EP3655254A1 - Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler prägestruktur - Google Patents
Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler prägestrukturInfo
- Publication number
- EP3655254A1 EP3655254A1 EP18745823.7A EP18745823A EP3655254A1 EP 3655254 A1 EP3655254 A1 EP 3655254A1 EP 18745823 A EP18745823 A EP 18745823A EP 3655254 A1 EP3655254 A1 EP 3655254A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cells
- security element
- line
- motif
- grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a security element with optically variable embossed structure, an article with the security element and a method for producing the security element.
- security elements are known for protection against counterfeiting in order to protect valuable documents such as banknotes, securities, credit or identity cards, passports, certificates, etc. labels, packaging from counterfeiting.
- the protection against counterfeiting in the case of open security elements is based on the fact that there is a visually simple and clearly recognizable optical effect which would not or only insufficiently be reproduced with customary reproduction devices, such as color copiers.
- a security element of the aforementioned type which has an embossed structure of longitudinally extending grooves whose roof surfaces have flared faces.
- the faces are geometrically arranged so that only from a given viewing angle range the subject is recognizable.
- a subject tilting effect sets in - the subject appears or disappears for the viewer.
- Optically variable colors are used to create a printed subject with a color-shift effect. Depending on the viewing angle, the color tone in which the subject is visible to the viewer changes.
- a security element is known in which grid-like honeycomb-shaped cells are arranged by embossing Have facets with differently inclined surfaces.
- the facets are mirror-coated, and the different surface slopes in the 2D pattern of the honeycomb structure are distributed in such a way that a motif also only becomes visible in a given viewing area when the security element is rotated and / or tilted.
- the embossed structure is designed differently in subregions in which a uniform imprint exists in such a way that a motif tilt effect or a movement effect is produced.
- WO 2016/020066 A2 proposes a security element which also has a multiplicity of cells which are arranged in a 2D pattern.
- the cells are each hemispherical so that each cell acts as a dome mirror.
- Above this 2D pattern of arching mirrors are arranged line-shaped printing elements which extend over a large number of arching mirrors. The position of the lines on the camber mirrors varies along the 2D pattern, so that a total of. Image or motif is generated, which has a movement effect when tilting or rotating the security element.
- the printing elements are selected in another sub-area so that a Motivkipp bin arises.
- Such different optically variable effects are particularly noticeable to a viewer and therefore particularly suitable as an authenticity feature.
- the invention has the object of developing a security element of the type mentioned so that the variable optical effect fails more succinctly and thus the protection against counterfeiting is further increased, in particular, the production should still possible cost-optimized lent.
- the security element has an optically variable embossed structure having a plurality of cells arranged in a pattern. The cells have a non-parallel to the ground plane of the security element surface. At least one group of surface elements is provided in the embossed structure. Each group of surface elements offers its own motif, which is visible in its own viewing angle range.
- the embossed structure thus provides a Motivkipp bin. The subject is visible or invisible to the viewer depending on the viewing angle.
- the embossed structure is further provided with a coating which comprises at least one imprint in the form of a grid with raster elements, in particular lines, dots or symbols. The print forms a recognizable for the viewer second motif.
- each cell is covered, at least partially, by at least one raster element, such as the line of the line raster.
- the position of the grid element, such as a line, point, or symbol, on the cell, the orientation of the grid element, such as a line or symbol, on the cell, or the shape of the grid element, such as a line, point, or symbol, on the cell, or more of these three parameters vary over the extent of the embossed structure location-dependent such that the tilting effect of the first motif is complemented by a movement effect.
- This movement Maschinen may be a linear motion effect, but is preferably a pump, a beating and / or a rotation effect.
- the cells of the embossed structure preferably have a uniform shape (or outer contour), in particular therefore contour and size.
- the cells of the embossed structure differ from each other in the orientation of the surface elements and / or the presence of the surface elements.
- the motion effect and the subject tilt effect each have a color contrast of the color-colorful, colorful-achromatic or achromatic-achromatic.
- the color contrast type of the movement effect differs from the color contrast type of the tilting effect.
- the color contrast in the movement effect and / or in the motif tilt effect is chosen so that the effect is clearly perceptible to the viewer.
- a light-to-dark contrast is used for a colored or uncoloured color.
- complementary colors can be used for a color-and-color contrast.
- Motivkipp is preferred the type colorful-colorful or achromatic-achromatic.
- a light or dark subject appears instead of a darker or brighter background - with unchanged color - when the surface elements reflect or shadow, for example.
- the motion effect is then preferably of the color contrast type colorful-achromatic.
- This type of contrast can be achieved in particular by an imprint in bright colors and an achromatic, in particular metallically reflecting, base area.
- the subject tilt effect is of the colorful-achromatic type.
- the color contrast of the tilt effect is given by the (color or color) of the recognizable (presented) motif in contrast to the (color or non-colored) color without a motif.
- the color contrast of the movement effect is given by the (chromatic or achromatic) color of the moving subject in contrast to the still background color (chromatic or uncoloured).
- achromatic - as usual - white, black and all shades of gray are called, including seemingly metallic shades of gray.
- a printing screen Arranged above the stamping structure is a printing screen, which is designed in particular such that each cell is covered by at least one screen element, such as line, dot or symbol (partially or completely).
- a printing screen By varying the position of the raster element on the cell, orientation of the raster element on the cell and shape of the raster element over the extent of the embossed structure in a location-dependent manner, the raster generates a movement effect when the security element is tilted. The tilting effect generated by the embossing structure is thus complemented by the movement effect.
- a further group of surface elements can be provided, which presents a third motif with a motif tilt effect in such a way that a motif change from the first motif to the third motif arises.
- Each motif is visible in its own viewing angle range, since the groups of partial surfaces of the optically variable embossing structure are effective only in a certain viewing angle range.
- the motif shown changes. This is called a motif change.
- the first motif and the third motif may be spaced apart from one another, adjoining one another or at least partially overlapping, in particular being arranged overlapping to a surface portion of 20% to 100% of the smaller of the two motifs.
- the surface elements of the two groups are aligned along a common preferred direction.
- the tilting effect can be achieved, for example, by shading, covering or reflection.
- the surface elements modulate in the The viewing angle area arranged the incoming light so that the subject of their group becomes visible.
- the non-parallel aligned surface of the cells can - in the group of viewing angles assigned to one group - shade or cover up an effective group of faces.
- the surface elements are preferably aligned with each other so that the surface elements of at least two groups are each visible from separate viewing angle ranges. In this way, each group is visible only in its associated angular range. If one tilts the security element, a hitherto effective area element group is hidden and another group becomes visible and thus its motive.
- the cells can be formed as continuous, adjacent grooves, on the flanks of which lie a multiplicity of surface elements.
- the surface elements of one of the groups are located on one of the flank side of the gutters. If one tilts the security element transversely to the longitudinal direction of the gutters, the Motivkipp bin.
