EP3772381A1 - Method for manufacturing a transparent vehicle part - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a transparent vehicle part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3772381A1
EP3772381A1 EP20189095.1A EP20189095A EP3772381A1 EP 3772381 A1 EP3772381 A1 EP 3772381A1 EP 20189095 A EP20189095 A EP 20189095A EP 3772381 A1 EP3772381 A1 EP 3772381A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
varnish
transparent
paint
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20189095.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sophie Vidal
Stéphane GUILLIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plastic Omnium SE
Original Assignee
Plastic Omnium SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plastic Omnium SE filed Critical Plastic Omnium SE
Publication of EP3772381A1 publication Critical patent/EP3772381A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/068—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using ionising radiations (gamma, X, electrons)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/22—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching
    • B44C1/228—Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching by laser radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/06—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
    • B05D2201/02—Polymeric substrate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a part of a motor vehicle. More particularly, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a transparent vehicle part that contributes to the exterior appearance of the vehicle.
  • a vehicle comprises several transparent parts intended to transmit light. These are in particular parts used for regulatory lighting purposes, for example those protecting the optical units of high beam and low beam or flashing lights. Furthermore, the vehicle may also have light sources provided for decorative purposes which improve the aesthetics of the vehicle.
  • an external surface of the transparent parts in order to improve their appearance.
  • One possibility for this consists in overmolding a film on the external surface of the transparent part, the film having a predefined opaque pattern. In this way, when the light source associated with the transparent piece emits light, the latter is partially blocked by the opacity of the pattern and transmitted by the parts of the piece which are not covered by the pattern. This improves the aesthetics of the light beam transmitted, by the transparent part, from the light source to the external environment.
  • Another possibility consists in decorating the transparent part by painting and marouflage, which makes it possible to obtain a similar result.
  • a film as described above can pose problems of color match with the paint of the vehicle, which has a negative impact on the aesthetics of the vehicle.
  • applying the film in one of the ways presented above may not make it possible to obtain a pattern with as high a precision as desired.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to remedy this problem by proposing a method which does not pose a problem of color matching with the paint of the vehicle and which is more precise than that of the prior art.
  • the transparent part is manufactured by molding a plastic, for example polycarbonate, polypropylene or poly (methyl methacrylate).
  • a plastic for example polycarbonate, polypropylene or poly (methyl methacrylate).
  • the transparent part is thus simple to produce and inexpensive.
  • the laser radiation has a wavelength comprised in the infrared, preferably in the near infrared.
  • the first and second layers of varnish are made from a material which absorbs or reflects ultraviolet radiation.
  • the first layer of varnish is transparent to any laser radiation having a wavelength included in the near infrared.
  • the first layer of varnish can thus allow the laser radiation to pass without there being any risk of it being damaged by the laser radiation.
  • the first and second layers of varnish are made from the same material.
  • the paint layer comprises an opacifying primer sublayer.
  • the opacifying primer undercoat opacifies the paint layer and thus improves its appearance. Without an opacifying primer undercoat, it would be necessary to increase the thickness of the paint layer to obtain a similar rendering, which is preferable to avoid for reasons of appearance (sagging, tint), costs and adhesion of the paint layer to the transparent part. In addition, it improves the adhesion of the paint to the transparent part.
  • the vehicle part is polished.
  • the stepped shape of the layers covering the transparent part is attenuated, which helps to make its surface appearance more homogeneous. This also helps to promote the transmission of the light beam through the vehicle part so as to maximize its illumination due to the absence of a so-called "magnifying" effect that could be caused by edge effects.
  • the manufacturing process improves the overall quality of the vehicle parts thus produced.
  • One represented on the figure 1 a first step of a process for manufacturing a vehicle part 2.
  • the vehicle part 2 comprises a transparent part 4 intended to protect a light source (not shown).
  • transparent is understood to mean that it is at least transparent to all light radiation having a wavelength included in the visible spectrum, that is to say between approximately 380 and 780 nm.
  • the transparent part 4 is made here in a plastic having this characteristic, in this case polycarbonate commonly referred to as “PC”. However, provision can be made to produce the transparent part in any other plastic having this characteristic, for example polypropylene (PP) or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).
  • PP polypropylene
  • PMMA poly (methyl methacrylate)
  • the transparent part is made by molding. Since such a process is known, it will not be described in more detail in what follows.
  • the vehicle part 2 comprises a layer of paint 6 which is deposited on the external surface of the transparent part 4.
  • external surface is meant a surface of the transparent part which is not located opposite the source of. light and which is intended to be exposed to the external environment once the vehicle is manufactured.
  • the paint layer 6 comprises a sub-layer of opacifying primer 8 on which is deposited a base coat 10.
  • the base coat 10 makes it possible to color the external appearance of the vehicle part 2.
