EP3767348B1 - Fibre optique multimode insensible à la flexion à large bande passante - Google Patents

Fibre optique multimode insensible à la flexion à large bande passante Download PDF

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EP3767348B1
EP3767348B1 EP19789502.2A EP19789502A EP3767348B1 EP 3767348 B1 EP3767348 B1 EP 3767348B1 EP 19789502 A EP19789502 A EP 19789502A EP 3767348 B1 EP3767348 B1 EP 3767348B1
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core layer
range
wavelength
fiber
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EP3767348A1 (fr
EP3767348A4 (fr
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Wufeng XIAO
Rong Huang
Haiying Wang
Runhan WANG
Honghai Wang
Ruichun WANG
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Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G02B6/0281—Graded index region forming part of the central core segment, e.g. alpha profile, triangular, trapezoidal core
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
    • G02B6/0288—Multimode fibre, e.g. graded index core for compensating modal dispersion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
    • G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
    • G02B6/0365—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - - +

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a high-bandwidth bend-insensitive multimode fiber, and belongs to the technical field of optical communication.
  • category A1 fibers are multimode fibers, and the category A1 fibers are divided, according to geometric construction thereof, into category A1a fibers, category A1b fibers, and category A1d fibers.
  • the category A1 fibers are fibers having a graded refractive index of 50/125 ⁇ m; the category A1b fibers are fibers having a graded refractive index of 62.5/125 ⁇ m; and the category A1d fibers are fibers having a graded refractive index of 100/140 ⁇ m.
  • the category A1 fibers are currently the most widely used category of multimode fibers in commercial use, and are further divided, according to bandwidth performance in an ascending order, into category A1a.1 fibers, category A1a.2 fibers, and category A1a.3 fibers, which respectively correspond to cabled fiber types OM2, OM3, and OM4 in the ISO/IEC standard.
  • Multimode fibers have become a high-quality solution for short-distance high-speed transmission networks due to its advantage of low system cost, and they have been widely used in data centers, office centers, high-performance computing centers, storage area networks and so on.
  • Application scenarios of the multimode fibers are often integrated systems such as narrow cabinets and distribution boxes in which the fibers will have small bending radiuses.
  • a conventional multimode fiber is bent at a small radius, high-order modes transmitted near an edge of a fiber core can easily leak out, thereby causing signal loss.
  • a low refractive index area can be added in a fiber cladding to limit leakage of the high-order modes so as to minimize the signal loss. Due to their excellent bending insensitivity, bend-insensitive multimode fibers are efficiently applied in data center local area networks.
  • Intermodal dispersion in a multimode fiber greatly limits a transmission distance that can be supported by the multimode fiber.
  • a refractive index profile of a core layer of the multimode fiber needs to be designed to have a refractive index distribution in which the refractive index continuously and gradually decreases from a center to an edge of the core layer, and usually we call it the " ⁇ profile".
  • the refractive index distribution of the core layer of the multimode fiber is realized by adding a dopant (such as GeO2, F, B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SnO 2 ) having a certain concentration and a refractive index adjustment function into SiO 2 .
  • a dopant such as GeO2, F, B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , SnO 2
  • the multimode fiber obtained by designing in this way can support high-speed transmission of hundreds of meters. For example, with a laser light source of 850 nm, a single OM4 multimode fiber can support transmission of Ethernet traffic at a speed of 10 Gb/s for more than 550m, and support transmission at a speed of 40 Gb/s for more than 150m.
  • the bandwidth of the single OM4 multimode fiber has approached an upper limit of a multimode fiber.
  • a transmission distance that the OM4 multimode fiber can support will be greatly shortened.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology is an effective means to further increase the capacity of the multimode fiber so as to adapt to a transmission system with a higher speed.
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • the fiber For example, four wavelengths of 25 Gb/s are combined and transmitted through one multimode fiber, so that performance of transmission at a speed of 100Gb/s for more than 150m supported by a single multimode fiber can be realized. That is, the capacity of the single multimode fiber is increased to 4 times of the original.
  • the WDM technology is to be used in a multimode fiber, it is required that the fiber be capable of supporting high-performance transmission in multiple wavelength windows.
  • the multimode fiber can achieve high bandwidth performance.
  • the bandwidth performance herein refers to the over-filled launch bandwidth (OFL Bandwidth) of the fiber, which is measured by using the FOTP-204 standard test method specified in the TIA. Studies show that when the refractive index profile of the multimode fiber is constant, the multimode fiber tends to show higher bandwidth performance in a specific wavelength window only; and when a fiber application window is moved to a larger or smaller wavelength, the bandwidth performance would be significantly reduced.
