EP3746210A1 - Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage - Google Patents
Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP3746210A1 EP3746210A1 EP19702178.5A EP19702178A EP3746210A1 EP 3746210 A1 EP3746210 A1 EP 3746210A1 EP 19702178 A EP19702178 A EP 19702178A EP 3746210 A1 EP3746210 A1 EP 3746210A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adsorption
- transfer fluid
- heat transfer
- fluid flow
- adsorbent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 activated carbons Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012464 large buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0438—Cooling or heating systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
- B01D2252/103—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/16—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/20—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/22—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/108—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
- B01D2257/7025—Methane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/403—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using three beds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/20—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of methane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the separation of a gas mixture stream by means of temperature change adsorption and a temperature change adsorption plant adapted for carrying out such a process according to the respective ones
- Temperature swing adsorption is an adsorptive process for the separation of gas mixtures in which the regeneration of the adsorbent used is carried out using thermal energy.
- the temperature change adsorption is used for example for the purification of exhaust gas or for the treatment of gas mixtures such as natural gas or synthesis gas.
- Other gas mixtures can be separated by means of temperature change adsorption in a corresponding manner, for example, gas mixtures such as biogas or exhaust gases from chemical or physical gas scrubbing such as the Rectisol- or
- Amine washing provided that they are suitable in their composition for a corresponding separation.
- the present invention is not limited to the use of certain adsorbents or gas mixtures.
- the temperature swing adsorption takes advantage of the temperature dependence of adsorption processes.
- An adsorbent that is in a suitable
- Adsorber effectivenesser (here referred to as "adsorption") is housed, is thereby flows in an operating cycle at a lower temperature level with the gas mixture stream to be separated and thereby loaded with the or each separated components from the gas mixture stream. In a subsequent operating cycle, the adsorbent may then be heated by heating, i.
- Adsorption required so that always one of the adsorption with the flows through to be separated gas mixture flow and thus the separation of the
- the temperature swing adsorption can in particular in material systems with
- Components are used, which have high Adsorptionsenthalpien.
- the cycle times of the explained operating cycles are usually several hours.
- Temperature swing adsorption is generally used to remove low concentration components in gas mixtures and is typically less suitable for removing more highly concentrated components.
- the regeneration gas may be, for example, a purified process product, steam or nitrogen. The use of other regeneration gases is possible.
- a regeneration gas which comes into direct contact with the adsorbent
- an indirect heating of the adsorbent can be made to its regeneration.
- a heated fluid flow can also be used, which, however, for example by means of heating cables through the
- Adsorbent or an adsorbent bed is performed.
- a corresponding fluid is also referred to herein as a "heat transfer fluid".
- a heat transfer fluid in the language used here is thus a liquid or a gas which is passed through a separate flow channel in the indirect heating and / or cooling of an adsorber and is thus subjected to an indirect heat exchange with the adsorbent.
- US 6,630,012 B2 and US 6,974,496 B2 each disclose methods for gas separation by means of indirectly heated adsorption and thermally assisted pressure swing adsorption based on a so-called micro-channel heat exchanger.
- US 2003/0037672 A1 discloses an indirectly heated
- the present invention proposes a method for separating a gas mixture stream by means of temperature change adsorption and a
- Liquid and gaseous mixtures may be rich or poor in one or more components as used herein, with “rich” for a content of at least 99%, 99.5%, 99.9%, 99.99%, 99.999% or 99% , 9999% and “poor” for a content of at most 1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001 or 0.00001% on a molar, weight or volume basis.
- the term "predominantly” can correspond to the definition of "rich”.
- Component mixtures may also be enriched or depleted in one or more components as used herein relate these terms to a corresponding content in another component mixture, using that considered
- Component mixture was formed.
- a component mixture is "enriched” according to the language usage used here if it has at least 10 times, 100 times or 1 000 times the content of the designated component (s), and it is “depleted” if it is at most the 0.1-fold, 0.01-fold or 0.001-fold content of the designated component (s).
- pressure level and "temperature level” to characterize pressures and temperatures, thereby indicating that corresponding pressures and temperatures in a given plant need not be used in the form of exact pressure or temperature values to realize the innovative concept.
- pressures and temperatures typically range in certain ranges whose maximum and minimum values differ by, for example, not more than 1%, 5%, 10%, 20% or even 50%.
