EP3751228A1 - Projectile, method of manufacturing a projectile and ammunition - Google Patents
Projectile, method of manufacturing a projectile and ammunition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3751228A1 EP3751228A1 EP20179803.0A EP20179803A EP3751228A1 EP 3751228 A1 EP3751228 A1 EP 3751228A1 EP 20179803 A EP20179803 A EP 20179803A EP 3751228 A1 EP3751228 A1 EP 3751228A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- projection
- ammunition
- annular recess
- tail
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
- F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
- F42B10/42—Streamlined projectiles
- F42B10/46—Streamlined nose cones; Windshields; Radomes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
- F42B10/38—Range-increasing arrangements
- F42B10/42—Streamlined projectiles
- F42B10/44—Boat-tails specially adapted for drag reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a projectile for ammunition, particularly rimfire ammunition.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a projectile for ammunition, in particular for rimfire ammunition.
- the present invention also provides ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition.
- the design of projectiles is usually based on two main objectives, which usually conflict with one another.
- the aim can be to maximize the acceleration of the projectile in the course of a firearm.
- the focus can be on optimizing the aerodynamics of the projectile, on the one hand to achieve the best possible precision and, on the other hand, the greatest possible firing range.
- US 8,485,100 B2 teaches an aerodynamically improved teardrop-shaped projectile, the rear of which is inserted into a separate holding sleeve which is pressed into a cartridge case.
- the holding sleeve acts as a so-called sabot and serves to seal the gun barrel and to absorb the gas pressure. After the projectile has been fired, it separates from the holding sleeve.
- the precision of the projectile has proven to be disadvantageous. In particular, there is neither a twist stabilization in the barrel of the firearm nor a stabilization in flight, so that the projectile according to US 8,485,100 B2 susceptible to external influences, such as wind, which cause it to deviate from the desired trajectory.
- US 10,139,207 B2 discloses a projectile with a rear recess into which a plurality of concentrically arranged, separate rear attachments are screwed in order to achieve an improved grass pressure effect to increase the acceleration.
- the rear extensions also have a rear recess, in which a rear extension is screwed.
- the rear attachments are shaped and dimensioned in relation to the depressions in such a way that a circumferential annular space results, the cross section of which is increasingly reduced in size against the firing direction.
- Such a projectile however, has disadvantageous aerodynamics, so that on the one hand a short flight range and on the other hand a low precision is guaranteed.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the known prior art, in particular to provide a projectile whose precision is improved, in particular without impairing the acceleration within the firearm barrel.
- a projectile for ammunition in particular rimfire ammunition
- Ammunition or cartridges combine the components necessary for firing the projectile or the projectile from a firearm and usually consist of a case, primer cap, propellant charge and projectile.
- Rimfire ammunition is a special type of ammunition.
- the primer for rimfire cartridges is arranged in the base of the case in the area of a circumferential annular bead, or is cast into it. By striking a correspondingly dimensioned firing pin from behind on the annular bead of the case base, the latter is squeezed in order to ignite the ignition charge arranged in the annular bead and, as a result of the propellant powder in contact with it.
- the projectile also called projectile
- the projectiles of the present invention have a caliber of less than 13 mm, in particular of at most 12.7 mm.
- the caliber is generally a measure of the outside diameter of projectiles and / or the inside diameter of the barrel of a firearm.
- the projectile comprises a bow section which is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the projectile or at the front in relation to the direction of flight and can be formed in the shape of an ogive, in particular to have a flow-optimized shape. Furthermore, the projectile comprises a projectile tail, which is arranged at the rear in relation to the direction of flight and in the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
- the rear of the projectile has an annular recess on one end face, which is oriented in particular against the direction of flight.
- the annular recess extends, for example, from the end face in the direction of the bow section by a certain axial length.
- the annular recess is delimited radially on the outside by an annular rim running around in the circumferential direction, which is part of the projectile tail.
- a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile is arranged in the annular recess. The projection is at least partially spaced apart radially from the ring edge, so that in particular the ring recess results.
- the ring edge and the projection and optionally the bow section are made from one piece.
- the projectile is made entirely from one piece, preferably from metal.
- the rear area, in particular the ring edge is designed to be flexible or deformable in such a way that its shape can change slightly when the projectile is fired as a result of the gas pressure at the rear.
- a uniform acceleration of the run is achieved without interference from friction, in particular on stiff edges, for example when entering the barrel or when leaving the barrel.
- the projection arranged in the ring recess together with the ring edge surrounding the ring recess radially circumferentially, creates an undercut or an undercut on which the powder gas development can exert a force that is greater than that of a conventional tail, so that an improvement in running acceleration also occurs .
- stabilization of the projectile in flight is achieved. This is particularly related to the fact that tail vortices can form around the pin, which can protrude through the undercut into the annular recess and thus into the interior of the projectile in order to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory.
- the so-called “base drag”, a suction effect at the rear is reduced in this way.
- the projectile according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it has both improved precision and improved running performance, such as increased acceleration and / or reduced friction within the barrel.
- the ring edge has an essentially constant wall thickness along its longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction of the projectile of 5% to preferably 30% of a caliber diameter.
- the caliber is generally a measure of the outer diameter of projectiles or the inner diameter of the barrel of the firearm.
- the wall thickness is preferably approximately 8% to preferably 20% of the caliber diameter.
- an axial dimension of the ring edge is in the range from 5% to preferably 30% of a total length of the projectile.
- the ring edge can be arranged concentrically to the projectile longitudinal axis oriented in the projectile longitudinal direction.
- the ring edge can have a constant outer diameter and / or an outer jacket surface of the ring edge can have a constant distance from the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
- the specific dimensioning of the ring edge ensures that the ring edge can yield into the free space resulting from the undercut or the undercut in the ring recess, which occurs, for example, when the projectile is immersed in the barrel, when it is pressed into the train field. Profile of the barrel and when leaving the barrel. As a result, alignment, in particular centering, is promoted while running and possible disturbances or changes in direction, for example due to tilting, are reduced.
- the projectile tail shape according to the invention has an advantageous effect on the precision, as the projection in combination with the ring recess and the ring edge surrounding the ring recess stabilizes the tail vortex, so that the projectile is less susceptible to external forces, such as the effects of wind.
- the projection has an at least partially continuous cross section, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the projectile and / or a cross section that tapers against the direction of the projectile.
- the projection is conical, frustoconical or curved, preferably partially spherical, in particular hemispherical.
- the projection is arranged concentrically to the projectile longitudinal axis oriented in the projectile longitudinal direction. This enhances the inventive effect of stabilizing the projectile during flight.
- a shape of the projectile tail that is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, in particular of the ring edge, the ring recess and the projection, can be established.
- the preferably round, cross-sectional shape of the projection tapering to a point in the direction of the projectile tail has an advantageous effect on the formation of the tail vortices during the flight of the projectile, namely in particular an increasingly elliptical shape of the tail vortices (according to the simulation) is generated and / or the eddies extend into the interior of the projectile, namely into the annular recess.
- the annular recess runs around the projection in the circumferential direction radially on the outside, in particular completely. Furthermore, the projection can merge directly into the ring edge in particular all around. This can result in a substantially triangular ring depression in cross section.
- the ring recess widens continuously at least in sections between the projection and the ring edge, starting from a transition contour, such as a transition edge or a transition web extending transversely, preferably perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
- a cross section of the annular recess can increase continuously, at least in sections, starting from the transition contour between the projection and the annular edge.
- the projection directly adjoins the edge of the ring, so that the transition contour is a pointed transition edge.
- a transition contour extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the projectile and preferably in the circumferential direction around the projection can be formed in the form of a transition web, whereby a volume defined by the ring recess is increased.
- the projection has an axial length in the longitudinal direction of the projectile in the range of 20% - 140% of a caliber diameter.
- the minimal projection length can create an ideal space or space for the formation and expression of the tail vertebrae.
- the maximum projection length can, for example, determine the ideal development of the flow lines during the flight of the projectile, so that the result is flow lines that extend as long as possible, ie as far away from the projectile stern in the direction of the projectile longitudinal axis.
