EP3681647B1 - Depackaging apparatus with improved cleaning - Google Patents

Depackaging apparatus with improved cleaning Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3681647B1
EP3681647B1 EP18765648.3A EP18765648A EP3681647B1 EP 3681647 B1 EP3681647 B1 EP 3681647B1 EP 18765648 A EP18765648 A EP 18765648A EP 3681647 B1 EP3681647 B1 EP 3681647B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
processor apparatus
cylindrical drum
wheel
axis
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18765648.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3681647A1 (en
Inventor
Rémi GOMEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Green Creative SAS
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Green Creative SAS
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Publication date
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Priority to PL18765648T priority Critical patent/PL3681647T3/en
Publication of EP3681647A1 publication Critical patent/EP3681647A1/en
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Publication of EP3681647B1 publication Critical patent/EP3681647B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18—Drum screens
    • B07B1/22—Revolving drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/007—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls specially adapted for disintegrating refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/02—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with perforated container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/14—Details or accessories
    • B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the sorting of waste with a view in particular to their recycling or their elimination.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device for cleaning packaging in the context of the reprocessing of waste originating in particular from mass distribution.
  • a treatment apparatus for collecting material adhering to the external surface of packaging to be treated. Such a device is shown in the figure 1 annexed.
  • This apparatus 1 comprises a cylindrical drum 4 rotating around a longitudinal axis Ox provided with orifices 6 forming a screen for retaining the packages and allowing the material to be collected to pass, motorized means 12 for rotating the cylindrical drum 4 and a housing external 3 to collect the material coming from the packages 13 introduced into the cylindrical drum 4 and having passed through the wall of this cylindrical drum 4.
  • a rotating brush 7, also driven in rotation by the motorized means 12, is mounted in the cylindrical drum 4 to brush the internal surface of this drum.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the times and / or the costs of unjamming a processing apparatus to collect material adhering to a packaging surface.
  • a treatment apparatus for collecting material adhering to a surface of packaging to be treated as waste, the treatment apparatus comprising a cylindrical drum rotating about a longitudinal axis and provided with orifices for forming a screen retaining the packages and allowing the material to be collected to pass; and motorized means for driving the rotating drum in rotation.
  • the treatment apparatus also comprises unjamming means for at least partially unblocking orifices during the rotation of the cylindrical drum.
  • the uncoupling means comprise a wheel mounted to rotate about a first axis and provided with at least one radial projecting element intended to engage in one of the orifices of the drum.
  • the device is particularly reliable when the first axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the volume of waste that can be loaded into the drum is increased when the wheel is mounted outside the cylindrical drum.
  • the construction of the wheel is particularly economical when the wheel comprises at least one disc mounted for rotation about the first axis or a plurality of spaced discs mounted for rotation about the first axis.
  • the orifices are each delimited by four faces, the construction of the drum and of the wheel being simplified when the four faces are parallel two by two.
  • a simple construction of the wheel for example by flame cutting from a sheet, can be achieved when the radial protruding element is a tooth. Unlocking the orifices is more effective when a height of the tooth is greater than a thickness of the cylindrical drum.
  • a construction of the drum by welding curved sheets can be implemented when the wheel comprises at least two successive radial protruding elements which respectively extend in radial directions forming a first angle, and the wheel also comprises at least two elements in successive radial projections extending respectively in radial directions forming a second angle, the second angle being an integer multiple greater than one of the first angle.
  • the treatment apparatus comprises a comb, the teeth of which extend between two successive discs of the wheel.
  • the discharge of waste is facilitated when a package ejector is arranged to slide inside the drum in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the apparatus comprises means of compression against an internal face of the cylindrical drum and which are mounted in the cylindrical drum in the immediate vicinity of the internal surface thereof, the compression means being motorized to be driven in rotation around of an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.
  • the compression means then create a guiding of the waste in a space decreasing as the waste approaches the wall of the drum. This ensures compression of the packaging and its contents against the wall of the drum and therefore the extraction of the contents out of its packaging.
  • the packages are introduced into the cylindrical drum via a loading hopper comprising a loading opening and a feed opening facing a feed port opening into the cylindrical drum.
  • Loading operations are facilitated when the loading hopper is arranged on a frame of the processing apparatus to slide between a first position in which the feed opening is remote from the feed port and a second position in which the feed opening is moved away from the feed port.
  • the feed opening faces the feed port.
  • the performance of the machine for different types of waste can be easily assessed when the apparatus includes means for weighing the hopper in its second position.
  • the treatment apparatus according to the invention, marked 1, comprises a frame 2 in the form of a structure formed by mechanically welded steel sections, carrying an articulated steel casing 3 (the casing 3 is here partially shown at for clarity).
  • the casing 3 contains a cylindrical drum 4 or trommel 4 in the form of a sheet metal cylinder perforated by a series of orifices 6 over the vast majority of its surface to constitute a rotary screen around an axis longitudinal Ox.
  • a rotating cylindrical brush 7 and a roller 20 are mounted inside the trommel 4.
  • the trommel 4 contains also an ejector 30 packaged in the form of a disc 31 connected to a rod 32 of a piston 33, the rod 32 being mounted to slide in the trommel 4 in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox.
  • the disc 32 comprises a cutout 34 to escape the brush 7 as well as a flap 35 which directs the packages projected by the brush 7 against the flap 35 towards the first end 4.1 of the trommel 4, then directing the packages towards the outlet of the trommel 4.
  • a hopper 40 substantially in the form of an inverted pyramid comprises a loading opening 41 and a feed opening 42 facing a feed port 8 opening into the trommel 4.
  • a motorized worm 43 extends into the hopper 40. to direct the packages 13 towards the supply opening 42 and feed the trommel 4 with waste.
  • the hopper 40 comprises four wheels 44.1 to 44.4 placed near the corners of the loading opening 41 of the hopper 40. These wheels 44.1 to 44.4 cooperate with a first and a second rail 45.1 and 45.2 integral with the frame 2 so that the hopper 40 can slide between a first position (shown in figure 7 ) and a second position (shown in figure 8 ). In the first position of the hopper 40, the feed opening 42 of the hopper 40 is remote from the feed port 8.
  • the feed opening 42 of the hopper 40 faces the port 8.
  • power supply and each of the wheels 44.1 to 44.4 rests respectively on a piezo-resistive gauge 46.1 to 46.4.
  • the trommel 4 is driven in rotation around the longitudinal axis Ox using a motor not shown in the figures and is guided at each of its ends by two rotating rollers 11.
  • the brush 7 is driven in rotation by a motor 12 which is carried by the frame 2, at one end of the device 1.
  • the speed of rotation of the brush 7 is preferably much greater than that of the trommel 4.
  • the roller 20 is driven in rotation around an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox by a motor 23 and improves the recovery of the materials contained in the packaging.
  • the roller 20, which has the general shape of a cylinder, is mounted inside the trommel 4 to roll on the inner surface of the trommel 4.
  • the roller 20, better visible on figures 5 and 6 comprises two successive sections over its length: a first section called “deconditioning” 21 having an external surface bristling with spikes arranged so as to extract the materials from the packaging, and possibly shred the latter, and a second section called “rolling" 22 having a smooth outer surface arranged so as to force the passage of the materials to be collected through the trommel 4.
  • the piezo-resistive gauges 45.1 to 45.4, the motorization of the trommel 4, the motor 12 of the brush 7, the motor 23 of the compression roller, the piston 33, the motorization of the worm 43 as well as other electrical equipment (door closing detector 5, etc.) are connected to a control unit 80 of the treatment apparatus 1 which is provided with a memory 81, a tactile display 82 and wireless communication means 83 (here a Wi-Fi interface).
