EP2278604B1 - High voltage switch - Google Patents

High voltage switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2278604B1
EP2278604B1 EP09165985A EP09165985A EP2278604B1 EP 2278604 B1 EP2278604 B1 EP 2278604B1 EP 09165985 A EP09165985 A EP 09165985A EP 09165985 A EP09165985 A EP 09165985A EP 2278604 B1 EP2278604 B1 EP 2278604B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
volume
hollow
gas
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Application number
EP09165985A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2278604A1 (en
Inventor
Fredrik Lundqvist
Henrik Dahlgren
Helmut Heiermeier
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ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
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Priority to ES09165985T priority Critical patent/ES2384425T3/en
Priority to AT09165985T priority patent/ATE549731T1/en
Priority to EP09165985A priority patent/EP2278604B1/en
Publication of EP2278604A1 publication Critical patent/EP2278604A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2278604B1 publication Critical patent/EP2278604B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high voltage switches according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Switches of the aforementioned type are generally circuit breakers, which control overcurrents of more than 10 kA in the voltage range of more than 70 kV.
  • Such switches have a switch housing which is filled with an arc-containing insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride and / or nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide, of generally up to a few bar pressure.
  • an arc-containing insulating gas such as based on sulfur hexafluoride and / or nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide
  • the compression chamber of this blower aid is filled with rapid reconnection with gas from the switch housing, which is compressed in the subsequent shutdown by compression to extinguishing gas.
  • dielectrically problematic exhaust gases from an extinguishing chamber of the switches enter a storage space bounded by the switch housing, from which insulating gas is sucked into the compression space during rapid reclosing.
  • Switches according to the preamble of claim 1 are described in US 5,478,980 A and EPO 970 498 B1 , These switches each have an insulating gas-filled housing, which limits radially outward a storage space for the insulating gas.
  • a contact arrangement with two along an axis relative to each other displaceable switching pieces is held.
  • a first of the two shaft pieces, which is movable by a drive of the switches, has a hollow arc contact in coaxial arrangement and a hollow rated current contact surrounding the hollow arc contact.
  • a gas outlet is formed in the wall of a tubular contact carrier of the hollow arcing contact.
  • the switches further each include a drive operable piston-cylinder compression device having an annular compression space for receiving quenching gas, and arranged between the compression space and the exhaust space intermediate volume. This intermediate volume is separated from the exhaust space by an intermediate wall and communicates radially outward with the storage space. When switched on, it is connected via a check valve to the compression chamber.
  • FR 2 694 987 A1 shows a blow piston switch, wherein the blow piston two volumes VC and V2 separated from each other.
  • the pressure increase in the volume VC is sufficient to successfully interrupt a current in which a switching arc is formed shortly before the zero crossing.
  • the second volume V2 increases the volume VC and then ensures that the current can be successfully interrupted even then.
  • the object is to provide a switch of the type mentioned, which can be made easily and inexpensively, is characterized by a good switching capacity and only needs a weakly dimensioned drive.
  • the intermediate wall is part of the exhaust space and the intermediate volume radially outwardly delimiting, the exhaust and the suction containing hollow metal casting body, the piston is fixed to an end face of the metal casting and limits the intermediate volume axially , And is in the switch-on position of the switch of the space defined by the axial distance of the intermediate wall from the piston volume of the intermediate volume greater than the volume of the compression space.
  • the construction and production of the switch are simplified.
  • the mechanical guiding of the moving member from the drive piece, carrying the switch housing, guiding the switch current, transferring the switch current to the driven contact piece and the gas-tight separation of the exhaust space and intermediate volume can be achieved.
  • the piston is attached to an end face of the metal casting, additional functions, such as the axial limitation and the suitable dimensioning of the intermediate volume, result in components which are required in a production-technically simple manner.
  • the volume content of the intermediate volume is now such that at a Schnellwiedereinscaria the compression chamber is supplied regardless of the quality of existing in the storage volume insulating gas with fresh insulating, so that for the Schnellwiedereinscnies following output switching as high quality extinguishing gas available as for the before the Schnellwiedereinscnies executed shutdown.
  • the volume of the compression chamber can therefore be kept small because of the good quality of the extinguishing gas, so that drive energy is saved in a corresponding manner.
  • a sufficient amount of high-quality extinguishing gas is certainly available if the volume of the intermediate volume is at least 1.2 times the volume of the compression space.
  • a good distribution of the managers and at the same time a good transfer of the switch current from the metal body to the rated current contact is achieved when in the intermediate wall, a first portion of a guide rail of a sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact and in the outer surface of the metal casting a first portion of a guide rail of a sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact is formed.
  • a first section of the metal casting containing the first guide track section of the sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact advantageously has a greater wall thickness than an adjoining thereto; in a front side of the metal casting expiring second section. Since the cast metal body carries the switch current only in its thick-walled section, the current losses in the cast metal body are comparable to the current losses in the hollow contact current contact, which is made of copper or a copper alloy and contacts the first section of the cast metal body. up to 3 times smaller wall thickness.
  • the cast metal body and the piston each carry one of two sections of the guideway of a sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact and the guideway of a sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact. Since the piston and thus also a pressure relief valve and acting as a refill valve check valve can be easily attached to the front side of the metal body and the individual sections are joined together to form the guideways of the two aforementioned sliding guides, simplifies the manufacture of the switch considerably.
  • the high voltage switch shown in the two figures is designed as a circuit breaker and contains a filled with a compressed insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride or a sulfur hexafluoride gas mixture, filled and largely tubular shaped housing 10 and a recorded from the switch housing 10, largely axially symmetrical contact arrangement with two
  • the contact piece 20 has in a coaxial arrangement a hollow arcing contact 21 and a hollow contact current 22 surrounding the hollow arcing contact.
  • the contact piece 30 is attached to a power connector 12 attached to the switch housing 10 and has a coaxial arrangement designed as a pencil arcing contact 31 and the arcing contact 31 surrounding hollow rated current contact 32.
  • a plurality of radially aligned openings containing gas outlet 21 b is formed in the wall of a tubular contact carrier 21a of the hollow arcing contact 21, a plurality of radially aligned openings containing gas outlet 21 b is formed.
  • the contact carrier 21 a is closed at its the gas outlet 21 b having lower end. This lower end is also connected to the upper end of an axially guided insulating rod of a drive D of the switch.
  • the reference numeral 40 is a fixedly arranged, hollow cast body made of a highly electrically conductive metal, in particular based on aluminum or an aluminum alloy. This metal casting 40 extends along the axis A and is formed axially symmetrical. It serves the mechanical guidance of the switching piece 20 and leads during the operation of the switch the switch current.
