EP3698387B1 - Arrangement and method for switching high voltages having a switching device and precisely one resistor stack - Google Patents

Arrangement and method for switching high voltages having a switching device and precisely one resistor stack Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3698387B1
EP3698387B1 EP18800563.1A EP18800563A EP3698387B1 EP 3698387 B1 EP3698387 B1 EP 3698387B1 EP 18800563 A EP18800563 A EP 18800563A EP 3698387 B1 EP3698387 B1 EP 3698387B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arrangement
resistor stack
contact
insulator
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18800563.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3698387A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard GÖHLER
Lutz-Rüdiger JÄNICKE
Subodh Kale
Bernd Kruska
Jörg Teichmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3698387A1 publication Critical patent/EP3698387A1/en
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Publication of EP3698387B1 publication Critical patent/EP3698387B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/008—Pedestal mounted switch gear combinations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/64—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein the break is in gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement and a method with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages.
  • the arrangement comprises a switching device which has two contact devices which are arranged in an insulator.
  • the contact devices are spaced apart from one another by an isolating gap, the isolating gap being able to be bridged by a movable contact piece.
  • a contactor is in contact with the resistor stack in a common housing.
  • the arrangement includes a high-voltage circuit breaker as the switching device, with two contact devices.
  • the contactors are spaced from each other with an isolating distance between the two contactors.
  • a movable contact piece is designed to bridge the isolating distance between the two contact devices when the switching device is switched on.
  • a contactor is in contact with the resistor stack, which limits electrical overvoltages at power-up.
  • the resistor stack includes plate-shaped resistors, which are braced between two metal plates via tie rods and are arranged in a common housing.
  • the first contact device in the form of an electrode is arranged in an electrically conductive manner on a metal plate, spaced apart from the opposite second contact device by a distance equal to the length of the isolating distance.
  • the second contact device is also in the form of an electrode, and fixedly arranged relative to the first contact device in an insulator.
  • the term insulator refers to mechanically stable, load-bearing housings, e.g. B. made of ceramic and / or composite materials, including plastic in particular.
  • the movable contact piece is arranged on a common longitudinal axis of the two contact pieces.
  • the movable contact piece When the switching device is in the open or switched-off state, the movable contact piece is completely on the side of one contact device and is moved in the direction of the second contact device when it is switched on in order to electrically bridge the isolating distance. The movement takes place until the movable contact piece with both contact devices, i. H. the first and the second contact device are in contact, in particular in electrical contact. When turned off, the movable contact piece is moved in the opposite direction until the movable contact piece is completely located on the side of the first contact device, and the first and second contact devices are electrically separated by the separation gap.
  • the two contact devices and the movable contact piece of the switching device and the resistor stack with its housing are arranged coaxially in a circular-cylindrical insulator, with the insulator or the insulator housing being sealed gas-tight at the ends via a flange.
  • the resistor stack with its housing is mechanically fastened to one flange, and the contact device with the movable contact piece is fastened to the other flange.
  • the housing with the resistor stack and the two contact devices with the movable contact piece are surrounded by insulating gas with which the insulator housing is filled.
  • the mechanical stability of the arrangement for switching high voltages is ensured via the insulator, which spatially encloses both the resistors in the housing and the two contact devices with the movable contact piece.
  • the insulator must be mechanically stable with sufficient wall thickness over its entire length in order to keep the insulating gas inside, in particular under a pressure of more than one bar.
  • the housing of the resistors must be mechanically stable and/or the insulator must be designed to bear the weight of the resistors with the housing and a contact device, particularly when the arrangement is mounted horizontally on the flanges.
  • a large wall thickness of the insulator over the entire length and a housing of the resistor stack increases the weight of the arrangement, as a result of which mechanical attachment of the arrangement on one side can be impossible, increases the price and the mechanical complexity.
  • a housing for the resistors arranged in the insulator at a distance from the insulator, with a gap between the housing and the insulator filled with insulating gas, increases the amount of insulating gas that is particularly harmful to the environment or the climate and increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the arrangement.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify an arrangement and a method with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages, which solves the disadvantages described above.
  • it is an object to specify a simple, inexpensive, mechanically stable arrangement which reduces the necessary amount of insulating gas compared to the prior art, allows the weight of the arrangement to be reduced and saves material.
  • the specified object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages with the features according to patent claim 1 and by a method for switching the arrangement according to patent claim 11 .
  • Advantageous refinements of the arrangement according to the invention with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages and/or the method for switching the arrangement are specified in the dependent claims.
  • the subjects of the main claims are among themselves and with features of subclaims and features of the subclaims can be combined with one another.
  • An arrangement according to the invention with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages includes a switching device with two contact devices arranged in an insulator, which are spaced apart from one another by an isolating distance. The isolating distance can be bridged by a movable contact piece.
  • a contactor is in contact with the resistor stack in a common housing. The housing is formed by direct plating of the resistor stack and insulator.
  • the formation of the housing through a direct coating of the resistor stack and the insulator saves an additional housing of the resistor stack, arranged between the resistor stack and the insulator with an insulating gas in the intermediate space.
  • the insulator is only arranged in the area of the switching device, ie in the area of the two contact devices and/or the movable contact piece.
  • the length of the insulator is reduced and an additional housing between the insulator and the resistor stack is saved, which reduces the weight of the arrangement according to the invention, in particular along a longitudinal axis of the arrangement. This allows for a simple, low-cost mounting of the arrangement, e.g. B. fixed by a support column on one side of the particular horizontal arrangement allows.
  • the amount of insulating gas is reduced compared to arrangements known from the prior art due to the direct coating of the resistor stack, without a gap between a housing of the resistor stack and an insulator housing.
  • the simple construction with a reduced length of the insulator and no additional housing for the resistor stack between the resistor stack and the insulator results in a cost-effective, simple construction which reduces environmental risks.
  • the direct coating of the resistor stack and insulator may be and/or include silicone. Silicone is weatherproof, a good electrical insulator, and inexpensive. Ribs can be formed along the outer lateral surface of the coating, in particular annular ribs running around the jacket, which provide good electrical insulation in the outer area along the longitudinal axis of the arrangement according to the invention, e.g. B. allow in wet weather.
  • a first and a second flange can be comprised by the arrangement according to the invention, between which exactly one resistor stack and the switching device are arranged, in particular one behind the other, on a common longitudinal axis. Electrical contacting of the switching device can take place via the flanges and/or the arrangement according to the invention can, for. B. on a carrier, in particular columnar carrier. It can e.g. B. on each flange a carrier can be attached, or only on one side on a flange, wherein a one-sided mechanical attachment can be made possible by the reduced weight of the arrangement according to the invention.
  • a drive can be arranged in or on a carrier, it being possible for a switching movement to be transmitted from the drive to the movable contact piece of the switching device via elements of a kinematic chain.
  • the carrier with drive can be attached to the flange on which the contact device with moving contact piece and in particular the insulator are arranged. This allows the switching movement directly from the drive via elements of the kinematic chain z. B. arranged in the carrier, are transferred to the movable contact piece.
  • a carrier with drive can alternatively or additionally be attached to the opposite flange on which the resistor stack is arranged. In doing so, e.g. B. include the contact device on the resistor stack, the movable contact piece and / or Elements of a kinematic chain, e.g. B. include an insulating rod, which is designed to transmit a drive movement to the movable contact piece.
  • a beam can be T-shaped, with two arrangements according to the invention, which each form an arm of the T-beam. High voltages of up to 1200 kV and/or high currents of a few hundred amperes can be switched as a result.
  • the resistor stack may include at least one tie rod configured to mechanically support the resistor stack.
  • a mechanically stable housing for the resistor stack which can bear a weight, can be dispensed with and/or an insulator which spatially encloses the resistor stack and/or mechanically stabilizes or supports it.
  • tie rods in particular tie rods arranged in a lattice form, e.g. B. on the outer periphery of the resistor stack, can enable high mechanical stability of the resistor stack.
  • the resistor stack can be clamped between a flange and a contact device, in particular via at least one tie rod, and/or the insulator and the contact devices can be load-bearingly connected to a flange, in particular a contact device load-bearingly connected to the flange via the insulator.
  • a mechanically stable arrangement according to the invention can be formed, with the advantages described above, which is stabilized or supported by the tie rods on the resistor stack side and by the insulator on the switching device side.
  • No isolator is necessary, e.g. B. made of ceramic, which is formed completely between the two flanges and mechanically carries the resistor stack and the switching device.
  • Shift rods can be designed with less weight be as an insulator spatially encompassing the resistor stack, which results in the advantages described above for the arrangement.
  • the flange on which the resistor stack is arranged can be mechanically stably connected to a carrier, in particular a columnar insulator.
  • the carrier can e.g. B. comprise a ceramic insulator, in particular with ribs on the outer periphery, for good electrical insulation.
  • a gear head can be arranged on the carrier, to which the flange is mechanically fastened, or the flange can be mechanically fastened directly to the carrier.
  • the carrier can e.g. B. upright, be arranged vertically on a foundation, with a longitudinal axis in particular of a columnar support substantially perpendicular to the plane of the foundation.
  • the resistor stack can be supported in a mechanically stable manner by the carrier via the flange and in particular via at least one tie rod, as a result of which no mechanical load is placed on the housing of the arrangement, which is designed in the form of the direct coating.
  • materials such as silicone can be used as a coating, which are light and weatherproof, but less mechanically stable than insulators, e.g. B. made of ceramic.
