EP3707779B1 - Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für ein elektrisches gerät und verbindungsverfahren mit dieser vorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für ein elektrisches gerät und verbindungsverfahren mit dieser vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3707779B1
EP3707779B1 EP18814865.4A EP18814865A EP3707779B1 EP 3707779 B1 EP3707779 B1 EP 3707779B1 EP 18814865 A EP18814865 A EP 18814865A EP 3707779 B1 EP3707779 B1 EP 3707779B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
recess
connection
connection device
recesses
connection pad
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18814865.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3707779A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Dumont
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Socomec SA
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Socomec SA
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Publication of EP3707779A1 publication Critical patent/EP3707779A1/de
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Publication of EP3707779B1 publication Critical patent/EP3707779B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/38—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a clamping member acted on by screw or nut
    • H01R4/44—Clamping areas on both sides of screw
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/38—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a clamping member acted on by screw or nut
    • H01R4/46—Clamping area between two screws placed side by side

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connection device for an electrical appliance, this device comprising a connection pad and two mounting flanges, including an upper mounting flange and a lower mounting flange, arranged on each side of the connection pad and arranged to fix at least one conductor on said connection pad.
  • the invention also relates to a connection method for an electrical appliance, in which at least one conductor is fixed on a connection pad by means of a fixing flange.
  • connection pads which are coupled to internal electrical contacts.
  • the connection pads come out of the housing of said devices by faces, to allow the connection of conductors ensuring an incoming and outgoing current.
  • the connection pads are flat and crossed by a fixing hole. They are completed by accessories, or connection kits, in which the stripped end of said conductors is fixed. These accessories are superimposed on said connection pads to be fixed thereto via the through hole.
  • a connection area may receive a number of conductors greater than one and for example two, four, or six, which may be in the form of cables with one or more strands, of diameters identical or different, or flat conductor bars.
  • the clamping force is not the same depending on the type of conductor considered (single-stranded cable, multi-stranded cable, bar). Tightening needs to be checked periodically to compensate for accidental misadjustment due to fatigue of the fasteners, and to vibrations generated for example in the event of a short circuit.
  • the publication JP S50 26388 U offers a solution for connecting a main conductor and two branch conductors parallel to each other on the same connection area, by means of two fixing flanges placed on either side of the connection area and each provided with clamping screws dedicated, that is a total of three screws to tighten for three conductors, which does not solve the entire problem.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a new compact connection device because it offers significant space savings in electrical cabinets, ergonomic, user-friendly, easy and quick to implement thanks to the few screw-on, versatile members. to be able to meet several connection configurations, multifunction because it allows to add functionalities, reliable and secure thanks to an automatic compensation of the tightening in the event of fatigue or vibrations.
  • each fixing flange has two open-ended and parallel recesses, in that said connection area comprises on each of its faces two open-ended recesses and parallel, opposite the indentations of said fixing flanges to define between said indentations four housings for conductors, including two lower housings and two upper housings, and in that said clamping means are through and arranged to pass through the assembly formed by superposition of the upper fixing flange, of the connection area and of the lower fixing flange, and have a bearing stop arranged between the connection area and one of the fixing flanges so that said clamping means make it possible to differentiate the clamping between at least the two lower housings and the two upper housings, or vice versa.
  • the through clamping means may include a single central tie rod.
  • the fixing flanges and the connection pad comprise a single central through hole arranged between the parallel recesses to receive said single central tie rod, and said single central tie rod comprises said support stop so that said clamping means allow to differentiate the clamping between the two lower housings and the two upper housings.
  • the through clamping means may include two lateral tie rods.
  • the fixing flanges and the connection area comprise two through holes arranged outside the parallel indentations, each to receive a lateral tie rod, and said lateral tie rods each comprise a bearing stop so that said means of clamping make it possible to differentiate the clamping between the four housings.
  • the single central tie-rod or the lateral tie-rods comprise a shoulder forming said bearing stopper arranged between said connection pad and the upper fixing flange. They are threaded at least on two end sections, including an upper section and a lower section, the lower section cooperating with an internal thread provided in the lower flange, the upper section cooperating with a clamping nut, and said upper section comprising a axial impression for a tool.
  • the through clamping means may further include a central rod parallel to said lateral tie rods.
  • the fixing flanges and the connection pad further comprise a third through hole arranged between the parallel recesses to receive said rod.
  • said central rod has a thread at least on a lower end section arranged to cooperate with a thread provided in the lower fixing flange so as to tighten the four housings simultaneously.
  • the tapping provided in the lower fixing flange may advantageously consist of a captive nut housed in a corresponding recess of said lower fixing flange.
