EP3720929B1 - Gasifizierungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Gasifizierungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3720929B1
EP3720929B1 EP18799866.1A EP18799866A EP3720929B1 EP 3720929 B1 EP3720929 B1 EP 3720929B1 EP 18799866 A EP18799866 A EP 18799866A EP 3720929 B1 EP3720929 B1 EP 3720929B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary chamber
mixture
burner
casing body
chamber
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EP18799866.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3720929A1 (de
Inventor
Stefano Belloli
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Bernardi Impianti Srl
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Bernardi Impianti Srl
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/005—Rotary drum or kiln gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a gasification apparatus, in particular for the recovery of one or more inert materials from a milled asphalt.
  • the milled asphalt i.e. the product recovered from the coating of the road surface
  • the "producer” is considered to be the one who materially performs the activity of milling the road surface.
  • Road maintenance therefore currently entails the cost of removing the surface, and a subsequent charge for the disposal of special waste recovered by milling.
  • Such waste consists of an inert portion and an organic portion, a mechanical separation of which is impossible due to the close mixing between such portions.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create an apparatus which, in compliance with the relevant regulations, allows the milled asphalt to be treated by recovering the inert fraction contained, and which, by using the chemical-physical characteristics of the organic or polymeric matrix portion, is able to recover the energy contained therein, while limiting the formation of polluting compounds.
  • the milled asphalt treated with the apparatus described herein allows the inert material contained in the milled asphalt (in practice at a level qualitatively similar to a virgin inert material) to be regenerated, and also savings on the costs of gasification to be obtained by virtue of reusing the synthesis gas in combustion to feed the flame of the burner.
  • a gasification apparatus for the separation of an inert material from mixtures comprising such material and one or more polymeric/organic materials is indicated at reference number 1.
  • such mixture comprises or consists of a milled asphalt recovered by mechanical removal of the layers of a road coating.
  • the apparatus described herein is particularly suitable for gasifying an asphalt concrete comprising inert materials - e.g. rock (such as gravel, sand, crushed stone or similar) - and polymeric/organic materials, e.g. in the form of bitumen and optional synthetic resins.
  • inert materials e.g. rock (such as gravel, sand, crushed stone or similar)
  • polymeric/organic materials e.g. in the form of bitumen and optional synthetic resins.
  • such apparatus has been designed to gasify such polymeric/organic materials by vaporizing them in the absence of oxygen, so as not to cause unwanted combustion, to obtain an inert material at least partially free from carbon residues, for example, the aforesaid inert material in a substantially pure form.
  • this inert material may be reused for the production of new asphalt concrete.
  • Such apparatus comprises a casing body 2, a treatment body 4, a burner 10, a flame propagation body 12 and adduction means of a synthesis gas.
  • synthesis gas in this description, means a gasification product comprising fuel gas and volatile hydrocarbons (predominantly composed of carbon and hydrogen), and possibly carbon dust carried by the gaseous stream.
  • the casing body 2 extends in a tubular manner along a longitudinal axis L between a proximal portion 2' and a distal portion 2";
  • proximal As far as the expression "proximal” is concerned, such term will indicate the directions or components arranged or oriented towards the burner 10; conversely, the term “distal” will indicate the opposing components or directions, oriented towards the second fixed head 40 discussed below.
  • the treatment body 4 is contained at least in part (e.g. completely) in the casing body 2 and delimits a primary chamber 6 to gasify or transform - in the absence of oxygen - the polymeric/organic material into synthesis gas.
  • the treatment body 4 is substantially tubular in shape.
  • the casing body 2 is supported, for example, by a base or a support structure 46, with an inclination angle ⁇ of the longitudinal axis L relative to a substantially horizontal reference plane P, in the range 2-15°.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ is within the range 3-8°.
  • the treatment body 4 is rotatable (e.g. with respect to the burner 10) about an axis of rotation R1 and comprises first auger means 8 protruding into the primary chamber 6 to move a first mixture and the inert material in the distal direction S1.
  • the first auger means are connected internally to the treatment body 4 and extend away in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.