  • the multimode fiber is compatible with the existing OM3/OM4 multimode fibers, has lower bandwidth-wavelength sensitivity so as to meet requirements of applying the WDM technology within a certain wavelength range, and can also have excellent bending insensitivity to meet new requirements for the multimode fiber with the advancement of the transmission technology.
  • germanium doping is performed at the core layer of the multimode fiber so that a refractive index profile similar to a parabola is formed, and a high bandwidth is realized by optimizing the value of ⁇ of the profile.
  • the optimal value of ⁇ is sensitive to the operating wavelength of the light propagating in the fiber. Therefore, the bandwidth of the conventional multimode fiber is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the value of ⁇ of the core layer, and a slight deviation from the optimal value of ⁇ will result in a decrease in the bandwidth, which makes the high-bandwidth operating wavelength range of the conventional multimode fiber very narrow.
  • germanium is a metal atom with a relatively large radius
  • a relatively high doping amount thereof can lead to great attenuation in the fiber.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing technology requires that the fiber be capable of supporting high-performance transmission in multiple wavelength windows, and therefore the multimode fiber needs to be insensitive to the operating wavelength in a wider range so as to ensure that there is a larger high-bandwidth operating window.
  • a core layer doped with multiple components can have smaller chromatic dispersion by optimizing the types and the concentrations of doping components and the manner of doping, and thus can have a higher bandwidth in a wider range.
  • US 2016/363725 A1 relates to multimode optical fibers designed to fulfill the high bit rate requirements of next generation 400 GbE systems.
  • US 2015/253499 A1 relates to the design and manufacture of such fibers for broadband applications, including coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM).
  • CWDM coarse wavelength division multiplexing
  • the present disclosure aims to provide a high-bandwidth bend-insensitive multimode fiber which has reasonable material composition and structural design of a core layer and a cladding and is convenient for process control.
  • the beneficial effects of the present disclosure lie in the following aspects.
  • the present disclosure realizes optimization of bandwidth performance of optical transmission by optimizing a doping amount of fluorine in the core layer, so that bandwidth-wavelength sensitivity is reduced while the bandwidth performance is improved.
  • the core layer of the fiber is co-doped by Ge, P, and F and has an increased concentration of phosphorus and a reduced concentration of germanium, which helps to improve a chromatic dispersion property of a material of the core layer and reduce chromatic dispersion so as to further improve the bandwidth performance and reduce attenuation in the fiber.
  • the concentration of P in the core layer is relatively constant, and a concentration difference thereof is very small, the concentration of P at the center and the concentration of P at the edge being substantially the same; and a graded refractive index of the core layer is achieved by performing precise control on Ge and F. 4.
  • the inner cladding is divided into a platform area and a graded area according to doping of P.
  • the platform area avoids deformation of the profile of the core layer resulting from diffusion of P caused by a concentration difference of P between two sides at the boundary of the core layer and the inner cladding. That is, a part of the cladding close to the core layer has the same concentration of P as the core layer, so as to avoid diffusion of P between the core layer and the cladding.
  • the graded area is mainly formed by graded doping and diffusion of P.
  • the graded area conforms to the Fick's Law, and doping of P may gradually increases or decreases. Gradually increased P in the graded area may also be used as an adjuvant for adjusting viscosity matching, so as to improve the viscosity matching between materials of the inner cladding and the depressed cladding. 5.
  • the fiber of the present disclosure not only is compatible with an existing OM3/OM4 multimode fiber, but also can support the wavelength division multiplexing technology in a wavelength range of 850 nm to 950 nm. 6.
  • the depressed cladding is designed with reasonable parameters, which improves bend-insensitivity performance of the fiber. 7.
  • the fiber of the present disclosure has excellent bend-insensitivity performance, and is suitable for access networks and miniaturized optical devices.
  • the present disclosure makes it possible to further improve the transmission capacity of the multimode fiber, which meets rapidly growing network demands for data traffic and is of great significance to application of the optical communication technology.
  • the manufacturing method of present disclosure is simple and convenient, and thus the present disclosure is suitable for large-scale production.
  • the high-bandwidth bend-insensitive multimode fiber includes a core layer and a cladding including an inner cladding, a depressed cladding, and an outer cladding arranged sequentially from inside to outside.
  • the core layer has a refractive index profile in a shape of a parabola, a distribution index ⁇ , and a radius R1.
