EP3749906A1 - Calcinator einer zementherstellungsanlage und verfahren zum betreiben eines calcinators - Google Patents
Calcinator einer zementherstellungsanlage und verfahren zum betreiben eines calcinatorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3749906A1 EP3749906A1 EP19703661.9A EP19703661A EP3749906A1 EP 3749906 A1 EP3749906 A1 EP 3749906A1 EP 19703661 A EP19703661 A EP 19703661A EP 3749906 A1 EP3749906 A1 EP 3749906A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- calciner
- fuel
- combustion chamber
- raw meal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004616 Pyrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940091263 other mineral product in atc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
- F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones
- F27B7/2033—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones with means for precalcining the raw material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0018—Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a calciner of a cement production plant and a calciner of a cement production plant.
- the combustion air required for the Calcinatorfeuerung example can be performed by the rotary kiln and / or in a separate gas line, the so-called tertiary air line from the clinker cooler to the calciner.
- calciners often have problems with the combustion of the fuels. For example, poor burnout of the fuels provides increased levels of carbon monoxide (CO) in the calciner's exhaust. Furthermore, too low nitrogen oxide reduction is often achieved in the calciner exhaust gas, for example, the required amount of ammonia is very high. Furthermore, the calciner is often damaged by overheating of the inner wall.
- CO carbon monoxide
- a method of operating a calciner of a cement manufacturing plant according to a first aspect comprises the steps
- a cement manufacturing plant for producing cement clinker includes a multi-stage preheater for preheating cement raw meal, an oven, preferably a rotary kiln, for firing the cement raw meal into cement clinker and a cooler for cooling the cement clinker.
- the preheater has a plurality of cyclone stages, wherein the first cyclone stage is arranged in the preheater following the inlet of the cement raw meal and the last cyclone stage upstream of the inlet into the furnace in the flow direction of the raw meal.
- the calciner is preferably located in the gas direction between the inlet to the furnace and the last cyclone stage of the preheater, and preferably serves for precalcining the raw meal.
- the calciner includes at least one combustion chamber in which fuel is combusted along with oxygen-containing combustion air and heats the raw meal flowing through the calciner.
- the calciner has at least one combustion chamber formed as a riser, which flows through the material flow of preheated raw meal, fuel and combustion air from bottom to top.
- a temperature distribution is to be understood as the in particular two-dimensional distribution of the temperature in a plane.
- the temperature distribution is calculated from individual temperature measured values determined in the measuring plane.
- the temperature is measured in particular at a plurality of points or lines in the plane and from this a distribution of the temperature over the entire measuring plane or at least part of the measuring plane is calculated.
- a temperature distribution comprises a plurality of Temperature values, for example measured or calculated, which are to be assigned to a location or an area in the respective measuring level.
- the measuring points are preferably evenly spaced from one another and distributed over the entire respective measuring plane.
- a measuring plane has at least 2, preferably 30, in particular 90 measuring points.
- a temperature measuring device is arranged at each measuring point.
- a temperature measuring device comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the determined temperature is preferably an average temperature between the transmitter and the receiver. It is also conceivable that each temperature value corresponds to a measured value or represents a calculated mean value of several measurements.
- a plurality of temperature measuring devices are arranged in each measuring plane, each temperature measuring device having a transmitter and a receiver.
- the temperature measuring devices in particular the transmitters and receivers, communicate with one another in each measuring plane, so that an average temperature, in particular, is determined between each transmitter and receiver of a respective measuring plane.
- n * (n-1) measured values are determined in the measuring plane. This results, for example, in a two-dimensional distribution of the temperature.
- temperature measuring devices of different measuring levels communicate with one another, so that temperature values between two temperature measuring devices of different measuring levels are determined. This results in a three-dimensional distribution of the temperature.
- the temperature distribution is determined in at least two or more separate measuring planes within the calciner, preferably the combustion chamber of the calciner.
- the temperature is determined in two to eight, in particular four to six measurement levels.
- the measurement planes extend within the calciner, preferably the combustion chamber of the calciner.
- the determination of the temperature distribution in each measuring level takes place over at least part of the extent of the measuring plane or over the entire measuring plane and is determined by means of at least one temperature measuring device in each measuring level.