  • the treatment body 4 is rotatable around an axis of rotation R1 substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L, for example around an axis of rotation R1 coincident with such axis L.
  • the burner 10 is instead arranged proximally to the casing body 2, in thermal contact with the primary chamber 6.
  • the gas burner 10 is fed by a combination of a fuel (e.g. natural gas, LPG, methane, gasoline, diesel or liquid petroleum derivatives) and a combustion agent (e.g. atmospheric air or oxygen) to allow such combination to react.
  • a fuel e.g. natural gas, LPG, methane, gasoline, diesel or liquid petroleum derivatives
  • a combustion agent e.g. atmospheric air or oxygen
  • a pump or blower 48 sends atmospheric air to the burner.
  • the burner 10 may therefore be fueled either with at least one liquid fuel, or with at least one gaseous fuel, or with combinations thereof in a hybrid manner.
  • the burner 10 is fed with the fuel through a second fuel supply line 72.
  • the flame propagation body 12 extends distally (according to the definition provided above) from the burner 10, to the inside of the treatment body 4 to isolate the flame from the primary chamber 6.
  • the flame propagation body 12 is mounted coaxially inside the treatment body 4.
  • the primary chamber 6 is an annular gap 18 delimited between the flame propagation body 12 and the treatment body 4.
  • the primary chamber 6 is maintained at a lower pressure than the pressure of a secondary chamber 28, which is delimited by the casing body 2.
  • the pressure difference between the primary chamber 6 and the secondary chamber 28 may be equal to or greater than 0.01 bar, e.g. equal to or greater than 0.1 bar.
  • the lower pressure in the primary chamber 6 with respect to the secondary chamber 28 may be detected by first pressure detection means 64 of the gasification apparatus 1.
  • the first pressure detection means 64 comprise or consist of at least one deprimometer.
  • the secondary chamber 28 is maintained at a lower pressure than the pressure outside such chamber 28, for example with respect to an ambient pressure.
  • the lower pressure in the secondary chamber 28 with respect to the external or ambient pressure may be detected by second pressure detection means 66 of the gasification apparatus 1.
  • the second pressure detection means 66 comprise or consist of at least one deprimometer.
  • the annular gap 18 is closed distally by a closing member 20, connected between the flame propagation body 12 and the treatment body 4 to prevent at least partially the entry of oxygen into the primary chamber 6, and to allow the escape S3 of the inert material from the primary chamber 6.
  • the flame propagation body 12 is integral in rotation to the treatment body 4.
  • the closing member 20 comprises at least one wall or plate 22 that may be moved by the first auger means 8, for example in a way integral thereto, to allow the inert materials to be moved out of the primary chamber 6.
  • the closing body 20 has a generically glass shape.
  • the closing body 20 comprises a radial section 56 connected internally to the flame propagation body 12, and an axial section 58 that extends proximally from the radial section 56, so as to create a loop for the transit of the exiting inert material.
  • the discharge opening 60 from the primary chamber 6 is then delimited between an outer surface of the flame propagation body 12 and an inner surface of the axial section 58.
  • the adduction means are fluidically connected (in particular: to the primary chamber 6 and to the burner 10) to draw S2 the synthesis gas from the primary chamber 6 and to feed the flame of the burner 10 with such gas.
  • the adduction means are fluidically connected to the primary chamber 6 and to the burner 10 to move the synthesis gas out of such chamber 6 and are further connected to a fuel supply line 16 which is connected to the burner 10.
  • the fuel supply line 16 is connected to the burner 10 upstream of the area wherein the latter generates its own flame.
  • the gasification apparatus 1 comprises second thermometric detection means 68 for the detection of the temperature of the synthesis gas.
  • thermometric detection means 68 are arranged at the fuel supply duct 16.
  • the measurement signals of the second thermometric detection means 68 may be used to control a variation in the flow rate (greater or lesser) of the mixtures comprising the inert material and one or more polymeric/organic materials within the gasification apparatus 1.
