EP3696362B1 - Device for supporting window or door elements - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

With modern multi-layer building envelopes, the proper installation of window and door frames is an important task, especially because a modern building envelope consists of a variety of functional materials of different thickness, strength and load-bearing capacity. A frame is placed in an area of the building shell that makes sense in terms of energy technology or is specified by building regulations, but which does not have to be identical to a load-bearing wall section. To e.g. For example, to bridge wall areas made of non-load-bearing material, panel elements made of wood were previously placed at least on the lower boundary of a wall opening and screwed to both the frame and the building envelope.

This option is less preferred today, also because modern windows/doors are often large and have multiple glazing and are therefore very heavy.

STATE OF THE ART

Mounting devices that have both holding and adjusting elements are often used to fasten windows and doors or components in general in building openings. Like in the EP 0 945 577 or the EP 1 500 767 shown, these are devices like profile rails in which a threaded rod is attached at right angles to one end. The threaded rod can in turn accommodate support plates or brackets that are adjustable along the longitudinal axis of the thread. This makes it possible to fix it in a wall opening, usually on the reveal or parapet, but also to adjust the position of the component in three dimensions. However, such adjustment elements are not favorable because of the additional functionality. The setting options for threaded elements are delicate, but they also make it very time-consuming.

The utility model DE20 2011 108 043 shows a device for fixing a frame in a wall opening below. It recommends a combination of a profile rail with a mounting bracket whose legs have a number of holes. One of the legs is screwed to the profile rail, the other to the frame. The height of the frame relative to the profile rail is adjusted using blocks.

In the prior art, it was also proposed to carry out or support the dissipation of the loads by means of simple mounting brackets. However, their possible uses are limited, in particular because they usually have to be mounted on the load-bearing outside of the building. However, if insulation layers are built up there, the installation plans for the mounting brackets and the insulation must be coordinated.

Furthermore, from the EP 2 896 774 A1 a device for fixing in particular a window frame to a structure is known, which uses a support rail with different bores. A fixing element is attached to one of the holes, which connects the window to the support rail. A stiffening element is assigned to the bore used in the support rail for reinforcement.

The font KR 100 899 787 B1 also uses a profiled support rail and supplements it with a support bracket towards the structure. The support rail is longitudinally profiled and the support bracket has a matching, complementary profile. As a result, it can be applied to the support rail in a form-fitting manner, but remains displaceable out of the way along its longitudinal axis. The advantage is that the top, flat contact surface of the support rail is available in its entirety for placing a structure.

The object of the present invention is to offer a system that is less complex than the prior art, which can be used with little effort, requires little adjustment effort on the construction site and can be produced efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by an arrangement with the features according to claim 1. The subclaims describe further useful variants and embodiments.

Such an arrangement comprises a device and an angle element. The device is used to support window or door elements on the reveal or parapet of a wall opening. In this context, window and door elements mean in the broadest sense built-in elements or built-in elements that are intended to partially or completely fill a wall opening and are to be placed in or on or in front of a wall opening of a building. In principle, the device comprises at least one support element 10 and a rigid profile rail 20, 36 or 60. The support element 10 has an upper side 13 and an underside 14; the terms above and below refer to the intended installation position at the lower edge of the opening, on the parapet. The profile rail has a first longitudinal end 21 and a second longitudinal end 22; on, top and bottom are denoted by the reference numerals 18 and 19 in analog logic to the support element. "Top" for the profile rail corresponds to "top" for the support element if both are installed correctly. In use, the underside of the profile rail points to the parapet (wall side), the top to the window or door element to be installed.

The first longitudinal end of the profile rail has openings for receiving fasteners. In the usual technical context, this means that the openings are arranged in a flat area that borders on the longitudinal end of the profile rail. The openings are not necessarily arranged exclusively at the edge. Fasteners primarily mean screws including their variants and technical equivalents, which a specialist selects depending on the structure of the building wall, the floor, the weight of the window or door elements or according to the specifications of statics, fire protection or a heat insulation ordinance.

