EP3673226A1 - Mid-body marking projectile - Google Patents
Mid-body marking projectileInfo
- Publication number
- EP3673226A1 EP3673226A1 EP18848229.3A EP18848229A EP3673226A1 EP 3673226 A1 EP3673226 A1 EP 3673226A1 EP 18848229 A EP18848229 A EP 18848229A EP 3673226 A1 EP3673226 A1 EP 3673226A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- impact
- marking
- mid
- frangible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 2,4-dinitro-6-(octan-2-yl)phenyl (E)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC(=O)\C=C\C NIOPZPCMRQGZCE-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000994 contrast dye Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010034701 Peroneal nerve palsy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000002747 omentum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
- F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
- F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
- F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
- F42B8/16—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact containing an inert filler in powder or granular form
Definitions
- a training cartridge would have to survive a standard five-foot drop test: however, in the interest of reducing costs the Army waived the drop requirement supporting fielding of the M781, as the M781 dropped on a hard surface had a propensity to break open and spill the marking chalk from the ogive. Appearing in the early 1990s, 40mm AGL/s like the MK 19, MK47, Santa Barbara 40mm, H&K 40mm provided users with exceptional firepower, firing a 40mm projectile to a distance of two kilometers.
- Nico Pyrotechnik GmbH & Co Kg developed a high velocity 40mm cartridge with a nose mounted marker.
- This Nico design depicted in WO 2005/098345 A8 was able to survive a typical rough handling test, as the cartridge included a useful internal container to insure marking powder did break and spill encapsulated marking powder into the weapon during feeding.
- This cartridge entered service with the US Marine Corps and USSOCOM with the nomenclature MK281 MOD 0, Nico, having been purchased by Rheinmetali, then incorporating useful chemiluminescent markers using technology taught in US 6,619,21 1, RE40482 and US 6,990,905 and WO
- the cartridge incorporating a marking projectile that affords gunners with a visual impact cue to identify the location of a projectile's impact.
- the cartridge survives typical drop testing and can function in a machine gun or cannon.
- impact forces act on the projectile body inducing a wall failure that expels marking powder into the atmosphere.
- the projectile's break up on impact, reduce the risk of ricochet.
- the new product provides for a marker that will function in most terminal conditions, without producing UXO.
- the design incorporates a base with a substantial mass that, at the moment of impact, harvests the forward inertia of the mass in the base, the mass compressing a mid-body component that encapsulates a marking powder.
- the walls will normally have adequate strength allowing the cartridge to survive typical drop tests. These drop tests reflect user requirements that a cartridge remain intact when being transported and handled in a military environment.
- the design includes a robust metal nose, providing a feature that allows for a projectile to pass a typical 5 foot drop test.
- the design must establish a center of gravity in the projectile affording a good match to operational cartridges.
- the preferred design may include a steel nose.
- the designer can utilize an aluminum nose.
- a cartridge may have to function in sever compression.
- a MK19 MOD 3 40mm AGL will induce significant tension and compression on the cartridge when the weapon delinks the projectile from the ammunition belt and the cartridge undergoes compression when the bolt and extractors force the cartridge forward in the MK19s base feeder.
- a 40mm AGL projectile utilizing a mid-body marker design must insure the mid-body wall provides requisite strength for feeding, and break on impact.
- Marker and Marker Ejection Advantageously at impact, shear forces, rotational forces and collapsing mid boy walls, all act on the powder to eject the marker into the atmosphere.
- the marking powder is a low density material that includes pigmentation or dyes that provide a strong contrast with the colors in the ambient environment.
- the marking powder is ejected in a pattern from the mid-body, such that the ejected material is buoyed in the atmosphere proximate to the impact and and perpendicular to the projectiles axis of rotation.
- Figures 1 A-8C depicts embodiments of the cartridge configuration in 30mm, 40mm and 105mm projectiles.
- Figure 1A depicts 30mm gun fired cartridges (2) with driving bands (42).
- a cartridge case (4) encloses propellant powder (8).
- Figure IB depicts 40mm gun fired cartridges (2) with driving bands (42).
- a cartridge case (4) encloses propellant powder (8).
- Figure 1 C depicts 105mm (tank) gun cartridges (2) with driving bands (42).
- a cartridge case (4) encloses propellant powder (8).
- Figure 2A depict a 30mm cartridge (2) configured in a belt of ammunition (6).
- Figure 2B depict a 40mm cartridge (2) configured, connected by a link (5), forming a belt of ammunition (6).
- Figure 3A depicts a 30mm projectile (10) incorporated into a cartridge case (4).
- Figure 3B depicts a 40mm projectile (10) and cartridge case (4).
- Figure 3C depicts a 105mm tank projectile (10) and a cartridge case (4).
- Figure 4A depicts external and section views of a 30mm marking projectile (10) composed of three principle components - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base (40).
- Figure 4B depicts external and section views of a 40mm marking projectile (10) composed of three principle components - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base (40),
- Figure 4C depicts external and section views of a 105mm marking projectile (10) composed of three principle components - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base (40).
- Figure 5A depict an exploded view of a 30mm marking projectile (10) and the principle elements - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base (40),
- Figure 5B depict an exploded view of a 40mm marking projectile (10) and the principle elements - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base (40),
- Figure 5C depict an exploded view of a 105mm marking projectile (10) and the principle elements - a nose cap (20), marking body (30) and a metallic, non-frangible projectile base.
