EP3757233A1 - Method for measuring a magnetic property of iron sponge - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for obtaining at least one piece of information from the group - information relating to the content of ferromagnetic iron, - information relating to the degree of metallization, - information relating to the carbon content, via a sponge iron (3) which was produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor (1). It comprises at least a measurement of at least one magnetic property at a temperature of the sponge iron (3) below the Curie temperature of elemental iron, and obtaining the information at least partially on the basis of the result of the measurement. The measurement is made in each case on a measured amount of the sponge iron (3), which is taken from a measurement material sample taken from the direct reduction reactor (1) while the direct reduction process is being carried out or from a material flow removed from the direct reduction reactor (1) after the direct reduction process has been carried out Measurement material sample based, or that is in the material flow during the measurement.

Description

Field of technology

• Information bezüglich Gehalt an ferromagnetischem Eisen,
• Information bezüglich Metallisierungsgrad,
• Information bezüglich Kohlenstoffgehalt,

stammt.The invention relates to a method for obtaining at least one item of information about a sponge iron which was produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor, the information obtained from the group

• Information on the content of ferromagnetic iron,
• Information on the degree of metallization,
• Information on carbon content,

originates.

State of the art

It is known to produce sponge iron by means of a direct reduction process in a direct reduction reactor. In order to be able to determine the iron content of sponge iron in the direct reduction reactor during the direct reduction process, it is off DE3017001A1 known to use coils to gain information about the properties of the sponge iron in the direct reduction reactor - for example its magnetic permeability or its electrical conductivity.

The disadvantage with regard to magnetic properties is that only at temperatures below the Curie temperature of iron useful information about iron content can be obtained; during the direct reduction process in the direct reduction reactor, however, the temperature is usually higher. The measurement of the electrical conductivity in turn works in principle at such high temperatures, but then only provides relatively imprecise results.

Summary of the invention Technical task

• Information bezüglich Gehalt an ferromagnetischem Eisen,
• Information bezüglich Metallisierungsgrad,
• Information bezüglich Kohlenstoffgehalt,

ermöglicht.It is the object of the invention to present a method for obtaining at least one piece of information about a sponge iron produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor, which is the obtaining of more precise information from the group

• Information on the content of ferromagnetic iron,
• Information on the degree of metallization,
• Information on carbon content,

enables.

Technical solution

• Information bezüglich Gehalt an ferromagnetischem Eisen,
• Information bezüglich Metallisierungsgrad,
• Information bezüglich Kohlenstoffgehalt,

über einen Eisenschwamm, der mittels eines in einem Direktreduktionsreaktor durchgeführten Direktreduktionsprozesses hergestellt wurde, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
es

• zumindest eine Messung zumindest einer magnetischen Eigenschaft bei einer Temperatur des Eisenschwamms unterhalb der Curie-Temperatur von elementarem Eisen,
• Gewinnung der Information zumindest teilweise auf Basis des Ergebnisses der Messung,

umfasst.This task is solved by a
Method for obtaining at least one piece of information from the group

• Information on the content of ferromagnetic iron,
• Information on the degree of metallization,
• Information on carbon content,

via a sponge iron that was produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor, which is characterized in that
it

• at least one measurement of at least one magnetic property at a temperature of the sponge iron below the Curie temperature of elemental iron,
• Obtaining the information at least partially on the basis of the result of the measurement,

includes.

• die Mess-Menge basiert zumindest teilweise auf einer während der Durchführung des Direktreduktionsprozesses aus dem Direktreduktionsreaktor entnommenen Messmaterialprobe,
• die Mess-Menge basiert zumindest teilweise auf einer aus einem nach Durchführung des Direktreduktionsprozesses aus dem Direktreduktionsreaktor ausgeleiteten Materialstrom entnommenen Messmaterialprobe,
• die Mess-Menge Eisenschwamm befindet sich während der Messung in dem Materialstrom,

zu.The measurement is carried out in each case on a measured amount of the sponge iron. At least one member of the group meets the crowd

• the measurement quantity is based at least in part on a sample of measurement material taken from the direct reduction reactor while the direct reduction process is being carried out,
• the measurement quantity is based at least in part on a sample of the measurement material taken from a material flow discharged from the direct reduction reactor after the direct reduction process has been carried out,
• the measured amount of sponge iron is in the material flow during the measurement,

to.

