EP3689130A1 - Roller shell for a conditioning roller - Google Patents

Roller shell for a conditioning roller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3689130A1
EP3689130A1 EP20153562.2A EP20153562A EP3689130A1 EP 3689130 A1 EP3689130 A1 EP 3689130A1 EP 20153562 A EP20153562 A EP 20153562A EP 3689130 A1 EP3689130 A1 EP 3689130A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roller
teeth
conditioning
leading
trailing
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Granted
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EP20153562.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3689130B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Gross
Maximilian Frenzel
Manfred Engel
Patrick Mclawhorn
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Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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Publication of EP3689130A1 publication Critical patent/EP3689130A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D82/00—Crop conditioners, i.e. machines for crushing or bruising stalks
    • A01D82/02—Rollers for crop conditioners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/10—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for crushing or bruising the mown crop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roller jacket for a conditioning roller with a number of teeth distributed around its circumference and extending in the axial direction, each of which has a circumferentially leading, outwardly rising flank, a circumferentially trailing, inwardly flanking flank and, in between, an outer flank comprising a region extending along the circumferential direction, a conditioning roller equipped therewith and a forage harvester equipped therewith.
  • Forage harvesters are used to harvest whole plants or their parts, which are taken from a field during operation by a header, pressed together by pre-pressing rollers and fed to a knife drum, the chopping knives of which cut the plants in cooperation with a counter knife.
  • the cut plants or parts are then optionally fed to a conditioning device and conveyed by a post-acceleration device into an ejection manifold which loads them onto a transport vehicle.
  • the harvested plants are usually used as animal feed or for biogas production.
  • the conditioning device usually comprises two or more rollers driven in opposite directions, which are biased against each other by a spring force and between which the chopped material is passed. It is used in the maize harvest to break down the grains contained in the chopped material and to improve the digestibility of the feed.
  • a common embodiment of a conditioning device can be found in EP 2 098 110 A2 which shows two cooperating conditioning rollers with teeth distributed around their circumference and extending in the axial direction over the width of the conditioning rollers.
  • teeth are sawtooth-shaped or as a symmetrical triangle (brochure "Krone Big X 750 C Precision-chop forage harvester", printed note 06.14).
  • the teeth may include flat outer portions that extend circumferentially and have a predetermined width. This is intended to extend the service life of the teeth, because even after a certain period of operation and the resulting wear on the teeth, parts of the teeth remain that extend far enough from the jacket of the conditioning roller to process the crop.
  • a roller jacket for a conditioning roller has (in new, unused condition) a number of teeth distributed around its circumference, extending in the axial direction or helically extending, each having a leading flank leading in the circumferential direction, rising in the radial direction, and a trailing edge in the radial direction Inward direction falling flank and between them include an outer, extending along the circumferential direction, which includes at least one (concave) recess and / or at least one step.
  • the service life is extended by the outer area compared to previous tooth shapes with a triangular or sawtooth-shaped cross-section and you get a permanently continuous gap between adjacent conditioning rollers.
  • the outer area provides an increased engagement length over which the teeth interact with the crop and greater friction effects.
  • the re-sharpening effects of the teeth can be achieved through the interacting roller shells.
  • the depression can have a rectangular or trapezoidal or arcuate or triangular or sawtooth-like cross section or any combination of these cross sections.
  • the outer region can comprise two outer bumps, viewed in the circumferential direction, between which the depression is arranged, and the outer surfaces of the outer bumps can be flat or pointed in the peripheral direction.
  • the bumps can be symmetrical or asymmetrical to each other.
  • the leading bump can be higher or lower and / or wider or narrower and / or more pointed or blunt than the trailing bump.
  • the leading and trailing flanks can form a stump of a triangle or sawtooth or rectangle.
  • At least one of the teeth of the roller shell can be provided with a wear marking, which can be designed in particular as a notch.
  • the self-propelled forage harvester 10 shown is built on a frame 12 which is supported by driven front wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16.
  • the forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18, from which a harvesting attachment 20 suitable for harvesting stalk-like plants can be seen.
  • the header 20 which in the embodiment shown is a row-independent corn header
  • material picked up from the ground e.g. B. corn, grain or the like
  • a chopper drum 22 which chops it into small pieces and gives it to a conveyor 24.
  • the good leaves the Forage harvester 10 to a trailer traveling alongside via a discharge device 26 which is adjustable in its position.
  • a conditioning device with two conditioning rollers 28, 28 ', through which the material to be conveyed is fed tangentially to the conveyor device 24.
  • directional information such as front, rear, left and right, relates to the forward direction V of the forage harvester 10, which is shown in FIG Figure 1 runs from right to left.
  • the crop is transported between the crop pick-up device 20 and the chopper drum 22 by a feed conveyor with lower feed rollers 32 and upper feed rollers 30, which are mounted inside a feed housing 36.
