EP3681606B1 - Kombiniertes brandschutzsystem zur früherkennung von rauch und gas und brandschutz - Google Patents

Kombiniertes brandschutzsystem zur früherkennung von rauch und gas und brandschutz

Info

Publication number
EP3681606B1
EP3681606B1 EP18782645.8A EP18782645A EP3681606B1 EP 3681606 B1 EP3681606 B1 EP 3681606B1 EP 18782645 A EP18782645 A EP 18782645A EP 3681606 B1 EP3681606 B1 EP 3681606B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
fire safety
pipe
valve
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18782645.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3681606C0 (de
EP3681606A1 (de
Inventor
Baptiste FRITOT
Joseph SISOMBATH
Patrick MAUREAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ekium
Electricite de France SA
Original Assignee
Ekium
Electricite de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ekium, Electricite de France SA filed Critical Ekium
Publication of EP3681606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3681606A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3681606C0 publication Critical patent/EP3681606C0/de
Publication of EP3681606B1 publication Critical patent/EP3681606B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/62—Pipe-line systems dry, i.e. empty of extinguishing material when not in use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to fire safety systems, and more specifically to multi-point smoke detection and protection by extinguishing agent.
  • the invention finds advantageous application in modular environments, such as energy storage containers, steam or combustion turbine casings, or ship or submarine cabins, or long-haul and cargo plane holds, but also in more common places such as electrical rooms, data centers, clean rooms, computer rooms, or even restricted access nuclear areas, premises with strong electromagnetic influences.
  • a fire safety system typically includes a fire detection device, a gas detection device, and a protection device using extinguishing agents (water, inert or inhibitor gas, powder, etc.).
  • the various devices are typically linked and controlled by a fire control panel, usually installed as a priority and linked to the fire detection system.
  • Fire detection systems are typically installed in each module, with their information transmitted to the central system via electrical or electromagnetic connection. This detection method presents a major drawback in areas subject to strong electromagnetic fields, as these fields can interfere with the device's operation and reduce its reliability.
  • One aim of the invention is to simplify the installation of fire safety devices (detection and protection) and incidentally reduce their cost.
  • Another objective of the invention is to reduce the size of a fire protection device linked to a fire detection system.
  • Another goal is to protect a modular environment without multiplying the detection, control, and extinguishing agent storage devices.
  • Another objective of the invention is to reduce the impact of electromagnetic fields on the performance of detection systems.
  • Another objective of the invention is to reduce maintenance operations in the modules when the system protects a modular environment.
  • the invention provides a fire safety device for the volume of an enclosure, in accordance with claim 1.
  • the detection and control components are centralized and placed in a protected environment, thereby reducing the influence of electromagnetic fields on the performance of the detection device.
  • the number of components in the modules is limited thanks to the centralization of detection elements, thus eliminating the need for communication between decentralized detection elements and the security station. Maintenance operations are therefore simplified.
  • the invention proposes a fire safety method according to claim 13.
  • the following embodiments relate to the case of a fire safety device 1 for an enclosure of a modular environment, an example of which is shown figure 1
  • this example is not intended to not limiting in any way, insofar as the fire safety system is suitable for any type of environment, modular or not.
  • the device includes a centralized fire safety station 2 linked to one or more pipes 6, on which one or more flow interface connectors 7 are assembled.
  • Pipes 6 extend between the central fire safety station 2 and a purge box 8 allowing the pipe 6 connected to it to be purged.
  • the fire safety device 1 being here installed on a modular structure 9 (or modular environment) comprising a plurality of modules 10, each of the modules is equipped with one or more flow interface connectors 7.
  • Each of the 6 pipes extending from the central fire safety station 2 forms a protection line 11.
  • a protection line 11 includes a flow interface connector 7 in several modules 10.
  • each module can be equipped with several flow interface connectors 7 belonging to separate protection lines 11.
