EP3737510B1 - Vorrichtung zum ausschleusen von schlechtprodukten aus einem produktstrom - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum ausschleusen von schlechtprodukten aus einem produktstrom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3737510B1
EP3737510B1 EP19700852.7A EP19700852A EP3737510B1 EP 3737510 B1 EP3737510 B1 EP 3737510B1 EP 19700852 A EP19700852 A EP 19700852A EP 3737510 B1 EP3737510 B1 EP 3737510B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product stream
unit
products
detection unit
conforming articles
Prior art date
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EP19700852.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3737510A1 (de
Inventor
Matthias Jeindl
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Insort GmbH
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Insort GmbH
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Priority to PL19700852T priority Critical patent/PL3737510T3/pl
Publication of EP3737510A1 publication Critical patent/EP3737510A1/de
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16Sleeper-tamping machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/367Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means
    • B07C5/368Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means actuated independently
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for discharging bad products from a product stream of good products and bad products moving in the direction of transport.
  • a device for ejecting bad products from a product stream of good products and bad products moving in the transport direction which comprises an optical recognition unit, a computer unit, a first ejecting unit formed by a compressed air unit and a second ejecting unit formed by a controllable mechanical lever.
  • the optical recognition unit, the computer unit, the first and the second discharge unit are connected to one another for the exchange of data.
  • the first and the second discharge unit are arranged in the transport direction after the optical recognition unit on the product flow.
  • the first discharge unit and the second discharge unit are arranged adjacent to one another on the same side of the product flow, the first discharge unit being arranged in front of the second discharge unit in the transport direction.
  • the optical recognition unit records the product flow and continuously transmits the resulting optical data to the computer unit.
  • the computer unit processes the optical data, detects bad products in the product flow in real time and controls the compressed air unit and / or the mechanical lever to remove the bad products from the product flow.
  • Such a device is used, for example, to sort out fruits or vegetables.
  • the patent US 9,452,450 B2 was also called EP 2 396 124 B1 released.
  • the discharge units may only have a small size. Due to the small possible size of the discharge units, however, there is the disadvantage that, especially with very small and very large, heavy products, the performance of the discharge units, both in terms of discharged mass and speed, is too low to discharge bad products from the product flow. It would indeed be possible to increase the distance between the discharge units, but this would lead to an undesired elongation of the device, whereby a Use of such a device in a higher-level system, for example a washing, sorting and packaging system, would not be possible due to limited installation requirements. In addition, the closely spaced discharge units make maintenance of the discharge units more difficult, since they are difficult to access.
  • the document DE 195 16 569 A1 discloses a device for discharging bad products from a product stream of good products and bad products moving in a transport direction according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Another problem with sorting devices is that the bad products can have a wide variety of shapes, dimensions and weights and it is therefore difficult, often even impossible, to construct discharge units that are suitable for discharging all the bad products occurring in practice in a product flow.
  • a compressed air discharge unit and a deflection element discharge unit are arranged on opposite sides of the product flow.
  • the discharge units can be designed to be more efficient, as a result of which very small and very large, heavy products can also be reliably discharged from the product flow.
  • the accessibility to the discharge units is improved, as a result of which they can be serviced better and more easily.
  • a particularly important advantage of the invention is that a higher degree of discharge accuracy is achieved.
  • the compressed air discharge unit is advantageously used for small bad products which can be precisely deflected by an air flow.
  • bad products are characterized in particular by a low mass with a comparatively small surface or a small surface with a comparatively small mass.
  • the deflecting element discharge unit has at least one actuator which has the at least one Deflecting element adjusted between a first position and a second position, the deflecting element protruding into the product flow in the first position and being arranged outside the product flow in the second position, the good products being deflected in the first position.
  • a passive system because it deflects the good product from the product flow, while the path of the bad product in the product flow is not influenced by the deflecting elements.
  • This passive system has the advantage that the discharge units and the associated control can be optimized for the good product, which is usually known in terms of shape and weight.
  • the bad product on the other hand, can consist of very different products, which would make optimizing the deflecting elements much more difficult, but is not necessary according to the invention because the bad product does not come into contact with the deflecting elements.
  • those bad products are passively discharged with the deflecting element discharge unit which cannot be discharged with the compressed air discharge unit. This improves the quality of the discharge, since fewer bad products remain in the product flow than with conventional sorting systems and oversorting is kept very low.
  • a sorting system which, in contrast to the passive discharge of foreign products from a product flow according to the invention, relies on the active discharge of foreign products from a product flow.
  • a system is referred to as active discharge, in which the bad product is deflected from its trajectory by the discharge units in such a way that it is removed from the product flow and conveyed into a separate path.
  • the good product however is not influenced in its path by the discharge units.
  • the active discharge of foreign products was generally used in industry up to the present invention because the experts assumed that it would largely avoid oversorting.
  • the device according to the invention minimizes the risk that foreign bodies cannot be removed from the product flow and therefore end up with the consumer, which entails expensive return actions.
  • the deflecting element discharge unit - viewed in the transport direction - is arranged after the detection unit on the product flow and is designed to discharge bad products by partially deflecting the product flow by means of at least one deflection element.
