EP3741957B1 - Structure sustentatrice modulaire - Google Patents

Structure sustentatrice modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3741957B1
EP3741957B1 EP18901499.6A EP18901499A EP3741957B1 EP 3741957 B1 EP3741957 B1 EP 3741957B1 EP 18901499 A EP18901499 A EP 18901499A EP 3741957 B1 EP3741957 B1 EP 3741957B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adjustable rod
rod cylinder
supporting structure
modular supporting
bracing
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EP18901499.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3741957A1 (fr
EP3741957A4 (fr
Inventor
Alvise Petrucco
Daniel Pilotto
Rino Stefanutti
Vincenzo PERROTTA ORGNANI
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Petrucco SA
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Petrucco SA
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Publication of EP3741957A1 publication Critical patent/EP3741957A1/fr
Publication of EP3741957A4 publication Critical patent/EP3741957A4/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to a provisional modular supporting structure for a railway line that carries circulating traffic while the work beneath the in-service railway tracks is being executed.
  • the supporting infrastructure takes the form of a set of dismountable stiffening or bracing rails disposed parallel to the railway tracks on the outside of the tracks which are attached to the tracks by means of flanges and braced by crossbeams disposed in between the sleepers of the railway tracks attaching the two sets of bracing rails together to support the weight of circulating railway traffic.
  • Wooden wedges sometimes have to be driven between the cross-braces and the track sleepers to ensure the proper level or superelevation of the railway tracks while the box is being cast and pushed into position.
  • the bracing rails are supported on the ends of the crossbeams by a mechanical fastening assembly attaching the ends of the crossbeams to the bracing rails.
  • D2 ( WO2012/052571 A1 ) discoses a temporary support structure which provisionally supports the rail tracks in use when work is carried out under the tracks, such as the jacking of a box of reinforced concrete for eliminating a railroad crossing.
  • D3 discloses a support arrangement for location in a zone for support of railway tracks, in which at least first longitudinal metal girders are placed parallel to a track line via the part external to each track line, such that they are braced by at least one second perpendicular metal girder that is shorter than the first longitudinal girders, and the connection of each longitudinal girder to an end of the perpendicular girder is achieved by means of a mechanical securing means.
  • EP1621671 A2 discloses a high safety, modular system for provisionally supporting working railway tracks during under-track works.
  • infrastructures such as underpasses under the railway tracks a number of rails are arranged in a parallel arrangement with respect to the railway track, said rails being inferiorly connected to each other by a transversal rail section, this system being nevertheless hard to implement and lacking in solidity.
  • the modular system of the invention comprises a plurality of loadbearing crossbeams being arranged in an inferior and transversal arrangement with respect to the railway track rails, said loadbearing crossbeams being parallel to the crossties, and a number of pairs of longitudinal staying beams being arranged in a parallel arrangement with respect to the railway track rails in the middle area between them and at both their sides, said staying beams resting on the plurality of loadbearing crossbeams, the loadbearing crossbeams and the staying beams being joined together by means of lowerable steel blocks.
  • D5 ( ES2151364 A1 ) discloses a support for a railway track while building a passage underneath.
  • a bridge structure which supports the track between two appropriately distanced points thereof in accordance with the excavation necessary for the passage to be installed underneath and is embodied in a pair of longitudinal latticework beams, arranged on both sides of the track, which rest on shoes of provisional foundation located in correspondence with its ends, through height adjustment means which allow said longitudinal beams to rise, after the initial mounting thereof, so as also to drag upwards a series of transverse profiles set between both longitudinal beams and which in the maximum upper limit position rest on the lower face of the rails, between each pair of sleepers, constituting the direct support means of said rails, from which the sleepers remain suspended when the excavation under the "bridge" is implemented.
