retraction of the cylinder rod 182 in the cylinder body and consequently, the downward movement of the pressing assembly can take place only from a determined pressure threshold, greater than the value of the hydraulic pressure that only generates the weight of the pressing assembly in the front chamber of the cylinder 182.
- a determined pressure threshold greater than the value of the hydraulic pressure that only generates the weight of the pressing assembly in the front chamber of the cylinder 182.
- the pressure limiter 172b that the balancing valve has has an anti-overpressure drain.
- this balancing valve is also a safety device.
- the hydraulic supply circuit of the jack 182 comprises hydraulic booster means whose objective is to maintain a minimum pressure in the rear chamber of the jack 182 in order to maintain the chain 184 taut and to compensate the weight of the cylinder. pressing assembly and the carriage 18 without moving them along the rails 19.
- Such hydraulic booster means are shown schematically in FIG. 12. These hydraulic booster means are formed of a controlled valve 172d and a pressure limiter 1882.
- the controlled valve l82d is of the normally closed type and of the type comprising two orifices, two positions, a track.
- This valve 822 is connected on the one hand, upstream of the limiter 682 and the valve 822 to the supply line of the rear chamber of the cylinder 182.
- the valve 172d is connected to the pressure limiter 1882. - Even connected via a suitable return line to the hydraulic reservoir R.
- the driver of the valve l82d is connected to the control and control unit 4 by an electrical connection.
- the valve l82d is controlled by the control and control unit 4.
- control and control unit 4 activates the distributor l82a in the direction of feeding of the rear chamber of the cylinder 182 and simultaneously activates the valve 182d to establish a communication between the supply line of the rear chamber of the cylinder 182 and the pressure limiter 822.
- the pressure in the rear chamber of the cylinder 182 is limited to what is strictly necessary for the displacement of the cylinder rod to tension the lifting chain 184, while remaining well below the pressure value from of which the action on the piston of the cylinder rod compensates the weight of the pressing assembly and generates the movement of said assembly upwards.
- the fragmentation unit 1 is further provided with a lifting assembly 2 provided for lifting the bag and disengaging it totally or partially from the perforated support 6 on which it rests.
- This lifting assembly 2 comprises a head 20 provided with a rotating spindle 21 arranged in line with the region 11 for receiving the bag, centrally relative to the latter, the vertical central geometric axis of said region and the axis geometrical rotation of the pin 21 being merged.
- At this pin 21 are fixed slings 26 for hooking the straps 55 for transporting the bag 5. Due to this arrangement, the straps 55 of the bag 5 converge at the center, that is to say towards the pin 21 and can not therefore, be subjected to mechanical stresses during pressing of the upper part of the bag.
- the lifting of the bag 5, during fragmentation operations participates in the disintegration of the mass it contains.
- the lifting assembly 2 comprises, on the one hand, a bracket 22 movably mounted in translation on second guide tracks 191 that comprise the rails 19 and, on the other hand, a fixed motor assembly the rear flank 12 of the chassis 10 and acting on the bracket 22 to move the latter in height.
- the head 20 is carried by the bracket 22 to the right of the region 11 for receiving the bag 5.
- the bracket 22 carries the right of the region 11 for receiving the bag 5, the head 20.
- This bracket comprises two vertical uprights 220 equipped with guide rollers 221 provided to cooperate in guiding with the guide tracks 191.
- These guide tracks 191 are formed opposite the tracks 190 and each comprise a basal flank and two lateral flanks perpendicular to the basal flank.
- the guide rollers 221 of each post 220 are subject to rolling on the basal side and on one of the lateral flanks of the corresponding guide track.
- the motor assembly provided for the displacement of the bracket 22 in height is formed by a hydraulic cylinder 23 and a transmission of movement deployed between the bracket 22 and the rear flank 12 of the frame 10.
- the cylinder 23 is fed by a hydraulic circuit, known per se, comprising in particular a hydraulic distributor 230, of the type for example four orifices, three positions, four channels.
- the two drivers of the distributor are connected by electrical connections, via an appropriate interface, not shown, to the control and control unit 4.
- the flow limiters are not all the hydraulic members.
- one of the outlet ports of the distributor 230 is connected by a pipe to the rear chamber of the cylinder 23 while the other outlet port is connected by a pipe to the front chamber of the cylinder 23.
- this distributor 230 is connected by one of its two inlet ports to the hydraulic pump P and its other inlet port to the oil tank R.
- the motion transmission is arranged in a muffle to multiply the amplitude of the movement of the rod of the cylinder 23.
- the cylinder 23 is arranged vertically, the rod in the upper part, and the latter, in upper end carries a yoke in which is mounted rotatably a roller 24 around which is partially wound a lifting chain.