  • the orifices 6 of the trommel 4 have a section substantially in the form of a parallelepiped and are delimited by four faces 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 parallel two by two.
  • the faces 6.1 and 6.3 are parallel to each other and extend in a plane substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis Ox.
  • the faces 6.2 and 6.4 extend in planes comprising the longitudinal axis Ox.
  • the trommel 4 is here made from three sheets 50, 51 and 52 in S700 steel with high elastic limit of thickness e.
  • the sheets 50, 51 and 52 are first of all bent before being assembled by welding to produce a cylinder 53 comprising three longitudinal welds 54, 55 and 56.
  • This cylinder 53 is then placed in a jet cutting machine. hyperbaric water to produce the orifices 6.
  • the implantation precision of the orifices 6 with respect to one another is of the order of 0.2 millimeters.
  • the orifices 6 have a quadrilateral-shaped section whose sides have dimensions of between five and eight millimeters for the short side and eight and twelve millimeters for the long side. Sections of five millimeters by eight millimeters and eight millimeters by twelve millimeters are very preferred.
  • the orifices 6 are implanted on the trommel 4 at a pitch p of between nine and eighteen millimeters.
  • the longitudinal welds 54, 55 and 56 do not have orifices 6.
  • the longitudinal series 6.10 and 6.20 of orifices 6 located on either side of the weld 54 are separated by a distance D equal to two times the step p.
  • the trommel 4 shown on the figure 10 has a diameter of about eight hundred millimeters and has fifty rows of one hundred and thirty-two orifices 6.
  • the one hundred and thirty-two orifices 6 are distributed in three sectors of forty-four orifices 6 each made on the sheets 50, 51 and 52. These three sectors are separated from each other by a first, a second and a third zone 57, 58 and 59 in which respectively extend the longitudinal welds 55, 55 and 56.
  • the treatment apparatus 1 comprises means for unpinning the orifices 6 during the rotation of the trommel. 4, here in the form of a wheel 60 mounted to rotate about a first axis 61 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox.
  • the wheel 60 comprises fifty disks 62 all identical and separated from each other by spacers.
  • Each disc 62 is integral in rotation with a splined shaft 63 and has radial grooves 64 cooperating with the splines 65 of the shaft 63.
  • Each disc 62 comprises a projecting foot cylinder 66 from which come teeth 67 of height h, here greater than the thickness e of the trommel 4.
  • the disc 62 comprises forty-four teeth 67.1 to 67.44 each extending in a radial direction 68.1 to 68.44.
  • the radial directions 68.1 to 68.44 of the forty-four first teeth 67 extend, one with respect to the next, according to a first angle ⁇ 1 equal to eight degrees and therefore cover an angular sector of three hundred and forty-four degrees.
  • the disc 62 also comprises a forty-fourth tooth 67.44 and a first successive tooth 67.1, the forty-fourth and first radial directions of which 68.44 and 68.1 form a second angle ⁇ 2 equal to sixteen degrees.
  • the wheel 60 thus has an angular meshing sector 69 and a second angular exhaust sector 70 covering the second angle ⁇ 2 .
  • the value of the angle ⁇ 2 is here equal to twice the value of the angle ⁇ 1 .
  • the wheel 60 is mounted outside the trommel 4 so that the teeth 67 of each of the discs 62 cooperate with the orifices 6 of the trommel 4 in the manner of two toothed wheels.
  • a comb 71 integral with the frame 2 is placed near the wheel 60 so that its teeth 72 extend between two successive disks 62 of the wheel 60.
  • the user brings the hopper 40 into its first position and loads the latter with packages 13 through the loading opening 41. Once the loaded hopper 40, the user pushes the latter back into its second position.
  • the piezo-resistive gauges 46.1 to 46.4 transmit to the control unit 80 an electrical signal representative of the load to which they are subjected.
  • the control unit 80 deduces therefrom a mass of packaging 13 loaded into the hopper 40, records it in the memory 81 and displays it on the display 82. Optionally, this quantity is transmitted by the means of communication without- thread 83 to a remote server.
  • the control unit 80 controls the rotation of the trommel 4, the brush 7 and the roller 20.
  • the control unit 80 then orders the start of the worm 43 until a quantity determined of packages 13 - which can be measured using the piezo-resistive gauges 46.1 to 46.4 - is introduced into the trommel 4.
  • the rotation of the trommel 4 causes the rotation of the wheel 60 and the introduction of the teeth 67.1 to 67.44 in the orifices 6 during the rotation of the trommel 4.
  • the ratio of the pitch diameters of the wheel 60 and of the trommel 4 being whole (this ratio is here of 3), the wheel 60 systematically presents the exhaust sector 70 facing the 'one of the welds 54, 55 or 56, ensuring an absence of collision between a tooth 67 and one of the welds 54, 55 or 56.
  • the studs of material evacuated from the orifices 6 by the teeth 67 fall into the trommel 4 where the brush 7 and the roller 20 disintegrates them and discharges them through the orifices 6.
  • the evacuation of the packages 13 from the trommel 4 can be done in several ways. Depending on the degree of soiling of the packages 13, the treatment apparatus 1 can operate with the door 5 fully or partially open, the evacuation of the packages 13 taking place as they are being processed. It is also possible to close the door 5 while the packaging 13 is being processed and, at the end of a predefined processing time, open the door 5 and actuate the cylinder 33 to cause an exit of the packaging ejector 31 which slides inside the trommel 4 and pushes the packaging 13 out of the trommel 4 by the first end 4.1. The control unit 80 can then be actuated to control the worm 43 in order to carry out a new loading of the trommel 4.
  • the dimensions of the orifices 6 of the drum 4 are chosen to retain the packaging 13, while allowing the materials which they contain and which adhere to these packaging 13.
  • the passage of the materials in question is further facilitated by the centrifugal effect of the rotation of the trommel 4, so that these materials are then found in the housing 3, the packaging 13 being for their part retained inside the trommel 4.
  • the invention also applies to other compression means such as for example a fixed cylindrical roller, a fixed plane scraper positioned to form a sharp eagle with the inner surface of the drum, or a stationary sheet having a substantially comma-shaped cross section.
  • a scraper or such a sheet may have a portion provided with claws (first deconditioning function) and a second guide portion (rolling).
  • the compression means create a guiding of the waste in a space decreasing as the waste approaches the internal surface of the drum.
  • the compression means of the invention can also include a compression cone, the axis of rotation of which may or may not be parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, a cylinder with an octagonal or any directing curve.
  • the compression means can also be arranged to perform other processing functions, in addition or not to the aforementioned functions.
  • the uncoupling means comprise a toothed wheel
  • the invention also applies to other means for uncoupling the drum during its rotation such as for example a high pressure injection of water, air or weights which strike the drum.
  • the housing is made of steel
  • the invention also applies to other construction material for the housing such as stainless steel, other types of metals, plastics or carbon fibers or of glass.
  • packaging ejector is actuated by a piston
  • the invention also applies to other types of actuation of the packaging ejector such as, for example, manual or pneumatic actuation.
  • the treatment apparatus comprises piezoelectric gauges
  • the invention applies to other types of weighing means such as, for example, fluid pressure sensors, a Wheatstone bridge or a displacement sensor. 'a prestressed element.
  • the apparatus comprises a brush and compression means
  • the invention also applies to an apparatus devoid of brush and / or compression means and in which the separation of the material to be collected from the surface of the waste is done by centrifugal effect and stirring.
  • the drum is made by welding three bent sheets of S700 steel
  • the invention also applies to other embodiments of the drum such as for example a drum made from one, two or more than three.
  • curved sheets these can be in different steel grades such as for example specially abrasion resistant steels of the Hardox® or Z120M12 type.
  • the invention also applies to orifices located on either side of the weld. the other of a weld spaced at a distance less than or greater than twice the implantation pitch, and preferably proportional to an integer multiple of the implantation pitch of the orifices.
  • the wheel comprises forty-four projecting teeth
  • the invention also applies to unpinning means comprising between one and forty-three teeth or even more than forty-four.
  • the wheel may include other types of projecting elements such as, for example, portions of cylinders or brushes.
  • the wheel comprises a plurality of spaced discs
  • the invention also applies to a one-piece construction of the wheel by molding or machining in the mass.
  • the invention also applies to a wheel mounted inside the drum.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