  • a protection line 11 includes a flow interface connector 7 in as many modules as possible.
  • each module 10 includes a flow interface connector 7 for each of the three protection lines 11.
  • the number of protection lines 11 can vary depending on environmental requirements.
  • the extinguishing agent is then released into module 10 where the fault occurs, via the flow interface connectors 7 of this module 10.
  • a flow interface connector 7 includes a sprayer 12, connected to the pipeline 6 via a fluid adapter 13, the fluid adapter 13 extending coaxially to the sprayer 12.
  • the fluidic adapter 13 comprises a generally hollow cylindrical body, an opening at both ends, and an opening located on its lateral surface. The lateral opening of the fluidic adapter 13 allows it to cooperate with a flow selector 14 extending transversely outward from the fluidic adapter 13.
  • the flow selector 14 comprises a generally cylindrical body 15, a front part 151 interfacing with the fluidic adapter 13 and a rear part 152 interfacing with the external environment.
  • the flow interface connector 7 is considered automatic because in this embodiment it includes a heat-sensitive bulb 301 which blocks the ejection of the extinguishing agent until it is subjected to an adequate temperature.
  • the flow interface connector 7 is considered direct because it has a cap 303 ejected by the extinguishing agent when it is injected.
  • the front faces 16 and rear faces 17 of the flow selector 14 are made to communicate fluidically by means of two internal channels, a front channel 18 coming from the front face 16 and a rear channel 19 coming from the rear face 17.
  • the front pipe 18 and the rear pipe 19 open into a central cylindrical chamber 20, forming an internal cavity in the flow selector 14.
  • the central chamber 20 includes within it a generally cylindrical valve 21 comprising a blind cavity 22, also cylindrical, a lateral wall 23 and a bottom 24.
  • An elastic element 25, here a spring, is fixed to the bottom 24 of the valve, and exerts a restoring force tending to push the valve 21 towards the front channel 18 of the flow selector 14 by bearing against a rear axial stop 26 made in the rear channel 19.
  • the bottom 24 of the valve 21 further includes a centering element 241, ensuring the positioning of the elastic element 25 relative to the bottom 24 of the valve 21.
  • the side wall 23 of the valve 21 cooperates with the front channel 18 of the flow selector 14, being partially inserted into the front channel 18.
  • a front axial stop 27 allows the valve 21 to be held in a first stable position, said to be open.
  • the side wall 23 of the valve 21 has lateral perforations 28, allowing fluidic communication between the blind cavity 22 and the central chamber 20 when the valve 21 is in the open position against the axial stop before 27.
  • the central cavity 20 further comprises a first body 201 and a second body 202, delimited by an annular projection forming a guide ring 203.
  • This guide ring 203 centers the valve 21 in the central cavity 20 and guides the valve 21 in translation within the central cavity 20.
  • the guide ring 203 also includes holes 204, ensuring fluidic communication between the first body 201 and the second body 202 of the central cavity 20.
  • the flow selector 14 In normal operation, the flow selector 14 is in the open position as illustrated in the figure 3a The environment is thus put into fluidic communication with the pipe 6 via the fluidic adapter 13. The gaseous mixture of the environment thus passes through the flow selector 13 from the outside to go up the pipe 6 towards the central fire safety station 2 under the effect of a pressure differential.
  • valve 21 moves until it reaches a second stable position, at least as long as the pressure level allows it, this position being said to be closed.
  • a sealing element 29, here an O-ring, is arranged around the perimeter of the rear pipe mouth 19 in the central chamber 20, so as to improve the sealing of the closed position of the valve 21 by cooperating with it.
  • the flow selector 14 has a front port 160 and a rear port 170 which open onto the front face 16 and rear face 17 respectively and communicate via an internal cavity.
  • the cavity is formed of three coaxial sections 18, 19, and 20 with different cross-sections.
  • the transition between sections 20 and 19 forms a step 290 directed towards the front port 160, which constitutes a valve seat cooperating with a shutter 21.
