EP3756259A1 - Reduzierung von oberwellen in stromnetzen - Google Patents
Reduzierung von oberwellen in stromnetzenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3756259A1 EP3756259A1 EP19706528.7A EP19706528A EP3756259A1 EP 3756259 A1 EP3756259 A1 EP 3756259A1 EP 19706528 A EP19706528 A EP 19706528A EP 3756259 A1 EP3756259 A1 EP 3756259A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- information
- network
- components
- power
- power grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2619—Wind turbines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2639—Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods and devices with which u. a. a network topology information sometimes resulting harmonics and
- Components such. As wind turbines, synchronous generators and motors, asynchronous generators and motors, double-fed asynchronous generators and motors, inverter-connected generators and motors and
- Electric power sources e.g., photovoltaic panels
- transformers e.g., transformers, coupled structures, HVDCs (high voltage DC), and / or
- Power network are excited according to a vibration system near the resonant frequency, so that sometimes large amplitudes may occur at low attenuation. This is often undesirable and can lead to a resonance disaster.
- a resonance catastrophe is understood within the meaning of the present subject matter, that a component or several components of the power grid are sometimes irreversibly damaged as a result of an occurred resonance disaster.
- a method is described, performed by one or more devices, comprising the method:
- Network topology information is determined
- a device which is set up or comprises corresponding means for carrying out and / or controlling a method according to the first aspect.
- Method according to the first aspect are or include in particular one or more devices according to the second aspect.
- the devices according to the second aspect are or include in particular one or more devices according to the second aspect.
- Device a server, or a server cloud (multiple servers that together perform and / or control a method according to the first aspect).
- an alternative device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory with computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the
- Computer program code are configured to execute and / or control at least one method according to the first aspect with the at least one processor.
- a processor is intended, for example, a control unit, a microprocessor, a microcontroller such as a microcontroller, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (AS1C) or a Field
- FPGA Programmable Gate Arrays
- an exemplary apparatus further includes means for storing information, such as program memory and / or main memory.
- an exemplary inventive device further includes means for receiving and / or transmitting information over a network, such as a network interface.
- exemplary are inventive
- An example device is or includes a computing device that is software and / or hardware configured to perform the respective steps of an example method according to the second aspect.
- Examples of a data processing system include a computer, a desktop computer, a server, a thin client and / or a portable computer (mobile device), such as a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a wearable, a personal digital assistant or a smartphone ,
- Sensor device eg measuring device
- Sensor device which also at least one
- Method steps for example, the determination of a harmonic information and / or the determination of an evaluation information
- a further device which in particular via a
- Communication system with the device, which has at least one sensor element in communication.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing system
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an illustration of a system
- FIG. 1ST National Institute for Standards and Technology
- a computer program is also described that includes program instructions that include a processor for
- exemplary program according to the invention may be stored in or on a computer-readable storage medium containing one or more programs.
- a computer-readable computer is also disclosed
- a computer-readable storage medium may e.g. as magnetic, electrical, electro-magnetic, optical and / or other
- Storage medium may be formed.
- Such a computer-readable storage medium is preferably representational (ie "touchable”), for example it is as
- Data carrier device formed.
- Such a data carrier device is for example portable or permanently installed in a device.
- Examples of such a data carrier device are volatile or non-volatile random access memory (RAM) such as e.g. NOR flash memory or with sequential access such as NAND flash memory and / or read only access (ROM) memory or read / write access.
- RAM volatile or non-volatile random access memory
- ROM read only access
- computer readable shall be understood to mean that the storage medium can be read (and / or written) by a computer or a data processing system, for example by a computer
- a system comprising a plurality of devices, in particular a plurality of servers, which together carry out a method according to the first aspect.
- a system comprising a plurality of devices, in particular a plurality of servers, which together carry out a method according to the first aspect.
- at least one of the devices in particular a plurality of servers, which together carry out a method according to the first aspect.
- a communication can be made via a communication system between a mobile device, for example a smartphone, laptop, tablet, wearable or a camera, and at least one further device.