Advantageous Effects of the Invention

With the method, various information can be obtained about a sponge iron that was produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor. It is, for example, information about the content of ferromagnetic iron.

It is, for example, information about the degree of metallization.

It is, for example, information on the carbon content. Since magnetic properties are measured or recorded, the measurement or recording only provides information about carbon that is present with iron in a compound exhibiting the magnetic property.

Magnetic properties are properties that describe the behavior in relation to a magnetic field. According to the invention, at least one measurement of at least one magnetic property, for example the magnetic permeability, is carried out at a temperature of the sponge iron below the Curie temperature of elemental iron; elemental iron is ferromagnetic below its Curie temperature. Other substances that may be present in the sponge iron, such as cementite, have their own Curie temperature.
One or more magnetic properties can be measured.
One measurement or several measurements can be carried out.

The desired information is obtained at least partially on the basis of the result of the measurement or measurements. For example, information about the content of ferromagnetic iron or the degree of metallization or carbon content can be obtained by measuring the magnetic permeability. The information can be an indication of the amount of substance actually present in a substance if all particles of the substance can be detected by the measurement method - for example in the case of the substance metallic iron. If the measuring method cannot record all the particles of a substance, the measurement provides information about the amount of substance in the substance that can be detected - for example, as stated above with regard to information regarding the substance carbon; only the carbon is recorded which is present with iron in a compound which has the measured magnetic property under the conditions of the measurement - for example cementite Fe ₃ C.
The desired information is either obtained only on the basis of the result of the measurement or measurements, or it is obtained with the help of additional information - for example with the help of information about the temperature at which the measurement is made.

To carry out the direct reduction process, reducing gas is introduced into an apparatus, the so-called direct reduction reactor. The direct reduction process is carried out in the direct reduction reactor.
The measurement is carried out in each case on a measured amount of the sponge iron. The measurement amount can - at least partially - be based on a measurement material sample taken from the direct reduction reactor while the direct reduction process is being carried out. The measurement amount can be based - at least in part - on a measurement material sample which is taken from a material flow discharged from the direct reduction reactor after the direct reduction process has been carried out. The phrase “based at least partially” is to be understood as meaning that the measurement amount can consist entirely of a partial amount or the entire measurement material sample, or can also contain other components in addition to the partial amount or the entire measurement material sample, for example Thinners.
During the measurement, the measured amount of sponge iron can also be found in the material flow discharged from the direct reduction reactor after the direct reduction process has been carried out, i.e. it can be measured without taking a sample of the material to be measured. This can be done, for example, by taking the measurement on a part of the system that conducts the flow of material, the part of the system either having no influence on the measurement - for example, a pipe section on which the measurement is carried out can be made of non-magnetic material - or its influence is known and can therefore be removed from the result of the measurement. The system part can, for example, be a seal leg, a discharge chamber, chutes or lines for conveying material into the discharge chamber or from the discharge chamber to compacting devices.

Measurement data on the magnetic property obtained below the Curie temperature of elemental iron have a particularly precise relationship to the desired information about the sponge iron, so that the information can be obtained more precisely from the measured magnetic property or from the measured magnetic properties than is currently possible technology DE3017001A1 is possible. In addition, such a measurement is easier to handle at a sample temperature which is significantly lower than the temperature in the direct reduction reactor - which increases the reproducibility of the method

For example, information regarding

M ist der Metallisierungsgrad der Mess-Menge in Massenprozent. m_FeM ist die Masse von metallisch vorliegendem Eisen in der Mess-Menge. Metallisches Eisen ist nach HOT BRIQUETTED IRON (HBI)QUALITY ASSESSMENT GUIDE, International Iron Metallics Association August 2018, Eisen in nichtoxidierter Form mit Oxidationszahl 0. Elementares Eisen und der Eisenanteil in Verbindungen, in denen das Eisen mit Oxidationszahl 0 vorliegt - beispielsweise Eisen in Zementit Fe₃C - werden im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung als metallisches Eisen bezeichnet.Degree of metallization can be obtained as follows on the basis of a measurement, similar to ISO 11258: $$\mathrm{M.}\left[\%\right]=\mathrm{100}*{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}/{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}$$

