EP3660801B1 - Automated creation of an accident report - Google Patents

Automated creation of an accident report Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3660801B1
EP3660801B1 EP19020658.1A EP19020658A EP3660801B1 EP 3660801 B1 EP3660801 B1 EP 3660801B1 EP 19020658 A EP19020658 A EP 19020658A EP 3660801 B1 EP3660801 B1 EP 3660801B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
accident
mobile terminals
mobile
traffic participant
report
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EP19020658.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3660801A1 (en
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Caroline Grosser
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Giesecke and Devrient Mobile Security GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Mobile Security GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems

Definitions

  • the present invention is aimed at a method for automatically creating an accident report, which allows emergency services to be notified automatically based on a comprehensive accident report and at the same time receive information about a number of people involved.
  • the present invention is aimed at a correspondingly set up system arrangement and at a computer program product with control commands that implement the proposed method.
  • DE 10 2008 028 844 A1 shows a method for driver support using driver assistance systems in which vehicle data and environmental data of the vehicle are evaluated.
  • DE 10 2009 015 513 A1 shows an emergency call unit for a vehicle, a detection unit being provided for detecting a trigger event.
  • DE 10 2011 080107 A1 shows a method for providing information relevant to rescue, with a detection information being provided which provides information about the impending or the occurrence of an accident event.
  • DE 10 2008 039 831 A1 shows an emergency call device for a vehicle for network-based transmission of an emergency call to assistance units.
  • DE 10 2015 010 727 A1 describes a device for emergency monitoring of at least one occupant of a vehicle with at least one detection unit for detecting vital parameters of the occupant and at least one emergency call system coupled to the detection unit for transmitting an emergency call.
  • the detection unit is part of a passenger's own mobile data processing unit.
  • JP 2017 041177 A describes an automatic method for detecting the number of people boarding a means of transport. For this purpose, the number of mobile communication devices of the people boarding is determined.
  • JP 2015 161 977 A describes a vehicle device for detecting a traffic accident of the vehicle. As soon as a traffic accident is detected, a communication link is established with a rescue control center in order to speak to the vehicle occupants.
  • the so-called eCall system which is integrated into vehicles and automatically sends an emergency call in the event of an accident.
  • the disadvantage of the eCall system is that only the emergency call itself is made.
  • a vehicle can be located with regard to its position, with latency times between base stations and the vehicle being calculated. This is how signals are transmitted and it is measured how long the corresponding signal needs from the vehicle to a radio mast. The position determination can be improved by addressing several radio masts.
  • the so-called honeycomb system is known, with individual cellphone masts spanning a cellphone cell, and the corresponding latency times can be used to determine not only which cellphone cell a cellphone subscriber is in, but also their geographic position.
  • a further disadvantage of the prior art is that a comprehensive sensor system has to be provided which, for example, determines the number of motor vehicle occupants, which in the event of an error even results in an incorrect number of people being transmitted.
  • a corresponding seat occupancy recognition is only reserved for luxury class vehicles or must be retrofitted in an expensive and time-consuming manner.
  • a method for automatically creating an accident report for coordinating rescue measures having accident data of a road user being transmitted to a central processing unit, a determination of a number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined physical proximity to the road user, and the creation of an accident report being provided as a function of the determined number of mobile terminals.
  • the proposed method is fully automated, since the people involved can be determined by means of their terminals because they are in a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user involved in the accident.
  • an accident report can be created and automatically transmitted to rescue services.
  • the accident report can e.g. the information that an accident has occurred, the geographical position of the accident and the number of people involved. In this way, personal injury can be estimated and the rescue services can be alerted accordingly.
  • the accident report thus serves to coordinate rescue measures or to provide a suitable number of rescue units.
  • accident data of a road user be transmitted to a central processing unit, as has already been shown in the prior art.
  • the so-called eCall method can be used for this purpose, which, however, is expanded according to the invention.
  • the information is enriched and not only the information is transmitted that an accident has actually occurred or its position, but rather the people involved can be estimated, which conventional methods only use complex technical devices can afford.
  • the position of mobile terminals is determined and consequently the total number of mobile terminals can also be determined.
  • conclusions can be drawn about the people involved based on the number of mobile devices.
  • a person carries a mobile device in the form of a smartphone with them.
  • This mobile device dials into a radio mast and uses a telecommunications infrastructure.
  • the proposed method can thus act on the basis of air interfaces and only an existing telecommunications structure has to be provided and used. Further technical components are not necessary according to the invention. Only the road user needs to have a radio interface, such as that provided by the well-known eCall system.
  • the invention it is proposed to determine a number of mobile terminals that are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user. In this way, empirical values can be entered into the system, which indicate which role a person has when they are in a certain spatial proximity to the road user involved in the accident.
  • a mobile device which is, for example, one meter from the road user involved in the accident, can be assigned to a person who is involved in the accident and may be injured.
  • a mobile device that is two meters away from the road user involved in the accident can either be assigned to an injured occupant or to an assistant.
  • mobile devices are more than two meters away, it can be assumed that these devices are assigned to people who act as helpers and therefore do not need rescue measures themselves. If a person is more than three meters away from the scene of the accident, they are more likely not to be affected themselves and also do not require rescue measures. Based on such values, which are only given as examples, it can consequently be determined how high the number of people involved in an accident is.
  • the predetermined spatial proximity is thus stored in preparatory method steps and can be determined empirically.
  • the experience of rescue workers can be used.
  • several test runs can be carried out and the collected results can be entered back into the system.
  • an artificial intelligence is to be provided, which can be trained by rescue workers.
  • these rescue workers can state how many people were actually involved in an accident, and the system can learn iteratively how to set the spatial values. Patterns can thus be recognized empirically as to how the physical proximity of a mobile terminal device to the road user involved in the accident affects it, and consequently it can be determined within a few iterations whether a mobile terminal device can be assigned to a person involved in an accident or to an assistant.
  • the system is initially configured with estimated values
  • a mobile terminal device concludes that it is a natural person, and the road user is identified using the vehicle electronics. This is how an assignment of the respective end devices to the persons takes place.
  • a person carries exactly one mobile device with them, and according to the invention it is also assumed that a road user involved in an accident operates a reporting system, as is known, for example, from the eCall method.
  • an accident report can be created, which is then automatically sent to the emergency services.
  • the proposed method can also be carried out iteratively in such a way that accident reports are sent within specific time intervals, and thus the movements of the mobile terminals can also be included. If, for example, the position of a mobile terminal device has not changed over a longer period of time, it can then be assumed, for example, that a person who is unable to move is carrying the mobile terminal device with them. Since the mobile end devices or the vehicle electronics are generally used to identify people, it can be assumed that there is also data that is not valid, and an error can therefore be included in the calculations.
  • the proposed method can be configured in such a way that a larger number of rescue units is sent if the number of mobile terminals or persons involved in an accident is not clearly determined. If, for example, the artificial intelligence delivers a value that suggests that there is a high probability that a person has had an accident, it is always assumed in case of doubt that that this person has had an accident. Such behavior can also be learned iteratively using training data.
  • accident data is transmitted by means of an air interface which is set up to execute an eCall.
  • This has the advantage that existing systems, which will be used in future vehicles, can be used and consequently no further unit has to be provided. This means that components that are installed as standard in vehicles can be reused. In addition, it can be assumed that each person carries a mobile device with them and therefore no further sensors are necessary.
  • the proposed method can thus be based on a conventional telecommunications infrastructure that does not require any adjustments.
  • the proposed aspects can only be accomplished by means of a new control of existing components.
  • the accident data includes geographical information. This has the advantage that both the position of the road user involved in an accident can be transmitted, as well as the positions of the mobile terminals that can be assigned to persons involved in the accident. In this way, a map can be drawn in advance, which indicates where people who may be unable to move are located, and the rescue services do not have to search the scene of the accident first.
  • determining the number of mobile terminals includes determining the geographic position of the mobile terminals. This has the advantage that conventional methods are used, which draw conclusions about the geographic location allow position. Satellite-based systems such as GPS are possible for this, or else the well-known positioning system, in which latency times from cell phone masts are used. According to the invention, the geographic positions can also be determined in a fully automated manner and consequently does not imply any further technical effort.