- a mobile device for example a smartphone, laptop, tablet, wearable or a camera
- the device according to the second aspect comprises a
- the communication interface for set up a wired or wireless communication.
- the communication interface is a network interface.
- Communication interface is preferably set up with a
- a communication system to communicate.
- Examples of a communication system are a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless network (for example, according to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the Bluetooth (LE) standard and / or the NFC standard), a wired one Network, a
- Communication system may include communication with an external computer, for example via an internet connection. Further features and embodiments according to all exemplary aspects of the present subject matter will now be described.
- harmonics is understood to mean occurring or resulting harmonics and intermediate harmonics in the power network.
- Power grids can be structured differently in their structure.
- individual parts of a power network may have different structures, which are defined for example by switching states and / or operating states of the one or more components of the power grid. This is also called network topology.
- the structure formed by the power network comprising, for example, one or more components (eg.
- Power generation equipment such as a wind turbine, consumer, storage, or the like, to name just a few non-limiting examples
- interconnection e.g., arrayed or parallel
- network topology information for purposes of the present invention
- the power grid is in the form of a network topology in the case of a network topology
- Radial power supply for example, from a central feed point (eg., A power plant such as a wind turbine).
- a central feed point eg., A power plant such as a wind turbine.
- spur line Individual lines, also referred to as spur line, extend
- Ring network ii) Ring network
- Ring nets also referred to as rings for short, are structures of the power network in the sense of the present subject matter, in which the supply of individual consumers takes place in the form of a loop.
- one or more power generation systems can be electrically connected to the ring line
- a consumer load can be powered from "two sides" across the ring, which has the advantage that
- the ring around the fault location which causes the technical defect, can be opened around, so that consumers can continue to be supplied away from the fault location.
- the disconnection of a network portion of the ring encompassed by the power network may occasionally necessitate the actuation of one or more switching steps (eg at switching points designed for this purpose).
- switching steps eg at switching points designed for this purpose.
- these can for example be connected to a ring network, for. B. be electrically connected via a corresponding substation.
- a technical defect on the ring can be
- mesh networks usually have multiple power plants that feed at multiple points.
- the consumers of a mesh network are distributed in a network that has several nodes and branches. These multiple nodes and branches of a mesh network can in turn be arranged in a ring network, so that a ring network, for example, forms the superordinate structure of a mesh network.
- a plurality of such mesh networks can be interconnected. These are also referred to as interconnected networks, which are usually such a spatial combination of multiple mesh networks.
- a power grid may include multiple voltage levels, e.g. A high voltage grid (eg 380/220 kV), a high voltage grid (eg 110 kV), a medium voltage grid (eg 35 kV) and a low voltage grid (eg 230/400 V). Between the voltage levels a transformer, z. B. by means of suitable transformers. For example, there is a transfer between the high and high voltage grid, the high and medium voltage grid, and the medium and low voltage grid. All voltage levels encompassed by such a power network may form part of the network topology in the sense of the present subject matter and may be represented by corresponding information.
- Alternating current network is a sinusoidal component of a periodic oscillation, not equal to the nominal frequency of the mains supply (eg not equal to 50 Hz at a
- the upper extremity information may, for example, one or more of such harmonics, the z. B. each have been determined for the one or more components of the power grid include.
- Three-phase systems eg a 400 V power supply
- harmonic generators eg generators, converters and loads
- characteristics of all passive components that are connected to the corresponding power supply or are covered by this For example, voltage-dependent impedances (saturation effect in transformers and
- harmonic currents may arise, for. B. by a magnetization at too high voltage or high current.
- Power supply can also be influenced by a phase shift between the different currents of the same frequency.
- the network topology information is detected, for example, by detecting the respective switching states of the one or more components of the power network and / or the equivalent circuit diagrams of all relevant components. For example, it can be detected whether a switch of the power supply is switched on or off
- Operating state or multiple operating conditions of one or more components of the power grid such.
- generator (s), and / or load (s) are detected.