- the projection can protrude axially beyond the end face of the projectile rear in the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
- the projection protrudes by at least 5% of a caliber diameter and / or by at most 50% of a caliber diameter over the end face of the projectile tail. It was found that with short projectile lengths the center of gravity of the projectile shifts slightly forward in the direction of the pressure point, ie that point during the flight of the projectile at which the sum of the attacking forces is equal to zero. It was also found that from a certain axial length of the projection, in particular from a certain axial protrusion in relation to the end face of the projectile tail, the center of gravity shifts absolutely slightly backwards, but relative to the change in length it also shifts forwards in the direction of the projectile nose in the direction of the pressure point . According to the invention, the provision of the projection within the annular recess, in particular due to the preferred dimensioning according to the invention, enables the projectile to be stabilized during flight, whereby its precision can be significantly improved.
- the projection has a cone shape or a truncated cone shape.
- the cone shape or truncated cone shape can be oriented in the direction of the projectile tail, that is, against the flight direction of the projectile in the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
- a cone tip or a truncated cone end points against the direction of flight of the projectile.
- an opening angle of a jacket of the projection starting from a cone tip or a truncated cone end can be at least 20 ° and preferably at most 90 °, in particular 60 °. It was found that this dimensioning of the projection results in a volume of the annular recess, so that the advantages according to the invention are particularly pronounced.
- the projection in the interior of the projectile merges into an annular recess base, which is implemented, for example, by the transition contour.
- the reason for specialization can be in Be oriented in the radial direction and open into the edge of the ring.
- the recess bottom can be a circumferential transition edge or a circumferential transition web with radial dimensions.
- a radial ring dimension of the recess base, in particular of the transition web is at least 0.05 mm and preferably at most 1.5 mm. It should be clear that in the case of a transition edge as a transition contour or recess base, there is no significant ring dimension, but rather the edge merges directly into the projection.
- the projectile is produced by deformation, in particular tensile compression deformation, preferably deep drawing.
- a metal band or a metal wire can be used as the blank, which is first reshaped in such a way that an in particular ogive-shaped bow section and a flat projectile tail result, for example by pressing. Subsequently, an annular recess and a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile are made in the projectile tail, preferably pressed, for example by means of a stamp pressed on the rear.
- a method for producing a projectile for ammunition in particular rimfire ammunition, is provided.
- the method according to the invention can be designed in such a way that it realizes, in particular produces, the projectile according to one of the aspects or exemplary embodiments described above.
- a metal strip or metal wire blank is provided.
- the metal strip or metal wire blank can, for example, be pre-assembled, i.e. be pre-matched with regard to a required axial length and / or wall thickness dimension.
- the complete shaping is achieved by means of the downstream manufacturing process, which can be, for example, a forming process, tensile compression forming process, in particular deep drawing.
- the metal strip or metal wire blank is reshaped, preferably pressed, in order to form an in particular ogive-shaped bow section and a projectile tail, in particular a projectile tail which is flat at the end.
- the projectile tail can, for example, have a cylindrical shape when viewed on the outer circumference have and open into a flat, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the projectile, end face.
- annular recess and a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile are made, preferably pressed, in the projectile tail.
- the projection and the annular recess are introduced into the projectile tail, in particular pressed, in such a way that a circumferential ring edge that delimits the annular recess radially on the outside results and / or the annular recess surrounds the projection radially on the outside.
- a projectile can be produced with improved precision in a manner that is simple and inexpensive in terms of production technology and which also has good acceleration within the gun barrel.
- the rear area in particular the ring edge, can be made flexible or deformation-soft in such a way that its shape can change slightly when the projectile is fired as a result of the gas pressure at the rear.
- a uniform acceleration of the run is achieved without interference from friction, in particular on stiff edges, for example when entering the barrel or when leaving the barrel.
- the production of a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile in the annular recess stabilizes the projectile in flight. This is particularly related to the fact that tail vortices can form around the pin, which can protrude through the undercut into the annular recess and thus into the interior of the projectile in order to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory.
- the projectile produced according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it has both improved precision and improved running performance, such as increased acceleration and / or reduced friction within the barrel.
- ammunition in particular rimfire ammunition
- the ammunition includes a Ammunition case and a projectile preferably pressed into the ammunition case.
- the projectile can be implemented in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments and / or can be produced by the previously described method according to the invention for producing a projectile.
- the bow section protrudes from the ammunition case in the longitudinal direction of the projectile. Furthermore, a guide band connecting the nose section to the projectile rear and / or the projectile rear can be pressed with an inner jacket of the ammunition case. It can be provided that the guide band is divided into guide band sections which are arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction and preferably have different axial dimensions and / or the same radial dimension.
- a projectile according to the invention is generally provided with the reference number 1.
- Such projectiles 1 are used for ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition.
- Rimfire ammunition is understood generically to mean that the ignition protrudes radially from a jacket of a sleeve in which the projectile 1 according to the invention is inserted, preferably pressed, and which at a longitudinal end of the sleeve, preferably on a rear, such as rear, end is provided.
- an ignition means is provided all around, which is activated by a correspondingly cylindrical firing pin of a firearm, in particular a handgun, in order to ignite the rimfire ammunition.
- the projectile 1 according to the invention is produced from a metal strip or metal wire blank, for example, by forming, in particular tensile compression forming, preferably deep drawing.
- the complete projectile 1 is advantageously made from one piece.
- the projectile 1 has a bow section 3 which, according to the exemplary embodiments, has an ogive shape with a jacket 7 tapering or forming an ogive shape towards a projectile tip 5.
- a guide band 9 can connect to the bow section 3, which generally takes on the internal balistic tasks of the projectile 1, in particular sealing a combustion chamber between the projectile 1 and barrel, providing a rotation / twist around a projectile longitudinal axis P extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile, and for guidance of the projectile is used in the barrel of the firearm.
- the guide band 9 is divided into guide band sections 11 which are arranged at a distance from one another in the projectile longitudinal direction P and which can have the same radial dimension in relation to the projectile longitudinal axis P and / or different axial dimensions.
- a projectile tail 13 with an essentially cylindrical outer jacket 15 and a flat end face 17 that forms a projectile base adjoins the guide band 9.
- the projectile 1 is essentially cylindrical in shape when viewed from the outside, with step-like shoulders in the area of the guide belt 9 between the guide belt sections 11 and annular grooves 19 in between ( Figure 2 ).
- the projectile tail 13 has an annular recess 21 which is open towards the end face 17. Furthermore, the projectile tail 13 comprises an annular rim 23 which encompasses the annular recess in the circumferential direction with respect to the projectile longitudinal axis P and which delimits radially on the outside and whose outside is formed by the jacket 15.
- the projectile 1 comprises at the rear a projection 25 extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
- at least the ring edge 23 and the projection 25, and possibly also the bow section 3 are made from one piece, for example from a metal wire or metal strip blank, preferably by means of a forming process, in particular a tensile compression forming process, in particular by deep drawing.
- FIG. 1 - 3 is a first exemplary embodiment of the projectile 1 according to the invention and with reference to FIG Figures 4 - 6 another exemplary embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is described.
- the following descriptions essentially refer to the Figures 1 - 3 and 4-6 resulting differences are received, which are primarily in the dimensioning and shape of the projection 25.
- the projection 25 is conical and has a continuously extending from a depression base 27 ( Figure 3 ) in the direction of the projectile tail 13 tapering cross-section which opens into a cone tip 29.
- the projection 25 is arranged concentrically to the projectile longitudinal axis P oriented in the projectile longitudinal direction.
- the projection 25 is dimensioned such that an axial length A is in the range from 20% to 140%, preferably about 50%, of a caliber diameter.
- the projection 25 protrudes axially beyond the end face 17 in the longitudinal direction of the projectile (reference symbol a), in particular by at least 5% and / or at most 50% of a caliber diameter, in particular by about 20%.