  • D6 discloses an apparatus for the vertical and lateral movement of a section of railway track. Gripping members are operated to grip the two lines of rails. The gripping members are mounted on at least one support frame connected by articulated connecting members to the chassis of a track maintenance vehicle movable on the track. The support frame is movable both vertically and laterally relative to the vehicle under the action of lifting members or lining members, to move said track section and to bring it into a predetermined reference position.
  • the apparatus comprises in combination vertical and lateral support members connected to the support frame to guide the same and supported on at least one line of rails and guidance and control members for moving each gripping member relative to the support frame in directing both vertical and transverse to the track.
  • the support for formwork for bridges with gull wing section is characterized by both the horizontal beams of the formwork support and the inclined beams joining the central section of the formwork with the upper sections of the wings, are constituted by beams adjustable in length, the inclined beams being articulated with respect to the lower and upper beams of the wings of the formwork to allow the adjustment of the angle by means of rotation, obtaining a structure of formwork for bridges adjustable in transverse width, as well as in the length of the inclined sections and in the inclination of the same in the same work.
  • This invention is intended to solve or diminish one or more of the drawbacks referred to above by providing a provisional modular supporting structure for in-service railway tracks for when work is being carried out beneath the tracks, as claimed in the claims.
  • the modular supporting structure confers strength, robustness, stiffness, and stability on the section of railway above the work beneath the tracks, ensuring the gauge and cant of the running surface of the in-service tracks and allowing easy disassembly without having to move the tracks.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a modular supporting structure to temporarily support a section of in-service railway track during work underneath the tracks, for instance, to eliminate a level crossing, such that the in-service tracks have the same service conditions for railway traffic as before the work was started, thus making it unnecessary for railway vehicles to perform special manoeuvres when passing over the section of railway track where work is in progress.
  • the dismountable modular supporting structure ensures proper stability, stiffness, and sturdiness of the section of in-service railway track where work is being carried out beneath the track.
  • the adjusting assembly is configured to be disposed in between two consecutive railway sleepers beneath the in-service railway tracks, and it is adapted so as to adjust the gauge and cant of the in-service tracks relative to the plane of the running surface and to hold the tracks in their in-service position while work is being carried out underneath the railway tracks without a supporting bed.
  • Modular supporting structure 11 comprises a plurality of height-adjusting assemblies 18 arranged crosswise perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of railway tracks 12.
  • Dismountable adjusting assembly 18 is configured to be disassembled from pairs of stiffening or bracing rails 16, 161, 162 running parallel outside in-service railway tracks 12 and at least one crossbeam or crosspiece 14 configured to be dismountable from bracing rails 16.
  • Crossbeams 14 and the adjusting assemblies 18 support and fasten railway tracks 12 and are disposed in the manner of extra sleepers added to the original sleepers 15.
  • crossbeams 14 and adjusting assemblies 18 are disposed perpendicularly to bracing rails 16, 161, 162 in between the sleepers 15 for the in-service railway tracks 12.
  • crosswise adjusting assembly 18 is mechanically assembled to longitudinal bracing rails 161, 162.
  • the assemblies are assembled using a plurality of articulated joints that enable the adjusting assembly 18 to rotate relative to the longitudinal axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of bracing rail 16.
  • Both adjusting assembly 18 and crossbeam 14 are configured to be installed in between two successive sleepers 15, and an adjusting assembly 18 and a crossbeam 14 may be spaced by at least one sleeper 15 for in-service railway tracks 12, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • At least two adjusting assemblies 18 or two crossbeams 14 may be installed successively, separated by a sleeper 15.
  • both adjusting assembly 18 and crossbeam 14 are configured to be installed underneath railway tracks 12 in the space existing between two successive sleepers 15.
  • Bracing rails 16, 161, 162 have a heavy-duty cross-section composed of an [-shaped profile and an J-shaped angle profile with a connecting web; that is, a _[-shaped cross-section, with an inner seating flange 391 and an outer seating flange 392 defining a lower seating flange 39.