  • the sequence of the discharge units is reversed, i.e. the deflection element discharge unit is arranged in front of the compressed air discharge unit in the transport direction.
  • the deflecting element discharge unit offers a high degree of discharge security, regardless of their size, material and shape, due to the simple deflection of the bad products from the product flow, but has the disadvantage that for each discharge of bad products, products that are not intended to be discharged, ie good products are also ejected and thus an oversorting takes place.
  • the subdivision of the bad products is carried out by the computer unit, the computer unit dividing the bad products into bad products of the first order, which can be ejected easily by means of an air stream, and bad products of the second order, i.e. the remaining bad products.
  • the first-order bad products are discharged through the compressed air discharge unit, controlled by the computer unit, and the second-order bad products are discharged through the deflecting element discharge unit, controlled by the computer unit.
  • At least one recognition unit is preferably designed accordingly to detect the above features and to output corresponding property data. More precisely, in a preferred embodiment, the detection unit is designed to detect at least a partial area of a reflection or transmission spectrum when the products are irradiated with electromagnetic waves.
  • the partial range of the reflection or transmission spectrum can be light in the visible or outside the visible wavelength range, but also other electromagnetic waves such as X-rays or terahertz radiation (microwave radiation).
  • the computer unit is designed to determine both the outlines or shapes of the products contained in the product flow and the spectral composition of the products contained in the product flow from the property data of the product flow, then the computer unit advantageously determines the material from the spectral composition of the products contained in the product flow of the products and from the outlines or the shape of the products the volume of the products in order to estimate their mass from the material and the volume of the products and to make a distinction between good products, bad products of the first order and bad products of the second order based on the mass of the products.
  • the detection unit is designed as an optical detection unit for detecting light in the visible wavelength range and / or outside the visible wavelength range, it preferably comprises a hyperspectral camera and / or an RGB camera and / or a laser system.
  • a hyperspectral camera By using a combination of one A hyperspectral camera, an RGB camera and a laser system as an optical detection system can be used to distinguish between good products, bad products of the first order and bad products of the second order, since a large number of properties of the products in the product flow can be recorded with these optical systems.
  • the use of a hyperspectral camera is preferred, as it resolves a spectrum with high precision into individual narrow frequency bands and thus enables a very fine differentiation between materials.
  • a hyperspectral camera that (also) works in the near-infrared range is used, a further improvement in the material differentiation is made possible, since many materials have characteristic frequency bands in the near-infrared range.
  • a hyperspectral camera with an RGB camera and / or a laser system, the differentiation of materials can be further improved.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously comprises at least one further detection unit, the further detection unit being arranged on the side of the product flow opposite to the first detection unit.
  • This has the advantage that the product flow can be recorded even better, as a result of which the computer unit can better distinguish between good products, bad products of the first order and bad products of the second order and thus the quality of the discharge can be increased even further.
  • the cameras can also be arranged three-dimensionally, i.e. they can look at the material flow from different spatial directions.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show, in schematic views, embodiments of a device according to the invention for discharging bad products from a product stream moving in a transport direction.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for discharging bad products 2a and 2b from a product flow 3 moving in transport direction T, product flow 3 being composed of good products 4 and bad products 2a and 2b.
  • a section of the product flow 3 is shown, the product flow 3 moving along a path 14 through the device 1 and being guided in two sections through baffles 9 and 10.
  • the device 1 comprises a detection unit 5, a computer unit 6, a first discharge unit 7 and a second discharge unit 8, which are connected to one another for the exchange of data.
  • the second discharge unit 8 is arranged in the transport direction T after the first discharge unit 7 on the product flow 3 and the first discharge unit 7 and the second discharge unit 8 are arranged opposite one another on the product flow 3.
  • the second discharge unit 8 is arranged in the transport direction T in front of the first discharge unit 7 on the product flow 3.
  • the arrangement of the first discharge unit 7 and the second discharge unit 8 is advantageously adapted to the installation requirements of the device 1 in higher-level systems and / or the transport direction T of the product flow 3 and the path 14 resulting therefrom.
  • the first discharge unit 7 is designed to discharge first-order bad products 2a.
  • the first discharge unit 7 is formed by a compressed air unit which has a nozzle 11 with a valve that can be electrically controlled by the computer unit.
  • the compressed air unit is connected to a compressed air supply via supply lines (not shown).
  • the first discharge unit 7 thus represents a compressed air discharge unit Figure 1
  • the embodiment variant of the device 1 according to the invention shown only shows a first discharge unit 7, but the device 1 can also have several first discharge units 7, which can be arranged either one after the other, next to one another or offset from one another.
  • the compressed air unit has a regulating valve which is designed to regulate the intensity of a blast of compressed air emitted from the nozzle 11. The intensity can be regulated either manually or via the computer unit 6.
  • the intensity is advantageously adapted to the first-order bad products 2a to be discharged.
  • the intensity of a first-order bad product 2a with a high mass and small extent can be greater than that of a first-order bad product 2a with a low mass and small extent.
  • the second discharge unit 8 is designed for discharging bad products 2b of the second order.
  • the second discharge unit 8 is formed by an actuator, for example in the form of an electrically controllable pneumatic cylinder 12, and a deflecting element 13, the pneumatic cylinder 12 acting on the deflecting element 13 and adjusting it between a first position and a second position.