- An opening angle ⁇ which in Figure 3 is indicated, a jacket 31 of the projection 25 starting from the cone tip 29 is in the range of at least 20% and preferably at most 90%, preferably about 60%.
- the ring edge 23 has an essentially constant wall thickness, which is, for example, in the range from 5% to 30%, preferably in the range from 8% to preferably 20%, of the caliber diameter. Furthermore, an axial dimension l of the ring edge 23 can be in the range of 5% -30% of a total length L of the projectile 1.
- the ring edge 23 is arranged concentrically to the projectile axis P and has a constant outer diameter. In particular, this results in a completely axially symmetrical design of the projectile 1 with respect to the projectile longitudinal axis P.
- the annular recess 21 runs around the projection 25 in the circumferential direction radially on the outside.
- the annular recess 21 has substantially one Triangular shape.
- the annular recess 21 can expand continuously starting from a transition contour 33 between the projection 25 and the annular edge 23, so that a cross-section of the annular recess 21 increases continuously, that is, continuously increases in the direction of the open end face 17.
- the transition contour 37 is a transition edge without any relevant radial dimensioning. This is realized in that the projection 25 merges directly into the ring edge 23, in particular all around.
- the transition contour 33 can be provided with a relevant radial dimension, which is, for example, in the range from more than 0.05 mm to preferably 1.5 mm. This can be achieved in that the projection 25 in the interior of the projectile merges into the recess base 27 in such a way that the recess base 27 is oriented in the radial direction and the recess base 27 opens into the annular rim 23. It is the ring dimension of the recess base that defines the dimensioning of the transition contour 33.
- a further exemplary embodiment of a projectile 1 according to the invention is described, which essentially differs from the embodiment according to FIG Figures 1 - 3 differs in that the projection 25 is curved in the direction of the end face 17.
- the projection 25 has a partially spherical shape, in particular a hemispherical shape.
- the hemispherical projection 25 protrudes axially in the longitudinal direction of the projectile beyond the end face 17 of the projectile rear 13 than the conical projection 25 of FIG Figures 1 - 3 .
- Due to the geometry of the hemispherical projection 25 also changes the geometry of the annular recess 21. While this, as shown in FIG Figure 3 is shown, has a substantially triangular shape with straight triangular flanks, although the annular recess 21 according to the embodiment of FIG Figures 4 - 6 as it is especially in Figure 6 can be seen, also essentially have an approximately triangular shape, but the hypotenuse is curved according to the curvature of the hemispherical projection shape. As a result, with the same axial length of the ring edge 23, the ring recess 21, in particular its volume, is smaller than it is in the Figures 1 - 3 the case is.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Projektil für Munition, insbesondere für Randfeuermunition, umfassend einen insbesondere ogivenförmigen Bugabschnitt und ein Projektilheck, das eine Ringvertiefung an einer Stirnseite, einen die Ringvertiefung in Umfangsrichtung umlaufend radial außen begrenzenden Ringrand und einen in der Ringvertiefung angeordneten, sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprung aufweist, wobei der Ringrand, der Vorsprung und gegebenenfalls der Bugabschnitt aus einem Stück hergestellt sind.The present invention relates to a projectile for ammunition, in particular for rimfire ammunition, comprising a particularly ogive-shaped bow section and a projectile tail, which has an annular recess on one end face, an annular rim circumferentially delimiting the annular recess in the circumferential direction, radially outwardly, and an annular rim arranged in the annular recess and extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile Has projection, wherein the ring edge, the projection and optionally the bow section are made in one piece.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Projektil für Munition, insbesondere für Randfeuermunition. Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Projektils für Munition, insbesondere für Randfeuermunition. Ferner stellt die vorliegende Erfindung Munition, insbesondere Randfeuermunition, bereit.The present invention relates to a projectile for ammunition, particularly rimfire ammunition. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a projectile for ammunition, in particular for rimfire ammunition. The present invention also provides ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition.
Der Gestaltung von Projektilen liegen in der Regel zwei Hauptzielsetzungen zugrunde, die in der Regel miteinander im Konflikt sind. Zum einen kann darauf abgezielt werden, die Beschleunigung des Projektils im Lauf einer Schusswaffe zu maximieren. Zum anderen kann der Schwerpunkt in der Optimierung der Aerodynamik des Projektils sein, um einerseits eine möglichst optimale Präzision und andererseits eine möglichst große Schussreichweite zu erzielen.The design of projectiles is usually based on two main objectives, which usually conflict with one another. On the one hand, the aim can be to maximize the acceleration of the projectile in the course of a firearm. On the other hand, the focus can be on optimizing the aerodynamics of the projectile, on the one hand to achieve the best possible precision and, on the other hand, the greatest possible firing range.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Nachteile aus dem bekannten Stand der Technik zu verbessern, insbesondere ein Projektil bereitzustellen, dessen Präzision verbessert ist, insbesondere ohne die Beschleunigung innerhalb des Schusswaffenlaufs zu beeinträchtigen.The object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the known prior art, in particular to provide a projectile whose precision is improved, in particular without impairing the acceleration within the firearm barrel.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1, 10 bzw. 11 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of
Gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Projektil für Munition, insbesondere für Randfeuermunition, bereitgestellt. Munition oder Patronen fasst/ fassen die zum Abfeuern des Projektils bzw. des Geschosses aus einer Feuerwaffe notwendigen Komponenten zusammen und bestehen in der Regel aus Hülse, Anzündhütchen, Treibladung und Projektil. Die Randfeuermunition ist eine spezielle Art von Munition. Der Zündsatz bei Randfeuerpatronen ist im Boden der Hülse im Bereich eines umlaufenden Ringwulstes angeordnet, bzw. in diesem eingegossen. Durch Aufschlagen eines entsprechend dimensionierten Schlagbolzens von hinten auf den Ringwulst des Hülsenbodens wird dieser gequetscht, um die Zündung des in dem Ringwulst angeordneten Zündsatzes und infolge des damit in Kontakt stehenden Treibladungspulvers zu bewirken. Das Projektil, oder auch Geschoss genannt, ist diejenige Komponente, die von der Feuerwaffe abgefeuert wird. Beispielsweise besitzen die Projektile der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Kaliber von weniger als 13 mm, insbesondere von höchstens 12,7 mm. Das Kaliber ist im Allgemeinen ein Maß für den Außendurchmesser von Projektilen und/oder den Innendurchmesser des Laufes einer Feuerwaffe.According to one aspect of the present invention, a projectile for ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition, is provided. Ammunition or cartridges combine the components necessary for firing the projectile or the projectile from a firearm and usually consist of a case, primer cap, propellant charge and projectile. Rimfire ammunition is a special type of ammunition. The primer for rimfire cartridges is arranged in the base of the case in the area of a circumferential annular bead, or is cast into it. By striking a correspondingly dimensioned firing pin from behind on the annular bead of the case base, the latter is squeezed in order to ignite the ignition charge arranged in the annular bead and, as a result of the propellant powder in contact with it. The projectile, also called projectile, is the component that is fired by the firearm. For example, the projectiles of the present invention have a caliber of less than 13 mm, in particular of at most 12.7 mm. The caliber is generally a measure of the outside diameter of projectiles and / or the inside diameter of the barrel of a firearm.
Das Projektil umfasst einen Bugabschnitt, der in Geschosslängsrichtung bzw. in Bezug auf die Flugrichtung vorderseitig angeordnet ist und ogivenförmig gebildet sein kann, insbesondere um eine strömungsoptimierte Form aufzuweisen. Ferner umfasst das Projektil ein Projektilheck, das in Bezug auf die Flugrichtung und in Geschosslängsrichtung betrachtet rückseitig angeordnet ist.The projectile comprises a bow section which is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the projectile or at the front in relation to the direction of flight and can be formed in the shape of an ogive, in particular to have a flow-optimized shape. Furthermore, the projectile comprises a projectile tail, which is arranged at the rear in relation to the direction of flight and in the longitudinal direction of the projectile.
