EP3728935A1 - Procédé de détection de la présence d'hydrate de gaz dans une conduite destinée au transport de fluide d'hydrocarbure - Google Patents
Procédé de détection de la présence d'hydrate de gaz dans une conduite destinée au transport de fluide d'hydrocarbureInfo
- Publication number
- EP3728935A1 EP3728935A1 EP18833990.7A EP18833990A EP3728935A1 EP 3728935 A1 EP3728935 A1 EP 3728935A1 EP 18833990 A EP18833990 A EP 18833990A EP 3728935 A1 EP3728935 A1 EP 3728935A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- pipe
- fluid
- transported
- evolution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
- F17D1/05—Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/005—Pipe-line systems for a two-phase gas-liquid flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
- F17D1/16—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
- F17D1/18—Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence of hydrate in a conduit for hydrocarbon fluid transport and an associated detection device.
- the present invention relates in particular to submarine pipes for conveying hydrocarbon fluids between an underwater installation and a marine surface installation.
- the transport of multiphase petroleum fluids entails the risk of forming a deposit or a solid phase inside the pipe, such as hydrates or paraffins.
- the crude oil that comes out of a production well always contains a small part of water and light hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane ...) likely to form a gas hydrate.
- a known method is to locally heat the pipe where the plug is detected to melt.
- WO2016 / 188640 discloses a removable cover intended to be applied facing an outer surface of an underwater pipe placed on the bottom of the water, equipped on the one hand with a heating system, with Joule heating cables, to generate the heating necessary for the dissociation of the hydrate plugs and, on the other hand, a temperature monitoring system along the pipe, based on linear fiber sensors Distributed Temperature Sensing ("Distributed Temperature Sensing”) type optical sensors, for detecting and locating hydrate plugs.
- Distributed Temperature Sensing Distributed Temperature Sensing
- distributed Temperature Sensing distributed Temperature Sensing
- An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for monitoring and effectively treating, in a simple and inexpensive manner, the accumulation of hydrates within a hydrocarbon fluid transport line, in particular immersed in a fluid. body of water.
- the present invention proposes a method for detecting the presence of hydrates in a hydrocarbon fluid transport line, in which a system for heating the fluid transported by heating means arranged on the along the pipe and a temperature measurement system associated with the pipe, adapted to provide at regular intervals temperature values measured along the pipe, and in which the presence of at least one hydrate cap is detected in driving from the operation of said measured temperature values,
- an alert signal is developed for the presence of a hydrate plug for each identified zone.
- fluid transported means the fluid present in the pipe, regardless of whether or not this fluid is able to flow along the pipe because of the possible presence of a hydrate cap, and independently of the liquid, gaseous or even solid state of said fluid.
- the slope at the moment considered of the temporal evolution respectively global or local is equal to the first derivative with respect to the time, at the instant considered, of the temporal evolution respectively global or local.
- a characteristic of the invention lies in the temporal monitoring of the temperature of the fluid transported by the pipe and in the combination of an overall analysis and a local analysis of the evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported as a function of the time, respectively at the level of at least a portion of pipe and at local areas considered in this portion of pipe, in order to accurately detect the thermodynamic conditions of formation of hydrates.
- the local temperature is constant and the slope of local time evolution is therefore zero.
- the detection methods based solely on the detection of areas in which the slope of the local temporal evolution is zero (or very low) are not reliable, in particular because this phenomenon can occur in the region. absence of hydrate cap when the overall temperature is stabilized. In other words, a local analysis of the evolution of the fluid temperature transported over time, does not alone reliably detect a hydrate cap.
- the combination according to the present invention of an overall analysis and of a local analysis of the evolution of the temperature of the transported fluid as a function of time makes it possible to make the detection of a hydrate cap more reliable by clearly distinguishing the presence of hydrates from the presence of liquid and gas.
- the temperature of the fluid in the zones of this pipe portion in which the transported fluid is liquid or gas will increase substantially uniformly and continuously, while the Temperature in the zones of this portion of pipe comprising a hydrate cap will evolve according to two possible modes of evolution.