  • the resistor stack can include two plates, in particular two metal plates, via which the resistors of the resistor stack are clamped, in particular with at least one tie rod.
  • Metal plates provide a good electrical contact to the resistor stack and the plates can be used to mechanically clamp in a stable, homogeneous manner across the plate surface.
  • the resistor stack can be mechanically stably supported and clamped via the at least one tie rod and the two plates, with one plate at one end of the resistor stack and a second plate at the other end of the resistor stack.
  • the resistors are pressed or pressed together via the plates, resulting in good electrical contact between resistors and high mechanical stability or fixation of the resistors in the stack.
  • the resistor stack can be constructed from plate-shaped resistors, in particular in the form of columns, the plates being arranged along a longitudinal axis, in particular two adjacent plates in each case being in contact with one another in a form-fitting manner.
  • the resistors in plate form and the two metal plates in particular can have the same shape, in particular all the same shape.
  • the plate-shaped resistors and/or the metal plates in particular, can be cylindrical, e.g. B. circular-cylindrical. A large base and top area, with which adjacent plates are respectively in contact, results in good, even mechanical and electrical contact.
  • the housing can be weatherproof, particularly with annular ribs on the outer surface. Good, long-term stable insulation across the outer surface of the housing, particularly between the two flanges, can be achieved in this way.
  • a weatherproof material e.g. B. silicone
  • the inventive arrangement can be made durable, and protect the resistor stack and the switching device from the weather.
  • the arrangement can be essentially cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical, in particular with ring-shaped ribs along the outer lateral surface.
  • a circular-cylindrical shape enables high mechanical stability at low cost and is easy to manufacture.
  • a method according to the invention for switching the arrangement comprises that when switching on, a current path is closed via precisely one resistor stack and a switching device between two flanges, by bridging an isolating distance between two contact devices using a movable contact piece, which is moved from one contact device in the direction of the other contact device up to an electrical contact of both contact devices.
  • the mechanical load of the assembly between the two flanges can be borne by at least one tie rod in the area of the resistor stack and by an insulator in the area of the switching device.
  • Electrical insulation perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the arrangement can be achieved by directly coating the resistor stack and the insulator of the switching device, in particular weatherproof and/or using silicone.
  • a flange can be attached to a support, in particular a support column, in connection with the resistor stack.
  • a flange in connection with the switching device can be designed to be freely suspended, in particular only connected via electrical lines.
  • a flange in connection with the switching device can be attached to a carrier, in particular a support column.
  • a flange in connection with the resistor stack can be designed to be freely floating, in particular connected only via electrical lines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view along a longitudinal axis 12 of an arrangement 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages.
  • the arrangement 1 according to the invention comprises exactly one resistor stack 2 and a switching device 5, arranged between two flanges 10, 11.
  • the switching device 5 has two contact devices 6 and a movable contact piece 8, which are arranged in an insulator 9.
  • the insulator 9 is z. B. filled with an insulating and / or switching gas, in particular SF 6 and / or clean air.
  • the movable contact piece 8 is moved from one contact device 6 towards the other contact device 6 in such a way that a current path between the two contact devices 6 is closed.
  • the contact devices 6 are z. B. circular-cylindrical, in particular hollow tubular, and the movable contact piece 8 is z. B. rod or bolt-shaped, movably mounted in a contact device 6.
  • the movable contact piece 8 is arranged completely on one side of the switching device 5, encompassed by a contact device 6.
  • the movable contact piece 8 is moved from one contact device 6 in the direction of the opposite contact device 6 until the movable contact piece 8 is in mechanical and electrical contact with the second contact device 6, e.g. B. is inserted into the opening.
  • An electrical contact or closed current path between the two contact devices 6 exists via the movable contact piece 8, which electrically connects the two contact devices 6 when the switching device 5 is in the closed state.
  • the movable contact piece 8 is moved in the opposite direction until the movable contact piece 8 is again in its starting position, fully inserted into the one contact device 6 .
  • a gap or an isolating gap 7 is formed between the two contact devices 6 , in particular filled with insulating gas, and the current path between the two contact devices 6 is interrupted by the isolating gap 7 .
  • the switching device 5 is in the open state.
  • the two contact devices 6 are arranged in a closed insulating gas space, the insulating gas space being formed by the two contact devices 6 , the movable contact piece 8 , the insulator 9 and in particular a flange 11 .
  • the two contact devices 6 and the movable contact piece 8 are arranged coaxially on the longitudinal axis 12 and are made of a highly electrically conductive material, e.g. B. made of steel and / or copper. Electrical contact areas can be coated with a good electrically conductive material, e.g. B. with silver.
  • a contact device 6 is z. B. formed in the shape of a hollow tube, spatially at least partially encompassing the movable contact piece 8 and fastened to a flange 11 .
  • the flange 11 is disc-shaped or circular-cylindrical, and the movable contact piece 8 is in particular gas-tight and is movably guided through the flange 11 .
  • Elements of a kinematic chain e.g. B. a drive and / or shift rods and gears are connected to the movable contact piece 8 to transfer kinetic energy to the movable contact piece 8 when switching.
  • a drive z. B. used a spring-loaded actuator.
  • the flange 11 is z. B. attached to a gear head on a carrier or on the carrier itself.
  • a carrier which is not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity, is e.g. B. columnar, in particular made of ceramic, and arranged vertically on a foundation.
  • the outer lateral surface in particular of a circular-cylindrical, hollow carrier, can comprise ribs in the form of rings running around the outer circumference for good electrical insulation along the longitudinal axis of the carrier.
  • the drive can be attached to the side of the carrier and elements of the kinematic chain can be movably guided in the carrier.
  • an inventive arrangement 1 is arranged with the longitudinal axis 12 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carrier, or there are two inventive arrangements 1 each with a flange 11 attached to the upper end of the carrier directly or via a gear head, in the case of a T-shape of the carrier with inventive arrangements 1 .
  • the second contact device 6 is z. B. hollow tubular or plate-shaped, with a hollow tubular end in the direction of the first contact device 6 with movable contact piece 8 pointing.
  • the plate-shaped area of the second contact device 6 can be essentially circular-cylindrical, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the resistors of the resistor stack 2.
  • the resistors are z. B. constructed in the form of a plate or circular cylinder, in particular with the same shape of all plates of the resistors Resistor stack 2.
  • the plates are z. B. positively stacked on top of each other or next to each other, each with the cylinder base a plate in surface contact with the underlying or adjacent cylinder top surface of an adjacent resistor.
  • a metal plate z. B. arranged a cylindrical metal plate.
  • a cylindrical metal plate at one end z. B. a cylindrical metal plate and at the other end a z. B. cylindrical, plate-shaped contact device 6 can be arranged.
  • the resistors of the resistor stack 2 are pressed together and spatially fixed.
  • a contact device 6 or the switching device 5 is arranged at one end of the resistor stack 2 and a flange 10 is arranged at the other end.
  • the resistor stack can also be held together or spatially fixed directly via the flange 10 and the contact device 6 in connection with the tie rod or rods 3 .
  • Electrical connections for the arrangement 1 according to the invention can be provided directly on the flanges 10 and 11, or electrical connections can be routed through the flanges 10 and 11 to the resistor stack 2 on the one hand and the switching device 5 electrically connected in series on the other side to connect electrically. Electrical consumers, power generators and/or lines, in particular for power grids, can be connected to the connections and switched via the arrangement 1 .
  • a The current path between the terminals is closed and/or opened via the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, ie the contact devices 6 in connection with the movable contact piece 8.
  • the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, is coated directly, whereby a housing 4 of the arrangement 1 in connection z. B. with the flanges 10, 11 arises.
  • the coating does not have to carry any mechanical load, since mechanical loads or mechanical stresses/forces are carried via the flanges 10, 11, the tie rods 3, in particular via a contact device 6, and via the insulator 9 of the switching device 5.
  • a coating z. B. be chosen from silicone, which is weatherproof and has a lower weight than z. B. Ceramics with the same volume.
  • the coating 4 is formed directly on the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, in particular without cavities between the resistor stack 2 and the coating 4 and/or between the insulator 9 and the coating 4. This can volume of z. B. insulating gas can be reduced, with the advantages described above.
  • the coating 4 can be essentially cylindrical, in particular in a form-fitting manner with the shape of the resistor stack 2 and the shape of the insulator 9 of the switching device 5. Ribs can be formed on the outer circumference of the coating 4, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12, annular circumferential ribs around which to increase the electrical insulation distance between the flanges 10, 11 over the outer surface of the assembly 1.
  • the insulator 9 can be made of ceramic and/or of an electrically insulating composite material, in particular comprising plastic. Due to the coating 4, the in particular gas-tight insulator 9 can be made thinner and mechanically stable, with weight being able to be saved compared to insulators from the prior art.
  • inventive arrangements 1 can be attached to a carrier T-shaped, and / or more inventive arrangements 1 z. B. be arranged in a star shape on a carrier.
  • One, two or more carriers can also be used for an arrangement 1 according to the invention, in particular a carrier on each side of the arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • the inventive arrangements 1 can essentially z. B. be cylindrical, or z. B. rectangular, columnar.
  • at least one vacuum tube can be used.
  • the resistors of the resistor stack 2 can be in the form of circular-cylindrical plates and/or z. B. be rectangular or cuboid.
  • the shape and/or thickness of the resistors and the electrical resistance of all resistors can be the same or different, e.g. B. in an alternating form.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung und ein Verfahren mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen. Die Anordnung umfasst eine Schalteinrichtung, welche zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen aufweist, die in einem Isolator angeordnet sind. Die Kontaktvorrichtungen sind durch eine Trennstrecke voneinander beabstandet, wobei die Trennstrecke durch ein bewegliches Kontaktstück überbrückbar ist. Eine Kontaktvorrichtung ist mit dem Widerstandsstapel in Kontakt in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse.The invention relates to an arrangement and a method with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages. The arrangement comprises a switching device which has two contact devices which are arranged in an insulator. The contact devices are spaced apart from one another by an isolating gap, the isolating gap being able to be bridged by a movable contact piece. A contactor is in contact with the resistor stack in a common housing.