L'invention concerne le tri des déchets en vue notamment de leur recyclage ou de leur élimination. L'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à un dispositif de nettoyage d'emballages dans le cadre du retraitement de déchets issus notamment de la grande distribution.The invention relates to the sorting of waste with a view in particular to their recycling or their elimination. The invention relates more particularly to a device for cleaning packaging in the context of the reprocessing of waste originating in particular from mass distribution.

ARRIERE PLAN DE L'INVENTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Dans le domaine du traitement des déchets issus notamment de la grande distribution, il est connu un appareil de traitement pour collecter de la matière adhérant à la surface externe d'emballages à traiter. Un tel appareil est représenté sur la figure 1 annexée.In the field of the treatment of waste originating in particular from mass distribution, a treatment apparatus is known for collecting material adhering to the external surface of packaging to be treated. Such a device is shown in the figure 1 annexed.

Cet appareil 1 comporte un tambour cylindrique 4 rotatif autour d'un axe longitudinal Ox pourvu d'orifices 6 formant crible pour retenir les emballages et laisser passer la matière à collecter, des moyens motorisés 12 pour entraîner en rotation le tambour cylindrique 4 et un carter externe 3 pour collecter la matière issue des emballages 13 introduits dans le tambour cylindrique 4 et ayant traversé la paroi de ce tambour cylindrique 4. Optionnellement, une brosse rotative 7, également entrainée en rotation par les moyens motorisés 12, est montée dans le tambour cylindrique 4 pour brosser la surface interne de ce tambour.This apparatus 1 comprises a cylindrical drum 4 rotating around a longitudinal axis Ox provided with orifices 6 forming a screen for retaining the packages and allowing the material to be collected to pass, motorized means 12 for rotating the cylindrical drum 4 and a housing external 3 to collect the material coming from the packages 13 introduced into the cylindrical drum 4 and having passed through the wall of this cylindrical drum 4. Optionally, a rotating brush 7, also driven in rotation by the motorized means 12, is mounted in the cylindrical drum 4 to brush the internal surface of this drum.

Ainsi, lorsqu'un emballage 13 est introduit dans cet appareil 1, il est happé par la brosse 7 pour être brossé et emmené dans la zone de contact de la brosse avec la surface interne du tambour cylindrique 4, zone dans laquelle l'emballage est soumis à un brossage intense. Ceci a pour effet de retirer les matières adhérant à la surface de l'emballage 13. Une fois que ce dernier a quitté la zone de contact, il est éjecté par la brosse 7 vers une région supérieure, pour suivre une trajectoire sensiblement circulaire, au cours de laquelle il saute au-dessus de la brosse 7 et frappe le tambour cylindrique 4, avant d'être à nouveau happé par la brosse qui le ramène dans la zone de contact pour y subir un nouveau brossage intense. A chaque saut hors de la zone de contact, l'emballage en traitement perd une portion supplémentaire des matières qui adhèrent à sa surface, celles-ci étant centrifugées lorsque l'emballage passe au-dessus de la brosse en tournoyant.Thus, when a package 13 is introduced into this device 1, it is caught by the brush 7 in order to be brushed and taken into the zone of contact of the brush with the internal surface of the cylindrical drum 4, zone in which the packaging is subjected to intense brushing. This has the effect of removing material adhering to the surface of the packaging 13. Once the latter has left the area contact, it is ejected by the brush 7 towards an upper region, to follow a substantially circular path, during which it jumps above the brush 7 and strikes the cylindrical drum 4, before being again caught by the brush which brings it back to the contact area to undergo a new intense brushing. With each jump out of the contact zone, the packaging under treatment loses an additional portion of the materials which adhere to its surface, these being centrifuged as the packaging passes over the brush while rotating.

Lors du traitement d'emballages contenant des déchets filandreux -comme la viande ou de l'ananas- ou pouvant s'agglomérer facilement tels que la semoule, il se forme des bouchons (on parle de « goujons » de matière) qui viennent obstruer les orifices du tambour. Il est alors nécessaire de procéder fréquemment à des opérations de dégoujonnage du tambour. De telles opérations requièrent d'accéder à l'intérieur du tambour et de nettoyer un à un les orifices obstrués, ce qui oblige à une vidange préalable du tambour. Le temps d'immobilisation de la machine est important et les opérations de dégoujonnage impactent lourdement les coûts d'exploitation de la machine.During the treatment of packaging containing stringy waste - such as meat or pineapple - or which can easily agglomerate such as semolina, plugs are formed (we speak of "studs" of material) which obstruct the drum holes. It is then necessary to frequently carry out operations to unpin the drum. Such operations require accessing the interior of the drum and cleaning the blocked orifices one by one, which requires a prior emptying of the drum. The downtime of the machine is important and the unstuck operations have a heavy impact on the operating costs of the machine.

Les documents FR2676186 , WO2007/042926 et FR3028779 décrivent des dispositifs de traitement qui cherchent à limiter les temps de dégoujonnage d'un tambour.The documents FR2676186 , WO2007 / 042926 and FR3028779 describe processing devices which seek to limit the time it takes to unpin a drum.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Le but de l'invention est de réduire les temps et/ou les coûts de dégoujonnage d'un appareil de traitement pour collecter de la matière adhérant une surface d'emballage.The object of the invention is to reduce the times and / or the costs of unjamming a processing apparatus to collect material adhering to a packaging surface.

RESUME DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A cet effet, on prévoit un appareil de traitement pour collecter de la matière adhérant à une surface d'emballages à traiter comme déchets, l'appareil de traitement comportant un tambour cylindrique rotatif autour d'un axe longitudinal et pourvu d'orifices pour former un crible retenant les emballages et laissant passer la matière à collecter et des moyens motorisés pour entraîner en rotation le tambour rotatif. Selon l'invention, l'appareil de traitement comprend également des moyens de dégoujonnage pour désobstruer au moins partiellement des orifices lors de la rotation du tambour cylindrique. Ainsi, le dégoujonnage des orifices a lieu au cours de la rotation du tambour et les temps d'immobilisation de l'appareil de traitement pour effectuer le dégoujonnage sont réduits, ce qui améliore la rentabilité de l'appareil de traitement. Un dispositif particulièrement robuste est obtenu lorsque les moyens de dégoujonnage comprennent une roue montée à rotation selon un premier axe et pourvue d'au moins un élément en saillie radiale destiné à s'engager dans un des orifices du tambour.For this purpose, a treatment apparatus is provided for collecting material adhering to a surface of packaging to be treated as waste, the treatment apparatus comprising a cylindrical drum rotating about a longitudinal axis and provided with orifices for forming a screen retaining the packages and allowing the material to be collected to pass; and motorized means for driving the rotating drum in rotation. According to the invention, the treatment apparatus also comprises unjamming means for at least partially unblocking orifices during the rotation of the cylindrical drum. Thus, the opening of the holes takes place during the rotation of the drum and the downtime of the processing apparatus to perform the unpinning is reduced, which improves the profitability of the processing apparatus. A particularly robust device is obtained when the uncoupling means comprise a wheel mounted to rotate about a first axis and provided with at least one radial projecting element intended to engage in one of the orifices of the drum.