- Corresponding pressure levels and temperature levels can be in disjoint areas or in areas that overlap one another.
- pressure levels include unavoidable or expected pressure drops.
- temperature levels include unavoidable or expected pressure drops.
- the present invention provides a thermal swing adsorption process and apparatus in which multiple, in particular three or at least three, adsorber tanks or adsorption units are used, each filled at least partially with adsorbent, for example in the form of granules or shaped bodies.
- adsorption units are heatable in the context of the present invention by indirect heat exchange, i. they can be flowed through by means of a fluid which does not come into direct contact with the particular adsorbent but can exchange heat with the adsorbent.
- the adsorption units for example in the form of
- Tube bundle arrangements are provided, wherein the tubes, a form corresponding tube bundle arrangement, are filled with adsorbent and the tubes are flowed around by the respective heat transfer fluid flow or vice versa.
- Adsorption in which an adsorbent is housed, referred to as "Adsorptionsraum".
- the adsorption space does not have to be formed continuously, but can also be applied, for example, to a plurality of tubes
- An adsorption space of an adsorption unit is, in other words, the volume provided with an adsorbent. It is understood that when it is mentioned here that "an” adsorbent is used or that an adsorption space is filled with “one” adsorbent, this does not exclude that within the scope of the present invention also several
- Adsorbents can be used in an adsorption space.
- the adsorption units used each have a "heat exchange arrangement".
- a heat exchange arrangement is formed in the context of the present invention for indirect heat transfer between a heat transfer fluid flow and the adsorbent.
- the indirect heat transfer is carried out over the walls of the tubes forming the tube bundle and the heat exchange arrangement is thus formed through the tubes or their walls. In this way it is ensured that the adsorbent does not come into direct contact with the respective heat transfer fluid flow.
- a temperature swing adsorption is carried out to remove one or more components from a gas mixture stream, wherein, as is basically known in the corresponding methods, typically one or more adsorption units are always flowed through by the gas mixture stream to be treated accordingly.
- typically one or more adsorption units are always flowed through by the gas mixture stream to be treated accordingly.
- a plurality of adsorption units it is possible for one or more other adsorber containers or adsorption units to be regenerated at the same time.
- a plurality of adsorption units it is also possible for a plurality of adsorption units to be flowed through in parallel by the gas mixture stream to be treated during certain periods, and thereby no simultaneous regeneration of one or more other adsorption takes place. It is also understood that, in particular during short periods of time, in particular during a switching between different
- Adsorption a flow can also be completely omitted.
- appropriate regeneration measures include not only heating for desorption of the adsorbed components but also, in particular, cooling after desorption, so that a corresponding adsorber vessel or an adsorption unit, more precisely the adsorbent contained therein, is subsequently available at a temperature level which is suitable for the adsorption of components suitable for the mixed gas stream to be treated.
- corresponding prior art regeneration measures typically include rinsing the adsorbent to remove desorbed components as much as possible.
- the adsorbent is heated and cooled during regeneration or subsequent to the regeneration, but also cooling of the adsorbent during an adsorption process, in particular in order to dissipate adsorption heat in this way.
- the heating and cooling is always carried out by means of indirect heat transfer, as explained below.
- the use of a plurality of buffer tanks, in particular at least two buffer tanks has proven particularly advantageous, one or at least one of which is provided in a warm and one or at least one in a cold heat transfer circuit. It is also possible to provide further buffer containers, which in particular are operated at one or more temperature levels between those of the aforementioned buffer containers.
- the buffer containers used can be operated in particular with variable fluid level.
- the present invention comprises, at the beginning of heating for regeneration, the one or more corresponding adsorption units
- Heat transfer fluid or a corresponding heat transfer fluid flow at elevated temperature from the warm buffer tank or a buffer tank with medium temperature supply.
- the heat transfer fluid which at the beginning of the regeneration is still in the adsorption or adsorption or the adsorption, but also at the beginning of the regeneration still relatively cold abkkühltes heat transfer fluid or the adsorption or
- Embodiments illustrated in the figures are still shown in detail.
- a corresponding feed is advantageously carried out until the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the adsorber or adsorption or adsorption has risen to a predetermined value. If this is the case, the exiting heat transfer fluid is instead fed into the warm circuit or a corresponding buffer container.