Eine Anordnung mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen, insbesondere von Hochspannungen bis zu 1200 kV, ist z. B. aus der US 4,069,406 und der CH 669 863 A5 bekannt. Dabei umfasst die Anordnung einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter als Schalteinrichtung, mit zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen. Die Kontaktvorrichtungen sind voneinander beabstandet angeordnet, mit einer Trennstrecke zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen. Ein bewegliches Kontaktstück ist ausgebildet, im eingeschalteten Zustand der Schalteinrichtung die Trennstrecke zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen zu überbrücken. Eine Kontaktvorrichtung ist mit dem Widerstandsstapel in Kontakt, welcher beim Einschalten elektrische Überspannungen begrenzt.An arrangement with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages, especially high voltages up to 1200 kV, z. B. from the U.S. 4,069,406 and the CH 669 863 A5 known. In this case, the arrangement includes a high-voltage circuit breaker as the switching device, with two contact devices. The contactors are spaced from each other with an isolating distance between the two contactors. A movable contact piece is designed to bridge the isolating distance between the two contact devices when the switching device is switched on. A contactor is in contact with the resistor stack, which limits electrical overvoltages at power-up.

Der Widerstandstapel umfasst plattenförmige Widerstände, welche zwischen zwei Metallplatten über Spannstangen verspannt, in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet sind. An einer Metallplatte ist die erste Kontaktvorrichtung in Form einer Elektrode elektrisch leitend fest angeordnet, beabstandet zu der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung, mit einem Abstand gleich der Länge der Trennstrecke. Die zweite Kontaktvorrichtung ist ebenfalls in Form einer Elektrode ausgebildet, und fest relativ zur ersten Kontaktvorrichtung in einem Isolator angeordnet. Mit Isolator sind im Weiteren mechanisch stabile, tragfähige Gehäuse bezeichnet, z. B. aus Keramik und/oder Kompositmaterialien, insbesondere Plastik umfassend. Das bewegliche Kontaktstück ist auf einer gemeinsamen Längsachse der zwei Kontaktstücke angeordnet.The resistor stack includes plate-shaped resistors, which are braced between two metal plates via tie rods and are arranged in a common housing. The first contact device in the form of an electrode is arranged in an electrically conductive manner on a metal plate, spaced apart from the opposite second contact device by a distance equal to the length of the isolating distance. The second contact device is also in the form of an electrode, and fixedly arranged relative to the first contact device in an insulator. In the following, the term insulator refers to mechanically stable, load-bearing housings, e.g. B. made of ceramic and / or composite materials, including plastic in particular. The movable contact piece is arranged on a common longitudinal axis of the two contact pieces.

Im geöffneten bzw. ausgeschalteten Zustand der Schalteinrichtung ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück vollständig auf der Seite einer Kontaktvorrichtung und wird beim Einschalten in Richtung der zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung bewegt, um die Trennstrecke elektrisch zu überbrücken. Die Bewegung erfolgt, bis das bewegliche Kontaktstück mit beiden Kontaktvorrichtungen, d. h. der ersten und der zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung in Kontakt, insbesondere in elektrischem Kontakt steht. Bei Ausschalten wird das bewegliche Kontaktstück in die entgegengesetzte Richtung bewegt, bis das bewegliche Kontaktstück vollständig auf der Seite der ersten Kontaktvorrichtung angeordnet ist, und die erste und zweite Kontaktvorrichtung durch die Trennstrecke elektrisch getrennt sind.When the switching device is in the open or switched-off state, the movable contact piece is completely on the side of one contact device and is moved in the direction of the second contact device when it is switched on in order to electrically bridge the isolating distance. The movement takes place until the movable contact piece with both contact devices, i. H. the first and the second contact device are in contact, in particular in electrical contact. When turned off, the movable contact piece is moved in the opposite direction until the movable contact piece is completely located on the side of the first contact device, and the first and second contact devices are electrically separated by the separation gap.

Die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen und das bewegliche Kontaktstück der Schalteinrichtung sowie der Widerstandsstapel mit seinem Gehäuse sind in einem kreiszylinderförmigen Isolator koaxial angeordnet, wobei der Isolator bzw. das Isolatorgehäuse an den Enden jeweils über einen Flansch gasdicht verschlossen ist. An einem Flansch ist der Widerstandsstapel mit seinem Gehäuse mechanisch befestigt, an dem anderen Flansch ist die Kontaktvorrichtung mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück befestigt. Das Gehäuse mit dem Widerstandsstapel und die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück sind von Isoliergas umgeben, mit dem das Isolatorgehäuse befüllt ist. Als Isoliergas und/oder Schaltgas wird z. B. SF6 verwendet. Die mechanische Stabilität der Anordnung zum Schalten hoher Spannungen wird über den Isolator sichergestellt, welcher sowohl die Widerstände im Gehäuse als auch die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück räumlich umfasst.The two contact devices and the movable contact piece of the switching device and the resistor stack with its housing are arranged coaxially in a circular-cylindrical insulator, with the insulator or the insulator housing being sealed gas-tight at the ends via a flange. The resistor stack with its housing is mechanically fastened to one flange, and the contact device with the movable contact piece is fastened to the other flange. The housing with the resistor stack and the two contact devices with the movable contact piece are surrounded by insulating gas with which the insulator housing is filled. As an insulating gas and / or switching gas z. B. SF 6 used. The mechanical stability of the arrangement for switching high voltages is ensured via the insulator, which spatially encloses both the resistors in the housing and the two contact devices with the movable contact piece.

Dabei muss der Isolator mechanisch stabil mit ausreichender Wandstärke über seine gesamte Länge ausgebildet sein, um das Isoliergas im Inneren insbesondere unter Druck von mehr als einem Bar zu halten. Das Gehäuse der Widerstände muss mechanisch stabil ausgebildet sein und/oder der Isolator, um insbesondere bei waagerechter Befestigung der Anordnung an den Flanschen das Gewicht der Widerstände mit Gehäuse und einer Kontaktvorrichtung zu tragen. Eine große Wandstärke des Isolators über die gesamte Länge und ein Gehäuse des Widerstandsstapels erhöht das Gewicht der Anordnung, wodurch eine Einseitige mechanische Befestigung der Anordnung unmöglich sein kann, erhöht den Preis sowie den mechanischen Aufwand. Ein Gehäuse der Widerstände im Isolator mit Abstand zum Isolator angeordnet, mit einem Spalt zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Isolator befüllt mit Isoliergas, erhöht die notwendige Menge an insbesondere umwelt- bzw. klimaschädlichem Isoliergas und die Herstellungs- sowie Wartungskosten der Anordnung.The insulator must be mechanically stable with sufficient wall thickness over its entire length in order to keep the insulating gas inside, in particular under a pressure of more than one bar. The housing of the resistors must be mechanically stable and/or the insulator must be designed to bear the weight of the resistors with the housing and a contact device, particularly when the arrangement is mounted horizontally on the flanges. A large wall thickness of the insulator over the entire length and a housing of the resistor stack increases the weight of the arrangement, as a result of which mechanical attachment of the arrangement on one side can be impossible, increases the price and the mechanical complexity. A housing for the resistors arranged in the insulator at a distance from the insulator, with a gap between the housing and the insulator filled with insulating gas, increases the amount of insulating gas that is particularly harmful to the environment or the climate and increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the arrangement.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung und ein Verfahren mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen anzugeben, welche die zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile lösen. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe, eine einfache, kostengünstige, mechanisch stabile Anordnung anzugeben, welche die notwendige Isoliergasmenge verglichen mit dem Stand der Technik verringert, eine Verringerung des Gewichts der Anordnung ermöglicht und Material einspart.The object of the present invention is to specify an arrangement and a method with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages, which solves the disadvantages described above. In particular, it is an object to specify a simple, inexpensive, mechanically stable arrangement which reduces the necessary amount of insulating gas compared to the prior art, allows the weight of the arrangement to be reduced and saves material.

