EP3713673A1 - Broyeur à broches doté de disques munis de broches - Google Patents

Broyeur à broches doté de disques munis de broches

Info

Publication number
EP3713673A1
EP3713673A1 EP18812097.6A EP18812097A EP3713673A1 EP 3713673 A1 EP3713673 A1 EP 3713673A1 EP 18812097 A EP18812097 A EP 18812097A EP 3713673 A1 EP3713673 A1 EP 3713673A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
pins
disc
pin mill
mill according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18812097.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Lieberwirth
Christos Aneziris
Christian Weigelt
Tim Hühnerfürst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg filed Critical Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg
Publication of EP3713673A1 publication Critical patent/EP3713673A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/22—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to pin mills with discs with pins.
  • jet mills produce a comparable grinding result, due to the high specific energy requirement of this type of mill and the resulting energy inefficiency in material shredding, jet mills can only be used economically for the comminution of very high-grade materials.
  • Pin mills are characterized by the fact that the materials bounce off the pins as they flow through the pin rows of the pin mill and are smashed.
  • EP 0 200 003 A2 discloses a mixer with a pin mill.
  • Pin mills are primarily used in the food, building materials and chemical industries. In these mills, loading speeds of up to approximately 200 m / s are achieved.
  • abrasive grinding material causes high wear on the grinding tools. Both the particularly high hardness of the abrasive materials and the sharp-edged shapes of the individual particles play a decisive role here for the significant increase in wear.
  • the wear is on the order of magnitude, making the process uneconomical.
  • protective layers can be applied to the body of a steel material. These are, for example, ceramic protective layers in conjunction with a frictional material coupling to the base material. However, it has been shown that even small flaking of the applied wear protection layers in a short time lead to damage of the rest of the grinding body and the attached pins.
  • the publication CH 360 014 A discloses a ceramic composite body, in particular for mechanical engineering and a method for its production.
  • the ceramic composite body consists of fired mineral substances and deposits, which are at least predominantly within the ceramic base material.
  • the fired ceramic material is biased in the unloaded state by pressure, that the deposits whose material has a greater cooling-contraction coefficient than the ceramic material, are biased to train.
  • the inserts are rods or wires with axial alignment.
  • the composite body realized in this way is a material composite.
  • the document US 2005/0 211 810 A1 discloses a rotor centrifugal crusher. The main focus is on increasing the hardness of the impact-loaded surfaces of the rotor centrifugal crusher.
  • Cermets which consist of a metallic and a ceramic phase, are characterized by particularly high hardness and wear resistance. Due to their lower bending strength, these materials are limited in use.
  • Cermets are known to be produced by powder metallurgy. They can be obtained according to the document GB 21 48 270 A but also by infiltration of porous SiC ceramic with molten aluminum at 700 ° C and a pressure of 46 MN / m2.
  • the document DE 39 14 010 C2 discloses a method for the production of metal-ceramic composite materials in which a porosity of defined porosity of a plurality of layers is infiltrated with molten aluminum.
  • the indicated in claim 1 invention has for its object to provide pin mills for high mechanical stresses easy.
  • the pin mills are characterized in particular by the fact that they can be used in particular even under high mechanical stresses.
  • the outer rows of pins of these mills realized stress rates of well over 100 m / s and with increasing tendency, the dynamic stresses in the impact even small Mahlgutpelle are very high.
  • the disc of a fine-grained ceramic or a metal-ceramic composite material of high strength and the pins of a metal-ceramic composite material high hardness are not exclusively a combination of ceramic particles with a metal matrix in a composite material with corresponding increased strength values and hardness values.
  • the pin mills are not exclusively a combination of ceramic particles with a metal matrix in a composite material with corresponding increased strength values and hardness values.
  • a high strength of the components ensures a longer service life.
  • Only the appropriate toughness in combination with high strength prevents the formation of flakes in a component subject to impact.
  • Components which are provided in particular with a wear protection material on the surface are predestined for forming flaking of the cover layer at the interface between the base body and the applied wear protection layer.
  • the pin mills are advantageously characterized by a cohesive connection between the base body and the protective layer, wherein ceramic wear protection layers are applied to the fast-rotating mill components. Only by this fact are extremely high adhesive strengths of the cover layer and a high strength at the same time high toughness of the entire component produced. Thus, surface ceramic coated components can be used for use as high speed components.
  • a composite material of ceramic and steel is used for the production of the stator and the rotor, wherein a homogeneous distribution of ceramic particles in the initial powdery matrix of the steel is present as a second material.
  • This is not a composite of materials such as fibers, wires, rods or plates embedded in a matrix, for example.
  • the steel matrix of the composite ensures sufficient toughness of the mill components as well as the possibility of mechanical post-processing for balancing and prevents tearing of the stator or rotor under impact loading. Ceramic particles with particularly high hardness are embedded in the steel matrix. These ensure increased wear resistance of the stator and the rotor.
  • the components of the pin mill and in particular advantageously the rotating disc and / or the pins mounted thereon consist of a composite material of metal and ceramic.
  • the stator may be formed according to the rotor as a disc with the pins.
  • strength in this case high strength of the disk
  • hardness in this case high hardness of the pins
  • the strength describes the resistance to deformation and breakage.
  • the hardness is defined as the resistance of a material to the penetration of a foreign body.