  • the shutter 21 is located in section 20 of the cavity with a larger cross-section.
  • the obturator 21 is moved away from the seat 290 by an elastic element 25.
  • the flow selector 14 is open as illustrated in the figure 3a A fluid stream can be drawn through the flow selector 14 to be directed to detectors 4 and 5 as illustrated in the figure 3a .
  • the pipe 6 opens into the central fire safety station 2 on two branches of pipes.
  • a first branch of pipes 61 of the central fire safety station 2 includes a two-way valve 31, a gas detection device 4 comprising a gas detector arranged in a sealed enclosure, and a smoke detection device 5.
  • the smoke detection device 5 includes a suction device, and is located downstream, in the direction of gas flow during a suction phase, relative to the gas detection device 4.
  • the bidirectional valve 31 allows the passage of fluids from the pipes 6 to the detection devices as long as the pressure of the fluids is below a certain threshold.
  • the smoke detectors 5 and gas detectors 4 are exposed to the gas mixture from the modules 10 during the gas aspiration caused by the smoke detection device 5.
  • the bidirectional valve 31 When the pressure entering the first branch of pipe 61 exceeds a certain threshold, typically during the release of the agent fire extinguisher, the bidirectional valve 31 obstructs the first branch of the pipe 61 under the effect of the pressure of the extinguishing agent, and thus protects the gas detectors 4 and smoke detectors 5.
  • a return line 36 ensures the return of the continuously collected air and/or gas samples to the ambient environment from which they were taken, in order to equalize the pressures upstream and downstream of the detection devices.
  • a safety logic module 34 is connected to two solenoid valves 35a, 35b located on either side of the smoke 5 and gas 4 detection systems, allowing these systems to be isolated when the situation requires it.
  • the safety logic module 34 controls the solenoid valve 35a located upstream of the detection devices during suction.
  • the solenoid valve 35a therefore switches from the first branch of the pipe 61 to a neutral inlet pipe 37 equipped with a differential pressure device 39, here a diaphragm.
  • a second branch of piping 62 of the central fire safety station 2 includes a non-return valve 33, and a pressurized extinguishing agent reservoir 3.
  • the check valve 33 is configured to prevent fluids from pipe 6 or the first branch of pipe 61 from flowing back towards the extinguishing agent tank 3.
  • the smoke detector 5 When the smoke detector 5 confirms a fire situation (alarm confirmation), it triggers the injection of the extinguishing agent, contained in the tank 3, into the protection lines 11.
  • the two-way valve 31 closes under the pressure of the extinguishing agent, thus preventing the extinguishing agent from going back up into the first branch of pipe 61 of the central fire safety station 2 and damaging the smoke detectors 5 and gas detectors 4.
  • the extinguishing agent progresses to the flow interface connectors 7, the air contained being evacuated from these by the flow selectors 14.
  • the pressurized extinguishing agent arrives at the flow selector 14, it exerts pressure on the valve 21 which compresses the elastic element 25, the valve 21 passing into the closed position.
  • the extinguishing fluid can therefore only be ejected into the modules 10 through the sprayers 12.
  • a second embodiment comprises two first branches of piping 61a, 61b, each being linked to two separate protection lines 11.
  • the protection lines 11 include elements similar to the first embodiment described above.
  • Each of the first two pipe branches 61a, 61b includes, from upstream to downstream in the direction of gas flow during the suction phase, a two-way valve 31a, 31b, a quick coupling 32 connected to the first pipe branches, a non-return valve 321a, 321b located on each of the pipes linking the first pipe branches 61a, 61b and the quick coupling 32, and a solenoid valve 35a located upstream of the smoke detector 5.
  • Each of the solenoid valves 35a allows switching from the first branch of the pipeline 61a, 61b on which it is located to a neutral inlet pipe 37 equipped with a diaphragm 39.
