EP3758930A1 - Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur - Google Patents
Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstrukturInfo
- Publication number
- EP3758930A1 EP3758930A1 EP19704656.8A EP19704656A EP3758930A1 EP 3758930 A1 EP3758930 A1 EP 3758930A1 EP 19704656 A EP19704656 A EP 19704656A EP 3758930 A1 EP3758930 A1 EP 3758930A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- composite structure
- foam
- structure according
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920002397 thermoplastic olefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 47
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 336
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006124 polyolefin elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229920005653 propylene-ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037390 scarring Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- OLAQBFHDYFMSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,2-bis(7-methyloctyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC1(C([O-])=O)CCCCC1(CCCCCCC(C)C)C([O-])=O OLAQBFHDYFMSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCCCC QZCLKYGREBVARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000034 Plastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002998 adhesive polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001278 adipic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006341 elastomeric alloy Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010020 roller printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- SFRQIPRTNYHJHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sha-68 Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1CNC(=O)N1CC(C(OC2=O)(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)N2CC1 SFRQIPRTNYHJHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009823 thermal lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B38/06—Embossing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
- B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
- B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
- B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
- B60R21/215—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components characterised by the covers for the inflatable member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/582—Tearability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite structure as a cover for an airbag cover, a sewing product and a method for producing the composite structure and the sewing product.
- Airbags are used in motor vehicles in various places, for example in steering wheels,
- the plastic carrier in all its layers one or more material weakenings, so-called. Breaking points, which define the firing channel of the airbag.
- Breaking points which define the firing channel of the airbag.
- the cover of the airbag in the region of the airbag flap with a so-called tear seam so that it can open unhindered in the event of a collision and the airbag can deploy.
- the dashboard is provided with the integrated airbag flap with a coating without tear seam.
- this coating must have a material weakening in the area of the airbag flap, so that a secure airbag shot, that is the secure opening of the airbag flap and the deployment of the airbag in the event of an impact, remains ensured.
- the opening of the coating during the airbag shot along the material weakenings must also take place within a predetermined time window.
- an uncontrolled particle flight by flying fragments of the coating must be avoided in any case.
- film materials can be used. These film materials must show a required tear behavior, which must take place within defined timeframes, the deployment of the airbag, a particle flight is avoided and the protection of the passenger is guaranteed.
- the produced skin is foam-backed with a foam.
- This foam is simultaneously connected to a stable carrier part.
- the airbag flap is driven by the bag against the foam at an airbag opening, which breaks. in the further course of the flap hits the compact inner layer of the two-ply
- Material weakening for airbag covers can be used.
- foam film laminates for airbag covers is described in DE 10 2014 213 974 A1.
- the foam film laminate described therein comprises a compact cover layer and a foam layer having a density of at least 350 kg / m 3 on the underside of the cover layer, wherein the cover layer has an outer layer and an inner layer.
- film laminates for airbag covers is also described in DE 10 2016 206 340 Al.
- the film laminate described therein comprises a compact cover layer and a foam layer having a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 4 mm and a density of 40 to 200 kg / m 3 on the underside of the cover layer, wherein the cover layer can be made in two layers.
- a disadvantage of these composite structures is the considerable wrinkling, so that they are difficult to handle, for example during processing, in particular during sewing.
- the composite structures should be easy to sew.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a composite structure and a sewing product having an excellent combination of properties, such as tearing properties and haptics, with simultaneously improved wrinkling and handling during processing, especially in sewing.
- the subject of the present invention is in particular the following: [1] Composite structure comprising a foam layer, a textile layer, a cover layer and a lacquer layer in this order, wherein the foam layer has a density of at most 300 kg / m 3 and contains a polyolefin, the cover layer is thermoplastic and comprises at least two compact part layers of different composition wherein each sub-layer contains at least one thermoplastic selected from polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride.
- the composite structure according to the invention has a tear behavior that meets the requirements for the airbag opening, without having to weaken the composite structure or decorative material. On the one hand, this avoids a visible weakening line, which is rated as a flaw in the design.
- the main advantage is that the manufacturing costs can be reduced.
- the composite structure according to the invention represents a cost-effective alternative to the high-priced PVC or PUR materials with spacer materials.
- the sewability of the composite structure according to the invention allows use as an alternative to the materials mentioned.
- the composite structure according to the invention can also be used in luxury vehicles.