- an operating point, a temperature, a rotational speed, which connection to a node of the power network, or a combination thereof, just to name a few non-limiting examples can be detected.
- the detection can be carried out, for example, based on switching state information transmitted by the respective components of the power grid, which are transmitted to a central location (eg, a network control center), for example.
- a switching status information of the respective one or more components included in the power network can be tracked, wherein, for example, the corresponding (i.e.
- Switching state of the respective component of the one or more components is detected dog. This can be done, for example, by an employee, wherein, for example, the corresponding switching state information is stored centrally (eg in the network control center). For example, in a (data) memory (eg. comprising a database) a respective switching state information of the one or more components included in the power network be deposited.
- a (data) memory eg. comprising a database
- Switching state information may include, for example, possible switching states and / or operating points of the power network (such as active, reactive power, torque, speed, modulation angle, tap changer position, or the like, to name but a few non-limiting examples) of the components of the power grid (such B. Generators, loads, converters, transformers, as well
- Reactive power compensations to name just a few non-limiting examples.
- network topology information may, for example, be one or more
- Structures include, wherein the one or more components of the power grid can be part or combination of the above-mentioned structures (beam network, ring network, and mesh).
- the network topology information may represent, for example, that the power grid is composed of a combination of a plurality of the above-mentioned structures, wherein the one or more components of the power grid are comprised by at least one of these structures.
- the arrangement of the one or more components of the power network forms a structure, at least in one or more parts of the power grid.
- the overall arrangement accordingly constitutes a network topology of the power network.
- the detection of the network topology information is carried out, for example, by a device according to the second aspect.
- a device is for example a network control center or is comprised by a corresponding network control center (eg a server).
- the detection of the network topology information may
- the determination of the harmonic information may, for example, be such that for each of the components included in the power network for the operating state of the power network (which is determined for example by one or more structures and the switching state of the one or more components), the corresponding harmonic level (z. B. Amplitude and frequency of the harmonic (s)) (eg determined) is determined. Alternatively or additionally, it may be determined whether or not one or more harmonic levels are present.
- the particular operating state of the power network which is determined for example by one or more structures and the switching state of the one or more components
- the corresponding harmonic level z. B. Amplitude and frequency of the harmonic (s)
- Harmonic information may correspondingly represent information corresponding to one or more components as described above.
- a resonance (hereinafter also referred to as a resonance situation) is present, for example, when one or more components of the power network experience such an excitation that large amplitudes at the corresponding one
- Abut component can occur, for example, if only a slight damping of the excitation (eg from a feeding wind turbine) takes place. Such a resonance situation is undesirable since, in extreme cases, this can lead to a resonance catastrophe in which the one or more corresponding components of the power network can sometimes be irreversibly damaged.
- the resonance catastrophe can lead to the destruction of a technical device (eg the one or more components included in the power network) by excessive harmonic amplitudes in the case of resonance.
- a technical device eg the one or more components included in the power network
- more and more energy is transmitted to the power grid or individual components of the one or more components of the power grid and recorded there.
- the vibration energy is generated by energy from a vibrating system via heat and / or ohmic components, such as the power grid, caused. This can be done, for example, by consumers or
- ohmic impedance components are caused on one or more components of the power grid. If the energy input exceeds the power loss, the oscillation amplitude becomes larger and larger until the load limit
- the specific evaluation information is then output or its output is initiated.
- the determined evaluation information can be output, for example, to one of the one or more devices, or to another device. Furthermore, the determined evaluation information can be output to a device which transmits the determined evaluation information to one of the one or more devices.
- the method further comprises:
- Control information is determined such that the one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases determined based on the evaluation information are avoided or resolved;
- Determining the control information may further be indicative of changing an operating condition of the one or more power system components.
- Changing the switching state includes, for example, the supply and / or
- changing the switching state of the power grid involves changing one or more parts of the structure of the power grid. For example, from the Structure of the electricity network included radiation, ring, and / or mesh networks are changed (eg, a closing or opening of rings). To change the switching state of the power grid, a switching step or a plurality of switching steps may be necessary, for example.