  • the conveyor rollers 30, 32 are also referred to as pre-compression rollers, since the upper conveyor rollers 30 are prestressed by spring force against the lower conveyor rollers 32, so that the crop between the conveyor rollers 30, 32 is pre-compacted and can be cut better.
  • the chopper knives distributed around the circumference of the chopper drum 22 interact with a shear bar to chop the crop.
  • the Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the conditioning rollers 28, 28 ', each comprising a roller jacket 38 which is rotatably supported on the frame 12 by support disks, stub axles and bearings known per se and in rotation during harvesting operation by means of a suitable drive (not shown) about its central axis is displaceable, the two conditioning rollers 28, 28 'can be driven at different circumferential speeds relative to each other and are biased against each other by spring force (and / or hydraulic cylinders).
  • the roller jackets 38 each comprise a number of teeth 40 of the same type distributed around their circumference, which are in the Figures 2 to 9 are shown in new condition.
  • the teeth 40 each extend over the entire axial length of the roller shells 38 in the axial direction, although it would also be conceivable for them to run only over part of the axial length of the roller shells 38, that is, between adjacent ones in the axial direction To provide teeth vertical or oblique grooves, as in the DE 10 2011 084 443 B3 shown.
  • the teeth of co-operating rollers can be offset in the axial direction, so that the teeth of one of the rollers penetrate into the grooves of the other roller.
  • the teeth 40 can be placed in a spiral or helical shape around the roller jacket 38, instead of being exactly axial (see FIG. EP 3 417 693 A1 ).
  • the distance in the circumferential direction of successive teeth 40 corresponds in the order of magnitude to the diameter of the grains to be struck.
  • the teeth 40 include, as in FIGS Figures 3 to 9 shown, leading flanks 44, trailing flanks 42 and an intermediate, radially outer region 46.
  • the trailing flanks 42 are less steep than the leading flanks 44, ie the flanks 42, 44 form a stump of a sawtooth, which lacks the tip due to the outer region 46 which extends essentially in the circumferential direction.
  • the flanks 42, 44 could also form a stump of an equilateral triangle or a rectangle or extend exactly radially.
  • the direction of rotation of the roller shells 38 Figures 3 to 9 is directed to the left, although it could also be directed to the right, ie the leading and trailing edges 44, 42 could be interchanged.
  • the outer region 46 is in the embodiment of FIG Figure 3 not flat in itself, but comprises a depression 52 which is arranged between two bumps 48, 50.
  • the depression 52 has a trapezoidal (bathtub-like) cross section, ie the dimension of the depression 52 measured in the circumferential direction is smaller at its base than at its radially outer end.
  • the cross section of the depression 52 could also be rectangular.
  • the bumps 48, 50 also have a trapezoidal cross-section, the circumferential dimension of the bumps being smaller at their radially outer end than at their radially inner end (where the full tooth 40 begins).
  • the outer, circumferentially extending flanks of the bumps 48, 52 are flat in themselves or circular in accordance with the radius of the enveloping circle of the teeth 40.
  • the bumps 48, 50 and the depression 52 accordingly form a second edge on the leading flank of the trailing bump 48, which is used to stop the Grains in the crop processed by the conditioning roller 28, 28 'contributes.
  • the embodiment of the Figure 4 essentially corresponds to that Figure 3 , however, the depressions 52 are U-shaped or arcuate in cross section. In addition, they are shorter in the circumferential direction than the depressions 52 according to the embodiment Figure 3 .
  • the embodiment of the Figure 5 essentially corresponds to that Figure 4 however, the indentations 52 are deeper than the indentations 52 of the embodiment Figure 4 .
  • the embodiment of the Figure 7 essentially corresponds to that Figure 3 , however, the bump 50 is smaller than the bump 48 and the recess 52 has a leading flank that extends relatively flat inward from the leading bump 50 and a trailing flank that rises relatively steeply outward to the bump 48.
  • leading bump 50 and the depression 52 are omitted.
  • the trailing hump 48 forms a step with its leading flank 56, which also serves to strike the grains.
  • One or more of the teeth 40 of the roller shell 38 can, as in the Figure 3 shown by way of example, can be equipped with a wear mark 54 in the form of a notch or groove that extends axially over part or the entire length of the tooth 40.
  • the user can recognize from a missing wear marking that a possibly worn roller jacket 38 or the entire conditioning roller 28, 28 'must be replaced.
  • the wear marking 54 can also be used independently of the tooth shape, ie can also be used with teeth 40 of any cross-section, for example triangular or sawtooth-shaped or trapezoidal.
  • the teeth 40 can, as a whole or in particular, areas affected by wear (for example the flanks 42, 44, bumps 48, 50 (or their outer upper sides or tips), radii, shoulders, depressions 52, in each case completely or partially
  • the teeth 40 or the areas mentioned can alternatively be provided with the wear protection coating, ie some teeth 40 remain uncoated, as shown in the figures, the depressions 52 can be designed as a (milled) groove, or they are designed as cylindrical or conical bores or milled grooves, ie between the recesses 52 the original material of the teeth 40 remains in the axial direction.
  • teeth 40 of different shapes follow one another on a single roller shell 38 in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction.
  • teeth 40 could be one of the Figures 3 to 9 with teeth 40 eg another one Figures 3 to 9 or alternate with a conventional tooth shape in the circumferential direction without step and recess, or even alternate three or more tooth shapes.
  • first conditioning roller 28 design the first conditioning roller 28 according to one of the figures discussed above and to equip the second conditioning roller 28 'with a conventional toothing which extends axially or helically, or the second conditioning roller 28' with a toothing after another of the preceding ones to provide discussed figures.