Die angegebene Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Anordnung mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen mit den Merkmalen gemäß Patentanspruch 1 und durch ein Verfahren zum Schalten der Anordnung gemäß Patentanspruch 11 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen und/oder des Verfahrens zum Schalten der Anordnung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Dabei sind Gegenstände der Hauptansprüche untereinander und mit Merkmalen von Unteransprüchen sowie Merkmale der Unteransprüche untereinander kombinierbar.The specified object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages with the features according to patent claim 1 and by a method for switching the arrangement according to patent claim 11 . Advantageous refinements of the arrangement according to the invention with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages and/or the method for switching the arrangement are specified in the dependent claims. The subjects of the main claims are among themselves and with features of subclaims and features of the subclaims can be combined with one another.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen umfasst eine Schalteinrichtung, mit zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen in einem Isolator angeordnet, welche durch eine Trennstrecke voneinander beabstandet sind. Die Trennstrecke ist durch ein bewegliches Kontaktstück überbrückbar. Eine Kontaktvorrichtung ist mit dem Widerstandsstapel in Kontakt in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse. Das Gehäuse wird bzw. ist durch eine direkte Beschichtung des Widerstandsstapels und des Isolators ausgebildet.An arrangement according to the invention with precisely one resistor stack for switching high voltages includes a switching device with two contact devices arranged in an insulator, which are spaced apart from one another by an isolating distance. The isolating distance can be bridged by a movable contact piece. A contactor is in contact with the resistor stack in a common housing. The housing is formed by direct plating of the resistor stack and insulator.

Durch die Ausbildung des Gehäuses durch eine direkte Beschichtung des Widerstandsstapels und des Isolators wird ein zusätzliches Gehäuse des Widerstandsstapels, angeordnet zwischen Widerstandsstapel und Isolator mit einem Isoliergas im Zwischenraum, eingespart. Der Isolator ist nur noch im Bereich der Schalteinrichtung, d. h. im Bereich der zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen und/oder des beweglichen Kontaktstücks angeordnet. Im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik ist die Länge des Isolators reduziert und ein zusätzliches Gehäuse zwischen Isolator und Widerstandsstapel eingespart, womit sich das Gewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung reduziert, insbesondere entlang einer Längsachse der Anordnung. Dadurch wird eine einfache, kostengünstige Halterung der Anordnung, z. B. durch eine Stützsäule an einer Seite der insbesondere waagerechten Anordnung befestigt, ermöglicht. Die Isoliergasmenge ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung gegenüber Anordnungen, bekannt aus dem Stand der Technik reduziert, durch die direkte Beschichtung des Widerstandsstapels, ohne Spalt zwischen einem Gehäuse des Widerstandsstapels und einem Isolatorgehäuse. Der einfache Aufbau mit verringerter Länge des Isolators und ohne zusätzliches Gehäuse des Widerstandsstapels zwischen Widerstandsstapel und Isolator, ergibt einen kostengünstigen, einfachen Aufbau, welcher Umweltrisiken verringert.The formation of the housing through a direct coating of the resistor stack and the insulator saves an additional housing of the resistor stack, arranged between the resistor stack and the insulator with an insulating gas in the intermediate space. The insulator is only arranged in the area of the switching device, ie in the area of the two contact devices and/or the movable contact piece. Compared to the prior art, the length of the insulator is reduced and an additional housing between the insulator and the resistor stack is saved, which reduces the weight of the arrangement according to the invention, in particular along a longitudinal axis of the arrangement. This allows for a simple, low-cost mounting of the arrangement, e.g. B. fixed by a support column on one side of the particular horizontal arrangement allows. In the arrangement according to the invention, the amount of insulating gas is reduced compared to arrangements known from the prior art due to the direct coating of the resistor stack, without a gap between a housing of the resistor stack and an insulator housing. The simple construction with a reduced length of the insulator and no additional housing for the resistor stack between the resistor stack and the insulator results in a cost-effective, simple construction which reduces environmental risks.

Die direkte Beschichtung des Widerstandsstapels und des Isolators kann aus Silikon sein und/oder Silikon umfassen. Silikon ist wetterfest, ein gut elektrisch isolierendes Material und kostengünstig. Dabei können entlang der äußeren mantelfläche der Beschichtung Rippen, insbesondere ringförmig um den Mantel umlaufende Rippen, ausgebildet sein, welche entlang der Längsachse der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung eine gute elektrische Isolation im Außenbereich z. B. bei feuchten Wetter ermöglichen.The direct coating of the resistor stack and insulator may be and/or include silicone. Silicone is weatherproof, a good electrical insulator, and inexpensive. Ribs can be formed along the outer lateral surface of the coating, in particular annular ribs running around the jacket, which provide good electrical insulation in the outer area along the longitudinal axis of the arrangement according to the invention, e.g. B. allow in wet weather.

Ein erster und ein zweiter Flansch können von der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung umfasst sein, zwischen welchen der genau eine Widerstandsstapel und die Schalteinrichtung angeordnet sind, insbesondere hintereinander, auf einer gemeinsamen Längsachse. Über die Flansche kann eine elektrische Kontaktierung der Schalteinrichtung erfolgen und/oder die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung z. B. an einem Träger, insbesondere säulenförmigen Träger, befestigt sein. Es kann z. B. an jedem Flansch ein Träger befestigt sein, oder nur auf einer Seite an einem Flansch, wobei eine einseitige mechanische Befestigung durch das verringerte Gewicht der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ermöglicht sein kann. Im oder an einem Träger kann ein Antrieb angeordnet sein, wobei über Elemente einer kinematischen Kette vom Antrieb eine Schaltbewegung auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück der Schalteinrichtung übertragen werden kann.A first and a second flange can be comprised by the arrangement according to the invention, between which exactly one resistor stack and the switching device are arranged, in particular one behind the other, on a common longitudinal axis. Electrical contacting of the switching device can take place via the flanges and/or the arrangement according to the invention can, for. B. on a carrier, in particular columnar carrier. It can e.g. B. on each flange a carrier can be attached, or only on one side on a flange, wherein a one-sided mechanical attachment can be made possible by the reduced weight of the arrangement according to the invention. A drive can be arranged in or on a carrier, it being possible for a switching movement to be transmitted from the drive to the movable contact piece of the switching device via elements of a kinematic chain.

Der Träger mit Antrieb kann an dem Flansch befestigt sein, an welchem die Kontaktvorrichtung mit beweglichem Kontaktstück und insbesondere der Isolator angeordnet sind. Dadurch kann die Schaltbewegung direkt vom Antrieb über Elemente der kinematischen Kette z. B. im Träger angeordnet, auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück übertragen werden. Ein Träger mit Antrieb kann alternativ oder zusätzlich an dem gegenüberliegenden Flansch befestigt sein, an welchem der Widerstandsstapel angeordnet ist. Dabei kann z. B. die Kontaktvorrichtung am Widerstandsstapel das bewegliche Kontaktstück umfassen und/oder Elemente einer kinematischen Kette, z. B. eine Isolierstange umfassen, welche ausgebildet ist eine Antriebsbewegung auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück zu übertragen. Insbesondere bei einer hohen Masse des Widerstandsstapels kann eine derartige Anordnung für eine hohe mechanische Stabilität sorgen. Ein Träger kann T förmig ausgebildet sein, mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Anordnungen, welche jeweils einen Arm des T Trägers ausbilden. Hohe Spannungen von bis zu 1200 kV und/oder hohe Ströme von einigen hundert Ampere sind dadurch schaltbar.The carrier with drive can be attached to the flange on which the contact device with moving contact piece and in particular the insulator are arranged. This allows the switching movement directly from the drive via elements of the kinematic chain z. B. arranged in the carrier, are transferred to the movable contact piece. A carrier with drive can alternatively or additionally be attached to the opposite flange on which the resistor stack is arranged. In doing so, e.g. B. include the contact device on the resistor stack, the movable contact piece and / or Elements of a kinematic chain, e.g. B. include an insulating rod, which is designed to transmit a drive movement to the movable contact piece. In particular, given a high mass of the resistor stack, such an arrangement can ensure high mechanical stability. A beam can be T-shaped, with two arrangements according to the invention, which each form an arm of the T-beam. High voltages of up to 1200 kV and/or high currents of a few hundred amperes can be switched as a result.

Der Widerstandsstapel kann wenigstens eine Spannstange umfassen, welche ausgebildet ist den Widerstandsstapel mechanisch zu stützen. Dadurch kann auf ein mechanisch stabiles Gehäuse des Widerstandsstapels, welches ein Gewicht tragen kann, verzichtet werden und/oder auf einen Isolator, welcher den Widerstandsstapel räumlich umfasst und/oder mechanisch stabilisiert bzw. trägt. Damit sind die zuvor beschriebenen Vorteile verbunden. Mehrere Spannstangen, insbesondere gitterförmig angeordnete Spannstangen z. B. am äußeren Umfang des Widerstandsstapels, können eine hohe mechanische Stabilität der Widerstandsstapels ermöglichen.The resistor stack may include at least one tie rod configured to mechanically support the resistor stack. As a result, a mechanically stable housing for the resistor stack, which can bear a weight, can be dispensed with and/or an insulator which spatially encloses the resistor stack and/or mechanically stabilizes or supports it. This is associated with the advantages described above. Several tie rods, in particular tie rods arranged in a lattice form, e.g. B. on the outer periphery of the resistor stack, can enable high mechanical stability of the resistor stack.