- the local temperature in the zone comprising a hydrate plug remains substantially constant until the complete fusion of the hydrate plug forming a step or it increases slightly with a rate of rise in temperature much lower than that of the other zones devoid of plug hydrates, which leads to the formation of a pseudo-palliation of low positive slope temperature.
- the temperature correction or pseudo-palliation is due to the fact that the hydrate fusion reaction is endothermic.
- This first mode of evolution corresponds to the case where the melting is done without significant increase in the pressure in the central part of the plug, the gas released by the melting can easily flow to a neighboring zone.
- the absolute value of the slope of the local temporal evolution is less than one third of the absolute value of the slope of the overall temporal evolution during at least the whole initial phase of the fusion of the hydrates, which makes it possible to detect the presence of the hydrate stopper at the beginning of its fusion.
- the local temperature in the zone comprising a plug of hydrates decreases suddenly and rapidly by a few degrees shortly after the initiation of the melting of the plug. hydrates, forming an endothermic peak. This endothermic peak is then followed by a pseudo-palliate temperature similar to that of the first mode of evolution that continues as the cap is not completely dissociated (molten).
- This mode corresponds to the case where during the initial phase of the melting, the gas released by the melting of the central portion of the hydrate cap is blocked in the cap and can not flow freely to a neighboring zone.
- the pressure in the central part of the plug increases substantially during the initial phase of the fusion until the fusion of the peripheral portions of the plug has created one or more channels allowing the gas present in the central part of the plug of the plug. flow to a neighboring area.
- This then causes a sudden and rapid pressure drop in the central part of the plug.
- This phenomenon of rapid depressurization being endothermic, it leads to a drop in temperature and the formation of the endothermic peak.
- This endothermic peak is advantageously revealed by a slope failure, which becomes negative, in the local temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported for the zone considered, which opposes the positive slope of the global temporal evolution of the temperature.
- the temperature of the fluid in the zones of this pipe portion in which the fluid transported consists of liquid or gas will decrease substantially uniformly and continuously, while that the temperature in the zones of this portion of pipe comprising a cap of hydrates being formed will also evolve according to two possible modes of evolution.
- the local temperature in the zone comprising a cap of hydrates being formed remains substantially constant throughout the formation of the cap of hydrate (to compensate for temperature of slope null), or it diminishes weakly with a speed much lower temperature drop than the other zones devoid of hydrate cork (pseudo-palliation of low negative slope temperature).
- the absolute value of the slope of local time evolution is less than one-third of the absolute value of the slope of the global temporal evolution during at least the whole initial phase of hydrate plug formation. , which makes it possible to detect the presence of the hydrate stopper at the beginning of its formation.
- the local temperature in the zone comprising a plug of hydrates increases abruptly and rapidly by a few degrees shortly after the initiation of the formation of the plug. hydrates, forming an exothermic peak.
- This exothermic peak is advantageously revealed by a slope failure, which becomes positive, in the local temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported for the zone considered, which opposes the negative slope of the overall temporal evolution of the temperature. fluid transported in this pipe portion subjected to global cooling, which allows to detect the presence of the hydrate cap shortly after the initiation of the formation.
- This exothermic peak is then followed by a pseudo-palliate temperature similar to that of the first mode of evolution, which continues as the cap is not completely formed.
- the detection of a local endothermic peak during global warming of the pipe and / or the detection of a local exothermic peak during an overall cooling of the pipe makes it possible to identify the corresponding zones. of the pipe in which a plug of hydrates is present, whether it is dissociating or forming.
- the length of said pipe portion is greater than 500 meters, more preferably greater than 1000 meters, preferably greater than 2000 meters.
- the length of the pipe portion on which the overall thermal analysis is made is substantially greater than the length of a plug of hydrates. which is typically of the order of a few tens of meters.
- said measured temperature values are distributed along said pipe with a spatial periodicity of less than 10 meters, more preferably less than 5 meters, even more advantageously less than 2 meters and preferably less than 1 meter. This characteristic makes it possible in particular to have several measurement points along a possible hydrate cap, which improves the reliability of detection of the hydrate plugs.