  • a mounting flange 41 which serves as a power connection and on the other hand also from a weather-resistant insulating material, such as porcelain or a polymeric composite based on silicone, epoxy or EPDM, existing switch housing 10 carries , At its upper end terminating in the opposite end face, the cast metal body 40 carries the fixed piston 51 of a piston-cylinder compression device 50 with an annular compression space 52.
  • a tubular wall of the metal casting 40 extends between the two end faces. This wall bounds two annular volumes which are separated from one another by an intermediate wall 42 of the metal casting 40, one of which is an exhaust space 43 and the second is an intermediate volume 44.
  • the exhaust space 43 is guided around a gas outlet 21 b containing portion of the contact carrier 21 a and communicates over several formed in the wall of the metal casting 40, radially outwardly guided exhaust ports 47 with a radially limited from the switch housing 10 to the outside, filled with the insulating gas storage space 11.
  • the intermediate volume 44 is arranged between the compression space 52 and the exhaust space 43 and communicates via radially outwardly guided, molded into the wall of the metal casting 40 intake openings 48 with the storage space 11th
  • the compression space 52 is radially inwardly from a portion of the contact carrier 21 a and radially outwardly bounded by a cylinder 53 of the piston-cylinder compression device 50 forming portion of a tubular contact carrier 22 a of the rated current contact 22. In the axial direction, the compression space 52 is bounded by the piston 51 and the bottom 54 of the cylinder 53.
  • a portion 45 of the guideway of a sliding guide of the arcing contact 21 and in the outer surface of the metal casting 40, a portion 46 of the guideway of a sliding guide of the rated current contact 22 is formed.
  • the sliding guide of the rated current contact 22 has a wreath 22b of contact fingers formed in the contact carrier 22a of the rated current contact 22, which contact springs are resiliently supported on the guide track section 46 to form contact force.
  • a section of the metal casting body 40 containing the guide track section 46 has a greater wall thickness than a section of the metal casting 40 which extends therefrom and extends in the upper end side.
  • the piston 51 fastened to the upper end side contains on its inner side a second guide track section of the slide guide which is not designated Arc contact 21 and on its outer side also not designated second guideway portion of the sliding guide of the rated current contact 22nd
  • the cylinder bottom 54 mechanically and electrically connects the arcing contact 21 to the rated current contact 22.
  • an insulating nozzle 60 which is closed by the arcing contact 31 in the switch-on position of the switch is arranged, which limits an heating volume 55 serving to receive arc-generated quenching gas upwards.
  • the piston head 54 limits the heating volume down.
  • an annular body 62 is rigidly fastened.
  • a drive rod 71 of a stationary mounted on a mounting body 72 deflection gear 70 is mounted.
  • This deflecting gear 70 is non-positively connected to the formed as a pencil arcing contact 31 and moves the pin 31 when turning counterclockwise to the switching piece 20.
  • the ring body 62 is gas-tight in a fixedly held cylinder 63 out, which is typically formed by a portion of the contact carrier 32 a of the rated current contact 32 becomes.
  • the contact piece 20 is moved downwards by switch drive D and first disconnect the rated current contacts 22, 32.
  • the current to be disconnected commutes from the rated current contacts into a current path containing the two arcing contacts 21, 31, which now contacts the contact carrier 22a of the rated current contact 22 , the cylinder bottom 54, the arcing contact 21 and the arcing contact 31 to the power connector 12 extends.
  • After disconnecting the arcing contacts 21, 31 is formed from a Fig.2 apparent switching arc S, which generates hot arc gas high pressure. Part of the hot arc gas escapes first as exhaust gas into the hollow arcing contact 21, expands through the gas outlet 21 b in the exhaust space 43, from which it flows through the exhaust ports 47 in the fresh insulating gas containing storage space 11.
  • the intermediate volume 44 stored fresh insulating gas does not come into contact with the exhaust gas flowing into the storage space 11 and maintains its good dielectric properties.
  • Another part of the hot arc gas flows into the heating volume 55 and is stored there as compressed extinguishing gas.
  • a third part of the arc gas flows as blow-out gas through the nozzle 70 into a control volume 73 whose volume in the axial direction is determined by the annular body 62 and a fixed wall 74 integral with the mounting body 72 ,
  • the wall 74 has a gas outlet 75, through which the purge gas is guided from the control volume 74 into the storage space 11.
  • the volume of the intermediate volume 44 is selected so that it is greater than the volume of the compression space 52 in the switch-on position of the switch.
  • a subsequent rapid reclosing of the switch drive D leads the contact piece 20 upwards.
  • the volume of the compression chamber 52 increases again and only a fresh insulating gas from the intermediate volume 44 is sucked into the compression space 52 via a check valve 58 arranged in the piston 51.
  • this fresh insulating gas is compressed in the compression chamber 52 to high-quality extinguishing gas dielectric and used to blow the switching arc S. A safe enough amount of high quality extinguishing gas is then available when the volume of the intermediate volume 44 is at least 1.2 times the volume of the compression space 52.
  • the construction and manufacture of the switch are simplified.
  • the mechanical guiding of the switching piece 20 moved by the drive D, the carrying of the switch housing 10, the passing of the switch current, the transfer of the switch current into the switching piece 20 and the gas-tight separation of the exhaust space 43 and intermediate volume 44 are now performed reached. Since the piston 51 is fixed to an end face of the metal casting 40, additional functions, such as the axial limitation and the appropriate dimensioning of the intermediate volume 44, result in components which are required in a production-related simple manner.
  • volume content of the intermediate volume 44 is now dimensioned so that the compression space 52 is supplied regardless of the quality of existing in the storage volume 11 insulating gas with fresh insulating gas, so that as high-quality extinguishing gas available for the fast reclosing following output switching as for the Switch-off process carried out before the quick restart.
  • the volume of the compression space 52 can therefore be kept small and accordingly drive energy can be saved.
  • the metal cast body 40 and the piston 51 at the same time also each carry one of two sections of the guideway of the sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact 21 and the guide rail of the sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact 22. Since the piston 51 and thus also the pressure relief valve 56 and the fast re-switching a refilling of the Compression space 52 with the fresh insulating gas from the intermediate volume 44 enabling check valve 58 can be easily attached to the front side of the metal body 40 and the individual sections are joined together to form the guideways of the two aforementioned sliding guides, simplifies the manufacture of the switch considerably.
  • the switching piece 20 then acts as a differential piston, on the upper piston surface of the pressure of the control volume 73 passing exhaust gases (arrows in Fig.2 ) and on whose lower piston surface the pressure of the extinguishing gas located in the compression chamber 52 acts, and thus supports the drive D.
  • a particularly good drive assistance is achieved if the volume of the control volume 73 and the flow cross section of the gas outlet 75 are determined so that above a limit of the pressure prevailing in the compression chamber 52 pressure of the quenching gas, the pressure of the purge gases in the control volume 73 is so high that a in the Compression space 52 caused by the pressure of the quenching gas and acting on the switch drive D first force and caused by the pressure of the exhaust gases in the control volume 73 and counter to the first force acting on the switch drive D second force largely compensate each other.