- the composite structures of the invention have a low wrinkling on buckling. As a result, they are easier to handle and in particular allow easier sewing.
- the composite structures according to the invention have further properties which are advantageous when sewing. These properties are
- the material basis in this layer can be selected to meet specific requirements such as surface resistances, gloss, grain, age resistance and the like.
- Another advantage is the easy recyclability of the composite structure according to the invention, when a polyolefin foam and a thermoplastic polyolefin are used as a cover layer, since they belong to the same family of compounds.
- Figure 1 shows the results of elongation at break tests of composite structures according to the invention (Example 1: dashed line, Example 2: dotted line) and a composite structure of the prior art (C212: solid line).
- the composite structure according to the invention comprises a foam layer, a textile layer, a cover layer and a lacquer layer in this order, wherein the foam layer has a density of at most 300 kg / m 3 and contains a polyolefin, preferably polypropylene, which
- Cover layer is thermoplastic and comprises at least two compact sub-layers of different composition, each sub-layer at least one below polyolefin and
- Polyvinyl chloride contains selected thermoplastics.
- thermoplastic polyolefin if all three sub-layers contain or consist of a thermoplastic polyolefin, which have the same composition as the inner sub-layer of the outer layer and the outer sub-layer of the textile layer, and the middle sub-layer has a different composition
- the PVC layer which is in contact with the textile layer serves as an adhesive layer.
- the composite structure according to the invention comprises a
- polypropylene-based, sharpened foam layer having a thickness of 1.0 to 5.0 mm, a textile layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 1.0 mm, a cover layer having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm and a
- Lacquer layer of a thickness of 1 to 30 pm in this order, wherein the foam layer has a density of 50 to 100 kg / m 3 , the cover layer is thermoplastic and at least two compact Partial layers of different composition, wherein each partial layer contains at least one thermoplastic material selected from polyolefin and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the
- Composite structure has a Shore A hardness of 20 to 45 and optionally an elongation at break of 80 to 220%.
- the composite structure according to the invention is preferably as a tearable cover for a
- Airbag cover suitable suitable.
- suitable as a tearable cover for an airbag cover means that the composite structure according to the invention is arranged in an area of the airbag cover where the predetermined breaking point of the cover is located Tearing of the composite structure according to the invention.
- the composite structure according to the invention can have the desired properties, for.
- easy sewing processability the composite structure should not be too hard. Therefore, the Shore A hardness of the composite structure of the present invention is preferably 20 to 45, and more preferably 30 to 45.
- the composite structure according to the invention preferably has no material weakening.
- material weakening may mean any physical weakening and may refer, for example, to an area where material has been removed to form frangible lines, or a tear seam or perforation line
- the composite structure according to the invention is preferably "without weakening", the said weakening of the material is therefore not present in the composite structure according to the invention.
- Elongation at break (according to ISO 1421) of the composite structure according to the invention is preferably between 60 and 250%, more preferably between 80 and 220% and even more preferably between 100 and 200%.
- the elongations at break of the other layers of the composite structure are in the same range, with the difference in breaking elongation of each layer to the breaking elongation of the composite being less than 50%, more preferably less than 20% and even more preferably less than 10%.
- the adhesion between the individual layers is according to ISO 2411 preferably so high that a separation of two layers, ie of the cover layer and textile layer and textile layer and
- Foam layer without destruction of the layers is not possible.
- the separation of the foam layer from a textile layer bonded thereto without destruction of the foam layer is not possible.
- This goal can be achieved by properly selecting the type of adhesive that bonds the foam layer to the textile layer.
- the composite structure according to the invention has a suitable puncture breaking strength. This is preferably at least 40 N according to DIN EN ISO 23910.
- the foam layer contains polyolefin foam or consists of polyolefin foam.
- the polyolefins can be used, which below with respect to the
- thermoplastic polyolefins are described.
- the foam layer consists of or contains polypropylene foam (PP foam) in a preferred embodiment.
- Polypropylene (PP) is understood here to mean those polymers or copolymers whose proportion by weight of propylene is> 50% by weight.
- additives such as e.g. Lubricants, stabilizers, fillers, such as inorganic fillers, and / or pigment may be included.
- thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO) described below with respect to the cover layer can also be used for the foam layer.
- the preferred polypropylene used may be selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polypropylene-ethylene copolymer, metallocene-polypropylene, metallocene-polypropylene-ethylene copolymer, polypropylene-based polyolefin plastomer, polypropylene-based
- Polypropylene-based thermoplastic polyolefin blend is flomopolypropylene and / or polypropylene-ethylene copolymer and / or metallocene flomopolypropylene.
