EP3761336A1 - Encapsulated quenching chamber - Google Patents
Encapsulated quenching chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3761336A1 EP3761336A1 EP20183952.9A EP20183952A EP3761336A1 EP 3761336 A1 EP3761336 A1 EP 3761336A1 EP 20183952 A EP20183952 A EP 20183952A EP 3761336 A1 EP3761336 A1 EP 3761336A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- extinguishing gas
- contacts
- switch
- extinguishing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101150038956 cup-4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYRWEQXVUNLMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroketone group Chemical group FC(=O)F IYRWEQXVUNLMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
- H01H33/121—Load break switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
- H01H33/7084—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by movable parts influencing the gas flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switch disconnector, in particular for medium-voltage switchgear, with an encapsulated extinguishing chamber containing an extinguishing gas, a first contact and a second contact being provided in the extinguishing chamber, at least the first contact being movable relative to the second contact so that the contacts can be separated from each other and brought into connection with each other, and a compression chamber containing extinguishing gas, which is reduced in size by a piston during the separation of the contacts, and at least one extinguishing gas channel emanating from the compression chamber with a nozzle which is suitable for extinguishing gas in the direction of a separation distance between to direct the contacts.
- Switch disconnectors are known and are widely used in medium-voltage systems. When the contacts of switch disconnectors are disconnected under load, switching arcs occur between the contacts, which can cause thermal damage to the contacts and must therefore be extinguished quickly. To extinguish the arcs, the contacts are arranged in a chamber which is usually filled with an extinguishing gas. The extinguishing gas not only serves to isolate the separated contacts, but it is also used to blow and cool a switching arc during switching. Due to its extremely good insulating properties, SF 6 has so far been used as the extinguishing gas. Due to the high global warming potential of SF 6, there are considerable efforts to replace SF 6 with other insulation gases or insulation gas mixtures such as gas mixtures containing fluoroketones or fluoronitriles. However, these gas mixtures generally have poorer insulation properties.
- a switch disconnector is known with a container containing an extinguishing gas at a so-called ambient pressure and switch contacts arranged therein, one of which is linearly movable.
- the switch also has a compression chamber arranged in the container, in which extinguishing gas is compressed by a piston connected to the movable contact while the switch contacts are being separated.
- the extinguishing gas is led through a channel in the direction of a separating distance between the opening contacts in order to blow a switching arc that forms when the contacts are separated.
- the nozzle at the end of the channel is designed in such a way that the extinguishing gas is blown essentially radially onto the separating distance from all sides. This creates a stagnation point through which the arc is to be constricted, thereby cooled and ultimately extinguished.
- One object of the present invention is to create a compact switch-disconnector which enables a switching arc to be extinguished easily and efficiently.
- a switch disconnector with the features of claim 1 in that the encapsulated extinguishing chamber is divided by the piston into a switching space in which the contacts can be brought into contact with one another and the compression space, and that the at least one extinguishing gas channel is Compression chamber connects to the switch room, the nozzle being provided at the switch room end of the extinguishing gas channel and being oriented at an angle in the range from 10 to 45 ° to the separating distance.
- an isolating distance is understood to mean the clear distance that exists between the contact pair when the switch is open, the distance being defined for a contact pair with a movable contact by the path of a central point, the intersection of a central axis of the movable contact with is a plane which runs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable contact and through an area in which the movable contact can be in contact with the other contact of the contact pair. If both contacts of the contact pair are movable, the isolating distance is defined by the path of the central points of both movable contacts. The route can be linear or curved.
- the essence of the invention consists in blowing a switching arc in a targeted manner via the flow of the quenching gas directed according to the claims.
- the flow replaces the ionized extinguishing gas that conducts the switching arc with the not yet ionized extinguishing gas.
- the switching arc is extinguished extremely efficiently when the flow is incident on the isolating distance at an acute angle of 10 to 45 °.
- the flow is generated in particular by the fact that the extinguishing gas is compressed in the compression chamber during the switching process.
- the extinguishing gas can be compressed in that a wall of the compression space is coupled to the movement of the at least one movable contact.
- the piston dividing the quenching chamber can expediently be provided with a be coupled movable contact so that the piston moves when the movable contact moves.
- the at least one extinguishing gas channel runs through the piston.
- the first contact can be surrounded by a sleeve in which the at least one quenching gas channel is arranged.