  • the connection device may include a cover fixed to the lower fixing flange to retain said captive nut.
  • connection device comprises return means arranged between the fixing flanges and the connection pad to keep said housings open when the through clamping means are not tightened.
  • return means may include two return members arranged around said single central tie rod or said central rod between the connection pad and each of the fixing flanges respectively. They may include four return members arranged two by two around the lateral tie rods between the connection pad and each of the fixing flanges respectively. Finally, they can include a single return member arranged around the central rod between the fixing flanges and passing freely through the connection area.
  • At least the upper fixing flange comprises a countersink the depth of which corresponds at least to the thickness of said bearing stop or of said compressed return member.
  • connection pad can be made up of a single piece, or of two symmetrical parts with respect to a median plane parallel to the fixing flanges, including an upper part and a lower part each comprising two of the four parallel footprints.
  • connection pad can be arranged to receive between its two parts a flat conductive bar.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical device comprising an electrical connection device as defined above in which the connection pad forms an integral part of said electrical device.
  • connection process can be completed by screwing the central rod by means of a third tool formed of a torque wrench to simultaneously tighten the four conductors in their housings.
  • connection device as defined above to connect a number of conductors greater than or equal to one and less than or equal to six, these conductors possibly having different diameters between lower housing and upper housing.
  • This connecting device can also be used to connect a conductor bar. It can also be used as a current distributor.
  • connection device 1 makes it possible to illustrate very clearly the differences in design between a connection device 1 according to the prior art and a connection device 10 according to the invention, and the results obtained in particular in terms of ergonomics for accessing the fixing screws, user-friendliness as regards the number of fixing screws to be screwed, and space requirement in an electrical cabinet (not shown), in accordance with the drawbacks of the state of the art and the advantages of the invention described above.
  • These two connection devices 1, 10 are illustrated side by side and each equip a pole P1, P2 of an electrical device 2 of the switch, circuit breaker type, or any other electrical device requiring a current supply. They each comprise four housings L1, L2, L3, L4 (jointly or individually called L) making it possible to connect four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 (not shown, jointly or individually called C).
  • connection device 1 of the prior art comprises a flat connection area 3 which emerges from a wall 4 of the box 5 of the electrical appliance 2, and an accessory 6, in the form of a two-level staircase, attached and fixed to the connection area 3 by a fixing screw 7.
  • the accessory 6 comprises four housings L, including two lower housings L1, L2 at the first level which cooperate with two fastening screws 7, and two upper housings L3, L4 at the first level. second level which cooperate with two other clamping screws 7.
  • the connection of four conductors C therefore requires screwing in five fixing screws 7 of which the two of the lower level located at the rear of the upper level may be more difficult to access.
  • connection device 10 of the invention comprises a connection area 11 which emerges from a wall 4 of the casing 5 of the electrical appliance 2, and two fixing flanges 12, 13, including an upper fixing flange 12 and a lower fixing flange 13, arranged on each side of the connection area 11 and retained by through clamping means.
  • the terms “upper” and “lower” used in the description relate to the vertical position of the device shown in the figures, which is not necessarily the actual position of its use, these terms not having to be interpreted in a sense. restrictive.
  • the fixing flanges 12 and 13 consist of identical parts, making it possible to simplify manufacture, without this exemplary embodiment being limiting.
  • the through clamping means comprise, in the example shown, three threaded rods common to the two fixing flanges 12, 13, two of which are identical called side tie rods 14 and a central rod 15, which are parallel, aligned, on the same level and thus easily accessible.
  • the connection of four conductors C therefore requires screwing only the three threaded rods which pass through the assembly of the connection device 10.
  • the connection device 10 of the invention is designed to facilitate the connection operation given that it makes it possible to differentiate the tightening of the conductors C, housing by housing L, by selectively tightening the two side tie rods 14, then the rod control unit 15.
  • the operator can thus put in place one conductor C after the other, by tightening or at least by pre-tightening each conductor C in its housing L before installing the next one, thus reducing the arduousness of the surgery.
  • the exemplary embodiment illustrated corresponds to the preferred form of the invention, but is not the only one possible. Indeed, the two side tie rods 14, without the central rod 15, or a single central tie 14 could be sufficient to allow the invention to solve the problem posed.
  • the electrical connection device 10 illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 4 to 10 is an item of equipment forming part of an electrical appliance 2, while the electrical connection device 120 illustrated in figure 11 is used alone, not linked to an electrical device, as a current distributor between, for example, an electrical supply network and one or more electrical devices 2. These examples show the flexibility of use of said device.
  • connection area 11 is made up of a single piece linked to the electrical appliance 2, while the fixing flanges 12, 13 are removable parts attached to the connection area 11.