Abstract

The switch has an intermediate wall (42) designed as a part of a hollow metal casting body (40) that contains exhaust and suction openings (47, 48). An intermediate volume (44) is arranged between compression and exhaust regions (52, 43) and separated from the exhaust region by the wall. A piston-cylinder-compression device (50) has a piston (51) fastened at a front side of the body, where the piston axially limits the volume. A capacity of the volume defined by axial distance of the volume from the piston is larger than capacity of the compression region in a switch-on position of the switch.

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf Hochspannungsschalter nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The present invention relates to high voltage switches according to the preamble of claim 1.

Schalter der vorgenannten Art sind im allgemeinen Leistungsschalter, die im Spannungsbereich von über 70 kV Ausschaltströme von über 10 kA beherrschen. Solcher Schalter weisen ein Schaltergehäuse auf, das mit einem Lichtbogenlöscheigenschaften aufweisenden Isoliergas, etwa auf der Basis von Schwefelhexafluorid und/oder Stickstoff und/oder Kohlendioxid, von im allgemeinen bis zu einigen bar Druck gefüllt ist. Beim Abschalten kleiner Ströme reicht eine durch den Schaltlichtbogen erzeugte Löschgasmenge im allgemeinen nicht aus, um durch thermische Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens eine dielektrisch verfestigte Schaltstrecke und damit eine Unterbrechung des abzuschaltenden Stroms zu erreichen. Daher weisen die Schalter eine als Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung ausgebildete Blashilfe zur Erzeugung von Löschgas auf. Der Kompressionsraum dieser Blashilfe wird beim Schnellwiedereinschalten mit Gas aus dem Schaltergehäuse gefüllt, welches beim nachfolgenden Ausschaltvorgang durch Kompression zu Löschgas verdichtet wird. Unmittelbar vor dem Schnellwiedereinschalten treten jedoch dielektrisch problematische Auspuffgase aus einer Löschkammer der Schalter in einen vom Schaltergehäuse begrenzten Speicherraum, aus dem bei der Schnellwiedereinschaltung Isoliergas in den Kompressionsraum eingesaugt wird.Switches of the aforementioned type are generally circuit breakers, which control overcurrents of more than 10 kA in the voltage range of more than 70 kV. Such switches have a switch housing which is filled with an arc-containing insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride and / or nitrogen and / or carbon dioxide, of generally up to a few bar pressure. When switching off small currents produced by the switching arc quenching gas is generally not sufficient to achieve by thermal blowing of the switching arc a dielectrically solidified switching path and thus an interruption of the current to be disconnected. Therefore, the switches on a designed as a piston-cylinder compression device blowing aid for generating extinguishing gas. The compression chamber of this blower aid is filled with rapid reconnection with gas from the switch housing, which is compressed in the subsequent shutdown by compression to extinguishing gas. Immediately before the quick reconnection, however, dielectrically problematic exhaust gases from an extinguishing chamber of the switches enter a storage space bounded by the switch housing, from which insulating gas is sucked into the compression space during rapid reclosing.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Schalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 sind beschrieben in US 5,478,980 A und EPO 970 498 B1 . Diese Schalter weisen jeweils ein isoliergasgefülltes Gehäuse auf, das radial nach aussen einen Speicherraum für das Isoliergas begrenzt. Im Gehäuse ist jeweils eine Kontaktanordnung mit zwei längs einer Achse relativ zueinander verschiebbaren Schaltstücken gehalten. Ein von einem Antrieb der Schalter bewegbares erstes beider Schaftstücke weist in koaxialer Anordnung einen hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt und einen den hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt umgebenden hohlen Nennstromkontakt auf. In die Wand eines rohrförmigen Kontaktträgers des hohlen Lichtbogenkontakts ist ein Gasauslass eingeformt. Ein ringförmig ausgebildeter Auspuffraum ist um einen einen Gasauslass enthaltenden Abschnitt des rohrförmigen Kontaktträgers geführt und kommuniziert über eine radial nach aussen geführte Auspufföffnung mit dem Speicherraum. Die Schalter enthalten ferner jeweils eine vom Antrieb betätigbare Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung mit einem ringförmig ausgebildeten Kompressionsraum zur Aufnahme von Löschgas, und ein zwischen dem Kompressionsraum und dem Auspuffraum angeordnetes Zwischenvolumen. Dieses Zwischenvolumen ist vom Auspuffraum jeweils durch eine Zwischenwand getrennt und kommuniziert radial nach aussen mit dem Speicherraum. Beim Einschalten ist es über ein Rückschlagventil mit dem Kompressionsraum verbunden.Switches according to the preamble of claim 1 are described in US 5,478,980 A and EPO 970 498 B1 , These switches each have an insulating gas-filled housing, which limits radially outward a storage space for the insulating gas. In the housing, in each case a contact arrangement with two along an axis relative to each other displaceable switching pieces is held. A first of the two shaft pieces, which is movable by a drive of the switches, has a hollow arc contact in coaxial arrangement and a hollow rated current contact surrounding the hollow arc contact. In the wall of a tubular contact carrier of the hollow arcing contact, a gas outlet is formed. An annularly formed exhaust space is guided around a gas outlet containing portion of the tubular contact carrier and communicates via a radially outwardly guided exhaust port with the storage space. The switches further each include a drive operable piston-cylinder compression device having an annular compression space for receiving quenching gas, and arranged between the compression space and the exhaust space intermediate volume. This intermediate volume is separated from the exhaust space by an intermediate wall and communicates radially outward with the storage space. When switched on, it is connected via a check valve to the compression chamber.

Bei diesen Schaltern gelangen beim Ausschalten heisse Auspuffgase über ein vom Zwischenvolumen getrenntes Auspuffvolumen in den Speicherraum und wird beim Schnellwiedereinschalten im Speicherraum befindliches Isoliergas über das Zwischenvolumen in den Kompressionsraum eingesaugt. Dadurch wird die Qualität des beim Wiedereinschalten in den Kompressionsraum geführten Gases verbessert.In these switches get hot exhaust gases on a separate volume from the intermediate volume exhaust volume in the storage space and is sucked in Schnellwiedereinschalten located in the storage space insulating gas on the intermediate volume in the compression space. This improves the quality of the gas fed back into the compression chamber when it is switched on again.

Bei dem in US 5,478,980 A beschriebenen Schalter weist das zweite Schaltstück einen stiftförmigen Lichtbogenkontakt auf, der bei einem Ausschaltvorgang über eine am ersten Schaltstück befestigte Isolierdüse und ein feststehend gehaltenes Umlenkgetriebe gegenläufig zum hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt des ersten Schaltstücks bewegt wird. Hierbei wird die zur Bewegung benötigte Antriebskraft über einen am Ausblasende der Isolierdüse starr befestigten Ringkörper in das Umlenkgetriebe eingeleitet. Aufgrund der so erreichten hohen Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit wird auch mit einem kleinen Zwischenvolumen ein gutes Schaltvermögen erreicht.At the in US 5,478,980 A described switch, the second contact piece on a pin-shaped arcing contact, which is moved in opposite directions to the hollow arcing contact of the first contact piece at a turn-off via an insulating nozzle attached to the first contact piece and a stationary held deflection. This is the driving force required for movement introduced via a rigidly attached to the Ausblasende the insulating ring body in the deflection gear. Due to the high contact separation speed thus achieved, a good switching capacity is achieved even with a small intermediate volume.

FR 2 694 987 A1 zeigt einen Blaskolbenschalter, bei dem der Blaskolben zwei Volumina VC und V2 voneinander trennt. Der Druckanstieg im Volumen VC reicht aus, um einen Stroms, bei dem ein Schaltlichtbogen kurz vorm Nulldurchgang gebildet wird, erfolgreich zu unterbrechen. Bei einem länger vor dem Nulldurchgang gebildeten Schaltlichtbogen vergrössert das zweite Volumen V2 hingegen das Volumen VC und stellt dann sicher, dass auch dann der Strom erfolgreich unterbrochen werden kann. FR 2 694 987 A1 shows a blow piston switch, wherein the blow piston two volumes VC and V2 separated from each other. The pressure increase in the volume VC is sufficient to successfully interrupt a current in which a switching arc is formed shortly before the zero crossing. In the case of a switching arc formed longer before the zero crossing, on the other hand, the second volume V2 increases the volume VC and then ensures that the current can be successfully interrupted even then.

Bei einem in EP 0 591 039 A1 beschriebenen Blaskolbenschalter ist der in einem Blaszylinder gelagerte Blaskolben bei geschlossener Kontaktanordnung gegenüber der Kraft einer Druckfeder fixiert. Beim Ausschalten wird der Blaskolben entriegelt und erzeugt - unabhängig vom Schalterantrieb - unter der Wirkung der sich entspannenden Feder komprimiertes Löschgas.At an in EP 0 591 039 A1 described Blaskolbenschalter the mounted in a blow cylinder blow piston is fixed with the contact arrangement closed against the force of a compression spring. When switching off, the blow piston is unlocked and generates - regardless of the switch drive - under the action of the relaxing spring compressed extinguishing gas.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen angegeben ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schalter der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der einfach und kostengünstig gefertigt werden kann, sich durch ein gutes Schaltvermögen auszeichnet und lediglich einen schwach bemessenen Antrieb benötigt.The invention, as indicated in the claims, the object is to provide a switch of the type mentioned, which can be made easily and inexpensively, is characterized by a good switching capacity and only needs a weakly dimensioned drive.