Le dispositif est particulièrement fiable lorsque le premier axe est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal.The device is particularly reliable when the first axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Le volume de déchets pouvant être chargé dans le tambour est augmenté lorsque la roue est montée à l'extérieur du tambour cylindrique.The volume of waste that can be loaded into the drum is increased when the wheel is mounted outside the cylindrical drum.

La construction de la roue est particulièrement économique lorsque la roue comprend au moins un disque monté à rotation selon le premier axe ou une pluralité de disques entretoisés montés à rotation selon le premier axe. Avantageusement, les orifices sont chacun délimités par quatre faces, la construction du tambour et de la roue étant simplifié lorsque les quatre faces sont parallèles deux à deux.The construction of the wheel is particularly economical when the wheel comprises at least one disc mounted for rotation about the first axis or a plurality of spaced discs mounted for rotation about the first axis. Advantageously, the orifices are each delimited by four faces, the construction of the drum and of the wheel being simplified when the four faces are parallel two by two.

Une construction simple de la roue, par exemple par oxycoupage d'une tôle, peut être réalisée lorsque l'élément en saillie radiale est une dent. Le dégoujonnage des orifices est plus efficace lorsqu'une hauteur de la dent est supérieure à une épaisseur du tambour cylindrique.A simple construction of the wheel, for example by flame cutting from a sheet, can be achieved when the radial protruding element is a tooth. Unlocking the orifices is more effective when a height of the tooth is greater than a thickness of the cylindrical drum.

Une construction du tambour par soudage de tôles cintrées peut être mise en œuvre lorsque la roue comprend au moins deux éléments en saillie radiale successifs qui s'étendent respectivement selon des directions radiales formant un premier angle, et que la roue comprend également au moins deux éléments en saillie radiale successifs s'étendant respectivement selon des directions radiales formant un deuxième angle, le deuxième angle étant un multiple entier supérieur à un du premier angle.A construction of the drum by welding curved sheets can be implemented when the wheel comprises at least two successive radial protruding elements which respectively extend in radial directions forming a first angle, and the wheel also comprises at least two elements in successive radial projections extending respectively in radial directions forming a second angle, the second angle being an integer multiple greater than one of the first angle.

Avantageusement, l'appareil de traitement comprend un peigne dont les dents s'étendent entre deux disques successifs de la roue.Advantageously, the treatment apparatus comprises a comb, the teeth of which extend between two successive discs of the wheel.

L'évacuation des déchets est facilitée lorsqu'un éjecteur à emballages est agencé pour coulisser à l'intérieur du tambour selon une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal.The discharge of waste is facilitated when a package ejector is arranged to slide inside the drum in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Avantageusement encore, l'appareil comprend des moyens de compression contre une face interne du tambour cylindrique et qui sont montés dans le tambour cylindrique au voisinage immédiat de la surface interne de celui-ci, les moyens de compressions étant motorisés pour être entrainés en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal. Les moyens de compression créent alors un guidage des déchets dans un espace allant en se réduisant au fur et à mesure que le déchet approche de la paroi du tambour. Ceci assure une compression de l'emballage et son contenu contre la paroi du tambour et donc l'extraction du contenu hors de son emballage.Again advantageously, the apparatus comprises means of compression against an internal face of the cylindrical drum and which are mounted in the cylindrical drum in the immediate vicinity of the internal surface thereof, the compression means being motorized to be driven in rotation around of an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. The compression means then create a guiding of the waste in a space decreasing as the waste approaches the wall of the drum. This ensures compression of the packaging and its contents against the wall of the drum and therefore the extraction of the contents out of its packaging.

Avantageusement, les emballages sont introduits dans le tambour cylindrique via une trémie de chargement comportant une ouverture de chargement et une ouverture d'alimentation faisant face à un port d'alimentation débouchant dans le tambour cylindrique. Les opérations de chargement sont facilitées lorsque la trémie de chargement est agencée sur un châssis de l'appareil de traitement pour coulisser entre une première position dans lequel l'ouverture d'alimentation est éloignée du port d'alimentation et une deuxième position dans laquelle l'ouverture d'alimentation fait face au port d'alimentation.Advantageously, the packages are introduced into the cylindrical drum via a loading hopper comprising a loading opening and a feed opening facing a feed port opening into the cylindrical drum. Loading operations are facilitated when the loading hopper is arranged on a frame of the processing apparatus to slide between a first position in which the feed opening is remote from the feed port and a second position in which the feed opening is moved away from the feed port. The feed opening faces the feed port.

Les performances de la machine pour différents types de déchets peuvent être facilement évaluées lorsque l'appareil comprend des moyens de pesage de la trémie dans sa deuxième position.The performance of the machine for different types of waste can be easily assessed when the apparatus includes means for weighing the hopper in its second position.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lumière de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation non limitatif de l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the following description of a non-limiting embodiment of the invention.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation particulier non limitatif de l'invention.The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular non-limiting embodiment of the invention.

Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique de l'appareil selon l'art antérieur, en coupe longitudinale, et a été décrite précédemment ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective de l'appareil selon l'invention, l'avant de l'appareil étant plus particulièrement visible au premier plan ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective de l'appareil selon l'invention, l'arrière de l'appareil étant plus particulièrement visible au premier plan ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique de dessus de l'appareil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale selon le plan V-V de l'appareil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique de face de l'appareil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique en perspective de l'appareil selon l'invention montrant la trémie dans une première position;
  • la figure 8 est une vue analogue à la figure 6 montrant la trémie dans une deuxième position;
  • la figure 9 est une vue de détail de l'appareil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue schématique en perspective du tambour de l'appareil selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un détail du tambour de l'appareil selon l'invention.
Reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus according to the prior art, in longitudinal section, and has been described previously;
  • the figure 2 is a partial schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention, the front of the apparatus being more particularly visible in the foreground;
  • the figure 3 is a partial schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention, the rear of the apparatus being more particularly visible in the foreground;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic top view of the apparatus according to the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a schematic view in longitudinal section along the plane VV of the apparatus according to the invention;
  • the figure 6 is a schematic front view of the apparatus according to the invention;
  • the figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention showing the hopper in a first position;
  • the figure 8 is a view analogous to figure 6 showing the hopper in a second position;
  • the figure 9 is a detail view of the apparatus according to the invention;
  • the figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of the drum of the apparatus according to the invention;
  • the figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of a detail of the drum of the apparatus according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L'INVENTIONDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

En référence aux figures 2 à 6, l'appareil de traitement selon l'invention, repéré 1, comporte un châssis 2 sous forme d'une structure formée par des profilés en acier mécano soudés, portant un carter 3 articulé en acier (le carter 3 est ici partiellement représenté à des fins de clarté).With reference to figures 2 to 6 , the treatment apparatus according to the invention, marked 1, comprises a frame 2 in the form of a structure formed by mechanically welded steel sections, carrying an articulated steel casing 3 (the casing 3 is here partially shown at for clarity).