  • These three parts (connection areas 11 and fixing flanges 12, 13) have a general shape which is part of a rectangular parallelogram, without this shape being limiting, and each comprises three through holes 16, aligned and regularly distributed, preferably smooth holes, to allow the passage of the side tie rods 14 and of the central rod 15.
  • the function of these parts is to conduct the current and are therefore made of an electrically conductive material, such as, for example, aluminum, copper, a alloy of these materials.
  • the fixing flanges 12, 13 also comprise on their face facing the connection area 11 two open-ended and parallel indentations 17, and the connection area 11 comprises on each of its faces facing the fixing flanges 12, 13 two same open-ended and parallel indentations 17 opposite to the indentations 17 of the fixing flanges 12, 13 to delimit between each pair of opposing indentations 17 a housing L passing through for a conductor C, that is to say a total of four housings L1, L2, L3, L4 for four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4, including two upper housings L3, L4 and two lower housings L1, L2 (see figures 12 to 17 ).
  • the number of dwellings L provided is equal to four, which allows symmetrical top / bottom, right / left distribution, and differentiated clamping housing by housing as explained below.
  • the length of the housings L corresponds to the depth of the connection device 10 and defines the clamping length of the conductors C which is standardized for a clamping torque determined according to the type of cable and its material.
  • These indentations 17 have in the example shown a generally hollow semi-cylindrical shape, making it possible to form substantially cylindrical housings L corresponding to the circular section of the majority of the conductors C.
  • the diameter of these housings L is self-contained.
  • the semi-cylindrical shape of the housings L is of course not limiting and extends to any other shape compatible with the shape of the conductors C to be connected.
  • the imprints 17 may be coated with a material promoting electrical contact, such as for example silver or the like.
  • the indentations 17 can also include a structured surface state to increase their anchoring capacity between the stripped metal part of the conductor C and the housing L during tightening in order to prevent the extraction of the conductor C from the housing L by traction. .
  • This structured surface condition can be achieved by a relief obtained by streaks, a grid, spikes, or any other design having the same technical effect.
  • the function of the through clamping means is to maintain the fixing flanges 12, 13 on the connection area 11 on the one hand in a passive position in which the housings L are open and empty (see fig. 1 , 8 , 10, 11 and 12 ), and on the other hand in an active position in which the housings L are closed on conductors C by means of a clamping force sufficient to secure the conductors C to the connection device 10.
  • This clamping force is normally adjusted to a standardized value , for example using a torque wrench.
  • the side tie rods 14 of the clamping means comprise a cylindrical rod provided with a shoulder between its lower and upper ends, this shoulder forming a bearing stop 18 arranged to be disposed between the connection area 11 and the upper fixing flange 12 in the example shown, or between the connection area 11 and the lower fixing flange 13 if the side tie rods 14 are inserted into the connection device 10 from bottom to top.
  • the lateral tie rods 14 are threaded at least on their two end sections, including an upper section 19 and a lower section 20, without this example being limiting, these threads being able to extend as far as the support stop 18.
  • the upper section 19 is arranged to cooperate with a tightening nut 21 via a washer 22, which can advantageously be an elastic washer of the Belleville type making it possible to automatically compensate for the dimensional variations due to thermal expansions.
  • the lower section 20 cooperates with either an internal thread provided in the lower flange 13 (not shown), or with a captive nut 23 housed in a recess 24 (see fig. 12 ) corresponding to the lower mounting flange 13, in accordance with the example shown.
  • the upper section 19 further comprises an axial cavity 25 arranged to cooperate with a first tool 26 (see fig. 13 ), provided for example with a hexagonal male end of the Allen key type, without this example being limiting.
  • the clamping nut 21 is for its part arranged to cooperate with a second tool 27 (see fig. 15 ), provided for example with a hexagonal female end, without this example being limiting. Indeed, the shape of the axial cavity 25 and that of the clamping nut 21 are not restricted to those shown and can extend to any other shape suitable for the tools used.
  • the central rod 15 of the clamping means ( figure 2 ) comprises a cylindrical rod terminated at its upper end by a head 28 which presses on the upper flange 12 by means of a washer 22, preferably elastic of the Belleville type, as for the side tie rods 14.
  • the head 28 is by hexagonal example to cooperate with a third tool 29, provided with a hexagonal female end, without this example is not limiting. It is threaded at least on its lower section 30, without this example being limiting, this thread being able to extend to the head 28.
  • the lower section 30 cooperates with either an internal thread provided in the lower flange 13 (not shown) , or with a captive nut 23 housed in a recess 24 (see fig. 12 ) corresponding to the lower mounting flange 13, as for the side tie rods 14.
