EP3663253B1 - Chariot de manutention à commande électrique - Google Patents

Chariot de manutention à commande électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3663253B1
EP3663253B1 EP19212025.1A EP19212025A EP3663253B1 EP 3663253 B1 EP3663253 B1 EP 3663253B1 EP 19212025 A EP19212025 A EP 19212025A EP 3663253 B1 EP3663253 B1 EP 3663253B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
industrial truck
hydraulic
hydraulic fluid
hydraulic liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19212025.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3663253A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Hübner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STILL GmbH
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STILL GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3663253A1 publication Critical patent/EP3663253A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically, in particular battery-powered, industrial truck with at least one electrical unit that can be operated as a generator and is electrically connected to at least one electrical resistor for converting electrical energy into heat energy, and with a working and/or Control hydraulics, which has a hydraulic fluid circuit, with the electrical resistance being in operative connection with the hydraulic fluid circuit for transferring the thermal energy to the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit, with the electrical unit being formed by an electric drive motor of the industrial truck, and with the industrial truck having a traction battery which is electrically connected to the electrical unit and to the electrical resistance.
  • Electrically operated industrial trucks can have internal combustion engine-electric or battery-electric drive systems.
  • electrical units are coupled to the internal combustion engine.
  • at least one electrical generator is provided, which is driven by an internal combustion engine.
  • the electrical energy generated by the generator is forwarded by means of power electronics to one or more electric traction motors, which are in driving connection with the driven wheels of the industrial truck.
  • Such industrial trucks are braked as a generator.
  • the drive motor or motors are operated as generators, which convert the kinetic energy of the industrial truck into electrical energy during the braking phase.
  • this electrical energy is supplied to the generator, which operates as a motor in this operating state.
  • a here acting on a rotor of the generator torque is based on a crankshaft of the engine, whereby the speed of the internal combustion engine increases. This results in increased noise generation by the combustion engine and also increased mechanical wear.
  • the electrical units are electrically connected to a traction battery.
  • the electrical energy made available by the traction battery is forwarded by means of power electronics to one or more electric traction motors, which are in driving connection with the driven wheels of the industrial truck.
  • Regenerative braking of the industrial truck is also common in industrial trucks with battery-electric drive systems.
  • the drive motor or motors are operated as generators, which convert the kinetic energy of the industrial truck into electrical energy during the braking phase. This electrical energy is fed back into the traction battery. In this way, braking energy can be recovered, which is generally referred to as recuperation.
  • the hydraulic fluid circuit is often also specially filled with a hydraulic fluid of low viscosity.
  • the CN 203 580 677 U discloses a generic battery-powered industrial truck with a lithium-ion battery that supplies an electric traction motor, an electric steering motor and an electric pump motor.
  • the battery also powers a heating resistor that heats the oil in the hydraulic tank. Depending on the temperature of the hydraulic oil, the heating resistor can be energized.
  • the present invention is based on the object of designing an industrial truck of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that vehicle safety and the functionality of the working and/or control hydraulics are ensured even at low operating temperatures.
  • an electronic vehicle control device which is in operative connection with the electric traction motor, the traction battery and a temperature sensor in the hydraulic fluid circuit and feeds the electrical energy generated in the electric traction motor when the industrial truck brakes electrically into the Traction battery and / or allows in the electrical resistance depending on the state of charge of the traction battery and allows energization of the electrical resistance with energy from the traction battery depending on the temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the electrical resistance is in operative connection with the hydraulic fluid circuit for the transmission of thermal energy to the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit.
  • the recuperation energy generated when braking the industrial truck due to the generator operation of the electric traction motor(s), which cannot be absorbed by a cold and/or fully charged traction battery, for example, can be reliably dissipated with the electrical resistance. This ensures that the industrial truck is safe to drive under all operating conditions.
  • the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit can be heated up in a targeted manner by means of the electrical resistance in order to avoid the operating and wear problems that occur at low ambient temperatures due to the high viscosity of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the electrical resistance By heating up the cold hydraulic fluid with the electrical resistance, all hydraulic functions are fully available more quickly.
  • the electrical resistor thus has the function of a braking resistor, with which the electrical energy generated when the industrial truck brakes in generator mode of the traction motor(s) can be absorbed, and the function of a heating resistor, with which the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit can be heated at low ambient temperatures can.
  • the electrical resistance thus forms a combined heating/braking resistance.
  • the invention is suitable both for industrial trucks with an internal combustion engine-electric drive system and for industrial trucks with a battery-electric drive system.
  • the electrical resistance arranged in the hydraulic fluid circuit can reliably dissipate the excess energy generated when the industrial truck brakes and at the same time the hydraulic fluid of the working and/or control hydraulics of the industrial truck can be heated to favorable operating temperatures.