Openings mean through-holes, threaded holes or other positions, e.g. provided by embossing, at which it is possible to set a fastener. Shape and dimensions depend on the intended use (holes, elongated holes, etc.). The first longitudinal end is intended for fastening the profile rail to the parapet (on the reveal or on the floor), the second longitudinal end serves to accommodate the support element. In order to achieve this, a profile with ribs, bolts, depressions and/or pins is introduced at the top of the second longitudinal end. These can form a symmetrical or deliberately asymmetrical pattern. The profile elements mentioned are used to define a specific positional relationship between the profile rail and the support element.

The upper side of the support element is designed flat like a table and the underside has a complementary counter-profile to the profile. This counter profile is designed in such a way that it enters into a form fit with the profile at the second longitudinal end of the profile rail when the two elements are connected as intended. This means direct and immediate mechanical contact between the support element and the profile rail, which defines the position of the two elements relative to one another. If, for example, the profile rail has one or more longitudinal ribs, the counter-profile would be designed as corresponding grooves. If the profile 26 consists of raised pins, the counter-profile would consist of holes or indentations into which the pins can engage. To put it more generally, the profile rail and support element have elements that can interlock in a form-fitting manner.

The device is preferably developed in such a way that the second longitudinal end of the profile rail has at least one receiving opening for (at least) one clamping element. This clamping element is provided accordingly on the support element. In the positively connected state of the support element and the profile rail, the connection is secured by the interlocking of the clamping element and the receiving opening. For this purpose, the clamping element on the support element can be designed in the shape of a wedge or cone and engages in the through hole (receiving opening 17 in the profile rail) when they are (positively) plugged together and is held there by a friction fit. Alternatively, the clamping element can be designed as a tubular, longitudinally slotted sleeve. These sleeve segments can thus act as spring elements and, in conjunction with known retaining tongues, can be used as latching elements that can cause the receiving element and profile rail to be locked.

The combination of support element and profile rail is supplemented by an angle element (reference 40 or 50). This angle element has a first and a second leg arranged at right angles to one another. The task of the angle element is the mechanical connection of profile rail and window or door element. It is less used to transfer the dead weight than to derive dynamic loads such as pressure and suction from the wind. In order to make handling easier and safer, the second leg has two parallel, folded edge guides for this purpose, the spacing of which essentially corresponds to the width of the profile rail on its upper side. These edge guides, which can be produced by bending the longitudinal edges of the second leg, act as a lateral guide when the angle is placed on the profile rail. For those skilled in the art, “substantially the width of the upper side of the profile rail” is to be understood as meaning that the design is carried out with so much play that the angle element can be easily moved along the profile rail. It should be pointed out that this angle element can also be usefully used with rails of the same width manufactured according to the prior art, i.e. rails with a U, W, C or double T profile ( 3c ).

The profile rail referred to in the present invention can have a C, W, U, double-T cross-sectional profile, as is known from the prior art. In a preferred embodiment, the profile rail is designed as a tubular profile and has at least two opposite, flat, extended and parallel surfaces. The embodiment described here in its basic features would be a parallel flattened tube in length. In a preferred variant, the profile rail is made with a (substantially) rectangular cross-sectional profile designed, in particular as a substantially rectangular hollow cross-section profile. The rectangular cross-sectional profile can include additional stiffening features, as in the Figure 3b shown. The rectangular-tubular cross-section profile / hollow cross-section profile allows a significantly better load-bearing capacity than a simpler, more rigid flat bar. Without going against this aim, cutouts, through-holes or recesses can be provided in the profile rail, depending on how the intended use requires it. The statement "has a cross-sectional profile" is to be understood with the addition "over essential parts of the overall length".

The profile rail is preferably made predominantly of metal, in particular steel. The profile rail can be provided with protective coatings made of zinc, paint or passivation processes or be made of stainless steel. The manufacturing processes for steel profiles are well known. Hollow sections of the type described above can be bent from flat metal strips or plates and welded longitudinally or formed from round tubes.