  • a center of the core layer has a maximum relative refractive index difference ⁇ 1 max in a range of 0.9% to 1.2%.
  • the core layer is a silicon dioxide glass layer co-doped with germanium (Ge), phosphorus (P), and fluorine (F). P and Ge are used as positive dopants.
  • a contribution amount of P at the center of the core layer is ⁇ P0.
  • a contribution amount of P at a boundary between the core layer and the inner cladding is ⁇ P1.
  • a content of P at the center of the core layer is consistent with that at the edge of the core layer. That is, a concentration difference between a concentration of P at the center of the core layer and a concentration of P at the edge of the core layer is kept as small as possible.
  • F is used in the core layer as a negative dopant. A doping amount of F increases from the center of the core layer to the edge of the core layer.
  • a contribution amount of F at the center of the core layer is ⁇ F0, and a contribution amount of F at the edge of the core layer is ⁇ F1.
  • the inner cladding is a silicon dioxide glass layer co-doped with phosphorus (P) and fluorine (F).
  • a contribution amount of F in the inner cladding, i.e., ⁇ F2 is in a range of -0.18% to -0.08%.
  • a contribution amount of P at an outer edge of the inner cladding, i.e., ⁇ P2 is in a range of 0 % to 0.40%.
  • the inner cladding has a radius R2 and a relative refractive index difference ⁇ 2.
  • the depressed cladding has a radius R3 and a relative refractive index difference ⁇ 3.
  • the outer cladding is a pure silicon dioxide glass layer, and has a radius of 62.5 ⁇ m.
  • Macrobending additional loss was measured according to the method of FOTP-62 (IEC 60793-1-47).
  • a fiber to be measured was bent into a circle with a certain diameter (for example, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm, and so on), and was then released.
  • a change between an optical power before the bending and an optical power after the bending was measured, and was used as the macrobending additional loss of the fiber.
  • the measurement was conducted at an encircled flux launch condition.
  • the encircled flux launch condition could be achieved by the following method.
  • An ordinary multimode fiber having a length of 2 meters and a core diameter of 50 ⁇ m was fused to a leading end of the fiber to be measured, and the fiber to be measured was bent at a middle part thereof to form a circle having a diameter of 25 mm.
  • an over-filled launch light source flooded the fiber with light, an encircled flux launch condition was formed in the fiber to be measured.
  • the over-filled launch bandwidth was measured according to the method of FOTP-204 and at an over-filled launch condition.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure, comprenant une couche de cœur et une gaine comprenant une gaine interne et une gaine externe agencées en séquence de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, dans laquelle la couche de cœur présente un profil d'indice de réfraction en forme de parabole, un indice de distribution α compris dans une plage de 2,0 à 2,3, un premier rayon (R1) compris dans une plage de 23 µm à 27 µm, et une différence d'indice de réfraction relative maximum Δlmax comprise dans une plage de 0,9% à 1,2% au centre de la couche de cœur, et la couche de cœur est une couche de verre de dioxyde de silicium co-dopée du germanium Ge, du phosphore P et du fluor F,
    dans laquelle la gaine interne a un deuxième rayon (R2),
    dans laquelle P et Ge sont utilisés comme dopants positifs ; une quantité de contribution de P au centre de la couche de cœur, ΔP0, est comprise dans une plage de 0,01% à 0,30% ; une quantité de contribution de P à une limite entre la couche de cœur et la gaine interne, ΔP1, est comprise dans une plage de 0,01% à 0,30% ; une différence entre la quantité de contribution de P au centre de la couche de cœur et la quantité de contribution de P à un bord de la couche de cœur est ΔP10, où Δ P 10 = 2 Δ P 1 − Δ P 0 ΔP 1 + ΔP 0
    Figure imgb0009
    , ΔP10 étant inférieure ou égale à 5% ; et une teneur en P au centre de la couche de cœur est identique à une teneur en P au bord de la couche de cœur,
    dans laquelle F est utilisé comme un dopant négatif ; une quantité de dopage de F augmente à partir du centre de la couche de cœur jusqu'au bord de la couche de cœur ; et une quantité de contribution de F au centre de la couche de cœur, ΔF0, est comprise dans une plage de 0,0% à -0,1%, et une quantité de contribution de F au bord de la couche de cœur, ΔF1, est comprise dans une plage de -0,40% à -0,20%,