Abstract

Ein Walzenmantel (38) für eine Konditionierwalze (28, 28') umfasst eine Anzahl um seinen Umfang verteilter, sich in axialer Richtung erstreckender Zähne (40), die jeweils eine vorlaufende Flanke (44), eine nachlaufende Flanke (42) und dazwischen einen äußeren Bereich (46) mit einer Vertiefung (52) und/oder Stufe aufweisen.A roll shell (38) for a conditioning roll (28, 28 ') comprises a number of teeth (40) distributed around its circumference, extending in the axial direction, each having a leading flank (44), a trailing flank (42) and one in between have outer region (46) with a recess (52) and / or step.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Walzenmantel für eine Konditionierwalze mit einer Anzahl um seinen Umfang verteilter, sich in axialer Richtung erstreckender Zähne, die jeweils eine in Umfangsrichtung vorlaufende, nach außen ansteigende Flanke, eine in Umfangsrichtung nachlaufende, nach innen abfallende Flanke und dazwischen einen äußeren, sich entlang der Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Bereich umfassen, eine damit ausgestattete Konditionierwalze und einen damit ausgestatteten Feldhäcksler.The invention relates to a roller jacket for a conditioning roller with a number of teeth distributed around its circumference and extending in the axial direction, each of which has a circumferentially leading, outwardly rising flank, a circumferentially trailing, inwardly flanking flank and, in between, an outer flank comprising a region extending along the circumferential direction, a conditioning roller equipped therewith and a forage harvester equipped therewith.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Feldhäcksler dienen zur Ernte von ganzen Pflanzen oder ihren Teilen, die im Betrieb mittels eines Erntevorsatzes von einem Feld aufgenommen, durch Vorpresswalzen zusammengedrückt und einer Messertrommel zugeführt werden, deren Häckselmesser die Pflanzen im Zusammenwirken mit einem Gegenmesser zerschneiden. Anschließend werden die zerschnittenen Pflanzen oder-teile optional einer Konditioniereinrichtung zugeführt und durch eine Nachbeschleunigungseinrichtung in einen Auswurfkrümmer gefördert, der sie auf ein Transportfahrzeug überlädt. Die geernteten Pflanzen dienen in der Regel als Viehfutter oder zur Biogaserzeugung. Die Konditioniereinrichtung umfasst üblicherweise zwei oder mehr gegensinnig angetriebene Walzen, die durch eine Federkraft gegeneinander vorgespannt sind und zwischen denen das Häckselgut hindurchgeführt wird. Sie wird bei der Maisernte verwendet, um die im Häckselgut enthaltenen Körner anzuschlagen und die Verdaulichkeit des Futters zu verbessern.Forage harvesters are used to harvest whole plants or their parts, which are taken from a field during operation by a header, pressed together by pre-pressing rollers and fed to a knife drum, the chopping knives of which cut the plants in cooperation with a counter knife. The cut plants or parts are then optionally fed to a conditioning device and conveyed by a post-acceleration device into an ejection manifold which loads them onto a transport vehicle. The harvested plants are usually used as animal feed or for biogas production. The conditioning device usually comprises two or more rollers driven in opposite directions, which are biased against each other by a spring force and between which the chopped material is passed. It is used in the maize harvest to break down the grains contained in the chopped material and to improve the digestibility of the feed.

Eine übliche Ausführungsform einer Konditioniereinrichtung findet sich in der EP 2 098 110 A2 , die zwei zusammenwirkende Konditionierwalzen mit um ihren Umfang verteilten, sich in axialer Richtung über die Breite der Konditionierwalzen erstreckenden Zähnen zeigt. Derartige Zähne sind im Stand der Technik sägezahnförmig oder als symmetrisches Dreieck ausgeführt (Prospekt "Krone Big X 750 C Precision-chop forage harvester", Druckvermerk 06.14). Gemäß der als gattungsbildend angesehenen WO 2015/075157 A1 können die Zähne in sich flache, äußere Abschnitte umfassen, die sich in Umfangsrichtung erstrecken und eine vorbestimmte Breite aufweisen. Dadurch sollen die Standzeit der Zähne verlängert werden, denn auch nach gewisser Betriebsdauer und dem darauf resultierenden Verschleiß der Zähne verbleiben noch Teile der Zähne, die sich hinreichend weit vom Mantel der Konditionierwalze nach außen erstrecken, um das Erntegut zu bearbeiten.A common embodiment of a conditioning device can be found in EP 2 098 110 A2 which shows two cooperating conditioning rollers with teeth distributed around their circumference and extending in the axial direction over the width of the conditioning rollers. In the prior art, such teeth are sawtooth-shaped or as a symmetrical triangle (brochure "Krone Big X 750 C Precision-chop forage harvester", printed note 06.14). According to those considered to be generic WO 2015/075157 A1 For example, the teeth may include flat outer portions that extend circumferentially and have a predetermined width. This is intended to extend the service life of the teeth, because even after a certain period of operation and the resulting wear on the teeth, parts of the teeth remain that extend far enough from the jacket of the conditioning roller to process the crop.

Aufgabetask

Bei den gezahnten Konditionierwalzen ist in Umfangsrichtung lediglich eine einzige Spitze je Zahn vorgesehen, die mit dem Erntegut und insbesondere den darin enthaltenen Körnern zusammenwirkt. Die Wirkung der Zähne auf das Erntegut ist somit auf eine einzige Schnittaktion je Zahn begrenzt. Es wäre wünschenswert, die Wirkung der Konditionierwalze zu verbessern.In the toothed conditioning rollers, only a single tip per tooth is provided in the circumferential direction, which interacts with the crop and in particular the grains contained therein. The effect of the teeth on the crop is therefore limited to a single cutting action per tooth. It would be desirable to improve the effect of the conditioning roller.

Lösungsolution

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Lehre der Patentansprüche 1, 9 und 10 gelöst, wobei in den weiteren Patentansprüchen Merkmale aufgeführt sind, die die Lösung in vorteilhafter Weise weiterentwickeln.According to the invention, this problem is solved by the teaching of claims 1, 9 and 10, features which are listed in the further claims which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.

Ein Walzenmantel für eine Konditionierwalze weist (im ungebrauchten Neuzustand) eine Anzahl um seinen Umfang verteilter, sich in axialer Richtung oder wendelförmig erstreckender Zähne auf, die jeweils eine in Umfangsrichtung vorlaufende, in radialer Richtung nach außen ansteigende Flanke, eine in Umfangsrichtung nachlaufende, in radialer Richtung nach innen abfallende Flanke und dazwischen einen äußeren, sich entlang der Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Bereich umfassen, welcher wenigstens eine (konkave) Vertiefung und/oder wenigstens eine Stufe beinhaltet.A roller jacket for a conditioning roller has (in new, unused condition) a number of teeth distributed around its circumference, extending in the axial direction or helically extending, each having a leading flank leading in the circumferential direction, rising in the radial direction, and a trailing edge in the radial direction Inward direction falling flank and between them include an outer, extending along the circumferential direction, which includes at least one (concave) recess and / or at least one step.