  • the second discharge unit 8 thus represents a deflecting element discharge unit.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 12 is connected to a Compressed air supply connected. In the first position the deflection element 13 protrudes into the product flow 3 and deflects it, and in the second position the deflection element 13 is arranged outside the product flow 3.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 12 is controlled by the computer unit 6 in such a way that the good products 4 are deflected in the first position and the second-order bad products 2b are discharged in the second position.
  • a discharge which discharges the bad products 2b of the second order without contact, is also referred to as a passive discharge.
  • a system is referred to as active discharge, in which the bad product is deflected from its trajectory by the discharge units in such a way that it is removed from the product flow and conveyed into a separate path.
  • the trajectory of the good product is not influenced by the discharge units.
  • Such an active discharge takes place only in the first discharge unit 7 by means of compressed air.
  • the good product is deflected, while the trajectory of the bad product is not influenced.
  • This passive system has the advantage that the discharge units and the associated control can be optimized for the good product, which is usually known in terms of shape and weight.
  • the bad product can consist of very different products, which would make optimization much more difficult. Since the trajectory of the bad product is not influenced, foreign objects such as rubber balls are also brought out more safely, since the deflection in an active system can easily lead to uncontrolled movements of elastic products, e.g. the uncontrolled jumping of the rubber ball in the system, so that the ball can finally land back in the good product.
  • the system also offers further advantages for glass, for example, as it can be discharged without splintering.
  • actuators can also be used.
  • Such actuators are known to the person skilled in the art and he knows how to select them in accordance with the intended use. The requirements for the actuators are that they can be used in the system quickly enough, with sufficient accuracy and great reliability.
  • Examples of such alternative actuators are hydraulic cylinders, solenoids, electrical drives, in particular rotary or linear drives.
  • the second discharge unit 8 is designed like a switch, depending on the nature of the products, which actively takes the good products 4 to a first discharge path deflects and actively deflects the second-order bad products 2b to a second discharge path and thus discharges them. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the second discharge unit has more than two positions and thus a returnable sorting is carried out with this discharge unit alone. (e.g .: subdivision of good products into several classes by diversion into different discharge paths and passive discharge of bad products).
  • the recognition unit 5 is designed as an optical recognition unit and has a hyperspectral camera and optionally an RGB camera or a laser system.
  • a hyperspectral camera and optionally an RGB camera or a laser system.
  • RGB camera or a laser system.
  • the above-mentioned alternative recognition units can also be used.
  • the product stream 3 is guided in the transport direction T along the path 14 through the device 1.
  • the product flow 3 is detected with the optical recognition unit 5, the resulting optical property data being continuously transmitted to the computer unit 6.
  • the optical properties include the spectral composition, the size, the shape and the color of the products contained in the product stream 3, the computer unit 6 being designed to classify the products according to their different chemical compositions on the basis of the spectral composition of the products.
  • the computer unit can refine the classification and, for example, differentiate wood residues from shell residues. Based on this classification, the computer unit 6 recognizes good products 4 as well as bad products 2a and 2b in the product flow 3 in real time, with the computer unit 6 dividing the bad products 2a and 2b into bad products 2a of the first order and bad products 2b of the second order according to the better discharge method.
  • the computer unit 6 controls the first discharge unit 7 in a further step to actively discharge the bad products 2a of the first order and the second discharge unit 8, the bad products 2b of the second Order passively discharged, as a result of which only the good products 4 remain at the end of the path 14.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of a device 15 according to the invention for discharging bad products 2a and 2b from a product flow 3 moving in the transport direction T.
  • the recognition unit 5 is divided into two housings, with a hyperspectral camera and an RGB camera, for example, being housed in the housing 5a and a laser system being housed in the housing 5b.
  • the device 15 has compared to the device 1 according to FIG Figure 1 an additional detection unit 16, which is arranged on the opposite side of the product flow 3 to the detection unit 5 and which is also divided into two housings, with a hyperspectral camera and an RGB camera, for example, being housed in housing 16a and a laser system being housed in housing 5b .
  • the detection units 5, 16 can also have other sensors instead of or in addition to optical sensors, in particular sensors for detecting electromagnetic waves outside the wavelength range of light, for example for detecting X-rays or terahertz radiation.
  • the additional detection unit 16 has the advantage that the product flow 3 can be detected even more precisely, as a result of which the computer unit 6 can better distinguish between good product 4, bad product 2a of the first order and bad product 2b of the second order and thus further increases the quality of the discharge will.
  • Elements that are the same as in the device 1 according to FIG Figure 1 are given the same reference numerals.
  • the above-described arrangement of the detection units 5, 16 in different housings on different sides of the product flow can be varied in other embodiments of the invention. For example, arrangements lying next to one another or an arrangement surrounding the product flow can also be selected, or an unlimited number of more than two poor product flows can be selected
  • the device 15 in the discharge of the bad products 2b of the second order by means of the second discharge unit 8 is a passive discharge. That is to say, the good products 4 are deflected in the first position of the deflecting element 13, whereas in the second position of the deflecting element 13 the bad products 2b of the second order are discharged from the product flow 3.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of a device 17 according to the invention for discharging bad products 2a and 2b a product stream 3 moving in the transport direction T.
  • the position of the discharge units 7 and 8 with respect to the product flow 3 is interchanged.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
EP19700852.7A 2018-01-10 2019-01-04 Vorrichtung zum ausschleusen von schlechtprodukten aus einem produktstrom Active EP3737510B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL19700852T PL3737510T3 (pl) 2018-01-10 2019-01-04 Urządzenie do odrzucania produktów wadliwych ze strumienia produktów