  • the sub-layer of opacifying primer 8 makes it possible to improve the opacity of the paint layer 6 and to improve the adhesion of the base layer 10 to the transparent part 4.
  • the vehicle part 2 comprises a first layer of varnish 12 which is deposited on an external surface of the transparent part 4, above the layer of paint 6.
  • the layer of paint 6 is deposited then the first layer of varnish 12 on the transparent part 4.
  • a part of the vehicle part 2 is irradiated with the aid of laser radiation 14 so as to etch the paint layer 6 and the first layer of varnish 12.
  • This etching is carried out throughout the thickness of the layer of paint 6 and of the first layer of varnish 12.
  • the laser radiation 14 has a wavelength comprised in the infrared, that is to say comprised between 700 nm and 20,000 nm in the context of the invention.
  • An example of such laser radiation is that commonly referred to as a “CO 2 laser” which has a wavelength of 10600 nm.
  • the wavelength of the laser radiation 14 is included in the near infrared, that is to say between 700 and 2000 nm.
  • the first layer 12 of varnish is transparent to laser radiation 14, the latter has the advantage of not etching the first layer of varnish. This avoids a risk of damaging the varnish layer.
  • the irradiation is carried out only in a part of the vehicle part 2 in the sense that it is carried out according to a predefined pattern of the external surface of the first layer of varnish 12. It is controlled so that the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12 is irradiated, therefore eliminated in the pattern and in all their thickness. Even if the first layer of varnish 12 is made of a material transparent to laser radiation 14, the irradiation of the underlying paint layer 6 makes it possible to eliminate the first layer of varnish 12 in the pattern. After the irradiation, the surface of the vehicle part 2 has two levels.
  • the transparent part 4 is no longer coated. In this area, visible light can be transmitted from the light source to the outside environment, and vice versa.
  • the transparent part 4 is coated with the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12. In this zone, visible light cannot be transmitted from the external environment to the transparent part. 4, and vice versa, because it is absorbed by the paint layer 6.
  • a step of polishing the vehicle part 2 can be provided. It makes it possible to improve the transparency in the zone of the predefined pattern and, more generally, the aesthetics of the vehicle part 2. In addition, this buffing makes it possible to round off the corners formed by the etching carried out during the irradiation step, and therefore to improve the aesthetics of the vehicle part 2.
  • a layer of transparent primer 16 is deposited on the transparent part 4, above the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12.
  • the transparent primer notably fills the areas in the pattern which have undergone the etching described in the above. This primer being transparent, it does not prevent the transmission of a light beam in the visible spectrum.
  • a second layer of varnish 18 is deposited on the transparent part 4, above the transparent primer layer 16.
  • the latter makes it possible to deposit the second layer of varnish 18, insofar as it is very difficult to remove. to do adhere a layer of varnish to another layer of varnish, whatever the nature of these two layers of varnish.
  • the second layer of varnish 18 has the particular function of protecting the transparent part 4 from any ultraviolet radiation to which it may be exposed, in particular from the sun.
  • the second layer of varnish 18 makes it possible to mechanically protect the transparent part 4, in particular to prevent it from being scratched or deformed by external stresses.
  • the first 12 and second 18 layers of varnish are made from the same material, but it is possible to use two different varnishes to make the two layers 12, 18.
  • the coating of the vehicle part 2 has two different structures.
  • the transparent part 4 is coated with the transparent primer layer 16 and the second layer of varnish 18. In this area, visible light can be transmitted from the light source to the external environment, and vice versa.
  • the transparent primer layer 16 improves the adhesion of the second layer of varnish 18 to the transparent part 4. It also makes it possible to avoid direct contact between the second layer of varnish 18 and the transparent part 4, to which case the transparent part could be chemically attacked by the varnish.
  • the transparent part 4 is coated with the layer of paint 6, the first layer of varnish 12, the transparent primer layer 16 and the second layer of varnish 18. In this zone, visible light cannot be transmitted from the external environment to the transparent part 4, and vice versa, because it is absorbed by the paint layer 6.
  • the light source may form part of an optical unit for the low beam and main beam of the vehicle, of an optical unit of flashing lights of the vehicle, or else of an optical unit of decorative lights.
  • the transparent part can integrate light guides or light sources without an optical unit, by insert molding, overmolding, fixing by gluing, welding, riveting or any other fixing means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Dans ce procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de véhicule (2), on met en œuvre les étapes suivantes :- application d'une couche de peinture (6) sur une pièce transparente (4),- application d'une première couche de vernis (12) sur la couche de peinture (6),- irradiation partielle de la couche de peinture (6) et de la première couche de vernis (12) avec un rayonnement laser de manière à graver la couche de peinture (6) et la première couche de vernis (12),- application d'une couche de primaire transparent (16) sur la première couche de vernis (12), et- application d'une seconde couche de vernis (18) sur la couche de primaire transparent (16).In this method of manufacturing a vehicle part (2), the following steps are implemented: - application of a layer of paint (6) on a transparent part (4), - application of a first layer of varnish (12) on the paint layer (6), - partial irradiation of the paint layer (6) and the first varnish layer (12) with laser radiation so as to etch the paint layer (6) and the first layer of varnish (12), - application of a layer of transparent primer (16) on the first layer of varnish (12), and - application of a second layer of varnish (18) on the layer of transparent primer (16).