Bei dem gemäss Patentanspruch 1 ausgebildeten Schalter nach der Erfindung ist die Zwischenwand Teil eines den Auspuffraum und das Zwischenvolumen radial nach aussen begrenzenden, die Auspuff- und die Ansaugöffnung enthaltenden, hohlen Metallgusskörpers, ist der Kolben an einer Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers befestigt und begrenzt das Zwischenvolumen axial, und ist in der Einschaltposition des Schalters der durch den axialen Abstand der Zwischenwand vom Kolben bestimmte Rauminhalt des Zwischenvolumens grösser als der Rauminhalt des Kompressionsraums.In the designed according to claim 1 switch according to the invention, the intermediate wall is part of the exhaust space and the intermediate volume radially outwardly delimiting, the exhaust and the suction containing hollow metal casting body, the piston is fixed to an end face of the metal casting and limits the intermediate volume axially , And is in the switch-on position of the switch of the space defined by the axial distance of the intermediate wall from the piston volume of the intermediate volume greater than the volume of the compression space.

Durch Integration der Zwischenwand in den Metallgusskörper werden der Aufbau und die Fertigung des Schalters vereinfacht. Mit einem in einem Giessprozess kostengünstig zu fertigenden Bauteil werden nun das mechanische Führen des vom Antrieb bewegten Schaltstücks, das Tragen des Schaltergehäuses, das Führen des Schalterstroms, das Übertragen des Schalterstroms ins angetriebene Schaltstück und das gasdichte Trennen von Auspuffraum und Zwischenvolumen erreicht. Da der Kolben an einer Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers befestigt ist, ergeben sich zusätzliche Funktionen, wie die axiale Begrenzung und die geeignete Bemessung des Zwischenvolumens, in fertigungstechnisch einfacher Weise durch sowieso benötigte Bauteile. Zudem ist der Rauminhalts des Zwischenvolumens nun so bemessen, dass bei einer Schnellwiedereinschaltung der Kompressionsraum unabhängig von der Qualität des im Speichervolumen vorhandenen Isoliergases mit frischem Isoliergas versorgt wird, so dass für den der Schnellwiedereinschaltung folgenden Ausgangschaltvorgang ebensoviel hochwertiges Löschgas zur Verfügung wie für den vor der Schnellwiedereinschaltung ausgeführten Ausschaltvorgang. Der Rauminhalt des Kompressionsraums kann wegen der guten Qualität des Löschgases daher klein gehalten werden, so dass in entsprechender Weise Antriebsenergie eingespart wird.By integrating the intermediate wall into the metal casting, the construction and production of the switch are simplified. With a low-cost to be manufactured in a casting component now the mechanical guiding of the moving member from the drive piece, carrying the switch housing, guiding the switch current, transferring the switch current to the driven contact piece and the gas-tight separation of the exhaust space and intermediate volume can be achieved. Since the piston is attached to an end face of the metal casting, additional functions, such as the axial limitation and the suitable dimensioning of the intermediate volume, result in components which are required in a production-technically simple manner. In addition, the volume content of the intermediate volume is now such that at a Schnellwiedereinschaltung the compression chamber is supplied regardless of the quality of existing in the storage volume insulating gas with fresh insulating, so that for the Schnellwiedereinschaltung following output switching as high quality extinguishing gas available as for the before the Schnellwiedereinschaltung executed shutdown. The volume of the compression chamber can therefore be kept small because of the good quality of the extinguishing gas, so that drive energy is saved in a corresponding manner.

Eine mit grosser Sicherheit ausreichende Menge an hochwertigem Löschgas steht dann zur Verfügung, wenn der Rauminhalt des Zwischenvolumens mindestens das 1,2-fache des Rauminhalts des Kompressionsraums beträgt.A sufficient amount of high-quality extinguishing gas is certainly available if the volume of the intermediate volume is at least 1.2 times the volume of the compression space.

Eine gute Verteilung der Führungskräfte und zugleich eine gute Übertragung des Schalterstroms vom Metaligusskörper auf den Nennstromkontakt wird erreicht, wenn in die Zwischenwand ein erster Abschnitt einer Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des hohlen Lichtbogenkontakts und in die Aussenfläche des Metallgusskörpers ein erster Abschnitt einer Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des hohlen Nennstromkontakts eingeformt ist.A good distribution of the managers and at the same time a good transfer of the switch current from the metal body to the rated current contact is achieved when in the intermediate wall, a first portion of a guide rail of a sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact and in the outer surface of the metal casting a first portion of a guide rail of a sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact is formed.

Besteht der Metallgusskörper aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, so weist ein den erster Führungsbahnabschnitt der Gleitführung des hohlen Nennstromkontakts enthaltender erster Abschnitt des Metallgusskörpers in vorteilhafter Weise eine grössere Wandstärke auf als ein daran anschliessender, in einer Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers auslaufender zweiter Abschnitt. Da der Metallgusskörper den Schalterstrom lediglich in seinem dickwandig ausgebildeten Abschnitt führt, sind die Stromverluste im Metallgusskörper vergleichbar den Stromverlusten in dem den ersten Abschnitt des Metallgusskörpers kontaktierenden, hohlen Nennstromkontakt, der aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung besteht und gegenüber dem ersten Abschnitt des Metallgusskörpers eine 2- bis 3- fache kleinere Wandstärke aufweist.If the metal casting is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, then a first section of the metal casting containing the first guide track section of the sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact advantageously has a greater wall thickness than an adjoining thereto; in a front side of the metal casting expiring second section. Since the cast metal body carries the switch current only in its thick-walled section, the current losses in the cast metal body are comparable to the current losses in the hollow contact current contact, which is made of copper or a copper alloy and contacts the first section of the cast metal body. up to 3 times smaller wall thickness.

Der Metallgusskörper und der Kolben tragen zugleich jeweils auch einen von zwei Abschnitten der Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des hohlen Lichtbogenkontakts und der Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des hohlen Nennstromkontakts. Da der Kolben und damit auch ein Überdruckventil und ein als Nachfüllventil wirkendes Rückschlagventil leicht an der Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers befestigt werden können und beim Befestigung die einzelnen Abschnitte unter Bildung der Führungsbahnen der beiden vorgenannten Gleitführungen zusammengeführt werden, vereinfacht sich die Fertigung des Schalters erheblich.At the same time, the cast metal body and the piston each carry one of two sections of the guideway of a sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact and the guideway of a sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact. Since the piston and thus also a pressure relief valve and acting as a refill valve check valve can be easily attached to the front side of the metal body and the individual sections are joined together to form the guideways of the two aforementioned sliding guides, simplifies the manufacture of the switch considerably.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Anhand von Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig.1
eine Aufsicht auf einen längs einer Achse geführten Schnitt durch einen Teil eines Hochspannungsschalters nach der Erfindung in der Einschaltstellung, und
Fig.2
den Schalter nach Fig.1 während eines Ausschaltvorgangs.
With reference to drawings, the invention will be explained in more detail below. Hereby shows:
Fig.1
a plan view of a guided along an axis section through a portion of a high voltage switch according to the invention in the closed position, and
Fig.2
after the switch Fig.1 during a shutdown process.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Der in den beiden Figuren dargestellte Hochspannungsschalter ist als Leistungsschalter ausgeführt und enthält ein mit einem komprimierten Isoliergas, etwa auf der Basis Schwefelhexafluorid oder eines Schwefelhexafluorid enthaltenden Gasgemischs, gefülltes und weitgehend rohrförmig gestaltetes Gehäuse 10 sowie eine vom Schaltergehäuse 10 aufgenommene, weitgehend axialsymmetrisch gestaltete Kontaktanordnung mit zwei längs einer Achse A relativ zueinander verschiebbaren Schaltstücken 20 und 30. Das Schaltstück 20 weist in koaxialer Anordnung einen hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt 21 und einen den hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt umgebenden hohlen Nennstromkontakt 22 auf. Das Schaltstück 30 ist an einem am Schaltergehäuse 10 angebrachten Stromanschluss 12 befestigt und weist in koaxialer Anordnung einen als Stift ausgeführten Lichtbogenkontakt 31 und einen den Lichtbogenkontakt 31 umgebenden hohlen Nennstromkontakt 32 auf. In die Wand eines rohrförmigen Kontaktträgers 21a des hohlen Lichtbogenkontakts 21 ist ein mehrere radial ausgerichtete Öffnungen enthaltender Gasauslass 21 b eingeformt. Der Kontaktträger 21 a ist an seinem den Gasauslass 21 b aufweisenden unteren Ende verschlossen. Dieses untere Ende ist zudem mit dem oberen Ende einer axial geführten Isolierstange eines Antriebs D des Schalters verbunden.The high voltage switch shown in the two figures is designed as a circuit breaker and contains a filled with a compressed insulating gas, such as based on sulfur hexafluoride or a sulfur hexafluoride gas mixture, filled and largely tubular shaped housing 10 and a recorded from the switch housing 10, largely axially symmetrical contact arrangement with two The contact piece 20 has in a coaxial arrangement a hollow arcing contact 21 and a hollow contact current 22 surrounding the hollow arcing contact. The contact piece 30 is attached to a power connector 12 attached to the switch housing 10 and has a coaxial arrangement designed as a pencil arcing contact 31 and the arcing contact 31 surrounding hollow rated current contact 32. In the wall of a tubular contact carrier 21a of the hollow arcing contact 21, a plurality of radially aligned openings containing gas outlet 21 b is formed. The contact carrier 21 a is closed at its the gas outlet 21 b having lower end. This lower end is also connected to the upper end of an axially guided insulating rod of a drive D of the switch.