Es wird demnach vorgeschlagen, den radial äußeren Bereich der Zähne, der sich in Umfangsrichtung zwischen den beiden Flanken befindet und in radialer Richtung am weitesten vom eigentlichen Walzenmantel beabstandet ist, bei der Herstellung des Walzenmantels mit einer eigenen Verzahnung auszustatten, die als (eine oder mehrere) Stufe und/oder konkave Vertiefung ausgeführt werden kann. Auf diese Weise erhält man eine Art Doppelschneide oder Doppelklinge (in Form der beiden am Ende der Vertiefung verbleibenden Höcker) oder zusätzliche Kante (in Form der Stufe), die ein weiteres Mal quetschend und/oder schneidend mit dem Erntegut zusammenwirkt und insbesondere die darin enthaltenen Körner in größerem Maße anschlägt oder zerkleinert als bisherige Zahnformen. Die Standzeit wird durch den äußeren Bereich gegenüber bisherigen Zahnformen mit dreieckigem oder sägezahnförmigem Querschnitt verlängert und man erhält ein dauerhaft kontinuierliches Spaltmaß zwischen benachbarten Konditionierwalzen. Zudem erhält man durch den äußeren Bereich eine erhöhte Eingriffslänge, über welche die Zähne mit dem Erntegut zusammenwirken und größere Reibungseffekte. Schließlich kann man durch die zusammenwirkenden Walzenmäntel Nachschärfungseffekte der Zähne erzielen.It is therefore proposed to equip the radially outer region of the teeth, which is located in the circumferential direction between the two flanks and is the most distant from the actual roll shell in the radial direction, in the manufacture of the roll shell with its own toothing, which as (one or more ) Step and / or concave recess can be performed. In this way, one obtains a kind of double edge or double blade (in the form of the two humps remaining at the end of the depression) or additional edge (in the form of the step), which interacts with the crop again in a squeezing and / or cutting manner, in particular the one contained therein Grain strikes or crushed to a greater extent than previous tooth shapes. The service life is extended by the outer area compared to previous tooth shapes with a triangular or sawtooth-shaped cross-section and you get a permanently continuous gap between adjacent conditioning rollers. In addition, the outer area provides an increased engagement length over which the teeth interact with the crop and greater friction effects. Ultimately, the re-sharpening effects of the teeth can be achieved through the interacting roller shells.

Die Vertiefung kann einen rechteckigen oder trapezförmigen oder bogenförmigen oder dreieckigen oder sägezahnartigen Querschnitt oder eine beliebige Kombination dieser Querschnitte aufweisen.The depression can have a rectangular or trapezoidal or arcuate or triangular or sawtooth-like cross section or any combination of these cross sections.

Der äußere Bereich kann zwei in Umfangsrichtung betrachtet äußere Höcker umfassen, zwischen denen die Vertiefung angeordnet ist und die Außenflächen der äußeren Höcker können in Umfangsrichtung in sich flach oder spitz sein.The outer region can comprise two outer bumps, viewed in the circumferential direction, between which the depression is arranged, and the outer surfaces of the outer bumps can be flat or pointed in the peripheral direction.

Die Höcker können zueinander symmetrisch oder unsymmetrisch sein. Insbesondere kann der vorlaufende Höcker höher oder niedriger und/oder breiter oder schmaler und/oder spitzer oder stumpfer als der nachlaufende Höcker sein.The bumps can be symmetrical or asymmetrical to each other. In particular, the leading bump can be higher or lower and / or wider or narrower and / or more pointed or blunt than the trailing bump.

Die vorlaufende und nachlaufende Flanke können einen Stumpf eines Dreiecks oder Sägezahns oder Rechtecks bilden.The leading and trailing flanks can form a stump of a triangle or sawtooth or rectangle.

Zumindest einer der Zähne des Walzenmantels kann mit einer Verschleißmarkierung versehen sein, die insbesondere als Kerbe ausgeführt sein kann.At least one of the teeth of the roller shell can be provided with a wear marking, which can be designed in particular as a notch.

AusführungsbeispielEmbodiment

In den Zeichnungen ist sind mehrere, nachfolgend näher beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Feldhäcksler in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht zweier Konditionierwalzen, und
Fig. 3 bis 9
Querschnitte durch unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen der Zähne von Konditionierwalzen.
The drawings show several exemplary embodiments of the invention described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a forage harvester in a schematic side view,
Fig. 2
a perspective view of two conditioning rollers, and
3 to 9
Cross sections through different embodiments of the teeth of conditioning rollers.

Ein in der Figur 1 gezeigter selbstfahrender Feldhäcksler10 baut sich auf einem Rahmen 12 auf, der von angetriebenen vorderen Rädern 14 und lenkbaren rückwärtigen Rädern 16 getragen wird. Die Bedienung des Feldhäckslers 10 erfolgt von einer Fahrerkabine 18 aus, von der aus ein zur Ernte stängelartiger Pflanzen geeigneter Erntevorsatz 20 einsehbar ist. Mittels des Erntevorsatzes 20, der in der dargestellten Ausführungsform ein reihenunabhängig arbeitendes Maisgebiss ist, vom Boden aufgenommenes Gut, z. B. Mais, Getreide oder dergleichen, wird durch obere Vorpresswalzen 30 und untere Vorpresswalzen 32 einer Häckseltrommel 22 zugeführt, die es in kleine Stücke häckselt und es einer Fördervorrichtung 24 aufgibt. Das Gut verlässt den Feldhäcksler 10 zu einem nebenher fahrenden Anhänger über eine in ihrer Position verstellbare Austrageinrichtung 26. Zwischen der Häckseltrommel 22 und der Fördervorrichtung 24 erstreckt sich eine Konditioniereinrichtung mit zwei Konditionierwalzen 28, 28', durch die das zu fördernde Gut der Fördervorrichtung 24 tangential zugeführt wird. Im Folgenden beziehen sich Richtungsangaben - wenn nicht anders erwähnt -, wie vorn, hinten, links und rechts auf die Vorwärtsrichtung V des Feldhäckslers 10, die in der Figur 1 von rechts nach links verläuft.An Indian Figure 1 The self-propelled forage harvester 10 shown is built on a frame 12 which is supported by driven front wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18, from which a harvesting attachment 20 suitable for harvesting stalk-like plants can be seen. By means of the header 20, which in the embodiment shown is a row-independent corn header, material picked up from the ground, e.g. B. corn, grain or the like, is fed through upper pre-compression rollers 30 and lower pre-compression rollers 32 to a chopper drum 22, which chops it into small pieces and gives it to a conveyor 24. The good leaves the Forage harvester 10 to a trailer traveling alongside via a discharge device 26 which is adjustable in its position. Between the chopping drum 22 and the conveyor device 24 extends a conditioning device with two conditioning rollers 28, 28 ', through which the material to be conveyed is fed tangentially to the conveyor device 24. In the following, unless otherwise stated, directional information, such as front, rear, left and right, relates to the forward direction V of the forage harvester 10, which is shown in FIG Figure 1 runs from right to left.