- a mixed heat transfer fluid formed in this way can be obtained at a medium temperature level. In particular, it can then be divided, one part being heated and used to liquefy one or more containers or adsorption units, and another part being cooled and used for cooling one or more adsorber containers or adsorption units. Appropriate mixing can be achieved by simply combining them in one
- Manifold take place, or it can be provided a buffer tank, are fed to the different heat transfer fluid flows and mixed there.
- the present invention proposes a total of a method for the separation of a gas mixture stream by means of temperature change adsorption, in which a
- Temperaturcicadsorptionsstrom with multiple adsorption units is used, which are each operated in a first and a second mode.
- the first operating mode comprises at least partially passing the mixed gas stream through an adsorption space of the respective adsorption unit and subjecting it to an adsorptive mass transfer with at least one adsorbent in the adsorption space of the respective adsorption unit.
- This mode corresponds to so a regular adsorption operation in which one or more
- Adsorption units can be used in parallel.
- Heat transfer fluid flow at a first temperature level by a
- Heat exchange is performed in the respective adsorption and heat is transferred from the first heat transfer fluid flow indirectly to the at least one adsorbent in the adsorption of the respective adsorption unit.
- the first temperature level is at least temporarily above a temperature level at which the at least one adsorbent is present in the second operating mode.
- the second operating mode thus corresponds to heating of the corresponding adsorption unit and thus to a regeneration operation or a first phase thereof.
- the mixed gas flow or a part thereof is not guided through the adsorption space of the respective adsorption unit. In other words, in the second mode no adsorptive
- Adsorb components to the respective adsorbent Adsorb components to the respective adsorbent.
- the operating mode referred to here as the second operating mode is used for regeneration. It is understood that the operating modes of the different adsorption units are suitably coordinated with one another in the method according to the invention. In particular, at least one adsorption unit is advantageously always operated in the first operating mode, so that an adsorptive separation can always be carried out. In parallel, one or more others can each
- Adsorption units are operated in the second mode. This corresponds to alternating operation of different adsorption units, as explained above and basically known from the field of adsorption technology. The number of each operated in the different modes
- the first mode further comprises that a second
- Heat transfer fluid flow at a second temperature level by a
- Heat exchange arrangement is performed in the respective adsorption and heat from the at least one adsorbent in the adsorption of the respective
- Adsorption unit is indirectly transferred to the second heat transfer fluid flow.
- the second temperature level is at least temporarily below one
- Adsorption units are each operated in a third mode, which comprises that a third heat transfer fluid at a third temperature level, which may in particular also correspond to the second temperature level, is guided by the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption and heat from the at least one adsorbent in the adsorption of the respective
- Adsorption unit is indirectly transferred to the third heat transfer fluid flow.
- the second temperature level is at least temporarily below one
- Adsorption processes at a suitable temperature is available.
- the gas mixture stream or a part thereof is not passed through the adsorption space of the respective adsorption unit.
- no adsorptive mass transfer is carried out in the third operating mode, but a cooling of the at least one adsorbent is carried out after the regeneration of the at least one adsorbent in the second operating mode.
- the at least one adsorbent of the respective heat exchange unit is cooled in the first operating mode, that the at least one adsorbent of the respective heat exchange unit in the second
- the Operating mode is heated, and that the at least one adsorbent of the respective Heat exchange unit in the third mode is cooled again.
- the first, the second and the third operating mode are in each case carried out in the stated order.
- the first, second and third operating modes take place in relation to the respective adsorption unit, in non-overlapping periods.
- the adsorption units comprise at least three
- Adsorption wherein at least during an operating period one of the three adsorption in the first mode, at the same time a further of the three adsorption in the second mode and at the same time a further of the three adsorption in the third mode can be operated.
- Adsorption is limited.
- a parallel adsorption by means of a plurality of adsorption units or a corresponding parallel gas separation can also be provided.
- several adsorption units can be regenerated in parallel.
- the operating modes used in parallel here are the same.
- Heating of the adsorbent and thus to a decrease in the achievable load By cooling during the adsorption, as provided according to the invention in the first mode by the use of the second heat transfer fluid, the achievable load can be increased and thus the working capacity of the adsorbent can be significantly increased.
- the working capacity of an adsorbent is understood by those skilled in the art to mean the difference in loading of the adsorbent after adsorption and after regeneration.