Mit dem Bezugszeichen 40 ist ein feststehend angeordneter, hohler Gusskörper aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden Metall, insbesondere auf der Basis von Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, bezeichnet. Dieser Metallgusskörper 40 erstreckt sich längs der Achse A und ist axialsymmetrisch ausgebildet. Es dient der mechanischen Führung des Schaltstücks 20 und führt während des Betriebs des Schalters den Schalterstrom. An seinem in einer Stirnseite auslaufenden unteren Ende weist er einen Montageflansch 41 auf, der zum einem als Stromanschluss dient und zum anderen auch das aus einem witterungsbeständigen Isoliermaterial, wie Porzellan oder einem polymeren Verbundstoff auf der Basis Silicon, Epoxid oder EPDM, bestehende Schaltergehäuse 10 trägt. An seinem in der Gegenstirnseite auslaufenden oberen Ende trägt der Metallgusskörper 40 den feststehenden Kolben 51 einer Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung 50 mit einem ringförmig ausgebildeten Kompressionsraum 52.By the reference numeral 40 is a fixedly arranged, hollow cast body made of a highly electrically conductive metal, in particular based on aluminum or an aluminum alloy. This metal casting 40 extends along the axis A and is formed axially symmetrical. It serves the mechanical guidance of the switching piece 20 and leads during the operation of the switch the switch current. At its expiring in a front end lower end, it has a mounting flange 41, which serves as a power connection and on the other hand also from a weather-resistant insulating material, such as porcelain or a polymeric composite based on silicone, epoxy or EPDM, existing switch housing 10 carries , At its upper end terminating in the opposite end face, the cast metal body 40 carries the fixed piston 51 of a piston-cylinder compression device 50 with an annular compression space 52.

Zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten erstreckt sich eine rohrförmige Wand des Metallgusskörpers 40. Diese Wand begrenzt zwei durch eine Zwischenwand 42 des Metallgusskörpers 40 voneinander getrennte, ringförmige Volumina, von denen eines ein Auspuffraum 43 und das zweite ein Zwischenvolumen 44 ist. Der Auspuffraum 43 ist um einen den Gasauslass 21 b enthaltenden Abschnitt des Kontaktträgers 21 a geführt und kommuniziert über mehrere in die Wand des Metallgusskörpers 40 eingeformte, radial nach aussen geführte Auspufföffnungen 47 mit einem vom Schaltergehäuse 10 radial nach aussen begrenzten, mit dem Isoliergas gefüllten Speicherraum 11. Das Zwischenvolumen 44 ist zwischen dem Kompressionsraum 52 und dem Auspuffraum 43 angeordnet und kommuniziert über radial nach aussen geführte, in die Wand des Metallgusskörpers 40 eingeformte Ansaugöffnungen 48 mit dem Speicherraum 11.A tubular wall of the metal casting 40 extends between the two end faces. This wall bounds two annular volumes which are separated from one another by an intermediate wall 42 of the metal casting 40, one of which is an exhaust space 43 and the second is an intermediate volume 44. The exhaust space 43 is guided around a gas outlet 21 b containing portion of the contact carrier 21 a and communicates over several formed in the wall of the metal casting 40, radially outwardly guided exhaust ports 47 with a radially limited from the switch housing 10 to the outside, filled with the insulating gas storage space 11. The intermediate volume 44 is arranged between the compression space 52 and the exhaust space 43 and communicates via radially outwardly guided, molded into the wall of the metal casting 40 intake openings 48 with the storage space 11th

Der Kompressionsraum 52 ist radial nach innen von einem Abschnitt des Kontaktträgers 21 a und radial nach aussen von einem den Zylinder 53 der Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung 50 bildenden Abschnitt eines rohrförmigen Kontaktträgers 22a des Nennstromkontakts 22 begrenzt. In axialer Richtung wird der Kompressionsraum 52 vom Kolben 51 und dem Boden 54 des Zylinders 53 begrenzt.The compression space 52 is radially inwardly from a portion of the contact carrier 21 a and radially outwardly bounded by a cylinder 53 of the piston-cylinder compression device 50 forming portion of a tubular contact carrier 22 a of the rated current contact 22. In the axial direction, the compression space 52 is bounded by the piston 51 and the bottom 54 of the cylinder 53.

In die Zwischenwand 42 ist ein Abschnitt 45 der Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des Lichtbogenkontakts 21 und in die Aussenfläche des Metallgusskörpers 40 ein Abschnitt 46 der Führungsbahn einer Gleitführung des Nennstromkontakts 22 eingeformt. Die Gleitführung des Nennstromkontakts 22 weist einen in den Kontaktträger 22a des Nennstromkontakts 22 eingeformten Kranz 22b von Kontaktfingern auf, die unter Bildung von Kontaktkraft federnd auf dem Führungsbahnabschnitt 46 abgestützt sind. Ein den Führungsbahnabschnitt 46 enthaltender Abschnitt des Metallgusskörpers 40 weist eine grössere Wandstärke auf als ein sich daran anschliessender, in der oberen Stirnseite auslaufender Abschnitt des Metallgusskörpers 40. Der an der oberen Stirnseite befestigte Kolben 51 enthält auf seiner Innenseite einen nicht bezeichneten zweiten Führungsbahnabschnitt der Gleitführung des Lichtbogenkontakts 21 und auf seiner Aussenseite einen ebenfalls nicht bezeichneten zweiten Führungsbahnabschnitt der Gleitführung des Nennstromkontakts 22.In the intermediate wall 42, a portion 45 of the guideway of a sliding guide of the arcing contact 21 and in the outer surface of the metal casting 40, a portion 46 of the guideway of a sliding guide of the rated current contact 22 is formed. The sliding guide of the rated current contact 22 has a wreath 22b of contact fingers formed in the contact carrier 22a of the rated current contact 22, which contact springs are resiliently supported on the guide track section 46 to form contact force. A section of the metal casting body 40 containing the guide track section 46 has a greater wall thickness than a section of the metal casting 40 which extends therefrom and extends in the upper end side. The piston 51 fastened to the upper end side contains on its inner side a second guide track section of the slide guide which is not designated Arc contact 21 and on its outer side also not designated second guideway portion of the sliding guide of the rated current contact 22nd