- the base may also include a tracer assembly (46) or tracer element (48), the tracer providing a visual cue of the projectile's flight path.
- Figure 5D depicts and exploded view of a 105mm marking projectile (10), the principle elements (20,30 and 40) and an exploded view of the marking body (30) including a pusher plate (36), and a base including a driving band (42) affixed to a non-frangible body (44), tracer assembly (46) and tracer element (48).
- Figure 6A-6C depict metallic nose caps (20) for 30mm, 40mm and 105mm projectiles
- Figure 7A-7B depict mid body marking bodies fabricated from a frangible body (32) and encapsulating a marking powder (34).
- Figure 7C Depicts components in a 105mm marking body including a frangible body (32), Contained marking powder (34) and a pusher plate (36).
- Figure 8A-8B depict the non-frangible base preferably produced from a dense metal and incorporates a driving band (42).
- Figure 8C depicts the non-frangible body (44) with driving band (42).
- Figure 9 A depicts the trajectory and impact angle of 30mm x 1 13 projectiles fired from a helicopter firing at targets from 500-2500 meters.
- the table below the diagram (altitude versus range) identifies the impact angle of 30mm projectiles at various ranges.
- Figure 9B depicts the trajectory and impact angle of 40mm x 53 projectiles fired from a ground position at ranges for 500 - 1500 meters.
- the table below the diagram identified the impact angle of the 40mm projectile.
- Figure 10A - 10F illustrate the impact function of the projectile, where iranslational momentum and inertia (124), coupled with rotational moment and inertia (128) and impact shear forces (130), incident to impact, produce wall compression (66), wall tension (68) and shear forces (130) the cause the frangible body to fracture (76) ejecting the marking material perpendicular to iranslational (linear momentum and inertia) vector (124) in various impact angles (56), surface angles (58) with various trajectories (52, 54) usable in most training environments.
- Figure 10A depicts the impact angle (56) of a 30mm projectile impacting on a surface (58) with a residual travel vector (62) and the projectile's center of gravity (64), and forward m omentum (124) at the moment of impact.
- Figure 10B 1 and 10B2 depicts a 30mm projectile's travel vector (62) when impact on the surface (58) milliseconds after the moment of impact, where the forward momentum (124) creates areas of compression (66) and tension (68) in the projectile's mid body.
- Figure IOC depict a 105mm projectile's iranslational (Linear) Momentum and Inertia Vector (124), milliseconds after impact on an upright angular surface, with an impact angle (56) marking material ejected perpendicular to the translational (Linear) moment and inertia vector (72), decelerating in the atmosphere becoming momentarily suspended in the atmosphere (74).
- Figure 10D depicts the body fracture (70) caused when the forward momentum (124) and impact shear force (130) produced by the impact on a surface (58).
- Figure 10E depicts a 30mm projectile, at the moment of impact, where rotational inertia (128 A) of the base (40), is different than the marking body (30) rotational inertia (128B) and the nose cap's rotational inertia (128C).
- the differing inertias at impact impart torsional loads that tear the mid body marker apart with a twisting action, the broken body wall, with residual rotation, releasing and ejecting marking material (72) into the atmosphere.
- Figure 11 A-F illustrate modes of function fire for a 40mm cartridge function fired from a M 19 weapon system.
- Figure 11 A depict the feeding cycle of an open bolt MK19 40mm AGL.
- a weapon's feeding system that normally includes a bolt (92) and a barrel (94).
- the bolt is released and a compressed spring releases the bolt (1 0) forward to the closed bolt position depicted in Figure 11C.
- the linked cartridge (6) is in a compressed position (120, 122).
- the bolt's extractors de-link the cartridge
- the process of "feeding" a weapon may include extraction of the cartridge (2) from the linked ammunition belt (6).
- the process of feeding induces compression (120) and tension (112) requiring the entire cartridge remains intact prior to function fire.
- the projectile (10) at cartridge ignition, moves through the barrel (94), and the lands and grooves in the barrel (not depicted) engrave the projectile's driving band (42) inducing rotation of the projectile (10), said projectile (10) remaining assembled acting as a unitary body, with the base (40) inducing rotation on the frangible marking body (30), which in turn, induces spin on the nose (20).
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762549596P | 2017-08-24 | 2017-08-24 | |
PCT/US2018/047960 WO2019040873A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2018-08-24 | Mid-body marking projectile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3673226A1 true EP3673226A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
EP3673226A4 EP3673226A4 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
Family
ID=70803011
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18848229.3A Pending EP3673226A4 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2018-08-24 | Mid-body marking projectile |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3673226A4 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB122128A (en) * | 1918-06-27 | 1919-01-16 | Audley Hart Stow | Gassing Shells for use as Bombs or Projectiles. |
GB7935724D0 (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 2001-12-05 | Secr Defence | Projectile for firing from a cartridge |
US20080178758A1 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2008-07-31 | Kapeles John A | Frangible non-lethal projectile |
US8813652B2 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2014-08-26 | Amtec Corporation | Pyrophoric projectile |
-
2018
- 2018-08-24 EP EP18848229.3A patent/EP3673226A4/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3673226A4 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
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