EP3723979A1 - Vitrage feuillete aeronautique a haute resistance a la rupture au choc a l'oiseau - Google Patents
Vitrage feuillete aeronautique a haute resistance a la rupture au choc a l'oiseauInfo
- Publication number
- EP3723979A1 EP3723979A1 EP18833917.0A EP18833917A EP3723979A1 EP 3723979 A1 EP3723979 A1 EP 3723979A1 EP 18833917 A EP18833917 A EP 18833917A EP 3723979 A1 EP3723979 A1 EP 3723979A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laminated glazing
- glass sheet
- structural
- sheet
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
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- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10091—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
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- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
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- B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
- B32B17/10137—Chemical strengthening
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- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
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- B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
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- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
- B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
- B64C1/1484—Windows
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
- B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
- B64C1/1492—Structure and mounting of the transparent elements in the window or windscreen
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
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- B32B2605/18—Aircraft
Definitions
- the mechanical dimensioning of aeronautical glazing is governed by the requirement of impact resistance by birds.
- the mass of glazing is therefore strongly governed by the requirement of resistance to bird shocks.
- This invention is a reduced mass glazing composition consisting of high tensile strength structural glass and tenacious structural plastic.
- the rupture stress is also sometimes called a module of rupture (in English "Module of Rupture" - MOR -).
- the aeronautical glazing consists of at least two plies to provide security in the event of breakage of a fold.
- a third fold can be added on the outer face to manage aerodynamic requirements and / or as a support for the heating function for defrosting.
- the folds providing the mechanical properties are called the structural folds: they are either:
- PMMA methyl methacrylate
- PC polycarbonate
- PU polyurethane
- Mass saving is a permanent requirement of the aerospace industry. Glazing with two structural glass plies on the one hand, stretched PMMA on the other hand, allow access to substantially similar masses of laminated glazing.
- Polycarbonate glazing allows a reduction in mass, but polycarbonate also has many defects:
- the glazing is flexed locally, which induces constraints on the glazing. It is the farthest surface of the shock that receives the highest stresses that can cause the rupture of the structural fold inside the laminated glass plane. On the contrary, the outer structural fold is very little stressed in extension or is put in compression, which preserves it.
- the structural block of the laminated glazing is subjected to compressive stresses then to stresses in extension, the two types of stresses being separated by a plane called "neutral fiber" (zero load) within the structural block.
- the object of the invention is to combine two structural sheets to push the rupture limit of the laminated glazing to the impact of the bird.
- This object is achieved by the invention which, accordingly, relates to a laminated glazing for a vehicle or a building, characterized in that it comprises a sheet of inner structural polymer material and an outer structural glass sheet of thickness between 3 and 20 mm having a tensile stress of 350 to 1000 MPa with the characteristics of stressing a bird shock.
- the invention consists in the production of a structural block formed of a high-tensile fracture glass on the outermost face of the structural block and a polymeric material placed on the internal face of the glazing and characterized by a low elastic modulus.
- the glass has a high elastic modulus of about 70GPa, much higher than that of polymeric materials (some GPa under the conditions solicitation of a bird shock). It is therefore the glass which mainly governs the deformations of the glazing.
- the neutral fiber (zero load) is moved outwardly of the structural block in the mounting position of the laminated glazing, more precisely inside the outer structural glass: its load is therefore increased.
- the outer structural glass sheet is here constrained in extension.
- the sheet of inner structural polymeric material is slightly deformed due to the stiffness of the glass.
- the polymeric material requires larger deformations than the glass to charge.
- the total encapsulation of the outer structural glass sheet allows the choice of superficial chemical reinforcements allowing access to higher reinforcement levels than the deep reinforcement lenses. It is specified that the deep reinforcement makes it possible to avoid the loss of mechanical performance by scratching the surface, which can not occur in the case of encapsulation.