  • connection device 10 further comprises return means arranged between the fixing flanges 12, 13 and the connection area 11 to automatically keep the housings L open when the clamping means are not tight (see fig. 1 , 8 , 10, 11 and 12 to 15 ), thus facilitating the insertion of the conductors C in said housings L.
  • the return means as illustrated in the figures comprise two return members 31, of the helical spring type without this example being limiting, arranged around the rod central 15 between respectively the connection area 11 and each of the fixing flanges 12, 13 ( figure 2 ).
  • the two return members 31 can be replaced by a single return member arranged around the central rod 15 between the two fixing flanges 12, 13, and passing freely through the connection area 11.
  • the fixing flanges 12, 13 each have three countersinks 32, the depth of which corresponds at least to l 'thickness of the support stop 18 and of the return member 31 compressed to prevent the production of a hyperstatic assembly which would prevent the conductors C from being correctly clamped in their housing L.
  • the two lateral countersinks 32 of the fixing flange upper 12 are designed to completely accommodate the support stop 18 of the side tie rods 14 when they are screwed and the upper housings L3 and L4 are empty (see fig. 4 ) allowing the upper fixing flange 12 to bear on the connection area 11.
  • the central countersink 32 of the upper 12 and lower 13 fixing flanges is provided for axially positioning the return member 31 corresponding, and to completely house said return member 31 in the same way as the support stop 18 when the upper housings L3, L4 are empty.
  • the fixing flanges 12, 13 are identical and interchangeable. This is the reason why they have the same recesses 24 and the same countersinks 32, although they are not useful depending on the position in which they are used.
  • the connection pad 11 is symmetrical with respect to a median plane parallel to said fixing flanges 12, 13 in order to be reversible.
  • the connection device 10 also comprises a cover 33 fixed to the lower fixing flange 13 to retain the captive nuts 23 ( figure 2 ).
  • This cover 33 has three through holes 16 smooth in the extension of the through holes 16 of the fixing flanges 12, 13 and of the connection area 11 to receive the end of the lower sections 20, 30 of the side tie rods 14 and of the central rod. 15 (see fig. 12 ).
  • the cover 33 is fixed to the lower fixing flange 13 by two clips 34 in opposition and in engagement with an external rim 35 provided on the corresponding faces of said flange.
  • any other reversible fixing means may be suitable.
  • the figures 4 to 11 illustrate some examples of connection configurations allowed by the connection device 10 of the invention to show the versatility of this device and the possible variations, these examples not being limiting.
  • the figure 4 shows the connection of two single conductors C1, C2 of the same diameter, in the two lower housings L1, L2, leaving the upper housings L3, L4 vacant. This configuration shows that after tightening the side tie rods 14 and the central rod 15, the upper fixing flange 12 rests tightly on the connection pad 11 while the lower fixing flange 13 is clamped on the stripped ends of the conductors. C1, C2 leaving a clearance with connection pad 11.
  • the figure 5 shows the connection of four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 of the same diameter, in the four housings L1, L2, L3, L4.
  • connection area 11 comprises three threaded holes 38 parallel to each other, perpendicular to the through holes 16, including two side holes and a central hole.
  • the figure 6 shows the connection of four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 in the four housings L1, L2, L3, L4, the two upper conductors C3, C4 having a diameter smaller than that of the lower conductors C1, C2.
  • This configuration shows that the displacement of the fixing flanges 12, 13 relative to the connection area 11 can be different in order to adapt the section of the housings L to the diameter of the conductors C.
  • the conductors C arrive opposite of the electrical appliance 2 parallel to the axis of the housings L of the connection device 10.
  • the figure 7 shows the case where the conductors C arrive from below perpendicular to the axis of the housings L of the connection device 10.
  • the same connection device 10 is not used but a connection device 100 with return is designed. angle, by mounting on the connection area 11 coming out of the electrical appliance 2, an extended connection area 11 'oriented perpendicularly and fixed by three screws 37 in the three threaded holes 38 of the connection area 11. Then, the fixing of the four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 is carried out in the same way as for figure 5 by means of the fixing flanges 12, 13 attached to the extended connection area 11 'with the side tie rods 14 and the central rod 15.
  • the figure 8 shows an alternative configuration allowing the connection of more than four conductors and for example six conductors C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C6.
  • the same connection device 10 is not used but an increased connection device 110 is designed, by mounting on the connection area 11 coming out of the electrical appliance 2, an extended connection area 11 ' oriented parallel and fixed with the upper fixing flange 12 by three threaded rods 14, 15, which can be constituted by three rods 15, in threads or captive nuts provided in the extended connection area 11 '(but not visible).
