EP3755452A1 - Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system - Google Patents

Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system

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Publication number
EP3755452A1
EP3755452A1 EP19710735.2A EP19710735A EP3755452A1 EP 3755452 A1 EP3755452 A1 EP 3755452A1 EP 19710735 A EP19710735 A EP 19710735A EP 3755452 A1 EP3755452 A1 EP 3755452A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filling
granular material
granulometry
adsorber
particle size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19710735.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Guillaume Rodrigues
Bernard FRAIOLI
Patrick Pereira
Patrick Le Bot
Benjamin MORINEAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP3755452A1 publication Critical patent/EP3755452A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0423—Beds in columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
    • B01J8/003—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor in a downward flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
    • C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
    • C01B13/0259—Physical processing only by adsorption on solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/30—Physical properties of adsorbents
    • B01D2253/302—Dimensions
    • B01D2253/304—Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
    • B01D2256/12—Oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
    • B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
    • B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
    • B01D2259/4146—Contiguous multilayered adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
    • B01D53/0476—Vacuum pressure swing adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
    • B01J2208/00752—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
    • B01J2208/00884—Means for supporting the bed of particles, e.g. grids, bars, perforated plates

Definitions

  • Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system
  • the present invention relates to an adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream and to a process for filling the adsorber with adsorbent material.
  • the units VSA (Vacuum Swing Adsorption) 02 are units of separation of the gases of the air by adsorption process with modulation of pressure in which the adsorption is carried out substantially with the atmospheric pressure, called high pressure, it is between 1 bara and 1.5 bar, and the desorption takes place at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, typically between 0.3 and 0.5 bar.
  • the production of gaseous oxygen reaches a purity of the order of 90% to 93% and the production range of this type of apparatus varies from 30t / d to 200t / d.
  • a compressor and a vacuum pump are often used to reach cycle pressures.
  • the VPSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out at a high pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure, that is to say generally between 1.6 and 8 bara, preferably between 2 and 6 bara, and the low pressure is below at atmospheric pressure, typically between 30 and 800 mbar, preferably between 100 and 600 mbar.
  • the PSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out at a high pressure clearly above atmospheric pressure, typically between 1.6 and 50 bara, preferably between 2 and 35 bara, and the low pressure is greater than or substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure, therefore between 1 and 9 bara, preferably between 1.2 and 2.5 bara.
  • V PSA which will include VSA, PSA, and VPSA.
  • the (V) PSA cycles comprise at least the following steps: production, decompression, purge, recompression.
  • the units generally operate with a total cycle time greater than 30 seconds and employ one to three adsorbers. We distinguish two large families of adsorbers distinguished by the direction of flow of gas, one being axial and the other radial. If the first is generally chosen for small units ( ⁇ 60 tons per day of 02 produced), the second is adapted to larger capacities.
  • Axial technology must meet a number of technical constraints including the minimization of pressure losses and empty volumes, the management of a good distribution of gas, a maintenance of adsorbents that can be carried by the process gas or adsorber movements during transport from the workshop to the production site.
  • the axial geometries are chosen because of their simplicity and cost.
  • the adsorption processes can impose a gas flow from the bottom upwards then subjecting the granular material (s) to a fluidization limit.
  • the fluidization of active granular materials can be driven by an excessive flow of gas inherent in the normal operation of the process or during an accidental flow peak.
  • a solution of the present invention is an adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising:
  • an upper domed bottom F2 comprising a main filling opening of a granular material; with said orifice having an inner diameter Din
  • the filling system A is composed of a cylinder of a cylinder perforated over all or part of its height, of its upper bottom of diameter Dext and of its lower bottom,
  • the distance Din-Dext is strictly greater than twice the size of the particles of the grain size material M
  • the particle size material M is in contact at times with at least a portion of the outer surface of the system A and at least a portion of the inner surface of the upper curved bottom F2.
  • the configuration of the adsorber according to the invention makes it possible to:
  • the adsorber according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the granulometry material M is in contact with the entire outer surface of the system A within the cylindrical shell.
  • the particle size material M is in contact with at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30% of the inner surface of the upper domed bottom F2.
  • the curved upper bottom F2 comprises at least two secondary filling holes of smaller diameter than the main orifice.
  • the secondary orifices have a diameter 2 to 6 smaller than the main orifice.
  • the granulometry material M is completed by a complementary material having a particle size MC of less than or equal to M, preferably the complementary material has a particle size MC three times smaller than the particle size M.
  • said adsorber successively comprises, in the flow direction of the gas flow, N layers (N> 1): a first layer of a granular material of ADI granulometry, an Nth-1 layer of a granular material of DNA granulometry, and Nth layer of a granular material of granulometry M, with M>AD2> ADI.
  • the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a rigid metal grid covered with a mesh fabric.
  • the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a granular material with a grain size MGS greater than ADI.
  • the granular material of the ADN granulometry is separated from the granular material of granulometry M by a flexible fabric or a rigid grid covered with a flexible fabric.