- the temperature measuring devices are preferably arranged in each case in a measuring plane.
- the combustion chamber has a plurality of fuel inlets, Combustion air inlets and / or inlets for the admission of preheated raw meal.
- the amount of fuel, combustion air and / or preheated raw meal is preferably adjustable via means for metering the amount, such as flaps or mechanical conveyors.
- the amount of fuel, combustion air and / or the amount of raw meal preheated in the preheater is preferably increased or decreased.
- Controlling an amount of fuel, preheated raw meal and / or combustion air into the calciner as a function of the determined temperature distribution allows for optimal metering of the components of the material flow of the calciner so that optimum combustion within the combustor of the calciner is achieved.
- the monitoring of the temperature distribution and a corresponding control / regulation of the amount of fuel, combustion air and / or raw meal prevents local overheating and thus damage to the inner wall of the combustion chamber.
- the control of the amount of fuel, combustion air and / or raw meal is such that the formation of carbon monoxide prevents and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is favored by, for example, the addition of ammonia.
- the determination of the temperature distribution takes place simultaneously in at least two measurement planes.
- At least one or two measurement planes extend over a cross-section of the combustion chamber of the calciner, for example, preferably orthogonal to the flow direction of the material flow.
- a determination of the temperature distribution in at least two measurement planes simultaneously enables a monitoring of the temperature in a plurality of regions within the combustion chamber.
- the measurement planes are arranged in areas where a deviation in temperature from an optimal value frequently occurs, or preferably in the vicinity of an inlet for introducing fuel, combustion air and / or preheated raw meal into the combustion chamber.
- the at least two measurement planes extend according to a further embodiment transversely to the flow direction of the raw meal and / or the fuel in the calciner.
- the measurement planes each form a cross section of the combustion chamber.
- the measurement levels can also be arranged parallel to each other.
- the determination of at least one of the temperature distributions takes place acoustically.
- a temperature measuring device for determining the temperature comprises a sound horn, preferably as transmitter and / or receiver.
- the determination of the temperature distribution takes place for example by means of sound pyrometry.
- a compressed air-generated sound signal is emitted by a transmitter, which preferably has a frequency range between 200 and 3000 Hz.
- the transit time of the signal to a receiver is determined and used to determine the temperature of the path between transmitter and receiver, since the speed of sound is dependent on the temperature in a known manner. If a plurality of receivers and transmitters are provided, with the signal paths crossing over one another, for example, a graphical representation of a temperature distribution of a measurement plane can be determined.
- the determined temperature distributions are compared according to a further embodiment with a previously determined or determined average temperature value and determines a deviation from this value.
- the mean temperature value is, for example, a temperature value averaged over the entire measuring plane and calculated from the determined temperature distribution.
- the mean value may also be a predetermined average of, for example, 850-930 ° C.
- each temperature value of the temperature distribution is compared with the mean temperature value and a deviation is determined in each case.
- the amount of fuel, preheated raw meal and / or combustion air is increased or decreased, for example, if at least one temperature value of the temperature distribution deviates from the previously determined or determined average temperature value.
- At least one region in the measurement plane is determined, in which the deviations have a value of about +/- 25-150 ° C, preferably +/- 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular +/- 60-80 ° C. exceeds.
- An area may also include only one point associated with a temperature value having the deviation described above.
- an area comprises a plurality of points on the respective measuring plane, to which a temperature value with a deviation mentioned above is assigned in each case.
- the amount of fuel, preheated raw meal and / or combustion air is increased or decreased according to a further embodiment, when a temperature value in one of the measurement planes a pre-determined or determined average temperature by about +/- 25-150 ° C, preferably +/- 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular +/- 60-80 ° C exceeds.
- the amount of preheated raw meal is increased when a temperature value in one of the measurement planes exceeds the previously determined or determined mean value by about 25-150 ° C., preferably 50 ° -100 ° C., in particular 60-80 ° C.
- the amount of preheated raw meal is supplied in or near the area of the measurement plane in which the temperature values exceed the average temperature by the above-mentioned value.
- Raw meal serves as a temperature sink and allows a local reduction of the temperature, preferably in the range in which the temperature deviation exceeds the aforementioned value.