Das Projektilheck weist an einer Stirnseite, die insbesondere entgegen der Flugrichtung orientiert ist, eine Ringvertiefung auf. Die Ringvertiefung erstreckt sich beispielsweise von der Stirnseite in Richtung des Bugabschnitts um eine bestimmte Axiallänge. Die Ringvertiefung ist radial außen von einem in Umfangsrichtung umlaufenden Ringrand begrenzt, der Teil des Projektilhecks ist. In der Ringvertiefung ist ein sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckender Vorsprung angeordnet. Der Vorsprung ist wenigstens abschnittsweise radial zu dem Ringrand beabstandet, sodass sich insbesondere die Ringvertiefung ergibt.The rear of the projectile has an annular recess on one end face, which is oriented in particular against the direction of flight. The annular recess extends, for example, from the end face in the direction of the bow section by a certain axial length. The annular recess is delimited radially on the outside by an annular rim running around in the circumferential direction, which is part of the projectile tail. A projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile is arranged in the annular recess. The projection is at least partially spaced apart radially from the ring edge, so that in particular the ring recess results.
Erfindungsgemäß sind der Ringrand und der Vorsprung und ggf. der Bugabschnitt aus einem Stück hergestellt. Insbesondere ist das Projektil vollständig aus einem Stück, vorzugsweise aus Metall, hergestellt. Dadurch lässt sich auf herstellungstechnisch einfache und kostengünstige Weise ein Projektil mit verbesserter Präzision erzeugen, welches ebenfalls eine gute Beschleunigung innerhalb des Schusswaffenlaufs besitzt. Der Heckbereich, insbesondere der Ringrand, ist derart flexibel bzw. deformationsweich gestaltet, dass dessen Form sich beim Abfeuern des Geschosses in Folge des heckseitigen Gasdrucks leicht verändern kann. Dadurch wird eine gleichmäßige Laufbeschleunigung ohne Störungen durch Reibungen, insbesondere an steifen Kanten, beispielsweise beim Eintauchen in den Lauf als auch beim Abgang aus dem Lauf, erreicht. Ferner realisiert der in der Ringvertiefung angeordnete Vorsprung zusammen mit dem die Ringvertiefung radial umlaufend umgebenden Ringrand einen Hinterschnitt bzw. eine Hinterschneidung, auf die die Pulver-Gasentwicklung eine Kraft ausüben kann, die gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Heck vergrößert ist, sodass außerdem eine Verbesserung der Laufbeschleunigung auftritt. Des Weiteren wurde erfindungsgemäß herausgefunden, dass durch die Anbringung eines sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprungs in der Ringvertiefung eine Stabilisierung des Projektils im Flug erreicht wird. Dies hängt insbesondere damit zusammen, dass sich um den Zapfen Heckwirbel ausbilden können, die durch den Hinterschnitt bis in die Ringvertiefung und damit in das Innere des Projektils hineinragen können, um das Geschoss während dessen Flugbahn zu stabilisieren. Ferner wird auf diese Weise der sogenannte "base drag", eine heckseitige Sogwirkung, reduziert. Das erfindungsgemäße Projektil zeichnet sich demnach dadurch aus, dass es sowohl eine verbesserte Präzision aufweist als auch eine verbesserte Lauf-Performance, wie eine erhöhte Beschleunigung und/oder verringerte Reibung innerhalb des Laufs, besitzt.According to the invention, the ring edge and the projection and optionally the bow section are made from one piece. In particular, the projectile is made entirely from one piece, preferably from metal. As a result, a projectile can be produced with improved precision in a manner that is simple and inexpensive in terms of production technology and which also has good acceleration within the gun barrel. The rear area, in particular the ring edge, is designed to be flexible or deformable in such a way that its shape can change slightly when the projectile is fired as a result of the gas pressure at the rear. As a result, a uniform acceleration of the run is achieved without interference from friction, in particular on stiff edges, for example when entering the barrel or when leaving the barrel. Furthermore, the projection arranged in the ring recess, together with the ring edge surrounding the ring recess radially circumferentially, creates an undercut or an undercut on which the powder gas development can exert a force that is greater than that of a conventional tail, so that an improvement in running acceleration also occurs . Furthermore, it was found according to the invention that by attaching a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile in the annular recess, stabilization of the projectile in flight is achieved. This is particularly related to the fact that tail vortices can form around the pin, which can protrude through the undercut into the annular recess and thus into the interior of the projectile in order to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory. Furthermore, the so-called "base drag", a suction effect at the rear, is reduced in this way. The projectile according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it has both improved precision and improved running performance, such as increased acceleration and / or reduced friction within the barrel.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung besitzt der Ringrand eine im Wesentlichen konstante Wandstärke entlang dessen Längserstreckung in Projektillängsrichtung von 5% bis vorzugsweise 30% eines Kaliberdurchmessers. Das Kaliber ist im Allgemeinen ein Maß für den Außendurchmesser von Projektilen bzw. den Innendurchmesser des Laufs der Feuerwaffe. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Wandstärke etwa 8% bis vorzugsweise 20% des Kaliberdurchmessers. Gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils liegt eine Axialabmessung des Ringrands im Bereich von 5% bis vorzugsweise 30% einer Gesamtlänge des Projektils. Des Weiteren kann der Ringrand konzentrisch zur in Projektillängsrichtung orientierten Projektillängsachse angeordnet sein. Ferner kann der Ringrand einen konstanten Außendurchmesser besitzen und/oder eine Außenmantelfläche des Ringrands einen konstanten Abstand zur Projektillängsachse besitzen. Insbesondere wird durch die spezifische Dimensionierung des Ringrands gewährleistet, dass der Ringrand in den durch die Hinterschneidung bzw. den Hinterschnitt in der Ringvertiefung sich ergebenden Freiraum nachgeben kann, was sich beispielsweise beim Eintauchen des Projektils in den Lauf, beim Einpressen in das Zug-Feld-Profil des Laufs und beim Abgang aus dem Lauf bemerkbar macht. Dadurch wird ein Ausrichten, insbesondere Zentrieren, im Lauf gefördert und mögliche Störungen bzw. Richtungsänderungen, beispielsweise durch Verkanten, werden reduziert. Des Weiteren wurde herausgefunden, dass sich entlang des Vorsprungs bis in die Ringvertiefung, insbesondere zu einem Grund der Ringvertiefung, während des Fluges des Projektils stabile Heckwirbel hinter dem Projektil ausbilden, die zu einer Verlängerung der Strömungsführung näher an der Projektillängsachse führen. Somit reduziert sich im Projektilheck die sogenannte Heckdruckdifferenz und damit der sogenannte "base-drag". Ferner wirkt sich die erfindungsgemäße Projektilheckform insofern vorteilhaft auf die Präzision aus, als der Vorsprung in Kombination mit der Ringvertiefung und dem die Ringvertiefung umlaufenden Ringrand eine Stabilisierung der Heckwirbel bewirkt, sodass das Projektil weniger störungsanfällig gegenüber äußeren Krafteinflüssen, wie zum Beispiel Windeinflüssen, ist.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the ring edge has an essentially constant wall thickness along its longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction of the projectile of 5% to preferably 30% of a caliber diameter. The caliber is generally a measure of the outer diameter of projectiles or the inner diameter of the barrel of the firearm. The wall thickness is preferably approximately 8% to preferably 20% of the caliber diameter. According to an exemplary embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, an axial dimension of the ring edge is in the range from 5% to preferably 30% of a total length of the projectile. Furthermore, the ring edge can be arranged concentrically to the projectile longitudinal axis oriented in the projectile longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the ring edge can have a constant outer diameter and / or an outer jacket surface of the ring edge can have a constant distance from the longitudinal axis of the projectile. In particular, the specific dimensioning of the ring edge ensures that the ring edge can yield into the free space resulting from the undercut or the undercut in the ring recess, which occurs, for example, when the projectile is immersed in the barrel, when it is pressed into the train field. Profile of the barrel and when leaving the barrel. As a result, alignment, in particular centering, is promoted while running and possible disturbances or changes in direction, for example due to tilting, are reduced. It was also found that along the projection into the ring recess, in particular at a base of the ring recess, stable tail vortices form behind the projectile during the flight of the projectile, which lead to an extension of the flow guidance closer to the projectile longitudinal axis. The so-called rear pressure difference and thus the so-called "base drag" are thus reduced in the projectile tail. Furthermore, the projectile tail shape according to the invention has an advantageous effect on the precision, as the projection in combination with the ring recess and the ring edge surrounding the ring recess stabilizes the tail vortex, so that the projectile is less susceptible to external forces, such as the effects of wind.