EP3696361A1 - Device for supporting window or door elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for supporting window or door elements on the parapet (or on the floor) of a wall opening consists of at least one support element (10) and a rigid profile rail (20). It has a first longitudinal end (21) and a second longitudinal end (22), the first longitudinal end (21) having openings (23, 24, 25) for receiving fasteners between the profile rail (20) and the reveal, and the second longitudinal end (22) has a profile (26) with ribs, bolts, depressions and / or pins. The upper side of the support element (10) is constructed flat like a table and the lower side has a counter-profile (28) which is designed to be complementary to the profile (26) and allows a form fit with it. For assembly, the support element (10) is pushed or pushed onto the second longitudinal end (22) and serves - optionally with spacer blocks - as a surface for placing the window or door element to be assembled. Also disclosed is an angle element which can establish a secure connection between the profile rail (20) and the window or door element.

Description

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

The correct installation of window and door frames is an important task in modern multi-shell building envelopes, especially because a modern building envelope consists of a large number of functional materials of different thicknesses, strengths and resilience. A frame is placed in an area of the building envelope that is sensible in terms of energy technology or specified by building regulations, but which does not have to be identical to a load-bearing wall section. To z. B. to bridge wall areas made of non-load-bearing material, plate elements made of wood were previously placed at least at the lower limit of a wall opening and screwed to both the frame and the building envelope.

This option is less preferred today, also because modern windows / doors are often large-area and have multiple glazing and are therefore very heavy.

STATE OF THE ART

In order to fasten windows and doors or, in general, components in building openings, assembly devices are often used that have both holding and adjusting elements. Like in the EP 0 945 577 or the EP 1,500,767 shown, these are devices such as profile rails, in which a threaded rod is attached at right angles to one end. The threaded rod can in turn receive support plates or brackets that are adjustable along the longitudinal axis of the thread. This makes it possible to fasten it in a wall opening, usually on the reveal, but also to adjust the position of the component in three dimensions. Such adjustment elements are not favorable because of the additional functionality. The setting options for threaded elements are sensitive, but they also make it time-consuming.

The utility model DE20 2011 108 043 shows a device for fixing a frame in a wall opening below. It recommends a combination of a profile rail with a mounting bracket, the legs of which have a plurality of holes. One of the legs is screwed to the profile rail, the other to the frame. The height adjustment of the frame in relation to the profile rail is carried out using blocks.

In the prior art, it has also been proposed to carry out or support the dissipation of loads using simple mounting brackets. Their possible uses are limited, however, especially because they usually have to be mounted on the outside of the building. If, however, insulation layers are built up there, the installation plans for the mounting brackets and the insulation must be coordinated with one another.

The object of the present invention is to offer a system that is less complex than the prior art, which can be used with little effort, requires little adjustment effort on the construction site and can be produced efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by a device having the features according to claim 1. The subclaims describe further useful variants and embodiments.

Such a device is used to support window or door elements on the reveal of a wall opening. With window and door elements are meant in a broad sense built-in or built-in elements that are intended to partially or completely fill a wall opening and are to be placed in or on or in front of the reveal of a wall opening of a building. In principle, the device comprises at least one support element 10 and a rigid profile rail 20. The support element 10 has an upper side 13 and an underside 14; the terms above and below refer to the intended installation position at the bottom of the opening, on the parapet. The profile rail has a first longitudinal end 21 and a second longitudinal end 22; on, top and bottom are designated with the reference numerals 18 and 19 in a logic analogous to that of the support element. "Above" on the profile rail therefore corresponds to "above" on the support element if both are installed properly. In use, the bottom of the profile rail faces the parapet (wall side), the top faces the window or door element to be installed.

The first longitudinal end 21 of the profile rail 20 has openings 23, 24, 25 for receiving fasteners. In the usual technical context, this means that the openings are arranged in a flat area that adjoins the longitudinal end. The openings are not necessarily arranged exclusively on the edge. Fasteners primarily mean screws including their variants and technical equivalents, which a specialist selects depending on the structure of the building wall, the floor, the weight of the window or door elements or according to the specifications of statics, fire protection or a thermal insulation ordinance.