Zwischen der Erntegutaufnahmevorrichtung 20 und der Häckseltrommel 22 wird das Gut durch einen Einzugsförderer mit unteren Förderwalzen 32 und oberen Förderwalzen 30 transportiert, die innerhalb eines Einzugsgehäuses 36 angebracht sind. Die Förderwalzen 30, 32 werden auch als Vorpresswalzen bezeichnet, da die oberen Förderwalzen 30 durch Federkraft gegen die unteren Förderwalzen 32 vorgespannt sind, damit das Erntegut zwischen den Förderwalzen 30, 32 vorverdichtet wird und besser geschnitten werden kann. Die um den Umfang der Häckseltrommel 22 verteilten Häckselmesser wirken mit einer Gegenschneide zusammen, um das Gut zu häckseln.The crop is transported between the crop pick-up device 20 and the chopper drum 22 by a feed conveyor with lower feed rollers 32 and upper feed rollers 30, which are mounted inside a feed housing 36. The conveyor rollers 30, 32 are also referred to as pre-compression rollers, since the upper conveyor rollers 30 are prestressed by spring force against the lower conveyor rollers 32, so that the crop between the conveyor rollers 30, 32 is pre-compacted and can be cut better. The chopper knives distributed around the circumference of the chopper drum 22 interact with a shear bar to chop the crop.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Konditionierwalzen 28, 28', die jeweils einen Walzenmantel 38 umfassen, der durch an sich bekannte Stützscheiben, Achsstummel und Lagerungen drehbar am Rahmen 12 abgestützt ist und im Erntebetrieb durch einen geeigneten Antrieb (nicht gezeigt) um seine Mittelachse in Drehung versetzbar ist, wobei die beiden Konditionierwalzen 28, 28' mit relativ zueinander unterschiedlichen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten angetrieben werden können und durch Federkraft (und/oder Hydraulikzylinder) gegeneinander vorgespannt sind.The Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the conditioning rollers 28, 28 ', each comprising a roller jacket 38 which is rotatably supported on the frame 12 by support disks, stub axles and bearings known per se and in rotation during harvesting operation by means of a suitable drive (not shown) about its central axis is displaceable, the two conditioning rollers 28, 28 'can be driven at different circumferential speeds relative to each other and are biased against each other by spring force (and / or hydraulic cylinders).

Die Walzenmäntel 38 umfassen jeweils eine Anzahl um ihren Umfang verteilte, jeweils gleichartige Zähne 40, die in den Figuren 2 bis 9 im Neuzustand gezeigt sind. Die Zähne 40 erstrecken sich in den dargestellten Ausführungsformen jeweils über die gesamte axiale Länge der Walzenmäntel 38 in axialer Richtung, obwohl es auch denkbar wäre, sie nur jeweils über einen Teil der axialen Länge der Walzenmäntel 38 verlaufen zu lassen, d.h. zwischen in axialer Richtung benachbarten Zähnen senkrechte oder schräge Nuten vorzusehen, wie in der DE 10 2011 084 443 B3 gezeigt. Die Zähne zusammenwirkender Walzen können in axialer Richtung versetzt sein, sodass die Zähne einer der Walzen in die Nuten der anderen Walze eindringen. Anders als in der Figur 2 gezeigt, können die Zähne 40, anstatt genau axial zu verlaufen, spiral- oder wendelförmig um den Walzenmantel 38 gelegt sein (s. EP 3 417 693 A1 ).The roller jackets 38 each comprise a number of teeth 40 of the same type distributed around their circumference, which are in the Figures 2 to 9 are shown in new condition. In the illustrated embodiments, the teeth 40 each extend over the entire axial length of the roller shells 38 in the axial direction, although it would also be conceivable for them to run only over part of the axial length of the roller shells 38, that is, between adjacent ones in the axial direction To provide teeth vertical or oblique grooves, as in the DE 10 2011 084 443 B3 shown. The teeth of co-operating rollers can be offset in the axial direction, so that the teeth of one of the rollers penetrate into the grooves of the other roller. Different from that Figure 2 shown, the teeth 40 can be placed in a spiral or helical shape around the roller jacket 38, instead of being exactly axial (see FIG. EP 3 417 693 A1 ).

Der Abstand in Umfangsrichtung aufeinander folgender Zähne 40 entspricht größenordnungsmäßig dem Durchmesser der anzuschlagenden Körner.The distance in the circumferential direction of successive teeth 40 corresponds in the order of magnitude to the diameter of the grains to be struck.