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils besitzt der Vorsprung einen wenigstens abschnittsweise kontinuierlichen Querschnitt, insbesondere in Projektillängsrichtung, und/oder einen entgegen der Geschossrichtung sich verjüngenden Querschnitt. Beispielsweise ist der Vorsprung kegelförmig, kegelstumpfförmig oder gekrümmt, vorzugsweise teilkugelförmig, insbesondere halbkugelförmig gestaltet. Beispielsweise ist der Vorsprung konzentrisch zu der in Projektillängsrichtung orientierten Projektillängsachse angeordnet. Dies verstärkt den erfindungsgemäßen Effekt der Stabilisierung des Projektils während des Flugs. Insofern kann sich eine in Bezug auf die Projektillängsachse rotationssymmetrische Form des Projektilhecks, insbesondere des Ringrands, der Ringvertiefung und des Vorsprungs einstellen. Es wurde herausgefunden, dass die in Richtung des Projektilhecks spitz zulaufende bzw. gekrümmte, vorzugsweise runde, Querschnittform des Vorsprungs sich vorteilhaft auf die Ausbildung der heckseitigen Wirbel während des Fluges des Projektils auswirkt, nämlich insbesondere eine zunehmend elliptische Form der Heckwirbel (simulationsgemäß) generiert wird und/oder sich die Wirbel bis in das Projektilinnere, nämlich in die Ringvertiefung hinein ragen.According to an exemplary development of the projectile according to the invention, the projection has an at least partially continuous cross section, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the projectile and / or a cross section that tapers against the direction of the projectile. For example, the projection is conical, frustoconical or curved, preferably partially spherical, in particular hemispherical. For example, the projection is arranged concentrically to the projectile longitudinal axis oriented in the projectile longitudinal direction. This enhances the inventive effect of stabilizing the projectile during flight. In this respect, a shape of the projectile tail that is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile, in particular of the ring edge, the ring recess and the projection, can be established. It was found that the preferably round, cross-sectional shape of the projection tapering to a point in the direction of the projectile tail has an advantageous effect on the formation of the tail vortices during the flight of the projectile, namely in particular an increasingly elliptical shape of the tail vortices (according to the simulation) is generated and / or the eddies extend into the interior of the projectile, namely into the annular recess.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften weiteren Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung umläuft die Ringvertiefung den Vorsprung in Umfangsrichtung radial außen, insbesondere vollständig. Des Weiteren kann der Vorsprung insbesondere umlaufend direkt in den Ringrand übergehen. Im Querschnitt kann sich dadurch eine im Wesentlichen dreieckförmige Ringvertiefung ergeben.According to an exemplary further embodiment of the present invention, the annular recess runs around the projection in the circumferential direction radially on the outside, in particular completely. Furthermore, the projection can merge directly into the ring edge in particular all around. This can result in a substantially triangular ring depression in cross section.
In einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils weitet sich die Ringvertiefung ausgehend von einer Übergangskontur, wie einer Übergangskante oder einem sich quer, vorzugsweise senkrecht, zur Projektillängsrichtung erstreckenden Übergangssteg, zwischen Vorsprung und Ringrand wenigstens abschnittsweise kontinuierlich auf. Des Weiteren kann sich ein Querschnitt der Ringvertiefung ausgehend von der Übergangskontur zwischen Vorsprung und Ringrand wenigstens abschnittsweise kontinuierlich vergrößern. Beispielsweise schließt der Vorsprung unmittelbar an den Ringrand an, sodass sich als Übergangskontur eine spitze Übergangskante ergibt. Des Weiteren kann zwischen Ringrand und Vorsprung eine sich quer zur Projektillängsrichtung und vorzugsweise in Umfangsrichtung um den Vorsprung umlaufende Übergangskontur in Form eines Übergangsstegs ausbilden, wodurch sich ein durch die Ringvertiefung definiertes Volumen vergrößert.In a further exemplary embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, the ring recess widens continuously at least in sections between the projection and the ring edge, starting from a transition contour, such as a transition edge or a transition web extending transversely, preferably perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction of the projectile. Furthermore, a cross section of the annular recess can increase continuously, at least in sections, starting from the transition contour between the projection and the annular edge. For example, the projection directly adjoins the edge of the ring, so that the transition contour is a pointed transition edge. Furthermore, between the ring edge and the projection, a transition contour extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the projectile and preferably in the circumferential direction around the projection can be formed in the form of a transition web, whereby a volume defined by the ring recess is increased.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils besitzt der Vorsprung eine axiale Länge in Projektillängsrichtung im Bereich von 20% - 140% eines Kaliberdurchmessers. Dabei kann die minimale Vorsprungslänge einen idealen Raum bzw. Platz für die Ausbildung und Ausprägung der Heckwirbel schaffen. Die maximale Vorsprungslänge kann beispielsweise die ideale Entwicklung der Strömungslinien während des Fluges des Projektils bedingen, sodass sich möglichst lange, d.h. möglichst weit weg vom Projektilheck in Richtung der Geschosslängsachse erstreckende Strömungslinien ergeben. Gemäß einer beispielhaften Weiterbildung kann der Vorsprung in Projektillängsrichtung axial über die Stirnseite des Projektilhecks hervorstehen. Beispielsweise steht der Vorsprung um wenigstens 5% eines Kaliberdurchmessers und/oder um höchstens 50% eines Kaliberdurchmessers über die Stirnseite des Projektilhecks hervor. Es wurde herausgefunden, dass bei geringen Vorsprungslängen sich der Schwerpunkt des Projektils leicht nach vorne in Richtung des Druckpunktes, d.h. desjenigen Punktes während des Fluges des Projektils, bei dem die Summe der angreifenden Kräfte gleich Null ist, verlagert. Ferner wurde herausgefunden, dass ab einer bestimmten Axiallänge des Vorsprungs, insbesondere ab einem bestimmten axialen Überstand in Bezug auf die Stirnseite des Projektilhecks, der Schwerpunkt sich zwar absolut leicht nach hinten, relativ zur Längenveränderung jedoch ebenfalls nach vorne in Richtung Projektilbug in Richtung des Druckpunktes verlagert. Erfindungsgemäß wird durch das Vorsehen des Vorsprungs innerhalb der Ringvertiefung insbesondere durch die erfindungsgemäße bevorzugte Dimensionierung erreicht, dass eine Stabilisierung des Projektils innerhalb des Flugs ermöglicht wird, wodurch sich dessen Präzision deutlich verbessern lässt.According to an exemplary development of the projectile according to the invention, the projection has an axial length in the longitudinal direction of the projectile in the range of 20% - 140% of a caliber diameter. The minimal projection length can create an ideal space or space for the formation and expression of the tail vertebrae. The maximum projection length can, for example, determine the ideal development of the flow lines during the flight of the projectile, so that the result is flow lines that extend as long as possible, ie as far away from the projectile stern in the direction of the projectile longitudinal axis. According to an exemplary development, the projection can protrude axially beyond the end face of the projectile rear in the longitudinal direction of the projectile. For example, the projection protrudes by at least 5% of a caliber diameter and / or by at most 50% of a caliber diameter over the end face of the projectile tail. It was found that with short projectile lengths the center of gravity of the projectile shifts slightly forward in the direction of the pressure point, ie that point during the flight of the projectile at which the sum of the attacking forces is equal to zero. It was also found that from a certain axial length of the projection, in particular from a certain axial protrusion in relation to the end face of the projectile tail, the center of gravity shifts absolutely slightly backwards, but relative to the change in length it also shifts forwards in the direction of the projectile nose in the direction of the pressure point . According to the invention, the provision of the projection within the annular recess, in particular due to the preferred dimensioning according to the invention, enables the projectile to be stabilized during flight, whereby its precision can be significantly improved.
In einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung weist der Vorsprung eine Kegelform oder eine Kegelstumpfform auf. Dabei kann die Kegelform bzw. Kegelstumpfform in Richtung des Projektilhecks, also entgegen der Flugrichtung des Projektils in Projektillängsrichtung, orientiert sein. Anders ausgedrückt zeigt eine Kegelspitze bzw. ein Kegelstumpfende entgegen der Projektilflugrichtung. Ferner kann ein Öffnungswinkel eines Mantels des Vorsprungs ausgehend von einer Kegelspitze bzw. einem Kegelstumpfende wenigstens 20° und vorzugsweise höchstens 90°, insbesondere 60° betragen. Es wurde herausgefunden, dass sich durch diese Dimensionierung des Vorsprungs ein Volumen der Ringvertiefung ergibt, sodass sich die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile besonders stark einstellen.In a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the projection has a cone shape or a truncated cone shape. The cone shape or truncated cone shape can be oriented in the direction of the projectile tail, that is, against the flight direction of the projectile in the longitudinal direction of the projectile. In other words, a cone tip or a truncated cone end points against the direction of flight of the projectile. Furthermore, an opening angle of a jacket of the projection starting from a cone tip or a truncated cone end can be at least 20 ° and preferably at most 90 °, in particular 60 °. It was found that this dimensioning of the projection results in a volume of the annular recess, so that the advantages according to the invention are particularly pronounced.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils geht der Vorsprung im Projektilinneren in einen ringförmigen Vertiefungsgrund über, der beispielsweise durch die Übergangskontur realisiert ist. Der Vertiefungsgrund kann in Radialrichtung orientiert sein und in den Ringrand münden. Beispielsweise kann der Vertiefungsgrund eine umlaufende Übergangskante oder ein umlaufender Übergangssteg mit Radialabmessung sein. Beispielsweise beträgt eine radiale Ringabmessung des Vertiefungsgrunds, insbesondere des Übergangsstegs, wenigstens 0,05mm und vorzugsweise höchstens 1,5mm. Es sei klar, dass im Falle einer Übergangskante als Übergangskontur bzw. Vertiefungsgrund keine signifikante Ringabmessung vorliegt, sondern der Rand unmittelbar in den Vorsprung übergeht.According to an exemplary development of the projectile according to the invention, the projection in the interior of the projectile merges into an annular recess base, which is implemented, for example, by the transition contour. The reason for specialization can be in Be oriented in the radial direction and open into the edge of the ring. For example, the recess bottom can be a circumferential transition edge or a circumferential transition web with radial dimensions. For example, a radial ring dimension of the recess base, in particular of the transition web, is at least 0.05 mm and preferably at most 1.5 mm. It should be clear that in the case of a transition edge as a transition contour or recess base, there is no significant ring dimension, but rather the edge merges directly into the projection.
In einer beispielhaften Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Projektils ist das Projektil durch Umformen, insbesondere Zugdruckumformen, vorzugsweise Tiefziehen, hergestellt. Als Rohling kann beispielsweise ein Metallband bzw. ein Metalldraht verwendet werden, der zunächst derart umgeformt wird, dass sich ein insbesondere ogivenförmiger Bugabschnitt und ein flaches Projektilheck ergeben, beispielsweise durch Pressen. Anschließend wird in das Projektilheck eine Ringvertiefung sowie ein sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckender Vorsprung eingebracht, vorzugsweise gepresst, beispielsweise mittels eines heckseitig aufgepressten Stempels.In an exemplary embodiment of the projectile according to the invention, the projectile is produced by deformation, in particular tensile compression deformation, preferably deep drawing. A metal band or a metal wire, for example, can be used as the blank, which is first reshaped in such a way that an in particular ogive-shaped bow section and a flat projectile tail result, for example by pressing. Subsequently, an annular recess and a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile are made in the projectile tail, preferably pressed, for example by means of a stamp pressed on the rear.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, der mit den vorhergehenden Aspekten und beispielhaften Ausführungen kombinierbar ist, ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Projektils für Munition, insbesondere Randfeuermunition, bereitgestellt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann derart ausgebildet sein, dass es das Projektil gemäß einem der zuvor beschriebenen Aspekte bzw. beispielhaften Ausführungen realisiert, insbesondere herstellt.According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, a method for producing a projectile for ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition, is provided. The method according to the invention can be designed in such a way that it realizes, in particular produces, the projectile according to one of the aspects or exemplary embodiments described above.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird ein Metallband- oder Metalldraht-Rohling bereitgestellt. Der Metallband- oder Metalldraht-Rohling kann beispielsweise vorkonfektioniert, d.h. in Bezug auf eine benötigte Axiallänge und/oder Wandstärkendimension vorangepasst, sein. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass die vollständige Formgebung mittels des nachgelagerten Herstellungsverfahrens, das beispielsweise eine Umformverfahren, Zugdruckumformverfahren, insbesondere Tiefziehen, sein kann, erreicht wird.In the method according to the invention, a metal strip or metal wire blank is provided. The metal strip or metal wire blank can, for example, be pre-assembled, i.e. be pre-matched with regard to a required axial length and / or wall thickness dimension. However, it is also conceivable that the complete shaping is achieved by means of the downstream manufacturing process, which can be, for example, a forming process, tensile compression forming process, in particular deep drawing.
In einem nachgelagerten Herstellungsschritt wird der Metallband- oder Metalldraht-Rohling zur Bildung eines insbesondere ogivenförmigen Bugabschnitts und eines, insbesondere stirnseitig flachen, Projektilhecks umgeformt, vorzugsweise gepresst. Das Projektilheck kann beispielsweise eine am Außenumfang betrachtet zylindrische Form besitzen und in eine flache, insbesondere sich senkrecht zur Projektillängsrichtung erstreckende, Stirnseite münden.In a subsequent manufacturing step, the metal strip or metal wire blank is reshaped, preferably pressed, in order to form an in particular ogive-shaped bow section and a projectile tail, in particular a projectile tail which is flat at the end. The projectile tail can, for example, have a cylindrical shape when viewed on the outer circumference have and open into a flat, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the projectile, end face.
In einem weiteren nachgelagerten Schritt wird in das Projektilheck eine Ringvertiefung und ein sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckender Vorsprung eingebracht, vorzugsweise gepresst. Dabei werden der Vorsprung und die Ringvertiefung derart in das Projektilheck eingebracht, insbesondere gepresst, dass sich ein in Umfangsrichtung umlaufender, die Ringvertiefung radial außen begrenzender Ringrand ergibt und/oder die Ringvertiefung den Vorsprung radial umlaufend außen umläuft.In a further subsequent step, an annular recess and a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile are made, preferably pressed, in the projectile tail. The projection and the annular recess are introduced into the projectile tail, in particular pressed, in such a way that a circumferential ring edge that delimits the annular recess radially on the outside results and / or the annular recess surrounds the projection radially on the outside.