Description

L'invention concerne une pièce de véhicule automobile. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de véhicule transparente et contribuant à l'aspect extérieur du véhicule.The invention relates to a part of a motor vehicle. More particularly, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a transparent vehicle part that contributes to the exterior appearance of the vehicle.

Un véhicule comprend plusieurs pièces transparentes destinées à transmettre de la lumière. Il s'agit notamment des pièces utilisées à des fins d'éclairage réglementaire, par exemple celles protégeant les blocs optiques des feux de route et de croisement ou bien des feux clignotants. Par ailleurs, le véhicule peut également présenter des sources de lumières prévues à des fins décoratives qui améliorent l'esthétique du véhicule.A vehicle comprises several transparent parts intended to transmit light. These are in particular parts used for regulatory lighting purposes, for example those protecting the optical units of high beam and low beam or flashing lights. Furthermore, the vehicle may also have light sources provided for decorative purposes which improve the aesthetics of the vehicle.

A ces fins, il est possible de traiter une surface externe des pièces transparentes afin d'améliorer leur aspect. Une possibilité pour ce faire consiste à surmouler un film sur la surface externe de la pièce transparente, le film présentant un motif opaque prédéfini. De la sorte, lorsque la source de lumière associée à la pièce transparente émet de la lumière, cette dernière est partiellement bloquée par l'opacité du motif et transmise par les parties de la pièce qui ne sont pas recouvertes par le motif. Cela permet d'améliorer l'esthétique du faisceau lumineux transmis, par la pièce transparente, de la source de lumière vers l'environnement extérieur. Une autre possibilité consiste à décorer la pièce transparente par peinture et marouflage, ce qui permet d'obtenir un résultat similaire.For these purposes, it is possible to treat an external surface of the transparent parts in order to improve their appearance. One possibility for this consists in overmolding a film on the external surface of the transparent part, the film having a predefined opaque pattern. In this way, when the light source associated with the transparent piece emits light, the latter is partially blocked by the opacity of the pattern and transmitted by the parts of the piece which are not covered by the pattern. This improves the aesthetics of the light beam transmitted, by the transparent part, from the light source to the external environment. Another possibility consists in decorating the transparent part by painting and marouflage, which makes it possible to obtain a similar result.

Ces options sont intéressantes mais peuvent poser problème. En effet, un film tel que décrit ci-dessus peut poser des problèmes de correspondance de couleur avec la peinture du véhicule, ce qui a un impact négatif sur l'esthétique du véhicule. De plus, l'application du film selon l'une des manières présentées ci-dessus peut ne pas permettre d'obtenir un motif d'une précision aussi élevée que souhaitée.These options are interesting but can be problematic. Indeed, a film as described above can pose problems of color match with the paint of the vehicle, which has a negative impact on the aesthetics of the vehicle. In addition, applying the film in one of the ways presented above may not make it possible to obtain a pattern with as high a precision as desired.

L'invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ce problème en proposant un procédé ne posant pas de problème de correspondance de couleur avec la peinture du véhicule et qui soit plus précis que celui de l'art antérieur.The object of the invention is in particular to remedy this problem by proposing a method which does not pose a problem of color matching with the paint of the vehicle and which is more precise than that of the prior art.

A cet effet, on prévoit selon l'invention un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de véhicule comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • on applique une couche de peinture sur une pièce transparente,
  • on applique une première couche de vernis sur la couche de peinture,
  • on irradie partiellement la couche de peinture et la première couche de vernis avec un rayonnement laser de manière à graver la couche de peinture et la première couche de vernis,
  • on applique une couche de primaire transparent sur la première couche de vernis, et
  • on applique une seconde couche de vernis sur la couche de primaire transparent.
To this end, according to the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a vehicle part comprising the following steps:
  • a layer of paint is applied to a transparent part,
  • a first coat of varnish is applied to the coat of paint,
  • the layer of paint and the first layer of varnish are partially irradiated with a laser radiation so as to etch the paint layer and the first varnish layer,
  • a layer of transparent primer is applied to the first layer of varnish, and
  • a second layer of varnish is applied to the transparent primer layer.