Die Zähne 40 umfassen, wie in den Figuren 3 bis 9 gezeigt, jeweils vorlaufende Flanken 44, nachlaufende Flanken 42 und einen dazwischen liegenden, radial äußeren Bereich 46. In den Figuren 3 bis 8 sind die nachlaufenden Flanken 42 weniger steil als die vorlaufenden Flanken 44, d.h. die Flanken 42, 44 bilden einen Stumpf eines Sägezahnes, dem aufgrund des sich im Wesentlichen im Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden, äußeren Bereichs 46 die Spitze fehlt. Anstelle der gezeigten Sägezahnstumpfform könnten die Flanken 42, 44 auch einen Stumpf eines gleichseitigen Dreiecks oder eines Rechtecks bilden oder sich genau radial erstrecken. Die Drehrichtung der Walzenmäntel 38 der Figuren 3 bis 9 ist nach links gerichtet, obwohl sie auch nach rechts gerichtet sein könnte, d.h. man könnte die vor- und nachlaufenden Flanken 44, 42 vertauschen.The teeth 40 include, as in FIGS Figures 3 to 9 shown, leading flanks 44, trailing flanks 42 and an intermediate, radially outer region 46. In the Figures 3 to 8 the trailing flanks 42 are less steep than the leading flanks 44, ie the flanks 42, 44 form a stump of a sawtooth, which lacks the tip due to the outer region 46 which extends essentially in the circumferential direction. Instead of the saw tooth stump shape shown, the flanks 42, 44 could also form a stump of an equilateral triangle or a rectangle or extend exactly radially. The direction of rotation of the roller shells 38 Figures 3 to 9 is directed to the left, although it could also be directed to the right, ie the leading and trailing edges 44, 42 could be interchanged.

Der äußere Bereich 46 ist bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3 nicht in sich flach, sondern umfasst eine Vertiefung 52, die zwischen zwei Höckern 48, 50 angeordnet ist. Die Vertiefung 52 hat einen trapezförmigen (badewannenartigen) Querschnitt, d.h. die in Umfangsrichtung gemessene Abmessung der Vertiefung 52 ist an ihrem Grund kleiner als an ihrem radial äußeren Ende. Der Querschnitt der Vertiefung 52 könnte jedoch auch rechteckig sein. Die Höcker 48, 50 haben auch einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt, wobei die in Umfangsrichtung gemessene Abmessung der Höcker an ihrem radial äußeren Ende kleiner als an ihrem radial inneren Ende (an dem der volle Zahn 40 anfängt) ist. Die äußeren, sich in Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Flanken der Höcker 48, 52 sind in sich flach oder entsprechend dem Radius des Hüllkreises der Zähne 40 kreisförmig.The outer region 46 is in the embodiment of FIG Figure 3 not flat in itself, but comprises a depression 52 which is arranged between two bumps 48, 50. The depression 52 has a trapezoidal (bathtub-like) cross section, ie the dimension of the depression 52 measured in the circumferential direction is smaller at its base than at its radially outer end. However, the cross section of the depression 52 could also be rectangular. The bumps 48, 50 also have a trapezoidal cross-section, the circumferential dimension of the bumps being smaller at their radially outer end than at their radially inner end (where the full tooth 40 begins). The outer, circumferentially extending flanks of the bumps 48, 52 are flat in themselves or circular in accordance with the radius of the enveloping circle of the teeth 40.

Die Höcker 48, 50 und die Vertiefung 52 bilden demnach (neben einer ersten, an der vorlaufenden Flanke 44 des Zahns 40 und des vorlaufenden Höckers 50 gebildeten, ersten Kante) an der vorlaufenden Flanke des nachlaufenden Höckers 48 eine zweite Kante, die zum Anschlagen der Körner im von der Konditionierwalze 28, 28' bearbeiteten Erntegut beiträgt.The bumps 48, 50 and the depression 52 accordingly (in addition to a first edge formed on the leading flank 44 of the tooth 40 and the leading bump 50) form a second edge on the leading flank of the trailing bump 48, which is used to stop the Grains in the crop processed by the conditioning roller 28, 28 'contributes.

Die Ausführungsform der Figur 4 entspricht im Wesentlichen jener nach Figur 3, jedoch sind die Vertiefungen 52 U- oder bogenförmig im Querschnitt. Zudem sind sie in Umfangsrichtung kürzer als die Vertiefungen 52 der Ausführungsform nach Figur 3.The embodiment of the Figure 4 essentially corresponds to that Figure 3 , however, the depressions 52 are U-shaped or arcuate in cross section. In addition, they are shorter in the circumferential direction than the depressions 52 according to the embodiment Figure 3 .

Die Ausführungsform der Figur 5 entspricht im Wesentlichen jener nach Figur 4, jedoch sind die Vertiefungen 52 tiefer als die Vertiefungen 52 der Ausführungsform nach Figur 4.The embodiment of the Figure 5 essentially corresponds to that Figure 4 however, the indentations 52 are deeper than the indentations 52 of the embodiment Figure 4 .

Die Ausführungsform der Figur 6 entspricht im Wesentlichen jener nach Figur 4, jedoch sind die Vertiefungen 52 flacher als die Vertiefungen 52 der Ausführungsform nach Figur 4.The embodiment of the Figure 6 essentially corresponds to that Figure 4 however, the indentations 52 are shallower than the indentations 52 of the embodiment Figure 4 .

Die Ausführungsform der Figur 7 entspricht im Wesentlichen jener nach Figur 3, jedoch ist der Höcker 50 kleiner als der Höcker 48 und die Vertiefung 52 hat eine vorlaufende, sich vom vorlaufenden Höcker 50 relativ flach nach innen erstreckende Flanke und eine nachlaufende, relativ steil nach außen zum Höcker 48 ansteigende Flanke.The embodiment of the Figure 7 essentially corresponds to that Figure 3 , however, the bump 50 is smaller than the bump 48 and the recess 52 has a leading flank that extends relatively flat inward from the leading bump 50 and a trailing flank that rises relatively steeply outward to the bump 48.