Dadurch lässt sich auf herstellungstechnisch einfache und kostengünstige Weise ein Projektil mit verbesserter Präzision erzeugen, welches ebenfalls eine gute Beschleunigung innerhalb des Schusswaffenlaufs besitzt. Der Heckbereich, insbesondere der Ringrand, kann derart flexibel bzw. deformationsweich gebildet werden, dass dessen Form sich beim Abfeuern des Geschosses in Folge des heckseitigen Gasdrucks leicht verändern kann. Dadurch wird eine gleichmäßige Laufbeschleunigung ohne Störungen durch Reibungen, insbesondere an steifen Kanten, beispielsweise beim Eintauchen in den Lauf als auch beim Abgang aus dem Lauf, erreicht. Ferner realisiert der in die Ringvertiefung eingebrachte Vorsprung zusammen mit dem die Ringvertiefung radial umlaufend umgebenden Ringrand einen Hinterschnitt bzw. eine Hinterschneidung, auf die die Pulver-Gasentwicklung eine Kraft ausüben kann, die gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Heck vergrößert ist, sodass außerdem eine Verbesserung der Laufbeschleunigung auftritt. Des Weiteren wurde erfindungsgemäß herausgefunden, dass durch das Fertigen eines sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprungs in der Ringvertiefung eine Stabilisierung des Projektils im Flug erreicht wird. Dies hängt insbesondere damit zusammen, dass sich um den Zapfen Heckwirbel ausbilden können, die durch den Hinterschnitt bis in die Ringvertiefung und damit in das Innere des Projektils hineinragen können, um das Geschoss während dessen Flugbahn zu stabilisieren. Ferner wird auf diese Weise der sogenannte "base drag", eine heckseitige Sogwirkung, reduziert. Das erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Projektil zeichnet sich demnach dadurch aus, dass es sowohl eine verbesserte Präzision aufweist als auch eine verbesserte Lauf-Performance, wie eine erhöhte Beschleunigung und/oder verringerte Reibung innerhalb des Laufs, besitzt.As a result, a projectile can be produced with improved precision in a manner that is simple and inexpensive in terms of production technology and which also has good acceleration within the gun barrel. The rear area, in particular the ring edge, can be made flexible or deformation-soft in such a way that its shape can change slightly when the projectile is fired as a result of the gas pressure at the rear. As a result, a uniform acceleration of the run is achieved without interference from friction, in particular on stiff edges, for example when entering the barrel or when leaving the barrel. Furthermore, the projection introduced into the ring recess, together with the ring edge surrounding the ring recess radially circumferentially, creates an undercut or an undercut on which the powder gas development can exert a force that is greater than that of a conventional tail, so that there is also an improvement in running acceleration . Furthermore, it was found according to the invention that the production of a projection extending in the longitudinal direction of the projectile in the annular recess stabilizes the projectile in flight. This is particularly related to the fact that tail vortices can form around the pin, which can protrude through the undercut into the annular recess and thus into the interior of the projectile in order to stabilize the projectile during its trajectory. Furthermore, the so-called "base drag", a suction effect at the rear, is reduced in this way. The projectile produced according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it has both improved precision and improved running performance, such as increased acceleration and / or reduced friction within the barrel.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, der mit den vorhergehenden Aspekten und beispielhaften Ausführungen kombinierbar ist, ist eine Munition, insbesondere Randfeuermunition, bereitgestellt. Die Munition umfasst eine Munitionshülse und ein vorzugsweise in die Munitionshülse eingepresstes Projektil. Dabei kann das Projektil gemäß einem der zuvor beschriebenen Aspekte bzw. beispielhaften Ausführungen realisiert und/oder durch das zuvor beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Projektils hergestellt sein.According to a further aspect of the present invention, which can be combined with the preceding aspects and exemplary embodiments, ammunition, in particular rimfire ammunition, is provided. The ammunition includes a Ammunition case and a projectile preferably pressed into the ammunition case. The projectile can be implemented in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments and / or can be produced by the previously described method according to the invention for producing a projectile.
Gemäß einer beispielhaften Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung steht der Bugabschnitt aus der Munitionshülse in Projektillängsrichtung hervor. Des Weiteren kann ein den Bugabschnitt mit dem Projektilheck verbindendes Führungsband und/oder das Projektilheck mit einem Innenmantel der Munitionshülse verpresst sein. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Führungsband in in Axialrichtung in einem Abstand zueinander angeordnete Führungsbandabschnitte, vorzugsweise unterschiedlicher Axialabmessung und/oder gleicher Radialabmessung, aufgeteilt ist.According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the bow section protrudes from the ammunition case in the longitudinal direction of the projectile. Furthermore, a guide band connecting the nose section to the projectile rear and / or the projectile rear can be pressed with an inner jacket of the ammunition case. It can be provided that the guide band is divided into guide band sections which are arranged at a distance from one another in the axial direction and preferably have different axial dimensions and / or the same radial dimension.
Bevorzugte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen gegeben.Preferred embodiments are given in the subclaims.
Im Folgenden werden weitere Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung mittels Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungen der Erfindung anhand der beiliegenden beispielhaften Zeichnungen deutlich, in denen zeigen:
Figur 1- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten beispielhaften Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Projektils;
- Figur 2
- eine Seitenansicht des Projektils gemäß
Figur 1 ; Figur 3- eine Schnittansicht des Projektils gemäß der
;Figuren 1 und 2 - Figur 4
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer weiteren beispielhaften Ausführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Projektils;
Figur 5- eine Seitenansicht des Projektils nach
Figur 4 ; und - Figur 6
- eine Schnittansicht des Projektils der
Figuren 4 und 5 .
- Figure 1
- a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention;
- Figure 2
- a side view of the projectile according to
Figure 1 ; - Figure 3
- a sectional view of the projectile according to FIG
Figures 1 and 2 ; - Figure 4
- a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a projectile according to the invention;
- Figure 5
- a side view of the projectile according to
Figure 4 ; and - Figure 6
- a sectional view of the projectile of FIG
Figures 4 and5 .
In der folgenden Beschreibung beispielhafter Ausführungen erfindungsgemäßer Projektile ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Projektil im Allgemeinen mit der Bezugsziffer 1 versehen. Derartige Projektile 1 werden für Munition, insbesondere Randfeuermunition, eingesetzt. Als Randfeuermunition wird gattungsprägend verstanden, dass die Zündung über einen radial von einem Mantel einer Hülse, in dem das erfindungsgemäße Projektil 1, eingesetzt, vorzugsweise eingepresst, ist, hervorsteht und welcher an einem längsseitigen Ende der Hülse, vorzugsweise an einem rückseitigen, wie heckseitigen, Ende, vorgesehen ist. In dem radial vorstehenden Randabschnitt ist umlaufend ein Zündmittel vorgesehen, welches von einem entsprechend zylindrisch ausgebildeten Schlagbolzen einer Feuerwaffe, insbesondere einer Handfeuerwaffe, aktiviert wird, um die Randfeuermunition zu zünden.In the following description of exemplary embodiments of projectiles according to the invention, a projectile according to the invention is generally provided with the
Das erfindungsgemäße Projektil 1 ist beispielsweise durch Umformen, insbesondere Zugdruckumformen, vorzugsweise Tiefziehen, aus einem Metallband- oder Metalldraht-Rohling hergestellt. Vorteilhafterweise ist das vollständige Projektil 1 aus einem Stück hergestellt.The projectile 1 according to the invention is produced from a metal strip or metal wire blank, for example, by forming, in particular tensile compression forming, preferably deep drawing. The
Das erfindungsgemäße Projektil 1 weist einen Bugabschnitt 3 auf, der gemäß der beispielhaften Ausführungen eine Ogivenform mit sich zu einer Projektilspitze 5 ogivenförmig zulaufendem bzw. ausbildendem Mantel 7 besitzt. An den Bugabschnitt 3 kann ein Führungsband 9 anschließen, das im Allgemeinen innenbalistische Aufgaben des Projektils 1 übernimmt, insbesondere eine Abdichtung eines Verbrennungsraums zwischen Projektil 1 und Lauf, eine Bereitstellung einer Rotation / eines Dralls um eine sich in Projektillängsrichtung erstreckende Projektillängsachse P unterstützt sowie zur Führung des Projektils im Lauf der Schusswaffe dient. Beispielsweise ist das Führungsband 9 in in Projektillängsrichtung P in einem Abstand zueinander angeordnete Führungsbandabschnitte 11 aufgeteilt, die beispielsweise eine gleiche Radialabmessung in Bezug auf die Projektillängsachse P und/oder unterschiedliche Axialmaße besitzen können. An das Führungsband 9 schließt ein Projektilheck 13 mit einem im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Außenmantel 15 und einer einen Projektilboden bildenden flachen Stirnseite 17 an. Das Projektil 1 ist bis auf den ogivenförmigen Bugabschnitt 3 von außen her betrachtet im Wesentlichen zylindrisch geformt, wobei im Bereich des Führungsbands 9 stufenartige Absätze zwischen den Führungsbandabschnitten 11 und dazwischenliegenden Ringnuten 19 bestehen (
Weiterhin bezugnehmend auf
In Bezug auf die
In den
Wie insbesondere in
Erneut bezugnehmend auf
In Bezug auf die
Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, den Figuren und den Ansprüchen offenbarten Merkmale können sowohl einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination für die Realisierung der Erfindung in den verschiedenen Ausgestaltungen von Bedeutung sein.The features disclosed in the above description, the figures and the claims can be important both individually and in any combination for realizing the invention in the various configurations.