- the thickness of the foam layer is preferably 1.0 to 5.0 mm, more preferably 2.0 to 5.0 mm, and even more preferably 3.0 to 4.5 mm.
- the density of the foam layer is preferably less than 300 kg / m 3 , more preferably less than 200 kg / m 3, and even more preferably less than 100 kg / m 3 .
- the density of the foam layer is more preferably in a range of 30 to 300 kg / m 3 , more preferably 30 to 150 kg / m 3, and even more preferably 40 to 100 kg / m 3 .
- a measure of the softness of the foam layer is the gel content.
- the gel content is an indication of the degree of crosslinking of the polymer. The lower the gel content, the softer the foam layer.
- the foam layer used in the composite structure of the present invention has a gel content of preferably 20 to 80%, more preferably 30 to 60%, and even more preferably 40 to 60%.
- the foamed layer is preferably formed by foam extrusion.
- the layer of foamed plastic is generated by the fact that the plastic melt during the
- an inert gas is advantageously used as blowing agent or a blowing agent is used which contains an inert gas.
- Suitable inert gases in the process are all inert gases known to the person skilled in the art, CO2 or N2 having proven to be particularly advantageous with regard to price, environmental compatibility and foaming behavior.
- the foam material may then be, e.g. thermally or by gluing, with the compact two-ply cover layer, be joined in the form of a sheet material, so that a multilayer plastic film is formed with a foamed layer. It is also possible to first bond the foam layer to the inner layer and then attach the outer layer to the inner layer.
- the foam contained in the foam layer may be open-cell or closed-cell.
- a so-called sharpened foam is obtained
- the web of foam is sharpened such that, for example, at least 2%, 5%, 10% or 20% of the thickness of a region or the whole Web is removed on one or both surfaces, with preferred ranges being 2 to 20% or 5 to 15% on one or both surfaces, the sharpened web then having a thickness of preferably 1 to 5 mm Foam film is significantly softer, and the material can be better handled in the process of making the Näh Stationer and laminating.
- the foam can before forming d he sharpened composite structure, wherein one or both surfaces can be sharpened. Both surfaces are preferred over the entire surface sharpened. After joining the foam with the cover layer or with the textile layer, it can be sharpened on the still free surface.
- sharpened open-faced foam also has the advantage that, in the bonding area with another layer, the material of that other layer or adhesive can penetrate into the open cells and a firmer bond can be achieved by the anchoring thus obtained.
- Sharpening in the seam area may be performed with a sharpening machine, e.g. FORTUNA NG6 (rotating bell knife with adjustable blade speed).
- FORTUNA NG6 rotating bell knife with adjustable blade speed
- the foam layer can be reduced to half the original thickness.
- the reduction in foam thickness is preferably such that the thickness in the seam region does not differ from the thickness in the adjacent, non-thickness-reduced region or at most 50%, preferably at most 30%, more preferably at most 20% and even more preferably at most 10% greater.
- the properties of the composite structure are chosen so that sufficient seam strength according to DIN ISO 23910 is achieved, without an extra introduced sewing aid, e.g. a thin textile, must be used.
- the seam strength is partly due to the thickness and structure of the
- the foam layer has, for example, a thickness of 3.5 mm.
- the cover layer has, for example, a thickness of 0.5 mm.
- the total thickness is therefore 4.0 mm. If the overall thickness is to be retained when the seam lug of a composite structure is folded over, 4.0 mm must be removed in this area. This can be achieved by removing 2.0 mm of the foam layer so that the foam layer only has a thickness of 1.5 mm. When this area is folded over, the overlap area then leaves a 3.0 mm foam overall thickness, so that the properties of the composite structure in this area and the properties of the composite structure in other areas are at least similar.
- a foam layer is contained, which has been subjected to a full-surface sharpening of at least one surface, in particular both surfaces. Even more preferred is a foam layer which has undergone both full surface sharpening of both surfaces as well as seam sharpening.
- polyolefins examples include 15 to 75 parts by weight of an olefin block copolymer and 25 to 85 parts by weight of a propylene-based polymer and have a crosslinking degree of 20 to 75%. These polyolefins preferably contain closed cells.