Der Widerstandsstapel kann zwischen einem Flansch und einer Kontaktvorrichtung eingespannt sein, insbesondere über wenigstens eine Spannstange, und/oder der Isolator und die Kontaktvorrichtungen können mit einem Flansch tragfähig verbunden sein, insbesondere eine Kontaktvorrichtung tragfähig verbunden mit dem Flansch über den Isolator. Dadurch kann eine mechanisch stabile erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ausgebildet sein, mit den zuvor beschriebenen Vorteilen, welche auf der Seite des Widerstandsstapels von den Spannstangen stabilisiert bzw. getragen wird, und welche auf der Seite der Schalteinrichtung vom Isolator stabilisiert bzw. getragen wird. Es ist kein Isolator notwendig, z. B. aus Keramik, welcher vollständig zwischen beiden Flanschen ausgebildet ist und den Widerstandsstapel sowie die Schalteinrichtung mechanisch trägt. Schaltstangen können mit weniger Gewicht ausgebildet sein als ein den Widerstandsstapel räumlich umfassender Isolator, womit sich für die Anordnung die zuvor beschriebenen Vorteile ergeben.The resistor stack can be clamped between a flange and a contact device, in particular via at least one tie rod, and/or the insulator and the contact devices can be load-bearingly connected to a flange, in particular a contact device load-bearingly connected to the flange via the insulator. As a result, a mechanically stable arrangement according to the invention can be formed, with the advantages described above, which is stabilized or supported by the tie rods on the resistor stack side and by the insulator on the switching device side. No isolator is necessary, e.g. B. made of ceramic, which is formed completely between the two flanges and mechanically carries the resistor stack and the switching device. Shift rods can be designed with less weight be as an insulator spatially encompassing the resistor stack, which results in the advantages described above for the arrangement.

Der Flansch, an welchem der Widerstandsstapel angeordnet ist, kann mit einem Träger, insbesondere einem säulenförmigen Isolator, mechanisch stabil verbunden sein. Der Träger kann z. B. einen keramischen Isolator umfassen, insbesondere mit Rippen auf dem äußeren Umfang, für eine gute elektrische Isolation. Dabei kann ein Getriebekopf auf dem Träger angeordnet sein, an dem der Flansch mechanisch befestigt ist oder der Flansch kann direkt am Träger mechanisch befestigt sein. Der Träger kann z. B. aufrecht, senkrecht auf einem Fundament angeordnet sein, mit einer Längsachse insbesondere eines säulenförmigen Trägers im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ebene des Fundaments. Der Widerstandsstapel kann mechanisch stabil vom Träger über den Flansch und insbesondere über wenigstens eine Spannstange getragen werden, wodurch keine mechanische Last auf dem Gehäuse der Anordnung, welche in Form der direkten Beschichtung ausgebildet ist, lastet. Dadurch können Materialien wie Silikon als Beschichtung verwendet werden, welche leicht und wetterfest sind, aber weniger mechanisch stabil als Isolatoren z. B. aus Keramik.The flange on which the resistor stack is arranged can be mechanically stably connected to a carrier, in particular a columnar insulator. The carrier can e.g. B. comprise a ceramic insulator, in particular with ribs on the outer periphery, for good electrical insulation. A gear head can be arranged on the carrier, to which the flange is mechanically fastened, or the flange can be mechanically fastened directly to the carrier. The carrier can e.g. B. upright, be arranged vertically on a foundation, with a longitudinal axis in particular of a columnar support substantially perpendicular to the plane of the foundation. The resistor stack can be supported in a mechanically stable manner by the carrier via the flange and in particular via at least one tie rod, as a result of which no mechanical load is placed on the housing of the arrangement, which is designed in the form of the direct coating. As a result, materials such as silicone can be used as a coating, which are light and weatherproof, but less mechanically stable than insulators, e.g. B. made of ceramic.

Der Widerstandsstapel kann zwei Platten umfassen, insbesondere zwei Metallplatten, über welche die Widerstände des Widerstandsstapels insbesondere mit wenigstens einer Spannstange eingespannt sind. Metallplatten ergeben einen guten elektrischen Kontakt zum Widerstandsstapel und über die Platten kann ein mechanisches Einspannen flächig homogen über die Plattenfläche stabil erfolgen. Der Widerstandsstapel kann über die wenigstens eine Spannstange und die zwei Platten mechanisch stabil getragen und eingespannt werden, mit einer Platte an einem Ende des Widerstandsstapels und einer zweiten Platte am anderen Ende des Widerstandsstapels. Über die Platten werden die Widerstände zusammengepresst bzw. gedrückt, wodurch sich ein guter elektrischer Kontakt zwischen Widerständen ergibt und eine hohe mechanische Stabilität bzw. Fixierung der Widerstände im Stapel.The resistor stack can include two plates, in particular two metal plates, via which the resistors of the resistor stack are clamped, in particular with at least one tie rod. Metal plates provide a good electrical contact to the resistor stack and the plates can be used to mechanically clamp in a stable, homogeneous manner across the plate surface. The resistor stack can be mechanically stably supported and clamped via the at least one tie rod and the two plates, with one plate at one end of the resistor stack and a second plate at the other end of the resistor stack. The resistors are pressed or pressed together via the plates, resulting in good electrical contact between resistors and high mechanical stability or fixation of the resistors in the stack.

Der Widerstandsstapel kann aus plattenförmigen Widerständen, insbesondere säulenförmig, aufgebaut sein, wobei die Platten entlang einer Längsachse angeordnet sind, insbesondere jeweils zwei benachbarte Platten formschlüssig in Kontakt miteinander. Die Widerstände in Plattenform und die insbesondere zwei Metallplatten können die gleiche Form aufweisen, insbesondere alle die gleiche Form. Z. B. können die plattenförmigen Widerstände und/oder die insbesondere zwei Metallplatten zylinderförmig ausgebildet sein, z. B. kreiszylinderförmig. Eine große Grund- und Deckfläche, mit denen benachbarte Platten jeweils in Kontakt stehen, ergeben einen guten, gleichmäßigen mechanischen und elektrischen Kontakt.The resistor stack can be constructed from plate-shaped resistors, in particular in the form of columns, the plates being arranged along a longitudinal axis, in particular two adjacent plates in each case being in contact with one another in a form-fitting manner. The resistors in plate form and the two metal plates in particular can have the same shape, in particular all the same shape. For example, the plate-shaped resistors and/or the metal plates, in particular, can be cylindrical, e.g. B. circular-cylindrical. A large base and top area, with which adjacent plates are respectively in contact, results in good, even mechanical and electrical contact.

Das Gehäuse kann witterungsfest ausgebildet sein, insbesondere mit ringförmigen Rippen auf der äußeren Oberfläche. Eine gute, langzeitstabile Isolation über die äußere Oberfläche des Gehäuses hinweg, insbesondere zwischen den zwei Flanschen, kann so erreicht werden. Mit einem wetterfesten Material, z. B. Silikon, welches nicht mechanisch tragfähig sein muss, kann die erfinderische Anordnung langlebig ausgebildet sein, und den Widerstandsstapel sowie die Schalteinrichtung vor Witterungseinflüssen schützen.The housing can be weatherproof, particularly with annular ribs on the outer surface. Good, long-term stable insulation across the outer surface of the housing, particularly between the two flanges, can be achieved in this way. With a weatherproof material, e.g. B. silicone, which does not have to be mechanically stable, the inventive arrangement can be made durable, and protect the resistor stack and the switching device from the weather.

Die Anordnung kann im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig, insbesondere kreiszylinderförmig ausgebildet sein, insbesondere mit ringförmigen Rippen entlang der äußeren Mantelfläche. Eine kreiszylindrische Form ermöglicht eine hohe mechanische Stabilität bei geringen Kosten und ist einfach herzustellen.The arrangement can be essentially cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical, in particular with ring-shaped ribs along the outer lateral surface. A circular-cylindrical shape enables high mechanical stability at low cost and is easy to manufacture.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zum Schalten der Anordnung umfasst, dass beim Einschalten ein Strompfad über genau einen Widerstandsstapel und einer Schalteinrichtung zwischen zwei Flanschen geschlossen wird, durch Überbrückung einer Trennstrecke zwischen zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen mit Hilfe eines beweglichen Kontaktstücks, welches von einer Kontaktvorrichtung in Richtung zu der anderen Kontaktvorrichtung bis zu einem elektrischen Kontakt beider Kontaktvorrichtungen bewegt wird.A method according to the invention for switching the arrangement comprises that when switching on, a current path is closed via precisely one resistor stack and a switching device between two flanges, by bridging an isolating distance between two contact devices using a movable contact piece, which is moved from one contact device in the direction of the other contact device up to an electrical contact of both contact devices.