M is the degree of metallization of the measured quantity in Mass percentage. m _FeM is the mass of metallic iron present in the measured quantity. According to the HOT BRIQUETTED IRON (HBI) QUALITY ASSESSMENT GUIDE, International Iron Metallics Association August 2018, metallic iron is iron in non-oxidized form with an oxidation number of 0. Elemental iron and the iron content in compounds in which iron is present with an oxidation number of 0 - for example, iron in cementite Fe ₃ C - are referred to as metallic iron in this application.

m _FeT is the mass of the total iron contained in the _measured quantity; "total iron", T stands for total. According to HOT BRIQUETTED IRON (HBI) QUALITY ASSESSMENT GUIDE, International Iron Metallics Association August 2018, Total iron includes all iron in any form, whether free or combined with other elements such as oxygen.

A calculation example: m _FeM = 90 g, m _FeT = 100 g → M = 90% The definition also applies when using information on mass percentages (m-%) with regard to the measured quantity: $$\mathrm{M.}\left[\%\right]=\mathrm{100}*{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}/{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}$$

Sample calculation:

m _FeM = 90 m-%, m _FeT = 95 m-%: M = 94.7%;
Here, m _{FeM is obtained,} for example, by measuring ferromagnetic properties, such as permeability. The product of a direct reduction process has practically only ferromagnetic metallic iron, since, for example, ferromagnetic magnetite Fe ₃ O _{4 has} already been completely or practically completely reduced to non-ferromagnetic wustite (FeO) or metallic iron. The total _{iron content} m _FeT can usually not be determined directly via ferromagnetic properties, but m _FeT and thus the metallization can, for example, with the help of chemical analysis of the _starting materials for the Direct reduction process can be determined. Another possibility is to set m _FeT to a typical constant value as an approximation.

Example for the determination of m _FeT with the help of the chemical analysis of the _input materials:

Input material:

m_Gangart ^E = Massenanteil an Gangart = 5 m-%. Als Gangart bezeichnet man Gestein, das keine Eisenverbindungen enthält. Das hochgestellte E bezeichnet Größen für den Einsatzstoff Magnetische Messung: $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}=\mathrm{90}\mathrm{m}-\%$$

Der Gesamteisenanteil m_FeT berechnet sich dann über eine Bilanz. Wenn nur Eisenerzreduktion berücksichtigt wird, über folgende Gleichung: $$\left({\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}+\left({\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}-{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}\right)*{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{FeO}}/{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{Fe}}+{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}*{{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{Gangart}}}^{\mathrm{E}}\right)=\mathrm{100}\mathrm{m}-\%{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}},{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}\mathrm{in\; m}-\%,$$

mm_Fe beziehungsweise mm_FeO: Atommasse von Eisen Fe beziehungsweise Molekülmasse von Wüstit FeO,
mm_Fe = 56 g/mol, mm_FeO = 72 g/mol
Nach Lösung obiger Gleichung erhält man: m_FeT = 92.4 m-%, und somit berechnet sich die Metallisierung M zu 97.4 % $${{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}}^{\mathrm{E.}}==\mathrm{67}\mathrm{m}-\%,$$

m _gait ^E = mass fraction of gait = 5 m-%. The gangue is rock that does not contain any iron compounds. The superscript E denotes parameters for the input material magnetic measurement: $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}=\mathrm{90}\mathrm{m}-\%$$

The total _{iron content} m _FeT is then calculated using a balance. If only iron ore reduction is taken into account, use the following equation: $$\left({\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}+\left({\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}-{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}}\right)*{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{FeO}}/{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{Fe}}+{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}*{{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gait}}}^{\mathrm{E.}}\right)=\mathrm{100}\mathrm{m}-\%{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}},{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeT}}\mathrm{in\; m}-\%,$$

mm _Fe or mm _FeO : atomic mass of iron Fe or molecular mass of wüstite FeO,
mm _Fe = 56 g / mol, mm _FeO = 72 g / mol
Solving the above equation gives: m _FeT = 92.4 m-%, and thus the metallization M is calculated as 97.4%