On peut ainsi appliquer la peinture et la première couche de vernis sur toute la surface de la pièce transparente puis les retirer par gravure à l'aide du rayonnement laser selon un motif prédéfini choisi. On comprend que le laser permet de retirer la peinture et la première couche de vernis afin d'obtenir un rendu plus précis qu'en mettant en œuvre l'un des procédés de l'art antérieur. De plus, grâce au fait que la couleur du revêtement soit donnée par de la peinture et non par un film comme dans l'art antérieur, il est possible de choisir une peinture qui corresponde à celle utilisée pour la carrosserie du véhicule. Il s'ensuit qu'aucun problème de correspondance de couleur ne se pose.It is thus possible to apply the paint and the first layer of varnish over the entire surface of the transparent part and then remove them by etching using laser radiation according to a chosen predefined pattern. It will be understood that the laser makes it possible to remove the paint and the first layer of varnish in order to obtain a more precise rendering than by implementing one of the methods of the prior art. In addition, thanks to the fact that the color of the coating is given by paint and not by a film as in the prior art, it is possible to choose a paint which corresponds to that used for the body of the vehicle. As a result, no color matching problem arises.

L'agencement des différentes couches et l'ordre dans lequel on les applique permet par ailleurs de s'affranchir des difficultés techniques suivantes :

  • dans le cas où elle est réalisée en polycarbonate, la pièce transparente est impossible à traiter pour la protéger des rayonnements ultraviolets, ce qui rend la présence d'au moins une couche de vernis nécessaire.
  • une irradiation de la pièce de véhicule qui affecterait la pièce transparente est source de défaut pour la couche de peinture, ce qui nuirait à son aspect et à sa tenue mécanique.
  • il est très difficile de faire adhérer une couche de vernis directement sur une autre couche de vernis.
  • une couche de vernis appliquée directement sur la pièce transparente peut attaquer chimiquement cette dernière et la fissurer, ce qui nuirait à son aspect de surface.
The arrangement of the different layers and the order in which they are applied also makes it possible to overcome the following technical difficulties:
  • in the case where it is made of polycarbonate, the transparent part is impossible to treat to protect it from ultraviolet radiation, which makes the presence of at least one layer of varnish necessary.
  • an irradiation of the vehicle part which would affect the transparent part is a source of defect for the paint layer, which would adversely affect its appearance and its mechanical strength.
  • it is very difficult to adhere one layer of varnish directly to another layer of varnish.
  • a layer of varnish applied directly to the transparent part can chemically attack the latter and crack it, which would adversely affect its surface appearance.

Avantageusement, on fabrique la pièce transparente par moulage d'un plastique, par exemple du polycarbonate, du polypropylène ou du poly(méthacrylate de méthyle).Advantageously, the transparent part is manufactured by molding a plastic, for example polycarbonate, polypropylene or poly (methyl methacrylate).

La pièce transparente est ainsi simple à réaliser et peu onéreuse.The transparent part is thus simple to produce and inexpensive.

Avantageusement, le rayonnement laser présente une longueur d'onde comprise dans l'infrarouge, de préférence dans l'infrarouge proche.Advantageously, the laser radiation has a wavelength comprised in the infrared, preferably in the near infrared.

Un tel rayonnement laser permet d'efficacement éliminer la couche de peinture et la première couche de vernis.Such laser radiation effectively eliminates the paint layer and the first varnish layer.

Avantageusement, les première et seconde couches de vernis sont réalisées dans un matériau absorbant ou réfléchissant des rayonnements ultraviolets.Advantageously, the first and second layers of varnish are made from a material which absorbs or reflects ultraviolet radiation.

On protège ainsi la pièce transparente des rayonnements ultraviolets qui pourraient la détériorer par photodégradation car toute sa surface extérieure est revêtue de la seconde couche de vernis et, dans une partie, de la première couche de vernis.This protects the transparent part from ultraviolet radiation which could damage it by photodegradation because its entire outer surface is coated with the second layer of varnish and, in part, with the first layer of varnish.

Avantageusement, la première couche de vernis est transparente à tout rayonnement laser présentant une longueur d'onde comprise dans l'infrarouge proche.Advantageously, the first layer of varnish is transparent to any laser radiation having a wavelength included in the near infrared.

La première couche de vernis peut ainsi laisser passer le rayonnement laser sans qu'il n'y ait de risque qu'elle soit détériorée par le rayonnement laser.The first layer of varnish can thus allow the laser radiation to pass without there being any risk of it being damaged by the laser radiation.

Avantageusement, les première et seconde couches de vernis sont réalisées dans le même matériau.Advantageously, the first and second layers of varnish are made from the same material.

Avantageusement, la couche de peinture comporte une sous-couche de primaire opacifiant.Advantageously, the paint layer comprises an opacifying primer sublayer.

La sous-couche de primaire opacifiant permet d'opacifier la couche de peinture et ainsi d'améliorer son aspect. Sans sous-couche de primaire opacifiant, il serait nécessaire d'augmenter l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture pour obtenir un rendu similaire, ce qu'il est préférable d'éviter pour des raisons d'aspect (coulure, teinte), de coûts et d'adhérence de la couche de peinture à la pièce transparente. De plus, cela permet d'améliorer l'accroche de la peinture à la pièce transparente.The opacifying primer undercoat opacifies the paint layer and thus improves its appearance. Without an opacifying primer undercoat, it would be necessary to increase the thickness of the paint layer to obtain a similar rendering, which is preferable to avoid for reasons of appearance (sagging, tint), costs and adhesion of the paint layer to the transparent part. In addition, it improves the adhesion of the paint to the transparent part.

