EP3697726A1 - Procede de fabrication d'une piece micromecanique en silicium - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication d'une piece micromecanique en siliciumInfo
- Publication number
- EP3697726A1 EP3697726A1 EP18785619.0A EP18785619A EP3697726A1 EP 3697726 A1 EP3697726 A1 EP 3697726A1 EP 18785619 A EP18785619 A EP 18785619A EP 3697726 A1 EP3697726 A1 EP 3697726A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- silicon nitride
- manufacturing
- silicon
- positioning
- faces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0064—Constitution or structural means for improving or controlling the physical properties of a device
- B81B3/0067—Mechanical properties
- B81B3/0075—For improving wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00206—Processes for functionalising a surface, e.g. provide the surface with specific mechanical, chemical or biological properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
- C23C16/345—Silicon nitride
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B13/00—Gearwork
- G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
- G04D3/0002—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe
- G04D3/0028—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe for components of the escape mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/03—Microengines and actuators
- B81B2201/035—Microgears
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing silicon micromechanical parts, that is to say parts whose interactions within an assembly make it possible to produce, transmit and / or transform a movement, and whose one of the dimensions, such as height or thickness, is submillimetric.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous application for a clockwork mechanism, especially for the exhaust parts.
- Timepieces are conventionally machined from metal.
- deep reactive ionic etching techniques also known as “Deep Reactive Ion Etching” or DRIE in Anglo-Saxon literature
- DRIE Deep Reactive Ion Etching
- the crystallographic structure of silicon may have greater weaknesses than metal machined parts.
- the backing layer increases the size of the silicon part.
- the silicon parts may require decoration, for example a specific coloring to integrate into the aesthetics of a clockwork mechanism. This decoration is conventionally performed during the deposition of the reinforcing layer by increasing the thickness of the reinforcing layer.
- the technical problem of the invention thus consists in improving the existing machining techniques of the silicon micromechanical parts to carry out a decoration on a micromechanical component without increasing the size of the micromechanical component.
- the present invention proposes to answer this technical problem by distinguishing several faces of the micromechanical part and depositing a reinforcing layer on the face or faces of the part intended to undergo friction while the face or faces intended to receive a decoration make subject of a specific treatment after etching of the reinforcing layer.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a micromechanical silicon part comprising the following steps:
- machining a silicon wafer so as to create a micromechanical structure said structure comprising at least one contact face intended to support forces and at least one positioning face intended to position said structure;
- the invention is characterized in that said method also comprises the following steps:
- the invention thus makes it possible to use silicon nitride to improve the strength of the micromechanical part whereas the oxidation makes it possible to create a layer of silicon oxide so as to improve the surface state and / or to create patterns on the face or faces of the parts that are not solicited.
- the thickness of the nitride layer can be calibrated only to meet the friction constraints without increasing the volume of the part at the positioning face or faces.
- said silicon nitride layer has a thickness of between 50 and 500 nm. This embodiment makes it possible to respond effectively to the frictional stresses experienced by the gears and the exhaust parts of a clockwork mechanism.
- said oxidation step is performed to create a silicon oxide pattern whose thickness is between 70 and 500 nm. This embodiment makes it possible to create a distinctive pattern by limiting the impact of the pattern on the weight of the piece.
- said part corresponds to a toothed wheel or to an escape wheel in which said contact face corresponds to a toothing and two positioning faces correspond to the upper and lower faces.
- said part corresponds to an anchor in which said contact faces correspond to two branches and a pivot and two positioning faces correspond to the upper and lower faces.
- said oxidation step is performed until creating a pattern forming an optical network.
- This embodiment makes it possible to form an anti-counterfeiting device making it possible to identify a specific micromechanical component by analysis of the optical network.
- said method also comprises the following step: oxidation of a second positioning face devoid of silicon nitride and oxidation.
- This embodiment makes it possible to produce different decorations on two different faces of a micromechanical component.
- the upper face may comprise decorative motifs intended to integrate the micromechanical component into the aesthetics of a clockwork mechanism while the lower face includes an anti-counterfeiting device.
- said step of depositing a silicon nitride layer is carried out by a sub-atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition method.
- This embodiment makes it possible to effectively associate the silicon nitride with the silicon structure.
- the subatmospheric chemical vapor deposition method is also known by the acronym LPCVD for "Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition" in the English literature.
- said step of etching said silicon nitride layer is performed by a dry plasma torch etching process.
- This embodiment makes it possible to remove the silicon nitride effectively and precisely.
- the method of dry plasma torch is also known by the acronym ICP-RIE for "Inductively Coupled Plasma - Reactive Ion Etching" in the Anglo-Saxon literature.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the steps of the method of the invention. invention as well as the treatments undergone by a micromechanical component during these steps.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a method of manufacturing a silicon micromechanical part 11, that is to say a part whose core is made of silicon.
- the first step 50 consists in machining a silicon wafer 12 to form the core of the micromechanical component 11.
- the plate 12 is machined so as to form a gear whose dimensions are millimeter order.
- other micromechanical silicon parts can be made without changing the invention.
- This first step 50 makes it possible to obtain a micromechanical structure 13 comprising several faces 14-15.