- the amount of fuel is increased according to a further embodiment, if at least one temperature value in the measurement plane below a previously determined or determined average temperature by about 25-150 ° C, preferably 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular 60-80 ° C.
- the amount of fuel in or near the region of the measurement plane is supplied, in which preferably all temperature values lower the average temperature value by the above-mentioned value.
- An increased amount of fuel causes a local temperature increase in the combustion chamber of the calciner.
- the amount of combustion air is increased at the same time.
- the amount of fuel supplied to the calciner is constant, so that only the feed quantity at one of the plurality of fuel inlets is varied as a function of the determined temperature distribution. Thereby, a relatively accurate control of the supply amounts is achieved, depending on the location in the calciner at which the temperature deviations occur, so that a local temperature control takes place within the calciner.
- the invention also includes a calciner of a cement making plant having a combustion chamber, wherein at least one inlet for introducing preheated raw meal into the combustion chamber, at least one fuel inlet for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber, and at least one air inlet for introducing combustion air into the combustion chamber are arranged on the combustion chamber are. At least two measurement planes, each with at least one temperature measuring device for determining the temperature distribution in the respective measurement plane, are arranged in the combustion chamber.
- a control / Control device is provided, which is designed such that it controls the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air in the combustion chamber in dependence of the determined temperature distribution / controls.
- the combustion chamber is preferably designed as a riser, wherein the material flow of fuel, raw meal and combustion air flows from bottom to top through the riser.
- the control / regulation device is in communication with each of the temperature measuring devices, so that they transmit the determined temperature distribution to the control / regulation device.
- a plurality of temperature measuring devices are arranged in a measuring plane, in particular 2 to 10, preferably 4 to 8 or 6.
- At least one of the inlets for introducing preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air has a means for regulating the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air flowing through the inlet into the combustion chamber.
- the control / regulation device is connected to at least one of the means so that the control / regulation device controls the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air into the combustion chamber, preferably the riser, in dependence on the temperature measuring device determined temperature, in particular temperature distribution controls / regulates.
- the measurement planes are arranged spaced from each other in the flow direction. Preferably, the measurement planes are arranged parallel to each other.
- Each of the measuring levels has, according to a further embodiment, a plurality of temperature measuring devices, wherein the temperature measuring devices are in particular evenly spaced from each other.
- the temperature measuring devices are preferably arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the calciner.
- the temperature measuring device is an acoustic sensor.
- the calciner has a plurality of combustion chambers, wherein at least one combustion chamber as Riser is formed and each of the combustion chambers is at least connected to the combustion chamber designed as a riser.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cement production plant with a calciner according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a calciner according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a calciner according to an exemplary embodiment.
- Fig. 1 shows a plant for producing, for example cement clinker with a multi-stage preheater 12 for preheating cement raw meal 28, a calciner 16 for precalcining the preheated cement raw meal 14, a furnace 22 for burning the precalcined cement raw meal 18 to cement clinker and a cooler 26 for cooling the cement clinker.
- the preheater 12 has four cyclone stages, with the first cyclone material being arranged in the furnace 22 upstream of the inlet after the inlet of the cement raw meal 28 and the last, fourth cyclone stage in the flow direction of the raw meal. Each cyclone stage has a cyclone which serves to separate the raw meal from the kiln exhaust stream and raw meal.
- the calciner 16 is arranged, in which the raw meal is preferably precalcined.
- the hot gases 20 produced in the furnace 22 first flow through the calciner 16 and then the preheater 12 in countercurrent to the cement raw meal.
- a radiator exhaust air 24 formed in the radiator 22 is used as combustion air in the calciner 16.
- the 2 shows a calciner 16, which has a combustion chamber 46 formed as a riser pipe with an exemplary rectangular cross-section, in which the combustion of fuel 30 together with combustion air 32 for heating the preheated raw meal 14 takes place.
- the oxygen-containing combustion air 32 is, for example, radiator exhaust air according to FIG. 1 or oxygen-enriched ambient air.
- the riser 46 has two inlets 48, 50 for Admitting preheated raw meal 14 in the riser 46. It is also conceivable to provide more than two inlets for the admission of preheated raw meal 14 to the riser 46.