  • the first four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 are attached in the same way as in the figure 5 by means of the fixing flanges 12, 13 attached to the extended connection area 11 'with the side tie rods 14, and the central rod 15.
  • the two complementary conductors C5, C6 are fixed in the two upper housings L3, L4 defined between the connection area 11 and the upper fixing flange 12 with the two lateral tie rods 14, and the corresponding central rod 15.
  • the electrical appliance 2 is supplied not by conductors C in the form of cables, but by a conductive bar B.
  • the connection device 10 is used, in the closed position, that is to say the lateral tie rods 14 and the central rod 15 screwed to close the housings L, and the corresponding end of the conducting bar B is fixed by three screws 37 in the three threaded holes 38 on the front face of the connection area 11.
  • the conducting bar B may have a different width from that of the connecting device 10.
  • connection area 11 shows a connection device 120 used alone, not linked to an electrical appliance, to form a current distributor, without additional part.
  • the connection area 11 "consists of two parts 11a, 11b symmetrical with respect to a median plane parallel to the fixing flanges 12, 13, of which an upper part 11a and a lower part 11b each comprising two of the four indentations 17.
  • the two parts 11a, 11b are identical to the fixing flanges 12, 13, making it possible to simplify manufacture, without this exemplary embodiment being limiting.
  • the connection area 11 can thus accommodate between its two parts 11a, 11b the end of a flat conductive bar B.
  • the latter must be provided with through holes opposite the through holes 16 for the passage of the side tie rods 14 and the rod.
  • central 15 through the assembly formed by the upper fixing flange 12, the upper part 11a, the conductive bar B, the lower part 11b and the lower fixing flange 13.
  • the figures 12 to 17 are views in axial section of the connection device 10 of the invention illustrating the different steps of the connection method applied to four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4.
  • the connection device 10 is empty and the four housings L1, L2, L3, L4 are open thanks to the work of the return members 31 which tend to move the fixing flanges 12, 13 away from the connection area 11.
  • the assembly is retained by the central rod 15 and its two supports A1, A2 in opposition, formed respectively by its captive nut 23 in contact with the bottom of the recess 24 of the lower fixing flange 13, and by its head 28 in contact with the upper face of the upper fixing flange 12 via the washer 22.
  • the lateral tie rods 14 are inactive and each retained by their support A3 formed by their captive nut 23 in contact with the bottom of the recess 24 of the lower mounting flange 13.
  • the figure 13 shows the connection of a first conductor C1 in a first housing L1 located in the lower part of the device.
  • a first tool 26 engaged with the axial recess 25 of the lateral tie rod 14 located on the left in the figure, the operator screws the lateral tie rod 14 into its captive nut 23 which lowers the support stop 18 until it comes into contact with the connection area 11 creating a new support A5, causing the lower fixing flange 13 to rise to the connection area 11 according to the arrow T1 until the conductor C1 is tightened in its housing L1 .
  • the lower fixing flange 13 can tilt slightly clockwise around its support A1 with the central rod 15. The result obtained is a differentiated tightening, concentrated only at the level of the first housing L1, the other housing L2, L3, L4 remaining open.
  • the figure 14 shows the connection of a second conductor C2 in a second housing L2 located in the lower part of the device.
  • the operator screws the lateral tie rod 14 into its captive nut 23 which lowers the stopper. support 18 until it comes into contact with the connection area 11 creating the same support A5 as before, causing the lower fixing flange 13 to rise to the connection area 11 according to arrow T2 until the conductor is tightened C2 in its L2 slot.
  • the lower fixing flange 13 swings slightly counterclockwise around its support A1 with the central rod 15.
  • the result obtained is a differentiated tightening, concentrated this time. here only at the level of the second housing L2, the first housing L1 remaining tight, and the other two housings L3, L4 remaining open.
  • the figure 15 shows the connection of a third conductor C3 in a third housing L3 located in the upper part of the device.
  • a second tool 27 engaged with the tightening nut 21 of the lateral tie rod 14 located on the left in the figure, the operator screws the tightening nut 21 on the upper section 19 of the lateral tie rod 14 which descends until it comes into contact with the upper fixing flange 12 via its washer 22 forming a new support A6, then drives the upper fixing flange 12 with it towards the connection area 11 according to the arrow T3 until the conductor is tightened C3 in its L3 housing.
  • the upper fixing flange 13 swings slightly counterclockwise around the central rod 15 with respect to its through hole 16, eliminating the support A2 from its head 28, making it possible to generate a differentiated tightening only at the level of the third housing L3, the first and second housings L1, L2 remaining tight, and the last housing L4 remaining open.