Der Zylinderboden 54 verbindet den Lichtbogenkontakt 21 mechanisch und elektrisch mit dem Nennstromkontakt 22. Am oberen Ende des Nennstromkontakts 22 ist eine in der Einschaltposition des Schalters vom Lichtbogenkontakt 31 verschlossene Isolierdüse 60 angeordnet, die ein der Aufnahme von lichtbogenerzeugtem Löschgas dienendes Heizvolumen 55 nach oben begrenzt. Der Kolbenboden 54 begrenzt das Heizvolumen nach unten. An dem als Ausblasöffnung 61 dienenden freien Ende der Isolierdüse 60 ist ein Ringkörper 62 starr befestigt. Am Ringkörper 62 ist eine Antriebstange 71 eines an einem Montagekörper 72 feststehend gehaltenen Umlenkgetriebes 70 angebracht. Dieses Umlenkgetriebe 70 ist mit dem als Stift ausgebildeten Lichtbogenkontakt 31 kraftschlüssig verbunden und bewegt den Stift 31 beim Ausschalten gegenläufig zum Schaltstück 20. Der Ringkörper 62 ist gasdicht in einem feststehend gehaltenen Zylinder 63 geführt, der typischerweise von einem Abschnitt des Kontaktträgers 32a des Nennstromkontakts 32 gebildet wird.The cylinder bottom 54 mechanically and electrically connects the arcing contact 21 to the rated current contact 22. At the upper end of the rated current contact 22, an insulating nozzle 60 which is closed by the arcing contact 31 in the switch-on position of the switch is arranged, which limits an heating volume 55 serving to receive arc-generated quenching gas upwards. The piston head 54 limits the heating volume down. At the free end of the insulating nozzle 60 serving as a blow-out opening 61, an annular body 62 is rigidly fastened. On the ring body 62, a drive rod 71 of a stationary mounted on a mounting body 72 deflection gear 70 is mounted. This deflecting gear 70 is non-positively connected to the formed as a pencil arcing contact 31 and moves the pin 31 when turning counterclockwise to the switching piece 20. The ring body 62 is gas-tight in a fixedly held cylinder 63 out, which is typically formed by a portion of the contact carrier 32 a of the rated current contact 32 becomes.

In der aus Fig.1 ersichtlichen Einschaltposition verläuft der Pfad eines vom Schalter geführten Stroms von dem als Stromanschluss wirkenden Montageflansch 41 über die Wand des Metallgusskörpers 40, einen in der Gleitführung des Nennstromkontakts 22 enthaltenen und vom Führungsbahnabschnitt 46 und dem Kontaktfingerkranz 22b gebildeten elektrischen Gleitkontakt und die Nennstromkontakte 22, 32 zum Stromanschluss 12.In the out Fig.1 apparent switching position extends the path of a current guided by the switch of the acting as a power connection mounting flange 41 on the wall of the metal casting 40, a contained in the slide of the rated current contact 22 and the guideway portion 46 and the contact finger ring 22b formed electrical sliding contact and the rated current contacts 22, 32 for Power connection 12.

Zum Unterbrechen des Stroms wird das Schaltstück 20 durch Schalterantrieb D nach unten verschoben und trennen sich zunächst die Nennstromkontakte 22, 32. Der abzuschaltende Strom kommutiert von den Nennstromkontakten in einen die beiden Lichtbogenkontakte 21, 31 enthaltenden Leistungsstrompfad, welcher nun vom Kontaktträger 22a des Nennstromkontakts 22, den Zylinderboden 54, den Lichtbogenkontakt 21 und den Lichtbogenkontakt 31 zum Stromanschluss 12 verläuft. Nach dem Trennen der Lichtbogenkontakte 21, 31 bildet sich ein aus Fig.2 ersichtlicher Schaltlichtbogen S, welcher heisses Lichtbogengas hohen Drucks erzeugt. Ein Teil des heissen Lichtbogengases entweicht zunächst als Auspuffgas in den hohlen Lichtbogenkontakt 21, expandiert durch den Gasauslass 21 b in den Auspuffraum 43, von dem aus es durch die Auspufföffnungen 47 in den frisches Isoliergas enthaltenden Speicherraum 11 strömt. Im Zwischenvolumen 44 gespeichertes frisches Isoliergas kommt mit dem in den Speicherraum 11 ausströmenden Auspuffgas nicht in Kontakt und behält seine guten dielektrischen Eigenschaften bei. Hierbei ist es zweckmässig, den Strömungsquerschnitt der Auspufföffnungen 47 mindestens dreimal so gross zu bemessen, wie den Strömungsquerschnitt der Ansaugöffnungen 48. Ein anderer Teil des heissen Lichtbogengases strömt ins Heizvolumen 55 und wird dort als komprimiertes Löschgas gespeichert. Gibt der Stift 31 die Engstelle 64 der Isolierdüse 60 frei, so strömt ein dritter Teil des Lichtbogengases als Ausblasgas durch die Düse 70 in ein Steuervolumen 73, dessen Rauminhalt in axialer Richtung vom Ringkörper 62 und einer feststehenden in den Montagekörper 72 integrierten Wand 74 bestimmt ist. Die Wand 74 weist einen Gasauslass 75 auf, durch den das Ausblasgas aus dem Steuervolumen 74 in den Speicherraum 11 geführt wird.To break the current, the contact piece 20 is moved downwards by switch drive D and first disconnect the rated current contacts 22, 32. The current to be disconnected commutes from the rated current contacts into a current path containing the two arcing contacts 21, 31, which now contacts the contact carrier 22a of the rated current contact 22 , the cylinder bottom 54, the arcing contact 21 and the arcing contact 31 to the power connector 12 extends. After disconnecting the arcing contacts 21, 31 is formed from a Fig.2 apparent switching arc S, which generates hot arc gas high pressure. Part of the hot arc gas escapes first as exhaust gas into the hollow arcing contact 21, expands through the gas outlet 21 b in the exhaust space 43, from which it flows through the exhaust ports 47 in the fresh insulating gas containing storage space 11. In the intermediate volume 44 stored fresh insulating gas does not come into contact with the exhaust gas flowing into the storage space 11 and maintains its good dielectric properties. In this case, it is expedient to dimension the flow cross section of the exhaust openings 47 at least three times as large as the flow cross section of the suction openings 48. Another part of the hot arc gas flows into the heating volume 55 and is stored there as compressed extinguishing gas. If the pin 31 releases the constriction 64 of the insulating nozzle 60, then a third part of the arc gas flows as blow-out gas through the nozzle 70 into a control volume 73 whose volume in the axial direction is determined by the annular body 62 and a fixed wall 74 integral with the mounting body 72 , The wall 74 has a gas outlet 75, through which the purge gas is guided from the control volume 74 into the storage space 11.

Beim Ausschalten wird die Grösse des Kompressionsraum 52 reduziert und erhöht sich dementsprechend der Druck des Löschgases im Kompressionsraum 52. Ein am Kolben 51 angebrachtes Überdruckventil 56 begrenzt den Druck im Kompressionsraum und sorgt so dafür, dass die Kraft des Antriebs klein gehalten werden kann. Ein im Zylinderboden 54 angeordnetes Rückschlagventil 57 verbindet den Kompressionsraum 52 mit den Heizvolumen 55, falls der lichtbogenunterstützte Druckaufbau im Heizvolumen 55 beim Abschalten kleiner Ströme zu gering ist. Im Zwischenvolumen 44 gespeichertes Löschgas ist frei von elektrisch leitenden Teilchen und weist daher besonders gute dielektrische Eigenschaften auf.When you turn off the size of the compression chamber 52 is reduced and increases accordingly, the pressure of the extinguishing gas in the compression chamber 52. A mounted on the piston 51 pressure relief valve 56 limits the pressure in the compression chamber, thus ensuring that the power of the drive can be kept small. A check valve 57 arranged in the cylinder bottom 54 connects the compression chamber 52 with the heating volume 55 if the arc-assisted pressure build-up in the heating volume 55 is too low when switching off small currents. In the intermediate volume 44 stored quenching gas is free of electrically conductive particles and therefore has particularly good dielectric properties.