  • the gasification apparatus 1 comprises shut-off means 74, arranged upstream of the burner 10, configured to regulate a flow rate of the fuel (e.g. gaseous and/or liquid, as discussed above) to the burner 10.
  • the shut-off means 74 could be located at the burner 10 and/or along the second fuel supply line 72 connected to the burner 10.
  • the gasification apparatus 1 comprises first thermometric detection means 76 functionally connected to the shut-off means 74, for example through the management and control means 70 of the apparatus 1 (only sketched in figure 3 ).
  • the first means of thermometric detection 76 may be arranged at the burner 10, at the primary chamber 6, in at least one point of travel of the inert material into the apparatus 1, and/or in at least one discharge area 78 of the inert material from the apparatus 1.
  • the shut-off means 74 are controllable in such a way as to reduce or increase the flow rate of the fuel.
  • any temperature fluctuations may be caused mainly by the flow rate of synthesis gas fed to the burner 10.
  • the apparatus according to such embodiments is designed so that the use of liquid and/or gaseous fuel may be reduced or increased in a manner corresponding to the flow rate of synthesis gas available to burner 10.
  • the adduction means comprise at least one suction device 14 connected on its inlet side I to the primary chamber 6 and connected on its delivery side M to a fuel supply line 16 of the burner 10.
  • the suction device 14 may be functionally connected to the pressure detector means 64, for example through the management and control means 70 of the apparatus 1.
  • the suction device 14 may be controlled by signals from the pressure detector means 64 in order to bring the pressure in the primary chamber 6 to a predefined value.
  • the casing body 2 delimits a first access opening 24 to introduce the first mixture into the primary chamber 6, for example positioned at the burner 10.
  • the casing body 2 delimits a second access opening 26 to introduce a second mixture into a secondary chamber 28 for drying inert materials, circumscribed by the casing body 2 and separated from the primary chamber 6.
  • the first mixture has a finer particle size than the second mixture.
  • the first mixture has a higher percentage by weight of polymeric/organic materials than the percentage of inert material (always with reference to the second mixture).
  • the casing body 2 is integral in rotation to the treatment body 4.
  • the casing body is connected in a rotatable manner by a first fixed head 52 (in proximal position) and a second fixed head 40 (in distal position), spaced along the longitudinal axis L.
  • first fixed head 52 in proximal position
  • second fixed head 40 in distal position
  • fluid-tight means may be provided between the heads and the casing body.
  • the casing body 2 comprises second auger means 30 radially protruding inwards to move the second mixture along the casing body 2.
  • the first auger means 8 and the second auger means 30 are mutually opposed to each other so that, by means of the aforementioned rotation R1 in a predetermined direction (for example, clockwise or counterclockwise), the first auger means 8 are oriented so as to move the first mixture in the distal direction S1 (for example, see figure 5 ) and the second auger means 30 are oriented so as to move the second mixture in the proximal direction S4.
  • a predetermined direction for example, clockwise or counterclockwise
  • the first auger means 8 are oriented so as to move the first mixture in the distal direction S1 (for example, see figure 5 ) and the second auger means 30 are oriented so as to move the second mixture in the proximal direction S4.
  • the first auger means 8 and/or the second auger means 30 comprise one or more radial ribs 32, 34 arranged in a spiral or herringbone pattern, which extend from the treatment body 4 and/or the casing body 2 radially towards the longitudinal axis L.
  • the treatment body 4 comprises a single radial rib 32 that extends in a spiral along the entire length of such body, for example in a continuous manner.
  • the casing body 2 comprises a plurality of separate radial ribs 34, distributed along a spiral-shaped trajectory for one or more lengths of such body, e.g. oriented in a herringbone pattern relative to an inner surface of the casing body 2.
  • the expression “herringbone pattern” means ribs that extend radially towards the inside of the casing body 2, with an incident orientation (e.g. non-orthogonal) relative to the inner surface of such body.
  • the secondary chamber 28 for drying inert materials partially overlaps the primary chamber 6 in a radial direction to receive from the latter at least the inert materials of the first mixture and to dry them.