Le carter 3 renferme un tambour 4 cylindrique ou trommel 4 sous forme d'un cylindre de tôle ajouré par une série d'orifices 6 sur la grande majorité de sa surface pour constituer un crible rotatif autour d'un axe longitudinal Ox. Une porte 5 articulée selon un axe horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal Ox, ferme la première extrémité 4.1 du trommel 4. Une brosse 7 cylindrique rotative ainsi qu'un rouleau 20 sont montés à l'intérieur du trommel 4. Le trommel 4 renferme également un éjecteur 30 à emballage sous la forme d'un disque 31 relié à une tige 32 d'un piston 33, la tige 32 étant montée pour coulisser dans le trommel 4 selon une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Ox. Le disque 32 comprend une découpe 34 pour échapper à la brosse 7 ainsi qu'un rabat 35 qui dirige les emballages projetés par la brosse 7 contre le rabat 35 vers la première extrémité 4.1 du trommel 4, dirigeant alors les emballages vers la sortie du trommel 4.The casing 3 contains a cylindrical drum 4 or trommel 4 in the form of a sheet metal cylinder perforated by a series of orifices 6 over the vast majority of its surface to constitute a rotary screen around an axis longitudinal Ox. A door 5 articulated along a horizontal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Ox, closes the first end 4.1 of the trommel 4. A rotating cylindrical brush 7 and a roller 20 are mounted inside the trommel 4. The trommel 4 contains also an ejector 30 packaged in the form of a disc 31 connected to a rod 32 of a piston 33, the rod 32 being mounted to slide in the trommel 4 in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox. The disc 32 comprises a cutout 34 to escape the brush 7 as well as a flap 35 which directs the packages projected by the brush 7 against the flap 35 towards the first end 4.1 of the trommel 4, then directing the packages towards the outlet of the trommel 4.

Une trémie 40 sensiblement en forme de pyramide renversée comprend une ouverture de chargement 41 et une ouverture d'alimentation 42 faisant face à un port 8 d'alimentation débouchant dans le trommel 4. Une vis sans fin 43 motorisée s'étend dans la trémie 40 pour diriger les emballages 13 vers l'ouverture d'alimentation 42 et alimenter le trommel 4 en déchets. La trémie 40 comprend quatre roues 44.1 à 44.4 placées à proximité des angles de l'ouverture de chargement 41 de la trémie 40. Ces roues 44.1 à 44.4 coopèrent avec un premier et un deuxième rail 45.1 et 45.2 solidaires du châssis 2 pour que la trémie 40 puisse coulisser entre une première position (représentée en figure 7) et une deuxième position (représentée en figure 8). Dans la première position de la trémie 40, l'ouverture d'alimentation 42 de la trémie 40 est éloignée du port d'alimentation 8. Dans sa deuxième position, l'ouverture d'alimentation 42 de la trémie 40 fait face au port 8 d'alimentation et chacune des roues 44.1 à 44.4 repose respectivement sur une jauge piezo-résistive 46.1 à 46.4. Le trommel 4 est entrainé en rotation autour de l'axe longitudinal Ox à l'aide d'un moteur non représenté sur les figures et est guidé à chacune de ses extrémités par deux galets rotatifs 11. La brosse 7 est entraînée en rotation par un moteur 12 qui est porté par le châssis 2, à l'une des extrémités de l'appareil 1. La vitesse de rotation de la brosse 7 est, préférentiellement, très supérieure à celle du trommel 4.A hopper 40 substantially in the form of an inverted pyramid comprises a loading opening 41 and a feed opening 42 facing a feed port 8 opening into the trommel 4. A motorized worm 43 extends into the hopper 40. to direct the packages 13 towards the supply opening 42 and feed the trommel 4 with waste. The hopper 40 comprises four wheels 44.1 to 44.4 placed near the corners of the loading opening 41 of the hopper 40. These wheels 44.1 to 44.4 cooperate with a first and a second rail 45.1 and 45.2 integral with the frame 2 so that the hopper 40 can slide between a first position (shown in figure 7 ) and a second position (shown in figure 8 ). In the first position of the hopper 40, the feed opening 42 of the hopper 40 is remote from the feed port 8. In its second position, the feed opening 42 of the hopper 40 faces the port 8. power supply and each of the wheels 44.1 to 44.4 rests respectively on a piezo-resistive gauge 46.1 to 46.4. The trommel 4 is driven in rotation around the longitudinal axis Ox using a motor not shown in the figures and is guided at each of its ends by two rotating rollers 11. The brush 7 is driven in rotation by a motor 12 which is carried by the frame 2, at one end of the device 1. The speed of rotation of the brush 7 is preferably much greater than that of the trommel 4.

Le rouleau 20 est entrainé en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal Ox par un moteur 23 et vient améliorer la récupération des matières contenues dans les emballages. Le rouleau 20, qui a la forme générale d'un cylindre, est monté à l'intérieur du trommel 4 pour rouler sur la surface intérieure du trommel 4. Le rouleau 20, mieux visible sur les figures 5 et 6, comporte deux tronçons successifs sur sa longueur : un premier tronçon dit « de déconditionnement » 21 ayant une surface externe hérissée de pointes agencées de sorte à extirper les matières des emballages, et possiblement déchiqueter ces derniers, et un second tronçon dit « de laminage » 22 ayant une surface externe lisse agencée de sorte à forcer le passage des matières à collecter à travers le trommel 4.The roller 20 is driven in rotation around an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox by a motor 23 and improves the recovery of the materials contained in the packaging. The roller 20, which has the general shape of a cylinder, is mounted inside the trommel 4 to roll on the inner surface of the trommel 4. The roller 20, better visible on figures 5 and 6 , comprises two successive sections over its length: a first section called "deconditioning" 21 having an external surface bristling with spikes arranged so as to extract the materials from the packaging, and possibly shred the latter, and a second section called "rolling" 22 having a smooth outer surface arranged so as to force the passage of the materials to be collected through the trommel 4.

Les jauges piezo-résistives 45.1 à 45.4, la motorisation du trommel 4, le moteur 12 de la brosse 7, le moteur 23 du rouleau de compression, le piston 33, la motorisation de la vis sans fin 43 ainsi que d'autres équipements électriques (détecteur de fermeture de la porte 5 etc..) sont reliés à une unité de commande 80 de l'appareil de traitement 1 qui est pourvue d'une mémoire 81, d'un afficheur tactile 82 et de moyens de communication 83 sans fil (ici une interface Wi-Fi).The piezo-resistive gauges 45.1 to 45.4, the motorization of the trommel 4, the motor 12 of the brush 7, the motor 23 of the compression roller, the piston 33, the motorization of the worm 43 as well as other electrical equipment (door closing detector 5, etc.) are connected to a control unit 80 of the treatment apparatus 1 which is provided with a memory 81, a tactile display 82 and wireless communication means 83 (here a Wi-Fi interface).