  • the smoke detector 5 has two inputs 501a, 501b, each equipped with an independent detection module. Each of the first pipe branches 61a, 61b is therefore analyzed independently by the smoke detector 5.
  • the samples from the first two branches of pipe 61a, 61b are transmitted to the gas detector 4 through a single inter-detector piping 40, the gas detector 4 then ejecting them into the enclosure 10 via the reflux line 36.
  • Each of the first pipe branches 61a, 61b is linked to the second pipe branch 62 via a conduit having a non-return valve 33a, 33b.
  • This embodiment allows the fire protection device to be triggered on an action threshold or on an action threshold equation while increasing the covered area of the detection zone.
  • the air from the monitored environment is drawn through the flow selector 14 and then routed to the central station via the pipes 6.
  • the extinguishing agent is injected into the pipes 6 and circulates to the flow interface connectors 7.
  • the pressurized extinguishing agent remains blocked in the flow interface connectors 7 due to the obstruction of the sprayers 12 by the thermosensitive bulbs 301.
  • the obstruction element 30 comprises a plurality of plugs 302.
  • the extinguishing agent is injected into the pipes 6.
  • the pressurized extinguishing agent expels the 302 plugs and is sprayed into the protected environment.
  • a link can connect the caps 302 to the sprayer 12 so that they can be reused after the system is triggered.
  • the obstruction element 30 has a cap 303 covering the sprayer 12.
  • the pressurized extinguishing agent ejects the cap 303 when injected into the pipes 6, thus being sprayed into the protected environment.
  • a link can connect cap 303 to pipe 6, so that it can be reused after the system is triggered.
  • the fluidic adapter 13 can be made up of two assembled parts, allowing an obstruction disc 304 to be placed between the two parts.
  • the body 15 of the flow selector 14 may include a flow limiter 41.
  • the flow limiter 41 allows a singular pressure loss to be generated in the flow of the fluid between the centralized fire safety station 2 and the monitored environment.
  • This pressure drop is configured to compensate for the regular pressure drops caused by the flow of fluid in pipe 6.
  • the different flow interface connectors 7 are located at different pipeline distances from the central fire safety station 2.
  • the flow rate aspirated through the different flow interface connectors 7 would be different depending on their distance from the centralized fire safety station 2.
  • flow limiters can be located at the flow selectors 14.
  • the rear part 152 may include a rear connecting element 42 having a threaded portion for assembling it to the body 15 of the flux selector 14.
  • a positioning element 43 is located in this rear connecting element 42 so as to position the flow limiter 41 in the rear connecting element 42, the flow limiter 41 then being held in position when the rear connecting element 42 is assembled to the body 15.
  • the front part 151 includes an assembly element 44, in this specific case a threaded fitting, configured to connect the body 15 of the flow selector 14 to the fluidic adapter 13.
  • the rear part 152 of the flow selector 14 may also include an air capture nozzle 45, assembled to the rear connection element 42 by a quick plug 46 at its end in interface with the monitored medium.
  • the 45 air capture nozzle can be straight or have an upward or downward angled bend.
  • the choice of the orientation of the air capture nozzle 45 depends on the configuration of the respective orientations of the airflows and the flow selector 14.
  • a flow selector 14 placed horizontally in an enclosure in which the air circulates by natural convection will have an air capture nozzle 45 angled downwards, so that the air flows naturally towards the flow selector 14.
  • a flow selector 14 located in a ventilated environment in which the air moves in a given direction, will have an air capture nozzle 45 oriented so that its orifice is located facing the direction of airflow.
  • the quick grip 46 comprises a fixed element 47, a retractable element 48 and a movable obstacle 49.
  • the retractable element 48 cooperates with the fixed element 47 so as to move the movable obstacle 49 according to the position of the retractable element 48, allowing the air capture nozzle 45 to be put and held in position relative to the fixed element 47.