  • the pin mill is particularly advantageously also suitable for disintegration comminution in ore processing, wherein these can be used in processing plants that are optimized for wear.
  • abrasive for example, highly quartz-containing materials such as ore-containing quartz sands or quartz-containing ores can be crushed. This can also be done at high strain rates, so that a full digestion in the finest possible range is guaranteed.
  • the predominant in selective crushing impact loads are particularly advantageous for a high recycling material with low specific energy consumption.
  • the ceramic of the composite is optionally a fine and / or coarse-grained ceramic.
  • the grain size of the coarse-grained ceramic is optionally equal to / greater than 100 pm and less than or equal to 6 mm. Furthermore, the coarse fraction of the ceramic is equal to / greater than 5 vol .-% and less than or equal to 30 vol .-% of the composite material. This provides improved wear resistance with high toughness.
  • the composite material optionally consists of equal to or greater than 30% by volume and less than or equal to 90% by volume of ceramic. In particular, this is advantageous for the disc of the pin mill.
  • the detachment of already a few millimeters large particles can have fatal consequences in view of the high dynamics of the mill and lead to the sudden failure of all pens.
  • the components used do not necessarily have similar melting points.
  • At 30 vol.% Of a reinforcement phase (ceramic) in the matrix (metal) the formation of a continuous ceramic phase within the matrix is not expected. Therefore, the metallic character of the composite dominates with respect to mechanical properties (fracture toughness, tensile strength and so on) and is improved by the embedded ceramic particles in terms of wear resistance.
  • the metal of the composite is optionally a powder having particles of size equal to / greater than 0.05 pm and less than or equal to 100 pm. This concerns the metal powder mixtures as starting materials.
  • the steel powders used are known to be produced by gas atomization from the melt and have a spherical particle shape. Furthermore, these primary particles are not modified by milling processes or the like in their morphology.
  • the disk and / or pins optionally include or have at least one layer of a ceramic or a metal or a metal-ceramic composite.
  • the layer is for this purpose applied by flame spraying or plasma spraying or soldering or build-up welding or cold spraying and subsequent sintering layer.
  • the superficial layer is a coating or a material composite and not a composite material. This does not result in a combination of properties of the components, but rather for (local) utilization of the respective properties of the individual materials. Ceramic protective coatings are excellently suitable as a wear-resistant coating due to their particularly high strengths.
  • the soft / tough metal matrix of the metal-ceramic composite material With the soft / tough metal matrix of the metal-ceramic composite material, it is possible to finish the produced discs, pins or discs with the pins as components before coating or to balance for the highly dynamic rotary motion. Another advantage is the interlocking of the phase boundary between the layer and the disc and / or pins.
  • the advantageous material approach involves the production of ceramic-coated composite material, which gives the ductile metal matrix with embedded hard ceramic particles sufficient toughness and wear resistance and high damage tolerance. Any necessary balancing of the rapidly rotating parts by mechanical post-processing is still possible due to the toughness of the matrix body. By combining fine-grained and coarse-grained particles, the machinability, the mechanical properties and the wear resistance are adjustable for the respective application.
  • the disc and / or the teeth can be materially bonded by one or more coatings (ceramic / metallic / metalloceramic) by means of, for example, flame spraying with the metal-ceramic composite material.
  • This method enables the processing of various metal-ceramic mixtures and the targeted application of variable material composites. Due to the material similarities between the base body and wear protection layer highest bond strengths are achieved. Thus, in the field of ceramic wear protection materials, sufficient toughness is possible for use in the event of impact stresses occurring. In addition, the excellent wear properties of the ceramics used can be used under conditions of wear, abrasion, adhesion, high temperature and corrosion.
  • the outstanding adhesive strength of the protective layer can be adapted and the toughness of the coated composite material adjusted individually. It can be a wide range of applications in a variety of areas are made possible. That can be advantageously achieved by a similar ceramic in the composite material and in the applied metallo-ceramic protective layer, with an above-average adhesion between the layer and disc and / or pins can be achieved. The otherwise recorded early flaking at a typical function load can be prevented. Due to the high wear resistance of ceramics, particularly wear-resistant mill bodies can also be realized in applications, for example, in the chemical industry, the pharmaceutical industry or in food processing. In particular, the high adhesive strength of the applied wear protection layer allows economical comminution with fast rotating parts in many abrasive products such as rice husks and color pigments.
  • the disc and / or the pins can be processed mechanically or chemically or electrochemically, so that the ceramic or metallic or metalloceramic coating adheres well to the processed composite material.
  • the pins are optionally applied to the disc or with an end portion inserted into the disc pins, wherein the disc and / or the pins are not sintered or sintered and the pins are joined by gluing, soldering, welding, a subsequent firing or a combination thereof ,
  • the pins are so applied or introduced pins and thus both the disc both sintered and not sintered, for example, before a subsequent fire occurs.
  • the application or introduction can be done so universally.
  • the parts as a disc / pin made of different materials are glued.
  • a positive connection and material connection between pin and disc can be present. This allows a mechanically reliable connection even under harsh conditions.
  • the joining compound is formed during sintering (above 1300 ° C) and is thus stable even when heated by the grinding process.