- a thermal model of the pipe capable of calculating is established. a temperature value along the pipe according to a plurality of input data of said thermal model including unknown input data including at least the temperature of the transported fluid and testing all input data combinations possible to determine a combination of input data which outputs at the output of said thermal model a calculated temperature value equal to the measured temperature value.
- the temperature of the transported fluid retained as unknown input data of the thermal model in said applied combination which leads to a temperature value calculated by the model equal to the measured temperature value for a given zone along of the pipe, is considered to be the temperature of the fluid transported inside the pipe for said zone. It is thus easy to estimate the temperature of the fluid transported within the internal passage of the pipe along it, from the temperature values measured along the pipe provided by the measuring system.
- an overall time derivative of the temperature of the fluid transported on said pipe portion is calculated from an average of the local time derivatives of the temperature values of the transported fluid distributed along said portion and the sign of said derivative is used. time and comparing the absolute value of said global time derivative with a predetermined threshold to evaluate the sense of the overall temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported on said pipe portion.
- said predetermined threshold is advantageously equal to 0.02 ° C./hour, preferably equal to 0.05 ° C./hour.
- the use of this predetermined threshold is intended to make the estimation of the direction of the overall temporal evolution more robust as a function of the accuracy of the measurements of the temperatures and / or of the thermal model used.
- a local time derivative of the temperature of the fluid transported for each zone considered of said pipe portion is calculated, a speed of change in the time of said local time derivative is evaluated and said warning signal resulting from the detection is developed.
- a slope break in the opposite direction to the direction of the global temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported for said driving portion when it is detected that said rate of change over time of said local time derivative varies within a range of predetermined speeds.
- the local time derivative of the temperature of the transported fluid is equal to the first derivative with respect to the time of the local temperature of the transported fluid, and is also equal to the slope of local time evolution of the temperature. of the transported fluid.
- Speed the change in time of the local time derivative of the temperature of the transported fluid is equal to the second derivative with respect to the time of the local temperature of the transported fluid.
- said predetermined velocity range is between -1 ° C / h 2 and -10 ° C / h 2 for the detection of a negative slope failure.
- said predetermined velocity range is between + 1 ° C / h 2 and + 10 ° C / h 2 for the detection of a positive slope failure.
- a heating system and a temperature measurement system integrated into the pipe.
- a heating system and a temperature measurement system carried by a clean removable cover to be applied opposite an outer surface of the pipe.
- the invention also relates to a device for detecting the presence of hydrates in a fluid transport pipe, comprising heating means arranged along the pipe, a temperature measurement system associated with the pipe, adapted to provide at regular intervals temperature values measured along the pipe and a module for processing said measured temperature values adapted to exploit said measured temperature values to detect the presence of at least one hydrate plug in the pipe, characterized in said processing module is adapted to calculate temperature values of the transported fluid, distributed along the pipe, from said measured temperature values and to carry out a substantially continuous time tracking of the evolution of the fluid temperature transported along the pipe, said treatment module being able to evaluate the direction of an overall temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported on at least a portion of the pipe from the temperature values of the transported fluid distributed along said portion and developing a warning signal for the presence of a plug of hydrates when a local temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported for a given zone of said pipe portion has a slope failure in the opposite direction to the direction of evolution global time of the temperature of the fluid transported for said portion, and
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the detection device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the detection device according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a first chronogram representing the global and local time evolution curves of the temperature of the fluid transported at a portion of a pipe during heating with a plug of hydrates, these curves being obtained from the values temperature measured by the temperature measurement system associated with the pipe, which are discretized along the longitudinal direction of the pipe;
- FIG. 4 is a second chronogram showing the global and local time evolution curves of the temperature of the fluid transported at a portion of pipe during heating comprising a hydrate cap.