• die Erfassungs-Menge basiert zumindest teilweise auf einer während der Durchführung des Direktreduktionsprozesses aus dem Direktreduktionsreaktor entnommenen Erfassungsmaterialprobe,
• die Erfassungs-Menge basiert zumindest teilweise auf einer aus einem nach Durchführung des Direktreduktionsprozesses aus dem Direktreduktionsreaktor ausgeleiteten Materialstrom entnommenen Erfassungsmaterialprobe,
• die Erfassungs-Menge Eisenschwamm befindet sich während der Erfassung in dem Materialstrom,
  zutrifft,

und die Ergebnisse der Erfassung zumindest teilweise bei der Gewinnung der Information einfließen.In a preferred embodiment, the method also includes
at least one detection of at least one magnetic property at a temperature of the sponge iron above the Curie temperature of elemental iron,
wherein the detection is carried out in each case on a detection set of the sponge iron, with at least one member of the group on the detection set

• the detection amount is based at least in part on one during the direct reduction process sample of acquisition material taken from the direct reduction reactor,
• the detection amount is based at least in part on a detection material sample taken from a material stream discharged from the direct reduction reactor after the direct reduction process has been carried out,
• the amount of sponge iron to be detected is in the material flow during detection,
  applies,

and the results of the acquisition are at least partially included in the extraction of the information.

The terms measurement and detection as used in claims 1 and 2 cited above are synonymous. What has been said in relation to claim 1 with regard to measurement, measurement amount and sample of material to be measured also applies mutatis mutandis to detection, amount to be detected and sample of detection material in claim 2. The detection relates to a temperature of the sponge iron above the Curie temperature of elemental iron, while the measurement relates to a Refers to the temperature of the sponge iron below the Curie temperature of elemental iron.
Above the Curie temperature of elemental iron, elemental iron or iron compounds are not ferromagnetic, but paramagnetic. During the detection, any substances that may be present are detected, which are ferromagnetic but are not elemental iron or iron compounds. A correction factor for results of the measurement can thus be determined from the detection, which indicates the extent to which the result of the measurement cannot be caused by iron or iron compounds.

The measurement material sample and the acquisition material sample can be the same - the acquisition material sample can also be can be used as sample material or vice versa. In this way, the effort for taking samples is reduced.

The measured quantity and the recorded quantity can be the same - the recorded quantity can therefore also be used as a measured quantity or vice versa. In this way, the effort for measuring or recording is reduced.

• Sichtung,
• Windsichtung,
• Zerkleinerung,
• Siebung,
• Verdichtung,

unterworfen.The measurement material sample and / or the acquisition material sample is preferably taken from the group for at least one conditioning step before the measurement and / or the acquisition

• Sighting,
• Wind sifting,
• Crushing,
• Sieving,
• Compression,

subject.

By means of these measures, a more homogeneous measurement quantity, possibly with little gap volume, can be obtained, which increases the accuracy or reproducibility of the measurement or detection.
The comminution is preferably carried out in an inert atmosphere in order to prevent a change in the chemical composition, for example due to oxidation - which reduces the risk of falsifying measurement data on the magnetic property of the sample.

The mass of the quantity to be measured and / or the quantity to be detected is preferably determined. This can increase the accuracy or reproducibility of the measurement or detection. This can be done before the measurement or acquisition, or after the measurement or acquisition.

• die aus dem Direktreduktionsreaktor entnommene Messmaterialprobe während und/oder nach der Entnahme, und/oder
• die aus dem Materialstrom entnommene Messmaterialprobe während und/oder nach der Entnahme,
  und/oder
• die Mess-Menge Eisenschwamm,

auf eine unterhalb der Curie-Temperatur von elementarem Eisen liegende Temperatur gekühlt.
Durch aktive Kühlung, bevorzugt auf eine gewünschte Endtemperatur, wird die Geschwindigkeit des Verfahrens sowie b Reproduzierbarkeit der Messung erhöht.
Diese Kühlung auf eine Temperatur unterhalb der Curie-Temperatur von elementarem Eisen erfolgt dann, wenn die Quelle der Messmaterialprobe oder der Mess-Menge eine Temperatur oberhalb dieser Curie-Temperatur hat.Preferably before the measurement

• the measuring material sample taken from the direct reduction reactor during and / or after the removal, and / or
• the measuring material sample taken from the material flow during and / or after the removal,
  and or
• the measured amount of sponge iron,

cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron.
Active cooling, preferably to a desired final temperature, increases the speed of the process and the reproducibility of the measurement.
This cooling to a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron takes place when the source of the measuring material sample or the measuring quantity has a temperature above this Curie temperature.