  • the figure 16 shows the connection of a fourth conductor C4 in a fourth housing L4 located in the upper part of the device.
  • the operator screws the tightening nut 21 on the upper section 19 of the lateral tie rod 14 which goes down until entering into contact with the upper fixing flange 12 via its washer 22 forming the same support A6, then drives the upper fixing flange 12 with it towards the connection area 11 according to the arrow T4 until the conductor C4 is clamped in its housing L4.
  • the upper fixing flange 13 swings slightly clockwise around the central rod 15 relative to its through hole 16, making it possible to generate a differentiated tightening only at the level of the fourth housing L4, the other three housings L1, L2, L3 remaining tight.
  • connection device 10 makes it possible to individually tighten or pre-tighten each conductor C1, C2, C3, C4 in its housing L1, L2, L3, L4, and to complete this assembly by an overall safety tightening carried out in a last step of the connection method according to the invention illustrated in figure 17 .
  • a third tool 29 engaged with the head 28 of the central rod 15 the operator screws the central rod 15 into its captive nut 23 which descends until it comes into contact with the upper fixing flange 12 via its washer 22 reforming the initial support A2, and generates the rise of the lower fixing flange 13 towards the upper fixing flange 12, which allows simultaneous, controlled and uniform tightening on the four conductors C1, C2, C3, C4 , this force being able to be determined by the torque wrench of the third tool 29.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve the objectives set, namely a simple, practical, ergonomic, efficient, user-friendly connection method, which can make it possible to reduce the handling operations and the duration of intervention by the operator. , for an optimized result in terms of connection quality, durability of this connection, compactness of the device and a multitude of possible connection options.
  • the present invention is not limited to embodiments described but extend to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art within the limits of the appended claims.

Landscapes

  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
  • Connections Arranged To Contact A Plurality Of Conductors (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Elektrische Verbindungsvorrichtung (10, 100, 110, 120) für ein elektrisches Gerät (2), diese Vorrichtung enthält ein Anschlusspad (11, 11', 11") und zwei Befestigungsflansche, wobei der obere Befestigungsflansch (12) und der untere Befestigungsflansch (13), beiderseits des Anschlusspads (11, 11', 11") angeordnet sind, und dazu vorgesehen, mindestens einen Leiter (C) an diesem Anschlusspad über Spannmittel zu befestigen, jeder Befestigungsflansch (12, 13) enthält zwei durchgängige und parallele Hohlräume (17) und dieses Anschlusspad (11, 11', 11") enthält auf jeder seiner beiden Seiten zwei durchgängige und parallele Hohlräume (17), entgegengesetzt zu den Hohlräumen (17) dieser Befestigungsflansche (12, 13), um zwischen diesen Hohlräumen (17) vier Aussparungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) für die Leiter (C) zu bilden, davon zwei untere Aussparungen (L1, L2) und zwei obere Aussparungen (L3, L4), und die erwähnten Spannmittel sind durchführend und vorgesehen, durch die Verbindung hindurchzuführen, die durch das Übereinanderlegen des oberen Befestigungsflansches (12), des Anschlusspads (11, 11', 11") und des unteren Befestigungsflansches (13) entsteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erwähnten Spannmittel eine einzige zentrale Zugstange enthalten oder zwei seitliche Zugstangen (14), die jeweils eine Schulter enthalten, die einen Anschlag (18) bildet, der zwischen diesem Anschlusspad (11, 11', 11") und einem der Befestigungsflansche (11, 12) angeordnet ist, dadurch, dass sie an mindestens zwei Endstücken, und zwar einem oberen Endstück (19) und einen unteren Endstück (20) mit einem Gewinde versehen sind, dadurch dass das untere Endstück (20) mit einem Innengewinde zusammenarbeitet, das im unteren Flansch (13) vorgesehen ist, dadurch, dass das obere Endstück (19) mit einer Spannmutter (21) kooperiert und dadurch, dass dieses obere Endstück (19) einen axialen Hohlraum (25) für ein Werkzeug (26) enthält, so dass es möglich ist, mit diesen Spannmitteln den Anzug zwischen den beiden unteren Aussparungen (L1, L2) und den beiden oberen Aussparungen (L3, L4), oder zwischen den vier Aussparungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) zu differenzieren.
  2. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese durchführenden Spannmittel eine einzige zentrale Zugstange enthält, dadurch, dass die Befestigungsflansche (12, 13) und das Anschlusspad (11) ein einziges durchgängiges, zentrales Loch aufweisen, angeordnet zwischen den parallelen Hohlräumen (17) zur Aufnahme dieser einzigen zentralen Zugstange und dass diese einzige zentrale Zugstange den erwähnten Anschlag (18) enthält, so dass diese Spannmittel es erlauben, zwischen dem Anzug zwischen den beiden unteren Aussparungen (L1, L2) und den beiden oberen Aussparungen (L3, L4) zu differenzieren.