- the cells may in particular comprise elongated ridge lines with roof surfaces, wherein the partial surfaces are arranged on the roof surfaces.
- the surface elements of a group then lie on a roof surface.
- the faces may be substantially inverse to the geometry of that edge of the gutter or roof surface on which they lie.
- Inverse means that the geometry of the partial surface of the mirrored geometry of the flank of the gutter or roof surface corresponds to a mirror plane perpendicular to the surface of the security element centered to the flank (eg roof surface) and parallel to the base line of the Flank are aligned.
- the reflection corresponds to a rotation through 180 ° about an axis that is perpendicular to the surface of the security element.
- the geometry of the partial surfaces corresponds to the geometry of the roof surfaces on the opposite flank.
- this edge preferably has an angle between 60 and 90 ° to the level of the security element. This is due to the fact that the recesses in an embossing plate, which generate embossed structures of the security element, generally can not be produced with an exactly vertical flank.
- at least one of the groups is provided in an outline form, which codes a first information which is visually recognizable to the observer only in a first viewing angle range. When viewing the security element vertically, this first information is not visible.
- the first group of surface elements thus generates additional information in addition to the outline which the embossed structure may have, which of course can code another piece of information.
- the first information is visible only in the associated viewing angle of the surface elements of the first group, at other viewing angles and in particular in direct plan view, it remains hidden.
- the second group has a different outline, so that second information is coded from the viewing direction assigned to the second group.
- the geometry of the surface elements of the second group corresponds to Forms of the principle of the geometry of the surface elements of the first group, ie they are in turn carried out almost inversely to the geometry of the opposite edge.
- the cells are formed in these embodiments by portions of the embossing structure in which the respective surface elements are provided.
- the surface elements are arranged in a two-dimensional grid, wherein not all raster positions must be filled. Rather, in embodiments, they act as pixels that are or are not occupied by contrast-changing area elements depending on the motif to be generated.
- the embossed structure is not limited to the fact that the partial surfaces are formed on a basic structure passing over the cells, for example on gutters or ridge lines. Rather, it is also possible to design the cells individually with regard to their surface inclination so that the illumination is reflected in a specific viewing angle range in a specific manner, so that the viewer sees a tilting effect for the information.
- Each cell in this context, acts as a pixel that is light or dark at a particular viewing angle, depending on the surface tilt of the cell. This will display the information. In a certain viewing angle range, the information is recognizable, whereby it optionally changes as the viewing angle is varied within the specific viewing angle range, that is to say given a corresponding tilting of the security element.
- the tipping information may include motifs, images, logos, etc.
- the security element offers by the tilting effect at least two different information that can be seen in different viewing angle ranges.
- For two pieces of information is a first piece of information in a first viewing angle range and a second information in a second viewing angle range.
- Each information is assigned to a group. This is understood to mean a group of cells which together form the pixels representing the respective information.
- the cells of the group usually have the same value for one of several parameters of the surface orientation, for example the same direction of the fall line.
- the groups then differ in this parameter; The distinguishing parameter, in that they differ (and in turn have a constant value), separates the viewing angle range for the two pieces of information.
- a variation of another parameter causes the surface orientation, e.g. As an inclination angle, within a group, the tipping effect, ie the change in the information shown.
- Motifs or images - preferably at least two - can be represented by the tilting effect in the security element by providing a corresponding number of groups of cells. They differ by a parameter of the surface orientation, z. As inclination angle (local course or constant for the entire surface), surface height difference or direction of the fall line. This one parameter is preferably constant within each group (but different than in the other groups). In this way, the information encoded by the groups is separated. In embodiments, another parameter within each group may be varied to impart the tilting effect. For example, it is possible to distinguish the groups by the direction of the fall line. The viewing angle ranges then differ by the rotational position of the security element in a plane that is spanned by the security element. The information can be seen at different azimuth angles. Within each group can z. For example, the surface inclination of the surface elements may be varied so that as the elevation angle of the observation changes, the corresponding information encoded by the group at the appropriate azimuth angle changes in accordance with the tilting effect.
- the cells divide the two-dimensional ground plane of the security element according to a 2D pattern. Regular cells are preferred, but this is not the only option.
- Honeycomb cells are known. Equally possible are triangular or square cells. There is no restriction on point-symmetric cells. Pentagonal cells or rectangular cells are also possible.
- the base area of a cell is understood to be the area that results when the plan view of the ground plane of the security element is vertical, for example the plane of a substrate into which the embossed structure is embossed. It is irrelevant to the surface elements, whether they are designed as raised structures or as recessed structures. In recessed structures they do not protrude, but form depressions. Mixed forms are possible.
- the security element contains at least two groups of cells, which differ in terms of the surface structure of their surface elements.
- the term is with flat facets on the angle of inclination and also related to the direction of surface tilt. It is not limited to a flat inclined surface, but also includes angled and non-linear, ie curved surfaces.
- the surface orientation is characterized eg by the surface height difference, ie the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point, or by the course or the position of the fall line. In the case of planar facets, this information can be expressed by the azimuth angle, ie the angle of the fall line, and the angle of inclination, ie the (possibly average) slope of the inclined surface.
- the basic height, ie the distance to a reference plane is not relevant for the optical effect of the surface elements per se. It rather depends on relative heights. So you can choose them largely freely depending on the tooling and embossing.
- the line master is often addressed. It is understood that this is not to exclude that the coating has more than one line grid or has a grid with other raster elements.
- the statements made then apply in each case to at least one, but typically even to all line masters of the coating or to other grid elements.
- the coating and embossing structure are combined such that in the area covered with the line master, essentially every cell is covered by a line for at least one, but preferably for all line masters.
- At least one of the parameters mentioned varies depending on the location over the extent of the optically variable structure in such a way that the additional movement effect is produced by at least one, but preferably all lines, of the tilting of the security element.
- the same also applies to the embodiments described below with at least one further line master below the background layer or with a second coating having at least one nem printed line grid.
- the line grid can be printed on the contrasting background layer, which in this case is preferably applied over the entire area in the region of the optically variable structure.
- the line grid may be printed first and the contrasting background layer then applied with corresponding recesses, or the line screen may be exposed after the application of the contrasting background layer by their areal removal and thereby release the view of the line grid.
- the background layer and the line grid can also be applied side by side. In all cases, the background layer provides a visual background for the motion effect created by the line grid.
- the contrasting background layer is advantageously formed by a highly reflective background layer / in particular by a silvery, gold or copper-colored film or a metallic printing layer, for example a silver-, gold- or copper-colored printing layer, but there are also metallized, in particular metallic steamed film strips or patches as a background layer into consideration.
- Aluminum can be used in particular as the metallic coating material.
- the metallic pressure layer and the vapor-deposited metal layer may be provided on an adhesion-promoting layer, for example a screen-printed glossy primer layer.