- the detection device 20 is illustrated schematically in FIG. 1. It is intended to be used in an off-shore installation 10 for operating hydrocarbon fluid comprising at least one pipe 12 placed on the seabed 13 and / or at least partially buried in the seabed 13. This is for example a production line ("flowline" according to the English terminology) connecting a fluid collection assembly (not shown) to a column rising (not shown).
- the pipe 12 may for example be a rigid pipe formed of at least one pipe metal or may be a flexible pipe, comprising at least one pressure sheath of thermoplastic material and reinforcing armor.
- the pipe 12 defines an internal passage 14 of fluid circulation.
- the fluid flowing in the pipe is for example a hydrocarbon fluid comprising at least one compound capable of solidifying, in particular in the form of gas hydrate or paraffin, in the internal passage 14 under certain conditions of temperature and humidity. pressure, especially in high pressure and low temperature conditions.
- a hydrocarbon fluid comprising at least one compound capable of solidifying, in particular in the form of gas hydrate or paraffin, in the internal passage 14 under certain conditions of temperature and humidity. pressure, especially in high pressure and low temperature conditions.
- the hydrocarbon fluid cools and this gradual cooling can cause the fluid to enter thermodynamic hydrate or paraffin formation conditions.
- These solidified compounds are likely to accumulate on the inner walls of the pipe and in some cases to form at least one plug 16, shown schematically in Figure 2, which can cause a complete blockage of the flow of the pipe.
- the detection device 20 is intended to detect the presence and / or the formation of these hydrate plugs to treat these plugs and to remedy the blockage of the pipe in a preventive manner.
- the detection device 20 comprises a heating system 21 for the fluid transported by heating means 28 (shown schematically in FIG. 2) arranged along the pipe 12 and a temperature measuring system 22 associated with the pipe 12, adapted to provide temperature values measured along the pipe, as a function of time.
- the heating means 28 are intended to interact with the pipe to heat it, for example by Joule effect. They comprise at least one longitudinal heating element of the electrically conductive heating cable arranged along the pipe.
- the temperature measurement system 22 comprises, for example, one or more linear sensors with distributed-temperature-sensing (Distributed Temperature Sensing) type optical fibers arranged along the pipe.
- This type of sensor operating according to a principle of Raman or Brillouin reflectometry, produces, for example every 30 seconds, a signal 24 representative of the local temperature measured on along the pipe with a spatial resolution for example of 1 m.
- the measurement system comprises, for example, a large number of Bragg grating type optical fiber temperature sensors arranged along the pipe, or a large number of sensors. electrical temperature measuring sensors of the thermocouple or thermistor type arranged along the pipe.
- the longitudinal heating elements of the pipe and the optical fiber linear sensors for measuring the temperature along the pipe may be incorporated in the pipe or, if the latter is not already equipped with such integrated means, may be carried by a removable heating blanket 25 (shown schematically in Figure 2), of the type described in WO2016 / 188640, intended to be deployed along at least a portion of the pipe 12, so as to cover.
- the signal representative of the temperature values measured by the measurement system 22 is communicated to a processing module 23, able to store these measured temperature values and to process them.
- the processing module 23 analyzes the measured temperature values and estimates the temperature of the fluid transported in the internal passage of the pipe from these values measured locally along the pipe.
- the temperature measuring sensor does not directly provide the measurement of the temperature of the fluid transported in the internal passage 14, but a measurement of the local temperature outside the internal passage 14, along the pipe.
- the estimation of the temperature of the fluid transported from the measured temperature values is based on a pre-established thermal model 26 stored in the processing module 23.
- This thermal model 26 is designed to be a model with known inputs, a on the other hand, representing the thermal behavior of the driving system in its environment, and having as output the temperature measured locally along the pipe, the whole known, unknown and presumed input data influencing said local temperature along the pipe.
- the known inputs are data which can be measured or which are known from the actual design of the pipe, such as, for example, data relating to the thermal properties of the heating system, as well as the thermal properties of the pipe (thermal conductivity , heat capacity, etc.). Assumed inputs are parameters that are not measured but can be estimated with a high level of confidence (for example, ambient seawater temperature, thermal properties of the seafloor).