  3. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese durchführenden Spannmittel zwei seitliche Zugstangen enthalten (14), dass die Befestigungsflansche (12, 13) und das Anschlusspad (11) zwei durchgängige zentrale Löcher (16) aufweisen, angeordnet außerhalb der parallelen Hohlräume (17), um jeweils eine seitliche Zugstange (14) aufzunehmen und dass diese seitlichen Zugstangen (14) jeweils einen Anschlag (18) enthalten, so dass diese Spannmittel es erlauben, den Anzug zwischen den vier Aussparungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) zu differenzieren.
  4. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses durchführenden Spannmittel außerdem eine zentrale Stange (15) enthalten, parallel zu den seitlichen Zugstangen (14), dadurch, dass die Befestigungsflansche (12, 13) und das Anschlusspad (11) außerdem ein drittes durchführendes Loch (16) enthalten, angeordnet zwischen den parallelen Hohlräumen (17) zur Aufnahme dieser zentralen Stange (15), und dadurch, dass diese zentrale Stange (15) ein Gewinde an mindestens einem unteren Endstück (30) umfasst, das mit einem Innengewinde zusammenarbeitet, das im unteren Befestigungsflansch (13) vorgesehen ist, um so die vier Aussparungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) gleichzeitig zu spannen.
  5. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses im untere Befestigungsflansch (13) vorgesehene Innengewinde aus einer Einschlagmutter (23) besteht, untergebracht in einer entsprechenden Vertiefung (24) dieses unteren Befestigungsflanschs (13).
  6. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Gehäuse (33) enthält, befestigt am unteren Befestigungsflansch (13) um diese Einschlagmutter (23) zu halten.
  7. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Rückstellmittel enthält, die zwischen den Befestigungsflanschen (12, 13) und dem Anschlusspad (11) angeordnet sind, um diese Aussparungen (L) offen zu halten, wenn die durchführenden Spannmittel nicht angezogen sind.
  8. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Rückstellmittel zwei Rückstellelemente (31) enthält, die um die erwähnte einzige zentrale Zugstange oder diese zentrale Stange (15) angeordnet sind, zwischen jeweils dem Anschlusspad (11) und jedem der Befestigungsflansche (12, 13).
  9. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses Rückstellmittel vier Rückstellelemente enthält, die jeweils zu zweit um die seitlichen Stangen (14) angeordnet sind, zwischen jeweils dem Anschlusspad (11) und jedem der Befestigungsflansche (12, 13).
  10. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Rückstellmittel ein einziges Rückstellelement enthält, das um die zentrale Stange (15) zwischen den Befestigungsflanschen (12, 13) angeordnet sind und frei durch das Anschlusspad (11) führt.
  11. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens der obere Befestigungsflansch (12) eine Senkung (32) enthält, deren Tiefe mindestens der Dicke des erwähnten Anschlags (18) oder des erwähnten zusammengepressten Rückstellelementes (31) entspricht.
  12. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anschlusspad (11) aus einem einzigen Teil besteht.
  13. Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anschlusspad (11") aus zwei Teilen besteht, symmetrisch bezogen auf eine mediane Ebene, parallel zu den Befestigungsflanschen (12, 13), bei denen ein oberes Teil (11a) und das untere Teil (11b) jeweils zwei der vier parallelen Hohlräume (17) enthält, und dass dieses Anschlusspad (11") dafür ausgelegt ist, zwischen seinen beiden Teilen (11a, 11b) eine flache Stromschiene (B) aufzunehmen.
  14. Elektrisches Gerät (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine elektrische Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche enthält und dadurch, dass das erwähnte Anschlusspad (11) integraler Teil dieses elektrischen Gerätes (2) enthält.
  15. Verfahren zum Anschluss der Leiter (C) in einer elektrischen Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Verbindungsvorrichtung eingesetzt wird, bei der die durchführenden Spannmittel eine einzige zentrale Zugstange enthalten und dass chronologisch die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden, um vier Leiter (C1, C2, C3, C4) zu verbinden:
    - ein erster Leiter (C1) wird in eine der unteren Aussparungen gelegt, die sogenannte erste Aussparung (L1),
    - ein zweiter Leiter (C2) wird in die andere Aussparung gelegt, die sogenannte zweite Aussparung (L2),
    - die einzige zentrale Zugstange wird mit Hilfe eines ersten Werkzeugs (26) angezogen bis gegen den axialen Hohlraum (25), um eine Annäherung des unteren Befestigungsflanschs (13) an das Anschlusspad (11) zu veranlassen und nur den ersten und zweiten Leiter (C1, C2) in dieser ersten und zweiten Aussparung (L1, L2) einzuspannen.