- Another advantage that can be achieved by the use of the present invention is the minimization of product losses. This advantage results from the indirect heating and cooling, with only small amounts of product gas or
- Feed gas or even no product gas or feed gas can be used for rinsing during the regeneration phase.
- Feed gas or even no product gas or feed gas can be used for rinsing during the regeneration phase.
- feedstock or product gas is used as regeneration gas, significantly higher product losses occur.
- Temperature level is at least partially taken from a first buffer tank and then passed through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption that the second heat transfer fluid used in the first mode at the second temperature level, in this case below the first
- Temperature levels is at least partially taken from a second buffer tank and then by the heat exchange arrangement of the respective
- Adsorption unit is guided, and that the third heat transfer fluid used in the third mode at the third temperature level, which in this case corresponds to the second temperature level, at least partially the second
- Buffer tank removed and then passed through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit.
- the present invention proposes the use of a hot and a cold buffer tank, wherein the "first" buffer tank represents the warm buffer tank and the "second" buffer tank represents the cold buffer tank.
- the second temperature level of the second (cold) buffer tank and thus of the second heat transfer fluid flow lies in this embodiment, in particular at 0 to 120 ° C, preferably at 0 to 90 ° C.
- the third temperature level corresponds to the second one.
- the first and / or the third operating mode at least partially comprise a first period of time and a second period of time lying after the first period of time, which can be determined by the treatment of the respective period
- the first heat transfer fluid flow, after being in the second mode by the heat exchange arrangement of the respective
- Adsorption unit was performed, at least partially fed to the second buffer tank in the first period and at least partially supplied to the first buffer tank in the second period.
- the first heat transfer fluid flow is thus, as long as it is still comparatively cold because in the corresponding adsorption even colder heat transfer fluid is present or the adsorption is still relatively cold overall, advantageously fed to the second, "cold" buffer tank. In this way, excessive cooling of the heat transfer fluid in the first buffer tank is avoided. If the heat transfer fluid flow has reached a sufficient temperature, it can be supplied to the first buffer tank. This way decreases in the
- the energy requirements, because the heating of heat transfer fluid can be reduced.
- the second heat transfer fluid stream after having been conducted through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit in the first operating mode, is always at least partially supplied to the second buffer tank. So there is no different feed in a first and a second period made because the released in the first mode
- Adsorption heat compared to the required energy for the temperature of the total adsorber (steel mass and adsorbent) is much lower. This results in only a slight warming of the heat transfer fluid.
- the third heat carrier fluid flow after being guided through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit in the third operating mode, in a first time period is at least partially supplied to the first buffer tank and is at least partially supplied to the second buffer tank in a second period.
- the respective first and second periods used in the second and third modes may be independently selected as needed.
- the third mode is, as mentioned, made to cool the adsorbent after a previous regeneration.
- the heat transfer fluid which is taken from the corresponding adsorption unit immediately after the end of the heating phase, is still at a high temperature. This would therefore on the one hand increase the temperature in the second buffer tank excessively.
- the energy contained in the third heat transfer fluid flow in the first period represents usable energy that would otherwise be lost.
- the first heat transfer fluid flow after it has been passed through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit in the second operating mode, and / or the second heat transfer fluid flow, after was passed through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit in the first operating mode and / or the third heat transfer fluid flow, after being guided through the heat exchange arrangement of the respective adsorption unit in the third operating mode, is at least partially supplied to a mixture.
- mixing temperatures can be set in the context of the present invention, which are particularly well suited for certain applications.
- heat transfer fluid flows can be formed, which are then heated or cooled and thus for regeneration or cooling can be used.
- the heat transfer fluid may be split and partially heated at a moderate temperature level and used to heat one or more adsorption units and cooled to another and cooled to one or more
- Adsorption units are used.
- Merging the fluid streams are made in a manifold and / or by feeding into a mixing vessel. An injection into one
- corresponding mixed fluids can also be used as heat transfer fluids, so that a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises one or more mixed fluids formed during the mixing at least partially in the formation of the first and / or second and / or the third heat transfer fluid to use.
- a heating and / or cooling of parts of a corresponding mixing fluid can take place.
- the adsorption space of the respective adsorption in the second mode and / or in the third mode at least temporarily flows through a circulating gas stream, which can be transported in particular by means of a blower.