- the degree of crosslinking may be from 30 to 50%, with cross-links being made with from 3 to 4 parts by weight of divinylbenzene crosslinker per 100 parts by weight of the resin.
- polyolefins which can be prepared, for example, according to US 9260577B2, have the following properties:
- the cover layer is thermoplastic. It contains a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) and / or a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Preferably, the cover layer consists of a TPO or PVC.
- TPO thermoplastic polyolefin
- PVC thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride
- the cover layer consists of a TPO or PVC.
- a layer "contains" TPO or PVC means that it preferably consists of at least 30% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight and even more preferably 100%, of TPO or PVC
- the expression that a layer "bases" on TPO or PVC means that it consists of at least 50% by weight, preferably 100%, of TPO or PVC.
- the cover layer has at least two partial layers.
- the sub-layer closest to the foam layer is referred to as the inner sub-layer.
- the partial layer closest to the lacquer layer is referred to as the outer layer. If there are three sub-layers, the intermediate sub-layer is called the middle sub-layer.
- the cover layer comprises two or three partial layers.
- the cover layer consists of or contains a thermoplastic selected from TPO and / or PVC.
- the thermoplastic is in at least one of the sub-layers and preferably in all Partial layers included. If both TPO and PVC are included, they may be contained in the same sub-layer or in different sub-layers.
- the bonding between the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer can be done in the usual way, e.g. thermally or by gluing.
- the Shore A hardness of the cover layer is at most 90, more preferably at most 85, and in the case of a PVC-based cover layer at most 60, more preferably at most 50.
- a range of 30 to 60 is preferred, and 30 to 50 is more preferred.
- the material composition of the outer layer material and that of the inner layer material is different. This can be done, for example, by varying the type and / or proportions of the polymers used and / or varying the amount and / or type of the additives, in particular fillers. With three or more layers, the material composition of adjacent layers is different. Therefore, you can
- three layers have the inner and the outer same composition.
- the thickness of the cover layer is preferably 0.2 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 0.7 mm, and even more preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm.
- the partial layers may have the same or different thickness. In one embodiment, with two layers, the outer layer may be thicker than the inner one.
- both have a thickness of preferably 100 to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 to 250 ⁇ m. In the case of three partial layers, all preferably have a thickness of from 70 to 250 ⁇ m, more preferably from 100 to 200 ⁇ m.
- two partial layers of PVC both have a thickness of preferably 100 to 500 pm. In the case of three partial layers, all preferably have a thickness of from 100 to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably from 150 to 500 ⁇ m.
- this layer preferably has a thickness of 20 to 80 ⁇ m, and the other two
- Partial layers of PVC preferably have a thickness of 100 to 600 pm, more preferably 150 to 500 pm.
- the cover layer is compact.
- the cover layer is not foamed.
- the density of the cover layer is preferably higher than 800 kg / m 3, and more preferably higher than 850 kg / m 3 . This applies independently for each sublayer.
- the structure according to the invention contains at least two compact partial layers in the cover layer. That is, each of the two sub-layers has a density of preferably higher than 800 kg / cm 3 .
- the gel content for the cover layer is also a measure of the softness of the layer.
- the topcoat used in the composite structure according to the invention has a gel content from preferably 0 to 20%, more preferably from more than 0% to at most 20%.
- the gel content is more preferably 3 to 20% or 5 to 20%.
- the gel content is more preferably 1 to 10% or 1 to 5%.
- the cover layer used in one embodiment in the composite structure according to the invention contains or consists of thermoplastic polyolefin.
- TPO Thermoplastic polyolefins are polyolefins are polymers that
- alkenes such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene or isobutene by chain polymerization. They are semi-crystalline thermoplastics that are easy to process.
- TPO polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PMP polymethylpentene
- PIB Polyisobutylene
- PB polybutylene
- PE polyethylene
- Polypropylene is understood here to mean those polymers or copolymers whose proportion by weight of propylene is> 50% by weight.
- TPO examples of TPO are blends of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).
- PE examples include HDPE, LDPE and LLDPE.
- HDPE has weakly branched polymer chains and therefore has a high density between 0.94 g / cm 3 and 0.97 g / cm 3 , with a stress at the
- LLDPE Yield strength of 20.0 to 30.0 N / mm 2 and an elongation of 12% of the yield strength.
- LDPE has highly branched polymer chains and therefore has a low density between 0.915 g / cm 3 and 0.935 g / cm 3 , with a stress at the yield strength of 8.0 to 10.0 N / mm 2 and elongation of 20% at the yield point.