The support element can also be made of metal (e.g. die-cast zinc, die-cast aluminum), but is preferably made of plastic, in particular thermoplastic, by injection molding, compression molding or the like. In this way, the profile described above can be easily realized in plastic. In addition to the profile elements (grooves, depressions, ribs and/or pins, e.g. arranged as a matrix), the underside of the support element can also have other features that serve to reinforce the support element. It is also possible to supplement those profile elements that allow the form fit with means that cause clamping or latching with the profile rail. This allows improved handling to be achieved.

The surface of the upper side of the support element is preferably designed to be larger than its contact surface with the profile rail, in short, it protrudes on the sides. The interlocking of the profile/counter-profile and the described embodiment with a clamping element thus creates a broadened support platform for the window or door frame during assembly at the second longitudinal end.

The counter profile is preferably designed in such a way that it allows a form fit with the profile rail in exactly one position. This increases application safety because it helps to prevent incorrect assembly. The clamping element, especially if designed as a locking element, gives the user clear feedback when assembling the profile rail and support element.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the support element and profile rail are designed in such a way that the upper side of the support element is flush with the upper side of the profile rail (reference 18, 32) when connected in a form-fitting manner. This creates a continuous surface which, when assembling a door or window component, makes it possible to move it smoothly.

In the simplest case, an assembly process is therefore carried out in such a way that a fitter joins a support element and a profile rail and the clamping element automatically secures them. The profile rail is then attached to the parapet (reveal or floor) of a building opening according to the specifications of an installation or assembly plan. Fasteners such as screws, which use the holes provided in the profile rail, are usually used for this purpose. These can have different diameters and/or be designed as elongated holes. The second end of the profile rail with the attached support element is arranged in the area of the building opening where the window or door element is to be located. After one or more such combinations have been attached to the parapet (or to the floor), the window or door element can be lifted into place. Due to the (surface) flush transition between the profile rail and the support element, an imprecise initial setting down is not critical, the window element can then be pushed into position without any problems.

The advantage of the support element according to the invention is that it provides the fitter with a widened, flat work surface for fine adjustment. Unlike the profile rails of the prior art, the window element does not rest on narrow webs or the profile rail itself, but on a surface that is flush with the profile rail. If a height adjustment using shims should be necessary, their provision or adjustment is also made easier.

It applies to the angle element that its first leg is designed to be connected to the door or window component. As is known, this can be done with screws or self-tapping screws or, technically equivalent, with rivets, gluing or other connection techniques. For this purpose, the first leg can be provided with a plurality of bores. With holes can be through holes, through holes or blind holes can also be meant, which merely represent guidance aids for a fastener. The large number of holes allows the fitter to select the best position for the fastener or fasteners for the intended purpose.

The attachment of the second leg, which rests on the profile rail as intended, can be done by exactly one screw, which is introduced into the surface of the second leg facing the interior. At first glance, this definition appears astonishing, since it deprives the fitter of a degree of freedom. However, this reduction to a target position (reference 44) allows the position that is optimized in terms of load transmission to be selected. Since the profile rail can be designed with (transverse) profiles, this prevents a fitter from choosing an unfavorable placement for the fastener. This specification of the position is achieved by providing the second leg with exactly one hole. What was said above applies analogously to the meaning of the term bore.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, this single bore is made eccentrically in the end region of the second leg facing away from the apex of the angle. The end area will preferably comprise a third of the length of the leg, the eccentric position being selected closer to the edge of the leg than in the middle.

The angle element is used after the window element has been raised and aligned in its desired position on the support element relative to the building opening. The angle element is placed with its second leg and is positively aligned by the edge guides that encompass the profile rail at the side. By sliding along the profile rail, the angle element is moved in the direction of the window element until the first leg hits the frame. Its leg length is selected so that it ensures the necessary load dissipation but does not impair the visual appearance of the window element. In order to bridge the blocks of a possible height adjustment, angle elements with different lengths of the first leg can be provided, while the second leg length (except for special designs) can be chosen the same for all variants.