  • the fixed element 47 comprises a front portion 50, a central portion 51, a rear portion 52, and a cavity 53 passing through the fixed element from one side to the other.
  • the front portion 50 includes assembly elements 54, for example a thread, so as to ensure its assembly to the rear connecting element 42.
  • the rear portion 52 is generally cylindrical, and has a diameter smaller than the central portion 51.
  • the rear portion has holes configured to position the movable obstacle 49, allowing only radial movement of the latter.
  • the retractable element 48 extends concentrically to the rear portion 52 externally to it.
  • the retractable element 48 has a cylindrical external profile, its internal profile comprising, from front to back, a skirt 481, a shoulder 482, a narrow cylindrical bearing surface 483, a conical portion 484, a wide cylindrical bearing surface 485, and a stop 486.
  • An elastic element 55 is compressed between the central portion 51 of the fixed element 47 and the shoulder 482 of the retractable element 48, thereby opposing the forward movement of the retractable element 48.
  • the skirt 481 is configured to cover this elastic element 55 regardless of the position of the retractable element 48 relative to the fixed element 47.
  • the narrow cylindrical span 483, the conical portion 484 and the wide cylindrical span 485 are configured to radially move the movable obstacle 49 when moving forward or backward the retractable element 48.
  • the movable obstacle 49 may include a series of balls housed in the holes in the rear portion 52 of the fixed element 47.
  • the movable obstacle 49 moves radially outwards to position itself against the wide cylindrical span 485.
  • the stop 486 limits the axial forward movement of the retractable element 48 by coming into contact with the movable obstacle 49.
  • the movable obstacle 49 therefore has an internal diameter configured to allow the insertion or removal of the air capture nozzle 45 in the fixed element 47.
  • the conical portion 484 radially displaces the movable obstacle 49 inwards to place it against the narrow cylindrical bearing 483.
  • the movable obstacle 49 cooperates with a groove 451 made in the air capture nozzle 45 so as to achieve the assembly of the fixed element 47 and the air capture nozzle 45.
  • the flow interface connector 7 sprayer 12 and the air capture nozzle 42 can be connected to the flow selector 14 via flexible hoses.
  • the sprayer 12 is connected to the flow interface connector 7 via a braided hose 56 configured to withstand high pressures.
  • the air capture nozzle 45 can be connected to the flow selector 14 via a flexible hose 57.
  • the fire safety device 1 described is implemented by a process comprising several modes of operation.
  • a first mode controls the fire safety device 1 so as to draw air from the environment to be protected through the flow interface connectors 7 to the central fire safety station 2, via the pipes 6.
  • the air samples are checked by the smoke detector 5 and the gas detector 4, then returned to the medium via the reflux line 36.
  • a step is taken to isolate the gas detection devices 4 and smoke detection devices 5, in order to avoid injecting pressurized extinguishing agent into them.
  • the safety logic module 34 controls the switching of the solenoid valves 35, breaking the fluidic communication between the first branch of piping 61 and the gas detectors 4 and smoke detectors 5.
  • the switching of the solenoid valves 35 puts the gas detection devices 4 and smoke detection devices 5 into fluidic communication with the neutral intake line 37 and the secondary exhaust line 38.
  • the extinguishing agent for example a water/nitrogen mixture, flows through the pipes 6 to the flow interface connectors 7.
  • the flow selector 14 blocks the flow of the extinguishing agent via port 170 beyond a pressure exceeding a certain threshold, here being 8 bars, and allows this flow via the sprayer 12.
  • the gas and smoke detection device isolation step is activated as soon as this mode is active.
  • This mode allows an operator to manually inject pressurized gas from a quick fitting 32, located in the central fire safety station 2, via a pressure regulator with relief valve and non-return valve which allows the flow of air fluid in one direction only, allowing, in the pipes 6 at a pressure lower than the threshold pressure of the flow selectors 14, so as to eject dust and particles from the pipes 6.
  • the dust removal from the flow selectors 14 requires that the purge valves 8 be closed.