Avantageusement, après l'étape d'irradiation, on lustre la pièce de véhicule.Advantageously, after the irradiation step, the vehicle part is polished.

On améliore ainsi la transparence de la pièce de véhicule en limitant les effets de bord des zones irradiées. Spécifiquement, on atténue la forme en escalier des couches qui revêtent la pièce transparente, ce qui contribue à rendre plus homogène son aspect de surface. Cela contribue par ailleurs à favoriser la transmission du faisceau lumineux à travers la pièce de véhicule de manière à maximiser son éclairement du fait de l'absence d'effet dit « loupe » que pourraient engendrer les effets de bord.This improves the transparency of the vehicle part by limiting the edge effects of the irradiated areas. Specifically, the stepped shape of the layers covering the transparent part is attenuated, which helps to make its surface appearance more homogeneous. This also helps to promote the transmission of the light beam through the vehicle part so as to maximize its illumination due to the absence of a so-called "magnifying" effect that could be caused by edge effects.

On prévoit également selon l'invention une pièce de véhicule obtenue par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication tel que défini dans ce qui précède.There is also provided according to the invention a vehicle part obtained by the implementation of a manufacturing method as defined in the above.

Le procédé de fabrication permet d'améliorer la qualité générale des pièces de véhicule ainsi produites.The manufacturing process improves the overall quality of the vehicle parts thus produced.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1] la figure 1 est une vue en section d'une première étape de la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 2] la figure 2 est une vue en section d'une deuxième étape de la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication selon l'invention, et
  • [Fig. 3] la figure 3 est une vue en section d'une troisième étape de la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] the figure 1 is a sectional view of a first step in the implementation of a manufacturing method according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 2 ] the figure 2 is a sectional view of a second step in the implementation of a manufacturing method according to the invention, and
  • [ Fig. 3 ] the figure 3 is a sectional view of a third step in the implementation of a manufacturing method according to the invention.

Description détailléedetailed description

On a représenté sur la figure 1 une première étape d'un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de véhicule 2.One represented on the figure 1 a first step of a process for manufacturing a vehicle part 2.

La pièce de véhicule 2 comprend une pièce transparente 4 destinée à protéger une source de lumière (non représentée). On entend par « transparente » qu'elle est au moins transparente à tout rayonnement lumineux présentant une longueur d'onde comprise dans le spectre visible, c'est-à-dire comprise entre environ 380 et 780 nm. La pièce transparente 4 est ici réalisée dans un plastique présentant cette caractéristique, en l'occurrence du polycarbonate communément désigné « PC ». On peut toutefois prévoir de réaliser la pièce transparente dans un tout autre plastique présentant cette caractéristique, par exemple le polypropylène (PP) ou le poly(méthacrylate de méthyle) (PMMA). La pièce transparente est réalisée par moulage. Un tel procédé étant connu, on ne le détaillera pas davantage dans ce qui suit.The vehicle part 2 comprises a transparent part 4 intended to protect a light source (not shown). The term “transparent” is understood to mean that it is at least transparent to all light radiation having a wavelength included in the visible spectrum, that is to say between approximately 380 and 780 nm. The transparent part 4 is made here in a plastic having this characteristic, in this case polycarbonate commonly referred to as “PC”. However, provision can be made to produce the transparent part in any other plastic having this characteristic, for example polypropylene (PP) or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The transparent part is made by molding. Since such a process is known, it will not be described in more detail in what follows.

La pièce de véhicule 2 comprend une couche de peinture 6 qui est déposée sur la surface externe de la pièce transparente 4. Par « surface externe », on entend une surface de la pièce transparente qui n'est pas située en regard de la source de lumière et qui est destinée à être exposée à l'environnement extérieur une fois le véhicule fabriqué. Ici, la couche de peinture 6 comporte une sous-couche de primaire opacifiant 8 sur laquelle est déposée une couche de base 10. La couche de base 10 permet de colorer l'aspect extérieur de la pièce de véhicule 2. La sous-couche de primaire opacifiant 8 permet d'améliorer l'opacité de la couche de peinture 6 et d'améliorer l'adhérence de la couche de base 10 à la pièce transparente 4.The vehicle part 2 comprises a layer of paint 6 which is deposited on the external surface of the transparent part 4. By “external surface” is meant a surface of the transparent part which is not located opposite the source of. light and which is intended to be exposed to the external environment once the vehicle is manufactured. Here, the paint layer 6 comprises a sub-layer of opacifying primer 8 on which is deposited a base coat 10. The base coat 10 makes it possible to color the external appearance of the vehicle part 2. The sub-layer of opacifying primer 8 makes it possible to improve the opacity of the paint layer 6 and to improve the adhesion of the base layer 10 to the transparent part 4.