  • the granular material of DNA granulometry rests directly on the granular material of granulometry M. It goes without saying that in this case the granular material of granulometry M will be selected so that it does not allow the material of granulometry DNA to flow into his breast.
  • the adsorber R in question is of vertical axial geometry and comprises two bottoms, at least the upper bottom is curved.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of adsorber according to the invention.
  • a gas distributor can be installed at the bottom. At least one layer of active granular material is contained in the ferrule R, here two layers will be assumed.
  • the first layer of ADI adsorbent material may be supported either by a rigid metal grid covered with a sufficiently fine mesh fabric to retain the adsorbent material or by a material having an MGS granulometry greater than that of the adsorbent material, thus making it possible to limit the losses while filling part of the empty volume, the latter may be detrimental to the performance of the process.
  • the volume above the last layer of active material of DNA granulometry is filled with at least one type of granular material with a grain size M greater than DNA.
  • a flexible fabric S preferably metal, or a rigid grid covered with a flexible fabric separates the materials of particle size DNA and M.
  • the granulometry material M is in contact with a significant part of the upper convex bottom and the system A, so that in case of excessively high flow or movement of the adsorber the forces acting on the active granular materials are transmitted. to the walls of the ferrule R and to the system A via the grain size material M.
  • the volume of the upper bottom is first filled with the granulometry material M in a compact manner while leaving a space in the center allowing the insertion of the system A.
  • compact filling is meant a rain-type filling.
  • the empty volume between the particles of the grain size material M can vary substantially due to a more or less tight stack of particles constituting it - a rain type filling is considered compact, whereas a "loose" filling during which the material is spilled without special attention is considered to be loose.
  • a granular medium initially filled by any method and whose container is subjected to standardized shocks will have an intermediate compactness between the 2 compact "rain” and "bulk” mentioned above. After being put in place, the end of the system A will then be in contact with the grain size material M via its bottom D,
  • the outer diameter of the system A is chosen to be smaller than the internal diameter of the outlet orifice situated on the curved bottom F2 so that balls (it may be materials of non-spherical shapes) of the granulometry material; M can be inserted in the created annulus
  • additional filling holes OS (FIG. 4), of smaller diameter than that of the main orifice, make it possible to complete the filling of the convex bottom with a granular material having the same or smaller grain size MC as the grain size material M.
  • a compact filling of the granular materials is necessary to ensure a maintenance over time of the contact surface between the granulometry material M and the ferrule R and the system A. If this was not the case, a complement of the granulometry material M by the annular space between the system (A) and the main fill port and / or through the orifices (OS) would be needed after the adsorber has been subjected to motion or vibration.
  • Various filling systems achieve optimum compactness filling.
  • an extra-granular vacuum content of the active materials of 35% can be obtained by a cross-sieve system.
  • the filling of the grain size material M before setting up the system and the filling of the lower ADI DNA layers can be made in a compact manner, that is to say by a flow in rain, for filling the ferrule R of granular material of granulometry M by the space between the external diameter of the system A and the internal diameter of the filling orifice and the filling of the ferrule R of additional grain size material MC by the secondary filling orifices, c is not possible. Indeed there is not enough room to insert in these orifices the tools for a flow in rain. In case of vibration of the container, de-packing of the granular material can then be observed and lead to an increase in the desired contact area with the grain size material M.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the system A by providing a diagram of a front view and a diagram of a view from above.
  • the system A is provided with fixing lugs which are supported on lugs integral with the main filling opening.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for filling adsorbent material with an adsorber according to the invention comprising the following successive steps: a) partial filling of the ferrule R of granular material of particle size AD2 by the main filling opening;
  • the convex upper bottom F2 comprises at least two secondary filling holes of diameter smaller than the main orifice and said method comprises a step e) of filling the ferrule R with additional grain size material MC by the secondary filling orifices BONE.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

Abstract

An adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream, comprising a cylindrical shell (R), a lower domed end (F1), an upper domed end (F2) comprising a main orifice for filling with a granular material, with said orifice having an internal diameter Din, a granular material with a particle size ADN, a granular material with a particle size M and a filling system (A) removable from the shell made of granular material placed in the main filling orifice, characterized in that: the filling system (A) is composed of a cylinder that is perforated over all or part of the height thereof, of the upper end thereof having a diameter Dext and of the lower end thereof, the Din-Dext distance is strictly greater than twice the size of the particles of the material with a particle size M, the granular material with a particle size ADN and the granular material with a particle size M follow on from one another in the direction of circulation of the gas stream and are such that M > ADN, and the material with a particle size M is in contact with both at least one portion of the outer surface of the system (A) and at least one portion of the inner surface of the upper domed end (F2).

Description

Adsorbeur pour l'épuration ou la séparation d'un flux gazeux comprenant un système de remplissage amovible  Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system
La présente invention est relative à un adsorbeur pour l'épuration ou la séparation d'un flux gazeux et à un procédé de remplissage en matériau adsorbant de cet adsorbeur. The present invention relates to an adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream and to a process for filling the adsorber with adsorbent material.