With openings 23, 24, 25 through bores, threaded holes or other intended locations are meant, at which a fastener can be set. Shape and dimensions depend on the intended use (holes, elongated holes, etc.). The first longitudinal end 21 is provided for fastening the profile rail 20 to the parapet (or on the floor), the second longitudinal end 22 serves to accommodate the support element 10 Ribs, bolts, depressions and / or pins. These can form a symmetrical or deliberately asymmetrical pattern. The named profile elements serve to establish a specific positional relationship between the profile rail 20 and the support element 10.

The upper side 13 of the support element 10 is flat like a table and the lower side 14 has a complementary counter profile 28 to the profile 26. This mating profile is designed in such a way that it enters into a form fit with the profile 26 at the second longitudinal end of the profile rail when the two elements are connected as intended. This means a direct and immediate mechanical contact between the support element and the profile rail, which defines the relative position of the two elements to one another. For example, if the profile rail has one or more longitudinal ribs, the counter profile would be designed as corresponding grooves. If the profile 26 consists of raised pins, the counter profile would consist of holes or depressions into which the pins can engage. In general terms, the profile rail and support element have elements that can interlock in a form-fitting manner.

The device is preferably developed in such a way that the second longitudinal end 22 of the profile rail 20 has at least one receiving opening 17 for (at least) one clamping element 12. This clamping element 12 is correspondingly provided on the support element 10. In the positively connected state of the support element 10 and the profile rail 20, the connection is secured by the interlocking of the clamping element 12 and the receiving opening 17. For this purpose, the clamping element 12 on the support element 10 can be wedge-shaped or conical and engages in the through-hole (receiving opening 17 in the profile rail 20) when it is (positively) fitted together and is held there by a friction fit. Alternatively, the clamping element can be designed as a tubular, longitudinally slotted sleeve. These sleeve segments can thus act as spring elements and, in conjunction with known retaining tongues, can be used as latching elements which can cause the receiving element 10 and the profile rail 20 to lock.

The profile rail 20 addressed in the present invention can have a C, W, U, double-T cross-sectional profile, as is known from the prior art. In a preferred embodiment, the profile rail 20 is designed as a tubular profile 30 and has at least two opposing, planar and parallel surfaces 32, 34. The design described here in the basics would be a tube with a parallel flattened length. In a preferred variant, the profile rail 20 is designed with a (essentially) rectangular cross-sectional profile 36, in particular as an essentially rectangular hollow cross-sectional profile. The rectangular cross-sectional profile can include further stiffening features, as in FIG Figure 3b shown. The rectangular-tubular cross-sectional profile / hollow cross-sectional profile allows a significantly better load-bearing capacity than a more rigid, simpler flat iron. Without running counter to this aim, cutouts, bores or recesses can be provided in the profile rail 20, depending on how the intended use requires. The statement "has a cross-sectional profile" is to be understood with the addition "over substantial parts of the total length".

The profile rail 20 is preferably made predominantly of metal, in particular of steel. The profile rail can be provided with protective coatings made of zinc, lacquer or passivation processes or made of stainless steel. The manufacturing processes for steel profiles are well known. Hollow profiles of the type described above can be bent from flat metal strips or plates and longitudinally welded or formed from round tubes.

The support element 10 can also be made of metal (e.g. die-cast zinc, die-cast aluminum), but preferably of plastic, in particular of thermoplastic by injection molding, compression molding or the like. In this way, the profile 28 described above can also be easily implemented in plastic. In addition to the profile elements (grooves, depressions, ribs and / or pins, e.g. arranged as a matrix), the underside 14 of the support element 10 can also have other features that serve to reinforce the support element. It is also possible to supplement those profile elements that allow the form fit with means that cause a clamping or locking with the profile rail. Improved handling can thereby be achieved.