- the sheet of inner structural polymeric material is made of stretched or unstretched poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), structural polyurethane (PU) or polycarbonate (PC), with a thickness of between 5 and 22 mm;
- PMMA stretched or unstretched poly (methyl methacrylate)
- PU structural polyurethane
- PC polycarbonate
- the outer structural glass sheet is made of soda-lime or aluminosilicate glass; the outer structural glass sheet is chemically reinforced; the chemical reinforcement consists for example in the substitution of sodium ions by potassium ions, or of lithium ions by sodium ions, that is to say each time by larger ions, on the surface of the glass sheets ; this increases their surface compression stress and their breaking stress;
- the inner and outer structural sheets are bonded to each other by means of a first intermediate adhesive layer of thickness between 0.5 and 5, preferably between 1.8 and 3.2 mm;
- the laminated glazing comprises, on the side of the outer structural glass sheet opposite to the sheet of inner structural polymeric material, an outer glass sheet of thickness between 0.5 and 5 mm; this outer sheet of glass, thin and non-structural, constitutes the outer surface of the laminated glazing, in contact with the outside atmosphere;
- the outer glass sheet is of soda-lime or aluminosilicate type; the outer glass sheet is semi-tempered or chemically reinforced;
- the outer glass sheet is bonded to the outer structural glass sheet by means of a second intermediate adhesive layer of thickness between 2 and 12, preferably 3 and 7 mm;
- the face of the outer glass sheet facing the outer structural glass sheet supports a heating wire network and / or an electroconductive heating layer; copper wires, indium oxide layer doped with tin ITO (in English: “indium tin oxide”), connected to a power supply via collectors (in English "bus-bars"); this positioning of the heating function provides defrosting of the surface of the laminated glazing in contact with the outside atmosphere, in all the conditions of use, while minimizing the electric power required (proximity of the frost);
- one face of the inner or outer structural sheet supports a heating wire array and / or an electroconductive heating layer as described above; this positioning of the function of heating provides defogging of the laminated glazing surface in contact with the atmosphere of the cockpit of the aircraft;
- the face of the outer glass sheet opposite to the outer structural glass sheet is flush with the mounting structure; in other words, this face is in continuity with the structure (cabin of the plane); an essential function of the outer glass sheet is the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, and to a lesser extent the appearance function;
- an interlayer adhesive layer comprises a polyvinyl butyral (PVB), a polyurethane (PU), an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or the like;
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PU polyurethane
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- the laminated glazing is curved (concavity towards the interior of the vehicle or the building in the mounting position);
- a reinforcement sheet is inserted between the inner and outer structural glass sheets, on at least part of a peripheral zone of the laminated glazing unit; it is a band of reinforcing material such as metal, composite fiber (Kevlar® or similar), according to a significant portion of the peripheral zone of the laminated glazing; this reinforcing sheet is subjected to the local stress applied by the windscreen and which could locally break the outer structural glass into small pieces; the reinforcing sheet prevents tearing of the interlayer adhesive layer at the contact limit between the press and glazing.
- the invention furthermore relates to the application of a laminated glazing unit as described above in aeronautics, in particular as commercial, regional or business aircraft glazing subject to the requirements of impact resistance. to the bird.
- Example A laminated window of a commercial pressurized aircraft cockpit is constituted, from the interior of the aircraft to the outside:
- the two structural sheets are bonded through an intermediate adhesive layer of PVB 2 mm thick.
- the outer structural glass sheet and the outer glass sheet are bonded through a 10 mm thick PU interlayer adhesive layer.
- the face of the outer glass sheet facing the outer structural glass sheet carries a de-icing heating layer of ITO. This is particularly the case of an anti-frost glass front aircraft cockpit.
- the heating function can be supported by any surface of the structural block in the laminate.
- the outer face of the outer glass sheet is flush with the cabin of the aircraft, mounting environment of the laminated glazing.