- the silver, gold or copper-colored printing layer can be applied in particular by screen printing or flexographic printing or as an offset ink.
- the metal layer can be transferred by means of a (cold or hot) transfer method, in particular together with (or without) a laminated carrier layer, such as carrier film, or laminated with a carrier film.
- a laminated carrier layer such as carrier film, or laminated with a carrier film.
- the contrasting background layer is a colored, in particular monochrome (eg white) background layer, a glossy background layer, such as a screen-printed glossy primer layer with or without pigments or fillers, or the opaque or glossy surface of the substrate of the security element itself is formed. If the contrasting background layer is not a highly reflective layer, the line grid is advantageously printed with a high areal density.
- the substrate may be opaque or transparent or at least translucent in the region of the embossed structure. If the substrate is transparent or translucent there, the optically variable structure can be viewed from both the front and the back.
- the security element then advantageously has a two-sided design, in which a movement effect becomes visible when viewed from opposite sides. This may be the same movement effect, possibly with a different colored appearance, but also different movement effects.
- a transparent or translucent region in the substrate may be formed, for example, by a transparent polymer region in an otherwise opaque polymer substrate, by a hybrid substrate having a transparent hybrid window, by a transparent polymer substrate having partial opaque ink acceptor layers, or by a through opening in any substrate. in particular a paper substrate, which is covered with a transparent, printable film strip or patch.
- the coating in an advantageous embodiment, on the one hand, comprises the already mentioned line screen as the first line screen, which in this embodiment is arranged on the background layer.
- the coating comprises at least one further line grid arranged below the background layer and contrasting with the background layer.
- At least one line segment of a line of the further line grid lies essentially on each embossing element, and for the further line grid at least one of the parameters 'position of the line segment on the cell, orientation of the line segment on the cell' and 'shape of the line segment' varies over the extent - tion of the optically variable structure location-dependent, so that the movement effect, in particular a pumping or rotation effect arises by the further line grid when tilting the security element.
- the line grids arranged on the background layer and the line grids arranged below the background layer use the same embossed structure and the same background layer.
- the background layer is advantageously opaque, in particular highly reflective, and contains no recesses at least in the regions of the applied line raster in order to avoid crosstalk of the information visible on opposite sides.
- the cells are preferably arranged in a square grid, rectangular grid, diamond grid, hexagonal grid or parallelogram grid.
- the grid width or grid width Wp of the cell grid result from the Distance ap between centers of neighboring cells.
- the cell size dp is advantageously between 50 ⁇ and 1000 ⁇ , in particular between 200 ⁇ ⁇ and 500 ⁇ .
- the cell size and thus also the screen width Wp can be constant or location-dependent. Particularly preferred are rasters with the symmetry of a square, rectangle or hexagon grid and with a constant raster width Wp, ie constant cell size.
- a location-dependent screen ruling can arise in particular by a juxtaposition of sub-grids with different, but within a sub-grid of constant screen ruling.
- sub-grids of rotationally symmetrical cells can alternate with sub-grids of elongate cells, which advantageously have different screen rulings due to the different shape of the cells.
- the sub-grids of elongated cells can also each only be one-dimensional, that is, consist of nx 1 mutually parallel elements.
- the sub-grids of elongated cells can be formed in advantageous embodiments in the form of a pattern, of characters or a coding.
- the line grid of the coating advantageously contains a multiplicity of non-cutting and preferably almost, but not completely parallel lines.
- the lines optionally have a largely but not completely constant spacing along the longitudinal extent of the lines. Since the lines are then not completely parallel, the line grid has no exact screen ruling, however, a mean grid size WL of the line grid can be specified by averaging the distance of adjacent lines over the longitudinal extent of the lines and the lines present in the line grid.
- the statement that the lines have a largely constant distance then means that the distance between two adjacent lines along more than 90% of the longitudinal extent of the two lines to less than 20%, preferably less than 10%, deviates from the mean distance between the two lines.
- the line grid and the cell grid are coordinated so that the grid width Wp of the cell grid in a direction perpendicular or below 60 ° to the line grid is substantially equal to the average grid width WL of the line grid. In this way it can be ensured that the line segments of the lines of the line grid each come to lie essentially completely on the cells of the cell grid.
- the position of a line segment on a cell is advantageously given by a phase function ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) which depends on the position (x, y) of the cell in the optically variable structure and whose function value is the relative position of the line segment on the cell vertically indicates the length extension of the line segment normalized to the unit interval [0,1].
- the phase function ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) varies depending on the location so that when tilting the security element of the motion effect, in particular a pumping or rotation effect arises.
- the phase function ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) depends directly, in particular linearly, on the angle between the position (x, y) of the cell and a fixed reference point (xo, yo) in the optically variable structure, so that during tilting of the security element creates a rotation effect around the reference point (xo, yo).
- the coating may advantageously also comprise two or more line screens, the parameters 'position of the line on the cell', orientation of the line on the cell 'and' shape of the cell Line for the lines of each line grid vary independently.
- line grids can produce different motion effects or motion effects in the same or different, especially opposite directions.
- the lines of different line grids are applied with different colors in order to differentiate visually the motion effects of the two line grids.
- the lines of a line grid may already have locally different colors in order to produce differently colored areas of the movement effect.
- the preferred directions of two or more line grids then advantageously include an angle of approximately 60 ° or approximately 90 ° with one another.
- the coating of a security element can have several subareas in which the line rasters each generate different motion effects. The subregions may be arranged in particular in the form of patterns, characters or an encoding, so that additional information is created by the regionally different movement effects.
- a partial area may be designed in the form of a value number and show the tilting effect, while the surrounding partial area shows a rotating effect.
- the one or more line grids are recessed in the subregion, so that there are no line segments on the cells in the subregion.
- the lines may be formed in the subarea without a location-dependent variation and run at a certain distance exactly parallel to one another.
- the line grid can be seen in the sub-region when tilting the security element then only from a certain viewing direction, when at the same time the embossed structure is channel-shaped and the lines are on a flank.
- the line segments in the subarea can be overprinted with a strongly opaque color.
- the embossed structure may be recessed in the partial area, so that the line segments of the line grid in the subarea no cells are assigned.
- the visual impression of the subarea does not change due to the lack of spatial depth and the resulting lack of dependence on the viewing direction.
- the line widths of the printed line grids are advantageously less than 0.5 times the grid width Wp of the cell grid. They are preferably in the range of 25 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ , preferably in the range of 25 ⁇ to 250 ⁇ and more preferably in the range of 25 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ .
- the lines can have a constant line width or the line width can change along the longitudinal extent of the lines, in particular be increased, reduced or modulated on one or two sides.
- the lines of the printed line grid can be displayed both as positive (printed) and as negative (recessed in the printed image) lines.