With regard to the at least one measurement at a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron, at least two measurements are preferably carried out. At a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron, at least one first measurement is carried out at a temperature above the Curie temperature of a ferromagnetic iron compound, preferably cementite Fe ₃ C, and at least one further measurement is carried out below the Curie temperature of this iron compound . In this way information can be given about amount of this Iron compound, and in the case of cementite, as explained above via the carbon content, can be obtained. In principle, further measurements can also be made, each of which is carried out after cooling under Curie temperatures of other components of the measured quantity.

Preferably, after the first measurement, the measurement amount is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of the iron compound. Active cooling, preferably to a desired final temperature, increases the speed of the process and the reproducibility of the measurement.

• Messung
• Erfassung

mathematisch verknüpft werden. Das macht die gewonnene Information genauer als wenn nur ein Ergebnis zur Gewinnung herangezogen wird.
Beispielsweise wird die Information über den Kohlenstoffgehalt in der Mess-Menge durch folgende Verknüpfung gewonnen:
Um mittels magnetischer Methoden den Kohlenstoffgehalt messen zu können muss der Kohlenstoff in einer ferromagnetischen Verbindung vorliegen, beispielsweise Zementit Fe₃C, man kann also nur den entsprechend gebundenen Kohlenstoff messen.According to an advantageous variant
to obtain the information
at least two results from at least one member of the group

• Measurement
• Capture

be mathematically linked. This makes the information obtained more accurate than if only one result is used to obtain it.
For example, the information about the carbon content in the measured quantity is obtained through the following link:
In order to be able to measure the carbon content using magnetic methods, the carbon must be present in a ferromagnetic compound, for example cementite Fe ₃ C, so you can only measure the correspondingly bound carbon.

If other ferromagnetic substances are neglected, the following formula results from the example of Fe ₃ C:
m _gebC = mass or mass fraction or mass percentage (m-%) of bound carbon in the measured amount $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gebC}}=\left[{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">TFe</figure-callout>}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C.}\right)}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m\; FeM\; TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{TFe}\right)}\right]*{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{C.}}/\left(\mathrm{3}*{\mathrm{mm}}_{\mathrm{Fe}}\right)\mathrm{.}$$

In this case, m _{FeM (T <TFe3C)} refers to an amount of metallic iron resulting from the measurement signal of a measurement at a temperature T below the Curie temperature of cementite TFe ₃ C. The measurement signal for the metallic iron comes from elemental iron as well as from iron in the form of cementite Fe ₃ C under the justified assumption that no or practically no other ferromagnetic components are present in this temperature range.
m _{FEM (TFe3C <T <TFE)} refers to a resulting from the measurement signal of a measurement at a temperature T below the Curie temperature of elemental iron and above the Curie temperature of cementite TFe ₃ C amount of elemental iron to the legitimate Assumption that no or practically no other ferromagnetic components are present in this temperature range.

$${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{TFe}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C}<\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{TFe}\right)}=\mathrm{90}\mathrm{g}$$

$${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gebC}}=\left(\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{70}\right)\mathrm{g}*\left(\mathrm{12}/\mathrm{168}\right)=\mathrm{1.43}\mathrm{g},$$

beziehungsweise mit m-%m $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{TFe}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C}\right)}=\mathrm{70}\mathrm{m}-\%,{\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{TFe}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C}<\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{TFe}\right)}=\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{m}-\%$$

$${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gebC}}=\left(\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{70}\right)\mathrm{m}-\%*\left(\mathrm{12}/\mathrm{168}\right)=\mathrm{1.43}\mathrm{m}-\%$$

mm _C or mm _Fe : atomic mass of carbon C or of iron Fe
mm _C = 12 g / mol, mm _Fe = 56 g / mol,
Sample calculation:
With crowds $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">TFe</figure-callout>}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C.}\right)}=\mathrm{70}\mathrm{G},$$