Comme visible sur les figures 9 à 11, les orifices 6 du trommel 4 ont une section sensiblement en forme de parallélépipède et sont délimités par quatre faces 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 et 6.4 parallèles deux à deux. Ainsi, les faces 6.1 et 6.3 sont parallèles entre elles et s'étendent dans un plan sensiblement orthogonal à l'axe longitudinal Ox. Les faces 6.2 et 6.4 s'étendent dans des plans comprenant l'axe longitudinal Ox. Le trommel 4 est, ici, fabriqué à partir de trois tôles 50, 51 et 52 en acier S700 à haute limite élastique d'épaisseur e. Les tôles 50, 51 et 52 sont tout d'abord cintrées avant d'être assemblées par soudage pour réaliser un cylindre 53 comprenant trois soudures longitudinales 54, 55 et 56. Ce cylindre 53 est ensuite placé dans une machine de découpe par jet d'eau hyperbare pour réaliser les orifices 6. La précision d'implantation des orifices 6 l'un par rapport à l'autre est de l'ordre de 0.2 millimètres. Préférentiellement les orifices 6 ont une section en forme de quadrilatère dont les côtés ont des dimensions comprises entre cinq et huit millimètres pour le petit côté et huit et douze millimètres pour le grand côté. Des sections de cinq millimètres par huit millimètres et de huit millimètres par douze millimètres sont très préférées. Les orifices 6 sont implantés sur le trommel 4 selon un pas p compris entre neuf et dix-huit millimètres. Comme visible en figure 10, les soudures longitudinales 54, 55 et 56 ne comportent pas d'orifices 6. Ainsi, les séries longitudinales 6.10 et 6.20 d'orifices 6 situés de part et d'autre de la soudure 54 sont séparés d'une distance D égale à deux fois le pas p. Le trommel 4 représenté sur la figure 10 a un diamètre d'environ huit cent millimètres et comporte cinquante rangées de cent trente-deux orifices 6. Les cent trente-deux orifices 6 sont réparties en trois secteurs de quarante-quatre orifices 6 chacun réalisés sur les tôles 50, 51 et 52. Ces trois secteurs sont séparés les uns des autres par une première, une deuxième et une troisième zone 57, 58 et 59 dans lesquelles s'étendent respectivement les soudures longitudinales 55, 55 et 56.As visible on the figures 9 to 11 , the orifices 6 of the trommel 4 have a section substantially in the form of a parallelepiped and are delimited by four faces 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 parallel two by two. Thus, the faces 6.1 and 6.3 are parallel to each other and extend in a plane substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis Ox. The faces 6.2 and 6.4 extend in planes comprising the longitudinal axis Ox. The trommel 4 is here made from three sheets 50, 51 and 52 in S700 steel with high elastic limit of thickness e. The sheets 50, 51 and 52 are first of all bent before being assembled by welding to produce a cylinder 53 comprising three longitudinal welds 54, 55 and 56. This cylinder 53 is then placed in a jet cutting machine. hyperbaric water to produce the orifices 6. The implantation precision of the orifices 6 with respect to one another is of the order of 0.2 millimeters. Preferably, the orifices 6 have a quadrilateral-shaped section whose sides have dimensions of between five and eight millimeters for the short side and eight and twelve millimeters for the long side. Sections of five millimeters by eight millimeters and eight millimeters by twelve millimeters are very preferred. The orifices 6 are implanted on the trommel 4 at a pitch p of between nine and eighteen millimeters. As visible in figure 10 , the longitudinal welds 54, 55 and 56 do not have orifices 6. Thus, the longitudinal series 6.10 and 6.20 of orifices 6 located on either side of the weld 54 are separated by a distance D equal to two times the step p. The trommel 4 shown on the figure 10 has a diameter of about eight hundred millimeters and has fifty rows of one hundred and thirty-two orifices 6. The one hundred and thirty-two orifices 6 are distributed in three sectors of forty-four orifices 6 each made on the sheets 50, 51 and 52. These three sectors are separated from each other by a first, a second and a third zone 57, 58 and 59 in which respectively extend the longitudinal welds 55, 55 and 56.

L'appareil de traitement 1 comprend des moyens de dégoujonnage des orifices 6 lors de la rotation du trommel 4, ici sous la forme d'une roue 60 montée à rotation selon un premier axe 61 s'étendant sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal Ox. La roue 60 comprend cinquante disques 62 tous identiques et séparés les uns des autres par des entretoises. Chaque disque 62 est solidaire en rotation d'un arbre 63 cannelé et possède des rainures radiales 64 coopérant avec les cannelures 65 de l'arbre 63. Chaque disque 62 comprend un cylindre de pied 66 en saillie duquel viennent des dents 67 de hauteur h, ici supérieure à l'épaisseur e du trommel 4.The treatment apparatus 1 comprises means for unpinning the orifices 6 during the rotation of the trommel. 4, here in the form of a wheel 60 mounted to rotate about a first axis 61 extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Ox. The wheel 60 comprises fifty disks 62 all identical and separated from each other by spacers. Each disc 62 is integral in rotation with a splined shaft 63 and has radial grooves 64 cooperating with the splines 65 of the shaft 63. Each disc 62 comprises a projecting foot cylinder 66 from which come teeth 67 of height h, here greater than the thickness e of the trommel 4.

Comme visible en figure 9, le disque 62 comprend quarante-quatre dents 67.1 à 67.44 s'étendant chacune selon une direction radiale 68.1 à 68.44. Les directions radiales 68.1 à 68.44 des quarante-quatre premières dents 67 s'étendent, l'une par rapport à la suivante, selon un premier angle α1 égal à huit degrés et couvrent donc un secteur angulaire de trois cent quarante-quatre degrés. Le disque 62 comprend également une quarante quatrième dent 67.44 et une première dent 67.1 successives dont les quarante quatrième et première directions radiales 68.44 et 68.1 forment un deuxième angle α2 égal à seize degrés. La roue 60 possède ainsi un secteur angulaire d'engrènement 69 et un deuxième secteur angulaire d'échappement 70 couvrant le deuxième angle α2. La valeur de l'angle α2 est, ici, égale au double de la valeur de l'angle α1.As visible in figure 9 , the disc 62 comprises forty-four teeth 67.1 to 67.44 each extending in a radial direction 68.1 to 68.44. The radial directions 68.1 to 68.44 of the forty-four first teeth 67 extend, one with respect to the next, according to a first angle α 1 equal to eight degrees and therefore cover an angular sector of three hundred and forty-four degrees. The disc 62 also comprises a forty-fourth tooth 67.44 and a first successive tooth 67.1, the forty-fourth and first radial directions of which 68.44 and 68.1 form a second angle α 2 equal to sixteen degrees. The wheel 60 thus has an angular meshing sector 69 and a second angular exhaust sector 70 covering the second angle α 2 . The value of the angle α 2 is here equal to twice the value of the angle α 1 .

La roue 60 est montée à l'extérieur du trommel 4 de manière à ce que les dents 67 de chacun des disques 62 coopèrent avec les orifices 6 du trommel 4 à la manière de deux roues dentées.The wheel 60 is mounted outside the trommel 4 so that the teeth 67 of each of the discs 62 cooperate with the orifices 6 of the trommel 4 in the manner of two toothed wheels.

Un peigne 71 solidaire du châssis 2 est placé à proximité de la roue 60 de manière à ce que ses dents 72 s'étendent entre deux disques 62 successifs de la roue 60.A comb 71 integral with the frame 2 is placed near the wheel 60 so that its teeth 72 extend between two successive disks 62 of the wheel 60.