- the sleeve can preferably be firmly connected to the first contact that it surrounds, and thus also to the piston, and in particular be formed in one piece therewith.
- the sleeve can be provided in a stationary manner in the chamber, so that the first contact moves within the sleeve, the piston then preferably being firmly connected to the first contact.
- the at least one extinguishing gas channel can, for example, be guided past the contact as a comparatively narrow channel tube or partially or completely encompass one of the contacts like a ring.
- several extinguishing gas channels are provided, which are arranged around one of the contacts, in particular evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that a switching arc is uniformly blown with extinguishing gas from several sides. It is also advantageous if the nozzles of the channels are arranged in two or more planes lying one behind the other in the axial direction of one of the contacts. As a result, a larger area of the isolating distance can be blown comparatively evenly with extinguishing gas.
- the first contact has a contact pin and the second contact has a tulip contact.
- Cooperating contact pairs consisting of contact pin and tulip contact are known per se. Usually, when the contacts are closed, the contact pin moves into the tulip contact with a linear movement. If the tulip is designed as a movable contact, the central point defining the separating distance lies in a plane which runs through the contact points of the contact fingers of the tulip contact and on the central longitudinal axis of the tulip contact.
- the invention is of particular advantage in the case of contact pairs made up of a contact pin and a tulip, since the switching arc usually does not run along the isolating distance, but rather at an angle to it from the contact pin to the Contact surfaces of the tulip contact runs so that the quenching gas flow crosses a switching arc.
- the relative movement of the contact pin and tulip contact to one another is usually axial.
- the tulip contact sits in a cup, in the wall of which, in particular the side wall, at least one opening connecting the interior of the cup to the surroundings of the cup in the switch room is provided. If the contacts are separated from one another, this creates a negative pressure not only in the switch room, but especially within the tulip contact, by which the extinguishing gas flow guided through the channels is accelerated even further.
- the switch disconnector according to the invention is preferably designed precisely with a first and a second contact.
- FIG 1 an inventive switch disconnector is shown in the open switch position.
- FIG 2 the same switch-disconnector is shown in a switching position during the opening or closing of the switch.
- the switch-disconnector has an encapsulated extinguishing chamber 1 containing an extinguishing gas.
- a first contact with a contact pin 2 and a second contact with a tulip contact 4 arranged in a cup 3 are provided in the quenching chamber.
- the contact pin 2 is arranged at the front end of a bolt 5, which is passed through the bottom wall 6 of the arcing chamber 1 and the lower end of which forms a first switch pole 7.
- the tulip contact 4 is connected to an outside of the arcing chamber 1 arranged switch pole 8 electrically connected.
- Both contacts are arranged concentrically to a longitudinal axis L, in the direction of which the bolt 5 is axially movable, so that the contact pin 2 can be inserted into the tulip contact 4 to establish a conductive connection, and the contact pin 2 and tulip contact 4 can be separated from each other again .
- a shoulder is formed at the transition between contact pin 2 and pin 4.
- a piston 9 is seated on the shoulder and separates the extinguishing chamber 1 into a switching space 11, in which the contact pin 2 and tulip contact 4 are arranged, and a compression space 12.
- the piston 9 is connected in a gas-tight manner to a sleeve 13 which extends concentrically around the contact pin 2 and projects beyond it.
- the inside diameter of the sleeve 13 is such that it encloses the cup 3 when the contact pin 2 moves into the tulip contact 4.
- the compression space 12 is connected to the switching space 11 via a multiplicity of extinguishing gas ducts 14, 15 which are guided through the piston 9 and the sleeve 13.
- the extinguishing gas ducts 14, 15 starting from their end on the compression chamber side, initially run parallel to the longitudinal axis L and then bend at an obtuse angle towards the longitudinal axis L so that their longitudinal axis extends to their outlet opening 16, 17 (nozzle) on the Inside of the sleeve 11 run at an acute angle ⁇ , ⁇ to the longitudinal axis L and thus to the separating distance T.
- the angle ⁇ , ⁇ of the longitudinal axis of the extinguishing gas duct in the area of its outlet opening (nozzle) to the longitudinal axis L and thus to the separating distance between the opened contacts is preferably in a range of about 10 to 45 °, the exit angle of all nozzles 16, 17 being the same, but can also be different from each other.
