Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00658—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by passive electrical keys
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C2009/00579—Power supply for the keyless data carrier
  • G07C2009/00603—Power supply for the keyless data carrier by power transmission from lock
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C2009/00634—Power supply for the lock
  • G07C2009/00642—Power supply for the lock by battery

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electronic locking system with at least one electronic locking mechanism and a master element having a power source and an electrical circuit, as well as a passive transponder for controlling the electronic locking mechanism, wherein transmission paths for exchanging data and electrical energy are formed between the electrical circuit and the passive transponder and between the electrical circuit and the electronic locking mechanism, wherein the passive transponder is integrated in the master element, the passive transponder and the electronic locking mechanism are supplied with power simultaneously via the transmission paths, and the electrical circuit functions as a bidirectional modulation converter which converts an input signal with one modulation scheme into an output signal with a different modulation scheme and thus enables direct communication between the integrated passive transponder and the electronic locking mechanism, wherein the electronic locking system has at least one additional passive transponder which is arranged in a passive identification element, the master element has an interface for connecting to the additional passive transponder, and wherein the electrical circuit enables direct communication between the additional passive transponder and the locking mechanism.
• a lock with an energy storage device is from the WO 2005/054609 A1
• This lock uses an external energy source to stimulate and power a wireless connection.
• the lock is then activated, and the opening or closing process is initiated.
• This process is powered by a dedicated energy source within the lock. This is intended to avoid periodic pooling of nearby transponders.
• Such an electronic locking system is, for example, from the EP 2 905 752 A2
• the portable transponder is a passive key without its own power source, and the locking mechanism is located in a locking cylinder with its own power source.
• the master element is a so-called active key with integrated Energy source.
• One of the master element's interfaces is designed for passive, externally triggered data output, and a second interface is designed for active data exchange with the locking mechanism.
• the locking mechanism can be supplied with electrical power from the master element's power source.
• controlling the locking mechanism requires a locking authorization stored in the master element's integrated memory. Direct control of the locking mechanism with the locking authorization of the portable transponder is not possible. Storing a locking authorization in the master element's memory represents an additional security risk.
• a locking system has become known in which locking authorizations from a fixed database are transferred to an active key via a mobile computer.
• the active key can then transfer the locking authorizations to the locking mechanism without a data connection to the database.
• the active key has an energy storage device that supplies the locking mechanism with electrical power.
• the locking system can then be locked with passive keys.
• a disadvantage of the known state of the art is that if the power supply of the portable transponder or the locking mechanism fails, the data from the portable transponder cannot be used directly to control the locking mechanism. If an active key is used to control the locking mechanism according to the state of the art, it must ensure the power supply to the locking mechanism and contain all the data required to control it in a memory.
• the invention is based on the problem of developing an electronic locking system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that communication between two passive elements is possible without intermediate storage.
• the master element has two antennas for simultaneously exciting the electronic locking mechanism and the passive identification means, wherein in one operating mode the integrated passive transponder of the master element is inoperative and the electronic locking mechanism is closed with the data of the passive identification means.
• This design allows the master element to utilize a passive electronic locking mechanism with a passive transponder. This avoids buffering access authorization in the master element's memory. This makes querying locking authorization more secure and faster.
• the passive transponder and the locking mechanism can only transmit their data using load modulation in order to simultaneously receive power via this communication channel.
• the data can only be received using a different modulation, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation.
• ASK amplitude shift keying
• the simultaneous supply of power to the passive transponder and the passive locking mechanism ensures that, even in the event of a power failure, no intermediate storage of the locking authorization is required to operate the locking mechanism.
• the master element can also be used as a passive identification device.
• the integrated passive transponder can draw its power from the locking mechanism and operates in a so-called card emulation mode (CEM).
• CEM card emulation mode
• the functionality of the electronic locking system can be increased because the locking system has at least one additional passive transponder located in a passive identification element.