  • determining the number of mobile terminals includes determining a current mobile radio cell of the road user and mobile terminals within this mobile radio cell are taken into account. This has the advantage that it is always clear in which mobile radio cell the road user is located, since he is registered with a corresponding radio mast by means of his on-board electronics. A corresponding subscription profile is typically available to the network operator, and this can provide information about where the road user is located. Since the position of other mobile devices now has to be checked, the number of relevant mobile devices can be limited by only using those mobile devices checked, which are in the same radio cell as the road user. In this way, the computing effort and the data transmission volumes are reduced and the number of mobile terminals to be checked is restricted.
  • the number of mobile terminals is determined iteratively using different predetermined spatial proximity.
  • This has the advantage that different spatial proximity can be identified, and thus different groups of people can be identified. Will for example If the procedure is carried out based on a spatial proximity of one meter, all persons directly involved in the accident can be identified. If the method is carried out in a further iteration in such a way that the spatial proximity is configured at five meters, people can be identified who are obviously helpers but are not directly involved in the accident themselves. If the procedure is now carried out at a spatial proximity of 20 meters, people are identified who are merely witnessing the accident without intervening to help. Consequently, in each iteration it can be determined how people who are present at the scene of an accident behave.
  • participation in the accident is estimated as a function of the physical proximity of a mobile terminal device.
  • artificial intelligence can provide information about which person is involved in an accident and with which role.
  • Estimating is generally the assignment of probabilities to specific events or roles. For example, a numerical value can be specified that determines the probability of a person being involved in the accident as a victim or whether this is an assistant. In this way, a probability can be calculated from data that has already been determined empirically as to whether a specific person needs help or not. This is determined based on the mobile device of the respective person.
  • a request message is sent to the mobile terminals that are located within the predetermined physical proximity to the road user.
  • the people present can provide further information regarding the accident. If an inquiry message remains unanswered, it can be assumed that the person in question is helpless, and the accident report can thus be designed accordingly and then transmitted to the emergency services.
  • health parameters are recorded, which are transmitted with the accident data.
  • Health parameters can be derived since a movement profile of the person can be created using the mobile terminal devices and it can thus be determined, for example, whether a person is not moving and is therefore possibly helpless or unable to move.
  • other components can be used, such as a so-called wearable that measures health parameters.
  • a smart bracelet can be used to measure whether a person has an appropriate heart rate, or sensors from a mobile phone can be used.
  • the accident report thus contains health parameters which enable the situation to be assessed and emergency services to be able to react accordingly.
  • a movement history of the mobile terminals is taken into account when creating the accident report.
  • the mobile phones are analyzed before and after the accident. For example, four people moving at a constant speed along a road and if the movement stops abruptly, it can be assumed that four vehicle occupants were involved in an accident.
  • the movement history at the scene of the accident can be analyzed and it can in turn be determined which person is moving and which person is unable to move.
  • other sensors can be evaluated in the mobile end device, which, for example, record acceleration or vibration.
  • a communication termination of mobile terminals is detected.
  • This has the advantage that a failure of a mobile terminal can be detected and it can thus be estimated whether the mobile terminal is damaged.
  • everyone at the scene of an accident has the same network coverage, and in this respect a loss of communication is an unforeseen event. If the communication abruptly breaks off with a single mobile terminal device, it can be assumed that the terminal device was subjected to increased force or that the mobile terminal device was destroyed, for example due to fire. It is therefore highly probable that the person assigned to the mobile terminal has had an accident and needs help.
  • the accident report that has been created is transmitted to a further mobile terminal device.
  • emergency services can immediately receive an accident report on their mobile device, and other road users in the vicinity of the accident site can also be informed. The other participants are thus warned that there is an accident on a road that they are likely to be driving on, and the other road users can also be asked for help.
  • the created accident report is compared with a manually created accident report. This has the advantage that after each use it can be checked whether the estimated data is valid and, if necessary, it can be readjusted. In a further application, this empirically determined data can then be used and an underlying algorithm learns to assess the role of those involved depending on their position.
  • the object is also achieved by a communication system for automatically creating an accident report for coordinating rescue measures according to claim 13.
  • the object is also achieved by a computer program product with control commands that execute the proposed method or operate the proposed communication arrangement.
  • the proposed method has method steps that can be functionally simulated by the structural features of the communication arrangement or the communication system.
  • the communication system provides structural features that offer a function that the corresponds to the corresponding function of the method steps. Consequently serves the proposed method to operating the proposed communication system, and the proposed communication system can perform the method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a road user, i.e. a passenger vehicle, which has had an accident.
  • the motor vehicle shown has an air interface via which it can communicate with a mobile telecommunications infrastructure.
  • a corresponding mobile phone mast is shown for this purpose.
  • the disadvantage is overcome that only a small amount of data is available when an accident is reported automatically.
  • the eCall system only reports that a bechen People is already an optional feature, so it does not have to be present.
  • step 1 a vehicle sends an eCall after a detected accident. This is done via a connection to an emergency call center. As part of this connection, the exact position (GPS) of the vehicle is transmitted, among other things.
  • GPS exact position
  • Step 2 The mobile base station recognizes this emergency call (or is informed about it by the MNO's downstream exchange) and collects position information from all subscribers in the mobile cell, including the eCall subscription. This means that in addition to the occupants of the vehicle, possible accident victims as well as bystanders in the vicinity of the accident site are also considered. However, not all of these are of interest to the emergency doctor, so a further selection must be made.
  • step 3 This selection is made in step 3, which has several variants.
  • Variant 3a are the mobile devices that are closest in terms of position; these are usually the occupants of the accident vehicle.
  • Variant 3b are mobile devices located in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle in terms of position. This could be an accident victim.
  • Variant 3c are mobile devices located in the wider area of the vehicle due to their position. Usually these are not involved as victims in the accident.
  • step 3 it is also possible in step 3 for the base station to contact the mobile devices that are in the immediate vicinity of the accident site.
  • participants can, for example, install a corresponding app on their mobile phone. This app accepts the request from the base station and returns additional data.
  • a more advanced variant could be the transmission of health information (pulse, blood pressure) that is made available to the smartphone, for example, through a connected wearable.
  • health information pulse, blood pressure
  • the app only sends a warning about possible accident participation to the base station instead of the data.
  • the base station can collect further information by identifying the devices that "disappeared" at the time of the accident. These are devices that were connected to the base station before the accident but have become unavailable since the accident (nor have they left the cellular cell). This indicates severe damage or even destruction of the mobile device and thus an involvement in the accident.
  • FIG. 2 shows a road user on the left, i.e. a vehicle with a communication interface.
  • This vehicle communicates with a server in the emergency center.
  • This is in the present 2 drawn as a database.
  • a mobile phone mast which represents a mobile communication infrastructure.
  • Next to it is a person who is not involved in the accident. On the right is a patient who is injured and needs help.
  • the proposed method is initiated by an accident sensor, which triggers a so-called crash report.
  • This crash report is transmitted to the server, and technical information is also provided provided.
  • the flow of communication continues to the people involved, whereupon the accident data is transmitted to the server in a final step.
  • the individual communications can be encrypted.
  • the exchange of corresponding keys is planned for this purpose.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for automatically creating an accident report for the coordination of rescue measures, having a transmission 100 of accident data of a road user to a central processing unit, with a determination 101 of a number of mobile terminals that are within a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user are located, and the creation 102 of an accident report depending on the determined number of mobile terminals is provided.
  • a general method is not claimed.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung ist auf ein Verfahren zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts gerichtet, welches es ermöglicht, dass Rettungskräfte anhand eines umfangreichen Unfallberichts automatisiert benachrichtigt werden und hierbei gleichzeitig einen Hinweis auf eine Anzahl beteiligter Personen erhalten. Darüber hinaus ist die vorliegende Erfindung auf eine entsprechend eingerichtete Systemanordnung gerichtet sowie auf ein Computerprogrammprodukt mit Steuerbefehlen, welche das vorgeschlagene Verfahren implementieren.The present invention is aimed at a method for automatically creating an accident report, which allows emergency services to be notified automatically based on a comprehensive accident report and at the same time receive information about a number of people involved. In addition, the present invention is aimed at a correspondingly set up system arrangement and at a computer program product with control commands that implement the proposed method.