En fonctionnement, l'utilisateur amène la trémie 40 dans sa première position et charge celle-ci en emballages 13 par l'ouverture 41 de chargement. Une fois la trémie 40 chargée, l'utilisateur repousse celle-ci dans sa deuxième position. Les jauges piezo-résistives 46.1 à 46.4 transmettent à l'unité de commande 80 un signal électrique représentatif de la charge à laquelle elles sont soumises. L'unité de commande 80 en déduit une masse d'emballages 13 chargée dans la trémie 40, l'enregistre dans la mémoire 81 et l'affiche sur l'afficheur 82. Optionnellement, cette quantité est transmise par les moyens de communication sans-fil 83 à un serveur distant. L'unité de commande 80 commande la mise en rotation du trommel 4, de la brosse 7 et du rouleau 20. L'unité de commande 80 ordonne ensuite la mise en route de la vis sans fin 43 jusqu'à ce qu'une quantité déterminée d'emballages 13 -pouvant être mesurée à l'aide des jauges piezo-résistives 46.1 à 46.4- soit introduite dans le trommel 4. La rotation du trommel 4 provoque la rotation de la roue 60 et l'introduction des dents 67.1 à 67.44 dans les orifices 6 lors de la rotation du trommel 4. Le rapport des diamètres primitifs de la roue 60 et du trommel 4 étant entier (ce rapport est ici de 3), la roue 60 présente systématiquement le secteur d'échappement 70 face à l'une des soudures 54, 55 ou 56, garantissant une absence de collision entre une dent 67 et une des soudures 54, 55 ou 56. Les goujons de matière évacués des orifices 6 par les dents 67 tombent dans le trommel 4 où la brosse 7 et le rouleau 20 les désagrègent et les évacuent au travers des orifices 6.In operation, the user brings the hopper 40 into its first position and loads the latter with packages 13 through the loading opening 41. Once the loaded hopper 40, the user pushes the latter back into its second position. The piezo-resistive gauges 46.1 to 46.4 transmit to the control unit 80 an electrical signal representative of the load to which they are subjected. The control unit 80 deduces therefrom a mass of packaging 13 loaded into the hopper 40, records it in the memory 81 and displays it on the display 82. Optionally, this quantity is transmitted by the means of communication without- thread 83 to a remote server. The control unit 80 controls the rotation of the trommel 4, the brush 7 and the roller 20. The control unit 80 then orders the start of the worm 43 until a quantity determined of packages 13 - which can be measured using the piezo-resistive gauges 46.1 to 46.4 - is introduced into the trommel 4. The rotation of the trommel 4 causes the rotation of the wheel 60 and the introduction of the teeth 67.1 to 67.44 in the orifices 6 during the rotation of the trommel 4. The ratio of the pitch diameters of the wheel 60 and of the trommel 4 being whole (this ratio is here of 3), the wheel 60 systematically presents the exhaust sector 70 facing the 'one of the welds 54, 55 or 56, ensuring an absence of collision between a tooth 67 and one of the welds 54, 55 or 56. The studs of material evacuated from the orifices 6 by the teeth 67 fall into the trommel 4 where the brush 7 and the roller 20 disintegrates them and discharges them through the orifices 6.

L'évacuation des emballages 13 hors du trommel 4 peut se faire de plusieurs manières. Selon le degré de salissure des emballages 13, l'appareil de traitement 1 peut fonctionner avec la porte 5 totalement ou partiellement ouverte, l'évacuation des emballages 13 se faisant au fur et à mesure de leur traitement. Il est également possible de fermer la porte 5 pendant le traitement des emballages 13 et , à l'issue d'une durée de traitement prédéfinie, ouvrir la porte 5 et actionner le vérin 33 pour provoquer une sortie de l'éjecteur à emballages 31 qui coulisse à l'intérieur du trommel 4 et pousse les emballages 13 hors du trommel 4 par la première extrémité 4.1. L'unité de commande 80 peut alors être actionnée pour commander la vis sans fin 43 afin de procéder à un nouveau chargement du trommel 4.The evacuation of the packages 13 from the trommel 4 can be done in several ways. Depending on the degree of soiling of the packages 13, the treatment apparatus 1 can operate with the door 5 fully or partially open, the evacuation of the packages 13 taking place as they are being processed. It is also possible to close the door 5 while the packaging 13 is being processed and, at the end of a predefined processing time, open the door 5 and actuate the cylinder 33 to cause an exit of the packaging ejector 31 which slides inside the trommel 4 and pushes the packaging 13 out of the trommel 4 by the first end 4.1. The control unit 80 can then be actuated to control the worm 43 in order to carry out a new loading of the trommel 4.

Les dimensions des orifices 6 du tambour 4 sont choisies pour retenir les emballages 13, tout en laissant passer les matières qu'ils contiennent et qui adhèrent à ces emballages 13. Le passage des matières en question est encore facilité par l'effet centrifuge de la rotation du trommel 4, de sorte que ces matières se retrouvent ensuite dans le carter 3, les emballages 13 étant quant à eux retenus à l'intérieur du trommel 4.The dimensions of the orifices 6 of the drum 4 are chosen to retain the packaging 13, while allowing the materials which they contain and which adhere to these packaging 13. The passage of the materials in question is further facilitated by the centrifugal effect of the rotation of the trommel 4, so that these materials are then found in the housing 3, the packaging 13 being for their part retained inside the trommel 4.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit mais englobe toute variante entrant dans le champ de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described but encompasses any variant coming within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

En particulier, bien qu'ici la compression des déchets est assurée par un rouleau cylindrique monté à rotation, l'invention s'applique également à d'autres moyens de compression comme par exemple un rouleau cylindrique fixe, un racloir plan fixe positionné pour former un aigle aigu avec la surface interne du tambour, ou une tôle fixe ayant une section transversale sensiblement en forme de virgule. Un tel racloir ou une telle tôle pourra présenter une portion pourvue de griffes (première fonction de déconditionnement) et une deuxième portion de guidage (laminage). Plus généralement, les moyens de compression créent un guidage des déchets dans un espace allant en se réduisant au fur et à mesure que le déchet approche de la surface interne du tambour. Les moyens de compression de l'invention peuvent également comprendre un cône de compression, dont l'axe de rotation serait parallèle ou non à l'axe de rotation du tambour, un cylindre de courbe directrice octogonale ou quelconque.In particular, although here the compression of the waste is ensured by a cylindrical roller mounted to rotate, the invention also applies to other compression means such as for example a fixed cylindrical roller, a fixed plane scraper positioned to form a sharp eagle with the inner surface of the drum, or a stationary sheet having a substantially comma-shaped cross section. Such a scraper or such a sheet may have a portion provided with claws (first deconditioning function) and a second guide portion (rolling). More generally, the compression means create a guiding of the waste in a space decreasing as the waste approaches the internal surface of the drum. The compression means of the invention can also include a compression cone, the axis of rotation of which may or may not be parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum, a cylinder with an octagonal or any directing curve.

Les moyens de compression peuvent également être agencés pour réaliser d'autres fonctions de traitement, en addition ou non des fonctions précités. On pense notamment, dans le cas du rouleau décrit, à un troisième tronçon muni de poils semblables à ceux de la brosse.The compression means can also be arranged to perform other processing functions, in addition or not to the aforementioned functions. We are thinking in particular, in the case of the roller described, of a third section provided with bristles similar to those of the brush.

Bien qu'ici les moyens de dégoujonnage comprennent une roue à dents, l'invention s'applique également à d'autres moyens de dégoujonnage du tambour lors de sa rotation comme par exemple une injection haute pression d'eau, d'air ou des masselottes qui viennent percuter le tambour.Although here the uncoupling means comprise a toothed wheel, the invention also applies to other means for uncoupling the drum during its rotation such as for example a high pressure injection of water, air or weights which strike the drum.

Bien qu'ici le carter soit réalisé en acier, l'invention s'applique également à d'autres matériau de construction pour le carter comme l'acier inoxydable, d'autres types de métaux, des matières synthétiques ou des fibres de carbone ou de verre.Although here the housing is made of steel, the invention also applies to other construction material for the housing such as stainless steel, other types of metals, plastics or carbon fibers or of glass.