  • the secondary chamber 28 for drying inert materials is an annular gap 36 between the casing body 2 and the treatment body 4.
  • the flame propagation body 12 delimits (e.g. distally) a body inlet 38 communicating with the secondary chamber 28 for drying inert materials to allow the combustion fumes to flow (according to the direction S5 of figure 5 ) into such chamber 28.
  • the second access opening 26 is offset axially at a distance from the body inlet 38 so that the second mixture is preheated by the combustion fumes.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises the second fixed head 40 connected distally to the casing body 2, which delimits a third access opening 42 to the secondary chamber 28 to introduce virgin inert material into the secondary chamber 28.
  • the third access opening 42 is arranged distally with respect to the second access opening 26.
  • the casing body 2 comprises advantageously radial lift pockets 44 configured in such a way (for example, with a depth and/or with an orientation) so that, during the rotation of the casing body 2, the virgin inert material is transported from such pockets 44 to a height equal to or higher than the longitudinal axis L, and emerges from such pockets 44 to penetrate the combustion fumes so as to cool the fumes and dry the virgin inert material through a gas-solid heat exchange.
  • the arrow marked with the reference S6 indicates the proximal movement of the virgin inert material which, in addition to the circumferential component, also has an axial motion component in the proximal direction.
  • the second fixed head 40 delimits a fourth fume outlet opening 62, fluidically communicating with the second chamber 28 to allow the evacuation of combustion gases (specifically: from the burner 10) outside the apparatus 1, for example to a purification filter (not shown).
  • a discharge opening 54 of inert materials coming from the gasification in the primary chamber, and optionally to the inert materials (gasified or virgin) coming from the secondary chamber.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention allows the drawbacks related to the prior art to be fully resolved.
  • the proposed apparatus allows the recovery of energetically valuable raw materials, currently used in the production of concretes, which cause significant concerns due to odors and pollution.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention makes it possible to obtain a gaseous product for gasification which is a combustible gas.
  • the solid inert residue of the gasification has features not dissimilar from a virgin inert material, thus achieving a further productive advantage for downstream uses of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus object of the present invention allows the gas coming from the gasification to the burner to be reused, so as to dry the incoming inert materials.
  • this apparatus constitutes a stand-alone unit that may be implemented in any existing machine for the production of asphalt concrete, without the need for operations to modify existing machines.
  • the advantages of the present apparatus are therefore not only of the thermal/energy type; the recovery of inert materials in a substantially pure form also allows the amount of inert materials required for the manufacture of new conglomerate to be reduced (with the same amount of new conglomerate manufactured).
  • the kinetics of the thermochemical process does not cause the formation of polluting compounds, causing the splitting of the molecular bonds of the polymeric/organic material and the formation of gaseous elementary compounds, leaving however unchanged the properties of the inert material, which does not undergo any substantial transformation.
  • the synthesis gas produced in this way may be mixed with an "external" combustion gas or used exclusively to feed the burner.
  • the present apparatus does not need to measure the flow rate of the synthesis gas drawn from the primary chamber but rather, indirectly, detects one or more temperature values that are an index of such flow rate equal to the flow rate of the fuel (i.e. "external") fed to the burner.