  • a non-return valve 33 prevents the pressurized unclogging flow from flowing back into the extinguishing agent tank 3.
  • the safety logic module 34 controls the closing of the solenoid valves 35 in order to isolate the gas detection systems 4 and smoke detection systems 5 and thus prevents pressurized gas from rising into the detection systems.
  • the safety logic module 34 causes the switching of the solenoid valves 35 and thus puts the gas detection systems 4 and smoke detection systems 5 into fluidic communication with the neutral intake line 37 and the secondary exhaust line 38.
  • This mode allows in particular the cleaning of the pipes 6 after an activation of the fire protection mode, the waste being evacuated to the purge boxes 8.
  • a detection stage during which the fire safety device 1 draws air from the module 10 through the flow selectors 14 of the flow interface connectors 7, the air then being routed through the pipes 6 to the smoke detectors 5 and gas detectors 4 in the central fire safety station 2, the air being analyzed by the smoke detectors 5 and gas detectors 4.
  • a fire protection step triggered by the detection of smoke in the air analyzed in the centralized fire safety station 2, during which the smoke detector(s) 5 causes the injection of an extinguishing agent into the pipes 6, from the centralized fire safety station 2 to the flow interface connectors 7.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) für das Volumens eines Gehäuses, umfassend
    - mindestens einen Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7), der in das Volumen des Gehäuses mündet,
    - Mittel zur Probenentnahme von Rauch und/oder Gas aus dem Volumen des Gehäuses,
    - eine zentrale Brandschutzstation (2) mit einem Löschmittelbehälter, einem Rauchmelder (5) und einem Gasmelder (4), die mit den Rauch- und/oder Gasprobenentnahmemitteln verbunden sind, und Mitteln zum Einspritz des Löschmittels unter Druck,
    - Fluidverbindungsmittel, die sich zwischen dem Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) und der zentralen Station (2) erstrecken,
    wobei die Fluidverbindungsmittel eine einzige Rohrleitung (6) umfassen, um Folgendes zu gewährleisten:
    - einerseits der Fluidtransfer zwischen den Rauch- und/oder Gasprobenentnahmemitteln im Volumen des Gehäuses und dem Rauchmelder (5) und dem Gasmelder (4), die in der zentralen Brandschutzstation (2) platziert sind, und
    - andererseits der Löschmitteltransfer vom Löschmittelbehälter (3) zum Durchflusssschnittstellenanschluss (7),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Sprühvorrichtung für den Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (12),
    - einen Fluidadapter (13) für die Sprühvorrichtung, der die Sprühvorrichtung (12) mit der Rohrleitung (6) verbindet, und
    - die Mittel zur Probenentnahme von Rauch und/oder Gas aus dem Gehäuse, wobei diese Mittel einen Durchflussregler (14) umfassen, der mit dem Fluidadapter (13) für die Sprühvorrichtung oder der Rohrleitung (6) verbunden ist, wobei der Durchflussregler (14) so konfiguriert ist, dass er in einer offenen Position ist, die den Durchlass von Fluiden durch den Durchflussregler (14) zwischen dem Volumen des Gehäuses und der zentralen Brandschutzstation (2) ermöglicht, oder in einer geschlossenen Position ist, die den Durchla,ss von Fluiden durch den Durchflussregler (14) blockiert.
  2. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die zentrale Station (2) mindestens zwei Rohrleitungszweige umfasst, wobei ein erster Zweig (61) ein Rückschlagventil (33) und einen Behälter (3) mit unter Druck stehendem Löschmittel umfasst, wobei ein zweiter Zweig (62) ein Zwei-Wege-Ventil (31), den Gasmelder (4) und den Rauchmelder (5) umfasst, wobei das Zwei-Wege-Ventil (31) so konfiguriert ist, dass es die Zirkulation von Fluid in beide Richtungen ermöglicht und die Zirkulation von Fluid in eine Richtung blockiert, wenn dessen Druck einen bestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet.