- This chain is fixed by one of its two ends to the bracket 22 and its other end to the upper cross 121 of the rear flank 12.
- the chain 25 and the roller 24 constitute the transmission mentioned above.
- the head 20 of the lifting assembly incorporates a motor member constituted by a servo motor.
- This servomotor is connected by electrical connections to the control and control unit 4 in order to be controlled by the latter.
- This servo-motor is able to operate in rotation about a vertical axis, the pin 21 of the head 20. It is understood that by lifting the bag, by moving the lifting assembly and rotation of the pin 21 according to a fourth in turn, two new opposite faces of the bag 5 will be brought opposite the pressure plates 15.
- the lifting assembly is associated with means for measuring its height relative to the ground.
- This measurement means may preferably consist of a cable position sensor, of the type previously described.
- This position sensor is connected by electrical connections, via an appropriate interface, to the control and control unit 4.
- the end of the cable may be fixed to the bracket 22 while the body of this sensor can be attached to one of the rails 19.
- the guide rollers 162, 181, and 221 are combined rollers. These rollers are each formed of a roller body in the form of a solid of revolution, receiving in rotation an outer ring constituting tread. The axis of rotation of this ring and the axis of revolution of the roller body are merged. By this outer ring, the roller is rolled on one of the lateral flanks of the corresponding guide track.
- the roller further comprises a second rolling member rotatably mounted on an axis fixed to the roller body. The geometric axis of rotation of this second rolling member is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the outer ring. This second rolling member is provided for rolling on the basal flank of the corresponding guide track.
- Such combined rollers as briefly described, are known in the state of the art and are of current use.
- fragmentation unit as described is intended to perform the fragmentation operations before emptying the bag, it is obvious that it can be used during this emptying to facilitate this operation, with the appropriate adaptations to the scope of the man of the art.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1800290A FR3079427B1 (fr) | 2018-04-03 | 2018-04-03 | Unite et procede de fragmentation d'une masse solide ensachee |
| PCT/IB2019/052672 WO2019193485A1 (fr) | 2018-04-03 | 2019-04-01 | Unité et procédé de fragmentation d'une masse solide ensachée |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3774557A1 true EP3774557A1 (fr) | 2021-02-17 |
| EP3774557B1 EP3774557B1 (fr) | 2023-08-23 |
| EP3774557C0 EP3774557C0 (fr) | 2023-08-23 |
Family
ID=63014599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19714805.9A Active EP3774557B1 (fr) | 2018-04-03 | 2019-04-01 | Unité et procédé de fragmentation d'une masse solide ensachée |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11883826B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3774557B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3079427B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019193485A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3107813B1 (fr) * | 2020-03-04 | 2025-08-29 | Kamanda Armand Gerard | Dispositif de fabrication de pâte alimentaire |
| US11396433B1 (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-07-26 | Flexicon Corporation | Bulk bag conditioner |
| CN113525831B (zh) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-03-14 | 徐州佳特包装有限公司 | 一种吨包袋辅助投料装置 |
| CN119327546B (zh) * | 2024-12-20 | 2025-08-19 | 新乡市华博电源材料有限公司 | 一种光伏板玻璃粉碎装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5944470A (en) | 1997-01-15 | 1999-08-31 | Bonerb; Timothy C. | Flexible bulk container unloader |
| US20050199650A1 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2005-09-15 | Material Transfer & Storage, Inc. | Bulk bag discharging system assembly |
| US7267144B2 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2007-09-11 | Material Transfer & Storage, Inc. | Bulk bag filling system |
| US8181568B1 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2012-05-22 | Material Transfer & Storage, Inc. | Bulk bag conditioning system |
| US9387950B2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2016-07-12 | Material Transfer & Storage, Inc. | Bulk bag discharge assembly including a conditioning assembly |
| US9254935B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2016-02-09 | The Young Industries, Inc. | Bulk material handling system and carrier therefor |
| WO2015191958A1 (fr) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Flexicon Corporation | Dispositif de conditionnement de sac de vrac doté d'ensembles de piston à déplacement vertical |
| CN206766495U (zh) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-12-19 | 山东森烨生态工程有限公司 | 一种新型智能化拆包系统 |
-
2018
- 2018-04-03 FR FR1800290A patent/FR3079427B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-04-01 US US17/044,611 patent/US11883826B2/en active Active
- 2019-04-01 WO PCT/IB2019/052672 patent/WO2019193485A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-04-01 EP EP19714805.9A patent/EP3774557B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11883826B2 (en) | 2024-01-30 |
| FR3079427A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 |
| WO2019193485A1 (fr) | 2019-10-10 |
| US20210107010A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
| EP3774557B1 (fr) | 2023-08-23 |
| FR3079427B1 (fr) | 2022-06-10 |
| EP3774557C0 (fr) | 2023-08-23 |
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