- the nozzles 16, 17 are arranged on the inside of the sleeve 13 in two planes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, with the nozzles 16, 17 of the planes each being arranged evenly offset to one another, so that the separation distance is blown with extinguishing gas over a wider area, wherein the top of the two nozzle planes in the illustration intersects the rounded head of the contact pin 2.
- Figure 4 shows a second contact formed with a tulip contact in a preferred embodiment.
- the tulip contact sits with its contact fingers 21 in a cup 22, on the open end of which an annular erosion contact 23 is provided.
- the cup 22 has near its bottom distributed over its circumference several openings 24a, 24b, 24c which connect the interior of the cup 22 with the environment of the contact.
- the through-openings in the cup also ensure that the extinguishing gas flow from the nozzles 16, 17 can flow through the cup 4, 22 relatively unhindered. There is no significant dynamic pressure at the end of the cup opening which opposes the flow of the extinguishing gas from the nozzles 16, 17. As a result, the flow rate of the extinguishing gas emerging from the nozzles 16, 17 can be maximized.
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- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lasttrennschalter, insbesondere für Mittelspannungsschaltanlagen, mit einer gekapselten, ein Löschgas enthaltenden Löschkammer, wobei in der Löschkammer ein erster Kontakt und ein zweiter Kontakt vorgesehen sind, wobei mindestens der erste Kontakt relativ zum zweiten Kontakt beweglich ist, so dass die Kontakte voneinander getrennt und miteinander in Verbindung gebracht werden können, und einem Löschgas enthaltenden Kompressionsraum, der während des Trennens der Kontakte durch einen Kolben verkleinert wird, und mindestens einen von dem Kompressionsraum ausgehenden Löschgaskanal mit einer Düse, die geeignet ist, Löschgas in Richtung einer Trennstrecke zwischen den Kontakten zu lenken.Ein derartiger Lasttrennschalter, der kompakt aufgebaut ist und eine einfache und effiziente Löschung eines Schaltlichtbogens ermöglicht, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gekapselte Löschkammer durch den Kolben in einen Schaltraum, in dem die Kontakte miteinander in Kontakt gebracht werden können, und den Kompressionsraum unterteilt ist, und dass der mindestens eine Löschgaskanal den Kompressionsraum mit dem Schaltraum verbindet, wobei die Düse am schaltraumseitigen Ende des Löschgaskanals vorgesehen ist und in einem Winkel im Bereich von 10 bis 45° zur Trennstrecke ausgerichtet ist.The invention relates to a switch-disconnector, in particular for medium-voltage switchgear, with an encapsulated extinguishing chamber containing an extinguishing gas, a first contact and a second contact being provided in the extinguishing chamber, at least the first contact being movable relative to the second contact so that the contacts are separated from one another separated and can be brought into communication with each other, and a compression chamber containing extinguishing gas, which is reduced in size by a piston during the separation of the contacts, and at least one extinguishing gas channel emanating from the compression chamber with a nozzle which is suitable for extinguishing gas in the direction of a separation distance between the Such a switch-disconnector, which has a compact design and enables a switching arc to be extinguished easily and efficiently, is characterized in that the encapsulated arcing chamber is inserted through the piston into a switching room in which the contacts are in contact with one another and that the compression chamber is subdivided, and that the at least one extinguishing gas channel connects the compression chamber with the switching room, the nozzle being provided at the switching room end of the extinguishing gas channel and being oriented at an angle in the range of 10 to 45 ° to the separating distance.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Lasttrennschalter, insbesondere für Mittelspannungsschaltanlagen, mit einer gekapselten, ein Löschgas enthaltenden Löschkammer, wobei in der Löschkammer ein erster Kontakt und ein zweiter Kontakt vorgesehen sind, wobei mindestens der erste Kontakt relativ zum zweiten Kontakt beweglich ist, so dass die Kontakte voneinander getrennt und miteinander in Verbindung gebracht werden können, und einem Löschgas enthaltenden Kompressionsraum, der während des Trennens der Kontakte durch einen Kolben verkleinert wird, und mindestens einen von dem Kompressionsraum ausgehenden Löschgaskanal mit einer Düse, die geeignet ist, Löschgas in Richtung einer Trennstrecke zwischen den Kontakten zu lenken.The present invention relates to a switch disconnector, in particular for medium-voltage switchgear, with an encapsulated extinguishing chamber containing an extinguishing gas, a first contact and a second contact being provided in the extinguishing chamber, at least the first contact being movable relative to the second contact so that the contacts can be separated from each other and brought into connection with each other, and a compression chamber containing extinguishing gas, which is reduced in size by a piston during the separation of the contacts, and at least one extinguishing gas channel emanating from the compression chamber with a nozzle which is suitable for extinguishing gas in the direction of a separation distance between to direct the contacts.