  3. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) mindestens ein Blockierelement (30) aufweist, das so konfiguriert ist, dass es die Sprühvorrichtung (12) des Durchflussschnittstellenanschlusses (7) verschließt, solange bestimmte physikalische Größen, denen das Blockierelement (30) unterliegt, einen bestimmten Schwellenwert nicht erreichen.
  4. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Blockierelement (30) mindestens einen Stopfen (302) oder eine Kappe (303) umfasst, die so konfiguriert sind, dass sie durch den Druck, der beim Einspritzen des Löschmittels auf sie ausgeübt wird, ausgestoßen werden.
  5. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) automatisch ist und das Blockierelement (30) mindestens einen temperaturempfindlichen Kolben (301) umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er platzt und das Löschmittel freisetzt, wenn er einer vordefinierten Temperatur ausgesetzt wird.
  6. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Durchflussregler (14) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine vordere Rohrleitung (18),
    - eine hintere Rohrleitung (19),
    - einen vorderen Anschluss (160),
    - einen hinteren Anschluss (170)
    die durch die vordere Rohrleitung (18) und die hintere Rohrleitung (19) in Fluidverbindung stehen, und
    - eine zentrale Kammer (20),
    wobei die Rohrleitungen (18, 19) in die zentrale Kammer (20) münden, wobei die zentrale Kammer (20) ein Ventil (21) umfasst, das mit einem elastischen Element (25) verbunden ist, das auf einem hinteren axialen Anschlag (26) an einem der Anschlüsse (16, 17) aufliegt, wobei das elastische Element (25) eine Rückstellkraft ausübt, die dazu dient, das Ventil (21) von der Öffnung (16, 17) wegzubewegen, an der das elastische Element (25) aufliegt, wobei das elastische Element (25) so konfiguriert ist, dass es über ein bestimmtes Druckniveau hinweg komprimiert wird, das von einem Fluid auf das Ventil (21) in die Kompressionsrichtung des elastischen Elements (25) ausgeübt wird, wodurch die Blockierung einer der Rohrleitungen (18, 19) durch das Ventil (21) bewirkt wird und der Durchlass des Fluids durch den Durchflussregler (14) unterbrochen wird.
  7. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 6, wobei der vordere Anschluss (160) mit dem Fluidadapter (13) des Durchflussschnittstellenanschlusses (7) oder direkt mit der Rohrleitung (6) verbunden ist, der hintere Anschluss (170) mit dem Medium außerhalb der Vorrichtung verbunden ist, wobei der hintere Anschluss (170) den hinteren axialen Anschlag (26) aufweist, der es dem elastischen Element (25) ermöglicht, sich abzustützen, wobei das Ventil (21) so konfiguriert ist, dass es den Durchflussregler (14) verschließt, wenn der Druck in der Rohrleitung (6) einen bestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet.
  8. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Durchflussregler (14) einen Durchflussbegrenzer (41) umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er einen Druckverlust in einer Strömung eines Fluids zwischen der zentralen Brandschutzstation (2) und dem Volumen des Gehäuses erzeugt.
  9. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, wobei das Ventil (21) zylindrisch geformt ist und Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Seitenwand (23),
    - einen Boden (24), an dem das elastische Element (25) befestigt ist,
    - einen zylindrischen Blindhohlraum (22),
    - eine Vielzahl von seitlichen Bohrungen (28), die seine Seitenwand (23) durchqueren und den Blindhohlraum (22) und die zentrale Kammer (20) des Durchflussreglers (14) in Fluidverbindung bringen,
    und dass die Seitenwand (23) des Ventils (21) mit der vorderen Rohrleitung (18) zusammenwirkt, so dass, wenn das Ventil (21) in der geöffneten Position ist, das Fluid nur durch die seitlichen Bohrungen (28) des Ventils (21) fließen kann, um von der hinteren Öffnung (170) zur vorderen Öffnung (160) zu zirkulieren, und wenn das Ventil (21) in der geschlossenen Position ist, es die hintere Rohrleitung (19) des Durchflussreglers (14) verschließt, so dass der Transfer von Fluiden zwischen dem vorderen (160) und dem hinteren (170) Anschluss und umgekehrt blockiert wird.