• the passive identification element can, for example, be designed as a passive user key for the electronic locking system.
• the locking system can be operated by multiple people with different access authorizations.
• the functionality of the electronic locking system in general and of the master element in particular can be increased if the master element has an interface for connecting to the additional passive transponder.
• This connection is advantageously created via RFID.
• the interface includes an antenna for establishing an RFID connection with an additional passive transponder.
• the entire electronic locking system can be conveniently operated even in the event of a power failure, because the electrical circuit enables direct communication between the additional passive transponder and the locking mechanism.
• the additional passive transponder which, for example, contains the locking authorization for an electronic locking mechanism affected by a failure of its power source, to communicate directly with the locking mechanism via the master element and transmit its locking authorization.
• This communication proceeds analogously to the communication of the integrated passive transponder. This avoids intermediate storage of the locking authorizations, making the entire communication faster and more secure.
• no locking authorization for the locking mechanism to be operated needs to be transmitted to the integrated passive transponder, which keeps the administrative effort to a minimum in such a case.
• the master element can be manufactured cost-effectively if the electrical circuit is designed as an integrated circuit. This design allows for good control of the process conditions during production, and the production process itself is easy to automate.
• the master element can be operated particularly energy-efficiently if the electrical circuit is implemented as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
• ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
• the master element can be designed particularly variably if the electrical circuit is implemented as a field programmable gate array (FPGA).
• FPGA field programmable gate array
• the passive transponder can be integrated into the master element particularly easily if the transmission path between the electrical circuit and the integrated passive transponder is based on RFID technology.
• the passive transponder can be integrated into the master element particularly reliably and tamper-proof if the transmission path between the electrical circuit and the passive transponder is a direct electrical connection.
• This direct electrical connection eliminates the need for an RFID field for communication between the transponder and the electrical circuit, which could potentially be intercepted via an external radio connection.
• the direct electrical connection can be established, for example, via a cable connection.
• the locking system is particularly convenient to operate if the transmission path between the electrical circuit and the locking mechanism is based on RFID technology. This eliminates the need for a direct electrical connection between the portable master element and the usually stationary locking mechanism, simplifying handling. Furthermore, several types of locking mechanisms can be addressed via RFID communication. Thus, both electronic locking mechanisms designed as locking cylinders can communicate with the master element via RFID, as can electronic locking mechanisms designed, for example, in the form of a simple RFID card reader.
• the electronic locking system can be managed with as little effort as possible if the master element has a non-volatile memory for programming commands.
• This allows programming commands for assigning access authorizations to be stored in the master element's memory.
• This allows the master element to be used as a programming unit for the locking system.
• An additional mobile programming unit that communicates with the locking mechanisms and identification devices, or a networking of the locking system with a central programming unit, is therefore not necessarily required.
• the functionality of the locking system can be increased according to an advantageous further development if the electronic locking system has at least one passive Identification element which has an additional passive transponder arranged in the passive identification element.
• Figure 1a shows a locking system with, for example, an electronic locking mechanism 2, which is designed as a locking cylinder, and a passive identification element 9, designed as a key.
• the locking system also has a master element 1 in the shape of a key.
• the electronic locking mechanism 2 has a locking unit 12 with a control unit 22, an antenna 21, and a power source 24.
• the control unit 22 is connected to an electronic memory 23 for locking authorizations.
• a passive transponder 8 is arranged in the passive identification means 9 and connected to an antenna 24.
• the master element 1 has a power source 3 and an electrical circuit 4 and has an integrated passive transponder 5.
• the master element 1 has two antennas 25, 26, with the antenna 26 being assigned to the interface 10.
• the antennas 25, 26 are used to transmit power and data.
• an electronic memory 11 is arranged in the master element 1.