Der Rauminhalt des Zwischenvolumens 44 ist so gewählt, dass er in der Einschaltposition des Schalters grösser als der Rauminhalt des Kompressionsraums 52 ist. Bei einer nachfolgenden Schnellwiedereinschaltung führt der Schalterantrieb D das Schaltstück 20 nach oben. Hierbei vergrössert sich das Volumen des Kompressionsraums 52 wieder und wird über ein im Kolben 51 angeordnetes Rückschlagventil 58 lediglich frisches Isoliergas aus dem Zwischenvolumen 44 in den Kompressionsraum 52 eingesaugt. Bei einem sich gegebenenfalls anschliessenden zweiten Ausschaltvorgang wird lediglich dieses frische Isoliergas im Kompressionsraum 52 zu dielektrisch hochwertigem Löschgas verdichtet und zur Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens S verwendet. Eine mit grosser Sicherheit ausreichende Menge an hochwertigem Löschgas steht dann zur Verfügung, wenn der Rauminhalt des Zwischenvolumens 44 mindestens das 1,2-fache des Rauminhalts des Kompressionsraums 52 beträgt.The volume of the intermediate volume 44 is selected so that it is greater than the volume of the compression space 52 in the switch-on position of the switch. In a subsequent rapid reclosing of the switch drive D leads the contact piece 20 upwards. In this case, the volume of the compression chamber 52 increases again and only a fresh insulating gas from the intermediate volume 44 is sucked into the compression space 52 via a check valve 58 arranged in the piston 51. In an optionally subsequent second switch-off process, only this fresh insulating gas is compressed in the compression chamber 52 to high-quality extinguishing gas dielectric and used to blow the switching arc S. A safe enough amount of high quality extinguishing gas is then available when the volume of the intermediate volume 44 is at least 1.2 times the volume of the compression space 52.

Durch Integration der Zwischenwand 42 in den Metallgusskörper 40 werden der Aufbau und die Fertigung des Schalters vereinfacht. Mit einem in einem Giessprozess kostengünstig zu fertigenden Bauteil werden nun das mechanische Führen des vom Antrieb D bewegten Schaltstücks 20, das Tragen des Schaltergehäuse 10, das Führen des Schalterstroms, das Übertragen des Schalterstroms ins Schaltstück 20 und das gasdichte Trennen von Auspuffraum 43 und Zwischenvolumen 44 erreicht. Da der Kolben 51 an einer Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers 40 befestigt ist, ergeben sich zusätzliche Funktionen, wie die axiale Begrenzung und die geeignete Bemessung des Zwischenvolumens 44, in fertigungstechnisch einfacher Weise durch sowieso benötigte Bauteile. Zudem ist der Rauminhalts des Zwischenvolumens 44 nun so bemessen, dass bei einer Schnellwiedereinschaltung der Kompressionsraum 52 unabhängig von der Qualität des im Speichervolumen 11 vorhandenen Isoliergases mit frischem Isoliergas versorgt wird, so dass für den der Schnellwiedereinschaltung folgenden Ausgangschaltvorgang ebensoviel hochwertiges Löschgas zur Verfügung wie für den vor der Schnellwiedereinschaltung ausgeführten Ausschaltvorgang. Der Rauminhalt des Kompressionsraums 52 kann daher klein gehalten und dementsprechend Antriebsenergie eingespart werden.By integrating the intermediate wall 42 into the metal casting body 40, the construction and manufacture of the switch are simplified. With a component to be manufactured inexpensively in a casting process, the mechanical guiding of the switching piece 20 moved by the drive D, the carrying of the switch housing 10, the passing of the switch current, the transfer of the switch current into the switching piece 20 and the gas-tight separation of the exhaust space 43 and intermediate volume 44 are now performed reached. Since the piston 51 is fixed to an end face of the metal casting 40, additional functions, such as the axial limitation and the appropriate dimensioning of the intermediate volume 44, result in components which are required in a production-related simple manner. In addition, the volume content of the intermediate volume 44 is now dimensioned so that the compression space 52 is supplied regardless of the quality of existing in the storage volume 11 insulating gas with fresh insulating gas, so that as high-quality extinguishing gas available for the fast reclosing following output switching as for the Switch-off process carried out before the quick restart. The volume of the compression space 52 can therefore be kept small and accordingly drive energy can be saved.

Der Metallgusskörper 40 und der Kolben 51 tragen zugleich jeweils auch einen von zwei Abschnitten der Führungsbahn der Gleitführung des hohlen Lichtbogenkontakts 21 und der Führungsbahn der Gleitführung des hohlen Nennstromkontakts 22. Da der Kolben 51 und damit auch das Überdruckventil 56 und das beim Schnellwiedereinschalten ein Nachfüllen des Kompressionsraums 52 mit dem frischen Isoliergas aus dem Zwischenvolumen 44 ermöglichende Rückschlagventil 58 leicht an der Stirnseite des Metallgusskörpers 40 befestigt werden können und beim Befestigung die einzelnen Abschnitte unter Bildung der Führungsbahnen der beiden vorgenannten Gleitführungen zusammengeführt werden, vereinfacht sich die Fertigung des Schalters erheblich.The metal cast body 40 and the piston 51 at the same time also each carry one of two sections of the guideway of the sliding guide of the hollow arcing contact 21 and the guide rail of the sliding guide of the hollow rated current contact 22. Since the piston 51 and thus also the pressure relief valve 56 and the fast re-switching a refilling of the Compression space 52 with the fresh insulating gas from the intermediate volume 44 enabling check valve 58 can be easily attached to the front side of the metal body 40 and the individual sections are joined together to form the guideways of the two aforementioned sliding guides, simplifies the manufacture of the switch considerably.