  • the pins are optionally inserted directly after the original molding without sintering in a non-sintered disc and subsequently sintered with the non-sintered disc. This can be advantageously saved energy costs.
  • the pins are optionally inserted as sintered pins in a non-sintered disc.
  • This disc with these pins are sintered together.
  • the method of installation and thus the anchoring of the pins in the disc are decisive for the overall performance of the pin mill and therefore characteristic of the proposed variant.
  • a material-appropriate sintering of the pins at be realized with respect to the disk sintering temperature higher temperature. This makes it possible to optimize the density, strength, hardness and thus the wear resistance of the pins.
  • the connection then takes place in the downstream sintering process of both components. If both components (pin / disc) are made of identical material, they can also be sintered together immediately.
  • a prior sintering of the pins they can also be shrunk into the disc by the changed Sinterschwindung for better mechanical anchoring.
  • the ceramic may each be at least one carbide, a nitride, a boride, an oxide or a mixture with a combination thereof.
  • the ceramic of the layer may each be at least one carbide, a nitride, a boride, an oxide or a mixture with a combination thereof.
  • the ceramics of the disc, the pins and the layer may be alumina, zirconia, magnesia aluminate spinel, titania, silica, silicon nitride, silicium carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, sialones, MAX phases or a mixture with a combination thereof.
  • the metal of the disc and pins may be steel, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, titanium, iron, silicon, tungsten, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, aluminum, magnesium, an alloy thereof or a mixture thereof.
  • the composite optionally has carbon which may be present as an alloying element in the metal or for the in situ formation of phases, for example of carbides, or also freely for the purpose of defusing impact sensitivity.
  • the pin mill is further characterized by the fact that powder from primary processes, for example by atomization or melt synthesis with grinding, used, mixed and processed into moldings or semifinished and used by thermal spraying for surface coating of a part.
  • FIG. 1 is a disc with pins of a pin mill
  • Fig. 2 shows a pin in a sectional view
  • Fig. 3 is a pin in a disk in a sectional view.
  • a pin mill essentially has discs 1 with pins 2.
  • Fig. 1 shows a disc 1 with pins 2 of a pin mill in a schematic representation.
  • the disc 1 consists of a fine-grained ceramic or a metal-ceramic composite material of high strength.
  • the pins 2 are made of a metal-ceramic composite material of high hardness.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a disc 1 with pins 2, wherein only a limited number of pins 2 are shown. In such an embodiment, the pins 2 are spaced apart in three circles.
  • Fig. 1 shows here only by way of example from inside to outside two, four and nine pins 2 per circle. There may be recesses between the three annular surfaces with the pins 2.
  • the ceramic of the composite material is a coarse-grained ceramic with a grain size equal to or greater than 100 pm.
  • the coarse fraction of the ceramic is at least 5 vol .-% of the composite material.
  • the composite consists of at least 30 vol .-% ceramic.
  • the pins 2 may be in a first embodiment, applied to the disc 1 or introduced with an end portion in the disc 1 pins 2, wherein the disc 1 and / or the pins 2 are not sintered or sintered and the pins 2 by gluing, soldering, Welding, a subsequent fire or a combination thereof are joined.
  • the pins 2 can be inserted in a second embodiment, directly after the original molding without sintering in a non-sintered disc 1 and subsequently sintered with the non-sintered disc 1.
  • the pins 2 may be inserted as sintered pins 2 in a non-sintered disc 1 in a third embodiment, and this disc 1 may be sintered with these pins 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a pin 2 in a schematic sectional view.
  • the disc 1 and / or the pins 2 may have at least one layer 3 made of a ceramic or a metal or a metal-ceramic composite, the layer 3 being a flame-spraying or Plasma spraying or soldering or build-up welding or cold spraying and subsequent sintering applied layer 3 is.
  • Fig. 3 shows a pin 2 in a disc 1 in a schematic sectional view.
  • the disc 1 and the pin 2 consist for example of a metal-ceramic composite material.
  • the ceramic of the pin 2 has a coarse-grained ceramic 4 and a fine-grained ceramic 5 in a fine-grained matrix 6.
  • the pin 2 has, for example, by means of flame spraying applied ceramic and / or metallic and / or metallo-ceramic layers 3a to 3c.
  • the ceramic is in each case at least one carbide, a nitride, a boride, an oxide or a mixture with a combination thereof.
  • the ceramic may be alumina, zirconia, magnesia aluminate spinel, titania, silica, silicon nitride, silicium carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, sialones, MAX phases, or a mixture with a combination thereof.
  • the metal is steel, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, titanium, iron, silicon, tungsten, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, aluminum, magnesium, an alloy thereof, or a mixture thereof.
  • the composite material may comprise carbon.
  • the pin 2 is machined from a compact material.
  • the basis for this is a particle size optimized offset of 90% by volume of aluminum oxide (up to and including 3 mm) and 10% by volume of a high-alloyed steel powder (up to and including 100 ⁇ m), which is dewatered as an aqueous slip in a pressure slip casting plant at 20 bar and is heat treated by a heater.
  • the pin 2 has a coated wear protection layer of pure aluminum oxide, wherein the order takes place with a rotating pin 2 by means of flame spraying. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des broyeurs à broches, dotés de disques munis de broches. Lesdits broyeurs à broches se caractérisent en particulier en ce qu'ils peuvent s'utiliser en particulier même en présence de fortes sollicitations mécaniques. A cet effet, les disques se composent d'une céramique à grains fins ou d'un matériau composite métal-céramique de haute résistance et les broches se composent d'un matériau composite métal-céramique de dureté élevée.
EP18812097.6A 2017-11-23 2018-11-23 Broyeur à broches doté de disques munis de broches Withdrawn EP3713673A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017010910.9A DE102017010910A1 (de) 2017-11-23 2017-11-23 Stiftmühle mit Scheiben mit Stiften
PCT/EP2018/082341 WO2019101907A1 (fr) 2017-11-23 2018-11-23 Broyeur à broches doté de disques munis de broches