- the inlets 48, 50 are arranged spaced from each other in the flow direction of the material flow indicated by the arrow. For example, two to four raw meal inlets are arranged on the calciner 16, which are spaced apart, for example, in the circumferential direction and / or in the material flow direction.
- two fuel inlets 52, 54 are attached by way of example to the riser 46, through which fuel 30 is introduced into the riser 46. It is also conceivable to arrange a plurality of fuel inlets in the circumferential direction and / or in the material flow direction at a distance from one another on the riser 46. At least one of the fuel inlets 52, 54 may be located downstream of one of the inlets 48 50.
- the riser 46 also has a plurality of air inlets 56, 58 through which combustion air 32 is introduced into the riser.
- air inlets 56, 58 are shown in FIG. 2, wherein the riser can also have more than two air inlets which are mounted on the riser 46 at a distance from one another in the circumferential direction of the riser 46 and / or in the material flow direction.
- At least one or each of the inlets 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 for introducing preheated raw meal 14, fuel 30 or combustion air 32 has in particular means for metering the inlet amount, by means of which the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel or combustion air adjustable is.
- Such means are, for example, flaps, scales, volumetric metering devices or conveyors, such as screw conveyors, conveyor belts or pneumatic transport systems.
- the riser two measuring planes 34, 36 are arranged, which extend substantially orthogonal to the flow direction and preferably form a cross-sectional plane of the riser 46.
- the measurement planes 34, 36 are arranged spaced apart in the flow direction of the material in the riser 46 and, for example, parallel to each other.
- the first measuring plane 34 is arranged behind the second measuring plane 36 in the flow direction and preferably between the inlets 48, 50 for introducing raw meal 14.
- the second measurement plane 36 is arranged, for example, between the fuel inlets 52, 54.
- the riser 46 each have a plurality of temperature measuring device 40 for determining the temperature within the riser 46.
- four temperature measuring devices 40 are mounted in each measuring plane 34, 36.
- each measurement level comprises 2-10, preferably 4-6 temperature measurement devices 40.
- the temperature measuring devices 40 are preferably attached to the inner wall of the riser 46 in the measuring plane 34, 36 and arranged in particular evenly spaced from each other. It is also conceivable to arrange only one temperature measuring device 40 in each measuring plane 34, 36.
- the temperature measuring devices 40 are in particular designed to determine a temperature distribution within the measuring plane 34, 36. Particularly suitable for this purpose is the use of an acoustic sensor as a temperature measuring device.
- the calciner preferably has a control / regulating device (not shown in FIG. 2) for controlling / regulating the material flows.
- the control / regulating device is connected to at least one of the temperature measuring devices 40, so that they transmit the determined temperature, in particular the determined temperature distribution in the respective measuring plane to the control / regulating device.
- the controller is connected to each temperature measuring device 40 of the calciner.
- control device is in communication with the inlets 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, in particular with the means for metering the inlet amount of the respective inlet 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, so that the Control / regulating device controls the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air in the calciner 16, in particular in the riser 46 of the calciner 16.
- the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air in the calciner 16 is controlled / regulated in particular depending on the previously determined by means of the temperature measuring means 40 temperature distribution.
- the control / regulation takes place in such a way that the most uniform possible temperature distribution over the respective measurement plane 34, 36 is achieved.
- the average temperature in a measuring plane 34, 36 is about 700-1100 °, preferably 850-950 ° C, in particular 900 ° C.
- the determined temperature distribution is preferably compared with a previously determined average temperature or a predetermined average temperature. In a deviation of this temperature by, for example, more than +/- 25-150 ° C, preferably +/- 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular +/- 60-80 ° C, the amount of preheated Raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air controlled in the riser 46 such that the deviation of the temperature is reduced to a value below the described value.
- the amount of preheated is Raw meal, which is fed through one of the inlets 48, 50 in the riser 46 increases.
- Raw meal acts as a heat sink and reduces the temperature within the riser 46.
- the amount of raw meal 14 is increased at the inlet 48, 50, which is closest to the area of the measurement plane 34, 36 where the temperature is elevated.
- the amount of fuel 30, the placed in the riser 46 is increased.