- This laminated glazing has improved resistance to impact to the bird.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1762049A FR3074721B1 (fr) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | Vitrage feuillete aeronautique a haute resistance a la rupture au choc a l'oiseau |
PCT/FR2018/053207 WO2019115934A1 (fr) | 2017-12-13 | 2018-12-11 | Vitrage feuillete aeronautique a haute resistance a la rupture au choc a l'oiseau |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3723979A1 true EP3723979A1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 |
Family
ID=62143255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18833917.0A Withdrawn EP3723979A1 (fr) | 2017-12-13 | 2018-12-11 | Vitrage feuillete aeronautique a haute resistance a la rupture au choc a l'oiseau |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200384736A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3723979A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20200097743A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN111433018A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112020010169B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3082890A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3074721B1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL275067A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2771543C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019115934A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4098439A4 (fr) * | 2020-01-31 | 2024-02-21 | Agc Inc. | Verre feuilleté pour véhicules, automobile et procédé de production de verre feuilleté pour véhicules |
FR3132464B1 (fr) * | 2022-02-10 | 2024-01-19 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage aéronautique dont la totalité de la surface est couverte par un film mince tenace encapsulé dans une couche adhésive intercalaire |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2547809B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-10-18 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Vitrage de securite, en particulier vitrage anti-balles |
NZ211592A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1988-08-30 | Pilkington Brothers Plc | Impact-resistant glass/polycarbonate laminates |
FR2597857A1 (fr) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-10-30 | Champeau Andre | Materiau composite transparent de protection aux chocs et panneau de protection realise a l'aide d'un tel materiau |
GB9011855D0 (en) * | 1990-05-26 | 1990-07-18 | Triplex Aircraft | Aircraft windshield |
JP2006083043A (ja) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-30 | Hitachi Ltd | ガラス材とその製造方法 |
DE102012215864A1 (de) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Schott Ag | Transparentes durchschusshemmendes Laminat |
DE102013214426A1 (de) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-01-29 | Schott Ag | Verbundelement und dessen Verwendung |
DE102013114225B4 (de) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-03-16 | Schott Ag | Chemisch vorspannbares Glas und daraus hergestelltes Glaselement |
FR3027185B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-10 | 2021-04-30 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage chauffant et de blindage electromagnetique |
FR3029836B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-12-23 | Saint Gobain | Feuillete d'une feuille de materiau polymere epais et d'une feuille de verre mince |
FR3031065B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-29 | 2019-08-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Vitrage feuillete a feuille de verre mince anti-eclat |
-
2017
- 2017-12-13 FR FR1762049A patent/FR3074721B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-12-11 CN CN201880078228.9A patent/CN111433018A/zh active Pending
- 2018-12-11 WO PCT/FR2018/053207 patent/WO2019115934A1/fr unknown
- 2018-12-11 CA CA3082890A patent/CA3082890A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-12-11 KR KR1020207018832A patent/KR20200097743A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-12-11 RU RU2020121192A patent/RU2771543C2/ru active
- 2018-12-11 EP EP18833917.0A patent/EP3723979A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-12-11 BR BR112020010169-9A patent/BR112020010169B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2018-12-11 US US16/772,514 patent/US20200384736A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2020
- 2020-06-02 IL IL275067A patent/IL275067A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2771543C2 (ru) | 2022-05-05 |
BR112020010169A2 (pt) | 2020-11-03 |
FR3074721B1 (fr) | 2020-03-27 |
US20200384736A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
RU2020121192A3 (fr) | 2022-01-13 |
IL275067A (en) | 2020-07-30 |
CA3082890A1 (fr) | 2019-06-20 |
RU2020121192A (ru) | 2022-01-13 |
WO2019115934A1 (fr) | 2019-06-20 |
KR20200097743A (ko) | 2020-08-19 |
FR3074721A1 (fr) | 2019-06-14 |
CN111433018A (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
BR112020010169B1 (pt) | 2023-10-17 |
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