EP3655999A1 - Microlentille intégrée pour applications de cellules photovoltaïques et thermiques - Google Patents

Microlentille intégrée pour applications de cellules photovoltaïques et thermiques

Info

Publication number
EP3655999A1
EP3655999A1 EP18835111.8A EP18835111A EP3655999A1 EP 3655999 A1 EP3655999 A1 EP 3655999A1 EP 18835111 A EP18835111 A EP 18835111A EP 3655999 A1 EP3655999 A1 EP 3655999A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
micro lenses
solar cells
micro
solar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18835111.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3655999A4 (fr
Inventor
Ya Sha YI
Mao Ye
Roberto SANTINELLI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Demetra Energia Srl
University of Michigan
Original Assignee
Demetra Energia Srl
University of Michigan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Demetra Energia Srl, University of Michigan filed Critical Demetra Energia Srl
Publication of EP3655999A1 publication Critical patent/EP3655999A1/fr
Publication of EP3655999A4 publication Critical patent/EP3655999A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/63—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of windows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/56—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by means for preventing heat loss
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0549—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising spectrum splitting means, e.g. dichroic mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
    • H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
    • H01L31/0725—Multiple junction or tandem solar cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/30—Auxiliary coatings, e.g. anti-reflective coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0038—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light
    • G02B19/0042—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ambient light for use with direct solar radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0075—Arrays characterized by non-optical structures, e.g. having integrated holding or alignment means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to solar technology and, more particularly, relates to an integrated micro-lens for both concentrated and traditional photovoltaic cells and thermal applications.
  • Concentrated photovoltaics use lenses and curved mirrors to focus sunlight onto small, but highly efficient, solar cells.
  • the focus point of the concentrator moves, which reduces the power collected or requires the use of complex and expensive tracking systems.
  • conventional systems are often large and heavy, thereby reducing their applications.
  • Conventional CPV strongly depends on the DNI (Directly Normal Incident) component of the global radiation and simply cannot work in diffuse radiation conditions. This poses a strong limitation on the suitable geographical locations where the CPV can be effectively installed (i.e. sun belt regions only), thereby limiting, inhibiting, or otherwise preventing this emerging technology from penetrating world-wide solar markets.
  • DNI Directly Normal Incident
  • CPV applications typically include a solar concentrator that uses lenses or mirrors, a tracking mechanism, solar cells, and a heat sink.
  • the tracking system is typically required to permit adjustable tracking of the sun to improve solar efficiency.
  • most installations generally provide less than 5 MW of output with an average selling price of $2.90 per Watt in 2013.
  • capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operation expenses (OPEX) of conventional CPV systems thus, again, limit, inhibit, or otherwise prevent penetration in world-wide solar market.
  • PV market drivers include government incentives, falling prices of solar PV modules, concerns over carbon emissions, low installation and maintenance cost versus wind, and hydroelectric.
  • solar PV market restraints include climate restricted feasibility areas, reduced feed-in tariffs, and oversupply.
  • sizing of solar thermal collectors is often a balancing of a systems heat receiving capability versus the need to dissipate heat. That is, with reference to FIG. 1 , a surface A is exposed to incident radiation from a source (e.g. Sun) on the left side. The energy received by the Sun is proportional to the surface area of surface A. From the same surface A, the warmed body, accordingly to Wien Law, loses energy due to different processes such as re-irradiation, convention and conduction (i.e. heat transfer). The amount of energy lost follows Fourier's law:
  • this formula takes into account the factors contributing to the thermal equilibrium between two bodies at different temperatures. The passage of heat from a warm body to a cooler one succeeds until the temperatures of the two becomes the same. The energy loss proportional to the exchange surface A.