$${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m\; FeM\; TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{TFe}\right)}=\mathrm{90}\mathrm{G}$$

$${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gebC}}=\left(\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{70}\right)\mathrm{G}*\left(\mathrm{12}/\mathrm{168}\right)=\mathrm{1.43}\mathrm{G},$$

or with m-% m $${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{T}<\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">TFe</figure-callout>}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{C.}\right)}=\mathrm{70}\mathrm{m}-\%,{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="m\; FeM\; TFe"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{FeM}\left(\mathrm{TFe}\right)}=\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{m}-\%$$

$${\mathrm{m}}_{\mathrm{gebC}}=\left(\mathrm{90}-\mathrm{70}\right)\mathrm{m}-\%*\left(\mathrm{12}/\mathrm{168}\right)=\mathrm{1.43}\mathrm{m}-\%$$

The measurement and / or the acquisition, preferably also the acquisition of the information, is preferably carried out in an automated manner. This speeds up the process and reduces the work involved.

The measurement and / or the acquisition and / or the acquisition of the information is preferably carried out continuously or quasi-continuously. In this context, continuous is preferably to be understood as meaning that an existing device for taking the measurement material sample and / or detection material sample runs continuously and a measurement or detection takes place at least once every 30 minutes. In this context, quasi-continuously is preferably to be understood as meaning that an existing device for taking the measurement material sample and / or detection material sample runs discontinuously and a measurement or detection takes place at least once every 30 minutes. This allows quick information about the properties of the sponge iron and subsequently enables any necessary corrective measures to be taken quickly during the direct reduction process.

Another subject matter of the present application is a direct reduction process which is regulated at least partially on the basis of information obtained according to the invention. The regulation takes place either only on the basis of the information obtained according to the invention, or it takes place with the help of additional information - for example with the help of information about the condition of the reduction reactor or about the quality of the raw materials used.

A further subject matter of the present application is a signal processing device with a machine-readable program code, characterized in that it has control commands for controlling a direct reduction process according to the invention.

The present application also relates to a machine-readable program code for a signal processing device according to the invention, characterized in that the program code has control commands which cause the signal processing device to regulate.

Another subject matter of the present application is a storage medium with a machine-readable program code according to the invention stored thereon.

Brief description of the drawings

• Figur 1 zeigt eine Ausführungsform mit Entnahme einer Messmaterialprobe.
• Figur 2 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform mit Entnahme einer Erfassungsmaterialprobe.
• Figur 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform, bei der sich die Mess-Menge Eisenschwamm während der Messung im Materialstrom befindet.

In the figures, embodiments of the method according to the invention are shown schematically by way of example.

• Figure 1 shows an embodiment with taking a sample of the measurement material.
• Figure 2 shows another embodiment with taking a sample of acquisition material.
• Figure 3 shows an embodiment in which the measured amount of sponge iron is in the material flow during the measurement.

Description of the embodiments Examples

In Figure 1 a direct reduction reactor 1 is shown, in which a direct reduction process for the production of sponge iron is carried out. Reducing gas 2 is introduced into the direct reduction reactor and reduces the iron oxide-containing material contained in it, with sponge iron 3 being formed. A sponge iron sample to be measured is removed from the direct reduction reactor 1 via a removal device 4 - for example a screw conveyor - while the direct reduction process is carried out in the direct reduction reactor. The measurement material sample taken is conditioned by sieving 5, optionally before or after a comminution and / or air sifting (not shown separately for the sake of clarity), and by means of a transport device 6 - for example a screw conveyor as shown schematically; however, the transport is also possible by means of rotary valves, conveyor belts, scraper conveyors, shut-off valves with gravity material transport or the like - transported to a measuring device 7. The measurement of the magnetic property is carried out on a measurement quantity based on the sample of the measurement material conditioned in this way. So that the measurement takes place at a temperature of the sponge iron below the Curie temperature of elemental iron, the measuring material sample is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of iron when it is removed. It would also be possible to cool in the transport device 6. After the measurement, the mass of the measured quantity is determined, which is not shown separately for better clarity. The measurement amount is a portion of the measurement material sample that is located in the measurement chamber of the measurement device 7. The measured quantity can, as is shown by way of example, be part of a material column that is located in a pipe connection 8 on which the Measurement is performed. The pipe connection 8 is made of non-magnetic material in the area of the measuring device.
After the first measurement carried out by means of the measuring device 7, the sponge iron is fed to a further measuring device 10 by means of a cooling screw 9. It is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of cementite. Cooled in this way, a second measurement is carried out in the same way as the first measurement.
The results of the first measurement and the second measurement are fed to an evaluation unit 11, in which the desired information is obtained by mathematically linking the results; In the case shown, a signal processing device with a machine-readable program code, with which the direct reduction process is regulated on the basis of the information obtained.
The measurements and the acquisition of the information take place automatically and continuously.