  • Bracing rail 161, 162 is buttressed by a plurality of inner sections 37 arranged along the rail's length having a heavy-duty elevational section in the manner of a triangle in shape, such as a right triangle truncated at the top, mechanically joining inner seating flange 391 to the inner surface of the connecting web of bracing rail 161, 162 and a plurality of external sections 38 arranged along the rail's length having a heavy-duty elevational section in the manner of a rectangular parallelepiped mechanically joining the flanges of the heavy-duty [-shaped section to the outer surface of the connecting web of bracing rail 161, 162.
  • Lower seating flanges 39 of bracing rails 161, 162 may be installed under the tracks at a different or the same distance from the plane of the running surface of railway tracks 12.
  • Bracing rails 161, 162 comprise a plurality of metal sections 37, 38 distributed regularly along the length of bracing rails 161, 162 configured to mechanically join the flanges to the web of bracing rails 161, 162.
  • Adjusting assembly 18 is configured to adjust the height of modular supporting structure 11 and comprises a first adjustable rod cylinder 32 disposed crosswise to bracing rails 161, 162, the ends of the cylinder being respectively attached to lower drill holes 372 in inner section 37 using mechanical fastening means; an anchor plate 35 in the form of a rectangular strip is attached to the outer upper surface of first adjustable rod cylinder 32 in the vicinity of the middle of the cylinder which has at least two drill holes 351, 352 symmetrically disposed in parallel on the distal ends of anchor plate 35; a second adjustable rod cylinder 33 is attached to an upper drill hole 371 in inner section 37 using mechanical fastening means, and the opposite end of second cylinder 33 is attached to a drill hole 351 in anchor plate 35; and a third adjustable rod cylinder 34 is attached to an upper drill hole 36 in inner section 37 using mechanical fastening means, and the opposite end of third cylinder 34 is attached to a drill hole 352 in anchor plate 35.
  • the second and third adjustable rod cylinders 33, 34 respectively form an acute angle with first adjustable rod cylinder 32 that is oriented perpendicularly relative to the plane of the running surface, and the two acute angles thus formed need not be the same.
  • Inner section 37 comprises at least one upper drill hole 371 and one lower drill hole 372 which are not aligned relative to a vertical axis parallel to the vertical leg of inner section 37.
  • Upper and lower drill holes 371, 372 have a shape that allows mechanical fastening means 23 in the manner of a pin, rod, clip, bolt, threaded screw, or the like to be inserted; the mechanical joint is configured for fastening first adjustable rod cylinder 32, second adjustable rod cylinder 33, and third adjustable rod cylinder 34 and to allow them to rotate relative to an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the railway tracks.
  • Adjusting assembly 18 is disposed in between sleepers 15 for railway tracks 12 initially in the collapsed position; that is, second and third adjustable rod cylinders 33, 34 are disposed parallel to first adjustable rod cylinder 32; the distal ends of second and third adjustable rod cylinders 33, 34 are subsequently raised vertically into their working positions relative to the longitudinal axis of the railway tracks and are attached to the corresponding upper drill holes 371 on inner sections 37 on bracing rails 161, 162 using the mechanical fastening means.
  • First, second, and third adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34 are configured as adjustable struts to support and hold firm bracing rails 16, 161, 162, thereby anchoring in-service tracks 12 and holding the plane of the running surface of tracks 12 in place, done by adjusting the length of each adjustable rod cylinder 32, 33, 34.
  • adjusting assembly 18 is a triangulated arrangement joined together in the form of triangles and subjected to the forces of traction and compression, being equipped with mechanisms for adjusting the height of and for locking railway tracks 12 relative to the bed that supports tracks 12.
  • first, second, and third adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34 are formed by tightening members screwed into threaded sleeves, such that the tightening members are moveable between a maximum and a minimum length of the threaded sleeves of first, second, and third adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34, respectively, which are attached by their ends to bracing rails 161, 162 and anchor plate 35 so as to adjust the height of the plane of the running surface of in-service railway tracks 12.