- the indicated line widths in the case of positive lines refer to the widths of the areas actually printed or covered with ink, or in the case of negative lines to the widths of recessed line spaces without color.
- the (line or dot) raster can be applied, for example, by gravure or gravure printing, in offset, nyloprint, flexo, digital, inkjet or screen printing, whereby both oxidative and UV-drying inks can be used.
- the color of the printed line grid or, if two or more, applied with different colors line grid are provided, at least the color of one of the line grid luminescent, in particular fluorescent properties.
- the color of the printed line raster or, if two or more, applied with different colors line raster, at least the color of the line grid consist of a color mixture containing at least one laser-absorbing mixture component ,
- a laser By applying a laser, such a color in the recess can be selectively changed.
- the basic principle of such a method is explained in WO 2016/020066 or DE 102013000152, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present description to this extent.
- the shape of the cells can be varied locally. It is thus possible, for example, for cells whose surface elements in a 2D pattern are lined up in such a way that they cover the surface of the embossed structure to proceed to cells which are arranged as surface elements on an elongated channel structure. It is also possible to move from cells which are essentially rotationally symmetrical in shape (ie cells which are either rotationally symmetric or whose corners are located on a circle) to elongate cells, ie cells whose longitudinal dimension is significantly larger than their transverse dimension, in particular at least 2 or 3 times as large.
- the imprint may be at least partially colored, so that the movement effect and the tilting effect each have a color contrast of the type colorful-colorful, colorful-achromatic or achromatic-achromatic.
- the color contrast types may differ from the motion effect and the tilt effect.
- the security element requires the corresponding means for producing the embossed structure for its production. It can not therefore be imitated by comparatively simple techniques available to counterfeiters. On the one hand, you have to produce stamping plates with exact and comparatively strong depressions. On the other hand, the substrate to be embossed must be embossed with high mechanical pressure without damaging it by means of cuts or averages.
- the embossed structures are produced by means of the intaglio printing process, which is known from banknote printing and can not be imitated by counterfeiters or only with considerable technical effort.
- imprints can be produced in gravure printing, planographic printing, flat / round principle, round / round principle, flat / flat principle. It can be provided separately embossing suitable embossing machines or the embossing can also be done in a paint or offset work.
- the embossed structures on the flanks merge softly into one another, ie flank angles of more than 70 ° should be avoided as much as possible, so that no injuries to the substrate can occur, such as the aforementioned angles or averages for a paper substrate.
- the steepness of the embossed structures or their flanks influences the tear behavior of the substrate.
- the embossing structures are particularly preferred. arranged turned to the axis of the embossing cylinder, preferably by about 5 °, so that they do not run parallel to the axis of the embossing cylinder.
- the engraving depth of the structures in an embossing plate for the production of embossing structures of the invention is 5 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ , preferably 30 ⁇ to 150 ⁇ and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ to 130 ⁇ .
- the height of the raised embossing structures that can be produced with such a stamping plate is dependent on the substrate in which the embossed structures are embossed. In the case of a cotton substrate, for example, the height of the embossed structures can be about 90% of the engraving depth and, for example, only 30% in the case of a plastic substrate.
- the length of a pyramid edge is 20 ⁇ m to 4000 ⁇ m, preferably 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 120 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m.
- the distance between individual embossed structures is 0 ⁇ to 600 ⁇ , preferably 0 ⁇ to 300 ⁇ and more preferably 2 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ .
- recessed embossing elements are possible instead of raised embossing elements.
- the embossing elements do not protrude out of the plane of the substrate surface, but form recesses in the substrate surface, the embossing elements thus protrude into the substrate.
- the depressions in an embossing plate for producing the embossed structures are preferably removed with a laser from the embossing plate to a higher aspect ratio of depth t to width b of the steep flanks t / b from 1.5 to about 12, ie a flank angle of 48 ° to 85 °, to obtain a greater variety of geometries and sharper and more detailed and clearly demarcating information content.
- the embossing is made mechanically more stable and the information content on the sides is reproduced clearly separated from one another.
- the embossing and the printing of the substrate are carried out in one operation, for example by using an ink-bearing intaglio printing.
- the wells of a gravure printing plate are at least partially filled with one or more different colors, so that not only deformed or embossed when printing the substrate of the printed material, but also applied with color.
- the substrate preferably comprises paper and / or a film, in particular a translucent film.
- the substrate, in particular the translucent film is preferably already provided with a reflective layer.
- the substrate is completely made of either paper or plastic.
- the substrate can also be made of different materials in some areas, and in particular in a range of paper and at the same time in another area made of plastic, preferably from a translucent film exist. This makes it possible to emboss different materials as a substrate in one operation.
- Translucent foil here means either a transparent or a semitransparent film, for example a translucent film which contains, for example, polyamide, polyester, polyethylene or biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP).
- the embossing elements are introduced into a translucent film.
- this translucent foil may at least partially cover an opening in an opaque value document.
- at least a part of the non-linear embossing elements is designed tactile detectable, so that the viewer not only visually recognize them, but also can feel, for example, with the fingertips.
- the embossed structure is advantageously provided with a transparent cover layer, for example a lacquer or filling, which levels the cells and thus in particular prevents a moldability of the optically variable structure.
- the transparent cover layer forms a flat surface or a more planar surface than the embossed structure.
- a substrate of the security element are in particular support materials made of cotton fibers, wood fibers (paper, cardboard) or polymers in question.
- the substrate can be multilayered. In particular, it can consist of only one material, for example several paper layers, cardboard layers or polymer layers, or have a hybrid structure of different materials, such as polymer film and paper or cardboard layer layer.
- the security element can be part of a data carrier providing the substrate, so that the substrate of the security element represents a part of the substrate of the data carrier.
- the security element can also be applied with its substrate to a data carrier or incorporated into a data carrier, so that the security element and the data carrier each have their own, separate substrate.
- the invention also includes a data carrier with a security element of the type described, wherein the security element in advantageous Gestal- is arranged in or over a window area or a through opening of the data carrier.
- a security element of the type described wherein the security element in advantageous Gestal- is arranged in or over a window area or a through opening of the data carrier.
- the data carrier can be a value document, such as a banknote, in particular a paper banknote, a polymer banknote or a composite film banknote, a share, a bond, a certificate, a coupon, a check, a high-quality admission ticket, but also an identification card, such as a credit card, a bank card, a cash card, an authorization card, an identity card or pass personalization page act.
- a banknote in particular a paper banknote, a polymer banknote or a composite film banknote, a share, a bond, a certificate, a coupon, a check, a high-quality admission ticket
- an identification card such as a credit card, a bank card, a cash card, an authorization card, an identity card or pass personalization page act.
- the data carrier or the product or a packaging has a film element, which is secured by the security element by the security element extending over at least a portion of the film element and at least one adjacent to the film element region of the data carrier. A possible manipulation or even removal of the film element then falls immediately because of the overlapping security element.