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50009/2018A AT520798B1 (de) 2018-01-10 2018-01-10 Vorrichtung zum Ausschleusen von Schlechtprodukten aus einem Produktstrom
PCT/AT2019/060001 WO2019136503A1 (de) 2018-01-10 2019-01-04 Vorrichtung zum ausschleusen von schlechtprodukten aus einem produktstrom

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EP3737510A1 EP3737510A1 (de) 2020-11-18
EP3737510B1 true EP3737510B1 (de) 2021-10-27

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EP19700852.7A Active EP3737510B1 (de) 2018-01-10 2019-01-04 Vorrichtung zum ausschleusen von schlechtprodukten aus einem produktstrom

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US (1) US11420234B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3737510B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN111587154B (pl)
AT (1) AT520798B1 (pl)
DK (1) DK3737510T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2904465T3 (pl)
HU (1) HUE057298T2 (pl)
PL (1) PL3737510T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2019136503A1 (pl)

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AT520798B1 (de) 2018-01-10 2024-08-15 Insort Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Ausschleusen von Schlechtprodukten aus einem Produktstrom
DE102019204278A1 (de) * 2019-03-27 2020-10-01 MTU Aero Engines AG Handhabung beschichteter Fasern für Verbundwerkstoffe
US12106468B2 (en) * 2019-10-02 2024-10-01 Prospection Solutions, LLC Foreign material inspection system
CN113739966B (zh) * 2021-08-05 2024-05-28 山东永聚医药科技股份有限公司 高分子预灌封注射器针筒应力的检测设备及检测方法

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ES2904465T3 (es) 2022-04-05
CN111587154A (zh) 2020-08-25
US11420234B2 (en) 2022-08-23
HUE057298T2 (hu) 2022-05-28
WO2019136503A1 (de) 2019-07-18
AT520798B1 (de) 2024-08-15
AT520798A1 (de) 2019-07-15
CN111587154B (zh) 2022-01-11
DK3737510T3 (da) 2022-01-24
PL3737510T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
EP3737510A1 (de) 2020-11-18
US20200368788A1 (en) 2020-11-26

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