- gas is withdrawn from the adsorption space of the respective adsorption units at the beginning of the second operating mode and returned to the process.
- Feedback can be done in particular to an adsorption, which is at this time in the adsorption mode, ie the first mode.
- gas is carried out of the adsorption space of the respective adsorption units during at least part of the second operating mode and into a space
- Buffer tank is transferred. That during the regeneration from a
- the gas escaping from the corresponding adsorption unit typically has large fluctuations in the volume flow and the composition.
- a sufficiently large buffer tank can be used to compensate for these fluctuations.
- a flap is optionally installed at the outlet of a corresponding buffer container, by means of which a volume flow emerging from the buffer container can be kept constant at a certain pressure. This pressure is less than the minimum pressure of the gas flowing out of the adsorption unit during the regeneration. Accordingly, fluctuating inlet flow results in a varying pressure in the buffer tank.
- the mixed gas stream has a content of 0.01 to 20 mol%, in particular from 0.1 to 10 mol%, of one or more preferably adsorbed to the at least one adsorbent components and the remainder one or more less adsorbable to the first, the second and the third adsorbent components.
- the question of which components are "preferably adsorbing components" and which components are “less strongly adsorbing components” depends on the choice of the particular adsorbent used. In principle, adsorption of the preferably adsorbing components is also not complete. Also, a small portion of the less strongly adsorbing components adsorb to the corresponding adsorbent.
- Components include carbon dioxide and / or water and / or hydrocarbons having more than two or more than three carbon atoms and the one or more less strongly adsorbing components may include hydrogen and / or methane and / or carbon monoxide.
- the inventive method is particularly suitable for processing methane-rich gases, such as natural gas, biogas or mine gas or for processing hydrogen-rich gases such as synthesis gas.
- the one or more preferably adsorbing components comprise water and / or hydrocarbons and the one or more less strongly adsorbing components comprise carbon dioxide.
- the inventive method is particularly suitable for the separation of water and / or hydrocarbons from gas mixtures such as biogas, exhaust gas from gas scrubbing or amine scrubbing or gas mixtures from natural sources such as pits or tunnels and gas fields.
- gas mixtures such as biogas, exhaust gas from gas scrubbing or amine scrubbing or gas mixtures from natural sources such as pits or tunnels and gas fields.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention therefore comprises that the first and / or the second and / or the second and / or the third adsorption are each formed as a container with tube bundles, wherein the respective adsorbent filled in an interior of the tubes forming the tube bundle is and the respective heat transfer fluid flow flows around the tubes or vice versa.
- a tube bundle heat exchanger can be used, in which an adsorbent is provided in the tubes and the heat transfer fluid flows on the shell side of the tubes.
- tube internal diameters between 2.6 and 4.9 cm or 10 cm can be used in such an arrangement, but also in the arrangements with tube bundles explained below.
- a use of fins on the pipe inside to increase the heat transfer surface to the adsorbent out and thus be provided for faster heating or cooling of the adsorbent in principle, however, it is also possible to have a corresponding one
- Tube bundle arrangement in such a way that the heat transfer fluid or a corresponding heat transfer fluid flow flows in the tubes and the adsorbent is provided on the shell side.
- additional fins may be provided which, in this case, however, are arranged in particular on the outside of the pipe in order to increase the heat transfer surface to the adsorbent.
- the temperature change adsorption plant according to the invention or, according to a corresponding process can also be at least one further separation step be assigned.
- a residual gas which is formed by the temperature change adsorption according to the present invention, be processed by means of a membrane system, for example, supraschleusen residues of carbon dioxide as permeate.
- a methane-containing retentate formed in this process can be conducted at high pressure to the feed gas or to the product gas.
- the heat transfer fluid used in the context of the present invention in the form of heat transfer fluid streams can be formed from water or steam.
- the use of particular synthetic, thermal oils is possible. The particular use depends in particular on the temperatures to be achieved in corresponding installations.
- the adsorbent or adsorbents can be provided in the context of the present invention, for example in the form of granules or packs. Zeolites, activated carbons, silica gels, algae or organometallic frameworks are particularly suitable.
- the present invention can be provided that caused by the first and / or the second and / or the third heat exchange pressure changes can be compensated.
- heating with simultaneous removal of gas from the respective adsorption unit or units can be carried out, so that the pressure in the adsorption unit or units can be kept constant or lowered despite desorption and thermal expansion.