- LLDPE is a linear low density polyethylene whose polymer molecules have only short branches and has a stress at the yield strength of 10.0 to 30.0 N / mm 2 and an elongation of 16% at yield strength.
- TPO can be influenced by admixing elastomers or other substances such as talc.
- TPO can be made hard or soft.
- Hard TPO exists z. B. to 75% of PP and talc.
- Soft TPO has a significantly higher elastomer content, sometimes up to 70%.
- thermoplastic elastomers can be added. These are also thermoplastics that behave elastically in the range of normal use temperatures, but can be processed at a higher temperature such as thermoplastics.
- copolymers are random copolymers or block copolymers. The former consist of a main polymer such. As polyethylene, its degree of crystallization by a random built-in along the chain Comonomer such. B. vinyl acetate is reduced so far.
- block copolymers the hard and soft segments are sharply separated in one molecule (eg SBS, SIS).
- copolymers may consist of a soft elastomeric and a hard thermoplastic component.
- Elastomeric alloys are blends of finished polymers. Due to different mixing ratios and aggregate you get desired properties. For example, depending on the quantitative ratio, a polyolefin elastomer of polypropylene (PP) and natural rubber (NR) covers a wide range of hardness.
- PP polypropylene
- NR natural rubber
- TPO examples include blends of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) with polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP), blends of ethylene-propylene rubber (EPM) with polypropylene (PP) and / or polyethylene (PE ) and ethylene-propylene blends.
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
- PP polypropylene
- EPM ethylene-propylene rubber
- the outer layer used in one embodiment in the composite structure according to the invention contains or consists of thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- PVC thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride
- the properties of PVC are adjusted by the addition of plasticizers.
- the addition of plasticizers gives the polymer plastic properties, such as flexibility and softness.
- plasticizers give the polymer plastic properties, such as flexibility and softness.
- phthalic acid esters can phthalic acid esters, chloroparaffins, adipic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters
- PVC can be up to 40
- PVC can be added to improve the physical properties, such as toughness and elasticity, as well as to improve the processability with additives.
- additives are stabilizers and impact modifiers.
- PVC without plasticizer can have elongation at break / tear strength
- the inner cover layer is a PVC layer, it can simultaneously serve as an adhesive for adhering to the textile layer.
- the surface finish is used to protect the artificial leather from chemical agents, physical damage, such as scratches or abrasion, and UV radiation.
- the surface finish can further reduce the surface adhesion of the artificial leather.
- lacquers which are suitable for surface refinement of artificial leather for the interior sector have proven of vehicles.
- solvent- or water-based polyurethanes which are cross-linked with isocyanates or provided with properties for UV curing are suitable.
- the surface coating is preferably formed continuously over the composite structure and covers it completely.
- the surface coating is formed from at least one lacquer layer, but may be formed from a plurality of lacquer layers, preferably it is formed from one to four lacquer layers.
- the surface finish for protecting the surface usually consists of one or more, preferably up to four, transparent lacquer layers.
- the surface finish may also be colored, e.g. by adding
- the surface coating is formed by applying a lacquer in one or preferably several jobs.
- the coating is preferably done by gravure but can also be done with other methods, such as. Roller application, spray application or in one
- the surface finish may be applied in the form of a lacquer layer in a two-stage roller printing process.
- the surface coating has a thickness in the range of a few micrometers, preferably 1 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m and even more preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the lacquer layer is preferably a polyurethane lacquer layer.
- An example of a surface finish is a paint based on a silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane. This paint can be applied in a thickness of for example 5 pm.
- the composite structure preferably has a grain.
- the compact cover layer or outer layer of the cover layer preferably has on the upper side a three-dimensionally structured surface, namely a so-called graining, which can be found in a wide variety of shapes and forms
- the grain has heights and depths, wherein the thickness of the cover layer in the region of the heights of the thickness of the cover layer in the region of the depths, for example by at least 0.01 mm, by at least 0.05 mm, by at least 0.1 mm or at least 0.5 mm different.
- the graining is covered with the varnish layer.
- the graining may be present in the varnish layer as well as in the topcoat, depending on the manufacturing process. If the
- the grain can be produced by conventional methods.
- the grain can as
- Paper color are generated.