DE 10 2008 028 844 A1 zeigt ein Verfahren zur Fahrerunterstützung mittels Fahrerassistenzsystemen, bei denen Fahrzeugdaten und Umgebungsdaten des Fahrzeugs ausgewertet werden. DE 10 2008 028 844 A1 shows a method for driver support using driver assistance systems in which vehicle data and environmental data of the vehicle are evaluated.

DE 10 2009 015 513 A1 zeigt eine Notrufeinheit für ein Fahrzeug, wobei eine Detektionseinheit zur Detektion eines Triggerereignisses vorgesehen ist. DE 10 2009 015 513 A1 shows an emergency call unit for a vehicle, a detection unit being provided for detecting a trigger event.

DE 10 2011 080107 A1 zeigt ein Verfahren zur Bereitstellung bergungsrelevanter Informationen, wobei eine Detektionsformation vorgesehen ist, welche über das Bevorstehen oder das Eintreten eines Unfallereignisses informiert. DE 10 2011 080107 A1 shows a method for providing information relevant to rescue, with a detection information being provided which provides information about the impending or the occurrence of an accident event.

DE 10 2008 039 831 A1 zeigt eine Notrufeinrichtung für ein Fahrzeug zum netzwerkbasierten Übermitteln eines Notrufs an Hilfseinheiten. DE 10 2008 039 831 A1 shows an emergency call device for a vehicle for network-based transmission of an emergency call to assistance units.

DE 10 2015 010 727 A1 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zur Notfallüberwachung zumindest eines Insassen eines Fahrzeugs mit zumindest einer Erfassungseinheit zur Erfassung von Vitalparametern des Insassen und zumindest eines mit der Erfassungseinheit gekoppelten Notrufsystems zur Übermittlung eines Notrufs. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Erfassungseinheit Bestandteil einer insasseneigenen mobilen Datenverarbeitungseinheit. DE 10 2015 010 727 A1 describes a device for emergency monitoring of at least one occupant of a vehicle with at least one detection unit for detecting vital parameters of the occupant and at least one emergency call system coupled to the detection unit for transmitting an emergency call. According to the invention, the detection unit is part of a passenger's own mobile data processing unit.

JP 2017 041177 A beschreibt ein automatisches Verfahren zur Erfassung einer Personenanzahl, die in ein Verkehrsmittel einsteigen. Dazu wird die Anzahl der mobilen Kommunikationsgeräte der eingestiegenen Personen ermittelt. JP 2017 041177 A describes an automatic method for detecting the number of people boarding a means of transport. For this purpose, the number of mobile communication devices of the people boarding is determined.

JP 2015 161 977 A beschreibt eine Fahrzeugeinrichtung zur Erkennung eines Verkehrsunfalls des Fahrzeugs. Sobald ein Verkehrsunfall erkannt wird, wird eine Kommunikationsverbindung mit einer Rettungsleitstelle aufgebaut, um mit den Fahrzeuginsassen zu sprechen. JP 2015 161 977 A describes a vehicle device for detecting a traffic accident of the vehicle. As soon as a traffic accident is detected, a communication link is established with a rescue control center in order to speak to the vehicle occupants.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, eine Anzahl von Fahrzeuginsassen anhand einer Sensorik zu erkennen. Hierbei sind in den Sitzen Sitzbelegungssensoren verbaut, die anhand einer Druckeinwirkung detektieren können, ob ein Sitzplatz innerhalb eines Fahrzeugs belegt ist. Generell kann die-se Information in einen Notruf integriert werden, wobei diverse Kraftfahrzeuge jedoch nicht über eine geeignete Sensorik verfügen und somit aufwändig aufgerüstet werden müssen. Zudem ist eine entsprechende Sensorik fehleranfällig und muss ggf. gewartet werden.It is known from the prior art to detect a number of vehicle occupants using a sensor system. Seat occupancy sensors are installed in the seats, which can use pressure to detect whether a seat in the vehicle is occupied. In general, this can Information can be integrated into an emergency call, but various motor vehicles do not have suitable sensors and therefore have to be upgraded at great expense. In addition, a corresponding sensor system is error-prone and may have to be serviced.

Darüber hinaus ist das sogenannte eCall-System bekannt, welches in Fahrzeuge integriert ist und im Falle eines Unfalls automatisiert einen Notruf absetzt. Nachteil bei dem eCall-System ist es, dass lediglich der Notruf an sich abgesetzt wird. Generell kann ein Fahrzeug bezüglich seiner Position geortet werden, wobei Latenzzeiten zwischen Basisstationen und dem Fahrzeug berechnet werden. So werden Signale übermittelt und es wird gemessen, wie lange das entsprechende Signal von dem Fahrzeug bis zu einem Funkmasten benötigt. Die Positionsbestimmung kann hierbei verbessert werden, indem mehrere Funkmasten angesprochen werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist das sogenannte Bienenwabensystem bekannt, wobei einzelne Mobilfunkmasten eine Mobilfunkzelle aufspannen, und anhand der entsprechenden Latenzzeiten kann nicht nur bestimmt werden, in welcher Funkzelle sich ein Mobilfunkteilnehmer befindet, sondern eben auch seine geographische Position.In addition, the so-called eCall system is known, which is integrated into vehicles and automatically sends an emergency call in the event of an accident. The disadvantage of the eCall system is that only the emergency call itself is made. In general, a vehicle can be located with regard to its position, with latency times between base stations and the vehicle being calculated. This is how signals are transmitted and it is measured how long the corresponding signal needs from the vehicle to a radio mast. The position determination can be improved by addressing several radio masts. In this context, the so-called honeycomb system is known, with individual cellphone masts spanning a cellphone cell, and the corresponding latency times can be used to determine not only which cellphone cell a cellphone subscriber is in, but also their geographic position.

Generell ist es ein Nachteil des Stands der Technik, dass lediglich geringe Datenmengen bezüglich eines Unfalls bereitgestellt werden. So ist es jedoch erforderlich, dass Rettungskräfte auch Informationen erhalten, wieviele Personen an einem Unfall beteiligt sind, und dementsprechend müssen Einsatzkräfte planen, wieviele Einsatzfahrzeuge zu dem Unfallort geschickt werden.In general, it is a disadvantage of the prior art that only small amounts of data relating to an accident are provided. However, it is necessary for emergency services to also receive information about how many people are involved in an accident, and emergency services accordingly have to plan how many emergency vehicles are to be sent to the scene of the accident.

So ist es ferner ein Problem der bekannten Verfahren, dass entweder Rettungskräfte manuell telefonisch alarmiert werden und eine angemessene Zahl an Rettungskräften angefordert wird, oder aber auch die Rettungskräfte selbst müssen weitere Einheiten nach dem Antreffen am Unfallort anfordern. So verstreicht jedoch wertvolle Zeit, und es besteht ein Bedarf an einem automatisierten Verfahren, welches automatisiert weitere Informationen bezüglich eines Unfalls in Form eines Unfallberichts bereitstellt.It is also a problem with the known methods that either rescue workers are alerted manually by telephone and an appropriate number of rescue workers is requested, or the rescue workers as well themselves must request further units after arriving at the scene of the accident. However, this wastes valuable time and there is a need for an automated method which automatically provides further information regarding an accident in the form of an accident report.

Ein weiterer Nachteil aus dem Stand der Technik ist es, dass eine umfassende Sensorik bereitgestellt werden muss, welche beispielsweise die Anzahl der Kraftfahrzeuginsassen bestimmt, was in einem Fehlerfall sogar dazu führt, dass eine inkorrekte Anzahl an Personen übermittelt wird. Eine entsprechende Sitzbelegungserkennung ist jedoch insgesamt nur Fahrzeugen der Oberklasse vorbehalten bzw. muss teuer und aufwändig nachgerüstet werden.A further disadvantage of the prior art is that a comprehensive sensor system has to be provided which, for example, determines the number of motor vehicle occupants, which in the event of an error even results in an incorrect number of people being transmitted. However, a corresponding seat occupancy recognition is only reserved for luxury class vehicles or must be retrofitted in an expensive and time-consuming manner.

Folglich ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts vorzuschlagen, welches zuverlässig arbeitet und zudem mit geringem technischen Aufwand verbunden ist. Darüber hinaus ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein entsprechend eingerichtetes Kommunikationssystem vorzuschlagen mitsamt einem Computerprogrammprodukt mit Steuerbefehlen, welche das vorgeschlagene Verfahren implementieren bzw. die vorgeschlagene Kommunikationseinrichtung betreiben.Consequently, it is an object of the present invention to propose an improved method for automatically creating an accident report, which works reliably and is also associated with little technical effort. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to propose a correspondingly set up communication system together with a computer program product with control commands that implement the proposed method or operate the proposed communication device.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is solved with the features of the independent patent claims. Further advantageous configurations are specified in the dependent claims.

Demgemäß wird ein Verfahren zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts zur Koordination von Rettungsmaßnahmen vorgeschlagen, aufweisend ein Übermitteln von Unfalldaten eines Verkehrsteilnehmers an eine zentrale Recheneinheit, wobei ein Bestimmen einer Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten, welche sich innerhalb einer vorbestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden, und ein Erstellen eines Unfallberichts in Abhängigkeit der bestimmten Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten vorgesehen ist.Accordingly, a method for automatically creating an accident report for coordinating rescue measures is proposed, having accident data of a road user being transmitted to a central processing unit, a determination of a number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined physical proximity to the road user, and the creation of an accident report being provided as a function of the determined number of mobile terminals.

Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren läuft vollautomatisiert ab, da die involvierten Personen mittels derer Endgeräte dadurch bestimmt werden können, dass sie sich in einer vorbestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden. Insofern kann ein Unfallbericht erstellt werden und an Rettungskräfte automatisiert übermittelt werden. Der Unfallbericht kann u. a. die Information aufweisen, dass ein Unfall passiert ist, die geographische Position des Unfalls sowie die Anzahl der involvierten Personen. Somit kann ein Personenschaden abgeschätzt werden und die Rettungskräfte können entsprechend alarmiert werden. Somit dient der Unfallbericht der Koordination von Rettungsmaßnahmen bzw. der Bereitstellung einer geeigneten Anzahl von Rettungseinheiten.The proposed method is fully automated, since the people involved can be determined by means of their terminals because they are in a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user involved in the accident. In this respect, an accident report can be created and automatically transmitted to rescue services. The accident report can e.g. the information that an accident has occurred, the geographical position of the accident and the number of people involved. In this way, personal injury can be estimated and the rescue services can be alerted accordingly. The accident report thus serves to coordinate rescue measures or to provide a suitable number of rescue units.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Übermitteln von Unfalldaten eines Verkehrsteilnehmers an eine zentrale Recheneinheit vorgeschlagen, wie dies bereits im Stand der Technik gezeigt ist. Hierzu kann beispielsweise das sogenannte eCall-Verfahren Verwendung finden, welches jedoch erfindungsgemäß erweitert wird. So ist es u. a. ein erfinderischer Beitrag, dass die Informationen angereichert werden und nicht nur die Information übermittelt wird, dass ein Unfall an sich stattgefunden hat bzw. dessen Position, sondern vielmehr können die involvierten Personen abgeschätzt werden, was herkömmliche Verfahren lediglich mit aufwändigen technischen Vorrichtungen leisten können.According to the invention, it is proposed that accident data of a road user be transmitted to a central processing unit, as has already been shown in the prior art. For example, the so-called eCall method can be used for this purpose, which, however, is expanded according to the invention. Among other things, it is an inventive contribution that the information is enriched and not only the information is transmitted that an accident has actually occurred or its position, but rather the people involved can be estimated, which conventional methods only use complex technical devices can afford.

Erfindungsgemäß besteht der Vorteil, dass die Position von mobilen Endgeräten bestimmt wird und insgesamt folglich auch die Anzahl der mobilen Endgeräte ermittelt werden kann. Somit kann von der Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten ein Rückschluss auf die involvierten Personen stattfinden. Typischerweise wird davon ausgegangen, dass eine Person ein mobiles Endgerät in Form eines Smartphones mit sich führt. Dieses mobile Endgerät wählt sich bei einem Funkmasten ein und nutzt eine Telekommunikationsinfrastruktur. Somit kann das vorgeschlagene Verfahren anhand von Luftschnittstellen agieren und es muss lediglich eine bestehende Telekommunikationsstruktur bereitgestellt und genutzt werden. Weitere technische Komponenten sind erfindungsgemäß nicht notwendig. Lediglich der Verkehrsteilnehmer muss über eine Funkschnittstelle verfügen, wie sie beispielsweise das bekannte eCall-System bereitstellt.According to the invention, there is the advantage that the position of mobile terminals is determined and consequently the total number of mobile terminals can also be determined. In this way, conclusions can be drawn about the people involved based on the number of mobile devices. Typically, it is assumed that a person carries a mobile device in the form of a smartphone with them. This mobile device dials into a radio mast and uses a telecommunications infrastructure. The proposed method can thus act on the basis of air interfaces and only an existing telecommunications structure has to be provided and used. Further technical components are not necessary according to the invention. Only the road user needs to have a radio interface, such as that provided by the well-known eCall system.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Bestimmen einer Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten vorgeschlagen, welche sich innerhalb einer vorbestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden. So können Erfahrungswerte in das System eingepflegt werden, welche angeben, welche Rolle einer Person zukommt, wenn sie sich in einer bestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmer befindet.According to the invention, it is proposed to determine a number of mobile terminals that are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user. In this way, empirical values can be entered into the system, which indicate which role a person has when they are in a certain spatial proximity to the road user involved in the accident.

Beispielhaft ist es möglich, einen Fahrer bzw. einen Fahrzeuginsassen des verunfallten Kraftfahrzeugs derart zu erkennen, dass die räumliche Nähe seines mobilen Endgeräts mit der Position des verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmers übereinstimmt. Hierzu ist eine Positionsermittlung erforderlich, welche beispielsweise mittels eines 5G-Telekommunikationsstandards erfolgen kann. Dieser Standard ermöglicht eine sehr genaue Positionsbestimmung, und folglich kann die räumliche Nähe genau abgeschätzt werden. So kann erfindungsgemäß konfiguriert werden, dass ein mobiles Endgerät, welches sich beispielsweise einen Meter von dem verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmer befindet, einer Person zuzuordnen ist, die an dem Unfall beteiligt ist und ggf. verletzt ist. Ein mobiles Endgerät, welches zwei Meter von dem verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmer entfernt ist, kann entweder einem verletzten Insassen zugeordnet werden oder aber einer Hilfskraft. Befinden sich mobile Endgeräte weiter weg als zwei Meter, so ist davon auszugehen, dass diese Endgeräte Personen zuzuordnen sind, die als Hilfskraft auftreten und somit selbst keine Rettungsmaßnahme benötigen. Befindet sich eine Person weiter als drei Meter vom Unfallort entfernt, so ist diese mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht selbst betroffen und benötigt ebenfalls keine Rettungsmaßnahme. Anhand solcher, lediglich beispielhaft angeführter, Werte kann folglich ermittelt werden, wie hoch die Anzahl der verunfallten Personen ist.For example, it is possible to recognize a driver or a vehicle occupant of the motor vehicle involved in an accident in such a way that the physical proximity of his mobile terminal device corresponds to the position of the road user involved in the accident. This requires a position determination, which can be done using a 5G telecommunications standard, for example. This standard enables very accurate position determination and consequently spatial proximity can be accurately estimated. So can be configured according to the invention that a mobile device, which is, for example, one meter from the road user involved in the accident, can be assigned to a person who is involved in the accident and may be injured. A mobile device that is two meters away from the road user involved in the accident can either be assigned to an injured occupant or to an assistant. If mobile devices are more than two meters away, it can be assumed that these devices are assigned to people who act as helpers and therefore do not need rescue measures themselves. If a person is more than three meters away from the scene of the accident, they are more likely not to be affected themselves and also do not require rescue measures. Based on such values, which are only given as examples, it can consequently be determined how high the number of people involved in an accident is.

Die vorbestimmte räumliche Nähe wird somit in vorbereitenden Verfahrensschritten hinterlegt und kann empirisch ermittelt werden. Hierzu kann auf Erfahrungswerte von Rettungskräften zurückgegriffen werden. Darüber hinaus können mehrere Testläufe erfolgen und die gesammelten Ergebnisse können wieder in das System eingepflegt werden. Darüber hinaus ist eine künstliche Intelligenz vorzusehen, welche von Rettungskräften trainiert werden kann. So können diese Rettungskräfte am Ende eines Einsatzes angeben, wieviele Personen tatsächlich verunfallt waren, und das System kann somit iterativ erlernen, wie die räumlichen Werte einzustellen sind. Empirisch können somit Muster erkannt werden, wie sich die räumliche Nähe eines mobilen Endgeräts zu dem verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmer auswirkt, und folglich kann innerhalb von wenigen Iterationen festgestellt werden, ob ein mobiles Endgerät einer verunfallten Person oder einer Hilfskraft zuzuordnen ist. Initial wird das System mit Schätzwerten konfiguriertThe predetermined spatial proximity is thus stored in preparatory method steps and can be determined empirically. For this purpose, the experience of rescue workers can be used. In addition, several test runs can be carried out and the collected results can be entered back into the system. In addition, an artificial intelligence is to be provided, which can be trained by rescue workers. At the end of an operation, these rescue workers can state how many people were actually involved in an accident, and the system can learn iteratively how to set the spatial values. Patterns can thus be recognized empirically as to how the physical proximity of a mobile terminal device to the road user involved in the accident affects it, and consequently it can be determined within a few iterations whether a mobile terminal device can be assigned to a person involved in an accident or to an assistant. The system is initially configured with estimated values

Insgesamt wird also von einem mobilen Endgerät auf eine natürliche Person geschlossen, und der Verkehrsteilnehmer wird anhand der Fahrzeugelektronik erkannt. So erfolgt also eine Zuordnung von den jeweiligen Endgeräten zu den Personen. Generell wird angenommen, dass eine Person genau ein mobiles Endgerät mit sich führt, und erfindungsgemäß wird ferner davon ausgegangen, dass ein verunfallter Verkehrsteilnehmer ein Meldesystem betreibt, wie es beispielsweise aus dem eCall-Verfahren bekannt ist.Overall, a mobile terminal device concludes that it is a natural person, and the road user is identified using the vehicle electronics. This is how an assignment of the respective end devices to the persons takes place. In general, it is assumed that a person carries exactly one mobile device with them, and according to the invention it is also assumed that a road user involved in an accident operates a reporting system, as is known, for example, from the eCall method.