- the film element may in particular be formed by a security strip, a security thread or a patch.
- a value document for example, a banknote, an identity document, a check, an electronically readable card with a security element of the type mentioned is provided.
- the security element can be applied with its embossed structure on the corresponding object or with in the article itself, so in particular an embossed structure in the substrate of the article, are formed.
- a product or a product packaging is equipped with the security element for product protection or as protection against product counterfeiting.
- a value document for example a banknote, an identity document, a check, an electronically readable card, a product or a product packaging is provided with a security element of the type mentioned.
- a product is equipped with the security element to protect against counterfeiting.
- the security element can be applied with its embossed structure on the corresponding object or with in the article itself, so in particular an embossed structure in the substrate of the article, are formed.
- a product or a product packaging is equipped with the security element for product protection or as protection against product counterfeiting.
- it is provided to form the security element directly on an object, for example a housing or a structural element of an article, by embossing and coating directly on the structural element of the article.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a banknote with a security element, a schematic representation of the structure of the security element of FIG. 1, FIGS. 3a-b representations of cells of the security element of FIG. 1 in different views,
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a security element according to FIG. 1 with a region which codes two information
- FIG. 5 shows a representation similar to FIG. 4, wherein the two information items are arranged in front of a background
- 6 shows an embodiment of an embossing structure for plastically appearing information
- Fig. 7 is a representation similar to Figure 5 for the explanation of
- Fig. 8a-b a prismatic embossed structure in cross section with a
- FIG. 9 shows an arrangement of different embossing structures in a security element
- Fig. 11 shows an advantageous embodiment of the embossing structure of the figure
- Fig. 13 is a plan view of a security element with different
- FIG. 14 shows a representation similar to FIG. 13 for another embodiment, FIG. 14 shows cells of an embossed structure which codes two information.
- Fig. 15 is a view similar to Figure 13 to illustrate the
- FIG. 15 shows a detail enlargement of FIG. 15 for clarifying the line grid and relevant variables which describe the line grid, various positions in the line of the line grid on the cells, a further illustration of a line grid on an embossed structure,
- FIG. 1 shows a banknote B which has a security element S.
- the security element S can also be formed at other locations of the banknote. It may also be formed on a product, ie an article, or its packaging.
- the security element S has an embossed structure which is coated with a line grid.
- First, how the embossed structure can be configured will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 14. With reference to Figure 15, the arrangement of the line grid on the embossed structures will be described. Subsequently, the description explained with reference to the figures 16 to 22 possible embodiments of the line grid before the remaining figures discuss the interaction and the combination effect of embossed structure and line grid generated thereby.
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the embossing structure of the security element S, in which a plurality of honeycomb-shaped cells 1, 2 are provided which differ with respect to an associated information. The cells 1 represent in a manner to be explained a first information I and the cells 2 a second information II.
- the height of a honeycomb cell, the z. B. was embossed by intaglio printing in a paper substrate is between 10 ⁇ and 2 mm, preferably between 30 ⁇ and 0.5 mm and more preferably between 50 ⁇ and 0.3 mm.
- Each cell is provided with a facet inclined in a certain direction, which reflects light from one direction.
- the surface of the cell is oriented in a different direction, so that the cells 1 present the information I from a first viewing direction and make the cells 2 read the information II from a different direction. tung.
- FIG. 3 a shows, by way of example, the orientation of the planar facets, which are illustrated here by way of example, by arrows 3, 4.
- the arrows 3, 4 indicate the direction of the fall line along which a facet is inclined.
- Figure 3b shows a section through the cell 1 along the arrow 3, Figure 3c through the cell 2 along the arrow 4.
- the cell 1, which generates the information I has a facet 7 with an inclination angle of ctl and a depth of tl.
- the angle of inclination is related to the plane E of the substrate or an embossing plate surface, with which the embossing of the substrate takes place.
- the cell 2 which generates the information II has a facet 9 with an inclination angle of ct2 and a depth of t2.
- the depths t1, t2 indicate the surface height difference of the facet 7, 9.
- depth t (and thus the surface height difference) and inclination angle et are linked by the extent a.
- the angle of inclination is decisive for the reflection properties.
- the depth is one for the production of important parameters. When intaglio printing, the depth between 0 and 350 ⁇ can be adjusted, preferably a range 10 and 120 ⁇ . Depending on the height a of the cell, this results in an inclination angle ⁇ between 0 and 80 °, preferably between 10 and 70 °.
- the contrast of the coded information I or II depends inter alia on the steepness of the return edge 8, 10 from the facet 7, 9 to the surface level E. The steeper the return edge 8, 10 and the closer it is to an angle of 90 ° with respect to the plane E, the more contrast-rich, the information I or II are distinguished.
- the cells 1, 2 fill a desired area.
- the outline of this area can be chosen arbitrarily.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment with a substantially rectangular area.
- the cells may have a semi-transparent or opaque reflective layer.
- the reflective layer is preferably a metallic or high-index layer.
- the reflective layer can be applied before or after the introduction of the embossed structure, in particular over its entire surface.
- the reflective layer is created by printing a paint (or a paint) with metallic pigments.
- the metallic pigments are nanoscale pigments or planar pigments, in particular with an average length in the range from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the planar pigments can be rigid or flexible enough to conform to the embossed structure. It would be less cost-effective, the reflective
- the reflective layer is produced by means of printing processes (eg offset, screen printing), then printed in color and then embossed. Alternatively, the reflective layer is first embossed and then printed in color. In further preferred embodiments, the reflective layer is applied to the film as a film application (eg as a hot or cold transfer film) or as a laminated metallic layer. It is then printed in color using a printing process and (optional before or after printing).
- the cells have a minimum size of more than ⁇ , preferably more than 30 ⁇ , in particular more than ⁇ , but are at most 1 mm in size.
- the minimum size for example a width, a diagonal, a diameter or an edge length of a cell, is measured laterally, ie in relation to the basic level.
- the embossing height is at most 300 ⁇ , preferably at most 150 ⁇ , more preferably at most 100 ⁇ , and is in particular in the range of 10 to 120 ⁇ , preferably 25 to 100 ⁇ , more preferably 25 to 50 ⁇ .
- the aspect ratio (height to width) is preferably 1: 1.3.
- the area of the cells is between 100 microns 2 and 1 mm 2, preferably be- see 900 ⁇ 2 and 250,000 ⁇ 2, in particular between 10,000 and 250,000 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2, more preferably between 90,000 and 250,000 m 2 ⁇ ⁇ . 2
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary 2D pattern of the cells 1, 2 for representing the two information I and II.
- the information I is the capital letter "A" whose area is occupied by cells 1.
- the area assigned to the information II corresponds to the capital letter "B” and is occupied by cells 2.