- the starting material is applied as a PVC or PU mass to a structured support material, e.g. a releasepaper, deleted. After that, that will
- the graining or embossing is preferably introduced by means of embossing roller with the application of pressure and temperature after painting in the artificial leather surface. Due to the grain, the composite structure has areas of greater and lesser thickness.
- the textile layer contains or consists of a textile material.
- the textile material may be, for example, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric or a knit fabric.
- the textile material may be made, for example, of natural materials, e.g. cotton, or man-made fibers of natural and synthetic raw materials, e.g. Polyamide, polyester, or glass fibers, but also out
- the textile material is a mesh structure, i. H. a knitted or knitted fabric so that fully assembled parts can be produced.
- a mesh structure i. H. a knitted or knitted fabric so that fully assembled parts can be produced.
- This has the advantage that with the elasticity typical of mesh structures, the fully assembled parts have an optimum fit, so that they can be used without further processing steps.
- the textile layer may be bonded to the adjacent layers by means of adhesive.
- the textile layer is bonded with an adhesive both to the foam layer and to the cover layer.
- the partial layer of the cover layer adjoining the textile layer is a PVC layer, it is possible to dispense with an adhesive between the textile layer and the cover layer.
- the PVC layer serves as an adhesive.
- textile material is preferably processed with lower tear resistance.
- the thickness of the textile layer is preferably 0.05 to 2.0 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.8 mm.
- the adhesive used in the present invention is preferably a conventional hot melt adhesive known in the art.
- the adhesive is used, for example, in a thickness of 40 pm.
- a preferred hot melt adhesive is based on polyurethane (PUR).
- Lacquer layer may have adhesive properties, so they without the addition of another adhesive can firmly stick together.
- the adhesive referred to in the present invention therefore refers to a material that differs from the material of the respective layers involved
- Another preferred embodiment of the composite structure according to the invention comprises a foam layer, an adhesive layer, a textile layer, an adhesive layer, a cover layer and a lacquer layer in this order.
- the cover layer contains a partial layer of PVC adjacent to the foam layer, it can serve as an adhesive layer.
- Fracture resistance test according to VDA 230-225 is used, then the fold area was subjected to a load of 1.4 kg for one minute, the sample piece removed, placed on a flat surface and then visually assessed as to whether the sample piece in the
- Adhesive polymer / foam, polymer / textile and textile / foam ISO 2411
- Faux leathers of the composition given in Table 1 were produced.
- the arrangement of the sublayers from top to bottom shown in Table 1 corresponds to the arrangement from the outside inwards in the composite structure, that is to say in the direction of
- Lacquer layer to the foam layer.
- the synthetic leather of Comparative Example 1 has the following structure:
- Layer 0 Lacquer based on silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane, approx. 5 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 1 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 2 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 3 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 4 Polypropylene foam (3500 to 4000 ⁇ m layer thickness, sharpened foam) Layers 1 to 3 correspond to layers AA-B in Table 1.
- the composite structure can be produced by a process comprising the following steps:
- An alternative method comprises the following steps:
- the artificial leather of Example 1 has the following structure:
- Layer 0 Lacquer based on silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane, about 5 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 1 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 2 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 3 compact TPO layer (about 130 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 4 100% polyester textile, 400 to 600 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 5 Polypropylene foam (3500 to 4000 pm layer thickness, sharpened foam)
- Layers 1 to 3 correspond to layers A-B-A in Table 1.
- the composite structure can be produced by a process comprising the following steps:
- Step (v) may be performed before step (iv).
- An alternative method comprises the following steps:
- the artificial leather of Example 2 has the following structure:
- Layer 0 Lacquer based on silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane, about 5 ⁇ m thick
- PVC foam layer (about 430 ⁇ m layer thickness) (PVC2)
- Layer 3 compact adhesive layer based on PVC (approx. 40 ⁇ m layer thickness) (PVC3)
- Layer 4 100% polyester textile, 400 to 600 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 5 Polypropylene foam (3500 to 4000 pm layer thickness, sharpened foam)
- PVC3 serves as an adhesive layer.
- Layers 1 to 3 correspond to layers PVC1 to PVC3 in Table 1.
- the composite structure can be produced by a process comprising the following steps:
- Experiment 1 Wrinkling after 1 minute of room temperature buckling at a load of 1.4 kg.
- Experiment 2 Wrinkling after each 1 minute of bending at room temperature and 90 ° C at a load of 1.4 kg.