    dans laquelle la gaine interne est une couche de verre de dioxyde de silicium co-dopée du phosphore P et du fluor F, dans laquelle une quantité de contribution de dopage de F, ΔF2, est comprise dans une plage de -0,18% à -0,08% ; une quantité de contribution de P à un bord externe de la gaine interne, ΔP2, est comprise dans une plage de 0% à 0,40% ; et une différence entre la quantité de contribution de P à la limite entre la couche de cœur et la gaine interne et la quantité de contribution de P au bord externe de la gaine interne est ΔP21, où ΔP21=ΔP2-ΔP1, ΔP21 étant comprise dans une plage de -0,3% à -0,01% ou dans une plage de 0,01% à 0,20%,
    caractérisée en ce que la gaine comprend en outre une gaine en creux,
    et que la gaine interne est divisée en une zone de plate-forme et une zone graduée de l'intérieur à l'extérieur avec la variation d'une concentration de P, dans laquelle la concentration de P dans la zone de plate-forme reste sensiblement constante, puis la concentration de P augmente ou baisse progressivement, la zone de plate-forme ayant une largeur T1 comprise dans une plage de 0,1 µm à 2 µm, et la zone graduée ayant une largeur T2 comprise dans une plage de 2 µm à 4 µm; la gaine interne a une largeur comprise dans une plage de 1,0 µm à 5,0 µm, la largeur de la gaine interne correspondant à une différence entre le deuxième rayon (R2) et le premier rayon (R1) ; et la gaine interne a une différence d'indice de réfraction relative Δ2, où Δ2=ΔP2+ΔF2, ΔF2 dans la zone de plate-forme et la zone graduée garantissant que Δ2 soit comprise dans une plage de -0,09% à 0,09%.
  2. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la gaine en creux a un troisième rayon (R3) et a une largeur comprise dans une plage de 3,0 µm à 7,0 µm, la largeur de la gaine en creux correspondant à une différence entre le troisième rayon (R3) et le deuxième rayon (R2), et a une différence d'indice de réfraction relative Δ3 comprise dans une plage de -0,9% à -0,3% ; et la gaine externe est une couche de verre de dioxyde de silicium pur.
  3. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle un masque interne avec un rayon de 5 µm à 18 µm de retard en mode différentiel, DMD, et un masque externe avec un rayon de 0 µm à 23 µm de DMD de la fibre optique sont tous inférieurs ou égaux à 0,33 ps/m ; et un masque d'intervalle de DMD de la fibre optique est inférieur ou égal à 0,25 ps/m.
  4. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la fibre optique a une ouverture numérique comprise dans une plage de 0,185 à 0,215.
  5. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la fibre optique a une largeur de bande de 3500 MHz-km ou supérieure à 3500 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 850 nm, a une largeur de bande de 2000 MHz-km ou supérieure à 2000 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 950 nm, et a largeur de bande de 500 MHz-km ou supérieure à 500 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 1300 nm.
  6. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la fibre optique a une largeur de bande de 5000 MHz-km ou supérieure à 5000 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 850 nm, a une largeur de bande de 3300 MHz-km ou supérieure à 3300 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 950 nm, et a largeur de bande de 600 MHz-km ou supérieure à 600 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 1300 nm.
  7. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la fibre optique a une largeur de bande modale effective de 4700 MHz-km ou supérieure à 4700 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 850 nm, a une largeur de bande modale effective de 3400 MHz-km ou supérieure à 3400 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 875 nm, a une largeur de bande modale effective de 2900 MHz-km ou supérieure à 2900 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 900 nm, a une largeur de bande modale effective de 2800 MHz-km ou supérieure à 2800 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 925 nm, et a une largeur de bande modale effective de 2500 MHz-km ou supérieure à 2500 MHz-km à une longueur d'onde de 950 nm.
  8. Fibre optique de multimode insensible à la courbure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle une perte de courbure supplémentaire de la fibre optique à une longueur d'onde de 850 nm causée par un courbage de la fibre optique en deux cercles avec un rayon de courbure de 7,5 mm est inférieure à 0,2 dB ; et la perte de courbure supplémentaire de la fibre optique à une longueur d'onde de 1300 nm causée par un courbage de la fibre optique en deux cercles avec un rayon de courbure de 7,5 mm est inférieure à 0,5 dB.
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US11841530B2 (en) 2023-12-12
CN108375815B (zh) 2020-08-25
WO2019201147A1 (fr) 2019-10-24
PL3767348T3 (pl) 2022-09-19
EP3767348A1 (fr) 2021-01-20
US20210165159A1 (en) 2021-06-03
EP3767348A4 (fr) 2021-04-21

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