The area of the upper side 13 of the support element is preferably designed to be larger than its contact area with the profile rail 20, in short, it protrudes on the sides. Due to the interlocking of profile 26 / counter profile 28 and the embodiment described with Clamping element 12 is thus created at the second longitudinal end 22 as a widened support platform for the window or door frame during assembly.

The mating profile 28 is preferably designed in such a way that it allows a form fit with the profile rail in exactly one position. This increases the application security because it helps prevent incorrect assembly. The clamping element 12, in particular when designed as a latching element, gives the user clear feedback when the profile rail 20 and support element 10 are joined together.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the support element 10 and profile rail 20 are designed in such a way that the top side 13 of the support element 10 is flush with the top side 18 of the profile rail 20 in the positively connected state. This creates a continuous surface which, when assembling a door or window component, allows it to be moved without any steps.

In the simplest case, an assembly process will therefore proceed in such a way that a fitter joins a support element 10 and a profile rail 20 and automatically secures them by means of the clamping element 12. The profile rail is then attached to the parapet (or on the floor) of a building opening according to the specifications of an installation or assembly plan. Fasteners such as screws that use the bores 23, 24, 25 provided in the profile rail are usually used for this purpose. These can have different diameters and / or be designed as elongated holes. The second end 22 of the profile rail 20 with attached support element 10 is arranged in the area of the building opening where the window or door element is to be located. After one or more such combinations have been attached to the parapet (or the floor), the window or door element can be lifted into place. Due to the (surface) flush transition between the profile rail 20 and the support element 10, an imprecise initial setting is not critical, the window element can then be pushed into position without any problems.

The advantage of the support element according to the invention is that it provides the fitter with a widened, flat working surface for fine adjustment. In contrast to the profile rails of the prior art, the window element does not rest on narrow webs or the profile rail itself, but on a surface that is flush with the profile rail. Should it be necessary to adjust the height using spacer blocks, it is also easier to provide or adjust them.

A further, advantageous development supplements the combination of support element 10 and profile rail 20 with an angle element 40. This angle element has a first leg 41 and a second leg 42 arranged at right angles to one another. The task of the angle element is the mechanical connection of the profile rail 20 and the window or door element. It serves less to transfer loads through its own weight, but rather to divert dynamic loads such as pressure and suction from wind. In order to make handling easier and safer, the second leg 42 has for this purpose two beveled edge guides 45, 46 arranged in parallel, the spacing of which essentially corresponds to the width of the profile rail 20 on its upper side 18. These edge guides, which can be produced by folding the longitudinal edges of the second leg 42, act as a lateral guide when the bracket is placed on the profile rail. For a person skilled in the art, “essentially the width of the top of the profile rail” is to be understood to mean that the design is carried out with so much play that the angle element can easily be moved along the profile rail 20. It should be pointed out that this angle element 40 can also be used usefully with rails of the same width according to the prior art, that is to say rails with a U, W, C or double-T profile.

The first leg 41 of the angle element is designed to be connected to the door or window component. As is known, this can be done with screws or self-tapping screws or, technically equivalent, with riveting, gluing or other connection techniques. For this purpose, the first leg 41 can be provided with a plurality of bores (43, 43 ', ...). With bores, through bores, through openings or also blind holes can be meant, which merely represent guide aids for a fastener. The plurality of holes allows the fitter to select the best position for the fastener or fasteners for the application.

The securing of the second leg 42, which rests on the profile rail 20 as intended, is preferably carried out by precisely one screw. This definition appears astonishing at first glance, since it deprives the fitter of a degree of freedom. However, this reduction to a target position allows the position that is optimized in terms of load transfer technology to be selected. Since the profile rail can be made profiled, this prevents a fitter from choosing an unfavorable location for the fastener. This specification of the position is achieved in that the second leg 42 is provided with exactly one bore 44. What was said above applies analogously to the meaning of drilling.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, this bore 44 is made eccentrically in the end area 48 of the second leg 42 facing away from the angle apex. The end area will preferably comprise a third of the leg length, and the eccentric position is chosen closer to the leg edge than in the middle.