  10. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, wobei die zentrale Station (2) ferner einen sekundären Rohrleitungszweig umfasst, wobei dieser sekundäre Rohrleitungszweig einen Schnellanschluss (32) umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er die Einspritzung von Druckgas von außerhalb der zentralen Station (2) in die Rohrleitungen (6) ermöglicht, wobei das Rückschlagventil (31) so konfiguriert ist, dass es verhindert, dass ein Fluid entlang des ersten Zweigs (61) von Hauptrohrleitungen zum Löschmittelbehälter (3) zurückfließt.
  11. Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) eine Vielzahl von Schutzleitungen (11) umfasst, die mit der zentralen Station (2) verbunden sind, wobei jede Schutzleitung (11) eine einzige Rohrleitung (6) umfasst, wobei die Rohrleitung (6) eine Rohrleitung ist, an der eine Vielzahl von Durchflussschnittstellenanschlüssen (7) montiert sind.
  12. Modulare Einheit, die mit einer Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ausgestattet ist, wobei die modulare Einheit eine Vielzahl von Modulen (10) umfasst, wobei jedes Modul (10) mindestens einen Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) umfasst, und dass zwei Durchflussschnittstellenanschlüsse (7) desselben Moduls (10) nicht zur gleichen Schutzleitung (11) gehören.
  13. Brandschutzverfahren für mindestens ein Gehäuse mittels einer Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei Schritte umfasst:
    - einen Detektionsschritt, bei dem die Brandschutzvorrichtung (1) die im Gehäuse (10) enthaltene Luft durch den oder die Durchflussregler (14) des oder der Durchflussschnittstellenanschlüsse (7) ansaugt, wobei die Luft anschließend durch die zugehörige Rohrleitung (6) zu einem Rauch- (5) und/oder Gasmelder (4) in der zentralen Station (2) geleitet wird, wobei die Luft dort vom Rauch- (5) und/oder Gasmelder (4) analysiert wird;
    - einen Brandschutzschritt, der durch die Detektion von Rauch in der analysierten Luft in der zentralen Station (2) ausgelöst wird, wobei der Gas-(4) und/oder Rauchmelder (5) die Einspritzung eines Löschmittels in die Rohrleitung (6) von der zentralen Station (2) bis zum Durchflussschnittstellenanschluss (7) bewirkt.
EP18782645.8A 2017-09-15 2018-09-14 Kombiniertes brandschutzsystem zur früherkennung von rauch und gas und brandschutz Active EP3681606B1 (de)

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FR1758582A FR3071165B1 (fr) 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 Systeme de securite incendie combine pour la detection precoce de fumee, gaz et la protection incendie
PCT/EP2018/074972 WO2019053231A1 (fr) 2017-09-15 2018-09-14 Systeme de securite incendie combine pour la detection precoce de fumee, gaz et la protection incendie

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CN110853286A (zh) * 2019-12-02 2020-02-28 扬州万邦电子有限公司 一种船舶用烟雾报警器、报警系统及其报警方法
CN112909360B (zh) * 2021-01-28 2022-06-10 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 一种轮询抽取式集装箱储能热失控检测方法及消防装置

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GB1465524A (en) * 1974-01-23 1977-02-23 Nat Res Dev Fire protection systems
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WO2009132702A1 (de) * 2008-04-29 2009-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Detektion von rauch und/oder bestimmten gasen mittels einer auch für andere zwecke installierten rohrleitung

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MA50244A (fr) 2020-07-22
FR3071165B1 (fr) 2023-01-27

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