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3713673A1 true EP3713673A1 (fr) 2020-09-30

Family

ID=64572320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18812097.6A Withdrawn EP3713673A1 (fr) 2017-11-23 2018-11-23 Broyeur à broches doté de disques munis de broches

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3713673A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017010910A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019101907A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1712960U (de) * 1954-05-19 1955-12-15 Alpine Ag Eisengiesserei Und M Mahlscheibe fuer stiftmuehlen.
CH360014A (de) * 1957-05-02 1962-01-31 Klanke Gerhard Dr Keramischer Verbundkörper, insbesondere für den Maschinenbau und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
GB2148270A (en) 1983-10-22 1985-05-30 British Ceramic Res Ass Cermet materials
DE3515318A1 (de) 1985-04-27 1986-10-30 Draiswerke Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim Stiftmuehle fuer mischer
DE3914010C2 (de) 1989-04-26 1995-09-14 Osaka Fuji Corp Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metall-Keramik-Verbundwerkstoffen sowie Verwendung des Verfahrens zur Steuerung der Materialeigenschaften von Verbundwerkstoffen
JPH08206524A (ja) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-13 Hitachi Metals Ltd 粉砕機用衝撃ピン
JPH10370A (ja) * 1996-06-13 1998-01-06 Kansai Matetsuku Kk 粉砕ピン式粉砕機
CN1162872C (zh) * 1999-12-27 2004-08-18 住友特殊金属株式会社 铁基磁性材料合金粉末的制造方法
US7090159B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2006-08-15 Kennametal Inc. Invertible center feed disk for a vertical shaft impact crusher
DE102005001198A1 (de) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-20 H.C. Starck Gmbh Metallische Pulvermischungen
DE102014101786B4 (de) 2014-02-13 2016-12-22 Hamburg Dresdner Maschinenfabriken Gmbh Gegenläufige Stiftmühle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019101907A1 (fr) 2019-05-31
DE102017010910A1 (de) 2019-05-23

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