La pièce de véhicule 2 comprend une première couche de vernis 12 qui est déposée sur une surface externe de la pièce transparente 4, au-dessus de la couche de peinture 6.The vehicle part 2 comprises a first layer of varnish 12 which is deposited on an external surface of the transparent part 4, above the layer of paint 6.

Selon la première étape du procédé de fabrication de la pièce de véhicule 2, on dépose la couche de peinture 6 puis la première couche de vernis 12 sur la pièce transparente 4.According to the first step of the process for manufacturing the vehicle part 2, the layer of paint 6 is deposited then the first layer of varnish 12 on the transparent part 4.

On a représenté en figure 2 une seconde étape du procédé de fabrication de la pièce de véhicule 2. Dans cette étape, on irradie une partie de la pièce de véhicule 2 à l'aide d'un rayonnement laser 14 de manière à graver la couche de peinture 6 et la première couche de vernis 12. Cette gravure est effectuée dans toute l'épaisseur de la couche de peinture 6 et de la première couche de vernis 12. Cette opération est communément désignée par les termes anglo-saxons « laser-etching » pouvant être traduits par « gravure au laser ». Le rayonnement laser 14 présente une longueur d'onde comprise dans l'infrarouge, c'est-à-dire comprise entre 700 nm et 20000 nm dans le cadre de l'invention. Un exemple de tel rayonnement laser est celui communément désigné « laser CO2 » qui présente une longueur d'onde de 10600 nm. De préférence, la longueur d'onde du rayonnement laser 14 est comprise dans l'infrarouge proche, c'est-à-dire comprise entre 700 et 2000 nm. Dans ce cas et si la première 12 couche de vernis est transparente au rayonnement laser 14, ce dernier présente l'avantage de ne pas graver la première couche de vernis. On évite ainsi un risque d'endommagement de la couche de vernis.We have represented in figure 2 a second step of the process for manufacturing the vehicle part 2. In this step, a part of the vehicle part 2 is irradiated with the aid of laser radiation 14 so as to etch the paint layer 6 and the first layer of varnish 12. This etching is carried out throughout the thickness of the layer of paint 6 and of the first layer of varnish 12. This operation is commonly designated by the English terms “laser-etching” which can be translated as “ laser engraving ”. The laser radiation 14 has a wavelength comprised in the infrared, that is to say comprised between 700 nm and 20,000 nm in the context of the invention. An example of such laser radiation is that commonly referred to as a “CO 2 laser” which has a wavelength of 10600 nm. Preferably, the wavelength of the laser radiation 14 is included in the near infrared, that is to say between 700 and 2000 nm. In this case and if the first layer 12 of varnish is transparent to laser radiation 14, the latter has the advantage of not etching the first layer of varnish. This avoids a risk of damaging the varnish layer.

L'irradiation est réalisée uniquement dans une partie de la pièce de véhicule 2 dans le sens où elle est réalisée selon un motif prédéfini de la surface externe de la première couche de vernis 12. Elle est commandée de sorte que la couche de peinture 6 et la première de couche de vernis 12 soit irradiées, donc éliminées dans le motif et dans toute leur épaisseur. Même si la première couche de vernis 12 est réalisée dans un matériau transparent au rayonnement laser 14, l'irradiation de la couche de peinture 6 sous-jacente permet d'éliminer la première couche de vernis 12 dans le motif. Après l'irradiation, la surface de la pièce de véhicule 2 présente deux niveaux.The irradiation is carried out only in a part of the vehicle part 2 in the sense that it is carried out according to a predefined pattern of the external surface of the first layer of varnish 12. It is controlled so that the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12 is irradiated, therefore eliminated in the pattern and in all their thickness. Even if the first layer of varnish 12 is made of a material transparent to laser radiation 14, the irradiation of the underlying paint layer 6 makes it possible to eliminate the first layer of varnish 12 in the pattern. After the irradiation, the surface of the vehicle part 2 has two levels.

Dans la zone du motif prédéfini, la pièce transparente 4 n'est plus revêtue. Dans cette zone, la lumière visible peut être transmise de la source de lumière vers l'environnement extérieur, et inversement.In the area of the predefined pattern, the transparent part 4 is no longer coated. In this area, visible light can be transmitted from the light source to the outside environment, and vice versa.

En dehors de la zone du motif prédéfini, la pièce transparente 4 est revêtue de la couche de peinture 6 et de la première couche de vernis 12. Dans cette zone, la lumière visible ne peut être transmise de l'environnement extérieur vers la pièce transparente 4, et inversement, car elle est absorbée par la couche de peinture 6.Outside the zone of the predefined pattern, the transparent part 4 is coated with the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12. In this zone, visible light cannot be transmitted from the external environment to the transparent part. 4, and vice versa, because it is absorbed by the paint layer 6.