- the unknown inputs of the model are parameters that are not measured and that must be determined, among which the temperature of the transported fluid.
- the thermal model makes it possible to convert the temperature values measured by the measuring system along the pipe into temperature values of the transported fluid.
- all the possible combinations of known, unknown and supposed input data are defined, these combinations are provided at the input of the thermal model 26 and the best combination is selected from among all the defined combinations, namely that which allows obtaining at the output of the thermal model a temperature value along the pipe, said calculated value, equal to the temperature value measured along the pipe by the measuring sensor, the so-called measured value.
- the combination selected makes it possible to provide the unknown input data and, in particular, the temperature of the fluid transported in the internal passage 14 of the pipe 12 for which the model outputs a calculated value equal to the measured value.
- all possible inputs of the model 26 are tested until the output of the model corresponds to the measured value in order to estimate the temperature values of the fluid transported in the internal passage along the pipe.
- FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 Reference will be made to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 to describe the analysis as a function of time of these estimated temperature values of the fluid transported along the pipe.
- the analysis to detect the presence of a hydrate cap and determine its location along the pipe is based on a follow-up substantially continuous time of the evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported along a portion of long pipe and a comparison between, on the one hand, the local temporal evolution of the temperature along an area particular of the driving portion and, secondly, overall time evolution of the temperature along the pipe portion.
- This comparison aims at identifying the areas for which not only the local temporal evolution of the temperature is significantly different from the evolution of the global temporal evolution of the temperature, but also for which this difference meets specific criteria allowing to deduce the presence of a hydrate cap at the local level.
- a first mode of operation is based on the implementation of a detection cycle comprising a heating of the pipe, via the heating means 28 associated with the pipe 12.
- the pipe portion 29 shown in FIG. delimited by two pipe portion ends 17,18.
- the pipe portion 29 is advantageously greater than 500m, preferably greater than 1000m.
- the pipe portion 29 comprises a hydrate cap 16 of length much less than the length of the pipe portion.
- the overall temporal evolution 30, 40 of the temperature of the fluid transported along the pipe portion 29 is the average along the pipe portion 29 of the local time changes determined by the module of treatment 23 from the distributed temperature measurements made by the measuring system 22.
- the overall time evolution 30, 40 of the temperature is a continuously increasing function due to the global warming of the pipe portion 29 by the heating means 28
- the local temporal evolution 39, 49 of the temperature at the hydrate cap 16 can follow two main modes of evolution.
- the local temporal evolution 39 of the temperature at the level of the hydrate plugs 16 becomes significantly different from the overall temporal evolution 30 from the beginning fusion 32 of the plug. From the beginning of the fusion 32 of the hydrate cap, the evolution local time 39 is in the form of a pseudo temperature step 33 which is maintained until the complete fusion of the hydrate cap.
- the slope of the local temporal evolution 39 drops rapidly and strongly with respect to the slope of the overall temporal evolution 30.
- the slope of the local temporal evolution 39 becomes less than one-third of the slope of the overall temporal evolution 30 shortly after the start of the melting 32. This makes it possible to produce a warning signal of the presence of a hydrate plug when the local temporal evolution 39 of the temperature of the transported fluid has a slope of absolute value at least three times lower than the absolute value of the slope of the overall temporal evolution 30 of the fluid transported for the portion 29 of conduct.
- the local temporal evolution 39 is in the form of a rapid temperature rise curve 31 which asymptotically matches the overall temporal evolution 30. It has been found that as soon as the fusion the slope of the local temporal evolution 39 increases rapidly and strongly, so that it is possible to develop a complete fusion warning signal (end of fusion) from the velocity of the hydrate cap. of change in the time of this slope. For example, a complete fusion warning signal is produced when the second derivative with respect to the time of the local time evolution is greater than +1 ° C / hour 2 , advantageously greater than + 2 ° C / hour 2 .