  • an electronic vehicle control device is provided according to the invention, which is operatively connected to the electric traction motor, the traction battery and the temperature sensor in the hydraulic fluid circuit.
  • the vehicle control device is designed in such a way that the electrical energy generated in the electric traction motor when the industrial truck is electrically braked is fed into the traction battery and/or into the electrical resistor, depending on the charging status of the traction battery, and the electrical resistor is supplied with energy from the traction battery is carried out depending on the temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the traction battery is a lithium-ion battery.
  • the electrical resistance can be easily operated with electrical energy from the traction battery in order to achieve the function as a heating resistor, with which the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit can be heated at low ambient temperatures.
  • the electrical resistance also achieves the function of the braking resistor, which can absorb the electrical energy generated during braking in generator mode of the electrical unit.
  • the electrical energy generated during the braking phase by the electrical unit operated as a generator, for example the electrical traction motor can be at least partially fed back into the traction battery and the traction battery can thus be charged.
  • Excess energy that cannot be absorbed by the traction battery is supplied to the electrical resistance, which is expediently arranged directly in the hydraulic fluid circuit, and is released to the hydraulic fluid surrounding the electrical resistance in the form of heat energy.
  • An expedient embodiment of the invention is that the electrical resistance is arranged in a hydraulic fluid tank of the hydraulic fluid circuit.
  • the electrical resistance can be retrofitted from the outside in a conventional hydraulic fluid tank.
  • the hydraulic fluid tank is preferably provided with a mounting flange for the electrical resistance.
  • the electrical resistance can also be arranged in a hydraulic line of the hydraulic fluid circuit.
  • the electrical resistance for heat exchange thus comes into contact with the hydraulic fluid of the hydraulic fluid circuit flowing through the hydraulic line.
  • the electrical resistance is arranged in a hydraulic component of the hydraulic fluid circuit, in particular in a hydraulic filter and/or in a hydraulic valve and/or in a hydraulic pump.
  • An arrangement of the electrical resistance in the suction region of a suction filter provided in a hydraulic fluid tank is particularly advantageous. On the one hand, this ensures that the electrical resistance is surrounded on all sides by hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid tank for effective heat exchange and, on the other hand, continuous removal of the excess heat energy is ensured due to the intake flow.
  • the electrical resistance is expediently designed as a resistance coil.
  • This can be, for example, a coiled metal wire through which an electric current flows.
  • This configuration has the advantage that it saves space and can be easily installed both in hydraulic fluid tanks and in hydraulic lines and hydraulic components.
  • the electrical resistance can also be in the form of a circle or a simple loop due to the more generous space available.
  • the temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the hydraulic fluid is provided in the hydraulic fluid circuit and is connected to the electrical control device in Active connection is that allows control of the temperature of the hydraulic fluid by means of energizing the electrical resistance with electricity from the traction battery, which is connected to the electrical resistance.
  • the temperature of the hydraulic fluid can be specifically heated to a desired temperature and/or kept within a predetermined temperature range with the electrical resistor and its function as a heating resistor.
  • An optimum viscosity range for the hydraulic fluid can thus be set. This also makes it easy to heat up the hydraulic fluid at low ambient temperatures, so that the hydraulic functions are fully available in a short time.
  • the electric traction motor is an asynchronous motor.
  • the electric drive motor is operated as a generator and converts the kinetic energy of the truck into electrical energy.
  • the electrical resistance integrated in the hydraulic fluid circuit with its function as a braking resistor, the electrical energy generated by the traction motor operated as a generator can be released as thermal energy into the hydraulic fluid with little construction effort and without additional space requirements.
  • the invention offers a whole range of advantages: With the help of the invention, faster availability of the full range of functions of the cold industrial truck can be achieved. The safety requirement for braking a cold, fully loaded battery-powered vehicle, for example on a ramp, can be guaranteed at low cost.
  • the solution can also be retrofitted and is suitable as an option for series vehicles.
  • the proposed technical solution is inexpensive and solves two problems at the same time. Additional savings result from the elimination of the braking resistor in the traction battery and the elimination of the otherwise necessary special filling with a low-viscosity hydraulic fluid.
  • an industrial truck 1 is shown with a battery-electric drive.
  • the industrial truck 1 is designed as a counterbalanced forklift truck. It turns out that the industrial truck 1 can alternatively be designed as a reach truck or warehouse truck.
  • a traction battery 2 for the electric drive is housed in the industrial truck 1 .
  • At least one electrical unit 3 is electrically connected to the traction battery 2 .
  • the electrical unit 3 is in the form of an electric traction motor 3 which drives at least one drive wheel 4 of the industrial truck 1 .