Les unités VSA (Vacuum Swing Adsorption) 02 sont des unités de séparation des gaz de l'air par procédé d'adsorption à modulation de pression dans lequel l'adsorption s'effectue sensiblement à la pression atmosphérique, dite pression haute, c'est-à-dire entre 1 bara et 1,5 bar, et la désorption s'effectue à une pression inférieure à la pression atmosphérique, typiquement entre 0,3 à 0,5 bar. La production d'oxygène gazeux atteint une pureté de l'ordre de 90% à 93% et la gamme de production de ce type d'appareils varie de 30t/j à 200t/j. Ces procédés trouvent des applications dans les domaines tels que la purification d'eau, la fabrication de verres, le traitement des pâtes à papier, etc.  The units VSA (Vacuum Swing Adsorption) 02 are units of separation of the gases of the air by adsorption process with modulation of pressure in which the adsorption is carried out substantially with the atmospheric pressure, called high pressure, it is between 1 bara and 1.5 bar, and the desorption takes place at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, typically between 0.3 and 0.5 bar. The production of gaseous oxygen reaches a purity of the order of 90% to 93% and the production range of this type of apparatus varies from 30t / d to 200t / d. These methods have applications in fields such as water purification, glass manufacturing, pulp processing, and the like.
Un compresseur et une pompe à vide sont souvent utilisés pour atteindre les pressions du cycle.  A compressor and a vacuum pump are often used to reach cycle pressures.
Notons que même si la présente invention s'appliquera en priorité aux VSA la présente invention pourra également s'appliquer à tous les PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption = procédés de séparation de gaz par adsorption modulée en pression) :  Note that even if the present invention will apply primarily to VSA the present invention can also be applied to all PSA (pressure swing adsorption = pressure swing adsorption gas separation methods):
- les procédés VPSA dans lesquels l'adsorption s'effectue à une pression haute sensiblement supérieure à la pression atmosphérique, c'est à dire généralement entre 1,6 et 8 bara, préférentiellement entre 2 et 6 bara, et la pression basse est inférieure à la pression atmosphérique, typiquement entre 30 et 800 mbara, de préférence entre 100 et 600 mbara. the VPSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out at a high pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure, that is to say generally between 1.6 and 8 bara, preferably between 2 and 6 bara, and the low pressure is below at atmospheric pressure, typically between 30 and 800 mbar, preferably between 100 and 600 mbar.
- les procédés PSA dans lesquels l'adsorption s'effectue à une pression haute nettement supérieure à la pression atmosphérique, typiquement entre 1,6 et 50 bara, préférentiellement entre 2 et 35 bara, et la pression basse est supérieure ou sensiblement égale à la pression atmosphérique, donc entre 1 et 9 bara, de préférence entre 1,2 et 2,5 bara. the PSA processes in which the adsorption is carried out at a high pressure clearly above atmospheric pressure, typically between 1.6 and 50 bara, preferably between 2 and 35 bara, and the low pressure is greater than or substantially equal to the atmospheric pressure, therefore between 1 and 9 bara, preferably between 1.2 and 2.5 bara.
Par la suite on utilisera le terme (V)PSA qui regroupera les VSA, les PSA, et les VPSA.  Subsequently, we will use the term (V) PSA which will include VSA, PSA, and VPSA.
Les cycles de (V)PSA comprennent au moins les étapes suivantes : production, décompression, purge, recompression.  The (V) PSA cycles comprise at least the following steps: production, decompression, purge, recompression.
Les unités fonctionnent généralement avec un temps de cycle total supérieur à 30 secondes et emploient un à trois adsorbeurs. On distinguera 2 grandes familles d'adsorbeurs distinguées par le sens d'écoulement des gaz, l'une étant axiale et l'autre radiale. Si la première est généralement choisie pour les unités de petite taille (<60 tonnes par jour d'02 produit), la seconde est adaptée aux plus grandes capacités. La technologie axiale se doit de répondre à nombre de contraintes techniques incluant la minimisation des pertes de charges et des volumes vides, la gestion d'une bonne distribution du gaz, un maintien des adsorbants pouvant être entraînés par le gaz process ou des mouvements des adsorbeurs lors de leur transport de l'atelier jusqu'au site de production. The units generally operate with a total cycle time greater than 30 seconds and employ one to three adsorbers. We distinguish two large families of adsorbers distinguished by the direction of flow of gas, one being axial and the other radial. If the first is generally chosen for small units (<60 tons per day of 02 produced), the second is adapted to larger capacities. Axial technology must meet a number of technical constraints including the minimization of pressure losses and empty volumes, the management of a good distribution of gas, a maintenance of adsorbents that can be carried by the process gas or adsorber movements during transport from the workshop to the production site.