Die mechanische Last der Anordnung zwischen den zwei Flanschen kann durch wenigstens eine Spannstange im Bereich des Widerstandsstapels und durch einen Isolator im Bereich der Schalteinrichtung getragen werden.The mechanical load of the assembly between the two flanges can be borne by at least one tie rod in the area of the resistor stack and by an insulator in the area of the switching device.

Eine elektrische Isolation senkrecht zur Längsachse der Anordnung kann durch eine direkte Beschichtung des Widerstandsstapels und des Isolators der Schalteinrichtung erfolgen, insbesondere wetterfest und/oder durch Silikon.Electrical insulation perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the arrangement can be achieved by directly coating the resistor stack and the insulator of the switching device, in particular weatherproof and/or using silicone.

Ein Flansch kann in Verbindung mit dem Widerstandsstapel an einem Träger, insbesondere einer Tragsäule befestigt werden, Ein Flansch in Verbindung mit der Schalteinrichtung kann freischwebend, insbesondere nur über elektrische Leitungen verbunden ausgebildet werden.A flange can be attached to a support, in particular a support column, in connection with the resistor stack. A flange in connection with the switching device can be designed to be freely suspended, in particular only connected via electrical lines.

Ein Flansch in Verbindung mit der Schalteinrichtung kann an einem Träger, insbesondere einer Tragsäule befestigt werden. Ein Flansch in Verbindung mit dem Widerstandsstapel kann freischwebend, insbesondere nur über elektrische Leitungen verbunden ausgebildet werden.A flange in connection with the switching device can be attached to a carrier, in particular a support column. A flange in connection with the resistor stack can be designed to be freely floating, in particular connected only via electrical lines.

Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Schalten der Anordnung gemäß Anspruch 11 sind analog den zuvor beschriebenen Vorteilen der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit genau einem Widerstandsstapel zum Schalten hoher Spannungen gemäß Anspruch 1 und umgekehrt.The advantages of the method according to the invention for switching the arrangement according to claim 11 are analogous to the previously described advantages of the arrangement according to the invention with exactly one resistor stack for switching high voltages according to claim 1 and vice versa.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch in der einzigen Figur dargestellt und nachfolgend näher beschrieben.In the following, an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the single figure and described in more detail below.

Dabei zeigt die

Figur
schematisch in Schnittansicht eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung 1 zum Schalten hoher Spannungen mit einem Gehäuse 4, welches durch direkte Beschichtung eines Widerstandsstapels 2 und einer Schalteinrichtung 5 ausgebildet ist bzw. wird.
The
figure
schematically in sectional view an arrangement 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages with a housing 4, which is formed by direct coating of a resistor stack 2 and a switching device 5.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch in Schnittansicht entlang einer Längsachse 12 eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung 1 zum Schalten hoher Spannungen dargestellt. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung 1 umfasst genau einen Widerstandsstapel 2 und eine Schalteinrichtung 5, angeordnet zwischen zwei Flanschen 10, 11. Die Schalteinrichtung 5 weist zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 und ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 8 auf, welche in einem Isolator 9 angeordnet sind. Der Isolator 9 ist z. B. mit einem Isolier- und/oder Schaltgas befüllt, insbesondere SF6 und/oder Clean Air. Die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 sind als Elektroden mit einem festen Abstand voneinander unbeweglich angeordnet, wobei der Abstand eine elektrische Trennstrecke 7 darstellt. Im geöffneten Zustand der Schalteinrichtung 5 wird ein Stromfluss zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 durch die Trennstrecke 7 verhindert.FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view along a longitudinal axis 12 of an arrangement 1 according to the invention for switching high voltages. The arrangement 1 according to the invention comprises exactly one resistor stack 2 and a switching device 5, arranged between two flanges 10, 11. The switching device 5 has two contact devices 6 and a movable contact piece 8, which are arranged in an insulator 9. The insulator 9 is z. B. filled with an insulating and / or switching gas, in particular SF 6 and / or clean air. When the switching device 5 is in the open state, a current flow between the two contact devices 6 is prevented by the isolating distance 7 .

Zum Schließen der Schalteinrichtung 5, und somit um einen Stromfluss über die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 zu ermöglichen, wird das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 derart von einer Kontaktvorrichtung 6 in Richtung zur anderen Kontaktvorrichtung 6 bewegt, dass ein Strompfad zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 geschlossen wird. Die Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 sind z. B. kreiszylinderförmig, insbesondere hohlrohrförmig ausgebildet, und das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 ist z. B. stab- bzw. bolzenförmig ausgebildet, in einer Kontaktvorrichtung 6 beweglich gelagert. Im geöffneten Zustand der Schalteinrichtung 5, wie in der Figur gezeigt, ist das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 vollständig auf einer Seite der Schalteinrichtung 5 angeordnet, von einer Kontaktvorrichtung 6 umfasst.To close the switching device 5 and thus to enable a current flow via the two contact devices 6, the movable contact piece 8 is moved from one contact device 6 towards the other contact device 6 in such a way that a current path between the two contact devices 6 is closed. The contact devices 6 are z. B. circular-cylindrical, in particular hollow tubular, and the movable contact piece 8 is z. B. rod or bolt-shaped, movably mounted in a contact device 6. In the open state of the switching device 5, as shown in the figure, the movable contact piece 8 is arranged completely on one side of the switching device 5, encompassed by a contact device 6.

Zum Schließen des Strompfads zwischen den zwei festen Kontaktvorrichtungen 6, d. h. zum elektrischen Schließen der Schalteinrichtung, wird das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 aus der einen Kontaktvorrichtung 6 in Richtung zur gegenüberliegenden Kontaktvorrichtung 6 bewegt, bis das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 in mechanischen und elektrischen Kontakt mit der zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung 6 ist, z. B. in deren Öffnung eingeschoben ist. Ein elektrischer Kontakt bzw. geschlossener Strompfad zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtung 6 besteht über das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8, welches im geschlossenen Zustand der Schalteinrichtung 5 beide Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 elektrisch verbindet. Zum Öffnen des Strompfads zwischen den zwei festen Kontaktvorrichtungen 6, d. h. zum elektrischen Öffnen der Schalteinrichtung 5, wird das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 in die entgegengesetzte Richtung bewegt, bis das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 wieder in seiner Ausgangslage ist, vollständig in die eine Kontaktvorrichtung 6 eingeschoben. Zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtung 6 ist ein Spalt bzw. eine Trennstrecke 7 ausgebildet, insbesondere gefüllt mit Isoliergas, und der Strompfad zwischen den zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 ist durch die Trennstrecke 7 unterbrochen. Die Schalteinrichtung 5 ist im geöffneten Zustand.To close the current path between the two fixed contact devices 6, i. H. for electrically closing the switching device, the movable contact piece 8 is moved from one contact device 6 in the direction of the opposite contact device 6 until the movable contact piece 8 is in mechanical and electrical contact with the second contact device 6, e.g. B. is inserted into the opening. An electrical contact or closed current path between the two contact devices 6 exists via the movable contact piece 8, which electrically connects the two contact devices 6 when the switching device 5 is in the closed state. To open the current path between the two fixed contact devices 6, i. H. to open the switching device 5 electrically, the movable contact piece 8 is moved in the opposite direction until the movable contact piece 8 is again in its starting position, fully inserted into the one contact device 6 . A gap or an isolating gap 7 is formed between the two contact devices 6 , in particular filled with insulating gas, and the current path between the two contact devices 6 is interrupted by the isolating gap 7 . The switching device 5 is in the open state.

Die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 sind in einem geschlossenen Isoliergasraum angeordnet, wobei der Isoliergasraum durch die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6, das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8, den Isolator 9 und insbesondere einem Flansch 11 gebildet ist. Die zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 und das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 sind koaxial auf der Längsachse 12 angeordnet und aus einem gut elektrisch leitenden Material, z. B. aus Stahl und/oder Kupfer. Elektrische Kontaktbereiche können mit einem gut elektrisch leitenden Material beschichtet sein, z. B. mit Silber. Eine Kontaktvorrichtung 6 ist z. B. hohlrohrförmig ausgebildet, das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 räumlich zumindest teilweise umfassend, und an einem Flansch 11 befestigt. Der Flansch 11 ist scheibenförmig bzw. kreiszylinderförmig, und das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 ist insbesondere gasdicht, beweglich durch den Flansch 11 geführt.The two contact devices 6 are arranged in a closed insulating gas space, the insulating gas space being formed by the two contact devices 6 , the movable contact piece 8 , the insulator 9 and in particular a flange 11 . The two contact devices 6 and the movable contact piece 8 are arranged coaxially on the longitudinal axis 12 and are made of a highly electrically conductive material, e.g. B. made of steel and / or copper. Electrical contact areas can be coated with a good electrically conductive material, e.g. B. with silver. A contact device 6 is z. B. formed in the shape of a hollow tube, spatially at least partially encompassing the movable contact piece 8 and fastened to a flange 11 . The flange 11 is disc-shaped or circular-cylindrical, and the movable contact piece 8 is in particular gas-tight and is movably guided through the flange 11 .