  • first, second, and third adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34 comprise adjustable tightening members that cooperate mechanically with each other to adjust the length of adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34 so as to laterally tighten bracing rails 161, 162, which cooperate mechanically with crossbeams 14 to anchor or hold in place a given track gauge and a given cant of the plane of the running surface while work is in progress underneath the tracks without interfering with railway traffic.
  • each adjustable rod cylinder 32, 33, 34 is transmitted to bracing rails 161, 162 through the ends of adjustable rod cylinders 32, 33, 34, respectively, so as to hold tension constant and compensate for changes in length from the deflection exerted by rolling stock running over the section of in-service railway track 12 where work is being carried out underneath the railway tracks.
  • bracing rails 16 are respectively disposed along the outer edge of in-service railway tracks 12 and are oriented perpendicularly relative to the plane of the running surface towards the bed supporting tracks 12.
  • Crossbeams 14 support sleepers 15 in the working or service position and cooperate mechanically with adjusting assembly 18 to keep the track gauge fixed.
  • Modular supporting structure 11 comprises a plurality of crossbeams 14 which are disposed below railway tracks 12 in between sleepers 15 supporting railway tracks 12 in working position; they are oriented perpendicularly relative to the axis of the railway line in the direction of thrust of cast concrete box 13, such that the loads from rolling stock are transmitted onto the plurality of bracing rails 16 disposed parallel to railway tracks 12.
  • crossbeam 14 has a heavy-duty cross-section in the form of an H profile comprising flanges mechanically joined to a web.
  • the opposite ends of the web of crossbeam 14 bear at least one oblong drill hole 41 horizontally elongated towards the central vertical axis of crossbeam 14 for dismountable attachment and mechanical fastening of crossbeam 14 to bracing rails 16, 161, 162.
  • Bracing rails 16 comprise a plurality of sockets 22 distributed regularly along the web to connect the pair of bracing rails 16 along their lengths by means of crossbeams 14.
  • Bracing rails 16 and crossbeams 14 cooperate mechanically to secure the track gauge, holding in-service tracks 12 and sleepers 15 in working position while work is in progress underneath railway tracks 12.
  • Each end of a crossbeam 14 is inserted into and rests in a socket 22 on a bracing rail 16, being dismountably fastened by inserting mechanical fastening means 23 into the corresponding oblong drill holes 41.
  • bracing rail 16 comprises a large number of sockets 22
  • a large number of crossbeams 14 can be accommodated, and with them more support for modular supporting structure 11 and hence more immobility imparted to in-service railway tracks 12.
  • sockets 22 on the web of bracing rail 16 depend on the size of crossbeams 14 that are dismountably lodged in sockets 22 and the relative position of crossbeams 14 in between sleepers 15.
  • Sockets 22 may be circular, hexagonal, octagonal, or the like in shape in function of their purpose of furnishing a mechanical seat for crossbeam 14.
  • Crossbeam 14 is a beam that has an I, double I, double T , or similar shaped section.
  • bracing rail 16 allows crossbeams 14 to be installed both underneath in-service railway tracks 12 in between sleepers 15 after the ballast between sleepers 15 has been removed, before or after bracing rails 16 have been installed parallel to railway tracks 12.
  • Bracing rails 16 may be supported on vertical bearings 21 installed along the outside of in-service railway tracks 12.
  • the pairs of bracing rails 16 are positioned adjacent to and outside railway tracks 12 for final positioning of the modular supporting structure assembly.
  • bracing rails 16 When bracing rails 16, adjusting assemblies 18, and crossbeams 14 are in position for assembly, the whole is fastened into place using the corresponding mechanical fastening members, and crossbeams 14, adjusting assemblies 18, and bracing rails 16 are fixed in their relative positions.
  • the load transmission system is designed so that modular supporting structure 11 forms a grate capable of supporting in-service railway tracks 12 and the railway vehicles that run along railway tracks 12.