- the amount of fuel 30 is increased at the inlet 52, 54, which is closest to the region of the measurement plane 34, 36, in which the temperature is increased.
- the amount of combustion air is increased when the temperature in a certain range within the measurement plane 34, 36 falls below the determined or predetermined average temperature by about 25-150 ° C, preferably 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular 60-80 ° C. , wherein preferably the amount of combustion air at the inlet is increased, which is the region of the measuring plane 34, 36, in which the temperature is increased, the next.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a calciner 16 having a first combustion chamber 46 formed as a riser and a second combustion chamber 44 connected to the first combustion chamber such that a flow of raw material heated raw meal 14 from the second combustion chamber 44 into the first combustion chamber 46 flows.
- the first combustion chamber 46 preferably corresponds to the combustion chamber 46 described with reference to FIG. 2, in which two measurement planes 34, 36 are arranged.
- the first combustion chamber 46 of FIG. 3 has only one fuel inlet 52 and one combustion air inlet 52, which are each arranged below the second, lower measurement plane.
- the first combustion chamber has in particular two inlets 48, 50 for introducing preheated raw meal 14, wherein the first inlet 50 is arranged upstream of the second inlet 48 and the measurement planes 34, 36 in the flow direction of the material flow and the second inlet 48 downstream the first inlet 50 and the two measuring planes 34, 36 is arranged.
- the second combustion chamber 44 is not designed as a riser. It is also conceivable to provide more than two combustion chambers 44, 46 in the calciner 16, wherein the combustion chambers 44, 46 are connected to each other and at least one combustion chamber 44, 46 is formed as a riser.
- the lower of the two measurement planes 34, 36 extends from the first combustion chamber 46 into the second combustion chamber 44.
- the second combustion chamber 44 has, for example, a fuel inlet 60 for introducing fuel into the second combustion chamber 44.
- the second combustion chamber 44 has a substantially horizontal support area for receiving fuel 30, wherein the fuel inlet 60 is arranged such that fuel 30 falls from the fuel inlet 60 onto the support area.
- the second combustion chamber 44 has a combustion air inlet 62 and an inlet 64 for introducing preheated raw meal 14.
- the horizontal support region of the second combustion chamber 44 is followed by a region sloping vertically, in particular a chute, which opens into the second combustion chamber 46.
- the fuel 30 is pushed, for example, after a sufficient residence time on the support area in the sloping area. This can preferably be done by mechanical conveyors we screw conveyors or slides or pneumatic air blast devices.
- the fuel 30 of the second combustion chamber is then detected by the material flow of the riser 46 formed as the first combustion chamber and further burned.
- only one measuring plane 36 is arranged in the second combustion chamber 44. Which extends from the second combustion chamber 44 at an angle to the horizontal of about 10-60 °, preferably 20- 50 °, in particular 45 ° in the first combustion chamber 46.
- the area of the lower, second measurement plane 36 is therefore preferably larger than the area of the first measuring plane 34 arranged above it, which extends only within the first combustion chamber 46.
- the second measuring plane 36 has, for example, eight temperature measuring devices 40, which are preferably uniformly spaced from one another on the inside of the first and second combustion chambers 44, 46. A different number of temperature measuring devices 40, such as 10 to 20 temperature measuring devices 40 is also conceivable.
- the temperature measuring devices 40 of the second measuring plane 36 determine a temperature distribution of the measuring plane 36 which extends from the first combustion chamber 46 into the second combustion chamber 44.
- the arrangement of the first measuring plane corresponds to the arrangement of the measuring plane 34 described with reference to FIG.
- At least one or all of the temperature measuring devices 40 of the first and second measuring planes 34, 36 are also connected to a control / regulating device (not shown) for controlling / regulating the material flows, wherein the determined temperature, in particular the determined temperature distribution in the respective measuring plane to the control / Control device is transmitted.
- the controller is in communication with the inlets 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, in particular with the inlet quantity metering means of the respective inlet 48-64, so that the control Control device, the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air in the calciner 16, in particular in the first and / or second combustion chamber 44, 46 of the calciner 16 controls / regulates.