  • the provided by the traction battery 2 electrical energy is using a in the figure 1 Power electronics, not shown, forwarded to the electric drive motor 3, which is in driving connection with the at least one drive wheel 4 of the industrial truck 1.
  • the traction motor 3 When braking the industrial truck 1 as a generator, the traction motor 3 is operated as a generator, which converts the kinetic energy of the industrial truck 1 into electrical energy during the braking phase. At least part of this electrical energy is fed back into the traction battery 2 . In this way, braking energy can be recovered, ie recuperation.
  • the truck 1 is equipped with a working and control hydraulics, which has a in the figure 1 Hydraulic fluid circuit not shown in detail supplies the control hydraulics of a hydraulic steering of the steered wheels 5 and/or the working hydraulics of a lifting mast 6 with hydraulic fluid.
  • a hydraulic fluid tank 7 is part of the hydraulic fluid circuit figure 1 is in the hydraulic fluid tank 7, an electrical resistor 8 is arranged, which is designed for example as a resistance coil. The electrical resistance 8 is electrically connected to the traction battery 2 and to the electric traction motor 3 .
  • the traction battery 2 is not able to absorb the electrical recuperation energy that arises when the industrial truck 1 is braked due to the generator operation of the electric traction motor 3 .
  • This can be the case in particular with a cold, fully charged traction battery 2 .
  • at least part of the electrical energy generated by the electric traction motor 3 in generator mode is supplied to the electrical resistor 8, which has the function of a braking resistor.
  • the generated in the generator operation of the electric traction motor 3 is electrical energy converted into heat energy and transferred to the surrounding hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid tank 7.
  • the hydraulic fluid circuit is also provided with a temperature sensor 10 with which the temperature of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid circuit can be detected.
  • the electrical resistor 8 also has the function of a heating resistor, with which the hydraulic fluid can be heated when the hydraulic fluid is cold. In its function as a heating resistor, the electrical resistor is operated with electrical energy from the traction battery 2 .
  • the electrical resistor 8 designed as a combined heating and braking resistor, the following two problems that occur at low operating temperatures can be solved simultaneously: On the one hand, the recuperation energy generated when braking the industrial truck 1 and which cannot be absorbed by the cold, fully charged traction battery 2 can be reliably dissipated with the electrical resistor 8 in its function as a braking resistor. This ensures that the industrial truck 1 is safe to drive under all operating conditions.
  • the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid tank 7 can be specifically heated with the electrical resistor 8 in its function as a heating resistor in order to avoid the operating and wear problems occurring at low ambient temperatures due to the high viscosity.
  • the heating of the cold hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic fluid tank 7 with the electrical resistance 8 means that all hydraulic functions are fully available more quickly.
  • an electronic vehicle control device 9 is provided, which is in operative connection with the traction motor 3, the traction battery 2 and the temperature sensor 10 in the hydraulic fluid tank 7.
  • the vehicle control device 9 is designed such that a feed of when the industrial truck 1 is electrically braked in the electric traction motor 3, the electrical energy generated is fed into the traction battery 2 and/or into the electrical resistor 8 depending on the state of charge of the traction battery 2, and the electrical resistor 8 is supplied with electrical energy from the traction battery 2 as a function is carried out based on the temperature of the hydraulic fluid measured at the temperature sensor 10 .
  • the figure 2 shows the hydraulic fluid tank 7 from FIG figure 1 in detail.
  • the hydraulic fluid 11 is located in the hydraulic fluid tank 7 .
  • a fastening flange 12 is mounted on the bottom or on another surface of the hydraulic fluid tank 7 .
  • the electrical resistor 8 can be built into the hydraulic fluid tank 7 by means of the fastening flange 12 .
  • the electrical resistor 8 can be designed as a resistance coil 8a in the form of a coiled metal wire or as a resistance ring 8b in the form of an annular metal wire. In the figure 2 Both variants are shown together for illustration.
  • the electrical resistance 8 is supplied from the outside via electrical supply lines 13 with the electrical recuperation energy in the generator mode of the traction motor 3 or with electrical energy from the traction battery 2 . In the electrical resistor 8, the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy, which is released to the surrounding hydraulic fluid.
  • the electrical resistance 8 designed as a resistance coil 8a is installed in a hydraulic line 14 of the working and/or control hydraulics.
  • the resistance coil 8a is supplied from the outside via electrical supply lines 13 with the electrical recuperation energy when the traction motor 3 is in generator operation or with electrical energy from the traction battery 2 .
  • the hydraulic fluid 11 flowing in the hydraulic line 14 flows around the resistance coil 8a and absorbs the thermal energy emitted by the resistance coil 8a.
  • the figure 4 shows a further embodiment, in which the electrical resistance 8 designed as a resistance coil 8a is mounted in the suction area 16 of a suction filter 15 arranged in the hydraulic fluid tank 7 .