  • each variant described as belonging to a possible embodiment may be implemented independently of the other variants described.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Gasifizierungsvorrichtung (1) für die Abtrennung eines inerten Materials aus Gemischen, die das Material und eine oder mehrere polymere/organische Substanzen aufweisen, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) aufweist:
    a) einen Gehäusekörper (2), der sich röhrenförmig entlang einer Längsachse (L) zwischen einem proximalen Abschnitt (2') und einem distalen Abschnitt (2") erstreckt;
    b) einen Behandlungskörper (4), der zumindest teilweise in dem Gehäusekörper (2) enthalten ist und eine Primärkammer (6) zur Gasifizierung - in Abwesenheit von Sauerstoff - des polymeren/organischen Materials zu Synthesegas begrenzt; wobei der Behandlungskörper (4) um eine Drehachse (R1) drehbar ist und erste Schneckenmittel (8) aufweist, die in die Primärkammer (6) vorstehen, um ein erstes Gemisch und das inerte Material in einer distalen Richtung (S1) zu bewegen;
    c) einen Brenner (10), der proximal zu dem Gehäusekörper (2) angeordnet ist und in thermischem Kontakt mit der Primärkammer (6) steht:
    d) einen Flammenausbreitungskörper (12), der sich distal von dem Brenner (10) innerhalb des Behandlungskörpers (4) erstreckt, um die Flamme von der Primärkammer (6) zu isolieren;
    e) Zuführungsmittel, die fluidisch verbunden sind, um das Synthesegas aus der Primärkammer (6) anzuziehen (S2) und die Flamme des Brenners (10) mit dem Gas zu versorgen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuführungsmittel mindestens eine Ansaugvorrichtung (14) aufweisen, die auf ihrer Einlassseite (I) mit der Primärkammer (6) verbunden ist und auf ihrer Verteilungsseite (M) mit einer Brennstoffversorgungsleitung (16) des Brenners (10) verbunden ist,
    wobei die Brennstoffversorgungsleitung (16) mit dem Brenner (10) stromaufwärts des Bereichs verbunden ist, in dem der Brenner (10) seine eigene Flamme erzeugt.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Flammenausbreitungskörper (12) koaxial innerhalb des Behandlungskörpers (4) montiert ist und wobei die Primärkammer (6) ein ringförmiger Spalt (18) ist, der zwischen den Körpern (12, 4) begrenzt ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei der ringförmige Spalt (18) distal durch ein Verschlusselement (20) verschlossen ist, das zwischen dem Flammenausbreitungskörper (12) und dem Behandlungskörper (4) verbunden ist, um zumindest teilweise den Eintritt von Sauerstoff in die Primärkammer (6) zu verhindern und das Entweichen (S3) des inerten Materials aus der Primärkammer (6) zu ermöglichen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei das Verschlusselement (20) mindestens eine Wand oder Platte (22) aufweist, die imstande ist, durch die ersten Schneckenmittel (8) bewegt zu werden, um zu ermöglichen, dass inerte Materialien aus der Primärkammer (6) bewegt werden.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Gehäusekörper (2) eine erste Zugangsöffnung (24), um ein erstes Gemisch in die Primärkammer (6) einzuleiten, und eine zweite Zugangsöffnung (26), ein zweites Gemisch in eine Sekundärkammer (28) zum Trocknen von inerten Materialien einzuleiten, die von dem Gehäusekörper (2) umgeben und von der Primärkammer (6) getrennt ist, begrenzt.
  6. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei das erste Gemisch eine feinere Partikelgröße in Bezug auf das zweite Gemisch und einen höheren Gewichtsprozentsatz an polymeren/organischen Substanzen in Bezug auf den Prozentsatz an inertem Material aufweist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei sich der Gehäusekörper (2) einhergehend mit dem Behandlungskörper (4) dreht und wobei der Gehäusekörper (2) zweite Schneckenmittel (30) aufweist, die radial nach innen vorstehen, um das zweite Gemisch entlang des Gehäusekörpers (2) zu bewegen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die ersten Schneckenmittel (8) und die zweiten Schneckenmittel (30) einander gegenüberliegen, sodass durch Drehung (R1) in einer vorbestimmten Richtung die ersten Schneckenmittel (8) so ausgerichtet sind, dass sie das erste Gemisch in der distalen Richtung (S1) bewegen, und die zweiten Schneckenmittel (30) so ausgerichtet sind, dass sie das zweite Gemisch in einer proximalen Richtung (S4) bewegen.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, optional wenn abhängig von Anspruch 7 oder 8, wobei das erste Schneckenmittel (8) und/oder das zweite Schneckenmittel (30) eine oder mehrere radiale Rippen (32, 34) aufweisen, die in einer Spirale oder in Fischgrätenform angeordnet sind, die sich von dem Behandlungskörper (4) und/oder dem Gehäusekörper (2) radial in Richtung der Längsachse (L) erstreckt.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6-9, wobei die Sekundärkammer (28) die Primärkammer (6) in einer radialen Richtung teilweise überschneidet, um von dieser die inerten Materialien des ersten Gemischs aufzunehmen und diese zu trocknen, wobei die Sekundärkammer (28) ein ringförmiger Spalt (36) zwischen dem Gehäusekörper (2) und dem Behandlungskörper (4) ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6-10, wobei der Flammenausbreitungskörper (12) einen Körpereinlass (38) begrenzt, der mit der Sekundärkammer (28) kommuniziert, um es den Verbrennungsabgasen zu ermöglichen, in die Kammer (28) zu strömen (S5), wobei die zweite Zugangsöffnung (26) axial distal in Bezug auf den Körpereinlass (38) versetzt ist, sodass das zweite Gemisch durch die Abgase vorgewärmt wird.