Lasttrennschalter sind bekannt und werden vielfach in Mittelspannungsanlagen eingesetzt. Beim Trennen der Kontakte von Lasttrennschaltern unter Last entstehen Schaltlichtbögen zwischen den Kontakten, die an den Kontakten thermische Schäden verursachen können und daher zügig gelöscht werden müssen. Zum Löschen der Lichtbögen sind die Kontakte in einer Kammer angeordnet, die üblicherweise mit einem Löschgas gefüllt ist. Das Löschgas dient dabei nicht nur der Isolation der voneinander getrennten Kontakte, sondern es wird auch eingesetzt, um einen Schaltlichtbogen während des Schaltens zu beblasen und zu kühlen. Als Löschgas wurde wegen seiner extrem guten Isolationseigenschaften bislang überwiegend SF6 eingesetzt. Aufgrund des hohen Erderwärmungspotentials von SF6 gibt es erhebliche Bestrebungen, SF6 durch andere Isolationsgase oder Isolationsgasgemische zu ersetzen wie beispielsweise Gasgemische, die Fluorketone oder Fluornitrile enthalten. Diese Gasgemische haben aber in aller Regel schlechtere Isolationseigenschaften.Switch disconnectors are known and are widely used in medium-voltage systems. When the contacts of switch disconnectors are disconnected under load, switching arcs occur between the contacts, which can cause thermal damage to the contacts and must therefore be extinguished quickly. To extinguish the arcs, the contacts are arranged in a chamber which is usually filled with an extinguishing gas. The extinguishing gas not only serves to isolate the separated contacts, but it is also used to blow and cool a switching arc during switching. Due to its extremely good insulating properties, SF 6 has so far been used as the extinguishing gas. Due to the high global warming potential of SF 6, there are considerable efforts to replace SF 6 with other insulation gases or insulation gas mixtures such as gas mixtures containing fluoroketones or fluoronitriles. However, these gas mixtures generally have poorer insulation properties.
Aus der
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen kompakten Lasttrennschalter zu schaffen, der eine einfache und effiziente Löschung eines Schaltlichtbogens ermöglicht.One object of the present invention is to create a compact switch-disconnector which enables a switching arc to be extinguished easily and efficiently.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Lasttrennschalter mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass die gekapselte Löschkammer durch den Kolben in einen Schaltraum, in dem die Kontakte miteinander in Kontakt gebracht werden können, und den Kompressionsraum unterteilt ist, und dass der mindestens eine Löschgaskanal den Kompressionsraum mit dem Schaltraum verbindet, wobei die Düse am schaltraumseitigen Ende des Löschgaskanals vorgesehen ist und in einem Winkel im Bereich von 10 bis 45° zur Trennstrecke ausgerichtet ist.This object is achieved by a switch disconnector with the features of
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the features of the subclaims.
Unter einer Trennstrecke wird hier und im Folgenden die lichte Strecke verstanden, die zwischen dem Kontaktpaar bei geöffnetem Schalter besteht, wobei die Strecke bei einem Kontaktpaar mit einem beweglichen Kontakt durch den Weg eines zentralen Punktes definiert wird, der Schnittpunkt einer zentralen Achse des beweglichen Kontaktes mit einer Ebene ist, die senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung des beweglichen Kontaktes und durch einen Bereich verläuft, in dem der bewegliche Kontakt mit dem anderen Kontakt des Kontaktpaares in Kontakt stehen kann. Sind beide Kontakte des Kontaktpaares beweglich, wird die Trennstrecke durch den Weg der zentralen Punkte beider beweglichen Kontakte definiert. Die Strecke kann linear oder gekrümmt sein.Here and below, an isolating distance is understood to mean the clear distance that exists between the contact pair when the switch is open, the distance being defined for a contact pair with a movable contact by the path of a central point, the intersection of a central axis of the movable contact with is a plane which runs perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable contact and through an area in which the movable contact can be in contact with the other contact of the contact pair. If both contacts of the contact pair are movable, the isolating distance is defined by the path of the central points of both movable contacts. The route can be linear or curved.
Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, über die anspruchsgemäß gerichtete Strömung des Löschgases einen Schaltlichtbogen gezielt zu beblasen. Durch die Strömung wird das ionisierte Löschgas, das den Schaltlichtbogen leitet, durch das noch nicht ionisierte Löschgas ersetzt. Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, dass durch eine Anströmung der Trennstrecke in einem spitzen Winkel von 10 bis 45° das Löschen des Schaltlichtbogens äußerst effizient erfolgt.The essence of the invention consists in blowing a switching arc in a targeted manner via the flow of the quenching gas directed according to the claims. The flow replaces the ionized extinguishing gas that conducts the switching arc with the not yet ionized extinguishing gas. Surprisingly, it has been found that the switching arc is extinguished extremely efficiently when the flow is incident on the isolating distance at an acute angle of 10 to 45 °.
Die Strömung wird insbesondere dadurch erzeugt, dass das Löschgas im Kompressionsraum während des Schaltvorgangs komprimiert wird. Das Komprimieren des Löschgases kann dadurch erfolgen, dass eine Wandung des Kompressionsraums mit der Bewegung des mindestens einen beweglichen Kontakts gekoppelt ist. Zweckmäßigerweise kann der die Löschkammer unterteilende Kolben mit einem beweglichen Kontakt gekoppelt sein, so dass sich der Kolben bewegt, wenn sich der bewegliche Kontakt bewegt. Beim Trennen der geschlossenen Kontakte wird dabei der Kompressionsraum verkleinert und das darin befindliche Löschgas komprimiert, während sich der Schaltraum vergrößert und ein Unterdruck relativ zum vorherigen Druck im Schaltraum erzeugt wird, so dass die Strömung des Löschgases nicht nur durch den Überdruck im Kompressionsraum, sondern auch durch den Unterdruck im Schaltraum beschleunigt wirdThe flow is generated in particular by the fact that the extinguishing gas is compressed in the compression chamber during the switching process. The extinguishing gas can be compressed in that a wall of the compression space is coupled to the movement of the at least one movable contact. The piston dividing the quenching chamber can expediently be provided with a be coupled movable contact so that the piston moves when the movable contact moves. When the closed contacts are separated, the compression space is reduced and the extinguishing gas contained therein is compressed, while the switching space is enlarged and a negative pressure is generated relative to the previous pressure in the switching space, so that the flow of the extinguishing gas is not only caused by the overpressure in the compression space, but also is accelerated by the negative pressure in the control room
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform verläuft der mindestens eine Löschgaskanal durch den Kolben. Alternativ oder in Ergänzung hierzu kann der erste Kontakt von einer Hülse umgeben sein, in der der mindestens eine Löschgaskanal angeordnet ist. Dabei kann die Hülse vorzugsweise mit dem ersten Kontakt, den sie umgibt, und damit auch mit dem Kolben fest verbunden und insbesondere damit einstückig ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann die Hülse ortsfest in der Kammer vorgesehen sein, so dass sich der erste Kontakt innerhalb der Hülse bewegt, wobei dann der Kolben vorzugsweise fest mit dem ersten Kontakt verbunden ist.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one extinguishing gas channel runs through the piston. As an alternative or in addition to this, the first contact can be surrounded by a sleeve in which the at least one quenching gas channel is arranged. The sleeve can preferably be firmly connected to the first contact that it surrounds, and thus also to the piston, and in particular be formed in one piece therewith. Alternatively, the sleeve can be provided in a stationary manner in the chamber, so that the first contact moves within the sleeve, the piston then preferably being firmly connected to the first contact.
Der mindestens eine Löschgaskanal kann beispielsweise als vergleichsweise schmale Kanalröhre am Kontakt vorbeigeführt sein oder einen der Kontakte ringartig teilweise oder vollständig umgreifen. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind mehrere Löschgaskanäle vorgesehen, die, insbesondere in Umfangsrichtung gleichmäßig verteilt, um einen der Kontakte herum angeordnet sind, so dass ein Schaltlichtbogen von mehreren Seiten gleichmäßig mit Löschgas beblasen wird. Dabei ist es im Weiteren von Vorteil, wenn die Düsen der Kanäle in zwei oder mehreren in axialer Richtung eines der Kontakte hintereinander liegenden Ebenen angeordnet sind. Dadurch kann ein größerer Bereich der Trennstrecke vergleichsweise gleichmäßig mit Löschgas beblasen werden.The at least one extinguishing gas channel can, for example, be guided past the contact as a comparatively narrow channel tube or partially or completely encompass one of the contacts like a ring. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, several extinguishing gas channels are provided, which are arranged around one of the contacts, in particular evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that a switching arc is uniformly blown with extinguishing gas from several sides. It is also advantageous if the nozzles of the channels are arranged in two or more planes lying one behind the other in the axial direction of one of the contacts. As a result, a larger area of the isolating distance can be blown comparatively evenly with extinguishing gas.