- the wrinkling was graded after bending in the longitudinal, transverse and diagonal directions:
- Airbag tearing properties were examined at -35 ° C, 23 ° C and 85 ° C.
- thermoplastic polyolefin partial layers having the following Shore A hardness (ShA) were used: XAKU: ShA 71; XZCI: ShA 86; XAKY: ShA 77; XAKJ: ShA 86; XZTE: ShA 68.
- the textile layer used was polyester (PES) and the foam layer used was polypropylene (PP). The results are shown in Table 1.
- the artificial leather C212 has a material weakening introduced by laser treatment and has the following structure:
- Layer 0 Lacquer based on silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane, approx. 5 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 1 compact TPO layer (about 190 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 2 compact TPO layer (about 190 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 3 compact TPO layer (about 190 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 4 Polypropylene foam (2000 ⁇ m layer thickness, no sharpened foam)
- the composite structure C212 can be produced by a process comprising the following steps:
- the composite structure C212 is prepared by the following method:
- the synthetic leather PVC / Spacer has the following structure:
- Layer 0 Lacquer based on silicone-containing aliphatic polyurethane, approx. 5 ⁇ m thick
- Layer 1 compact PVC layer (about 230 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 2 compact PVC layer (about 230 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Layer 3 spacer textile (spacer) (3500 to 4000 ⁇ m layer thickness)
- Figure 1 shows the excellent elongation at break properties of the invention
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18159410.2A EP3533601B1 (de) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur |
| PCT/EP2019/054114 WO2019166287A1 (de) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-02-19 | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3758930A1 true EP3758930A1 (de) | 2021-01-06 |
Family
ID=61526726
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18159410.2A Active EP3533601B1 (de) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur |
| EP19704656.8A Withdrawn EP3758930A1 (de) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-02-19 | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18159410.2A Active EP3533601B1 (de) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-03-01 | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11577488B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3533601B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN112041156A (de) |
| PT (1) | PT3533601T (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019166287A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019211060A1 (de) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Konrad Hornschuch Ag | Abdeckmaterial |
| DE102020210924A1 (de) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | Benecke-Kaliko Aktiengesellschaft | Gewebeverstärktes Folienlaminat |
| CN115960403A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-04-14 | 贝内克-长顺汽车内饰材料(张家港)有限公司 | 热塑性聚烯烃弹性体组合物及由其制备而成的热塑性聚烯烃弹性体人造革 |
| CN116836616A (zh) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-10-03 | 贝内克-长顺汽车内饰材料(张家港)有限公司 | 一种用于皮革涂层的水性漆和相应皮革材料 |
| EP4261030A1 (de) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-18 | TMG Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos Para A Industria Automovel SA | Mehrschichtiges pvc-material, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendungen davon |
| US20250332819A1 (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2025-10-30 | Tmg Tecidos Plastificados E Outros Revestimentos Para A Industria Automovel Sa | Multi-layered pvc material, method of obtaining and uses thereof |
| US20250222684A1 (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2025-07-10 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Elastic composite structure containing a textile layer |
| EP4275881A1 (de) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-15 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Elastische verbundstruktur mit einer textilschicht |
| EP4532192A1 (de) | 2022-06-03 | 2025-04-09 | Tmg - Tecidos Plastificados E Outros Revestimentos Para A Industria Automovel, S.A. | Folie enthaltend ein thermoplastisches elastomer, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
| CN119855705A (zh) | 2022-10-25 | 2025-04-18 | 汽车工业用Tmg塑化织物及其他涂料公司 | 含有热塑性苯乙烯类弹性体的片材、其制备方法和用途 |
| EP4360875A1 (de) | 2022-10-25 | 2024-05-01 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Folie mit einem thermoplastischen styrolelastomer, herstellungsverfahren und verwendung |
| WO2024208958A1 (en) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-10 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Composite structure containing a pvc textile layer and a pvc cover layer |
| EP4467713A3 (de) | 2023-04-06 | 2025-01-22 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Verbundstruktur mit einer pvc-textilschicht und einer pvc-deckschicht |