- Switching steps come to an executed switching step to a
- control information which includes, for example, one or more switching steps for changing the switching state of the power grid, may be determined such that such resonance for the one or more components of the power grid is avoided. This can be done, for example, by determining whether a resonance for the after the switching step performed before performing the corresponding switching step
- control information is output or the output thereof is caused.
- the control information can be output, for example, analogously to the specific evaluation information, or its output can be initiated accordingly in an analogous manner.
- Control information may, for example, be directed to an operator (eg, from a network control center), such that, for example, that of the
- Control information a change in the operating state of one or more components of the power grid brought about.
- the method further comprises:
- the performing of the one or more circuit steps for establishing the operating state determined and changed according to the control information may be performed by the one or more power system components.
- Control information comprises one or more control parameters, wherein a control parameter is indicative of a switching operation for a component of the component comprised of the power network or the plurality of components included in the power network.
- the change in the network topology is for example substantially automated, for. B. by transmitting a control parameter to a component or multiple components of the power grid, which are remotely controllable. At least partially based on the transmitted control parameters, the appropriately trained
- Component or the correspondingly designed components are controlled, for. From an actuator connected to the corresponding component, which performs an action (eg, turning on or off a switch, controlling a transformer (transformer)) in accordance with the control parameter. Alternatively or additionally, at least in part based on the control information, a change in the
- Control information comprised switching steps are performed manually (eg, on-site) at the respective determined according to the corresponding switching step device.
- the change in the network topology caused in the sequence for example, a detuning, shift and / or reduction of one or more occasionally occurred resonant situations or avoids one
- network topology can be a resonance or a
- Harmonic level increase occur or exist. In most cases it is possible, for example, to bring about a disconnection of a component of the power network by a plurality of different switching steps. Accordingly, it is considered, for example, whether in these intermediate states one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases for one or more components Components of the power grid can occur.
- the control information is accordingly determined such that sometimes expected resonances are avoided by including a switching order of the control information, in which one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases in the
- a resonance information can be stored in a memory corresponding to possible switching states and / or operating states of the power network, or be linked accordingly.
- Resonance information in the sense of the present subject matter is understood as meaning a current and / or voltage amplitude of a relevant network node as a function of the frequency.
- a resonance information for example, a current and / or voltage amplitude of a relevant network node in dependence on the frequency represent.
- the determination of the harmonic information is at least partially based on one or more harmonic calculations and / or on one or more harmonic measurements.
- a harmonic measurement can be performed for example with a network analyzer. Alternatively or additionally, the determination of the
- Harmonic information for example, be calculated.
- a script-based and / or automated evaluation of all structures (topologies) of the power grid can take place. Since the number of possible resonance courses can increase exponentially with increasing number of nodes of the power network, their resonant courses can be determined iteratively for all possible topologies.
- the more "network" components that are comprised of the power network are electrically connected to a node, the lower frequency occurring
- control information may be determined such that as much as possible "network” is electrically connected after causing the change of the network topology at one or more nodes.
- nodes are, for example, those of the one or more nodes closest to a component to be released (eg a wind turbine to be connected, to name but a non-limiting example) of the power grid.
- Resonance information for example, a manager or a
- Network operation management eg a network control center of the power grid
- this data avoid dangerous operating states. It can be z.
- an optimal network topology change eg, with the optimization goal of a
- the power grid can comprise at least one controller for changing the network topology from the following group:
- Controller based on metaheuristic optimization algorithms e.g.
- neural networks can be set up to suitably teach all variants of network topologies and / or feed scenarios of onshore and / or offshore wind energy systems accordingly.
- a neural network may be configured and, in particular, trained such that a control deviation may be detected, for example, by a reactive power controller (e.g., the reactive power at
- Network connection node is detected and the neural network reacts to this appropriately, the limits (in particular current, voltage) of at least one wind turbine are taken into account, so that a corresponding change in the network topology of the power grid can be brought.
- a change in the power grid by means of at least one controller.