Elemente einer kinematischen Kette, z. B. ein Antrieb und/oder Schaltstangen sowie Getriebe, sind mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 8 verbunden, um beim Schalten Bewegungsenergie auf das bewegliche Kontaktstück 8 zu übertragen. Der Einfachheit halber sind die Elemente der kinematischen Kette nicht in der Figur gezeigt. Als Antrieb wird z. B. ein Federspeicherantrieb verwendet. Der Flansch 11 ist z. B. an einem Getriebekopf auf einem Träger oder am Träger selbst befestigt. Ein Träger, welcher der Einfachheit halber in der Figur nicht gezeigt ist, ist z. B. säulenförmig ausgebildet, insbesondere aus Keramik, und senkrecht auf einem Fundament angeordnet. Die äußere Mantelfläche insbesondere eines kreiszylinderförmigen, hohlen Trägers, kann Rippen in Form von Ringen um den äußeren Umfang herum umlaufend umfassen, für eine gute elektrische Isolation entlang der Längsachse des Trägers. Der Antrieb kann seitlich an dem Träger befestigt sein und Elemente der kinematischen Kette können im Träger beweglich geführt sein. Am oberen Ende des Trägers ist z. B. eine erfinderische Anordnung 1 mit der Längsachse 12 senkrecht zur Längsachse des Trägers angeordnet, oder es sind zwei erfinderische Anordnungen 1 jeweils mit Flansch 11 am oberen Ende des Trägers direkt oder über einen Getriebekopf befestigt, bei einer T Form des Trägers mit erfinderischen Anordnungen 1.Elements of a kinematic chain, e.g. B. a drive and / or shift rods and gears are connected to the movable contact piece 8 to transfer kinetic energy to the movable contact piece 8 when switching. For the sake of simplicity, the elements of the kinematic chain are not shown in the figure. As a drive z. B. used a spring-loaded actuator. The flange 11 is z. B. attached to a gear head on a carrier or on the carrier itself. A carrier, which is not shown in the figure for the sake of simplicity, is e.g. B. columnar, in particular made of ceramic, and arranged vertically on a foundation. The outer lateral surface, in particular of a circular-cylindrical, hollow carrier, can comprise ribs in the form of rings running around the outer circumference for good electrical insulation along the longitudinal axis of the carrier. The drive can be attached to the side of the carrier and elements of the kinematic chain can be movably guided in the carrier. At the upper end of the carrier z. B. an inventive arrangement 1 is arranged with the longitudinal axis 12 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carrier, or there are two inventive arrangements 1 each with a flange 11 attached to the upper end of the carrier directly or via a gear head, in the case of a T-shape of the carrier with inventive arrangements 1 .

Die zweite Kontaktvorrichtung 6 ist z. B. hohlrohrförmig ausgebildet oder plattenförmig, mit einem hohlrohrförmigen Ende in Richtung der ersten Kontaktvorrichtung 6 mit beweglichem Kontaktstück 8 weisend. Der plattenförmige Bereich der zweiten Kontaktvorrichtung 6 kann im Wesentlichen kreiszylinderförmig sein, mit einem Durchmesser gleich dem Durchmesser der Widerstände des Widerstandsstapels 2. Die Widerstände sind z. B. plattenförmig bzw. kreiszylinderförmig aufgebaut, insbesondere mit gleicher Form aller Platten der Widerstände des Widerstandsstapels 2. Die Platten sind z. B. formschlüssig übereinander bzw. nebeneinander gestapelt, jeweils mit der Zylindergrundfläche eine Platte in flächigem Kontakt mit der darunter bzw. daneben liegenden Zylinderdeckfläche eines benachbarten Widerstands. An beiden Enden des Widerstandsstapels 2 ist insbesondere eine Metallplatte, z. B. eine zylinderförmige Metallplatte angeordnet. Alternativ kann an einem Ende z. B. eine zylinderförmige Metallplatte und am anderen Ende eine z. B. zylinderförmige, plattenförmige Kontaktvorrichtung 6 angeordnet sein.The second contact device 6 is z. B. hollow tubular or plate-shaped, with a hollow tubular end in the direction of the first contact device 6 with movable contact piece 8 pointing. The plate-shaped area of the second contact device 6 can be essentially circular-cylindrical, with a diameter equal to the diameter of the resistors of the resistor stack 2. The resistors are z. B. constructed in the form of a plate or circular cylinder, in particular with the same shape of all plates of the resistors Resistor stack 2. The plates are z. B. positively stacked on top of each other or next to each other, each with the cylinder base a plate in surface contact with the underlying or adjacent cylinder top surface of an adjacent resistor. At both ends of the resistor stack 2 is in particular a metal plate, z. B. arranged a cylindrical metal plate. Alternatively, at one end z. B. a cylindrical metal plate and at the other end a z. B. cylindrical, plate-shaped contact device 6 can be arranged.

Eine oder mehrere Spannstangen 3, z. B. aus einem elektrisch isolierendem Material, insbesondere Plastik, welche z. B. in Form eines Käfigs am äußeren Umfang des Widerstandsstapels 2 und/oder entlang eines Kreises oder in einer Mittelbohrung durch den Widerstandsstapel 2 angeordnet sind, halten den Widerstandsstapel 2 zusammen. In Verbindung mit insbesondere zwei Metallplatten, jeweils einer an jedem Ende des Widerstandsstapels 2, und/oder einer Metallplatte und einer Kontaktvorrichtung 6, werden die Widerstände des Widerstandsstapels 2 zusammengepresst und räumlich fixiert. An einem Ende des Widerstandsstapels 2 ist eine Kontaktvorrichtung 6 bzw. die Schalteinrichtung 5 angeordnet und am anderen ist ein Flansch 10 angeordnet. Der Widerstandsstapel kann auch direkt über den Flansch 10 und die Kontaktvorrichtung 6 in Verbindung mit der oder den Spannstangen 3 zusammengehalten bzw. räumlich fixiert sein.One or more tie rods 3, z. B. from an electrically insulating material, in particular plastic, which z. B. in the form of a cage on the outer periphery of the resistor stack 2 and / or along a circle or in a central bore through the resistor stack 2 hold the resistor stack 2 together. In connection with in particular two metal plates, one at each end of the resistor stack 2, and/or a metal plate and a contact device 6, the resistors of the resistor stack 2 are pressed together and spatially fixed. A contact device 6 or the switching device 5 is arranged at one end of the resistor stack 2 and a flange 10 is arranged at the other end. The resistor stack can also be held together or spatially fixed directly via the flange 10 and the contact device 6 in connection with the tie rod or rods 3 .

An den Flanschen 10 und 11 können direkt elektrische Anschlüsse für die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung 1 vorgesehen sein, oder elektrische Anschlüsse können durch die Flansche 10 und 11 geführt sein, um den Widerstandsstapel 2 auf der einen Seite und die elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete Schalteinrichtung 5 auf der anderen Seite elektrisch zu verbinden. Elektrische Verbraucher, Stromerzeuger und/oder Leitungen für insbesondere Stromnetze können an den Anschlüssen angeschlossen sein und über die Anordnung 1 geschaltet werden. Ein Strompfad zwischen den Anschlüssen wird über den Widerstandsstapel 2 und die Schalteinrichtung 5, d. h. die Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 in Verbindung mit dem beweglichen Kontaktstück 8, geschlossen und/oder geöffnet.Electrical connections for the arrangement 1 according to the invention can be provided directly on the flanges 10 and 11, or electrical connections can be routed through the flanges 10 and 11 to the resistor stack 2 on the one hand and the switching device 5 electrically connected in series on the other side to connect electrically. Electrical consumers, power generators and/or lines, in particular for power grids, can be connected to the connections and switched via the arrangement 1 . A The current path between the terminals is closed and/or opened via the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, ie the contact devices 6 in connection with the movable contact piece 8.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Widerstandsstapel 2 und die Schalteinrichtung 5, insbesondere der Isolator 9 der Schalteinrichtung 5, direkt beschichtet, wodurch ein Gehäuse 4 der Anordnung 1 in Verbindung z. B. mit den Flanschen 10, 11 entsteht. Die Beschichtung muss keine mechanische Last tragen, da mechanische Lasten bzw. mechanische Spannungen/Kräfte über die Flansche 10, 11, die Spannstangen 3, insbesondere über eine Kontaktvorrichtung 6, und über den Isolator 9 der Schalteinrichtung 5 getragen werden. Dadurch kann eine Beschichtung z. B. aus Silikon gewählt werden, welche wetterfest ist und ein geringeres Gewicht aufweist als z. B. Keramik mit gleichem Volumen. Die Beschichtung 4 wird direkt auf dem Widerstandsstapel 2 und der Schalteinrichtung 5, insbesondere dem Isolator 9 der Schalteinrichtung 5, ausgebildet, insbesondere ohne Hohlräume zwischen dem Widerstandsstapel 2 und der Beschichtung 4 und/oder zwischen dem Isolator 9 und der Beschichtung 4. Dadurch kann das Volumen von z. B. Isoliergas verringert werden, mit den zuvor beschriebenen Vorteilen.According to the invention, the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, is coated directly, whereby a housing 4 of the arrangement 1 in connection z. B. with the flanges 10, 11 arises. The coating does not have to carry any mechanical load, since mechanical loads or mechanical stresses/forces are carried via the flanges 10, 11, the tie rods 3, in particular via a contact device 6, and via the insulator 9 of the switching device 5. As a result, a coating z. B. be chosen from silicone, which is weatherproof and has a lower weight than z. B. Ceramics with the same volume. The coating 4 is formed directly on the resistor stack 2 and the switching device 5, in particular the insulator 9 of the switching device 5, in particular without cavities between the resistor stack 2 and the coating 4 and/or between the insulator 9 and the coating 4. This can volume of z. B. insulating gas can be reduced, with the advantages described above.