Wurde die Anzahl der mobilen Endgeräte in räumlicher Nähe bestimmt, so kann ein Unfallbericht erstellt werden, der automatisiert an Rettungskräfte übermittelt wird. Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren kann auch iterativ durchgeführt werden, derart, dass innerhalb bestimmter Zeitintervalle Unfallberichte gesendet werden, und somit können auch die Bewegungen der mobilen Endgeräte miteinbezogen werden. Ist beispielsweise ein mobiles Endgerät in seiner Position über einen längeren Zeitraum unverändert, so dann beispielsweise davon ausgegangen werden, dass eine bewegungsunfähige Person das mobile Endgerät mit sich führt. Da generell von den mobilen Endgeräten bzw. der Fahrzeugelektronik auf die Personen geschlossen wird, ist davon auszugehen, dass hierbei auch Daten vorliegen, die nicht valide sind, und somit kann ggf. ein Fehler miteinkalkuliert werden. Beispielsweise ist es auch möglich, dass ein Fahrzeuginsasse sein mobiles Endgerät einfach am Unfallort verliert und insofern bleibt dieses mobile Endgerät in seiner Position unverändert, obwohl die dazugehörige Person, also der Eigentümer, unverletzt ist. Im Zweifel kann das vorgeschlagene Verfahren jedoch so konfiguriert werden, dass bei einer nicht-eindeutigen Bestimmung der Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten bzw. verunfallter Personen eine größere Anzahl an Rettungseinheiten gesendet wird. Liefert beispielsweise die künstliche Intelligenz einen Wert, der annehmen lässt, dass mit großer Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Person verunfallt ist, so wird im Zweifel immer davon ausgegangen, dass diese Person verunfallt ist. Auch ein solches Verhalten kann iterativ anhand von Trainingsdaten erlernt werden.Once the number of mobile devices in the vicinity has been determined, an accident report can be created, which is then automatically sent to the emergency services. The proposed method can also be carried out iteratively in such a way that accident reports are sent within specific time intervals, and thus the movements of the mobile terminals can also be included. If, for example, the position of a mobile terminal device has not changed over a longer period of time, it can then be assumed, for example, that a person who is unable to move is carrying the mobile terminal device with them. Since the mobile end devices or the vehicle electronics are generally used to identify people, it can be assumed that there is also data that is not valid, and an error can therefore be included in the calculations. For example, it is also possible that a vehicle occupant simply loses his or her mobile terminal device at the scene of the accident and in this respect this mobile terminal device remains unchanged in its position, although the person belonging to it, ie the owner, is uninjured. In case of doubt, however, the proposed method can be configured in such a way that a larger number of rescue units is sent if the number of mobile terminals or persons involved in an accident is not clearly determined. If, for example, the artificial intelligence delivers a value that suggests that there is a high probability that a person has had an accident, it is always assumed in case of doubt that that this person has had an accident. Such behavior can also be learned iteratively using training data.

Gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung erfolgt das Übermitteln von Unfalldaten mittels einer Luftschnittstelle, welche zum Ausführen eines eCall eingerichtet ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass bestehende Systeme, welche in zukünftigen Fahrzeug werden, verwendet werden können, und folglich muss keine weitere Einheit bereitgestellt werden. Somit können Komponenten wiederverwendet werden, die standardmäßig in Fahrzeugen verbaut sind. Darüber hinaus kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass jede Person ein mobiles Endgerät mit sich führt und somit sind also auch keine weiteren Sensoren notwendig. Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren kann somit auf einer herkömmlichen Telekommunikationsinfrastruktur basieren, die keinerlei Anpassungen bedarf. Die vorgeschlagenen Aspekte können lediglich mittels einer neuen Ansteuerung bestehender Komponenten bewerkstelligt werden.According to one aspect of the present invention, accident data is transmitted by means of an air interface which is set up to execute an eCall. This has the advantage that existing systems, which will be used in future vehicles, can be used and consequently no further unit has to be provided. This means that components that are installed as standard in vehicles can be reused. In addition, it can be assumed that each person carries a mobile device with them and therefore no further sensors are necessary. The proposed method can thus be based on a conventional telecommunications infrastructure that does not require any adjustments. The proposed aspects can only be accomplished by means of a new control of existing components.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung weisen die Unfalldaten eine geographische Information auf. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass sowohl die Position des verunfallten Verkehrsteilnehmers übermittelt werden kann, als auch die Positionen der mobilen Endgeräte, die Personen zuzuordnen sind, die in dem Unfall verwickelt sind. Somit kann bereits vorab eine Karte gezeichnet werden, welche angibt, wo sich ggf. bewegungsunfähige Personen aufhalten, und die Rettungskräfte müssen den Unfallort nicht erst absuchen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, the accident data includes geographical information. This has the advantage that both the position of the road user involved in an accident can be transmitted, as well as the positions of the mobile terminals that can be assigned to persons involved in the accident. In this way, a map can be drawn in advance, which indicates where people who may be unable to move are located, and the rescue services do not have to search the scene of the accident first.

Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst das Bestimmen der Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten ein Ermitteln der geographischen Position der mobilen Endgeräte. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass herkömmliche Verfahren verwendet werden, welche einen Rückschluss auf die geographische Position zulassen. Hierzu sind Satelliten-basierte Systeme wie beispielsweise GPS möglich, oder aber auch das bekannte Ortungssystem, bei dem Latenzzeiten von Mobilfunkmasten verwendet werden. Das Ermitteln der geographischen Positionen kann erfindungsgemäß ebenfalls vollautomatisiert durchgeführt werden und impliziert folglich keinerlei weiteren technischen Aufwand.According to the invention, determining the number of mobile terminals includes determining the geographic position of the mobile terminals. This has the advantage that conventional methods are used, which draw conclusions about the geographic location allow position. Satellite-based systems such as GPS are possible for this, or else the well-known positioning system, in which latency times from cell phone masts are used. According to the invention, the geographic positions can also be determined in a fully automated manner and consequently does not imply any further technical effort.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst das Bestimmen der Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten ein Bestimmen einer aktuellen Mobilfunkzelle des Verkehrsteilnehmers und mobile Endgeräte innerhalb dieser Mobilfunkzelle werden berücksichtigt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass zu jedem Zeitpunkt klar ist, in welcher Mobilfunkzelle sich der Verkehrsteilnehmer befindet, da er mittels seiner Bordelektronik bei einem entsprechenden Funkmast registriert ist. Ein entsprechendes Subskriptionsprofil liegt typischerweise dem Netzwerkbetreiber vor, und dieser kann eine Auskunft darüber geben, wo sich der Verkehrsteilnehmer befindet Da nunmehr weitere mobile Endgeräte bezüglich ihrer Position abgeprüft werden müssen, kann die Anzahl der relevanten mobilen Endgeräte dadurch eingegrenzt werden, dass nur diejenigen mobilen Endgeräte überprüft werden, welche sich in der gleichen Funkzelle wie der Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden. Auf diese Art und Weise werden der Rechenaufwand und die Datenübertragungsmengen reduziert und die Anzahl der zu überprüfenden mobilen Endgeräte wird eingeschränkt.According to a further aspect of the present invention, determining the number of mobile terminals includes determining a current mobile radio cell of the road user and mobile terminals within this mobile radio cell are taken into account. This has the advantage that it is always clear in which mobile radio cell the road user is located, since he is registered with a corresponding radio mast by means of his on-board electronics. A corresponding subscription profile is typically available to the network operator, and this can provide information about where the road user is located. Since the position of other mobile devices now has to be checked, the number of relevant mobile devices can be limited by only using those mobile devices checked, which are in the same radio cell as the road user. In this way, the computing effort and the data transmission volumes are reduced and the number of mobile terminals to be checked is restricted.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung erfolgt das Bestimmen der Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten iterativ anhand unterschiedlicher vorbestimmter räumlicher Nähen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass unterschiedliche räumliche Nähen identifiziert werden können, und somit können unterschiedliche Personengruppen identifiziert werden. Wird beispielsweise das Verfahren anhand einer räumlichen Nähe von einem Meter durchgeführt, so können alle Personen identifiziert werden, welche unmittelbar an dem Unfall beteiligt sind. Wird das Verfahren in einer weiteren Iteration derart durchgeführt, dass die räumliche Nähe mit fünf Metern konfiguriert wird, so können Personen identifiziert werden, die offensichtlich Hilfskräfte darstellen, selbst aber nicht direkt am Unfall beteiligt sind. Wird nunmehr das Verfahren mit einer räumlichen Nähe von 20 Metern durchgeführt, so werden Personen identifiziert, die dem Unfallgeschehen lediglich beiwohnen, ohne hierbei helfend einzugreifen. Folglich kann in jeder Iteration festgestellt werden, wie sich Personen verhalten, die einem Unfallort beiwohnen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, the number of mobile terminals is determined iteratively using different predetermined spatial proximity. This has the advantage that different spatial proximity can be identified, and thus different groups of people can be identified. Will for example If the procedure is carried out based on a spatial proximity of one meter, all persons directly involved in the accident can be identified. If the method is carried out in a further iteration in such a way that the spatial proximity is configured at five meters, people can be identified who are obviously helpers but are not directly involved in the accident themselves. If the procedure is now carried out at a spatial proximity of 20 meters, people are identified who are merely witnessing the accident without intervening to help. Consequently, in each iteration it can be determined how people who are present at the scene of an accident behave.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird in Abhängigkeit der räumlichen Nähe eines mobilen Endgeräts eine Beteiligung an dem Unfallgeschehen geschätzt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass eine künstliche Intelligenz Informationen darüber bereitstellen kann, welche Person an einem Unfallgeschehen mit welcher Rolle beteiligt ist. Bei einem Schätzen handelt es sich allgemein um das Zuweisen von Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu bestimmten Ereignissen bzw. Rollen. So kann ein numerischer Wert angegeben werden, der bestimmt, zu welcher Wahrscheinlichkeit eine Person als Geschädigter am Unfallgeschehen teilnimmt oder ob es sich hierbei um eine Hilfskraft handelt. So kann aus bereits empirisch ermittelten Daten eine Wahrscheinlichkeit errechnet werden, ob eine bestimmte Person Hilfe benötigt oder nicht. Dies wird anhand des mobilen Endgeräts der jeweiligen Person bestimmt.According to a further aspect of the present invention, participation in the accident is estimated as a function of the physical proximity of a mobile terminal device. This has the advantage that artificial intelligence can provide information about which person is involved in an accident and with which role. Estimating is generally the assignment of probabilities to specific events or roles. For example, a numerical value can be specified that determines the probability of a person being involved in the accident as a victim or whether this is an assistant. In this way, a probability can be calculated from data that has already been determined empirically as to whether a specific person needs help or not. This is determined based on the mobile device of the respective person.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Anfragenachricht an die mobilen Endgeräte, welche sich innerhalb der vorbestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden, übersendet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die anwesenden Personen befragt werden können, ob diese tatsächlich Hilfe benötigen bzw. ob diese einschätzen können, wieviele Personen Hilfe benötigen. Darüber hinaus können die anwesenden Personen weitere Informationen bezüglich des Unfalls bereitstellen. Bleibt eine Anfragenachricht unbeantwortet, so kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass die entsprechende Person hilfslos ist, und somit kann der Unfallbericht entsprechend ausgestaltet werden und sodann an die Einsatzkräfte übermittelt werden.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a request message is sent to the mobile terminals that are located within the predetermined physical proximity to the road user. This has the advantage that the people present are questioned whether they actually need help or whether they can estimate how many people need help. In addition, the people present can provide further information regarding the accident. If an inquiry message remains unanswered, it can be assumed that the person in question is helpless, and the accident report can thus be designed accordingly and then transmitted to the emergency services.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung erfolgt ein Erfassen von Gesundheitsparametern, welche mit den Unfalldaten übermittelt werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass weitere unfallrelevanten Daten gesammelt werden können und gleich im Unfallbericht bereitgestellt werden können. Gesundheitsparameter können abgeleitet werden, da anhand der mobilen Endgeräte ein Bewegungsprofil der Personen erstellt werden kann und somit beispielsweise festgestellt werden kann, ob sich eine Person nicht bewegt und somit ggf. hilflos bzw. bewegungsunfähig ist. Darüber hinaus können weitere Komponenten Anwendung finden, wie beispielsweise ein sogenanntes Wearable, welches Gesundheitsparameter misst. So kann anhand eines intelligenten Armbandes beispielsweise gemessen werden, ob ein angemessener Puls bei einer Person vorhanden ist, oder es können Sensoren eines Mobiltelefons verwendet werden. Somit enthält der Unfallbericht Gesundheitsparameter, welche eine Einschätzung der Lage ermöglichen, und somit können Einsatzkräfte entsprechend reagieren.According to a further aspect of the present invention, health parameters are recorded, which are transmitted with the accident data. This has the advantage that further accident-relevant data can be collected and immediately made available in the accident report. Health parameters can be derived since a movement profile of the person can be created using the mobile terminal devices and it can thus be determined, for example, whether a person is not moving and is therefore possibly helpless or unable to move. In addition, other components can be used, such as a so-called wearable that measures health parameters. For example, a smart bracelet can be used to measure whether a person has an appropriate heart rate, or sensors from a mobile phone can be used. The accident report thus contains health parameters which enable the situation to be assessed and emergency services to be able to react accordingly.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Bewegungshistorie der mobilen Endgeräte bei dem Erstellen des Unfallberichts berücksichtigt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die mobilen Telefone vor dem Unfall analysiert werden und nach dem Unfall. Bewegen sich beispielsweise vier Personen mit gleichbleibender Geschwindigkeit entlang einer Straße und bricht die Bewegung abrupt ab, so kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass vier Fahrzeuginsassen verunfallt sind. Darüber hinaus kann die Bewegungshistorie am Unfallort analysiert werden und es kann wiederum festgestellt werden, welche Person sich bewegt und welche Person bewegungsunfähig ist. Neben der Bewegungshistorie können weitere Sensoren im mobilen Endgerät ausgewertet werden, die z.B. eine Beschleunigung oder Erschütterung erfassen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a movement history of the mobile terminals is taken into account when creating the accident report. This has the advantage that the mobile phones are analyzed before and after the accident. For example, four people moving at a constant speed along a road and if the movement stops abruptly, it can be assumed that four vehicle occupants were involved in an accident. In addition, the movement history at the scene of the accident can be analyzed and it can in turn be determined which person is moving and which person is unable to move. In addition to the movement history, other sensors can be evaluated in the mobile end device, which, for example, record acceleration or vibration.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Erkennen eines Kommunikationsabbruchs von mobilen Endgeräten durchgeführt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass ein Ausfall eines mobilen Endgeräts erkannt werden kann, und somit kann geschätzt werden, ob das mobile Endgerät beschädigt ist. Typischerweise verfügen alle Personen am Unfallort über die gleiche Netzabdeckung, und insofern handelt es sich bei einem Kommunikationsabbruch um ein unvorhergesehenes Ereignis. Bricht bei einem einzelnen mobilen Endgerät die Kommunikation unvermittelt ab, so kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass eine verstärkte Krafteinwirkung auf das Endgerät stattgefunden hat bzw. dass das mobile Endgerät beispielsweise aufgrund von Feuer zerstört wurde. Somit ist die dem mobilen Endgerät zugeordnete Person mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit verunfallt und benötigt Hilfe.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a communication termination of mobile terminals is detected. This has the advantage that a failure of a mobile terminal can be detected and it can thus be estimated whether the mobile terminal is damaged. Typically, everyone at the scene of an accident has the same network coverage, and in this respect a loss of communication is an unforeseen event. If the communication abruptly breaks off with a single mobile terminal device, it can be assumed that the terminal device was subjected to increased force or that the mobile terminal device was destroyed, for example due to fire. It is therefore highly probable that the person assigned to the mobile terminal has had an accident and needs help.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der erstellte Unfallbericht an ein weiteres mobiles Endgerät übermittelt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass Einsatzkräfte einen Unfallbericht sofort auf ihr mobiles Endgerät erhalten können, und zudem können weitere Verkehrsteilnehmer im Umkreis des Unfallortes informiert werden. Die weitere Teilnehmer werden somit gewarnt, dass ein Unfall auf einer Straße vorliegt, die sie voraussichtlich befahren, und zudem können die weiteren Verkehrsteilnehmer um Hilfe gebeten werden.According to a further aspect of the present invention, the accident report that has been created is transmitted to a further mobile terminal device. This has the advantage that emergency services can immediately receive an accident report on their mobile device, and other road users in the vicinity of the accident site can also be informed. The other participants are thus warned that there is an accident on a road that they are likely to be driving on, and the other road users can also be asked for help.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der erstellte Unfallbericht mit einem manuell erstellten Unfallbericht abgeglichen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass nach jedem Einsatz überprüft werden kann, ob die geschätzten Daten valide sind, und ggf. kann nachjustiert werden. Bei einem weiteren Einsatz können sodann diese empirisch ermittelten Daten verwendet werden und ein zugrundeliegender Algorithmus lernt die Rolle der Beteiligten in Abhängigkeit deren Position einzuschätzen.According to a further aspect of the present invention, the created accident report is compared with a manually created accident report. This has the advantage that after each use it can be checked whether the estimated data is valid and, if necessary, it can be readjusted. In a further application, this empirically determined data can then be used and an underlying algorithm learns to assess the role of those involved depending on their position.