- the detection of the network topology information comprises those components of the power network which are arranged in electrical proximity to the planned change.
- the detection of the network topology in electrical proximity to a planned activation and / or connection can be effected by a component encompassed by the power network.
- it may be planned to connect another wind energy plant to the power grid.
- detecting the network topology may include up to 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 consecutive nodes based on the location (eg, a node of the power grid) of the power grid that is to be changed (eg, device to be enabled, and / or wind turbine to be connected, to name just a few non-limiting examples).
- the detected network topology information is related to an electrical proximity (e.g.
- Power network which is most likely to be affected by a possible resonance, since at more distant nodes or over more distant nodes connected and covered by the power network components, a potential resonance is so strongly attenuated that it is regularly no longer significant.
- An exemplary embodiment in all aspects provides that the execution of the method is performed preventively before a planned change in the switching state of the power grid.
- the process can be preventive, for example, before a planned
- Step of the operating state of the one or more components of the power network can be performed.
- performing the method is based on a current switching state of the power grid (and optionally the operating state of one or more components of the
- performing the method in all aspects for example, based on a current operating state of the one or more components of the power grid can be performed.
- Switching state and / or the operating state of the one or more components of the power network are determined, whether the planned
- Change may cause one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases, or if this is avoidable, for example. Whether the planned change causes one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases can be determined, for example, according to the harmonic calculation and / or harmonic measurement mentioned above.
- Resonances and / or harmonic level increases may occur. Accordingly, the subject method, for example, be carried out continuously, so that a monitoring capability of the power grid is realized, and one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases quickly recognized on the one hand and then on the other by a change of
- Electricity grid can be resolved again. In this way, in particular, large damage caused by one or more resonances and / or
- Harmonic level increases in the power grid can occur effectively avoided or reduced.
- Harmonic level increases in the power grid can occur effectively avoided or reduced.
- Switching action or a change for a component of the power network at least one of the following switching operations or changes i) to xiii): i) closing or opening of one or more rings;
- Torque and / or active power and / or reactive power of one or more components of the power grid ;
- the one or more components - also referred to as network components - may in particular be one or more of the components listed below and included in the power network:
- One or more switching operations i) to xiii) can lead to a detuning, shift and / or reduction of resonances in the power grid, since these cause or bring about a change in the network topology.
- busbar for example in substations, a connection of lines and transformers
- a busbar disconnector for example in substations, a connection of lines and transformers
- a current and voltage transformer for example in high-voltage systems fields.
- Combi converter a circuit breaker and / or a line disconnector (also called as outlet disconnector) are formed together. With the help of several times
- Busbars are placed. Depending on the switching state, the network topology is changed accordingly.
- Filter e.g. B. line filter for the mains voltage, for example, passive filters without active elements such. B. be transistors.
- a compensation is, for example, a reactive power compensation (also called reactive current compensation), which in AC networks a
- the reactive power compensation takes place, for example, by compensation of inductive or capacitive reactive power by means of capacitive or inductive consumers. Furthermore, reactive power compensation by means of parallel-connected compensation filters such as capacitors is possible, but only at a frequency which is equal to the frequency of the fundamental oscillation (eg the mains frequency of 50 Hz).
- determining the harmonic information comprises determining voltages, currents, and / or frequencies at one or more nodes of the power network.
- the controller For example, based on the determined voltages, currents, and frequencies at one or more nodes of the power grid, the
- Harmonic information is determined (eg calculated).
- determining the harmonic information comprises at least the inductive and / or capacitive components included in the power grid.
- the inductive and / or capacitive components influence the harmonic information.
- Harmonic waves or evoke harmonics so that a possible resonance can be determined in particular based on the inductive and / or capacitive components encompassed by the network topology.
- Tap-changer position or the like, to name just a few non-limiting examples
- the power grid components such as generators, loads,
- Inverters, transformers, as well as reactive power compensations, to name only a few non-limiting examples are stored, with each stored switching state and / or operating point a
- Resonant information is linked (or comprises), wherein the resonant information is indicative of at least whether there are one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases in the switching state and / or the operating point or not.