  • the teachings according to the principles of the present invention employ a new design for a micro-lens (i.e., a lens on the scale of micrometers or smaller) based on nano-scale fabrication methods and a zero contrast grating design to improve operation of PV and CPV applications.
  • the present teachings provide numerous benefits compared to conventional systems, including, but not limited to, improved angular efficiency (i.e., less power loss from shifting focal point of the light); lighter, smaller, more compact cells; reduced heat loss in solar thermal applications; and the eliminations of the need for a tracking system.
  • these teachings provide an easily implementable application of the present optics made possible through the optical behavior of the micro-lens assembly can dramatically mitigate the aforementioned trade-between maximizing area A to receive sunlight and minimize area A to reduce related heat loss to generate technological behavior (described as a thermal diode in connection herewith).
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the heat transfer response of a surface exposed to incident radiation
  • FIG. 2 illustrates solar assemblies according to various embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates micro lenses layer in association with concentrated photovoltaics and concentrated solar thermal systems
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a side view of a solar thermal system according to the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded side view of a solar thermal system according to the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a reversible solar thermal system according to the principles of the present invention.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.
  • concentrating lenses are designed in nano-scale with high numerical aperture (NA) for use in PV and CPV application and provide numerous benefits compared to conventional systems, including, but not limited to, improved angular efficiency (i.e., less power loss from shifting focal point of the light); lighter, smaller, more compact cells; reduced heat loss in solar thermal applications; and the eliminations of the need for a tracking system.
  • NA numerical aperture
  • solar assembly 10 having advantageous construction according to the principles of the present teachings.
  • solar assembly 10 can comprise a concentrated solar panel having a micro lenses layer 12, a solar cells layer 14 (e.g. monocrystalline Si solar cells), and an electronic control system configured to manage the power generated by solar cell layer 14.
  • solar cells layers 14 can comprise a concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system.
  • solar assembly 10 can comprise a concentrated solar thermal assembly having micro lenses layer 12, a heat insulating layer 16, and a plurality of waveguides 18 extending through heat insulating layer 16.
  • micro lenses layer 12 comprises a substrate deposited at a predetermined deposition rate and defining a predetermined grating thickness.
  • Micro lenses layer 12 includes a plurality of micro lenses 20.
  • each of the plurality of micro lenses 20 has a radius less than about 10 microns and, in some embodiments, a radius that ranges from microns to millimeter based on the application.
  • the micro lenses layer 12 is configured to receive radiation energy and focus the radiation energy at a focusing region along discrete paths toward solar cells layers 14 and/or the plurality of waveguides 18.
  • the light deflection in the PV or CPV is decreased from 0.26 m to 0.803 mm— the deflection less than 1 millimeter can hardly be observed by eye.
  • the focal length can be 10 to 1 pm.
  • NCPV layer concentrate light to the grid of designed spot, which is then matched by the grid of PV material, which can be Silicon, GaAs, and perovskite.
  • the feature size of the micro lens 20 (e.g. smallest grating or nano post) can be tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, which is based on the targeting wavelength.
  • the targeting wavelength ranges from deep UV to radio frequency, which is a dependent of specific environment and application.
  • the material of micro lens 20 ranges from transparent dielectric materials, including Ti0 2 , Si0 2 , silicon nitride, silicon rich nitride and polymers, to semiconductors, including silicon and GaN
  • the present technology enables one to create and manipulate monocrystalline Si solar cells that are much thinner (down to about 100 nm, or limited only by junction depth) and smaller (down to a few micrometers).
  • monocrystalline Si solar cells that are much thinner (down to about 100 nm, or limited only by junction depth) and smaller (down to a few micrometers).
  • ultrathin and ultra-small designs lead to solar modules that are small in size and light weight, which consequently adds to the flexibility for integrating them to any surface.