In einer einfachen Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der erste Kontakt einen Kontaktstift und der zweite Kontakt einen Tulpenkontakt auf. Zusammenwirkende Kontaktpaare bestehend aus Kontaktstift und Tulpenkontakt sind an sich bekannt, Üblicherweise fährt der Kontaktstift beim Schließen der Kontakte mit einer linearen Bewegung in den Tulpenkontakt ein. Ist die Tulpe als beweglicher Kontakt ausgebildet, liegt der die Trennstrecke definierende zentrale Punkt in einer Ebene, die durch die Kontaktpunkte der Kontaktfinger des Tulpenkontakts verläuft, und auf der zentralen Längsachse des Tulpenkontakts. Gerade bei Kontaktpaaren aus Kontaktstift und Tulpe ist die Erfindung von besonderem Vorteil, da der Schaltlichtbogen üblicherweise nicht entlang der Trennstrecke, sondern schräg dazu vom Kontaktstift zu den Kontaktflächen des Tulpenkontakts verläuft, so dass die Löschgasströmung einen Schaltlichtbogen quer anströmt. Die relative Bewegung von Kontaktstift und Tulpenkontakt zueinander ist in aller Regel axial.In a simple embodiment of the invention, the first contact has a contact pin and the second contact has a tulip contact. Cooperating contact pairs consisting of contact pin and tulip contact are known per se. Usually, when the contacts are closed, the contact pin moves into the tulip contact with a linear movement. If the tulip is designed as a movable contact, the central point defining the separating distance lies in a plane which runs through the contact points of the contact fingers of the tulip contact and on the central longitudinal axis of the tulip contact. The invention is of particular advantage in the case of contact pairs made up of a contact pin and a tulip, since the switching arc usually does not run along the isolating distance, but rather at an angle to it from the contact pin to the Contact surfaces of the tulip contact runs so that the quenching gas flow crosses a switching arc. The relative movement of the contact pin and tulip contact to one another is usually axial.
Gemäß einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung sitzt der Tulpenkontakt in einem Becher, in dessen Wandung, insbesondere Seitenwandung, mindestens eine das Innere des Bechers mit der Umgebung des Bechers im Schaltraum verbindende Öffnung vorgesehen ist. Werden die Kontakte voneinander getrennt, entsteht dadurch nicht nur im Schaltraum, sondern insbesondere innerhalb des Tulpenkontakts, ein Unterdruck, durch den die durch die Kanäle geführte Löschgasströmung noch weiter beschleunigt wird.According to a further embodiment according to the invention, the tulip contact sits in a cup, in the wall of which, in particular the side wall, at least one opening connecting the interior of the cup to the surroundings of the cup in the switch room is provided. If the contacts are separated from one another, this creates a negative pressure not only in the switch room, but especially within the tulip contact, by which the extinguishing gas flow guided through the channels is accelerated even further.
Vorzugsweise ist der erfindungsgemäße Lasttrennschalter genau mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Kontakt ausgeführt.The switch disconnector according to the invention is preferably designed precisely with a first and a second contact.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Figuren, in denen bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt sind, näher erläutert.In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures in which preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters in geöffnetem Schaltzustand Zustand;
- Fig. 2:
- eine Schnittansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters der
Fig. 1 in einem Schaltzustand während des Öffnens bzw. Schließens des Lasttrennschalters; - Fig. 3:
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Schnittansicht der
Fig. 1 ; und - Fig. 4
- eine Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen, mit einem Tulpenkontakt ausgebildeten Kontakts.
- Fig. 1:
- a sectional view of a switch disconnector according to the invention in the open switching state;
- Fig. 2:
- a sectional view of the switch disconnector according to the invention
Fig. 1 in a switching state during the opening or closing of the load break switch; - Fig. 3:
- an enlarged detail of the sectional view of FIG
Fig. 1 ; and - Fig. 4
- a sectional view of a contact according to the invention, formed with a tulip contact.