• the electronic locking mechanism 2 Because the electronic locking mechanism 2 has its own energy source 24, it can be controlled directly with the passive identification medium 9 in an operating mode corresponding to normal operation. Data is exchanged between the passive transponder 8 of the passive identification medium 9 and the control unit 22 in the electronic locking mechanism 2, and if locking authorization is present, the locking unit 12 is unlocked. Likewise, the integrated transponder 5 of the master element 1 can interact with the electronic locking mechanism 2 to control the locking unit 12. In this case, the master element 1 operates in a so-called card emulation mode. This allows the electronic locking mechanism 2 to be controlled with both the master element 1 and the passive identification means 9 if locking authorization is present.
• the power storage unit 3 and the interface 10 of the master element 1 are Figure 1a The use shown is inoperative.
• the electrical circuit 4 forwards the signals received by it on both sides to the electronic locking mechanism 2 and the passive transponder 5 without changing the modulation schemes of the signals.
• the master element 1 behaves in this operating mode like the passive identification means 9.
• the data exchange options are marked with a double arrow.
• the direction of generation of an RF field for transmitting energy in the direction of passive identification means 9 or master element 1 are marked with a simple arrow.
• the electronic locking mechanism 2 behaves like a passive component.
• the operating mode corresponding to this operation is shown in Figure 1b shown.
• the now passive electronic locking mechanism 2 cannot be directly controlled by the passive identification means 9 because neither component can provide the energy to generate the RF field.
• the master element 1, with its own power source 3 and the two antennas 25, 26, enables the simultaneous excitation of the electronic locking mechanism 2 and the passive identification means 9.
• the directions of energy transmission are marked with single arrows.
• the electrical circuit 4 in the master element 1 enables the exchange of data, marked with a double arrow, between the passive transponder 8 of the passive identification means 9 and the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• the integrated passive transponder 5 of the master element 1 is inoperative, and the electronic locking mechanism 2 is closed using the data from the passive identification means 9.
• the master element 1 serves exclusively as a power source and for transmitting data between the passive identification means 9 and the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• the electrical circuit 4 converts the modulation schemes of the signals received on both sides, because both the passive identification means 9 and the now passive electronic locking mechanism 2 can only transmit data via load modulation in order to receive energy via this modulation.
• the passive elements can only receive data via a different modulation scheme, based, for example, on amplitude modulation.
• the modulation scheme used in the illustrated embodiment of the invention is amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation.
• the integrated passive transponder 5 of the master element 1 has the locking authorization for the electronic locking mechanism 2 to be actuated, the integrated passive transponder 5 can directly assume the role of the passive transponder 8 of the passive identification device 9 in the communication.
• This operating mode is similar to the one described above, except that the locking authorization of the transponder 5 in the master element 1 is used directly instead of an additional transponder 8.
• the master element 1 can be used as a programming unit for the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• the master element 1 transfers the programming commands for assigning access authorizations from its memory 11 to the memory 24 of the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• the master element 1 is supplied with electrical energy by the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• Figure 2 shows the interaction of the components of the locking system in the locking operation in the case that the electronic locking mechanism 2 does not have its own, intact energy source 24 and in the case that the electronic locking mechanism 2 has its own, intact energy source 24.
• the direction of an energy supply is determined analogously to Figure 1a and Figure 1b , indicated by large arrows.
• the transmission of data or signals is illustrated by dashed arrows.
• the case with an existing, intact energy source 24 is shown with dashed arrows and the case without an intact energy source 24 is shown with solid arrows.
• the master element 1 in the electrical circuit 4 has an alternating element 13 and individual modulation and encoder units 15, 18, 19 as well as individual demodulation and decoder units 16, 17, 20.
• the alternating element 13 has a connection to each modulation and encoder unit 15, 18, 19 as well as to each demodulation and decoder unit 16, 17, 20.
• the two outputs of the demodulation and decoder units 16, 17 and the two inputs of the modulation and encoder units 18, 19 are each connected to the changeover element 13.