- the local temporal evolution 49 of the temperature at the level of the hydrate plugs 16 becomes significantly different from the global temporal evolution 40 shortly after the beginning of the merging 42 of the plug, the local time evolution 49 then being in the form of an endothermic peak 48 followed by a pseudo-plateau 43 which is maintained until the complete fusion 44 of the hydrate plug.
- this endothermic peak 48 is related to the rapid and sudden depressurization of the central part of the plug shortly after the start of the melting 42. This phenomenon is due in that the gas released by the melting of the central part of the hydrate cap 16 is initially blocked and can not flow freely to a neighboring zone. In the case of FIG.
- this initial gas blocking zone corresponds to the part of the local temporal evolution curve 40 between the points 42 and 47. From point 47, the gas begins to evacuate towards at least one neighboring zone via at least one channel generated by the fusion of the hydrate cap. The depressurization then takes place between points 47 and 48, which causes the endothermic peak 48 because the rapid depressurization of a gas is an endothermic phenomenon.
- This endothermic peak 48 is revealed by a slope break, in the opposite direction to the positive direction of the overall temporal evolution 40 of the temperature of the fluid transported in the pipe portion 29.
- This rapid and abrupt variation (decrease) in the temperature of the fluid transported for a given zone during the elevation of the pipe temperature can be easily detected to deduce a hydrate presence signal in this zone.
- the processing module 23 calculates in real time the second derivative with respect to the time of the local time evolution 49 and compares this second derivative with predefined thresholds in order to develop an alert signal.
- a hydrate presence warning signal is produced when the second derivative with respect to the time of the local time evolution 49 is between -1 ° C / hour 2 and -10 ° C / hour 2 , which corresponds to the detection of a negative slope break.
- the local temporal evolution 49 is in the form of a pseudo-plateau 43 which is maintained until the complete fusion 44 of the hydrate cap.
- the local temporal evolution 49 is in the form of a rapid temperature rise curve 41 which asymptotically matches the global temporal evolution 40. It has been found that as soon as the fusion is complete With the hydrate plug, the slope of the local time evolution 49 increases rapidly and strongly, so that it is possible to develop a complete fusion warning signal (end of fusion) from the speed of change in the time of this slope. For example, a signal Full melting alert is developed when the second derivative with respect to the time of the local time evolution is greater than + 1 ° C / hour 2 , preferably greater than + 2 ° C / hour 2 .
- a second mode of operation relies on the implementation of a detection cycle comprising an overall cooling of the pipe.
- global cooling is meant here that the heating means are not used to heat the pipe during this detection cycle.
- the overall temporal evolution of the temperature of the transported fluid, estimated from the temperature measured by the sensor along the pipe then follows a law according to a continuously decreasing function, as opposed to the first mode Operating.
- the detection of the formation of a hydrate in a given area of the pipe is based this time on two methods of treatment applied in parallel, namely the observation of a slope failure, in the opposite direction to the negative direction of global temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported in the other surrounding areas (detection of an exothermic peak), and / or the observation of a fall below one-third of the ratio between on the one hand the absolute value of the slope of the local evolution of the temperature and on the other hand the absolute value of the slope of the global evolution (detection of a pseudo palliate).
- the processing module 23 firstly determines the direction of the overall change in the temperature of the transported fluid as a function of time for a controlled driving portion. To do this, for example, a global time derivative of the temperature of the fluid transported on this portion of pipe is calculated by averaging the local time derivatives of the temperature values obtained for each zone considered along this portion and comparing the global time derivative at a predetermined threshold for evaluating the direction of the overall temporal evolution of the temperature of the fluid transported on this controlled driving portion.
- the treatment module then switches to the first mode of operation corresponding to the implementation of the detection cycle in the context of global warming of the pipe, according to the principles explained above.
- the processing module calculates a local time derivative of the temperature of the transported fluid for each considered zone of the driving portion, and then evaluates a rate of change over time of the local time derivative in order to detect a local endothermic peak during the global warming of the pipe, revealing the presence of a hydrate.