In
Da der Bolzen 5 des ersten Kontakts einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist als der Kontaktstift 2, ist am Übergang zwischen Kontaktstift 2 und Bolzen 4 eine Schulter ausgebildet. Auf der Schulter sitzt ein Kolben 9, der die Löschkammer 1 in einen Schaltraum 11, in dem Kontaktstift 2 und Tulpenkontakt 4 angeordnet sind, und einen Kompressionsraum 12 trennt. Der Kolben 9 ist mit einer Hülse 13 gasdicht verbunden, die sich konzentrisch um den Kontaktstift 2 herum erstreckt und diesen überragt. Der Innendurchmesser der Hülse 13 ist derart, dass sie den Becher 3 umschließt, wenn der Kontaktstift 2 in den Tulpenkontakt 4 einfährt.Since the
Der Kompressionsraum 12 ist mit dem Schaltraum 11 über eine Vielzahl von Löschgaskanälen 14, 15 verbunden, die durch den Kolben 9 und die Hülse 13 geführt sind. Wie insbesondere in
Die Düsen 16, 17 sind an der Innenseite der Hülse 13 in zwei Ebenen gleichmäßig in Umfangsrichtung verteilt angeordnet, wobei die Düsen 16, 17 der Ebenen jeweils gleichmäßig versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, so dass das Beblasen der Trennstrecke mit Löschgas über einen breiteren Bereich erfolgt, wobei die in der Darstellung obere der beiden Düsenebenen den abgerundeten Kopf des Kontaktstiftes 2 schneidet.The
Wird der Kontaktstift 2, der in einer geschlossenen Schalterstellung vollständig in den Tulpenkontakt 4 eingreift, zum Öffnen des Schalters schnell aus dem Tulpenkontakt 4 herausgezogen, wird zum einen das Löschgas im Kompressionsraum 12 vom Kolben 9 komprimiert. Gleichzeitig wird im Schaltraum 11 der Druck reduziert, so dass aufgrund der Druckdifferenz Löschgas durch die Löschgaskanäle 14, 15 strömt. Sind im Becher 3, 22 des zweiten Kontakts Durchgangsöffnungen vorgesehen, kann auch, solange sich der Kontaktstift 2 im Tulpenkontakt 4 befindet, Löschgas aus dem Schaltraum 11 in den Becher 3, 22 nachströmen, so dass durch das Herausziehen des Kontaktstiftes 2 aus dem Tulpenkontakt 4 im Becher kein zusätzlicher Unterdruck entsteht, der die Bewegung des Kontaktstiftes 2 hemmt. Ist der Kontaktstift 2 aus dem Tulpenkontakt 4 herausgezogen, bewirken die Durchgangsöffnungen im Becher außerdem, dass der Löschgasstrom aus den Düsen 16, 17 vergleichsweise ungehindert durch den Becher 4, 22 hindurchströmen kann. Es entsteht an der stirnseitigen Becheröffnung kein wesentlicher Staudruck, der der Strömung des Löschgases aus den Düsen 16, 17 entgegensteht. Dadurch kann die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des aus den Düsen 16, 17 austretenden Löschgases maximiert werden.If the
Claims (9)
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DE102019118267.0A DE102019118267A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Encapsulated arcing chamber |
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EP3761336A1 true EP3761336A1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
EP3761336B1 EP3761336B1 (en) | 2024-11-06 |
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DE (1) | DE102019118267A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3247121A1 (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-07-07 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo | GAS BUFFER TYPE CIRCUIT BREAKER |
EP0483840A2 (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-05-06 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | High-voltage circuit breaker |
EP2445068A1 (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2012-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Gas insulation apparatus |
WO2017207763A1 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Gas-insulated low- or medium-voltage load break switch |
-
2019
- 2019-07-05 DE DE102019118267.0A patent/DE102019118267A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-07-03 EP EP20183952.9A patent/EP3761336B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3247121A1 (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-07-07 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo | GAS BUFFER TYPE CIRCUIT BREAKER |
EP0483840A2 (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-05-06 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | High-voltage circuit breaker |
EP2445068A1 (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2012-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Gas insulation apparatus |
WO2017207763A1 (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Gas-insulated low- or medium-voltage load break switch |
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EP3761336B1 (en) | 2024-11-06 |
DE102019118267A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
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