Après cette étape d'irradiation, on peut prévoir une étape de lustrage de la pièce de véhicule 2. Elle permet d'améliorer la transparence dans la zone du motif prédéfini et, de manière plus générale, l'esthétique de la pièce de véhicule 2. En outre, ce lustrage permet d'arrondir les coins formés par la gravure effectuée lors de l'étape d'irradiation, et donc d'améliorer l'esthétique de la pièce de véhicule 2.After this irradiation step, a step of polishing the vehicle part 2 can be provided. It makes it possible to improve the transparency in the zone of the predefined pattern and, more generally, the aesthetics of the vehicle part 2. In addition, this buffing makes it possible to round off the corners formed by the etching carried out during the irradiation step, and therefore to improve the aesthetics of the vehicle part 2.

On a représenté en figure 3 une troisième étape du procédé de fabrication de la pièce de véhicule 2. Dans cette étape, on dépose une couche de primaire transparent 16 sur la pièce transparente 4, au-dessus de la couche de peinture 6 et de la première couche de vernis 12. Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 3, le primaire transparent remplit notamment les zones dans le motif qui ont subi la gravure décrite dans ce qui précède. Ce primaire étant transparent, il n'empêche pas la transmission d'un faisceau lumineux dans le spectre visible.We have represented in figure 3 a third step of the process for manufacturing the vehicle part 2. In this step, a layer of transparent primer 16 is deposited on the transparent part 4, above the layer of paint 6 and the first layer of varnish 12. As shown in the figure 3 , the transparent primer notably fills the areas in the pattern which have undergone the etching described in the above. This primer being transparent, it does not prevent the transmission of a light beam in the visible spectrum.

Ensuite, on dépose une seconde couche de vernis 18 sur la pièce transparente 4, au-dessus de la couche de primaire transparent 16. Cette dernière rend possible le dépôt de la seconde couche de vernis 18, dans la mesure où il est très difficile de faire adhérer une couche de vernis sur une autre couche de vernis, quelle que soit la nature de ces deux couches de vernis.Next, a second layer of varnish 18 is deposited on the transparent part 4, above the transparent primer layer 16. The latter makes it possible to deposit the second layer of varnish 18, insofar as it is very difficult to remove. to do adhere a layer of varnish to another layer of varnish, whatever the nature of these two layers of varnish.

La seconde couche de vernis 18 a notamment pour fonction de protéger la pièce transparente 4 de tout rayonnement ultraviolet auquel elle peut être exposée, notamment du soleil. En outre, la seconde couche de vernis 18 permet de protéger mécaniquement la pièce transparente 4, notamment pour éviter qu'elle soit rayée ou déformée par des sollicitations extérieures. Ici, les première 12 et seconde 18 couches de vernis sont réalisées dans le même matériau, mais on peut prévoir d'utiliser deux vernis différents pour réaliser les deux couches 12, 18.The second layer of varnish 18 has the particular function of protecting the transparent part 4 from any ultraviolet radiation to which it may be exposed, in particular from the sun. In addition, the second layer of varnish 18 makes it possible to mechanically protect the transparent part 4, in particular to prevent it from being scratched or deformed by external stresses. Here, the first 12 and second 18 layers of varnish are made from the same material, but it is possible to use two different varnishes to make the two layers 12, 18.

A ce moment-là, le revêtement de la pièce de véhicule 2 présente deux structures différentes.At this time, the coating of the vehicle part 2 has two different structures.

Dans la zone du motif prédéfini, la pièce transparente 4 est revêtue de la couche de primaire transparent 16 et de la seconde couche de vernis 18. Dans cette zone, la lumière visible peut être transmise de la source de lumière vers l'environnement extérieur, et inversement. La couche de primaire transparent 16 permet d'améliorer l'adhérence de la seconde couche de vernis 18 à la pièce transparente 4. Elle permet en outre d'éviter un contact direct entre la seconde couche de vernis 18 et la pièce transparente 4, auquel cas la pièce transparente pourrait être attaquée chimiquement par le vernis.In the area of the predefined pattern, the transparent part 4 is coated with the transparent primer layer 16 and the second layer of varnish 18. In this area, visible light can be transmitted from the light source to the external environment, and vice versa. The transparent primer layer 16 improves the adhesion of the second layer of varnish 18 to the transparent part 4. It also makes it possible to avoid direct contact between the second layer of varnish 18 and the transparent part 4, to which case the transparent part could be chemically attacked by the varnish.