- 11
- Projektilprojectile
- 33
- BugabschnittBow section
- 55
- ProjektilspitzeProjectile point
- 77th
- Ogivenförmiger MantelOgive-shaped coat
- 99
- FührungsbandLeader tape
- 1111
- FührungsbandabschnittLeader tape section
- 1313
- ProjektilheckProjectile tail
- 1515th
- Mantelcoat
- 1717th
- StirnseiteFace
- 1919th
- RingnutRing groove
- 2121st
- RingvertiefungRing recess
- 2323
- RingrandRing edge
- 2525th
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 2727
- VertiefungsgrundReason for specialization
- 2929
- Spitzetop
- 3131
- VorsprungsmantelProtrusion coat
- 3333
- ÜbergangskonturTransition contour
- LL.
- ProjektillängeProjectile length
- ll
- Axiallänge des RingrandsAxial length of the ring edge
- AA.
- Axiallänge des VorsprungsAxial length of the projection
- aa
- Überstand des VorsprungsOverhang of the projection
- αα
- ÖffnungswinkelOpening angle
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019116283.1A DE102019116283A1 (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Projectile, method of making a projectile and ammunition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3751228A1 true EP3751228A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
Family
ID=71094223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20179803.0A Pending EP3751228A1 (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2020-06-12 | Projectile, method of manufacturing a projectile and ammunition |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11156441B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3751228A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019116283A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA3074695C (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2022-08-23 | SUPERIOR SHOOTING SYSTEMS, INC. (TX Corp.) | Enhanced projectile, cartridge and method for creating precision rifle ammunition with more uniform external ballistic performance and enhanced terminal ballistic performance |
DE102019116283A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Projectile, method of making a projectile and ammunition |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE40875C (en) * | 1887-03-05 | 1887-10-06 | K. HAUSSNER in Augsburg, Pferrseestrafse 2 | Design of the rear part of projectiles |
FR496520A (en) * | 1916-09-01 | 1919-11-08 | Charles Leopold Mayer | Stabilizing bullet tail shells and bullets |
DE298055C (en) * | 1915-03-30 | 1919-12-30 | Projectile with a tapered rear end | |
US4327643A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1982-05-04 | Fernando Lasheras Barrios | Anti-aircraft projectile with base, high-explosive body, and ogive |
EP0106411A2 (en) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-25 | Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft vertreten durch die Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe für Rüstungsdienste | Small arms ammunition, and manufacturing process therefor |
KR20110067880A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | 윤성균 | Bullet |
DE102017126442A1 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-16 | Johann Fimbinger | Bullet for firearms |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4958570A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1990-09-25 | Harris David A | Bullet assembly and method of making the same |
DE4038777C2 (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1999-08-26 | Mauser Werke Oberndorf | Sabot projectile |
SE515284C2 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2001-07-09 | Bofors Defence Ab | Ways to increase the firing range for artillery grenades as well as grenades designed accordingly |
AUPS182802A0 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2002-05-30 | Metal Storm Limited | Projectile sealing arrangement |
KR100843573B1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2008-07-03 | (주)한국원자력 엔지니어링 | Ammunition |
US9739296B2 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2017-08-22 | Parafluidics Llc | Channeling fluidic waveguide surfaces and tubes |
KR101021055B1 (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-03-14 | 김준규 | Bullet with flow guiding grooves |
US10139207B2 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-11-27 | Richard D Adams | Projectile having increased velocity and aerodynamic performance |
WO2018080199A2 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-03 | Jung, In | Projectile |
KR20190136686A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-10 | 정인 | Projectile |
DE102019116283A1 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-17 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Projectile, method of making a projectile and ammunition |
-
2019
- 2019-06-14 DE DE102019116283.1A patent/DE102019116283A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-06-12 EP EP20179803.0A patent/EP3751228A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-12 US US16/900,503 patent/US11156441B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE40875C (en) * | 1887-03-05 | 1887-10-06 | K. HAUSSNER in Augsburg, Pferrseestrafse 2 | Design of the rear part of projectiles |
DE298055C (en) * | 1915-03-30 | 1919-12-30 | Projectile with a tapered rear end | |
FR496520A (en) * | 1916-09-01 | 1919-11-08 | Charles Leopold Mayer | Stabilizing bullet tail shells and bullets |
US4327643A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1982-05-04 | Fernando Lasheras Barrios | Anti-aircraft projectile with base, high-explosive body, and ogive |
EP0106411A2 (en) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-04-25 | Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft vertreten durch die Eidg. Munitionsfabrik Thun der Gruppe für Rüstungsdienste | Small arms ammunition, and manufacturing process therefor |
KR20110067880A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | 윤성균 | Bullet |
DE102017126442A1 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-16 | Johann Fimbinger | Bullet for firearms |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20200393224A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
DE102019116283A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
US11156441B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3751228A1 (en) | Projectile, method of manufacturing a projectile and ammunition | |
EP3060875B1 (en) | Cartridge | |
DE69915427T2 (en) | Ammo cartridge with its propellant charge configuration | |
DE2537116A1 (en) | BULLET OR GUIDE RING FOR A SUB-CALIBER BULLET | |
EP1766322B1 (en) | Hard core jacketed bullet comprising an illuminant composition, and method for the production thereof | |
EP0787969B1 (en) | Manufacturing method for a bullet comprising a core and a jacket | |
WO2021136814A1 (en) | Solid bullet, intermediate product for manufacturing a solid bullet, and method for producing a solid bullet | |
US20180038673A1 (en) | Ammunition projectile having improved aerodynamic profile and method for manufacturing same | |
EP3494357B1 (en) | Solid metal bullet, tool system and method for producing solid metal bullets | |
WO2015022377A1 (en) | Method for reducing the characteristic impedance of a supersonic projectile fired from a tubular weapon, and such a projectile | |
EP3507565B1 (en) | Projectile with penetrator | |
DE102021104757A1 (en) | Metallic practice cartridge bullet | |
DE2422085A1 (en) | Practice floor for firearms | |
EP3707461B1 (en) | Projectile for firearms | |
CH661978A5 (en) | SHELL FOR EXERCISE AMMUNITION. | |
DE102019116125A1 (en) | Projectile, in particular deformation and / or partially fragmentation projectile, and method for producing a projectile | |
DE202014103662U1 (en) | Lead-free partial decomposition projectile for hunting purposes | |
DE3529405C1 (en) | Inlay for explosive warhead | |
EP0106411B1 (en) | Small arms ammunition, and manufacturing process therefor | |
EP2834588A1 (en) | Fin-stabilized full-caliber training projectile, and method for producing same | |
EP0123266B1 (en) | Projectile with sabot | |
DE102015110627A1 (en) | From a drawn gun barrel moldable, wing stabilized subcaliber bullet and method for its production | |
EP2834589B1 (en) | Fin-stabilized full-caliber training projectile, and method for producing same | |
DE102022104617A1 (en) | Intermediate, tool and method for producing a deformation bullet with defined terminal ballistics | |
CH687788A5 (en) | Deformation bullet, ammunition equipped therewith, and to processes for the preparation of the projectile. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210615 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230526 |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: RWS GMBH |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20231030 |