The angle element 40 is used after the window element has been lifted and aligned in its desired position on the support element 10 relative to the building opening. The angle element is placed with its second leg 42 and is inevitably aligned by the edge guides 45, 46 laterally encompassing the profile rail. By sliding along the profile rail, the angle element 40 is shifted in the direction of the window element until the first leg 41 strikes the frame. Its leg length is chosen so that it ensures the necessary load dissipation, but does not impair the visual appearance of the window element. In order to bridge the blocks of a possible height adjustment, angle elements 40 with different lengths of the leg 41 can be provided, while the leg length 42 (except for special designs) can be selected to be the same for all variants.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• Figure 1 shows a support element 10 once in a plan view of the underside ( Fig. 1a ) and in side view ( Figure 1b ) from the connection point to the professional rail 20.
• Figure 2 shows a profile rail 20 according to the invention, 2a) in plan view the top, 2b) a side view and 2c) the bottom.
• Figure 3 shows schematic pipe cross-sections that could in principle be used for a profile rail 20. Figure 3a ) a flattened pipe profile, Figure 3b ) a hollow cross-sectional profile according to the invention and Figure 3c ) a U, W or C profile.
• Figure 4 shows an angle element 44 in an oblique 3D view
• Figure 5a ) shows a side view, Figure 5b ) a top view of the first leg 41, FIG. 5c) a top view of the second leg 42.

Figure 1 shows a support element 10 according to the invention, in Figure 1a ) from the profiled underside 14 shown. Point 28 marked with an oval denotes the counter profile. The marked area does not designate the size of the area provided with the profile 28 but only a region thereof. The size and shape depend on the profile rail 20 and how much (in terms of area) the support element 10 is larger than an end region of a profile rail. The drawing shows a pattern of profile elements, ribs or

Stiffeners. The feature 29 denotes a longitudinal stop which serves as a receptacle for the longitudinal end 22 of the profile rail 20. Feature 12 marks the clamping element 12. In the side view of FIG Figure 1b ) this clamping element is recognizable as a pin-shaped or sleeve-shaped element. In the side view, it can also be seen that the upper side 13 is designed flat and table-like, whereas the lower side 14 has the profiling which allows the form fit with a longitudinal end 22 of the profile rail.

Figure 2 shows a profile rail 20 according to the invention in 3 views (from top to bottom: top, side view, bottom). The first longitudinal end 21 is shown on the right, the second longitudinal end 22 on the left. The embodiment shown has a hollow cross-sectional profile and is partially open, that is to say cut open.

The left (second) longitudinal end 22 has the profile 26. It was created by removing the top surface of the profile rail 20 in the end area; the profile therefore consists in this form (essentially) of two longitudinal webs and the receiving opening 17 for the clamping element 12. In the side view of FIG Figure 2b ) it becomes clear that this creates a paragraph 31. At this point - after joining with a support element 10 - the profile rail passes over flush with the support element. The upper side 18 has further special features at the opposite, first longitudinal end 21. Here, several openings 23, 24, 25 are shown as examples, holes 23, 24 and elongated hole 25. Since the profile rail 20 is designed here as a hollow profile, the openings on the top 18 are partially oversized so that a screw head can penetrate the top and only then on the material of the underside is supported. This explains why the same openings 24, 25 on the underside 19 (cf. Figure 2c ) are shown smaller.

Figure 1 shows one side of the support element 10 with counter profile 28 and longitudinal or transverse reinforcement elements. A longitudinal stop 29 is also shown, up to which the support element 10 can be pushed onto the profile rail 20.