En dehors de la zone du motif prédéfini, la pièce transparente 4 est revêtue de la couche de peinture 6, de la première couche de vernis 12, de la couche de primaire transparent 16 et de la seconde couche de vernis 18. Dans cette zone, la lumière visible ne peut être transmise de l'environnement extérieur vers la pièce transparente 4, et inversement, car elle est absorbée par la couche de peinture 6.Outside the zone of the predefined pattern, the transparent part 4 is coated with the layer of paint 6, the first layer of varnish 12, the transparent primer layer 16 and the second layer of varnish 18. In this zone, visible light cannot be transmitted from the external environment to the transparent part 4, and vice versa, because it is absorbed by the paint layer 6.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation présentés et d'autres modes de réalisation apparaîtront clairement à l'homme du métier.The invention is not limited to the embodiments presented and other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

La source de lumière peut faire partie d'un bloc optique de feux de croisement et de route du véhicule, d'un bloc optique de feux clignotant du véhicule, ou bien d'un bloc optique de feux décoratifs.The light source may form part of an optical unit for the low beam and main beam of the vehicle, of an optical unit of flashing lights of the vehicle, or else of an optical unit of decorative lights.

Alternativement, la pièce transparente peut intégrer des guides de lumière ou des sources de lumière sans bloc optique, par moulage d'insert, surmoulage, fixation par collage, soudure, rivetage ou tout autre moyen de fixation.Alternatively, the transparent part can integrate light guides or light sources without an optical unit, by insert molding, overmolding, fixing by gluing, welding, riveting or any other fixing means.

Liste des référencesList of references

  • 2 : pièce de véhicule2: vehicle part
  • 4. pièce transparente4.transparent part
  • 6 : couche de peinture6: paint coat
  • 8 : sous-couche de primaire opacifiant8: opacifying primer undercoat
  • 10 : couche de base10: base coat
  • 12 : première couche de vernis12: first coat of varnish
  • 14 : rayonnement laser14: laser radiation
  • 16 : couche de primaire transparent16: transparent primer
  • 18 : seconde couche de vernis18: second coat of varnish

Claims (9)

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de véhicule (2), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : - application d'une couche de peinture (6) sur une pièce transparente (4), - application d'une première couche de vernis (12) sur la couche de peinture (6), - irradiation partielle de la couche de peinture (6) et de la première couche de vernis (12) avec un rayonnement laser (14) de manière à graver la couche de peinture (6) et la première couche de vernis (12), - application d'une couche de primaire transparent (16) sur la première couche de vernis (12), et - application d'une seconde couche de vernis (18) sur la couche de primaire transparent (16). Method of manufacturing a vehicle part (2), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - application of a layer of paint (6) on a transparent part (4), - application of a first layer of varnish (12) on the layer of paint (6), - partial irradiation of the paint layer (6) and of the first varnish layer (12) with laser radiation (14) so as to etch the paint layer (6) and the first varnish layer (12), - application of a layer of transparent primer (16) on the first layer of varnish (12), and - application of a second layer of varnish (18) on the transparent primer layer (16). Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel on fabrique la pièce transparente (4) par moulage d'un plastique, par exemple du polycarbonate, du polypropylène ou du poly(méthacrylate de méthyle).Process according to the preceding claim, in which the transparent part (4) is manufactured by molding a plastic, for example polycarbonate, polypropylene or poly (methyl methacrylate). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le rayonnement laser (14) présente une longueur d'onde comprise dans l'infrarouge, de préférence dans l'infrarouge proche.Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the laser radiation (14) has a wavelength comprised in the infrared, preferably in the near infrared. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les première et seconde couches de vernis (12, 18) sont réalisées dans un matériau apte à absorber ou réfléchir des rayonnements ultraviolets.Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first and second varnish layers (12, 18) are made from a material capable of absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet radiation. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la première couche de vernis (12) est transparente à tout rayonnement laser présentant une longueur d'onde comprise dans l'infrarouge proche.Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first varnish layer (12) is transparent to any laser radiation having a wavelength comprised in the near infrared. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les première et seconde couches de vernis (12, 18) sont réalisées dans le même matériau.Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the first and second varnish layers (12, 18) are made of the same material. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche de peinture (6) comporte une sous-couche de primaire opacifiant (8).Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the paint layer (6) comprises an undercoat of opacifying primer (8). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel après l'étape d'irradiation, on lustre la pièce de véhicule (2).A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein after the irradiation step, the vehicle part (2) is polished. Pièce de véhicule (2), caractérisé en ce qu'elle est obtenue par la mise en œuvre d'un procédé de fabrication selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Vehicle part (2), characterized in that it is obtained by implementing a manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP20189095.1A 2019-08-05 2020-08-03 Method for manufacturing a transparent vehicle part Pending EP3772381A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4309805A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-24 Compagnie Plastic Omnium SE Method for producing a coated vehicle part
FR3138056A1 (en) * 2022-07-21 2024-01-26 Compagnie Plastic Omnium Se Process for manufacturing a vehicle part provided with a coating

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US20210039135A1 (en) 2021-02-11
CN112317278B (en) 2024-02-13
US11305312B2 (en) 2022-04-19
CN112317278A (en) 2021-02-05
FR3099713A1 (en) 2021-02-12
FR3099713B1 (en) 2023-04-14

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