  • the sub-wavelength structure enables their use in transparency engineering.
  • nano-micro lenses system has its advantage of subminiature, light-weight, and anti-deflection, which thus enables the integration of CPV on most of the surface that is desirable without the concern about weight and space (building walls, wearable devices & etc.). Still further, with the application of micro lenses, solar thermal devices can achieve one-direction heat insulation.
  • micro lenses layer 12 can comprise an array of the plurality of micro lenses 20 arranged as constructive interfering optics.
  • this assembly can be arranged to comprise a multifunctional anti reflection coating layer (ARC) that can be placed directly on the solar glass of, for example, solar cell layer 14.
  • ARC multifunctional anti reflection coating layer
  • the proven capability of selecting the incoming frequencies of the light by varying the geometry of the nano-structures of the plurality of micro lenses 20, will also introduce extra-benefits to the performance of solar cells layer 14.
  • the transmittance of the infrared frequencies of the solar spectrum is significantly reduced. Accordingly, the heat passing through, which causes a degradation of the performances of the solar cells by at least 0.3% every Celsius degree with respect to the standard conditions, is reduced.
  • the coating acts in this case as heat sink enhancing the overall system photo- converting system performances.
  • Micro lenses layer 12 having the periodic grid array of micro lenses 20 ensures that radiation is transmitted to the underlying surface of traditional Fresnel focusing lenses is always orthogonal. This results in elimination of the need to use expensive tracking systems to precisely orient solar assembly 10 throughout the day. Furthermore, micro lenses layer 12 further enables even existing (H)CPV systems to work under any climatic condition by removing the current restraints preventing this technology to work outside sun belt regions. The existing HCPV technology, equipped with the micro lenses layer 12 results in a highly cost-competitive solar technology.
  • CPVs can possibly save 75% of PV material, while the NCPV technique enabling one to minimize the size to a layer less than 1 mm and weight of merely grams.
  • NCPV NCPV
  • Nano CPV can expand its application to nearly every facet of life.
  • the micro lenses layer 12 of the present teachings can form the top layer of a solar cell, thereby providing a new micro grid contact layer to further improve the performance of microlens - solar cell system.
  • the micro grid is formed by conductive material that covers the edges of individual lens among the lens array, which forms a conductive grid contact layer. Compared with traditional contact layers, the coverage of micro grid layer is much more complete and thus promises higher efficiency.
  • the present teachings provide an anti-reflection coating layer for flat PV applications built of micro-lenses layer having a substrate deposited at a predetermined deposition rate and defined a predetermined grating thickness, the micro lenses layer having a plurality of micro lenses each having a radius less than about 10 microns.
  • the constructive interference of these microlenses enable capture of the light at any angles between -30 and +30 degrees and to transmit down to the underlying glass along the orthogonal direction of the layer plan with a selective filtering of infrared components of the solar spectrum.
  • the coating can be either fabricated as a sticky film on a flexible substrate (i.e.
  • PEN, PET or Kapton or any other convenient material that will allow a post-market retrofitting installation of the invention on existing modules or directly on the solar glass that will be mounted on the new PV solar module at the solar factories.
  • the expected shelf life is more than 10 years.
  • the large scale fabrication techniques will comply with current CMOS standards.
  • the present teachings provide a solar thermal collector with heat insulation layer in front of the heat exchange surface operably coupled to the micro and/or milli lenses layer to define a variable combined thickness assembly of layers. This permits a reduction of the heat exchanging area of the current flat solar collectors preserving at the same time the receiving area thus permitting to operate solar thermal collectors also during winter seasons.
  • the present invention will replace the existing solar glass of the solar thermal modules on top of the underlying heat exchanger and will consist on an assembly of different technologies built of:
  • An optical layer - receiving the sunlight - built as an array of micro- milli lenses each of them focusing a portion of total hitting radiation into specific optical paths.
  • the thermal concentration is between 50 to 200 suns.