The arrangement of profile rail 20, 60, support element 10 and an angle element 40, 50 can be viewed in a second design. The angle element has a first and a second leg arranged at right angles to one another. The second leg has two parallel, folded edge guides pointing away from the interior of the bracket has whose clear distance from one another essentially corresponds to the width of the profile rail at the top.

The folded edge guides are therefore designed as flat guide webs, which are arranged parallel to the side surfaces of the profile rail in the assembled state. Here, too, the orientation is meant as described at the beginning. It is preferred that the folded edge guides have at least one opening (hole, through-hole, embossing), preferably at least one opening per edge guide.

If this embodiment is implemented, the surface of the second leg facing the interior can do without bores or passage openings.

DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

• figure 1 shows a support element 10 once in plan view of the underside ( Fig. 1a ) and in side view ( Fig. 1b ) from the connection point to the professional rail 20.
• figure 2 shows a profile rail 20 according to the invention, 2a) in top view the upper side, 2b) a side view and 2c) the underside.
• figure 3 shows schematic tube cross-sections that could in principle be used for a profile rail 20 . Figure 3a ) a flattened tube profile, Figure 3b ) a hollow cross-sectional profile according to the invention and Figure 3c ) a U, W or C profile.
• figure 4 shows an angle element 40 (first design) in an oblique 3D view
• Figure 5a ) shows a side view, Figure 5b ) a plan view of the first leg 41, Figure 5c) a plan view of the second leg 42.
• figure 6 shows an angle element 50 in the second design
• figure 7 shows an installation situation of profile rail 60, support element 10 and bracket 50 on a parapet 59

figure 1 shows a support element 10 according to the invention, in Figure 1a ) of the profiled underside 14 shown. Point 28 marked with an oval designates the counter profile. The marked area does not designate the size of the area provided with the profile 28 but only a region thereof. The size and shape depend on the profile rail 20 and how much larger (in terms of surface area) the support element 10 is than an end area of a profile rail. The drawing shows a pattern of profile elements, ribs or reinforcements. The feature 29 designates a longitudinal stop which serves as a receptacle for the longitudinal end 22 of the profile rail 20 . Feature 12 marks the clamping element 12. In the side view of Figure 1b ) is this clamping element as a pin or sleeve-shaped element recognizable. The side view also shows that the upper side 13 is designed flat and like a table, whereas the lower side 14 has the profile that allows the positive connection with a longitudinal end 22 of the profile rail.

figure 2 shows a profile rail 20 according to the invention in 3 views (from top to bottom: top, side view, bottom). The first longitudinal end 21 is shown on the right, the second longitudinal end 22 on the left. The embodiment shown has a hollow cross-sectional profile and is partially open, ie cut open.

The left (second) longitudinal end 22 has the profile 26 . It was created by removing the top surface of the profile rail 20 in the end area, the profile therefore consists in this form (essentially) of two longitudinal webs and the receiving opening 17 for the clamping element 12. In the side view of Figure 2b ) it becomes clear that this creates paragraph 31. At this point - after joining with a support element 10 - the profile rail is flush with the support element. The upper side 18 has further special features at the opposite, first longitudinal end 21 . Several openings 23, 24, 25 are shown here as examples, holes 23, 24 and slot 25. Since the profile rail 20 is designed here as a hollow profile, the openings on the top 18 are partially oversized so that a screw head can pass through the top and only on the material of the underside is supported. This explains why the same openings 24, 25 on the underside 19 (cf. Figure 2c ) are shown smaller.

figure 1 shows one side of the support element 10 with a counter-profile 28 and longitudinal or transverse reinforcement elements. Also shown is a longitudinal stop 29 up to which the support element 10 can be pushed onto the profile rail 20 .