- the possible switching states and / or operating points (also referred to as operating states in this description) of the power grid can be represented, for example, by at least one switching state information.
- possible operating states of the one or more components of the power network may be stored in the database, wherein resonant information is linked (or included) with each stored operating state, the resonant information being indicative of at least one or more in the operating state Resonances and / or
- the possible operating states of the one or more components of the power network may include, for example, an operating state information or
- the database is, for example, a so-called "look-up table", wherein information stored in the database can be determined, for example, by means of a query of data.
- the resonance information may be, for example, binary resonance information.
- the resonance information may be non-binary resonance information, e.g. Of a probability value, a frequency response or the like, to name but a few non-limiting examples.
- the database is comprised of or connectable to the one or more devices that perform the subject method.
- the result in particular whether one or more resonances and / or harmonic level increases, for example, a component or multiple components of the power network can jeopardize, stored in the database.
- a switching step eg of several switching steps for changing the network topology
- Resonance information for each switching state and / or operating point of the one or more components of the power grid determined, with all possible switching states and / or operating points of the one or more
- Components of the power grid are taken into account and a corresponding resonance information for each of all possible switching states and / or operating points (eg iteratively) is calculated.
- Operating state of the power network are determined, taking into account all possible operating conditions of the one or more components of the power grid and a corresponding resonance information for each of all possible switching states (eg, iteratively) is calculated.
- a simulation of all possible switching and / or operating states that according to the network topology information represented power network can take place.
- the corresponding results, in particular whether one or more resonances and / or harmonics and / or harmonic level increases in the power grid can occur according to the defined network topology can be stored, for example, in a database or the database.
- a further exemplary embodiment in all aspects provides that the resonance information is represented in frequency profiles of amplitudes of current and / or voltage, so that it can be determined whether for a
- a network area includes, for example, several nodes of the power grid and / or multiple components of the power grid.
- Process step also be the corresponding step disclosed.
- Fig. 1 shows a system according to the third aspect in an exemplary
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the first aspect
- Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a device according to the second aspect.
- FIG. 4 shows different embodiments of a storage medium according to the second aspect.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a system 100 according to the third aspect.
- the system 100 includes a server 110, which alternatively acts as a server cloud (eg, a plurality of servers interconnected, for example, via the Internet are and at least partially provide services together), an optional database 120, in the present case three generators or loads 130a-c (eg.
- Wind turbines a power network comprising a first and a second ring network 140a and 140b, and a plurality of components 150-1 to 150-7 and formed as a switch further components 160-1 and 160-2 of the power grid.
- the server 110 detects a
- Network topology information of the power grid determines harmonic information, e.g. B. for each or at least a portion of the components covered by the power network components 150-1 to 150-7, and further for each formed as a switch components 160-1 and 160-2, and determines an evaluation information that is indicative of whether a Resonance for at least one device 150-1 to 150-7, as well as for the
- Components 160-1 and 160-2 of the power grid is present or not, and then outputs the specific evaluation information, eg. For further processing from another device, or a server cloud server, to name but a few non-limiting examples.
- the structure, i. Network topology of the power network to be changed by, for example, one or both formed as a switch components 160-1 and / or 160-2 are opened or closed.
- opening the switch 160-1 results in the structure of the ring network 140a being opened by the power grid.
- Such a change in the network topology of the power network causes a detuning, shifting and / or reduction of sometimes prevailing resonances.
- FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram 200 of an embodiment of a method according to the first aspect.
- the flowchart 200 may be implemented, for example, by a device, e.g. B. Server 110 of FIG. 1 are performed.
- detection of network topology information is indicative of a function of a power network at a predetermined nominal frequency, wherein the nominal frequency is at least partially determined by an active and / or
- Reactive power consumption and / or an active and / or reactive power output is influenced. Furthermore, the nominal frequency of a speed, a
- Torque a modulation angle and / or a phase angle, which have a component or more components and / or generators and / or loads of the power network, are at least partially affected.