Lorsque des débits très importants doivent être traités, les pertes de charge et les problèmes d'attrition deviennent limitant pour la technologie axiale. Une solution consiste à passer en géométrie radiale offrant en comparaison une perte de charge réduite pour un rayon d'adsorbeur donné. Par ailleurs, l'adsorbeur radial n'est théoriquement pas soumis à une limitation vis-à-vis des phénomènes d'attrition. Le lit d'adsorbant est maintenu entre des grilles perforées verticales. Les inconvénients majeurs de cette technologie radiale sont une augmentation des volumes morts, une limitation du nombre de couches d'adsorbant en raison de la complexité d'installation des grilles concentriques, la difficulté à assurer une bonne distribution gazeuse, ainsi qu'un coût de fabrication élevé.  When very high flow rates have to be processed, pressure losses and attrition problems become limiting for axial technology. One solution is to go in radial geometry offering in comparison a reduced pressure drop for a given adsorber radius. Moreover, the radial adsorber is theoretically not subject to limitation with respect to attrition phenomena. The adsorbent bed is maintained between vertical perforated grids. The major drawbacks of this radial technology are an increase in dead volumes, a limitation of the number of adsorbent layers due to the complexity of installation of concentric grids, the difficulty of ensuring a good gas distribution, as well as a cost of high manufacturing.
Dans le cas de débits modérés, les géométries axiales sont choisies en raison de leur simplicité et de leur coût. Les procédés adsorption peuvent imposer une circulation du gaz du bas vers le haut soumettant alors le(s) matériau(x) granulaire(s) à une limite de fluidisation.  In the case of moderate flows, the axial geometries are chosen because of their simplicity and cost. The adsorption processes can impose a gas flow from the bottom upwards then subjecting the granular material (s) to a fluidization limit.
La fluidisation des matériaux granulaires actifs peut être entraînée par un flux trop important de gaz inhérent au fonctionnement normal du procédé ou lors d'un pic de débit accidentel.  The fluidization of active granular materials can be driven by an excessive flow of gas inherent in the normal operation of the process or during an accidental flow peak.
Partant de là, un problème qui se pose est de fournir un adsorbeur amélioré à géométrie axiale et présentant un meilleur maintien du ou des adsorbants granulaires.  Starting from there, a problem that arises is to provide an improved adsorber with axial geometry and having a better maintenance of the granular adsorbents.
Une solution de la présente invention est un adsorbeur pour l'épuration ou la séparation d'un flux gazeux comprenant :  A solution of the present invention is an adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising:
- une virole cylindrique R  a cylindrical shell R
- un fond bombé inférieur Fl  - Bottom bottom bottom Fl
- un fond bombé supérieur F2 comprenant un orifice principal de remplissage d'un matériau granulaire ; avec ledit orifice présentant un diamètre intérieur Din  an upper domed bottom F2 comprising a main filling opening of a granular material; with said orifice having an inner diameter Din
- un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN - un matériau granulaire de granulométrie M et a granular material of DNA granulometry a granular material of granulometry M and
- un système de remplissage A amovible de la virole en matériau granulaire positionné dans l'orifice principal de remplissage,  a removable filling system A of the ferrule made of granular material positioned in the main filling opening,
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that
- le système de remplissage A est composé d'un cylindre d'un cylindre perforé sur toute ou partie de sa hauteur, de son fond supérieur de diamètre Dext et de son fond inférieur, the filling system A is composed of a cylinder of a cylinder perforated over all or part of its height, of its upper bottom of diameter Dext and of its lower bottom,
- la distance Din-Dext est strictement supérieure à deux fois la taille des particules du matériau de granulométrie M, the distance Din-Dext is strictly greater than twice the size of the particles of the grain size material M,
- le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN et le matériau granulaire de granulométrie M se succèdent dans le sens de circulation du flux gazeux et sont tels que M > ADN  the granular material of the DNA granulometry and the granular material of granulometry M follow one another in the direction of circulation of the gas flow and are such that M> DNA
- le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact à fois avec au moins une partie de la surface extérieure du système A et au moins une partie de la surface intérieure du fond bombé supérieur F2.  - The particle size material M is in contact at times with at least a portion of the outer surface of the system A and at least a portion of the inner surface of the upper curved bottom F2.
La configuration de l'adsorbeur selon l'invention permet de :  The configuration of the adsorber according to the invention makes it possible to:
- maintenir le lit adsorbant,  - maintain the adsorbent bed,
- d'assurer une meilleure distribution de gaz, et  - to ensure a better distribution of gas, and
- d'assurer un meilleur remplissage de l'adsorbeur.  to ensure a better filling of the adsorber.
Selon le cas, l'adsorbeur selon l'invention peut présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :  Depending on the case, the adsorber according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
- le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact avec la totalité de la surface extérieure du système A comprise à l'intérieur de la virole cylindrique.  - The granulometry material M is in contact with the entire outer surface of the system A within the cylindrical shell.
- le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact avec au moins 10%, de préférence au moins 20%, encore plus préférentiellement au moins 30% de la surface intérieure du fond bombé supérieur F2.  - The particle size material M is in contact with at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30% of the inner surface of the upper domed bottom F2.