  • the hydraulic fluid 11 in the hydraulic fluid tank 7 is sucked in in the intake area 16 of the suction filter 15 and via an outlet port 17 to a Hydraulic line 18 of the hydraulic circuit released.
  • the resistance coil 8a is supplied from the outside via electrical supply lines 13 with the electrical recuperation energy when the traction motor 3 is in generator operation or with electrical energy from the traction battery 2 .
  • the hydraulic fluid 11 flowing in the suction region 16 of the suction filter 15 flows around the resistance coil 8a and absorbs the thermal energy emitted by the resistance coil 8a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Chariot de manutention (1) à fonctionnement électrique, notamment électrique à batterie, comprenant au moins un groupe électrique (3) qui peut fonctionner en tant que générateur et qui est relié électriquement à au moins une résistance électrique (8) destinée à convertir de l'énergie électrique en énergie thermique, et comprenant une hydraulique de travail et/ou de commande, laquelle possède un circuit de liquide hydraulique, la résistance électrique (8) se trouvant en liaison fonctionnelle avec le circuit de liquide hydraulique pour la transmission de l'énergie thermique au liquide hydraulique (11) du circuit de liquide hydraulique, le groupe électrique (3) étant formé par un moteur de déplacement (3) du chariot de manutention (1) et le chariot de manutention (1) disposant d'une batterie de traction (2), laquelle est reliée électriquement au groupe électrique (3) et à la résistance électrique (8), un dispositif de commande de véhicule électronique (9) étant présent, lequel se trouve en liaison fonctionnelle avec le moteur de déplacement (3) électrique, la batterie de traction (2) et un capteur de température (10) dans le circuit de liquide hydraulique et rend possible une injection, dans la batterie de traction (2) et/ou dans la résistance électrique (8), de l'énergie électrique générée dans le moteur de déplacement (3) électrique lors du freinage électrique du chariot de manutention (1) en fonction de l'état de charge de la batterie de traction (2) ainsi qu'une alimentation électrique de la résistance électrique (8) avec de l'énergie en provenance de la batterie de traction (2) en fonction de la température du liquide hydraulique (11).
  2. Chariot de manutention selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la batterie de traction (2) est une batterie aux ions de lithium.
  3. Chariot de manutention selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique (8) est disposée dans un réservoir à liquide hydraulique (7) du circuit de liquide hydraulique.
  4. Chariot de manutention selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir à liquide hydraulique (7) est pourvu d'une bride de fixation (12) pour la résistance électrique (8).
  5. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique (8) est disposée dans une conduite hydraulique (14) du circuit de liquide hydraulique.
  6. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique (8) est disposée dans un composant hydraulique du circuit de liquide hydraulique, notamment dans un filtre hydraulique et/ou dans une vanne hydraulique et/ou dans une pompe hydraulique.
  7. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique (8) est disposée dans la zone d'aspiration (16) d'un filtre d'aspiration (15) présent dans le réservoir à liquide hydraulique (7).
  8. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique (8) est réalisée sous la forme d'un filament spiralé résistif (8a).
  9. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que dans le circuit de liquide hydraulique se trouve le capteur de température (10), lequel est en liaison fonctionnelle avec le dispositif de commande électrique, qui rend possible une commande de la température du liquide hydraulique (11) au moyen de l'alimentation électrique de la résistance électrique (8) avec du courant en provenance de la batterie de traction, laquelle est reliée électriquement à la résistance électrique (8).
  10. Chariot de manutention selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le moteur de déplacement (3) électrique est un moteur asynchrone.
EP19212025.1A 2018-12-07 2019-11-28 Chariot de manutention à commande électrique Active EP3663253B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018131384.5A DE102018131384A1 (de) 2018-12-07 2018-12-07 Elektrisch betriebenes Flurförderzeug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3663253A1 EP3663253A1 (fr) 2020-06-10
EP3663253B1 true EP3663253B1 (fr) 2023-01-11

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ID=68834941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19212025.1A Active EP3663253B1 (fr) 2018-12-07 2019-11-28 Chariot de manutention à commande électrique

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EP (1) EP3663253B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018131384A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19721526A1 (de) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Still Gmbh Flurförderzeug mit einem elektrischen Aggregat
DE102007053842A1 (de) 2007-11-12 2009-05-14 Still Gmbh Flurförderzeug mit einem Verbrennungsmotor und einem elektrischen Aggregat
CN203580677U (zh) * 2013-10-16 2014-05-07 雷雯 一种冷链电动叉车

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DE102018131384A1 (de) 2020-06-10
EP3663253A1 (fr) 2020-06-10

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