- the network topology information is, for example, one or more
- Switching states eg switch on or off
- one or more operating states of one or more components eg.
- the arrangement of the one or more components of the power network forms a structure, at least in one or more parts of the power network.
- the overall arrangement represents the network topology of the power grid.
- the detection of the network topology information is performed, for example, by a device according to the second aspect, e.g.
- the server 110 represents, for example, a network control center or is encompassed by a corresponding network control center. Capturing the
- Network topology information may, for example, be performed by means of one or more sensors connected to or included by server 110 of FIG. 1, for example, wherein by means of the one or more sensors, an operating state and / or a structure of at least one or more Parts of the power grid can be detected (eg measurable).
- a determination is made of harmonic information is for example from a
- determining the harmonic information may be performed by a server cloud (not shown in FIG.
- the device detecting in step 201 the detection of
- Network topology information is connected via a communication link (eg, a communication network, eg the Internet) with at least one server of the server cloud.
- a communication link eg, a communication network, eg the Internet
- the servers of the server cloud are also available
- a third step 203 an evaluation information is determined.
- the determination of the evaluation information is carried out, for example, by a device according to the second aspect, for. B. from the server 110 of FIG. 1.
- the determination of the evaluation information from a server cloud are performed.
- the determined one is output
- Steps 205-207 are optional and are performed in exemplary embodiments in all aspects, sometimes in addition to steps 201-204.
- the flowchart 200 ends after the step 204. This is done by the with the
- a determination of control information takes place.
- the determination of the control information is performed, for example, by a device according to the second aspect, e.g. From the server 110 of FIG. 1.
- the determination of the control information may be performed by a server cloud (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the control information determined according to step 205 is output.
- a device coordinating one or more actuators can be output so that it can automatically bring about, for example, a change in the operating state of the power supply (compare also step 207).
- a seventh step 207 one or more circuit steps are carried out to establish and change a switching state and / or operating state of the control device in accordance with the control information
- the flowchart 200 may be performed again.
- the detected network topology information represents the modified state of operation of the power network according to step 207 of a first pass.
- steps 203 and, if included in the flowchart, optional step 205 may be performed in parallel. Alternatively, these steps 202, 203 and, optionally, step 205 can also be carried out sequentially, that is to say one after the other. Furthermore, the execution of the flowchart 200 may be terminated after the optional step 206 (not shown) in the event that e.g. B. an implementation of step 207 planned only for the future and has not yet been scheduled.
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a device 300, which in particular is an exemplary method according to the first aspect can perform.
- the device 300 is, for example, a device according to the second or a system according to the third aspect.
- the device 300 may be, for example, a computer, a desktop computer, a server, a thin client or a portable computer (mobile device) such as a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or a smartphone ,
- the device may perform the function of a server or a client.
- Processor 310 of device 300 is in particular a microprocessor
- Microcontroller microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP),
- AS1C Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- Processor 310 executes program instructions stored in program memory 312 and stores, for example, intermediate results or the like in working or main memory 311.
- program memory 312 is a nonvolatile memory such as a flash memory, a magnetic memory, an EEPROM memory (electrically erasable programmable read only memory) and / or an optical memory.
- Main memory 311 is, for example, a volatile or non-volatile memory, in particular a random access memory (RAM) such as a static RAM (SRAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM). and / or a magnetic RAM memory (MRAM).
- RAM random access memory
- SRAM static RAM
- DRAM dynamic RAM
- FeRAM ferroelectric RAM
- MRAM magnetic RAM memory
- Program memory 312 is preferably a local volume permanently attached to device 300.
- Hard disks permanently connected to the device 300 are, for example, hard disks which are built into the device 300.
- the data carrier can also be separated, for example, with the device 300
- Program memory 312 includes, for example, the operating system of the
- Device 300 which is at least partially loaded into main memory 311 and executed by processor 310 when device 300 is started. Specifically, when device 300 starts up, at least a portion of the core of the device 300 will be loaded
- the operating system of device 300 is, for example, a Windows UN1X, Linux, Android, Apple iOS and / or MAC operating system.