- a cooling with simultaneous supply of gas in the adsorption or the respective units is possible, so that the pressure in the adsorption or adsorption despite adsorption of gas on the adsorbent and contraction of the gas due to the sinking
- Temperature can be kept constant or increases. This is especially true if the adsorption space is heated or cooled as a closed system (cooling and adsorption in this case lead to a reduction in pressure and heating to a pressure increase in the adsorption space.)
- the present invention may also include, during or after the heating of the adsorbent, purge the same with purified product to promote desorption.
- Another aspect, within the scope of the present invention can be realized, is the increase of the feed gas stream, so the
- Gas mixture flow which is processed in the system, during the phases rinsing and / or pressure build-up, so as to prevent a collapse of the product flow during these steps and to ensure a constant product flow at the outlet of the plant.
- At least two adsorption units can be operated simultaneously in the adsorption mode, ie the first operating mode, in order in this way in particular to change the concentration and / or volume flow and / or
- At least a portion of the residual gas can be burned in a heater and thereby a portion of the heat transfer fluid or a corresponding heat transfer fluid flow are heated with at least a portion of the heat released.
- This heat transfer fluid can then be used for indirect heating of the adsorber.
- the total volume of all buffer containers for the heat transfer fluid corresponds to at least the total volume of heat transfer fluid in the adsorbers (based on all adsorber together).
- vapor or cooling towers with an open (water) circuit for cooling the heat transfer fluid.
- the cooling of the heat transfer fluid takes place indirectly via a heat exchanger.
- air coolers for cooling the heat transfer fluid may be provided.
- the present invention also proposes a
- Such a temperature change adsorption plant is characterized by means which enable it to operate according to one of the previously explained methods or corresponding embodiments.
- Other features and benefits a corresponding Temperaturcicadsorptionsstrom therefore referenced in detail to the above explanations.
- FIG. 1 A shows a temperature-change adsorption plant according to a
- Embodiment of the invention in a first period of an operating clock.
- FIG. 1B illustrates the system according to FIG. 1A in a second period of the operating cycle illustrated in FIG. 1A.
- a temperature swing adsorption plant 100 is according to a
- Essential components of the thermal swing adsorption plant 100 are a first adsorption unit A1, a second adsorption unit A2 and a third adsorption unit A3. As explained, however, the present invention is not limited to the use of only or exactly three adsorption units.
- the first adsorption unit A1 is operated in the first operating mode explained in detail above, ie, a separation of a gas mixture flow, which is denoted G here, and which is subjected to an adsorptive mass transfer for this purpose.
- a separation of a gas mixture flow which is denoted G here, and which is subjected to an adsorptive mass transfer for this purpose.
- Snapshot is further heated, the second adsorption unit A2 to desorb adsorbed components, so it is operated in the above-explained in detail second mode.
- the third adsorption unit A3 is cooled at the illustrated timing to prepare it for use in separating a gas mixture flow (the gas mixture flow G that flows through the first adsorption unit A1 in the illustrated operation stroke). It is therefore operated in the first mode.
- the snapshot corresponds for example to an operating cycle of a corresponding method.
- the adsorption unit A3 cooled in the illustrated operating cycle can be used for the adsorption, that is, operated in the first operating mode, whereas the previously regenerated adsorption unit A2 can be cooled, in other words operated in the third operating mode, and previously used Adsorption used adsorption A1 can be heated, so operated in the second mode.
- Adsorption A1 operated such that a gas mixture flow G is passed through an adsorption of this first adsorption and subjected to an adsorptive mass transfer with at least one adsorbent in the adsorption of the first adsorption. This is done at least partially
- a first heat transfer fluid flow here designated W1
- W1 a first heat transfer fluid flow
- Heat transfer fluid flow W1 indirectly transferred to the at least one adsorbent.
- Flier there is a heating of the at least one adsorbent.
- a second heat transfer fluid flow here denoted by W2 is conducted at a second temperature level through a heat exchange arrangement in the first adsorption unit A1 and thereby subjected to indirect heat exchange with the at least one adsorbent present there
- a third heat transfer fluid flow here denoted by W3, is guided at a third temperature level, which can correspond to the second temperature level, through a heat exchange arrangement in the third adsorption unit A3 and thereby subjected to indirect heat exchange with at least one adsorbent in an adsorption of the third adsorption.