Zusätzliche Antriebsenergie wird dadurch eingespart, dass der Ringkörper 62 gasdicht im feststehend gehaltenen Zylinder 63 geführt ist, und dass der Zylinder 63 das die Ausblasgase aus der Isolierdüse 60 aufnehmendes Steuervolumen 73 begrenzt. Das Schaltstück 20 wirkt dann als Differentialkolben, auf dessen obere Kolbenfläche der Druck der ins Steuervolumen 73 tretenden Ausblasgase (Pfeile in Fig.2) und auf dessen untere Kolbenfläche der Druck des im Kompressionsraum 52 befindlichen Löschgases wirkt, und der so den Antrieb D unterstützt. Eine besonders gute Antriebsunterstützung wird erreicht, wenn der Rauminhalt des Steuervolumens 73 und der Strömungsquerschnitt des Gasauslasses 75 so bestimmt sind, dass oberhalb eines Grenzwerts des im Kompressionsraum 52 herrschenden Drucks des Löschgases der Druck der Ausblasgase im Steuervolumen 73 so hoch ist, dass sich eine im Kompressionsraum 52 durch den Druck des Löschgases hervorgerufene und auf den Schalterantrieb D wirkende erste Kraft und eine durch den Druck der Ausblasgase im Steuervolumen 73 hervorgerufene und entgegen der ersten Kraft auf den Schalterantrieb D wirkende zweite Kraft einander weitgehend kompensieren.Additional drive energy is saved by the fact that the annular body 62 is guided gas-tight in the stationary held cylinder 63, and that the cylinder 63 limits the exhaust gas from the insulating 60 receiving control volume 73. The switching piece 20 then acts as a differential piston, on the upper piston surface of the pressure of the control volume 73 passing exhaust gases (arrows in Fig.2 ) and on whose lower piston surface the pressure of the extinguishing gas located in the compression chamber 52 acts, and thus supports the drive D. A particularly good drive assistance is achieved if the volume of the control volume 73 and the flow cross section of the gas outlet 75 are determined so that above a limit of the pressure prevailing in the compression chamber 52 pressure of the quenching gas, the pressure of the purge gases in the control volume 73 is so high that a in the Compression space 52 caused by the pressure of the quenching gas and acting on the switch drive D first force and caused by the pressure of the exhaust gases in the control volume 73 and counter to the first force acting on the switch drive D second force largely compensate each other.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Schaltergehäuseswitch housing
1111
Speicherraumstorage space
1212
Stromanschlusspower connection
2020
Schaltstückswitching piece
2121
LichtbogenkontaktArcing contact
21 a21 a
Kontaktträger des Lichtbogenkontakts 21Contact carrier of the arcing contact 21
21 b21 b
Gasauslassgas outlet
2222
NennstromkontaktCurrent Rating Contact
22a22a
Kontaktträger des Nennstromkontakts 22Contact carrier of the rated current contact 22
22b22b
Kranz von KontaktfingernWreath of contact fingers
3030
Schaltstückswitching piece
3131
LichtbogenkontaktArcing contact
3232
NennstromkontaktCurrent Rating Contact
32a32a
Kontaktträger des Nennstromkontakts 32Contact carrier of the rated current contact 32
4040
MetallgusskörperCast metal body
4141
Montageflanschmounting flange
4242
Zwischenwandpartition
4343
Auspuffraumexhaust space
4444
Zwischenvolumenintermediate volume
45, 4645, 46
Abschnitte von FührungsbahnenSections of guideways
4747
Auspufföffnungenexhaust openings
4848
Ansaugöffnungensuction
5050
Kolben-Zylinder-KompressionsvorrichtungPiston-cylinder compression device
5151
Kolbenpiston
5252
Kompressionsraumcompression chamber
5353
Zylindercylinder
5454
Zylinderbodencylinder base
5555
Heizvolumenheating volume
5656
ÜberdruckventilPressure relief valve
57, 5857, 58
Rückschlagventilecheck valves
6060
Isolierdüseinsulating
6161
Ausblasöffnungexhaust vent
6262
Ringkörperring body
6363
Zylindercylinder
6464
Engstellebottleneck
7070
Umlenkgetriebedeflecting
7171
Antriebsstangedrive rod
7272
Montagekörpermounting body
7373
Steuervolumencontrol volume
7474
Wandwall
7575
Gasauslassgas outlet
AA
Achseaxis
DD
Schalterantriebswitch drive
SS
SchaltlichtbogenSwitching arc

Claims (8)

  1. High-voltage switch with
    a housing (10) which is filled with insulating gas and delimits a storage space (11) for the insulating gas,
    a contact arrangement held in the housing (10) and having two switching pieces (20, 30), which can be shifted relative to one another along an axis (A) and of which one first switching piece (20), which can be moved by a drive (D) of the switch, has, in a coaxial arrangement, a hollow arcing contact (21) and a hollow rated-current contact (22) surrounding the hollow arcing contact (21),
    a first gas outlet (21b) formed into the wall of a tubular contact carrier (21a) of the hollow arcing contact (21),
    an annular exhaust space (43), which is passed around a section, containing the first gas outlet (21b), of the tubular contact carrier (21a) and communicates with the storage space (11) via an exhaust opening (47) which is passed radially outwards,
    a piston/cylinder compression apparatus (50) which can be actuated by the drive (D) with an annular compression space (52) for accommodating quenching gas, and
    an intermediate volume (44), which is arranged between the compression space (52) and the exhaust space (43) and which is separated from the exhaust space (43) by an intermediate wall (42), communicates with the storage space (11) via an intake opening (48) which is passed radially outwards and, during making of the switch, is connected to the compression space (52) via a nonreturn valve (58),
    characterized in that the intermediate wall (42) is part of a hollow metal cast body (40), which delimits the exhaust space (43) and the intermediate volume (44) radially on the outside and contains the exhaust opening (47) and the intake opening (48), in that the piston (51) of the piston/cylinder compression apparatus (50) is fastened on an end side of the metal cast body (40) and axially delimits the intermediate volume (44), and in that, in the make position of the switch, the capacity of the intermediate volume (44), which is determined by the axial distance between the intermediate wall (42) and the piston (51), is greater than the capacity of the compression space (52).
  2. Switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the capacity of the intermediate volume (44) is at least 1.2 times the capacity of the compression space (52)
  3. Switch according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a first section (45) of a guide track for sliding guidance of the hollow arcing contact (21) is formed into the intermediate wall (42), and a first section (46) of a guide track for sliding guidance of the hollow rated-current contact (22) is formed into the outer surface of the metal cast body (40).
  4. Switch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the metal cast body (40) consists of aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
  5. Switch according to Claim 4, characterized in that a first section containing the first guide track section (46) for sliding guidance of the hollow rated-current contact (22), of the metal cast body (40) has a greater wall thickness than an adjoining second section which ends in an end side of the metal cast body (40).
  6. Switch according to Claim 5, characterized in that the piston (51) bears a second guide track section for sliding guidance of the hollow arcing contact (21) and sliding guidance of the hollow rated-current contact (22).
  7. Switch according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the second switching piece (30) has a pin-shaped arcing contact (31), which is moved in the opposite direction to the hollow arcing contact (21) of the first switching piece (20) in the event of a break operation via an insulating nozzle (60) fastened on the first switching piece (20) and a fixedly held deflecting gear (70), the drive force required for the movement being introduced into the deflecting gear (70) via an annular body (62) which is fastened rigidly to the blowout end of the insulating nozzle (60) characterized in that the annular body (62) is guided in a gas-tight manner in a fixedly held cylinder (63), and in that the cylinder (63) delimits a control volume (73), which accommodates blowout gases from the insulating nozzle (60) and whose capacity in the axial direction is determined by the annular body (62) and a fixed wall (74) containing a second gas outlet (75).
  8. Switch according to Claim 7, characterized in that the capacity of the control volume (73) and the flow cross section of the second gas outlet (75) are determined in such a way that the pressure of the blowout gases in the control volume (73) is so high above a limit value for the pressure of the quenching gas prevailing in the compression space (52) that a first force which is brought about in the compression space (52) by the pressure of the quenching gas and acts on the switch drive (D) and a second force which is brought about by the pressure of the blowout gases in the control volume (73) and counteracts the first force on the switch drive (D) compensate for one another.
EP09165985A 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 High voltage switch Active EP2278604B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES09165985T ES2384425T3 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 High voltage switch
AT09165985T ATE549731T1 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCH
EP09165985A EP2278604B1 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 High voltage switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09165985A EP2278604B1 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 High voltage switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2278604A1 EP2278604A1 (en) 2011-01-26
EP2278604B1 true EP2278604B1 (en) 2012-03-14

Family

ID=41381622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09165985A Active EP2278604B1 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 High voltage switch

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2278604B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE549731T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2384425T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6823082B2 (en) * 2016-12-16 2021-02-03 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 Gas insulated switchgear

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2694987B1 (en) 1992-08-21 1994-10-07 Alsthom Gec High-voltage circuit breaker with a cut-out chamber with variable blowing volume.
FR2696274B1 (en) 1992-09-29 1994-11-04 Alsthom Gec Self-blowing high voltage circuit breaker having a reduced gas compression interrupting chamber.
US5478980A (en) 1994-04-05 1995-12-26 Abb Power T&D Company, Inc. Compact low force dead tank circuit breaker interrupter
DE19730583B4 (en) * 1996-08-01 2007-06-21 Areva Energietechnik Gmbh Air blast switch
DE29706202U1 (en) 1997-03-27 1997-06-05 Siemens Ag Pressurized gas circuit breaker
DE19858793A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-21 Alstom Energietechnik Gmbh Gas pressure switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE549731T1 (en) 2012-03-15
ES2384425T3 (en) 2012-07-04
EP2278604A1 (en) 2011-01-26

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