- the areas which do not belong to either of the two information I and II are filled with cells for a background H. If the cells 1, 2 are designed in accordance with FIG. 3, the information I or II appears depending on the azimuth angle of the observation.
- the regions not filled with cells in FIG. 5 within the sections which code the information in I and II can be filled with cells 1 or 2, so that a further increase in contrast results for the information. They can also be filled with cells for the background H, resulting in a more uniform appearance. However, more than two pieces of information in the embossed structure can also be coded.
- FIG. 5 shows that the cells 1 and 2 have a certain orientation of the facets 7, 9, which ensures that the coded information I or II respectively changes in a tilting effect. Further, optionally, each information may change when tilted within a viewing angle range. This property is shown in FIG. In the figure, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the fall line and the angle of the angle of inclination al.
- the information I can be recognized in a certain viewing angle range and changes in the sense of a plastic appearance when the security element S is tilted in this viewing angle range.
- the information II is distinguished from the information I in that the fall line has a different direction.
- the information I and II are respectively recognizable if the security element is rotated around the surface normal, which lies perpendicular to the security element.
- FIG. 7 shows, by way of example, the variation of the angle of inclination for the information I.
- FIG. 7 shows no cells for the second information II.
- the regions for the information I and II are arranged side by side. This is optional. In the sense of a higher security against forgery, it is preferred that the regions overlap one another, ie the cells 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 4, are arranged nested one inside the other. This is to be understood as meaning that cells 1 and cells 2 adjoin one another several times, ie not only at a boundary between two regions, as is the case in FIG. 5, but that cells 1 surround cells 2 and vice versa.
- Such an embodiment has the advantage that on the same surface of the security element, the information I and II appear depending on the azimuth angle of consideration.
- a cell type pattern preferably contains a regularly repeating arrangement of cells of two, preferably three, more preferably four, different types of cell types.
- FIGS. 8a to 12 relate to an alternative embodiment of the embossed structure.
- FIGS. 8a and 8b schematically show a substrate in cross-section into which a pyramid-shaped or prism-shaped embossed structure 11 is embossed, wherein the embossing structure 11 presents different information depending on the viewing angle.
- the information on the left flank of the embossed structure 11 is coded by an additional surface element 12, which has a left flank 14, which is aligned almost perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and a right flank 13, which is parallel or nearly parallel is aligned with the right flank of the embossed structure 11.
- Parallel or nearly parallel here means that the angle between the right flank 13 and the substrate is equal to or nearly equal to the angle.
- the surface element 12 is executed inversely or nearly inversely to the left flank of the embossed structure 11.
- two information are coded by two surface elements 12 and 12 'on the left and the right flank of the embossed structure 11.
- the surface element 12 ' has a right flank 14', which is aligned almost perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, and a left flank 13 ', which is aligned parallel or nearly parallel to the left flank of the embossed structure 11.
- the surface element 12 ' inversely or almost inversely to the right flank of the embossed structure 11 by reflection of the incident on the differently inclined flanks light in different angular ranges results in a tilting effect.
- a tilting effect results from shading of the left flank of the embossed structure 11 in FIG. 8a or both flanks in FIG. 8b.
- 8a sees a viewer from above on the embossed structure 11 or on the right flank of the embossed structure 11, he sees the embossed structure 11 without shading by the surface element 12, whereas he with a view of the left flank this with a shading by the surface element 12th looks and this looks darker, for example.
- different information can be represented by the surface element 12 than by the surface element 12 ', if the surface elements 12 and 12' are repeatedly arranged on the substrate in a suitable manner (see also FIG.
- FIG. 9a shows two motifs that are prism-shaped due to the arrangement of different surface elements on the basic shape Embossed structures are presented.
- Figure 9a which shows the security element in plan view, the different information I and II are shown in different hatchings for better illustration.
- the embossed structures on the security element run as channels in the exemplary embodiment from left to right.
- FIGS. 9b to 9e show the cross-section or end face of the embossed structure in the different regions of FIG. 9a.
- Figure 9b shows the embossing structure 21 in the box shown in white in Figure 9a, which contains no additional information, i. the field appears as a background. This field is formed by a prism-shaped embossed structure 21 which has no surface elements.
- FIG. 9c shows the embossed structure 22 in the field hatched in FIG. 9a from bottom left to top right, the outline of which shows a first information I in the form of a star, which is recognizable only in a first viewing angle range.
- the star is encoded by surface elements located on the right flank of the prismatic basic shape. They lead to a changed reflection behavior of the embossed structure 22.
- FIG. 9d shows the embossing structure 23 for the field hatched from top left to top right, the outline of which comprises a second information II in the form of a Seas, which is recognizable only under a second viewing angle range, which is different from the first viewing angle range and / or this only partially overlaps.
- the heart is formed by the embossing structure 23 according to FIG. 9 c, which has one or more surface elements on the left flank of the prismatic basic structure. It also leads to a changed reflection behavior of the embossed structure 23, among other things by the described shading. When viewed from above on the embossed structure, ie in an angular range around the vertical to the security element, disappears the second additional information, ie the heart.
- FIG. 9e shows the region in which the first and the second information I and II overlap.
- the star can be seen in the first viewing angle range and the heart in the second viewing angle range, for which purpose the embossed structure 24 according to FIG. 9e is formed.
- FIGS. 10 a and b show two variants in an oblique view, as the surface element 12 'can be arranged on or in the flank of the prism-shaped embossed structure 11.
- the surface element 12 ' is placed on the flank of the prism-shaped embossing structure 11;
- the flank has a recess 15, into which the surface element 12 'is introduced.
- the embodiments based on the surface element 12 'in FIGS. 10a and 10b likewise apply to the surface elements on the opposite flank, that is to the surface elements 12. It is particularly advantageous if, according to FIG.
- FIGS. 10a and 10b show surface elements 12 ', which are significantly shorter than the prismatic basic shape of the embossing structure 11. This can be used to encode pixel-like information through a plurality of surface elements 12 and 12'. Each cell is then formed by the longitudinal extension of the surface elements 12 and 12 'along the extension of the roof surface-like prism structure 11. This represents a modification to the construction of FIGS. 9a to 9b, in which the surface elements 12 and 12 'passed over the entire longitudinal extent of the prism structure 21 to 24.
- the embossed structure is not limited to a prismatic basic shape. Rather, it is equally possible to create the cells which act as pixels by using a pyramidal basic shape for the embossed structure.
- FIG. 12 represents a pyramidal embossing structure 16, which has a rectangular or square base.
- the surface element 12 is formed, which essentially corresponds in its function to the surface element 12 of the pyramidal basic structure 11, for example corresponds to the surface element of Figure 10a.
- An education with a recess 15 as in Figure 10b is equally possible.
- the surface element 12 has the same effect as the surface element 12 in the illustration of FIG. 8a in a viewing direction which extends substantially perpendicularly to the roof surface on which the surface element 12 is formed.