- heat from the at least one adsorbent is indirectly transferred to the third heat carrier fluid flow W2.
- Heat transfer fluid circuit 20 is provided. These heat transfer fluid circuits 10, 20 are respectively coupled to a first ("warm”) buffer tank P1 and a second (“cold”) buffer tank P2.
- the first heat transfer fluid flow W1 at the first temperature level is at least partly taken from the first buffer tank P1 in a first period illustrated in FIG. 1A, but also in a second period illustrated in FIG. 1B explained in the second adsorption unit A2 used.
- the second heat carrier fluid flow W2 at the second temperature level which is below the first temperature level, at least partially removed from the second buffer container P2 and then as explained in the first
- Adsorption A1 used.
- the third heat transfer fluid flow W3 is at the third temperature level, which, as mentioned several times, the second temperature level, at least partially removed from the second buffer tank and then used as explained in the third adsorption unit A3.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B in each case with bold arrows can be identified in particular by symbolically illustrated here
- Three-way valves V1 to V6 are set.
- the flow direction within the Adsorptionsakuen A1 to A3 can, as shown, be from top to bottom, but also from bottom to top. In the corresponding
- Heat transfer fluid circuits 10 and 20 are each further a pump 11 and 21 and a heat exchanger 12 and 22 integrated. A flowing amount of fluid can
- the first heat carrier fluid stream W1 downstream of the second adsorption unit A2 is at least partially supplied to the second buffer container P2, whereas in the second period shown in FIG. 1B is illustrated, at least partially, the first buffer container P1.
- the second heat carrier fluid flow W2 after downstream of the first adsorption unit A1 is preferably at least partially supplied to the second buffer container P2 both in the first and in the second period according to FIGS. 1A and 1B.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18020044.6A EP3520881A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
| PCT/EP2019/025011 WO2019149445A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2019-01-10 | Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3746210A1 true EP3746210A1 (de) | 2020-12-09 |
Family
ID=61163468
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18020044.6A Withdrawn EP3520881A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
| EP19702178.5A Pending EP3746210A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2019-01-10 | Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18020044.6A Withdrawn EP3520881A1 (de) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Verfahren zur trennung eines gasgemischstroms mittels temperaturwechseladsorption und temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11772036B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3520881A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3088717A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019149445A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018006960A1 (de) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-03-05 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage und Temperaturwechseladsorptionsanlage |
| EP4074407A1 (de) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-19 | Linde GmbH | Gasbehandlungsverfahren und verfahrensanordnung |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1954056A (en) * | 1930-11-18 | 1934-04-10 | Chester F Hockley | Adsorber system |
| US2157565A (en) * | 1936-02-20 | 1939-05-09 | Gas Light & Coke Co | Treatment of gases with adsorbent solids |
| US4233038A (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1980-11-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Reactivation system for water-carbon dioxide adsorbers |
| US6630012B2 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2003-10-07 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method for thermal swing adsorption and thermally-enhanced pressure swing adsorption |
| US20030037672A1 (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-02-27 | Shivaji Sircar | Rapid thermal swing adsorption |
| US7744677B2 (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2010-06-29 | Prometheus Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for processing methane and other gases |
| FR2969008B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-07-26 | Air Liquide | Procede pour une epuration finale de biogaz |
| WO2017012703A1 (de) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Adsorbens für ein temperaturwechseladsorptionsverfahren |
| US10029204B2 (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-07-24 | GE Oil & Gas, Inc. | Regenerating sieve material used for processing natural gas |
-
2018
- 2018-01-31 EP EP18020044.6A patent/EP3520881A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-01-10 WO PCT/EP2019/025011 patent/WO2019149445A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-01-10 EP EP19702178.5A patent/EP3746210A1/de active Pending
- 2019-01-10 US US16/962,938 patent/US11772036B2/en active Active
- 2019-01-10 CA CA3088717A patent/CA3088717A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2020124419A3 (de) | 2022-03-28 |
| WO2019149445A1 (de) | 2019-08-08 |
| US20210053008A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
| RU2020124419A (ru) | 2022-01-24 |
| EP3520881A1 (de) | 2019-08-07 |
| CA3088717A1 (en) | 2019-08-08 |
| US11772036B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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