| EP4615686A1 (de) | 2023-06-28 | 2025-09-17 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Folie mit einer schaumschicht und einem thermoplastischen elastomer |
| PT4563342T (pt) | 2023-11-28 | 2025-12-23 | Tmg Tecidos Plastificados E Outros Revestimentos Para A Ind Automovel S A | Folha contendo camadas de poliuretano, método de preparação e utilização |
| WO2025113865A1 (en) | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-05 | TMG - Tecidos Plastificados e Outros Revestimentos para a Indústria Automóvel, S.A. | Sheet containing polyurethane layers, preparation method and use |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK0809571T3 (da) | 1995-02-17 | 1999-06-23 | Convenience Food Sys Bv | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af emballeringsmateriale med et lag af opskummet polyolefin |
| SG60151A1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1999-02-22 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Propylene-1-butene copolymer |
| DE19648138A1 (de) * | 1996-11-21 | 1998-05-28 | Opel Adam Ag | Luftsackabdeckung |
| JP2001291591A (ja) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-19 | Sony Corp | 有機電界発光素子及び発光装置 |
| DE10131056A1 (de) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-05-02 | Volkswagen Ag | Airbagvorrichtung und Betriebsverfahren dafür sowie Fahrzeuginnenverkleidung damit |
| DE10244311B4 (de) * | 2002-09-23 | 2019-01-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Innenausstattungsteil für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
| DE10345026B4 (de) * | 2003-09-24 | 2007-07-19 | Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh | Innenverkleidungsteil zur Abdeckung eines Airbags |
| WO2011008845A1 (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | Toray Plastics (America), Inc. | Crosslinked polyolefin foam sheet with exceptional softness, haptics, moldability, thermal stability and shear strength |
| DE102011000399A1 (de) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mehrschichtigen Kunststofffolie |
| US8807590B2 (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2014-08-19 | Faurecia Interior Systems, Inc | Multi-layer vehicle airbag coverings |
| DE102014213974A1 (de) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-21 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Folie für Airbaganwendungen |
| DE102016206340A1 (de) | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-19 | Benecke-Kaliko Ag | Folienlaminat und Innenverkleidungsteil für Kraftfahrzeuge |
-
2018
- 2018-03-01 PT PT181594102T patent/PT3533601T/pt unknown
- 2018-03-01 EP EP18159410.2A patent/EP3533601B1/de active Active
-
2019
- 2019-02-19 WO PCT/EP2019/054114 patent/WO2019166287A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-02-19 US US16/976,193 patent/US11577488B2/en active Active
- 2019-02-19 CN CN201980026102.1A patent/CN112041156A/zh active Pending
- 2019-02-19 EP EP19704656.8A patent/EP3758930A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019166287A1 (de) | 2019-09-06 |
| EP3533601B1 (de) | 2022-06-15 |
| PT3533601T (pt) | 2022-08-09 |
| US11577488B2 (en) | 2023-02-14 |
| EP3533601A1 (de) | 2019-09-04 |
| CN112041156A (zh) | 2020-12-04 |
| US20210001594A1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3533601B1 (de) | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur | |
| EP3533600B1 (de) | Verbundstruktur für airbagabdeckung und nähprodukt der verbundstruktur | |
| EP3169515B1 (de) | Folie für airbaganwendungen | |
| EP3442788B1 (de) | Folienlaminat und innenverkleidungsteil für kraftfahrzeuge | |
| DE102015203964A1 (de) | Prallkörper für Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zum Fertigen desselben | |
| EP3592552B1 (de) | Rückstellfähige polyolefin-schaumlaminate | |
| EP3362278B1 (de) | Folienlaminat und innenverkleidungsteil für kraftfahrzeuge | |
| EP3960440A1 (de) | Gewebeverstärktes folienlaminat | |
| WO2018114300A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung einer lackierten genarbten folie, die lackierte genarbte folie und deren verwendung | |
| EP1004418B1 (de) | Innenverkleidungsteil für Kraftfahrzeuge und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
| WO2008074563A2 (de) | Thermoplastische folie mit geschäumter deckfolie | |
| EP3233483B1 (de) | Tiefzieh- und narbfähige verbundfolie, ein verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung | |
| DE102008025931A1 (de) | Thermoplastische Folie für Airbag-Abdeckungen | |
| DE102020130933A1 (de) | Automobil-Crashpad und Verfahren zur Herstellung davon | |
| DE102012109966A1 (de) | Innenausstattungsteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug | |
| WO2019105612A1 (de) | Kunststofffolienlaminat mit schaum mittlerer dichte | |
| EP3147120A1 (de) | Verbundmaterial für die herstellung von formpressteilen, formpressteil sowie verfahren zur herstellung des formpressteils |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20200930 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20220128 |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20220208 |