- the size of a pixel is then automatically given by the base of the pyramid 16.
- the use of the pyramids has the advantage that a pyramid on the four roof surfaces four different orientations for the surface elements provides and thus you can encode four different information.
- 13 shows a schematic arrangement for displaying two pieces of information, here the capital letter "E” and a cross
- E the capital letter "E”
- a cross a prism-shaped design of the roof surfaces and surface elements according to FIGS.
- the trough-shaped embossing structure has a multiplicity of cells, which are respectively designed in accordance with Figure 10a or 10b. Each cell then corresponds to a box of the F 13, wherein the corresponding reference symbols which are assigned to the hatching symbolize the arrangement of the surface element on the left, the right or on both flanks of the channel-shaped embossed structure.
- the embossed structure carries both a surface element for the representation of one information and a surface element for the representation of the other information.
- FIG. 14 relates to an embodiment in which a single cell encodes only one of two pieces of information, for example because it is omitted with a sloped surface according to the design of Figures 2 or because it omits to provide two different face members 12 and 12 'simultaneously , In the overlap area, the information is therefore, as also indicated in this case in Figure 5, achieved by interleaving the cells that are assigned to the different information.
- FIG. 14 uses, by way of example, the reference symbols 1 and 2 in order to indicate the different cells according to FIG. 2; this is purely exem- plary.
- FIG. 15 shows the two information coded by the embossed structure in a representation according to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- lines of a line grid 30 are printed on the cells 34, each cell 34 being covered by a line of the line screen 30.
- the properties of the line grid 30 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 17 to 22.
- Figure 16 illustrates the occurrence of the conspicuous, e.g. colored motion effect. It shows a plan view of a section of the security element of FIG. 15, wherein the cells 34 are symbolized only by way of example by round circles.
- the security element S receives an optically variable structure, which is formed by a combination of the embossed structure and a coating.
- the coating comprises, for example, a highly reflective background layer, in For example, a full-surface reflective silver-colored print layer with high gloss value, the screen-printed silver
- the silver background layer 26 gives the security element 12 its basically shiny metallic appearance. It is provided with the information by the embossed structure.
- a colored, for example, gold-colored line grid 30 of a plurality of substantially identically oriented lines 32 is printed.
- the lines 32 do not intersect each other and have a largely but not completely constant spacing along the longitudinal extent of the lines and are therefore also referred to as almost parallel in the context of this description.
- the line width b of the lines 32 in the exemplary embodiment is the same for all lines 32 and constant along the longitudinal extent of the lines.
- the coating formed by the background layer and the line grid 30 is combined with the embossing structure, which here consists of a two-dimensional square grid of the cells 34.
- the grid width Wp of the cell grid is slightly larger than the base area diameter dp and, in the exemplary embodiment, is 1.2 * dp, so that the grid width Wp of the embossing element grid is likewise 300 ⁇ m and therefore coincides with the average screen ruling WL of the line screen.
- each cell 34 should basically carry a line segment 36, but due to the concrete nature of the lines 32, there may also be some cells 34 in the embossed structure on which no line segment 36 is to be located certain subregion of the embossed structure is deliberately not covered with line segments in order to generate a static substructure within the dynamic motion effect of the optically variable structure.
- the relative location of a line segment 36 and associated cells 34 on which this line segment 36 lies is indicated by the position of the line segment 36 on the cell 34 and by the orientation of the line segment 36 on the cell 34. If, in addition, the shape of the line segment 36, in particular the line width b and the color of the line segment 36, are indicated, the position and appearance of a particular line segment 36 are completely characterized.
- this line segment position may be indicated by a location-dependent phase function ⁇ (x, y) which depends on the position (x, y) of the cell 34 within the optically variable structure and whose function value is the relative position of the line segment 36 on the cell perpendicular to the linear extension of the line segment 36, normalized to the unit interval [0, 1], indicates.
- ⁇ (x, y) which depends on the position (x, y) of the cell 34 within the optically variable structure and whose function value is the relative position of the line segment 36 on the cell perpendicular to the linear extension of the line segment 36, normalized to the unit interval [0, 1], indicates.
- the line segments 36 on the cells 34 By a location-dependent variation of the position of the line segments 36 on the cells 34, a variety of different motion effects when tilting the security element 12 can be realized. All these different motion effects can be described by a corresponding location-dependent phase function cp (x, y).
- the line segments 36 arranged on the cells 34 produce a different color and brightness impression which, in the case of a location-dependent position of the lines on the cells 34, also depends on the position of the respective cell 34 within the optically variable structure. Therefore, the line structure already exhibits a predetermined motive when viewed from a fixed viewing direction, such as waveform 60 shown in Fig. 23.
- phase function ⁇ (x, y) mod (FIG. 4 * arg (x + iy) / (2n), 1), where mod (x, y) represents the modulo function and arg (z) the argument of a complex number.
- FIG. 18 shows, in a two-dimensional projection, a detail of the associated line grid 30 of the security element S with the line segments 36 arranged according to the phase function pi (x, y) and the cells 34 indicated in the outline because of the missing spatial depth in the two-dimensional projection the thus lacking dependence of the visual impression on the viewing direction does not occur in the projection of FIG. 18 of the described rotation effect, it arises only in one true three-dimensional, embossed security element S.
- the line segments 36 which were previously located at the highest point, reach the lower flanks of the cells 34 as a result of the tilting, and therefore visually return.
- the line segments 36 previously lying on the upper flanks are tilted to the highest point, so that they now dominate the visual appearance.
- the associated cells 34 are all substantially along the diagonal 52 rotated counterclockwise by an angle 18 so that after tilt 16 there is an appearance with four vanes rotated counterclockwise by an angle 18 results. Accordingly, due to a tilting of the security element 12 upward, an apparent rotation of the blades in a clockwise direction. As can further be seen in FIG.
- the described principle is not limited to designs with a single line grid, but the coating of a security element may also contain two or more line grids, for the line segments of each line grid the parameters' position of the line on the cell, orientation of the line on the cell 1 and 'Shape of the line' can vary independently of each other.
- FIG. 19 shows the security element with two line grids.
- the embossing structure already described above is combined with a coating which, in addition to the highly reflective background layer, contains two line screens 72, 74.
- the red line grid 72 in cooperation with the embossing structure 22, creates a red windmill structure with four wings which, when the security element 70 is tilted, rotate downward in the clockwise direction.
- the phase function q) 3 (x, y) is rotated by 45 ° to the right in relation to the phase function ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ ), and their function values also decrease with increasing angle.
- the blue line grid therefore generates, in interaction with the embossed structure, a blue windmill structure with four wings, which are rotated in the starting position when viewed perpendicularly by 45 ° against the wings of the red windmill structure, and when the security element 70 is tilted to turn clockwise.