Die Beschichtung 4 kann im Wesentlichen zylinderförmig sein, insbesondere formschlüssig mit der Form des Widerstandsstapels 2 und der Form des Isolators 9 der Schalteinrichtung 5. Am äußeren Umfang der Beschichtung 4 können Rippen ausgebildet sein, insbesondere senkrecht zur Längsachse 12, ringförmig umlaufende Rippen, um die elektrische Isolierstrecke zwischen den Flanschen 10, 11 über die äußere Oberfläche der Anordnung 1 zu vergrößern. Der Isolator 9 kann aus Keramik sein, und/oder aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Verbundwerkstoff, insbesondere Plastik umfassend. Durch die Beschichtung 4 kann der insbesondere gasdichte Isolator 9 dünner ausgebildet sein, mechanisch stabil, wobei Gewicht gegenüber Isolatoren aus dem Stand der Technik eingespart werden kann.The coating 4 can be essentially cylindrical, in particular in a form-fitting manner with the shape of the resistor stack 2 and the shape of the insulator 9 of the switching device 5. Ribs can be formed on the outer circumference of the coating 4, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12, annular circumferential ribs around which to increase the electrical insulation distance between the flanges 10, 11 over the outer surface of the assembly 1. The insulator 9 can be made of ceramic and/or of an electrically insulating composite material, in particular comprising plastic. Due to the coating 4, the in particular gas-tight insulator 9 can be made thinner and mechanically stable, with weight being able to be saved compared to insulators from the prior art.

Die zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele können untereinander kombiniert werden und/oder können mit dem Stand der Technik kombiniert werden. So können z. B. zwei erfindungsgemäße Anordnungen 1 an einem Träger T-förmig befestigt sein, und/oder mehr erfindungsgemäße Anordnungen 1 z. B. Sternförmig an einem Träger angeordnet sein. Es können auch ein, zwei oder mehr Träger für eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnungen 1 verwendet werden, insbesondere auf jeder Seite der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnungen 1 ein Träger. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnungen 1 kann im Wesentlichen z. B. zylinderförmig sein, oder z. B. rechteckig, säulenförmig ausgebildet sein. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zur Schalteinrichtung 5 mit zwei Kontaktvorrichtungen 6 und einem beweglichen Kontaktstück 8 in einem Isoliergas angeordnet, kann wenigstens eine Vakuumröhre verwendet werden. Die Widerstände des Widerstandsstapels 2 können in Form kreiszylinderförmiger Platten ausgebildet sein, und/oder z. B. rechteck- oder quaderförmig sein. Die Form und/oder Dicke der Wiederstände, und der elektrische Widerstand aller Widerstände können gleich sein, oder unterschiedlich, z. B. in einer alternierenden Form.The exemplary embodiments described above can be combined with one another and/or can be combined with the prior art. So e.g. B. two inventive arrangements 1 can be attached to a carrier T-shaped, and / or more inventive arrangements 1 z. B. be arranged in a star shape on a carrier. One, two or more carriers can also be used for an arrangement 1 according to the invention, in particular a carrier on each side of the arrangement 1 according to the invention. The inventive arrangements 1 can essentially z. B. be cylindrical, or z. B. rectangular, columnar. As an alternative or in addition to the switching device 5 with two contact devices 6 and a movable contact piece 8 arranged in an insulating gas, at least one vacuum tube can be used. The resistors of the resistor stack 2 can be in the form of circular-cylindrical plates and/or z. B. be rectangular or cuboid. The shape and/or thickness of the resistors and the electrical resistance of all resistors can be the same or different, e.g. B. in an alternating form.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Anordnung mit WiderstandsstapelResistor stack arrangement
22
Widerstandsstapelresistance stack
33
Spannstangetie rod
44
direkte Beschichtungdirect coating
55
Schalteinrichtungswitching device
66
Kontaktvorrichtung, insbesondere ElektrodeContact device, in particular electrode
77
Trennstreckeseparation distance
88th
bewegliches Kontaktstückmoving contact piece
99
Isolatorinsulator
1010
erster Flanschfirst flange
1111
zweiter Flanschsecond flange
1212
Längsachselongitudinal axis
1313
Isoliergasinsulating gas
1414
Platte, insbesondere MetallplattePlate, in particular metal plate

Claims (15)

  1. Arrangement (1) having precisely one resistor stack (2) for switching high voltages, wherein a switching device (5) is comprised, having two contact devices (6) which are arranged in an insulator (9) and are spaced from each other by an isolating distance (7), wherein the isolating distance (7) can be bridged by a movable contact piece (8), and wherein one contact device (6) is in contact with the resistor stack (2) in a common housing (4),
    characterized in that
    the housing (4) is formed by a direct coating on the resistor stack (2) and the insulator (9).
  2. Arrangement (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the direct coating (4) is made of silicone and/or comprises silicone.
  3. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    a first and a second flange are comprised, between which the precisely one resistor stack (2) and the switching device (5) are arranged, in particular in succession, on a common longitudinal axis (12).
  4. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the resistor stack (2) comprises at least one tension rod (3), formed to support the resistor stack (2) mechanically.
  5. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the resistor stack (2) is tensioned between a flange (10) and a contact device (6), in particular via at least one tension rod (3), and/or in that the insulator (9) and the contact devices (6) are connected to a flange (11) in a load-bearing manner, in particular one contact device (6) is connected to the flange (11) in a load-bearing manner via the insulator (9).
  6. Arrangement (1) according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the flange (10) on which the resistor stack (2) is arranged is connected to a support, in particular a column-shaped insulator, in a mechanically stable manner.
  7. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the resistor stack (2) comprises two plates, in particular two metal plates, via which the resistors of the resistor stack (2) are tensioned in particular by at least one tension rod (3).
  8. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the resistor stack (2) is composed of plate-shaped resistors, in particular in a column shape, wherein the plates are arranged along a longitudinal axis (12), in particular two adjacent plates are in mutual form-fitting contact in each case.
  9. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (4) is designed to be weather-proof, in particular with annular ribs on the outer surface.
  10. Arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the arrangement (1) is designed to be substantially cylindrical, in particular circular cylindrical, in particular with annular ribs along the outer lateral surface.
  11. Method for switching an arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that,
    during the switching-on procedure, a current path over precisely one resistor stack (2) and a switching device (5) between two flanges (10, 11) is closed by bridging an isolating distance (7) between two contact devices (6) with the aid of a movable contact piece (8), which is moved from one contact device (6) in the direction of the other contact device (6) until both contact devices (6) are in electrical contact.
  12. Method according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the mechanical load on the arrangement (1) between the two flanges (10, 11) is supported by at least one tension rod (3) in the region of the resistor stack (2) and by an insulator (9) in the region of the switching device (5).
  13. Method according to one of Claims 11 or 12,
    characterized in that
    electrical insulation perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis (12) of the arrangement (1) is realized by a direct coating on the resistor stack (2) and the insulator (9) of the switching device (5), in particular in a weather-proof manner and/or using silicone.
  14. Method according to one of Claims 11 to 13,
    characterized in that
    a flange (10) associated with the resistor stack (2) is fastened to a support, in particular a supporting column, and/or in that a flange (11) associated with the switching device (5) is designed to be free-floating, in particular connected merely via electric lines.
  15. Method according to one of Claims 11 to 13,
    characterized in that
    a flange (11) associated with the switching device (5) is fastened to a support, in particular a supporting column, and/or in that a flange (10) associated with the resistor stack (2) is designed to be free-floating, in particular connected merely via electric lines.
EP18800563.1A 2017-12-04 2018-11-05 Arrangement and method for switching high voltages having a switching device and precisely one resistor stack Active EP3698387B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017221783.9A DE102017221783A1 (en) 2017-12-04 2017-12-04 Arrangement and method for switching high voltages with a switching device and exactly one resistance stack
PCT/EP2018/080120 WO2019110214A1 (en) 2017-12-04 2018-11-05 Arrangement and method for switching high voltages having a switching device and precisely one resistor stack

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US20210183599A1 (en) 2021-06-17
DE102017221783A1 (en) 2019-06-06
BR112020010747A2 (en) 2020-11-17
CN111433876B (en) 2023-08-25
RU2742214C1 (en) 2021-02-03
EP3698387A1 (en) 2020-08-26

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