  • the loads generated are transmitted by the modular supporting structure to a plurality of manoeuvring beams 17, allowing box 13 to be cast and driven into position below in-service railway tracks 12.
  • the modular supporting structure rests on metal manoeuvring beams 17 parallel to the direction of thrust of box 13.
  • Manoeuvring beams 17 are initially supported on the further end on a previously built foundation resting on groups of micropiles and on the other end using sliding bearings on the box itself.
  • Manoeuvring beams 17 need to safely bear all the loads of modular supporting structure 11 and rail traffic in their entirety within the admissible deformation tolerances for train service over railway tracks 12.
  • the provisional modular supporting structure 11 should be long enough to allow the excavation required to be able to push box 13 into position. Therefore, several modular supporting structures like the one described above can be positioned adjacent to each other to achieve the objective of supporting the tracks and transmitting loads from circulating traffic running over the tracks, inasmuch as there is a predetermined maximum length for the first longitudinal rails to obtain optimum results.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Structure de support modulaire provisoire pour supporter un tronçon de voie ferrée (12) pendant que des travaux sont en cours sous les voies ferrées ; comprenant une pluralité de (14) supports dans des douilles respectives (22) réparties le long de l'âme de rails d'entretoisement (16, 161, 162), caractérisée en ce que la structure de support modulaire (11) comprend au moins un ensemble de réglage (18) configuré de façon à pouvoir être démonté des rails d'entretoisement (16, 161, 162), lequel ensemble comprend un premier vérin à tige réglable (32) disposé transversalement aux rails d'entretoisement (161, 162), un deuxième vérin à tige réglable (33) et un troisième vérin à tige réglable (34) pour régler la hauteur de la structure de support modulaire (11) au plan de la surface de roulement dans la position de travail de la structure de support modulaire 2- Ia the il Z (11).
  2. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les extrémités du premier cylindre à tige réglable (32) sont respectivement fixées à des sections intérieures (37) des rails d'entretoisement (161, 162) à l'aide d'éléments de fixation mécaniques ; une plaque d'ancrage (35) en forme de bande rectangulaire est fixée à la surface supérieure extérieure au milieu du premier cylindre à tige réglable (32) et présente au moins un premier trou de perçage (351) et un second trou de perçage (352) symétrique et parallèle aux extrémités distales de l'ancrage plaque (35) ; le second cylindre à tige réglable (33) est fixé à un trou de perçage supérieur (371) dans la section interne (37) d'un rail d'entretoisement (161) à l'aide d'un élément de fixation mécanique, et l'extrémité opposée du second cylindre à tige réglable (33) est fixée au premier trou de perçage (351) dans la plaque d'ancrage (35) ; et le troisième cylindre à tige réglable (34) est fixé à un second trou de perçage supérieur (36) dans la section interne (37) d'un autre rail d'entretoisement (162) à l'aide un élément de fixation mécanique, et l'extrémité opposée du troisième cylindre à tige réglable (34) est fixée au second trou de perçage (352) dans la plaque d'ancrage (35).
  3. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les deuxième et troisième cylindres de tige réglables (33, 34) forment un angle aigu avec le premier cylindre de tige réglable (32) qui est orienté perpendiculairement au plan de la surface de roulement dans la position de travail de la structure de support modulaire (11).
  4. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le premier vérin à tige réglable (32),le second cylindre à tige réglable (33) et le troisième cylindre à tige réglable (34) comprennent des éléments de serrage réglables qui coopèrent mécaniquement l'un avec l'autre pour régler les longueurs des cylindres à tige réglable (32, 33, 34) de manière à serrer latéralement les rails d'entretoisement (161, 162), pour fixer et maintenir en place un écartement de voie donné et un dévers donné du plan de la surface de roulement pendant que le travail est en cours sous les voies.