Figure 2 shows in to Figure 1 Another embodiment is largely analogous to the illustration. After the direct reduction process has been carried out, material is discharged from the direct reduction reactor 1 through the discharge line 11. From the material flow in the discharge line 11, a sample of the detection material is removed via the removal device 12, which is analogous to the sample of the measurement material Figure 1 conditioned and fed to a detection device 14 via a transport device 13. The detection of the magnetic property is made on an amount of detection based on the conditioned sample of the detection material. The detection amount is a portion of the detection material sample that is located in the measuring chamber of the detection device 14. As shown by way of example, the amount to be detected can be part of a column of material be located in a pipe connection 15 on which the measurement is carried out. The pipe connection 15 is made of non-magnetic material in the area of the detection device.
The detection amount when detected has a temperature above the Curie temperature of elemental iron; there is no cooling during the supply to the detection device 14. After the first measurement carried out by means of the detection device 14, the sponge iron is fed to a measuring device 17 by means of a cooling screw 16. It is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron. When cooled in this way, a first measurement is carried out analogously to the description in Figure 1 . After the first measurement carried out by means of the measuring device 17, the sponge iron is fed to a further measuring device 19 by means of a cooling screw 18. It is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of cementite. Cooled in this way, a second measurement is carried out in the same way as the first measurement.
The detection material sample also serves as a measurement material sample. After being transported into a measuring device, the quantity to be recorded can serve as a quantity to be measured.
The results of the acquisition, the first measurement and the second measurement are fed to an evaluation unit 20 in which the desired information is obtained by mathematically linking the results. The acquisition and the measurements and the acquisition of the information take place continuously and automatically.
To improve filling of the measuring chambers of the detection device 14 and the measuring devices 17 and 19, slides 21, 22, 23 are provided below the measuring chambers 24, 25, 26, and a piston 27, 28, 29 for compressing the detection amount or the measurement -Quantity provided.

Figure 3 shows in to Figure 1 and 2 A largely analogous representation of how the measured amount of sponge iron is located during the measurement in the material flow diverted from the direct reduction reactor after the direct reduction process has been carried out. The measurement is carried out by means of the measuring device 30 on a pipe section 31 which conducts the material flow and has no influence on the measurement since it is made of non-magnetic material.

The description of advantageous embodiments of the invention given so far contains numerous features, some of which are reproduced in several combined form in the individual subclaims. These features can, however, expediently also be viewed individually and combined to form further useful combinations. In particular, these features can each be combined individually and in any suitable combination in a method according to the invention.
Even if in the description or in the patent claims some terms are used in the singular or in connection with a numerical word, the scope of the invention for these terms is not to be restricted to the singular or the respective numerical word. Furthermore, the words "a" or "an" are not to be understood as numerals but as indefinite articles.
The described properties, features and advantages of the invention and the manner in which they are achieved will become clearer and more understandable in connection with the description of the exemplary embodiment (s) of the invention, which are explained in more detail in connection with the drawings. The exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments serve or serve to explain the invention and do not restrict the invention to combinations of specified therein Characteristics, not even with regard to functional characteristics. In addition, suitable features of each exemplary embodiment can also be considered explicitly in isolation, removed from one exemplary embodiment, introduced into another exemplary embodiment to supplement it, and combined with any of the claims.
Although the invention has been illustrated and described in more detail by the preferred exemplary embodiment (s), the invention is not restricted by the disclosed example (s) and other variations can be derived therefrom without departing from the scope of protection of the invention according to the claims.