Bien qu'ici l'éjecteur à emballages soit actionné par un piston, l'invention s'applique également à d'autres types d'actionnement de l'éjecteur à emballages comme par exemple un actionnement manuel ou pneumatique.Although here the packaging ejector is actuated by a piston, the invention also applies to other types of actuation of the packaging ejector such as, for example, manual or pneumatic actuation.

Bien qu'ici l'appareil de traitement comprenne des jauges piezo électriques, l'invention s'applique à d'autres types de moyens de pesage comme par exemples des capteurs de pression de fluide, un pont de Wheatstone ou un capteur de déplacement d'un élément précontraint.Although here the treatment apparatus comprises piezoelectric gauges, the invention applies to other types of weighing means such as, for example, fluid pressure sensors, a Wheatstone bridge or a displacement sensor. 'a prestressed element.

Bien qu'ici l'appareil comprenne une brosse et des moyens de compression, l'invention s'applique également à un appareil dépourvu de brosse et/ou de moyens de compression et dans lequel la séparation de la matière à collecter de la surface des déchets se fait par effet centrifuge et brassage.Although here the apparatus comprises a brush and compression means, the invention also applies to an apparatus devoid of brush and / or compression means and in which the separation of the material to be collected from the surface of the waste is done by centrifugal effect and stirring.

Bien qu'ici le tambour soit réalisé par soudage de trois tôles cintrées en acier S700, l'invention s'applique également à d'autres modes de réalisations du tambour comme par exemple un tambour réalisé à partir de une, deux ou plus de trois tôles cintrées, celles-ci pouvant être dans des nuances d'acier différents comme par exemple des aciers spécialement résistants à l'abrasion de type Hardox® ou Z120M12.Although here the drum is made by welding three bent sheets of S700 steel, the invention also applies to other embodiments of the drum such as for example a drum made from one, two or more than three. curved sheets, these can be in different steel grades such as for example specially abrasion resistant steels of the Hardox® or Z120M12 type.

Bien qu'ici les orifices situés de part et d'autre d'une soudure soient espacés d'une distance égale à deux fois le pas d'implantation des orifices, l'invention s'applique également à des orifices situés de part et d'autre d'une soudure espacés d'une distance inférieure ou supérieure à deux fois le pas d'implantation, et préférentiellement proportionnelle à un multiple entier du pas d'implantation des orifices.Although here the orifices located on either side of a weld are spaced by a distance equal to twice the implantation pitch of the orifices, the invention also applies to orifices located on either side of the weld. the other of a weld spaced at a distance less than or greater than twice the implantation pitch, and preferably proportional to an integer multiple of the implantation pitch of the orifices.

Bien qu'ici la roue comprenne quarante-quatre dents en saillie, l'invention s'applique également à des moyens de dégoujonnage comprenant entre une et quarante- trois dents voire plus de quarante-quatre. La roue peut comprendre d'autres types d'éléments en saillie comme par exemple des portions de cylindres ou des brosses.Although here the wheel comprises forty-four projecting teeth, the invention also applies to unpinning means comprising between one and forty-three teeth or even more than forty-four. The wheel may include other types of projecting elements such as, for example, portions of cylinders or brushes.

Bien qu'ici la roue comprenne une pluralité de disques entretoisés, l'invention s'applique également à une construction monobloc de la roue par moulage ou usinage dans la masse.Although here the wheel comprises a plurality of spaced discs, the invention also applies to a one-piece construction of the wheel by molding or machining in the mass.

Bien qu'ici la roue soit montée à l'extérieur du tambour, l'invention s'applique également à une roue montée à l'intérieur du tambour.Although here the wheel is mounted outside the drum, the invention also applies to a wheel mounted inside the drum.

Claims (15)

  1. Processor apparatus (1) for collecting material adhering to surfaces of packages (13) for processing as waste, the processor apparatus (1) comprising a cylindrical drum (4) that is rotatable about a longitudinal axis (Ox) and that is provided with orifices (6) to form a screen that retains the packages (13) while allowing the material for collecting to pass through; and
    • motor means (12) for driving the cylindrical drum (4) in rotation;
    unclogging means (60) for at least partially unobstructing the orifices (6) while the cylindrical drum (4) is rotating;
    • the unclogging means (60) comprising a wheel (60) mounted to rotate about a first axis (61) and provided with at least one radially projecting element (67) for engaging in an orifice (6) of the cylindrical drum (4);
    • the wheel (60) including at least two successive radially projecting elements (67.1-67.44) that extend along respective radial directions (68.1-68.44) forming a first angle (α1) between them,
    characterized in that the wheel (60) also includes at least two successive radially projecting elements (67.44, 67.1) that extend along respective radial directions (68.44, 68.1) forming a second angle (α2) between them, the second angle (α2) being an integer multiple greater than one of the first angle (α1).
  2. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first axis (61) is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  3. Processor apparatus (1) according to either preceding claim, wherein the wheel (60) is mounted outside the cylindrical drum (4).
  4. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the wheel (60) comprises at least one disk (62) mounted to rotate about the first axis (61).
  5. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 4, wherein the wheel (60) comprises a plurality of spaced-apart disks (62) mounted to rotate about the first axis (61).
  6. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein each orifice (6) is defined by four faces (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4).
  7. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 6, wherein the four faces (6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4) are parallel in pairs.
  8. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the radially projecting element (67) is a tooth (67).
  9. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 8, wherein the tooth (67) has a height (h) that is greater than the thickness (e) of the cylindrical drum (4).
  10. Processor apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 9, including a comb (71) having teeth (72) that extend between successive pairs of disks (62) of the wheel (60).
  11. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, including a package ejector (30) arranged to slide inside the cylindrical drum (4) along a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  12. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, including compression means (20) for pressing against an inside face of the cylindrical drum (4) and mounted in the cylindrical drum (4) in the immediate vicinity of its inside surface, the compression means (20) being motor driven so as to be caused to rotate about an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (Ox).
  13. Processor apparatus (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the packages (13) are inserted into the cylindrical drum (4) via a loading hopper (40) having a loading opening (41) and a feed opening (42) facing a feed port (8) leading into the cylindrical drum (4).
  14. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 13, wherein the loading hopper (40) is arranged on a frame (2) of the processor apparatus (1) to slide between a first position in which the feed opening (42) is spaced apart from the feed port (8), and a second position in which the feed opening (42) faces the feed port (8).
  15. Processor apparatus (1) according to claim 14, wherein the processor apparatus (1) includes weighing means (46.1-46.4) for weighing the hopper (40) in its second position.
EP18765648.3A 2017-09-12 2018-09-11 Depackaging apparatus with improved cleaning Active EP3681647B1 (en)

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PL18765648T PL3681647T3 (en) 2017-09-12 2018-09-11 Depackaging apparatus with improved cleaning

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1758450A FR3070882B1 (en) 2017-09-12 2017-09-12 DECONDITIONER WITH IMPROVED CLEANING
PCT/EP2018/074505 WO2019053018A1 (en) 2017-09-12 2018-09-11 Depackaging apparatus with improved cleaning

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CN111957546A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-20 杭州伊尹健康技术有限公司 Method for dredging in rotation of ejector rod equidirectional moving cylinder of traditional Chinese medicine sieving machine
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FR3070882B1 (en) 2022-02-04
PL3681647T3 (en) 2022-05-23
US11376603B2 (en) 2022-07-05
FR3070882A1 (en) 2019-03-15
US20200298246A1 (en) 2020-09-24
CA3075441C (en) 2022-05-10
EP3681647A1 (en) 2020-07-22
ES2906877T3 (en) 2022-04-20
WO2019053018A1 (en) 2019-03-21

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