Figure 3a ) shows a tube profile 30' with two parallel, flat contact surfaces (surfaces) 32, 34 and side surfaces 37, 38. In Figure 3b ) a variant 30 is shown as a rectangular hollow profile 36. The longitudinal profiling, which leads to a further increase in the rigidity of the profile rail 20, is also clearly recognizable here. Figure 3c shows a profile rail 60 according to the prior art with a longitudinal reinforcement as in the hollow profile 36 of Figure 3b ). The synopsis of Figure 2a ), Longitudinal end 22 and the profile rail 60 makes it clear that the resulting profile 26 after removing a section of the top 18 from the rectangular hollow profile 36 resembles the classic profile of the profile rail 60. This opens up the possibility of also using the support element 10 with a classic profile rail 60, if a receiving opening 17 for the clamping element 12 is also provided with it.

figure 4 shows the angle element 40 in an oblique view. The first leg 41, intended as a stop for a window or door element, has a large number of bores 43, 43', 43",... The arrangement and diameter of the bores/openings is not mandatory, but is shown as an example.

The second leg 42 of the angle element 40 is intended to rest on the upper side 18/32 of a profile rail 20 or an angle profile 60 according to the prior art. The edge guides 45 and 46 grip the top 18/32/60 and provide handling security. The individual bore 44 in the second leg 42 can be seen in the end region 48 .

Further representations of the angle element 40 are in figure 5 shown. Figure 5a ) is a side view of the bracket with the visible bevel / edge guide 45 on the second leg 42. Figure 5b ) shows a top view of the first leg 41 in a shortened version compared to FIG Figure 4. Figure 5c ) shows a plan view of the second leg 42 with the edge guides 45, 46 and the single bore in the second leg.

figure 6 FIG. 12 shows a support bracket (angle element) 50 as a further improved version of the bracket 40. FIG figure 4 . A second leg 52 is designed to be placed on a profile rail 20 or 60. For this purpose, it has guide edges or webs in the form of beveled edge guides 51, 53, which support an alignment/edge guide on the profile rail 20, 30 or 60. A first leg 54 is substantially perpendicular to the first leg 52 . The first and second legs 52, 54 enclose the interior of the bracket between them.

A plurality of bores, openings, oblong holes or connection points 56, 56' are provided on the first leg 54 in order to be able to fasten the support bracket properly to the component (window, door). A plurality of openings allows the fitter to set one or more fasteners depending on the window or door element and to carry out the connection as intended or prescribed.

The second leg 52 is designed in such a way that the guide webs or edge guides 51, 53 provided laterally in the longitudinal extent of the angle leg grip around the profile rail 60, as in FIG figure 7 shown. The clear space or the clear distance between the The two lateral guide webs 51, 53 are chosen so that the angle element is guided on the profile rail 60 with little play and remains longitudinally displaceable for adjustment.

The guide webs 51, 53 each have at least one opening 58, preferably a through-hole, while the surface of the second leg 52 facing the interior does not require any bores/through-holes. As in figure 7 further shown, the opening 58 serves as a guide for a fastener that can connect the angle element 50 to the profile rail 60 in a non-positive manner. This can be done either from the left or the right, in the arrangement logic as defined above.

This connection, which at first glance seems unusual - the fastener is arranged parallel to the parapet 59 - has proven to be particularly advantageous. The angle element 40 off figure 4 uses the hole 44 for attachment to a profile rail, through which a fastener can be guided. Forces on the angle 40 can result in a tipping load with an axis lying at the apex of the angle 40. As a result, a fastener that has been placed in a profile rail through the hole 44 is subjected to a tensile load and the thread must transfer this force to the profile rail. In addition, depending on the length, a set fastener will be driven into the base material of the parapet / reveal, which - depending on the hardness of this base - makes setting the fastener more difficult or leads to drilling dust. When setting a fastener 57 "laterally" as in figure 7 shown, this danger does not exist. In addition, in the case of a tilting movement analogous to the above description, the fastener 57 is now not subjected to a tensile load, but rather to a shearing load. Thus, the entire core of the fastener is involved in the load transfer and not just its thread. This explains why - depending on the design - a single fastener per angle profile rail connection can be sufficient.