List of reference symbols

1

Direct reduction reactor

2

Reducing gas

3

Sponge iron

4th

Extraction device

5

Sieving

6th

Transport device

7th

Measuring device

8th

Pipe connection

9

Cooling screw

10

Measuring device

11

Evaluation unit

12th

Extraction device

13

Transport device

14th

Detection device

15th

Pipe connection

16

Cooling screw

17th

Measuring device

18th

Cooling screw

19th

Measuring device

20th

Evaluation unit

21st

Slider

22nd

Slider

23

Slider

24

Measuring chamber

25th

Measuring chamber

26th

Measuring chamber

27

piston

28

piston

29

piston

30th

Measuring device

31

Pipe section

List of citations Patent literature

DE3017001A1

Non-patent literature

ISO 11258
HOT BRIQUETTED IRON (HBI) QUALITY ASSESSMENT GUIDE, International Iron Metallics Association August 2018

Claims (16)

Method for obtaining at least one piece of information from the group - information on the content of ferromagnetic iron, - information on the degree of metallization, - information on carbon content, via a sponge iron (3) which was produced by means of a direct reduction process carried out in a direct reduction reactor (1),
characterized in that
it includes - At least one measurement of at least one magnetic property at a temperature of the sponge iron (3) below the Curie temperature of elemental iron, - Obtaining the information at least partially based on the result of the measurement, wherein the measurement is carried out in each case on a measured amount of the sponge iron (3), with at least one member of the group responding to the measured amount - the measured quantity is based at least partially on a sample of the measured material taken from the direct reduction reactor (1) while the direct reduction process is being carried out, - the measured quantity is based at least in part on a material sample taken from a material stream removed from the direct reduction reactor (1) after the direct reduction process has been carried out, - the measured amount of sponge iron (3) is in the material flow during the measurement, applies. The method of claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises
at least one detection of at least one magnetic property at a temperature of the sponge iron (3) above the Curie temperature of elemental iron,
wherein the detection is carried out in each case on a detection set of the sponge iron (3), with at least one member of the group on the detection set - The detection amount is based at least in part on a detection material sample taken from the direct reduction reactor (1) while the direct reduction process is being carried out, - the amount to be detected is based at least in part on a sample of the material to be detected taken from a material stream discharged from the direct reduction reactor (1) after the direct reduction process has been carried out, - the amount of sponge iron (3) to be detected is in the material flow during detection, applies,
and the results of the acquisition are at least partially included in the extraction of the information. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the measurement material sample and the detection material sample are the same. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the measurement quantity and the detection quantity are the same. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the measurement material sample and / or the detection material sample before the measurement and / or the detection at least one conditioning step from the group - sighting, - wind sifting, - crushing, - sieving, - compression, is subjected. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mass of the measurement quantity and / or the detection quantity is determined. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that before the measurement - the sample of measurement material removed from the direct reduction reactor (1) during and / or after the removal, and / or - the measuring material sample taken from the material flow during and / or after the removal,
and or - the measured amount of sponge iron, is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of elemental iron. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least two measurements are carried out, at least one first measurement being carried out at a temperature above the Curie temperature of a ferromagnetic iron compound, preferably cementite Fe ₃ C, and at least one further measurement below the Curie temperature of this iron compound. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the measured quantity is cooled to a temperature below the Curie temperature of the iron compound after the first measurement. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that
to obtain the information
at least two results from at least one member of the group - Measurement - capture be mathematically linked. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that
the measurement and / or the acquisition, preferably also the acquisition of the information, takes place automatically. Method according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that
the measurement and / or the acquisition and / or the acquisition of the information takes place continuously or quasi-continuously. Direct reduction process, characterized in that it is regulated at least partially on the basis of information obtained according to one of Claims 1 to 12. Signal processing device with a machine-readable program code, characterized in that it has control commands for controlling a direct reduction process according to Claim 13. Machine-readable program code for a signal processing device according to Claim 14, characterized in that the program code has control commands which cause the signal processing device to regulate. Storage medium with a machine-readable program code according to Claim 15 stored thereon.

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