- a security element with two opposing colored rotation effects is very conspicuous to the observer and therefore has a high attention and recognition value.
- a further exemplary embodiment of a security element 90 with different-colored line grids 92, 94 is shown in FIG. 20, wherein for the sake of simplicity, only the line grids without the projected cells are shown. are.
- the line grids 92, 94 are printed with different colors, such as red and blue screen-printed.
- the security element 90 When viewed vertically, the security element 90, which is provided with a highly reflective background layer 26 and the two line grids 92, 94, alternately shows vertical red and blue stripes which, when tilting the security element in the tilting direction 96, seem to move to the right or left, ie an orthoparallactic Movement behavior, in which the direction of movement is perpendicular to the tilting direction, show. Because of the opposing slope of the lines in the two subregions 98-L and 98-R, the apparent movement in the two subregions is mirror image of each other, so that, for example, when tilting the security element 90 down the vertical red and blue stripes in the subregion 98-L to the left and to the right in subsection 98-R.
- the plurality of line grids 102, 104 of a security element 100 can also be perpendicular to one another, for example in the case of a square cell grid, as illustrated in FIG. 21.
- the lines of the line grid 102 extend substantially along the x-axis and therefore create a movement effect when tilting the security element 100 in FIG. 21
- FIG. 22 shows a plan view of a section of a security element 200.
- the embossing structure 202 of the security element 200 also has a partial area 204 with elongate cells 206 in addition to the two-dimensional grid of rotationally symmetrical cells. You can, as previously explained, for example, elliptical, oval or channel-shaped.
- the elongated cells 206 lie with their longitudinal direction parallel to the x-axis and their transverse direction parallel to the y-axis.
- the different, elongate shape of the cells 206 leads in the partial area 204 only when tilted about the y-axis to perceptible deviations in the appearance produced by the line grid 30 appearance.
- FIG. 23 shows that the motifs produced by the tilting effect, which are provided by the embossed structures, advantageously interact with one another with the movement effect which is caused by the printed line grid, since both effects occur when the security element is tilted.
- the information I (and optionally also information II) is generated by the embossing structure.
- the representation of a value number "50" as the first motive and of a boat as the third motive When tilting, the value only becomes visible in the given viewing angle range, before you can only see the boat, which is optionally no longer visible, even if it is tilted further.
- the observer prefers first to see the moving subject 60 and the boat II as a static motive.
- the moving subject is a blue wave movement against a metallic gray background (multicolored-achromatic) .
- the boat II is, for example, black or in a dark chromatic hue, such as dark green, designed. given viewing angle range, the value I appears as a brighter area so gray, possibly metallic, or light green (achromatic-achromatic or colorful).
- the line structure generates the undulating motion effect during tilting.
- FIG. 24a shows the imprint of the line structure 30 on the embossed structure 11 embodied here as an exemplary prism-shaped basic structure in a perspective view
- FIG. 24 shows the cross-sectional view.
- the position of the lines 30, which deviates from the exact parallelism as described, automatically ensures that along the embossing structures 11 there are upper and lower sections of the line structure.
- a movement effect results, for example in the form of a running effect, as it is present in FIG. 23 in the form of the moving wave structure.
- FIG. 25 shows by way of example a possible arrangement of differently colored lines 30a, 30b on a honeycomb embossing structure here.
- the lines 30a, 30b are larger in width than the height of a cell 34, so that they each cover a plurality of cells.
- the two right representations in FIG. 25 are a sectional view through the dot-dash line of the left-hand illustration for two different variants.
- the embossing structure is shaped in a shape similar to that of a blaze grating having a different structural size, such that the lines 30a, 30b are stepped.
- the embossing structures are arranged in the form of an inclined plane.
- Such embossed structures which form cells that adjoin one another in some areas with a common slope, can be overlaid with the line structure. be printed.
- the slope of the individual cells 34 only affects the brilliance of the color appearance under the exact viewing angle.
- the inner circle diameter of a cell 34 in this embodiment is smaller than the line width of a line 30a, 30b. In the illustration of FIG. 25, when the grid is tilted, a color change takes place at the same time as a movement effect.
- each cell 34 is covered by a line. As the middle cell row shows, the coverage can also be very low (compare with the top line of the line grid structures 30b).
- Figure 27 shows two optional aspects. On the one hand, it is possible to print only partial areas of the embossed structuring door with different line gratings, as shown, for example, with reference to the differently long colored lines 30a and 30b. In addition, it is possible to vary the shape of the cells 34.
- FIG. 27 shows a first region with honeycomb-shaped cells 34, a further region with longitudinally extending cells 34 and, in between, a transition zone in which the shape of the honeycomb structure is aligned with the longitudinally extended shape.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL18745823T PL3655254T3 (pl) | 2017-07-21 | 2018-07-18 | Element bezpieczeństwa ze zmienną optycznie strukturą tłoczoną |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017006949.2A DE102017006949A1 (de) | 2017-07-21 | 2017-07-21 | Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler Prägestruktur |
| PCT/EP2018/000374 WO2019015802A1 (de) | 2017-07-21 | 2018-07-18 | Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler prägestruktur |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3655254A1 true EP3655254A1 (de) | 2020-05-27 |
| EP3655254B1 EP3655254B1 (de) | 2022-05-04 |
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| EP18745823.7A Active EP3655254B1 (de) | 2017-07-21 | 2018-07-18 | Sicherheitselement mit optisch variabler prägestruktur |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3655254B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102017006949A1 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL3655254T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019015802A1 (de) |
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| PL449590A1 (pl) * | 2024-08-27 | 2026-03-02 | Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych Spółka Akcyjna | Dokument zabezpieczony |
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| DE10044465A1 (de) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-21 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Datenträger mit einem optisch variablen Element |
| DE102007035161A1 (de) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-01-29 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit mehreren optisch variablen Strukturen |
| DE102011114645A1 (de) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit einer optisch variablen Struktur aus Mikrospiegeln |
| DE102011114647A1 (de) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit mehreren optisch variablen Strukturen |
| DE102013000152A1 (de) | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-10 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselements mit einer lasersensitiven Aufzeichnungsschicht |
| DE102014018512A1 (de) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Optisch variables Sicherheitselement |
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2017
- 2017-07-21 DE DE102017006949.2A patent/DE102017006949A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2018
- 2018-07-18 PL PL18745823T patent/PL3655254T3/pl unknown
- 2018-07-18 WO PCT/EP2018/000374 patent/WO2019015802A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-07-18 EP EP18745823.7A patent/EP3655254B1/de active Active
Also Published As
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|---|---|
| EP3655254B1 (de) | 2022-05-04 |
| WO2019015802A1 (de) | 2019-01-24 |
| DE102017006949A1 (de) | 2019-01-24 |
| PL3655254T3 (pl) | 2022-06-20 |
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