In the figure 7 an installation situation is shown with a profile rail 60, which is screwed at its first longitudinal end 21 through an opening 23 on the inner surface of a parapet 59. A support element 10 is attached to the second longitudinal end of the profile rail 60, its upper side is flush with the upper longitudinal edges (guide webs 51, 53) of the profile rail 60 (cf. Figure 3c ) away. An angle element 50 is placed on the profile rail in such a way that its guide webs 51 , 53 come to rest parallel to the side faces 37 , 38 of the profile rail 60 . A fastener 57 uses the opening 58 to connect the angle element 50 to the profile rail. A window element (not shown) would be placed on the support element and screwed, adjusted in height, to the other leg of the bracket in the desired position.

Claims (15)

1. An arrangement consisting of a device and an angle element (40, 50), the device serving to support window or door elements on the parapet or jamb of a wall opening, with

   - at least one support element (10) having an upper side (13) and a lower side (14),

   - a rigid profile rail (20, 60) which has an upper side (18), a lower side (19), a first longitudinal end (21) and a second longitudinal end (22), wherein

   - the first longitudinal end (21) has openings (23, 24, 25) for receiving fasteners, and

   - the second longitudinal end (22) has a profile (26) on the upper side (18) with ribs, bolts, recesses and/or pins, and

   wherein the upper side (13) of the support element (10) is formed to be flat in a table-like manner and the lower side (14) has a mating profile (28) which is formed to be complementary to the profile (26) at the second longitudinal end (22) of the profile rail (20, 60) and can therefore be positively connected thereto,

   wherein the angle element (40, 50) has a first (41, 54) and a second leg (42, 52) provided in a mutually perpendicular arrangement,

   characterized in that

   the second leg (42, 52) of the angle element (40, 50) has two parallel, beveled edge guides (45, 46, 51, 53), their clear distance to one another corresponds substantially to the width of the profile rail (20, 60) on the upper side (18) thereof.
2. The arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the second longitudinal end (22) of the profile rail (20) has at least one receiving opening (17) for a clamping element (12).
3. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 2, characterized in that the support element (10) has at least one clamping element (12).
4. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the profile rail (20) has a tubular profile (30) with at least two mutually opposite, planarly extended and parallel surfaces (32, 34).
5. The arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the profile rail (20) has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile (36).
6. The arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the cross-sectional profile (36) is a hollow cross-sectional profile.
7. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 6, characterized in that the profile rail (20, 60) is predominantly made of metal, in particular of steel.
8. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the support element (10) is made of plastics, in particular of a thermoplastic.
9. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 8, characterized in that the mating profile (28) of the support element consists of a matrix of grooves, recesses, ribs and/or pins.
10. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 9, characterized in that in the positively connected state with the profile rail (20), the upper side (13) of the support element (10) is flush-mounted with the upper side (18) of the profile rail (20).
11. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 10, characterized in that in the positively connected state with the profile rail (20), the support element (10) is secured by the interlocking of the clamping element (12) and the receiving opening (17) .
12. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 11, characterized in that the beveled edge guides (45, 46, 51, 53) are designed as flat guide webs which, in the assembled state, are arranged parallel to the side faces (37, 38) of the profile rail (60).
13. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 12, characterized in that the beveled edge guides (45, 46, 51, 53) have at least one opening, preferably at least one opening per edge guide (45, 46, 51, 53) .
14. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 13, characterized in that the surface of the second leg (52) facing the interior space does not need bores or passage openings.
15. The arrangement according to claims 1 - 13, characterized in that the surface of the second leg (52) facing the interior space is provided with exactly one bore (44).

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