Figure 3a ) shows a tubular profile 30 'with two parallel, flat contact surfaces (surfaces) 32, 34. In Figure 3b ) a variant 30 is shown as a rectangular hollow profile 36. The longitudinal profiling, which leads to a further increase in the rigidity of the profile rail 20, is also clearly visible here. Figure 3c shows a profile rail 50 according to the prior art with a longitudinal reinforcement as in the hollow profile 36 of Figure 3b ). The synopsis of Figure 2a ), Longitudinal end 22 and the profile rail 50 makes it clear that the resulting profile 26 after removing a portion of the top 18 from the rectangular hollow profile 36 is the classic Profile of the profile rail 50 is the same. This opens up the possibility of using the support element 10 also with a classic profile rail 50, provided that a receiving opening 17 for the clamping element 12 is also provided in it.

Figure 4 shows the angle element 40 in an oblique plan view. The first leg 41, intended to stop a window or door element, has a plurality of bores 43, 43 ', 43 ", ... The arrangement and diameter of the bores / openings is not mandatory, but is shown as an example.

The second leg 42 of the angle element 40 is intended to rest on the upper side 18/32 of a profile rail 20 or an angle profile 50 according to the prior art. The edge guides 45 and 46 encompass the top 18/32/50 and ensure safe handling. In the end area 48, the individual bore 44 in the second leg 42 can be seen.

Further representations of the angle element 40 are in FIG Figure 5 shown. Figure 5a ) is a side view of the angle with the visible fold / edge guide 45 on the second leg 42. Figure 5b ) shows a plan view of the first leg 41 in a shortened variant compared to FIG Figure 4. Figure 5c ) shows a top view of the second leg 42 with the edge guides 45, 46 and the individual bore in the second leg.

The features shown and described can be essential individually and in combination.

Claims (15)

Device for supporting window or door elements on the reveal of a wall opening, with - At least one support element (10) with an upper side (13) and an underside (14), - A rigid profile rail (20) which has an upper side (18), an underside (19), a first longitudinal end (21) and a second longitudinal end (22), wherein - The first longitudinal end (21) has openings (23, 24, 25) for receiving fasteners and - the second longitudinal end (22) on the top (18) has a profile (26) with ribs, bolts, depressions and / or pins, characterized in that the top (13) of the support element (10) is flat like a table and the bottom (14) has a counter profile (28) which is complementary to the profile (26) at the second longitudinal end (22) of the profile rail (20) and thereby can be connected to it in a form-fitting manner. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second longitudinal end (22) of the profile rail (20) has at least one receiving opening (17) for a clamping element (12). Device according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the support element (10) has at least one clamping element (12). Device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the profile rail (20) has a tubular profile (30) with at least two opposing, flat and parallel surfaces (32, 34). Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the profile rail (20) has an essentially rectangular cross-sectional profile (36). Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the cross-sectional profile (36) is a hollow cross-sectional profile. Device according to Claims 1-6, characterized in that the profile rail (20) consists predominantly of metal, in particular of steel. Device according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the support element (10) consists of plastic, in particular of a thermoplastic. Device according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the counter profile (28) of the support element consists of a matrix of grooves, depressions, ribs and / or pins. Device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that the top (13) of the support element (10) in the positively connected state with the profile rail (20) terminates flush with the top (18) of the profile rail (20). Device according to claims 1-10, characterized in that the support element (10) is secured in the positively connected state with the profile rail (20) by the interlocking of the clamping element (12) and the receiving opening (17). Arrangement of a device according to claims 1-11 and an angle element (40) which has a first (41) and a second leg (42) in a right-angled arrangement, characterized in that the second leg (42) has two parallel, beveled edge guides (45, 46), the spacing of which essentially corresponds to the width of the profile rail (20) on its top (18). Arrangement according to Claim 12, characterized in that the first leg (41) is provided with a plurality of bores (43, 43 ', ...). Arrangement according to claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the second leg (42) is provided with exactly one bore (44). Arrangement according to Claim 14, characterized in that the bore (44) is made eccentrically in the end region (48) of the second leg (42) facing away from the angular apex.

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