• the input of the modulation and encoder unit 15 is connected to the changeover element 13, as is the output of the demodulation and decoder unit 20.
• the changeover element also contains a switch 14.
• the modulation and encoder units 15, 18, 19 modulate and encode a signal arriving at their input in order to ensure, on the one hand, that the receiver following them receives the signal in a suitable modulation scheme and, on the other hand, to ensure secure and, as efficient as possible, data transmission.
• the demodulation and decoder units 16, 17, 20 receive a signal of corresponding modulation and coding at their input and convert it into a signal which is forwarded to the corresponding modulation and encoder units 15, 18, 19 for further modulation and coding.
• the modulation and encoder unit 15 has a transponder-side output and thus forwards either forwards data to the integrated transponder 5 or the additional transponder 8. Since these transponders are always passive elements, they receive data in a modulation scheme that is not load modulation.
• the signals are ASK-modulated by the modulation and encoder unit 15.
• the demodulation and decoder unit 20 has a transponder-side input and is therefore used to demodulate a load-modulated signal.
• the transponder-side units 15, 20 are each connected to one of two possible locking mechanism-side units 16, 17, 18, 19.
• one modulation and encoder unit is connected to a demodulation and decoder unit.
• the demodulation and decoder unit 16 is used when the electronic locking mechanism 2 does not have its own intact energy source 24 and receives a signal from it. Thus, this unit 16 must demodulate a load-modulated signal.
• the demodulation and decoder unit 17, is used when the electronic locking mechanism 2 has its own intact power source 24.
• the electronic locking mechanism 2 transmits its signal in ASK modulation, which is demodulated by the unit 17.
• the modulation and encoder unit 18 is supplied with a signal by the switching element 13 if the electronic locking mechanism does not have its own intact power source 24.
• the unit 18 must provide an ASK-modulated signal so that the electronic locking mechanism can be supplied with power during data exchange.
• the modulation and encoder unit 19 is used when the electronic locking mechanism 2 has its own intact power source 24.
• the electronic locking mechanism 2 provides the power for communication and therefore receives a load modulation provided by the modulation and encoder unit 19.
• the transponder-side modulation and encoder unit 15 is connected to one of the locking mechanism-side demodulation and decoder units 16, 17 via the switching element 13, and the transponder-side demodulation and decoder unit 20 is connected to one of the locking mechanism-side modulation and encoder units 18, 19.
• the switch 14 and thus the switching element 13 are in a setting intended to ensure the power supply of the electronic locking mechanism 2 via the master element 1. Two transmission paths 6, 7 are also shown.
• the transmission path 6 is arranged between the integrated passive transponder 5 and the electrical circuit 4. Furthermore, the transmission path 6 forms a connection between the interface 10, which is Master element 1 is arranged, and the electrical circuit 4.
• the interface 10 has the antenna 26, which serves for communication with the passive identification means 9.
• the transmission path 6 is a direct electrical connection, which can be established, for example, via cable.
• the transmission path 7 connects the master element 1 with the electronic locking mechanism 2.
• the transmission path 7 is implemented in the illustrated embodiment using RFID technology.
• the antennas 21, 25, which are necessary for this RFID-based transmission path, are in Figure 2 Not explicitly shown for clarity. Both transmission paths 6 and 7 enable the transmission of data and power.
• a non-volatile memory 11 is also installed in the master element 1. This can be used to store programming commands or event logs, for example, of locking events.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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• 2019
  • 2019-06-07 DE DE102019208349.8A patent/DE102019208349A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-05-26 PT PT201764396T patent/PT3748587T/pt unknown
  • 2020-05-26 PL PL20176439.6T patent/PL3748587T3/pl unknown
  • 2020-05-26 EP EP20176439.6A patent/EP3748587B1/de active Active
  • 2020-05-26 FI FIEP20176439.6T patent/FI3748587T3/fi active
  • 2020-05-26 ES ES20176439T patent/ES3054316T3/es active Active

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