Die Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Kommunikationssystem zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts zur Koordination von Rettungsmaßnahmen nach dem Anspruch 13.The object is also achieved by a communication system for automatically creating an accident report for coordinating rescue measures according to claim 13.

Die Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Computerprogrammprodukt mit Steuerbefehlen, welche das vorgeschlagene Verfahren ausführen bzw. die vorgeschlagene Kommunikationsanordnung betreiben.The object is also achieved by a computer program product with control commands that execute the proposed method or operate the proposed communication arrangement.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es besonders vorteilhaft, dass das vorgeschlagene Verfahren Verfahrensschritte aufweist, welche funktional durch die strukturellen Merkmale der Kommunikationsanordnung bzw. des Kommunikationssystems nachgebildet werden können. Somit stellt das Kommunikationssystem strukturelle Merkmale bereit, welche eine Funktion anbieten, der der entsprechenden Funktion der Verfahrensschritte entspricht. Folglich dient das vorgeschlagene Verfahren dem Betreiben des vorgeschlagenen Kommunikationssystems, und das vorgeschlagene Kommunikationssystem kann das Verfahren ausführen.According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the proposed method has method steps that can be functionally simulated by the structural features of the communication arrangement or the communication system. Thus, the communication system provides structural features that offer a function that the corresponds to the corresponding function of the method steps. Consequently serves the proposed method to operating the proposed communication system, and the proposed communication system can perform the method.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden anhand der beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
ein schematischer Nachrichtenfluss gemäß des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung;
Fig. 2:
ein weiterer Kommunikationsverlauf gemäß des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts; und
Further advantageous configurations are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:
Figure 1:
a schematic message flow according to the proposed method for automatically creating an accident report according to an aspect of the present invention;
Figure 2:
a further course of communication according to the proposed method for automatically creating an accident report; and

Fig. 1 zeigt unten einen Verkehrsteilnehmer, also ein Personenkraftfahrzeug, welches verunfallt ist. Das gezeigte Kraftfahrzeug verfügt über eine Luftschnittstelle, über die es mit einer Mobiltelekommunikationsinfrastruktur kommunizieren kann. Hierzu ist ein entsprechender Mobilfunkmast eingezeichnet. Auf der rechten Seite befindet sich eine Datenbank bzw. ein Serversystem, welches für die Rettungskräfte betrieben wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Nachteil überwunden, dass bei einem automatisierten Melden eines Unfalls lediglich geringe Daten zur Verfügung stehen. 1 below shows a road user, i.e. a passenger vehicle, which has had an accident. The motor vehicle shown has an air interface via which it can communicate with a mobile telecommunications infrastructure. A corresponding mobile phone mast is shown for this purpose. There is a database or server system on the right-hand side, which is operated for the rescue services. According to the invention, the disadvantage is overcome that only a small amount of data is available when an accident is reported automatically.

Das eCall-System meldet in der Standardimplementierung nur, dass ein bechen Personen ist bereits ein optionales Leistungsmerkmal, muss also nicht vorliegen.In the standard implementation, the eCall system only reports that a bechen People is already an optional feature, so it does not have to be present.

Alle diese Informationen sind für Rettungskräfte jedoch in etlichen Situationen unzureichend bzw. unvollständig. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn am Unfall Fußgänger oder Fahrzeuge beteiligt sind, die über kein eCall-System verfügen (bspw. Rad- oder Motorradfahrer).However, all of this information is insufficient or incomplete for rescue workers in a number of situations. This applies in particular if pedestrians or vehicles that do not have an eCall system (e.g. cyclists or motorcyclists) are involved in the accident.

Im Folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Fig. 1 ein beispielhafter Ablauf des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens aufgezeigt. Die verwendeten Aspekte sind hierbei lediglich beispielhaft zu verstehen.The following is based on the attached 1 an exemplary sequence of the proposed method is shown. The aspects used are only to be understood as examples.

In Schritt 1 setzt ein Fahrzeug nach einem detektierten Unfall einen eCall ab. Dies erfolgt über eine Verbindung mit einer Notrufzentrale. Im Rahmen dieser Verbindung wird unter anderem die genaue Position (GPS) des Fahrzeuges übermittelt.In step 1, a vehicle sends an eCall after a detected accident. This is done via a connection to an emergency call center. As part of this connection, the exact position (GPS) of the vehicle is transmitted, among other things.

Schritt 2: Die Mobilfunkbasisstation erkennt diesen abgesetzten Notruf (oder wird von der nachgeschalteten Vermittlung des MNO darüber informiert) und holt Positionsinformationen von allen Teilnehmern in der Mobilfunkzelle ein, einschließlich der eCall-Subscription. Dies bedeutet, dass zunächst neben den Insassen des Fahrzeugs auch mögliche Unfallopfer, aber auch Unbeteiligte in der Nähe des Unfallortes betrachtet werden. Diese sind für den Notarzt jedoch nicht alle von Interesse, deshalb muss noch eine weitere Auswahl erfolgen.Step 2: The mobile base station recognizes this emergency call (or is informed about it by the MNO's downstream exchange) and collects position information from all subscribers in the mobile cell, including the eCall subscription. This means that in addition to the occupants of the vehicle, possible accident victims as well as bystanders in the vicinity of the accident site are also considered. However, not all of these are of interest to the emergency doctor, so a further selection must be made.

Diese Auswahl erfolgt in Schritt 3, der mehrere Varianten aufweist.This selection is made in step 3, which has several variants.

Variante 3a) sind die von der Position her am nächsten liegenden Mobilgeräte, hierbei handelt es sich üblicherweise um die Insassen des Unfallfahrzeugs.Variant 3a) are the mobile devices that are closest in terms of position; these are usually the occupants of the accident vehicle.

Variante 3b) sind von der Position her im direkten Umfeld des Fahrzeugs befindliche Mobilgeräte. Hierbei könnte es sich um Unfallopfer handeln.Variant 3b) are mobile devices located in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle in terms of position. This could be an accident victim.

Variante 3c) sind von der Position her im weiteren Umfeld des Fahrzeugs befindliche Mobilgeräte. Üblicherweise sind diese nicht als Opfer in den Unfall verwickelt.Variant 3c) are mobile devices located in the wider area of the vehicle due to their position. Usually these are not involved as victims in the accident.

Hieraus ergeben sich zunächst folgende Informationen:

  • Anzahl der Insassen des Fahrzeugs: 2
  • Vermutliche Unfallopfer: 1
  • Personen in der Nähe des Unfalls: 3
This initially results in the following information:
  • Number of occupants of the vehicle: 2
  • Probable accident victims: 1
  • People in the vicinity of the accident: 3

Ebenfalls in Schritt 3 ist es möglich, dass die Basisstation Kontakt zu den Mobilgeräten aufnimmt, die sich in unmittelbarer Umgebung des Unfallortes aufhalten. Um diesen Schritt zu ermöglichen, können teilnehmende Personen beispielweise eine entsprechende App auf ihrem Mobiltelefon installieren. Diese App nimmt die Anfrage der Basisstation entgegen und liefert weitere Daten zurück.It is also possible in step 3 for the base station to contact the mobile devices that are in the immediate vicinity of the accident site. To enable this step, participants can, for example, install a corresponding app on their mobile phone. This app accepts the request from the base station and returns additional data.

Hierbei kann es sich um Informationen des Bewegungssensors in den letzten 10-20 Sekunden (dem Unfallzeitpunkt) handeln - hat es starke, unübliche Bewegungen gegeben? Sollte dem so sein, ist es wahrscheinlich, dass der Besitzer des Geräts möglicherweise doch am Unfall beteiligt war.This may be information from the motion sensor in the last 10-20 seconds (the time of the accident) - was there any heavy, unusual movement? If so, it is likely that the owner of the device may have been involved in the accident after all.

Mit diesem Verfahren ist es auch möglich, indirekte Unfallopfer zu erkennen. Eine Person, die den Unfall beobachtet hat und beispielsweise ohnmächtig wird, kann so einbezogen werden.With this method it is also possible to identify indirect accident victims. A person who observed the accident and fainted, for example, can be included in this way.

Eine fortschrittlichere Variante könnte in der Übertragung von Gesundheitsinformationen (Puls, Blutdruck) bestehen, die dem Smartphone beispielweise durch ein verbundenes Wearable zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Um Datenübertragung zu vermeiden, ist es auch denkbar, dass die App statt der Daten nur eine Warnung auf mögliche Unfallbeteiligung an die Basisstation sendet.A more advanced variant could be the transmission of health information (pulse, blood pressure) that is made available to the smartphone, for example, through a connected wearable. In order to avoid data transmission, it is also conceivable that the app only sends a warning about possible accident participation to the base station instead of the data.