Die Ausführungsform der Figur 8 entspricht im Wesentlichen jener nach Figur 7, jedoch ist der nachlaufende Höcker 48 niedriger und schmaler.The embodiment of the Figure 8 essentially corresponds to that Figure 7 , but the trailing hump 48 is lower and narrower.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 9 sind der vorlaufende Höcker 50 und die Vertiefung 52 entfallen. Der nachlaufende Höcker 48 bildet mit seiner vorlaufenden Flanke 56 eine Stufe, die ebenfalls zum Anschlagen der Körner dient.In the embodiment according to Figure 9 the leading bump 50 and the depression 52 are omitted. The trailing hump 48 forms a step with its leading flank 56, which also serves to strike the grains.

Einer oder mehrere der Zähne 40 der Walzenmantel 38 kann, wie in der Figur 3 beispielhaft gezeigt, mit einer sich axial über einen Teil oder die gesamte Länge des Zahns 40 erstreckenden Verschleißmarkierung 54 in Form einer Kerbe oder Nut ausgestattet sein. Der Benutzer kann anhand einer fehlenden Verschleißmarkierung erkennen, dass ein ggf. verschlissener Walzenmantel 38 bzw. die ganze Konditionierwalze 28, 28' auszutauschen ist. Die Verschleißmarkierung 54 kann auch unabhängig von der Zahnform verwendet werden, d.h. auch bei Zähnen 40 beliebigen, z.B. dreieckigen oder sägezahnförmigen oder trapezförmigen Querschnitts verwendet werden.One or more of the teeth 40 of the roller shell 38 can, as in the Figure 3 shown by way of example, can be equipped with a wear mark 54 in the form of a notch or groove that extends axially over part or the entire length of the tooth 40. The user can recognize from a missing wear marking that a possibly worn roller jacket 38 or the entire conditioning roller 28, 28 'must be replaced. The wear marking 54 can also be used independently of the tooth shape, ie can also be used with teeth 40 of any cross-section, for example triangular or sawtooth-shaped or trapezoidal.

Um den Verschleiß der Zähne 40 zu vermindern, können sie insgesamt oder besonders vom Verschleiß betroffene Bereiche (z.B. die Flanken 42, 44, Höcker 48, 50 (oder ihre äußeren Oberseiten oder Spitzen), Radien, Absätze, Vertiefungen 52, jeweils komplett oder teilweise mit einer Verschleißschutzbeschichtung ausgestattet sein. Es können die Zähne 40 oder die erwähnten Bereiche auch alternierend mit der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung ausgestattet sein, d.h. einige Zähne 40 unbeschichtet bleiben. Die Vertiefungen 52 können, wie in den Figuren gezeigt, als (gefräste) Nut ausgebildet sein, oder sie werden als zylindrische oder konische Bohrungen oder gefräste Nuten ausgeführt, d.h. zwischen den Vertiefungen 52 bleibt in axialer Richtung das ursprüngliche Material der Zähne 40 stehen.In order to reduce the wear of the teeth 40, they can, as a whole or in particular, areas affected by wear (for example the flanks 42, 44, bumps 48, 50 (or their outer upper sides or tips), radii, shoulders, depressions 52, in each case completely or partially The teeth 40 or the areas mentioned can alternatively be provided with the wear protection coating, ie some teeth 40 remain uncoated, as shown in the figures, the depressions 52 can be designed as a (milled) groove, or they are designed as cylindrical or conical bores or milled grooves, ie between the recesses 52 the original material of the teeth 40 remains in the axial direction.

Es sind auch beliebige Mischformen möglich, bei denen an einem einzigen Walzenmantel 38 in axialer Richtung und/oder Umfangsrichtung unterschiedlich geformte Zähne 40 aufeinander folgen. So könnten Zähne 40 einer der Figuren 3 bis 9 mit Zähnen 40 z.B. einer anderen der Figuren 3 bis 9 oder mit einer üblichen Zahnform ohne Stufe und Vertiefung in Umfangsrichtung alternieren, oder sogar drei oder mehr Zahnformen sich abwechseln. Es ist auch denkbar, die Zahnform in der beschriebenen Weise in axialer Richtung zu variieren, d.h. einen Teil der Länge der Zähne 40 mit einer ersten Form gemäß einer der Figuren 3 bis 9 zu versehen und über einen anderen Teil mit einer anderen Form (z.B. einer der Figuren 3 bis 9 oder mit einer üblichen Zahnform ohne Stufe und Vertiefung) zu versehen.Arbitrary mixed forms are also possible in which teeth 40 of different shapes follow one another on a single roller shell 38 in the axial direction and / or circumferential direction. So teeth 40 could be one of the Figures 3 to 9 with teeth 40 eg another one Figures 3 to 9 or alternate with a conventional tooth shape in the circumferential direction without step and recess, or even alternate three or more tooth shapes. It is also conceivable to vary the tooth shape in the manner described in the axial direction, ie part of the length of teeth 40 having a first shape according to one of the Figures 3 to 9 to be provided and a different shape (e.g. one of the Figures 3 to 9 or with a common tooth shape without step and recess).

Schließlich wäre es denkbar, die erste Konditionierwalze 28 nach einer der vorhergehend diskutierten Figuren auszuführen und die zweite Konditionierwalze 28' mit einer üblichen Verzahnung, die sich axial oder wendelförmig erstreckt, auszustatten, oder die zweite Konditionierwalze 28' mit einer Verzahnung nach einer anderen der vorhergehend diskutierten Figuren zu versehen.Finally, it would be conceivable to design the first conditioning roller 28 according to one of the figures discussed above and to equip the second conditioning roller 28 'with a conventional toothing which extends axially or helically, or the second conditioning roller 28' with a toothing after another of the preceding ones to provide discussed figures.