- a contact face 14 of the structure 13 is intended to withstand the forces, for example shocks, friction ...
- the forces experienced by the contact face 14 correspond to the friction experienced by the teeth .
- the forces experienced by the contact face 14 correspond to the shocks of the anchor with the escape wheel.
- the structure 13 also comprises a positioning face 15 which is not stressed to respond to the forces experienced by the structure 13 but which is conventionally used during assembly of the micromechanical part 11 to position the part 11 in a mechanism.
- the invention proposes to treat these faces 14-15 distinctly. More specifically, the invention proposes to cover the contact face 14 with a silicon nitride reinforcing layer 16 while at least one positioning face 15 is covered with a layer of silicon oxide 17.
- the micromechanical structure 13 undergoes a first treatment to cover the entire micromechanical structure 13 with a layer of silicon nitride 16.
- the silicon nitride layer 16 may be deposited by a chemical vapor deposition process at subatmospheric pressure. Following this deposition step, the entire micromechanical structure 13 is covered with a layer of silicon nitride 16 with a substantially equivalent thickness e between all the faces 14-15.
- the thickness e1 is between 50 and 500 nm.
- this silicon nitride layer 16 must be removed at the level of at least one positioning face 15.
- an etching of the Silicon nitride layer 16 is formed at at least one positioning face 15 for which the formation of the silicon oxide layer 17 is sought.
- the silicon nitride layer 16 of a positioning face 15, or of two positioning faces 15, can be etched in this third step 52.
- the silicon nitride layer 16 of the two positioning faces 15 is etched so that the two positioning faces of the structure 13 are free of the silicon nitride layer 16. ensure the removal of the silicon nitride layer 16, the etching can be performed by a dry plasma torch etching process with an exposure time greater than the theoretical time to remove the entire thickness and the coating layer. It follows that a part of the silicon nitride layer 16 present on the contact face 14 can be removed in an area 18 close to the positioning faces 15 without changing the invention because the largest part of the contact face 14 is always protected by the silicon nitride layer 16.
- a silicon oxide layer 17 with a thickness e2 which may be different from the thickness e1 of the silicon nitride layer 16.
- the oxidation is carried out to create an oxide pattern of silicon 17 whose thickness e2 is between 70 and 500 nm.
- the thickness e2 of the silicon oxide layer 17 can be determined to modify the color of the part 11 at the level of at least one positioning face 15.
- the oxidation can be structured to form an optical network or to write information about the workpiece 11 using the silicon oxide layer 17.
- first positioning face 15 it is also possible to etch a first positioning face 15 and to oxidize this first positioning face 15 to form a first silicon oxide layer 17 and to repeat these operations to etch another positioning face 15.
- etch a first positioning face 15 it is also possible to etch a first positioning face 15 and to oxidize this first positioning face 15 to form a first silicon oxide layer 17 and to repeat these operations to etch another positioning face 15.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a distinct oxidation between several positioning faces 15.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain a micromechanical part 11 with faces 14-15 treated differently in order to adapt more effectively to the constraints of realization, such as as the color or marking of a piece, without modifying the resistance and without negatively impacting the weight of the piece 11.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1759879A FR3072688B1 (fr) | 2017-10-20 | 2017-10-20 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece micromecanique en silicium |
PCT/EP2018/077842 WO2019076742A1 (fr) | 2017-10-20 | 2018-10-12 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece micromecanique en silicium |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3697726A1 true EP3697726A1 (fr) | 2020-08-26 |
Family
ID=61003144
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18785619.0A Withdrawn EP3697726A1 (fr) | 2017-10-20 | 2018-10-12 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece micromecanique en silicium |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3697726A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3072688B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019076742A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1904901B2 (fr) | 2005-06-28 | 2013-07-10 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Piece de micro-mecanique renforcee |
CH707797A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-09-30 | Silicior Sa | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce micro-mécanique essentiellement plane, et pièce micro-mécanique comportant au moins une portion formée d'oxyde de silicium. |
FR3006304B1 (fr) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-07-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de realisation d'une partie suspendue d'une structure microelectronique et/ou nanoelectronique dans une partie monolithique d'un substrat |
CH711247B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-25 | 2019-08-15 | Nivarox Sa | Pièce de micromécanique avec une surface de contact diminuée et son procédé de fabrication. |
-
2017
- 2017-10-20 FR FR1759879A patent/FR3072688B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-10-12 EP EP18785619.0A patent/EP3697726A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-10-12 WO PCT/EP2018/077842 patent/WO2019076742A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3072688A1 (fr) | 2019-04-26 |
WO2019076742A1 (fr) | 2019-04-25 |
FR3072688B1 (fr) | 2019-10-11 |
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RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B81B 3/00 20060101ALI20210303BHEP Ipc: G04D 3/00 20060101ALI20210303BHEP Ipc: G04B 15/14 20060101ALI20210303BHEP Ipc: C23C 16/34 20060101AFI20210303BHEP Ipc: G04B 17/06 20060101ALI20210303BHEP Ipc: G04B 13/02 20060101ALI20210303BHEP Ipc: B81C 1/00 20060101ALI20210303BHEP |
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