- le fond supérieur bombé F2 comprend au moins deux orifices de remplissage secondaires de diamètre inférieure à l'orifice principal.  - The curved upper bottom F2 comprises at least two secondary filling holes of smaller diameter than the main orifice.
- les orifices secondaires ont un diamètre 2 à 6 plus petit que l'orifice principal.  the secondary orifices have a diameter 2 to 6 smaller than the main orifice.
- le matériau de granulométrie M est complété par un matériau complémentaire de granulométrie MC inférieure ou égale à M, de préférence le matériau complémentaire présente une granulométrie MC trois fois plus petite que la granulométrie M. En effet, il s'agit d'éviter que le matériau MC s'écoule dans les interstices du matériau M. - ledit adsorbeur comprend successivement dans le sens de circulation du flux gazeux, N couches (N>1): une première couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADI, une Nième-1 couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN, et une Nième couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie M, avec M > AD2 > ADI. the granulometry material M is completed by a complementary material having a particle size MC of less than or equal to M, preferably the complementary material has a particle size MC three times smaller than the particle size M. In fact, it is necessary to avoid that the material MC flows in the interstices of the material M. said adsorber successively comprises, in the flow direction of the gas flow, N layers (N> 1): a first layer of a granular material of ADI granulometry, an Nth-1 layer of a granular material of DNA granulometry, and Nth layer of a granular material of granulometry M, with M>AD2> ADI.
- la première couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADI est supportée par une grille métallique rigide recouverte d'une toile de maillage.  the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a rigid metal grid covered with a mesh fabric.
- la première couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADI est supportée par un matériau granulaire de granulométrie MGS supérieur à ADI.  the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a granular material with a grain size MGS greater than ADI.
- le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN est séparé du matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par une toile souple ou une grille rigide recouverte d'une toile souple. the granular material of the ADN granulometry is separated from the granular material of granulometry M by a flexible fabric or a rigid grid covered with a flexible fabric.
- le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN repose directement sur le matériau granulaire de granulométrie M. Il va de soi que dans ce cas le matériau granulaire de granulométrie M sera sélectionné afin qu'il ne permette pas au matériau de granulométrie ADN de s'écouler en son sein. the granular material of DNA granulometry rests directly on the granular material of granulometry M. It goes without saying that in this case the granular material of granulometry M will be selected so that it does not allow the material of granulometry DNA to flow into his breast.
L'adsorbeur R en question est de géométrie axiale verticale et comporte deux fonds, dont au moins le fond supérieur est bombé.  The adsorber R in question is of vertical axial geometry and comprises two bottoms, at least the upper bottom is curved.
Il comporte également deux orifices de circulation du gaz, l'un au niveau du fond inférieur, le second au niveau du fond bombé supérieur. Ce dernier est également l'orifice de remplissage principal des matériaux granulaires et permet l'installation du système (A).  It also has two gas circulation holes, one at the bottom bottom, the second at the upper domed bottom. The latter is also the main filling port of the granular materials and allows the installation of the system (A).
La présente invention va être décrite plus en détail à l'aide des figures 1 à 3.  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
La Figure 1 représente un exemple d'adsorbeur selon l'invention.  Figure 1 shows an example of adsorber according to the invention.
Un distributeur de gaz peut être installé en partie basse. Au moins une couche de matériau granulaire actif est contenue dans la virole R, on supposera ici 2 couches. La première couche de matériau adsorbant ADI peut-être supportée soit par une grille métallique rigide recouverte d'une toile de maillage suffisamment fin pour retenir le matériau adsorbant soit par un matériau de granulométrie MGS supérieure à celle du matériau adsorbant, permettant ainsi de limiter les pertes de charge tout en comblant une partie du volume vide, ce dernier pouvant être néfaste aux performances du procédé.  A gas distributor can be installed at the bottom. At least one layer of active granular material is contained in the ferrule R, here two layers will be assumed. The first layer of ADI adsorbent material may be supported either by a rigid metal grid covered with a sufficiently fine mesh fabric to retain the adsorbent material or by a material having an MGS granulometry greater than that of the adsorbent material, thus making it possible to limit the losses while filling part of the empty volume, the latter may be detrimental to the performance of the process.
Le volume au dessus de la dernière couche de matériau actif de granulométrie ADN est rempli d'au moins un type de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M supérieure à ADN. Une toile souple S, préférentiellement métallique, ou une grille rigide recouverte d'une toile souple sépare les matériaux de granulométrie ADN et M. Le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact avec une partie significative du fond bombé supérieur et du système A, de telle sorte qu'en cas de trop fort débit ou mouvement de l'adsorbeur les forces s'exerçant sur les matériaux granulaires actifs soient transmises aux parois de la virole R et au système A via le matériau de granulométrie M. The volume above the last layer of active material of DNA granulometry is filled with at least one type of granular material with a grain size M greater than DNA. A flexible fabric S, preferably metal, or a rigid grid covered with a flexible fabric separates the materials of particle size DNA and M. The granulometry material M is in contact with a significant part of the upper convex bottom and the system A, so that in case of excessively high flow or movement of the adsorber the forces acting on the active granular materials are transmitted. to the walls of the ferrule R and to the system A via the grain size material M.