Claims (10)

Walzenmantel (38) für eine Konditionierwalze (28, 28'), mit einer Anzahl um seinen Umfang verteilter, sich in axialer Richtung des Walzenmantels (38) oder wendelförmig um den Walzenmantel (38) erstreckender Zähne (40), die jeweils eine in Umfangsrichtung vorlaufende, nach außen ansteigende Flanke (44), eine in Umfangsrichtung nachlaufende, nach innen abfallende Flanke (42) und dazwischen einen äußeren, sich entlang der Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Bereich (46) umfassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der äußere Bereich (46) wenigstens eine Vertiefung (52) und/oder Stufe beinhaltet.Roller jacket (38) for a conditioning roller (28, 28 '), with a number of teeth (40) distributed around its circumference, extending in the axial direction of the roller jacket (38) or helically around the roller jacket (38), each one in the circumferential direction leading, outwardly rising flank (44), a circumferentially trailing, inwardly falling flank (42) and between them an outer region (46) extending along the circumferential direction, characterized in that the outer region (46) comprises at least one Deepening (52) and / or level includes. Walzenmantel (38) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Vertiefung (52) einen rechteckigen oder trapezförmigen oder bogenförmigen oder dreieckigen oder sägezahnartigen Querschnitt oder eine Kombination daraus aufweist.A roll shell (38) according to claim 1, wherein the recess (52) has a rectangular or trapezoidal or arcuate or triangular or sawtooth-like cross section or a combination thereof. Walzenmantel (38) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der äußere Bereich (46) zwei äußere Höcker (48, 50) umfasst, zwischen denen die Vertiefung (52) angeordnet ist und die Außenflächen der äußeren Höcker (48, 50) in Umfangsrichtung in sich flach oder spitz sind.The roll shell (38) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer region (46) comprises two outer bumps (48, 50), between which the recess (52) is arranged and the outer surfaces of the outer bumps (48, 50) in the circumferential direction in are flat or pointed. Walzenmantel (38) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Höcker (48, 50) zueinander symmetrisch oder unsymmetrisch sind.The roll shell (38) according to claim 3, wherein the bumps (48, 50) are symmetrical or asymmetrical to one another. Walzenmantel (38) nach Anspruch 4, wobei der vorlaufende Höcker (50) höher oder niedriger und/oder breiter oder schmaler und/oder spitzer oder stumpfer als der nachlaufende Höcker (48) ist.The roll shell (38) according to claim 4, wherein the leading bump (50) is higher or lower and / or wider or narrower and / or more pointed or blunt than the trailing bump (48). Walzenmantel (38) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die vorlaufende und nachlaufende Flanke (44, 42) einen Stumpf eines Dreiecks oder Sägezahns oder Rechtecks bilden.Roll jacket (38) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the leading and trailing flank (44, 42) form a stump of a triangle or sawtooth or rectangle. Walzenmantel (38) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei wenigstens einer der Zähne (40) mit einer Verschleißmarkierung (54) versehen ist.Roller casing (38) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the teeth (40) is provided with a wear marking (54). Walzenmantel nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Verschleißmarkierung (54) eine Kerbe ist.The roll shell of claim 6, wherein the wear mark (54) is a notch. Konditionierwalze (28, 28') mit einem Walzenmantel (38) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.Conditioning roller (28, 28 ') with a roller shell (38) according to one of the preceding claims. Feldhäcksler (10) mit einer Konditioniereinrichtung nach Anspruch 9.Forage harvester (10) with a conditioning device according to claim 9.
EP20153562.2A 2019-01-29 2020-01-24 Forage harvester with conditioning rollers Active EP3689130B1 (en)

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DE102019201116.0A DE102019201116A1 (en) 2019-01-29 2019-01-29 Roller jacket for a conditioning roller

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4150524A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-04-24 Deere & Company Crop conditioner roll
DE19505210A1 (en) * 1995-02-16 1996-08-22 Alfred Siemer Changing systems for treating worn or defective nip or processor rollers
CZ6611U1 (en) * 1997-08-22 1997-09-30 Agrostroj Pelhřimov, A.S. Crushing rollers of a device for treating mowed fodder
US6346067B1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2002-02-12 Deere & Company Removable flutes for crop conditioner crimp rolls
EP2098110A2 (en) 2008-03-04 2009-09-09 Deere & Company Grain processor structure
DE102011084443B3 (en) 2011-10-13 2012-11-29 Deere & Company Roller drum of conditioning roller for conditioning device used in chaff-cutter for cutting corn, has axial direction extending main grooves whose depth is greater than auxiliary grooves extending along circumferential direction
WO2015075157A1 (en) 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv Crop processor, manufacturing process for a crop processor and crop processor roll
EP3417693A1 (en) 2017-06-19 2018-12-26 Deere & Company Tubular for processing crops

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4150524A (en) * 1977-05-12 1979-04-24 Deere & Company Crop conditioner roll
DE19505210A1 (en) * 1995-02-16 1996-08-22 Alfred Siemer Changing systems for treating worn or defective nip or processor rollers
CZ6611U1 (en) * 1997-08-22 1997-09-30 Agrostroj Pelhřimov, A.S. Crushing rollers of a device for treating mowed fodder
US6346067B1 (en) * 1997-10-24 2002-02-12 Deere & Company Removable flutes for crop conditioner crimp rolls
EP2098110A2 (en) 2008-03-04 2009-09-09 Deere & Company Grain processor structure
DE102011084443B3 (en) 2011-10-13 2012-11-29 Deere & Company Roller drum of conditioning roller for conditioning device used in chaff-cutter for cutting corn, has axial direction extending main grooves whose depth is greater than auxiliary grooves extending along circumferential direction
WO2015075157A1 (en) 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv Crop processor, manufacturing process for a crop processor and crop processor roll
EP3417693A1 (en) 2017-06-19 2018-12-26 Deere & Company Tubular for processing crops

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EP3689130B1 (en) 2022-11-16
DE102019201116A1 (en) 2020-07-30

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