  5. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le premier vérin à tige réglable (32), le deuxième vérin à tige réglable (33) et le troisième vérin à tige réglable (34) sont des entretoises réglables qui peuvent être fixées par les extrémités correspondantes aux sections intérieures (37), et les extrémités opposées correspondantes du deuxième vérin à tige réglable (33) et du troisième vérin à tige réglable (34) peuvent être fixées à la plaque d'ancrage (35).
  6. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les rails d'entretoisement (16, 161, 162) ont une section transversale robuste composée d'un profil en forme de [- formé et d'un profil d'angle en forme de] et d'une entretoise de liaison, d'une section de bride d'appui inférieure (391) et d'une section de bride d'appui extérieure (392) définissant une bride d'appui intérieure (39).
  7. Structure de support modulaire selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisée en ce que la section intérieure (37) est configurée pour joindre mécaniquement la surface intérieure de la nervure de liaison à la section de la bride d'assise inférieure (391) et est de forme triangulaire.
  8. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le tronçon intérieur (37) comprend au moins un trou de perçage supérieur (371) et un trou de perçage inférieur (372) qui ne sont pas alignés par rapport à un axe vertical parallèle à la branche verticale du tronçon intérieur (37).
  9. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que des trous de perçage supérieur et inférieur (371, 372) sont configurés pour fixer les extrémités correspondantes du premier vérin à tige réglable (32), du deuxième vérin à tige réglable (33) et du troisième vérin à tige réglable (34) et pour leur permettre de tourner par rapport à la section intérieure (37) de la Z le long d'un axe parallèle aux rails d'entretoisement (16).
  10. Structure de support modulaire selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que des trous de perçage supérieurs ou inférieurs (371, 372) sont configurés pour permettre l'insertion d'un élément de fixation mécanique tels qu'une goupille, une tige, une agrafe, un boulon ou une vis filetée.
EP18901499.6A 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 Structure sustentatrice modulaire Active EP3741957B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2018/070037 WO2019141882A1 (fr) 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 Structure sustentatrice modulaire

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3741957A1 EP3741957A1 (fr) 2020-11-25
EP3741957A4 EP3741957A4 (fr) 2021-08-18
EP3741957B1 true EP3741957B1 (fr) 2023-02-22

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EP18901499.6A Active EP3741957B1 (fr) 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 Structure sustentatrice modulaire

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP3741957B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2018403511B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2996203A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2945957T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT3741957T (fr)
WO (1) WO2019141882A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115354662B (zh) * 2022-09-14 2023-10-27 湖北萨莱玛木结构工程有限公司 一种木屋地基防潮施工工装

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH536901A (fr) * 1971-12-03 1973-05-15 Matisa Materiel Ind Sa Dispositif pour le déplacement aussi bien vertical que latéral d'une section de voie ferrée
ES2151364B1 (es) * 1997-10-27 2001-06-16 Alicantina De Construcciones I Apeo de via ferrea para ejecucion de pasos inferiores.
ES2261024B1 (es) * 2004-07-29 2007-09-16 Atros España, S.A. Sistema modular de alta seguridad para soporte provisional de vias ferreas en circulacion durante los trabajos bajo via.
ES2504265T3 (es) * 2006-05-29 2014-10-08 Petrucco S.A. Disposición de sustentación
ES2338618B1 (es) * 2008-01-24 2011-03-11 Sistemas Tecnicos De Encofrados Sa Soporte para el encofrado de puentes para vias de transito.
US8459570B2 (en) * 2010-07-29 2013-06-11 Petrucco, S.A. Supporting arrangement
NO2631424T3 (fr) * 2010-10-20 2018-04-28

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112020014241A2 (pt) 2020-12-08
PT3741957T (pt) 2023-05-09
EP3741957A1 (fr) 2020-11-25
AU2018403511B2 (en) 2024-08-29
ES2945957T3 (es) 2023-07-11
CA2996203A1 (fr) 2019-07-17
AU2018403511A1 (en) 2020-07-30
WO2019141882A1 (fr) 2019-07-25
EP3741957A4 (fr) 2021-08-18

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