In Schritt 3 kann die Basisstation weitere Informationen sammeln, indem die zum Unfallzeitpunkt "verschwundenen" Geräte ermittelt werden. Dies sind Geräte, die vor dem Unfall mit der Basisstation verbunden waren, seit dem Unfall aber nicht mehr verfügbar sind (und die Mobilfunkzelle auch nicht verlassen haben). Dies deutet auf eine starke Beschädigung oder sogar Zerstörung des Mobilgerätes hin und somit auf eine Unfallbeteiligung.In step 3, the base station can collect further information by identifying the devices that "disappeared" at the time of the accident. These are devices that were connected to the base station before the accident but have become unavailable since the accident (nor have they left the cellular cell). This indicates severe damage or even destruction of the mobile device and thus an involvement in the accident.

Somit ergeben sich verfahrensgemäß folgende Informationen:

  • Anzahl der Insassen des Fahrzeugs: 2; bei einer Person meldet das Smartphone "Notfall"
  • Anzahl Unfallopfer: unbekannt, jedoch ein Smartphone seit dem Unfall verschwunden
  • Personen in der Nähe des Unfalls: 3; bei einer Person extreme Bewegungsmuster des Smartphones.
This results in the following information according to the procedure:
  • Number of occupants of the vehicle: 2; one person's smartphone reports "emergency"
  • Number of accident victims: unknown, but one smartphone has disappeared since the accident
  • People close to the accident: 3; in one person extreme movement patterns of the smartphone.

Der Standard-eCall hingegen würde nur folgende Informationen liefern:

  • Ein Fahrzeug meldet einen Unfall.
The standard eCall, on the other hand, would only provide the following information:
  • A vehicle reports an accident.

Um die erfindungsgemäß vorliegenden Informationen für Menschen aussagekräftiger zu gestalten, ist es an dieser Stelle empfehlenswert, eine KI (Künstliche Intelligenz) zu integrieren, so dass in der Notrufzentrale besser entschieden werden kann.In order to make the information available according to the invention more meaningful for people, it is recommended at this point to integrate an AI (artificial intelligence) so that the emergency call center can make better decisions.

Das Lernen dieser KI geschieht durch den Vergleich

  • Meldung von der Basisstation (siehe oben) zu
  • tatsächlich zu behandelnde Opfer gemäß Unfallbericht.
This AI learns by comparison
  • message from the base station (see above).
  • actual victims to be treated according to the accident report.

Dies bedeutet, dass eine KI mit jedem Unfall die von der Basisstation besser auswerten kann.This means that an AI can better evaluate the data from the base station with every accident.

Mit zukünftig vorhandenen Mitteln (5G) ist es möglich, mit geringem technischen Aufwand zusätzliche Informationen zu Unfällen und möglichen Unfallopfern zu sammeln. Dadurch können Rettungseinsätze schneller und besser koordiniert werden.With the means available in the future (5G), it will be possible to collect additional information on accidents and possible accident victims with little technical effort. This allows rescue operations to be coordinated faster and better.

Fig. 2 zeigt auf der linken Seite einen Verkehrsteilnehmer, also ein Fahrzeug mit einer Kommunikationsschnittstelle. Dieses Fahrzeug kommuniziert mit einem Server im Notfallzentrum. Dies ist in der vorliegenden Fig. 2 als eine Datenbank eingezeichnet. Daneben ist ein Mobilfunkmast eingezeichnet, der stellvertretend für eine mobile Kommunikationsinfrastruktur steht. Daneben ist eine Person eingezeichnet, die nicht in das Unfallgeschehen involviert ist. Auf der rechten Seite ist ein Patient eingezeichnet, der verletzt ist und somit Hilfe benötigt. 2 shows a road user on the left, i.e. a vehicle with a communication interface. This vehicle communicates with a server in the emergency center. This is in the present 2 drawn as a database. Next to it is a mobile phone mast, which represents a mobile communication infrastructure. Next to it is a person who is not involved in the accident. On the right is a patient who is injured and needs help.

Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren wird vorliegend durch einen Unfallsensor initiiert, der einen sogenannten Crash Report auslöst. Dieser Crash Report wird an den Server übermittelt, und zudem werden technische Informationen bereitgestellt. Der Kommunikationsfluss geht weiter bis zu dem beteiligten Personen, worauf in einem finalen Schritt die Unfalldaten an den Server übermittelt werden. Wie aus der vorliegenden Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, können die einzelnen Kommunikationen verschlüsselt werden. Hierzu ist der Austausch entsprechender Schlüssel vorgesehen.In the present case, the proposed method is initiated by an accident sensor, which triggers a so-called crash report. This crash report is transmitted to the server, and technical information is also provided provided. The flow of communication continues to the people involved, whereupon the accident data is transmitted to the server in a final step. As from the present 2 As can be seen, the individual communications can be encrypted. The exchange of corresponding keys is planned for this purpose.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 wurden gleiche Konzepte mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Bei den textuellen Informationen aus Fig. 2 handelt es sich um Funktionsaufrufe und Parameterübergaben. Diese sind in Pseudocode niedergeschrieben.In the 1 and 2 the same concepts have been given the same reference numbers. With the textual information off 2 These are function calls and parameter transfers. These are written in pseudocode.

Fig. 3 zeigt in einem schematischen Ablaufdiagramm ein Verfahren zum automatisierten Erstellen eines Unfallberichts zur Koordination von Rettungsmaßnahmen, aufweisend ein Übermitteln 100 von Unfalldaten eines Verkehrsteilnehmers an eine zentrale Recheneinheit, wobei ein Bestimmen 101 einer Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten, welche sich innerhalb einer vorbestimmten räumlichen Nähe zu dem Verkehrsteilnehmer befinden, und ein Erstellen 102 eines Unfallberichts in Abhängigkeit der bestimmten Anzahl von mobilen Endgeräten vorgesehen ist. Ein solches generelles Verfahren wird nicht beansprucht. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for automatically creating an accident report for the coordination of rescue measures, having a transmission 100 of accident data of a road user to a central processing unit, with a determination 101 of a number of mobile terminals that are within a predetermined spatial proximity to the road user are located, and the creation 102 of an accident report depending on the determined number of mobile terminals is provided. Such a general method is not claimed.

Der Fachmann erkennt hierbei, dass einzelne Verfahrensschritte iterativ ausgeführt werden können und zudem Unterschritte aufweisen können.The person skilled in the art recognizes here that individual method steps can be carried out iteratively and can also have sub-steps.

Claims (14)

  1. Method for the automated creation of an accident report for coordination of rescue measures, comprising:
    - transmitting (100) accident data of a traffic participant to a central processing unit,
    wherein
    - determining (101) a number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the traffic participant; and
    - generating (102) an accident report in dependence of the determined number of mobile terminals is provided,
    characterized in that the determination (101) of the number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the traffic participant comprises determining the geographical position of the mobile terminals.
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission (100) of accident data is performed by means of an over the air interface that is set up to execute an eCall.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the accident data comprise geographical information.
  4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that determining (101) the number of mobile terminals comprises determining a current mobile cell of the traffic participant and mobile terminals within this mobile cell are taken into account.
  5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that determining (101) the number of mobile terminals is performed iteratively based on different predetermined spatial proximities.
  6. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a participation in the accident is estimated in dependence on the spatial proximity of a mobile terminal.
  7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a request message is transmitted to the mobile terminals located within the predetermined spatial proximity to the traffic participant.
  8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that health parameters are recorded that are transmitted (100) with the accident data.
  9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a movement history of the mobile terminals is taken into account when generating (102) the accident report.
  10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a detection of a communication interruption from mobile terminals is performed.
  11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generated (102) accident report is transmitted to another mobile terminal.
  12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generated (102) accident report is checked against a manually created accident report.
  13. Communication system for automated generation of an accident report for coordination of rescue measures, comprising:
    - an interface unit arranged for transmitting (100) accident data of a traffic participant to a central processing unit, wherein
    - a telecommunication unit arranged for determining (101) a number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the traffic participant; and
    - a computing unit arranged for generating (102) an accident report in dependence of the determined number of mobile terminals is provided,
    characterized in that the telecommunication unit is arranged so that the determination (101) of the number of mobile terminals which are located within a predetermined spatial proximity to the traffic participant comprises determining the geographical position of the mobile terminals.
  14. Computer program product with control commands which execute the method of any of claims 1 to 12 when they are run on a computer.
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DE102008035992A1 (en) 2007-08-29 2009-03-05 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Traffic light phase assistant supported by environmental sensors
EP2271522B1 (en) 2008-04-14 2018-11-07 Continental Teves AG & Co. OHG Positioning signal for rescue forces
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