Il est nécessaire d'assurer une surface de contact maximale entre le matériau de granulométrie M, la paroi supérieure de la virole R et le système A.  It is necessary to ensure a maximum contact area between the grain size material M, the top wall of the ferrule R and the system A.
Pour cela,  For that,
-le volume du fond supérieur est tout d'abord rempli du matériau de granulométrie M de manière compacte tout en laissant un espace au centre permettant l'insertion du système A. Par remplissage de manière compacte on entend un remplissage de type pluie. En effet, selon la méthode de remplissage, le volume vide entre les particules du matériau de granulométrie M peut varier sensiblement du fait d'un empilement plus ou moins serré des particules le constituant - un remplissage type pluie est considéré comme compact, alors qu'un remplissage « vrac » pendant lequel le matériau est déversé sans attention particulière est considéré comme peu compact. Un milieu granulaire initialement rempli par une méthode quelconque et dont le récipient est soumis à des chocs normalisés aura une compacité intermédiaire entre les 2 compacités « pluie » et « vrac » mentionnées précédemment. Après sa mise en place, l'extrémité du système A sera alors en contact avec le matériau de granulométrie M via son fond D,  the volume of the upper bottom is first filled with the granulometry material M in a compact manner while leaving a space in the center allowing the insertion of the system A. By compact filling is meant a rain-type filling. Indeed, according to the filling method, the empty volume between the particles of the grain size material M can vary substantially due to a more or less tight stack of particles constituting it - a rain type filling is considered compact, whereas a "loose" filling during which the material is spilled without special attention is considered to be loose. A granular medium initially filled by any method and whose container is subjected to standardized shocks will have an intermediate compactness between the 2 compact "rain" and "bulk" mentioned above. After being put in place, the end of the system A will then be in contact with the grain size material M via its bottom D,
-le diamètre externe du système A est choisi de taille inférieure au diamètre interne de l'orifice de sortie situé sur le fond bombé F2 de telle sorte que des billes (il peut s'agir de matériaux de formes non sphérique) du matériau de granulométrie M puissent être insérées dans l'espace annulaire ainsi créé  the outer diameter of the system A is chosen to be smaller than the internal diameter of the outlet orifice situated on the curved bottom F2 so that balls (it may be materials of non-spherical shapes) of the granulometry material; M can be inserted in the created annulus
-des Orifices de remplissage supplémentaires OS (figure 4), de diamètre inférieur à celui de l'orifice principal permettent de compléter le remplissage du fond bombé par un matériau granulaire de granulométrie MC identique ou inférieure au matériau de granulométrie M.  additional filling holes OS (FIG. 4), of smaller diameter than that of the main orifice, make it possible to complete the filling of the convex bottom with a granular material having the same or smaller grain size MC as the grain size material M.
Un remplissage compact des matériaux granulaires est nécessaire pour assurer un maintien dans le temps de la surface de contact entre le matériau de granulométrie M et la virole R et le système A. Si ça n'était pas le cas, un complément du matériau de granulométrie M par l'espace annulaire entre le système (A) et l'orifice de remplissage principal et/ou par les orifices (OS) seraient nécessaire après que l'adsorbeur ait été soumis mouvement ou vibrations. Divers systèmes de remplissage permettent d'atteindre une compacité optimale de remplissage. A titre d'exemple, pour des matériaux granulaires sphériques ou pseudo sphériques, un taux de vide extra-granulaire des matériaux actifs de 35% peut être obtenu par un système de tamis croisés. Si le remplissage du matériau de granulométrie M avant mise en place du système et le remplissage des couches inférieures ADI à ADN peuvent-être faites de manière compacte, c'est-à-dire par un écoulement en pluie, pour le remplissage de la virole R de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par l'espace compris entre le diamètre externe du système A et le diamètre interne de l'orifice de remplissage et le remplissage de la virole R de matériau complémentaire de granulométrie MC par les orifices de remplissage secondaires, c'est pas possible. En effet il n'y a pas assez de place pour insérer dans ces orifices les outils permettant un écoulement en pluie. En cas de vibration du récipient, un dé-tassement du matériau granulaire peut alors être observé et conduire à une augmentation de la surface de contact recherchée avec le matériau de granulométrie M. A compact filling of the granular materials is necessary to ensure a maintenance over time of the contact surface between the granulometry material M and the ferrule R and the system A. If this was not the case, a complement of the granulometry material M by the annular space between the system (A) and the main fill port and / or through the orifices (OS) would be needed after the adsorber has been subjected to motion or vibration. Various filling systems achieve optimum compactness filling. By way of example, for spherical or pseudo-spherical granular materials, an extra-granular vacuum content of the active materials of 35% can be obtained by a cross-sieve system. If the filling of the grain size material M before setting up the system and the filling of the lower ADI DNA layers can be made in a compact manner, that is to say by a flow in rain, for filling the ferrule R of granular material of granulometry M by the space between the external diameter of the system A and the internal diameter of the filling orifice and the filling of the ferrule R of additional grain size material MC by the secondary filling orifices, c is not possible. Indeed there is not enough room to insert in these orifices the tools for a flow in rain. In case of vibration of the container, de-packing of the granular material can then be observed and lead to an increase in the desired contact area with the grain size material M.
Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent le système A en fournissant un schéma d'une vue de face et un schéma d'une vue de dessus.  Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the system A by providing a diagram of a front view and a diagram of a view from above.
Le système A est muni de pattes de fixation qui viennent s'appuyer sur des ergots solidaires de l'orifice de remplissage principal.  The system A is provided with fixing lugs which are supported on lugs integral with the main filling opening.
La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de remplissage en matériau adsorbant d'un adsorbeur selon l'invention comprenant les étapes successives suivantes : a) remplissage partiel de la virole R de matériau granulaire de granulométrie AD2 par l'orifice principal de remplissage ;  The present invention also relates to a process for filling adsorbent material with an adsorber according to the invention comprising the following successive steps: a) partial filling of the ferrule R of granular material of particle size AD2 by the main filling opening;
b) remplissage partiel de la virole R de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par l'orifice principal de remplissage en laissant un volume permettant la mise en place du système de remplissage A; b) partially filling the ferrule R granular material grain size M by the main filling opening leaving a volume for the introduction of the filling system A;
c) mise en place du système de remplissage A dans l'orifice de remplissage de manière à mettre le fond inférieur du système de remplissage en contact avec le matériau de granulométrie M; c) setting up the filling system A in the filling orifice so as to put the lower bottom of the filling system in contact with the grain size material M;
d) remplissage de la virole R de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par l'espace compris entre le diamètre externe du système A et le diamètre interne de l'orifice de remplissage. Notons qu'à l'étape b) le volume permettant la mise en place du système de remplissage A ne peut pas être un cylindre car il y a écoulement du matériau granulaire de granulométrie M selon l'angle de talutage. De préférence, le fond supérieur bombé F2 comprend au moins deux orifices de remplissage secondaires de diamètre inférieure à l'orifice principal et ledit procédé comprend une étape e) de remplissage de la virole R de matériau complémentaire de granulométrie MC par les orifices de remplissage secondaires OS. d) filling the ferrule R granular material grain size M by the space between the outer diameter of the system A and the internal diameter of the filling orifice. Note that in step b) the volume allowing the introduction of the filling system A can not be a cylinder because there is flow granular material grain size M according to the angle of slop. Preferably, the convex upper bottom F2 comprises at least two secondary filling holes of diameter smaller than the main orifice and said method comprises a step e) of filling the ferrule R with additional grain size material MC by the secondary filling orifices BONE.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Adsorbeur pour l'épuration ou la séparation d'un flux gazeux comprenant : An adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising:
- une virole cylindrique (R)  - a cylindrical shell (R)
- un fond bombé inférieur (Fl)  - a bottom curved bottom (Fl)
- un fond bombé supérieur (F2) comprenant un orifice principal de remplissage d'un matériau granulaire ; avec ledit orifice présentant un diamètre intérieur Din  - An upper domed bottom (F2) comprising a main opening for filling a granular material; with said orifice having an inner diameter Din
- un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN  a granular material of DNA granulometry
- un matériau granulaire de granulométrie M et  a granular material of granulometry M and
- un système de remplissage (A) amovible de la virole en matériau granulaire positionné dans l'orifice principal de remplissage,  a removable filling system (A) for the shell of granular material positioned in the main filling opening,
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that
- le système de remplissage (A) est composé d'un cylindre perforé sur toute ou partie de sa hauteur, de son fond supérieur de diamètre Dext et de son fond inférieur,  the filling system (A) is composed of a cylinder perforated over all or part of its height, its upper bottom diameter Dext and its bottom bottom,
- la distance Din-Dext est strictement supérieure à deux fois la taille des particules du matériau de granulométrie M,  the distance Din-Dext is strictly greater than twice the size of the particles of the grain size material M,
- le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN et le matériau granulaire de granulométrie M se succèdent dans le sens de circulation du flux gazeux et sont tels que M > ADN  the granular material of the DNA granulometry and the granular material of granulometry M follow one another in the direction of circulation of the gas flow and are such that M> DNA
- le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact à fois avec au moins une partie de la surface extérieure du système (A) et au moins une partie de la surface intérieure du fond bombé supérieur (F2).  - The particle size material M is in contact at times with at least a portion of the outer surface of the system (A) and at least a portion of the inner surface of the upper curved bottom (F2).
2. Adsorbeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact avec la totalité de la surface extérieure du système (A) comprise à l'intérieur de la virole cylindrique. 2. Adsorber according to claim 1, characterized in that the granulometry material M is in contact with the entire outer surface of the system (A) contained within the cylindrical shell.
3. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de granulométrie M est en contact avec au moins 10%, de préférence au moins 20%, encore plus préférentiellement au moins 30% de la surface intérieure du fond bombé supérieur (F2). 3. Adsorber according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the granulometry material M is in contact with at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, even more preferably at least 30% of the inner surface of the upper rounded bottom (F2).
4. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le fond supérieur bombé (F2) comprend au moins deux orifices de remplissage secondaires de diamètre inférieure à l'orifice principal. 4. Adsorber according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the curved upper bottom (F2) comprises at least two secondary filling holes of smaller diameter than the main orifice.
5. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les orifices secondaires ont un diamètre 2 à 6 plus petit que l'orifice principal. 5. Adsorber according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the secondary orifices have a diameter 2 to 6 smaller than the main orifice.
6. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de granulométrie M est complété par un matériau complémentaire de granulométrie MC inférieure ou égale à M. 6. Adsorber according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the granulometry material M is supplemented by a complementary material of particle size MC less than or equal to M.
7. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit adsorbeur comprend successivement dans le sens de circulation du flux gazeux (N>1): 7. Adsorber according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said adsorber comprises successively in the direction of flow of the gas stream (N> 1):
- une succession de N couches de matériaux granulaires de granulométrie croissantes ADI à ADN ; et  a succession of N layers of granular materials of increasing particle size ADI to DNA; and
- une couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie M.  a layer of granular material of granulometry M.
8. Adsorbeur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la première couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADI est supportée par une grille métallique rigide recouverte d'une toile de maillage. 8. Adsorber according to claim 7, characterized in that the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a rigid metal grid covered with a mesh fabric.
9. Adsorbeur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la première couche d'un matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADI est supportée par un matériau granulaire de granulométrie MGS supérieur à ADI. 9. Adsorber according to claim 7, characterized in that the first layer of a granular material of ADI particle size is supported by a granular material with a grain size MGS greater than ADI.
10. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN est séparé du matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par une toile souple ou une grille rigide recouverte d'une toile souple. 10. Adsorber according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the granular material of particle size DNA is separated from the granular material grain size M by a flexible fabric or a rigid grid covered with a flexible fabric.
11. Adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN repose directement sur le matériau granulaire de granulométrie M. 11. Adsorber according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the granular material of DNA granulometry rests directly on the granular material grain size M.
12. Procédé de remplissage en matériau adsorbant d'un adsorbeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11 comprenant les étapes successives suivantes : 12. A method of filling an adsorber adsorbent material according to one of claims 1 to 11 comprising the following successive steps:
a) remplissage partiel de la virole (R) de matériau granulaire de granulométrie ADN par l'orifice principal de remplissage ; a) partial filling of the ferrule (R) of granular material of DNA granulometry by the main filling opening;
b) remplissage partiel de la virole (R) de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par l'orifice principal de remplissage en laissant libre un volume permettant la mise en place du système de remplissage (A) ; b) partially filling the ferrule (R) granular material grain size M by the main filling opening leaving a free volume allowing the introduction of the filling system (A);
c) mise en place du système de remplissage (A) dans l'orifice de remplissage de manière à mettre le fond inférieur du système de remplissage en contact avec le matériau de granulométrie M; et c) setting up the filling system (A) in the filling orifice so as to put the lower bottom of the filling system in contact with the grain size material M; and
d) remplissage de la virole (R) de matériau granulaire de granulométrie M par l'espace compris entre le diamètre externe du système A et le diamètre interne de l'orifice de remplissage. d) filling the ferrule (R) granular material grain size M by the space between the outer diameter of the system A and the internal diameter of the filling orifice.
13. Procédé de remplissage selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le fond supérieur bombé F2 comprend au moins deux orifices de remplissage secondaires de diamètre inférieure à l'orifice principal et ledit procédé comprend une étape e) de remplissage de la virole (R) de matériau complémentaire de granulométrie MC par les orifices de remplissage secondaires OS. 13. Filling method according to claim 12, characterized in that the curved upper bottom F2 comprises at least two secondary filling holes of diameter smaller than the main orifice and said method comprises a step e) of filling the shell (R ) of additional material grain size MC by the secondary filling holes OS.
EP19710735.2A 2018-02-23 2019-02-11 Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system Pending EP3755452A1 (en)

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FR1851601A FR3078269B1 (en) 2018-02-23 2018-02-23 ADSORBER FOR THE PURIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF A GAS STREAM COMPRISING A REMOVABLE FILLING SYSTEM
PCT/FR2019/050293 WO2019162591A1 (en) 2018-02-23 2019-02-11 Adsorber for purifying or separating a gas stream comprising a removable filling system

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RU2020129172A3 (en) 2022-03-29
CN111727081B (en) 2022-08-23
CN111727081A (en) 2020-09-29
US11679355B2 (en) 2023-06-20
US20200398211A1 (en) 2020-12-24
WO2019162591A1 (en) 2019-08-29
FR3078269B1 (en) 2020-02-14
RU2020129172A (en) 2022-03-03
FR3078269A1 (en) 2019-08-30

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