- the operating system allows the use of the device 300 for data processing. It manages, for example, resources such as main memory 311 and program memory 312, communication interface 313, input and output
- Processor 310 controls the communication interface 313, which may be, for example, a network interface and may be in the form of a network card, network module and / or modem.
- the communication interface 313 is in particular configured to establish a connection of the device 300 with other devices, in particular via a (wireless) communication system, for example a network, and to communicate with them.
- the communication interface 313 may, for example, data (via the
- processor 310 may control at least one input / output device 314.
- Input / output device 314 is, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a display unit, a microphone, a touch-sensitive display unit, a loudspeaker, a reading device, a drive and / or a camera.
- Input / output device 314 may, for example, receive input from a user and processor 310
- processor 310 forward and / or receive and output information to the user of processor 310.
- FIG. 4 shows different embodiments of storage media on which an embodiment of a computer program according to the invention can be stored.
- the storage medium may be, for example, a magnetic, electrical, optical and / or different storage medium.
- storage media may be part of a processor (e.g., processor 310 of FIGURE 3), such as one (non-volatile or volatile).
- processor 310 of FIGURE 3 such as one (non-volatile or volatile).
- Embodiments of a storage medium include a flash memory 410, an SSD hard disk 411, a magnetic hard disk 412, a memory card 413, a memory stick 414 (e.g., a USB stick), a CD-ROM or DVD 415, or a floppy disk 416.
- a flash memory 410 an SSD hard disk 411, a magnetic hard disk 412, a memory card 413, a memory stick 414 (e.g., a USB stick), a CD-ROM or DVD 415, or a floppy disk 416.
- the sequence of the method steps described in this specification in the individual flowcharts is not mandatory, alternative sequences of the method steps are conceivable.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE102017101359A1 (de) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-07-26 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Verfahren zum Einspeisen eines elektrischen Wechselstromes |
CN110766320A (zh) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-07 | 北京新机场建设指挥部 | 一种机场智能电网运行安全评价方法及装置 |
CN116595426B (zh) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-26 | 济南大陆机电股份有限公司 | 一种工业物联网数据智能采集管理系统 |
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WO1991003864A1 (de) * | 1989-09-11 | 1991-03-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erfassung von resonanzmessgrössen eines an einem stromrichter angeschlossenen netzes |
EP1737098A1 (de) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Dämpfung von elektromagnetischen Schwingungen in einem Leistungsystem |
EP2033060B1 (de) * | 2006-06-29 | 2013-04-03 | Edsa Micro Corporation | Automatische echtzeitoptimierung und intelligente steuerung elektrischer leistungsverteilungs- und übertragungssysteme |
DE102008037566A1 (de) * | 2008-11-19 | 2010-05-27 | Woodward Seg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer doppelt gespeisten Asynchronmaschine |
US8731501B2 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2014-05-20 | Silicon Laboratories Inc. | Systems and methods for tuning a broadcast radio receiver with digital display |
US9716428B2 (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2017-07-25 | Lionel O. Barthold | High voltage capacitive power transformer |
WO2012103246A2 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-08-02 | Power Analytics Corporation | Systems and methods for real-time dc microgrid power analytics for mission-critical power systems |
DE102011086988B3 (de) * | 2011-11-23 | 2013-03-21 | Suzlon Energy Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Windturbine |
US20170184640A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-06-29 | Carnegie Mellon University | Systems, Methods, and Software for Planning, Simulating, and Operating Electrical Power Systems |
EP3065247B1 (de) * | 2015-03-05 | 2017-05-10 | "Condensator Dominit" Dr. Christian Dresel Gesellschaft für Leistungselektronik, Energietechnik und Netzqualität mbH | Passives Filter für Wechselstrom-Oberschwingungen und Verzerrungen |
US20190163152A1 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2019-05-30 | Iteros, Inc. | Power sharing in a mesh energy system |
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US11374408B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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CA3091984A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
DE102018103996A1 (de) | 2019-08-22 |
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