  • a set of wavelength guides optically coupled to each focusing micro and/or milli lens, crossing the insulating layer and thus insuring the flow of the radiation in the outer-to-inner direction.
  • the focused light passing through these optical guides will reach directly the underlying heat exchanger.
  • a new Anti-reflection Coating layer for existing (H)CPV applications is provided, built of a micro-lenses layer having a substrate deposited at a predetermined deposition rate and a defined predetermined grating thickness.
  • the micro lenses layer having a plurality of micro lenses each having a radius less than about 10 microns. The constructive interference of these micro lenses will permit to capture the light at any angles between -30 and +30 degrees and to transmit down to the underlying Fresnel focusing element in an orthogonal direction.
  • This implementation on existing and/or new (H)CPV systems will allow one to exploit the concentrating photovoltaic at any climatic conditions, exploit diffuse radiation, and eliminate the need of installing CPV modules on expensive tracking systems.
  • the coating can be either fabricated as a sticky film on a flexible substrate (i.e. PEN, or PET or Kapton) that will allow a post-market retrofitting installation of the invention on existing modules or directly on the solar glass that will be mounted on the new (H)CPV solar module at the solar factories.
  • PEN polymethyl methacrylate
  • Kapton a flexible substrate
  • the shelve life is more than 10 years.
  • the large scale fabrication techniques will be current CMOS standard.
  • an individual microlens can concentrate light of different wavelengths to focus points with different focal length along its central axis based on its engineering.
  • the microlens can be designed to create focuses on the selected layers (of micro-multijunction solar cell) with wavelength of this layer's highest efficiency). For example, there is a micro-multijunction solar cell with two layers. The upper layer has highest quantum efficiency at wavelength around 685 nm and the lower layer has highest quantum efficiency at wavelength around 420 nm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une conception pour une microlentille (c'est-à-dire, une lentille à l'échelle micrométrique) incorporant des techniques de nanofabrication existantes et pouvant être incorporée dans des systèmes photovoltaïques à concentration élevée (HCPV), des collecteurs thermiques solaires et des systèmes photovoltaïques plats classiques. En utilisant la théorie de l'optique ondulatoire, la conception est capable d'obtenir une ouverture numérique élevée, c'est-à-dire qu'elle peut recevoir de la lumière sur une plage d'angles plus étendue. La conception réduit également la distance entre les décalages de point focal lors des déplacements de la source de lumière; cela élimine le besoin d'un système de suivi dans des applications de concentration photovoltaïque CPV et de photovoltaïque PV. La réduction de la taille de la lentille facilite également des systèmes de concentrateur photovoltaïque plus petits et légers, ce qui rend le de concentrateur photovoltaïque attrayant pour des applications supplémentaires. Enfin, ces concentrateurs réduisent la zone d'échange d'un système thermique solaire plat typique où la chaleur est reçue, ce qui améliore l'efficacité globale du système et permet son utilisation également pendant un temps hivernal rigoureux.
EP18835111.8A 2017-07-19 2018-07-19 Microlentille intégrée pour applications de cellules photovoltaïques et thermiques Pending EP3655999A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762534239P 2017-07-19 2017-07-19
US16/038,567 US11302839B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2018-07-18 Integrated micro-lens for photovoltaic cell and thermal applications
PCT/US2018/042894 WO2019018648A1 (fr) 2017-07-19 2018-07-19 Microlentille intégrée pour applications de cellules photovoltaïques et thermiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3655999A1 true EP3655999A1 (fr) 2020-05-27
EP3655999A4 EP3655999A4 (fr) 2021-04-21

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EP18835111.8A Pending EP3655999A4 (fr) 2017-07-19 2018-07-19 Microlentille intégrée pour applications de cellules photovoltaïques et thermiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11302839B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3655999A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN111213245B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019018648A1 (fr)

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CN111812830A (zh) * 2020-08-05 2020-10-23 南开大学 一种偏振不敏感的反射式超表面聚光器

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US20190027629A1 (en) 2019-01-24
EP3655999A4 (fr) 2021-04-21
CN111213245B (zh) 2023-04-18
CN111213245A (zh) 2020-05-29
WO2019018648A1 (fr) 2019-01-24
US11302839B2 (en) 2022-04-12

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