  12. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, aufweisend einen zweiten feststehenden Kopf (40), der distal mit dem Gehäusekörper (2) verbunden ist und eine dritte Zugangsöffnung (42) zu der Sekundärkammer (28) begrenzt, die distal in Bezug auf die zweite Zugangsöffnung (26) angeordnet ist, um inertes Neumaterial in die Sekundärkammer (28) einzuleiten, wobei der Gehäusekörper (2) radiale Hebetaschen (44) aufweist, die derart konfiguriert sind, dass während der Drehung des Gehäusekörpers (2) das inerte Neumaterial von den Taschen (44) zu einem Niveau transportiert wird, das gleich oder größer als die Längsachse (L) ist, und aus den Taschen (44) austritt, um die Verbrennungsabgase zu durchlaufen, um so die Abgase zu kühlen und das inerte Neumaterial durch einen Gas/Feststoff-Wärmeaustausch zu trocknen.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Gehäusekörper (2) mit einem Neigungswinkel (α) der Längsachse (L) in Bezug auf eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Referenzebene (P), die im Bereich von 2-15°, zum Beispiel im Bereich von 3-8° liegt, abgestützt wird.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, optional wenn abhängig von Anspruch 4, wobei das erste Gemisch und/oder das zweite Gemisch ein zerkleinertes Asphaltmaterial aufweist oder daraus besteht, das durch mechanisches Entfernen der Schichten eines Straßenbelags zurückgewonnen wurde, d.h. Asphaltbeton, der inerte Gesteinsmaterialien und polymere/organische Substanzen in Form von Bitumen und optionalen synthetischen Harzen aufweist.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, aufweisend:
    - Abschaltmittel (74), die sich stromaufwärts des Brenners (10) befinden und konfiguriert sind, die Strömungsrate eines Brennstoffs - zum Beispiel gasförmig und/oder flüssig - zu dem Brenner (10) zu regulieren;
    - erste thermometrische Detektionsmittel (76), die mit den Abschaltmitteln (74) funktionell verknüpft sind;
    wobei auf der Grundlage eines oder mehrerer gemessener Temperatursignale, die von den ersten thermometrischen Detektionsmitteln (76) gesendet werden, die Abschaltmittel (74) derart steuerbar sind, dass die Strömungsrate des Brennstoffs reduziert oder erhöht wird.
  16. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die ersten thermometrischen Detektionsmittel (76) an dem Brenner (10), an der Primärkammer (6), in mindestens einem Punkt der Bewegung des inerten Materials innerhalb der Vorrichtung (1) und/oder in mindestens einem Abfuhrbereich (78) des inerten Materials aus der Vorrichtung (1) angeordnet sind.
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US4919538A (en) * 1989-07-26 1990-04-24 Swisher Jr George W Drum mixer having a combined mixing and heating zone
US7993048B1 (en) * 2007-04-16 2011-08-09 Collette Jerry R Rotary thermal recycling system
US8168043B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2012-05-01 Eau-Viron Incorporated Retort apparatus and method for continuously processing liquid and solid mixtures and for recovering products therefrom
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