    - ein dritter Leiter (C3) wird in eine der oberen Aussparungen gelegt, die sogenannte dritte Aussparung (L3),
    - ein vierter Leiter (C4) wird in die andere obere Aussparung gelegt, die sogenannte vierte Aussparung (L4),
    - die einzige zentrale Zugstange wird mit Hilfe eines zweiten Werkzeugs (27) angezogen bis gegen die Spannmutter (21), um eine Annäherung des oberen Befestigungsflanschs (12) an das Anschlusspad (11) zu veranlassen und nur den dritten und vierten Leiter (C3, C4) in dieser dritten und vierten Aussparung (L3, L4) einzuspannen.
  16. Verfahren zum Anschluss der Leiter (C) in einer elektrischen Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) eingesetzt wird, bei der die durchführenden Spannmittel zwei seitliche Zugstangen (14) enthalten und dass chronologisch die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden, um vier Leiter (C1, C2, C3, C4) zu verbinden:
    - ein erster Leiter (C1) wird in eine der unteren Aussparungen gelegt, die sogenannte erste Aussparung (L1),
    - die seitliche Zugstange (14), die sich auf der Seite der ersten Aussparung befindet, wird mit Hilfe eines ersten Werkzeugs (26) angezogen, bis gegen den axialen Hohlraum (25), um eine Annäherung des unteren Befestigungsflanschs (13) an das Anschlusspad (11) zu veranlassen und nur den ersten Leiter (C1) in dieser ersten Aussparung (L1) einzuspannen.
    - ein zweiter Leiter (C2) wird in die andere untere Aussparung gelegt, die sogenannte zweite Aussparung (L2),
    - die seitliche Zugstange (14), die sich auf der Seite der zweiten Aussparung befindet, wird mit Hilfe dieses ersten Werkzeugs (26) angezogen, bis gegen den entsprechenden axialen Hohlraum (25), um eine Annäherung des unteren Befestigungsflanschs (13) an das Anschlusspad (11) auf der Seite dieser zweiten Aussparung zu veranlassen und nur diesen zweiten Leiter (C2) in dieser zweiten Aussparung (L2) einzuspannen.
    - ein dritter Leiter (C3) wird in eine der unteren Aussparungen gelegt, die sogenannte dritte Aussparung (L3),
    - die seitliche Zugstange (14), die sich auf der Seite der dritten Aussparung befindet, wird mit Hilfe eines zweiten Werkzeugs (27) angezogen, bis gegen die entsprechende Spannmutter (21), um eine Annäherung des oberen Befestigungsflanschs (12) an das Anschlusspad (11) zu veranlassen und nur diesen dritten Leiter (C3) in dieser dritten Aussparung (L3) einzuspannen.
    - ein vierter Leiter (C4) wird in die andere obere Aussparung gelegt, die sogenannte vierte Aussparung (L4),
    - die seitliche Zugstange (14), die sich auf der Seite der vierten Aussparung dieses zweiten Werkezugs (27) befindet, wird angezogen, bis gegen die entsprechende Spannmutter (21), um eine Annäherung des oberen Befestigungsflanschs (12) an das Anschlusspad (11) auf der Seite der vierten Aussparung zu veranlassen und nur diesen vierten Leiter (C4) in dieser ersten Aussparung (L4) einzuspannen.
  17. Verbindungsverfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses Verbindungsverfahren beendet wird, indem die zentrale Stange (15) mit Hilfe eines dritten Werkzeugs (29) angezogen wird, das aus einem Drehmomentschlüssel besteht, um die vier Leiter (C1, C2, C3, C4) in ihren Aussparungen (L1, L2, L3, L4) einzuspannen.
  18. Einsatz der Verbindungsvorrichtung (10) nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, um eine Anzahl von Leitern (C) größer oder gleich eins und kleiner oder gleich sechs zu verbinden.
  19. Einsatz der Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 18, um Leiter (C) mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser zwischen den unteren Aussparungen (L1, L2) und den oberen Aussparungen (L3, L4) zu verbinden.
  20. Einsatz der Verbindungsvorrichtung nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 18 und 19, um außerdem eine leitende Schiene (B) zu verbinden
  21. Einsatz der Verbindungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 20 als Stromverteiler.
EP18814865.4A 2017-12-21 2018-12-04 Elektrische verbindungsvorrichtung für ein elektrisches gerät und verbindungsverfahren mit dieser vorrichtung Active EP3707779B1 (de)

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