- the amount of preheated raw meal, fuel and / or combustion air in the calciner 16 is, as already described with reference to FIG. 2, controlled in dependence on the temperature distribution determined in advance by means of the temperature measuring devices 40.
- the amount of preheated raw meal, which is fed through one of the inlets 48, 50 in the first combustion chamber 46 increased.
- the amount of preheated raw meal introduced into the second combustion chamber 46 through the inlet 60 is increased when the temperature in a region within the second measurement plane 36 that is within the second combustion chamber 44 is higher than the determined or predetermined average temperature exceeds the above value of about 25-150 ° C, preferably 50 ° -100 ° C, especially 60-80 ° C.
- the determined or predetermined average temperature falls below about 25-150 ° C, preferably 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular 60-80 ° C.
- the amount of fuel 30 added to the first combustion chamber 46 increases.
- the amount of fuel 30 is increased at the inlet 52, 54, which is closest to the region of the measurement plane 34, 36, in which the temperature is increased.
- the amount of combustion air introduced into the first combustion chamber 46 is increased when the temperature in a certain range is in a range within the second measurement plane 36, which lies within the first combustion chamber 46, the determined or predetermined mean temperature by about 25-150 ° C, preferably 50 ° -100 ° C, in particular 60-80 ° C below.
- the amount of combustion air in the second combustion chamber is regulated.
- a regulation of the amount of fuel, combustion air and / or preheated raw meal as a function of the determined temperature, in particular the temperature distribution, enables optimal combustion, at the same time damage to the calciner is prevented by overheating. Also, optimum heating of the raw meal to achieve calcination is achieved by the calciner described above.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018202063.9A DE102018202063A1 (de) | 2018-02-09 | 2018-02-09 | Calcinator einer Zementherstellungsanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Calcinators |
PCT/EP2019/052462 WO2019154723A1 (de) | 2018-02-09 | 2019-02-01 | Calcinator einer zementherstellungsanlage und verfahren zum betreiben eines calcinators |
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EP3749906A1 true EP3749906A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 |
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EP (1) | EP3749906B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN111684228B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102018202063A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019154723A1 (de) |
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DE102018215348A1 (de) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-12 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Kühler zum Kühlen von Klinker und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühlers zum Kühlen von Klinker |
MX2022013822A (es) | 2020-05-05 | 2022-11-30 | Thyssenkrupp Ind Solutions Ag | Instalacion de produccion de cemento y procedimiento para la produccion de clinker de cemento. |
CN113251435B (zh) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-11-09 | 天津国能津能滨海热电有限公司 | 基于温度场的燃烧器调节方法、系统、dcs系统及介质 |
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US1234567A (en) | 1915-09-14 | 1917-07-24 | Edward J Quigley | Soft collar. |
DE3433786A1 (de) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-03-27 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren und anlage zur waermebehandlung von mineralischem, insbesondere karbonathaltigem rohmehl |
CN1024653C (zh) * | 1988-02-27 | 1994-05-25 | 武汉工业大学 | 黑生料立式分解炉煅烧方法及设备 |
CN2109534U (zh) * | 1991-12-28 | 1992-07-08 | 长沙交通学院 | 水泥机立窑炉温检测与控制装置 |
CN1137623A (zh) * | 1995-06-08 | 1996-12-11 | 褚衍旭 | 立式垃圾煅烧炉 |
JP5110684B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-15 | 2012-12-26 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | 乾燥装置の運転方法 |
CN103183460B (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2015-11-18 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 污泥处理设备 |
DE102013006237B4 (de) * | 2013-04-11 | 2016-06-16 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Zement sowie Anlage zur Herstellung von Zement |
DE102016211181A1 (de) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Anlage und Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung von flugfähigem Rohmaterial |
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- 2019-02-01 WO PCT/EP2019/052462 patent/WO2019154723A1/de unknown
- 2019-02-01 CN CN201980012084.1A patent/CN111684228B/zh active Active
- 2019-02-01 EP EP19703661.9A patent/EP3749906B1/de active Active
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DE102018202063A1 (de) | 2019-08-14 |
WO2019154723A1 (de) | 2019-08-15 |
CN111684228B (zh) | 2022-10-04 |
CN111684228A (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
EP3749906B1 (de) | 2021-09-01 |
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