- the processing module detects that the rate of change over time of the local time derivative of the temperature varies in a range of speeds for example between -1 ° C / hour 2 and -10 ° C / hour 2 during global warming of the pipe
- the treatment module generates an alert signal for the presence of a hydrate cap, this warning signal being associated with information on the location of the hydrate cap according to the zone of the portion where the local exothermic peak was detected.
- the processing module then switches to the second mode of operation corresponding to the implementation of the detection cycle in the context of an overall cooling of the pipe, according to the principles outlined above.
- the processing module evaluates the rate of change over time of the local time derivative of the temperature of the fluid transported for each zone considered. of the pipe portion to detect this time a local exothermic peak during the overall cooling of the pipe, revealing the presence of a hydrate.
- this rate of change over time of the local time derivative of the temperature varies within a range of speeds of, for example, between +1 ° C / h 2 and + 10 ° C / h 2 during the overall cooling of the pipe
- the processing module prepares a warning signal for the presence of a plug of hydrates, this warning signal being associated with a hydrate cap location information according to the area of the pipe portion where the peak has been detected. local exothermic.
- the warning signal produced by the processing module 23 is supplied to an output interface 27 of the processing module 23.
- an alert signal for the presence of a hydrate cap can be emitted sufficiently early and reliably, following the evolution of the rate of change. in the time of the local time derivative of the temperature of the fluid transported for each zone considered of the pipe portion in the case of global warming or global cooling of this pipe portion.
- the warning signal delivered by the processing module 23 then makes it possible to apply measures intended to combat the formation of hydrates in the pipe.
- the heating means associated with the pipe are used to raise the temperature of the fluids above the dissociation temperature.
- hydrate inhibitors can be injected into the pipe.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1762921A FR3075919B1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | Procede de detection de la presence d'hydrate de gaz dans une conduite destinee au transport de fluide d'hydrocarbure |
| PCT/FR2018/053413 WO2019122718A1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-12-19 | Procédé de détection de la présence d'hydrate de gaz dans une conduite destinée au transport de fluide d'hydrocarbure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3728935A1 true EP3728935A1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 |
| EP3728935B1 EP3728935B1 (fr) | 2021-12-08 |
Family
ID=62597554
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18833990.7A Active EP3728935B1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 | 2018-12-19 | Procédé de détection de la présence d'hydrate de gaz dans une conduite destinée au transport de fluide d'hydrocarbure |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3728935B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3075919B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019122718A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117419280A (zh) * | 2023-09-12 | 2024-01-19 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | 一种管道堵塞预警方法及系统 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220155117A1 (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | Sensia Llc | System and method for quantitative verification of flow measurements |
| GB2607274B (en) * | 2021-05-04 | 2023-11-15 | Subsea 7 Ltd | Electrically Heated Subsea Pipelines |
| CN116221632B (zh) * | 2023-03-03 | 2025-07-15 | 苏州西热节能环保技术有限公司 | 一种管道堵塞的检测方法及应用 |
| CN117307978B (zh) * | 2023-10-16 | 2025-11-07 | 大连理工大学人工智能大连研究院 | 一种燃气管道泄漏故障检测方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9812465D0 (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 1998-08-05 | Abb Seatec Ltd | Pipeline monitoring systems |
| US20040059505A1 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-03-25 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Method for monitoring depositions onto the interior surface within a pipeline |
| FR3036634B1 (fr) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-07-07 | Technip France | Couverture amovible destinee a etre disposee en regard d'une conduite de transport de fluide immergee dans une etendue d'eau, ensemble d'intervention et procede associes |
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2018
- 2018-12-19 WO PCT/FR2018/053413 patent/WO2019122718A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-12-19 EP EP18833990.7A patent/EP3728935B1/fr active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117419280A (zh) * | 2023-09-12 | 2024-01-19 | 北京京仪自动化装备技术股份有限公司 | 一种管道堵塞预警方法及系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3075919B1 (fr) | 2020-01-10 |
| FR3075919A1 (fr) | 2019-06-28 |
| EP3728935B1 (fr) | 2021-12-08 |
| WO2019122718A1 (fr) | 2019-06-27 |
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