Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
  • A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
  • A01G9/1415—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material with double or multiple walls
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
  • A01G9/1407—Greenhouses of flexible synthetic material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

• the present invention is in the field of agricultural installations and relates more particularly to a greenhouse adapted to the cultivation of food crops and other plants, equipped with an improved means of tensioning its cover.
• greenhouses used in the agricultural field are formed of a metal frame anchored to the ground and a transparent cover to the light affixed and stretched on the frame. This cover determines, in combination with the frame, a volume under shelter, usually in the form of a tunnel in which the food crops are grown. The cultivation of these plants is carried out either in the ground or above ground in appropriate receptacles.
• the framework of such greenhouses is usually constituted by a plurality of metal frame members, erected vertically on the ground, each forming vaults at least in the upper part. These frame members are anchored to the ground by their lower ends. Furthermore, these frame members are joined to each other by horizontal lateral rails and one or ridge elements materializing the ridge line of the tunnel that forms the greenhouse.
• the roof in association with the frame, forms on both sides of the ridge, two sections of roof, inclined from said ridge to the ground.
• Each roof pan is usually set at its lower horizontal edge than a horizontal frame element of the greenhouse.
• This horizontal fixing element is usually constituted by a profile with a longitudinal groove provided to receive the greenhouse cover attachment.
• the attachment of the cover is usually provided by locking keys engaged in the groove of the profile to pinch the cover.
• the cover of a greenhouse is usually formed of a flexible wall of synthetic material transparent to light, waterproof and air, but it can also be formed by a net.
• the cover can also be formed by two flexible walls, made of synthetic, light-transparent, watertight and airtight, arranged superimposed, determining between them one or more sealed chambers designed to be inflated with pressurized air.
• Such a configuration provides the greenhouse with thermal insulation by forming a double wall system and an air cushion insulation between the walls.
• Greenhouses equipped with blankets forming double walls are known from the prior art.
• SEBA SEBA
• the document FR 2 315 844 SEBA
• the cover is formed of two juxtaposed films joined by their edges including the channels.
• these two films are based on their median zone on the corresponding ridge.
• the chambers thus formed are inflated by pressurized air, and determine the two roof panels that comprise the greenhouse.
• These two chambers are in communication relation with each other so that it is not possible to simultaneously maintain one of them in an inflated state and the other in a deflated state.
• Such a configuration would find its interest particularly at certain times of the day especially in the early hours of the day to let a maximum of brightness and heat rays through the roof panel exposed to the east by emptying the room of the latter of all his air.
• the present invention aims to solve the drawbacks mentioned by proposing a greenhouse with simplified tensioning means of its cover capable of maintaining the stretched coverage regardless of the degree of defectiveness or weakening of the attachment of said cover to the backbone.
• Another object of the present invention is a greenhouse whose cover, in combination with the framework, forms two roof panels, each arranged in double walls, each determining a sealed chamber intended to be inflated or deflated at the request and that of independently of the room of the other pan.
• one roof section can be maintained in an inflated state while the other is maintained in a deflated state.
• Another object of the present invention is a greenhouse for which the side panels are always held in tension whether in an inflated state or in a deflated state.
• the greenhouse according to the invention comprising a metal carrier structure forming a vault structure at least in the upper part, formed of successive parallel arches, which vault structure is supported by posts anchored to the ground, has a ridge element and is completely covered by a flexible cover having two large opposite faces, one of which, is facing the inner volume of the greenhouse and the other, upper, is turned towards the outside of said volume, said cover determining in combination with the vault structure, two roof panels extending from the ridge element downwards, which roof panels are fixed by their horizontal bottom edge to two lateral fixing systems that comprise the frame on either side of the vault structure, the rainwater outlet gutters being arranged in fixation on the framework of either side of said vault structure, is essentially characterized by a means for tensioning the independent cover of the two fastening systems which are arranged at a distance from said means for tensioning the cover.
• the tensioning means is configured capable of occupying, at the command, a retracted state according to which it exerts no tensioning force on the cover and an extended state in which it exerts efforts on said cover so that the latter is maintained in tension between the two fastening systems, the forces applied to the cover being distributed along at least one line parallel to the ridge.
• the or each tensioning means at least in its deployed state, forms an extra thickness on the arch structure.
• the or each tensioning means acts on at least one large face of the cover and exerts on said large face normal forces of thrust and or traction.
• the or each tensioning means is parallel to the ridge.
• the at least one tensioning means runs along the ridge of the vault structure and is fixed thereto.
• the ridge is arranged in fixing section, the tensioning means 3 being fixed to said profile.
• the or each tensioning means is disposed under the cover 2.
• At least one means of tensioning is integrated in the cover.
• the or each tensioning means is constituted by at least one elongate, elongated, radially expandable strand disposed in contact with the cover.
• the or each coil comprises at least one sealed internal chamber and receives in said chamber a pressurized gaseous fluid which solicits it in radial expansion, said gaseous fluid being delivered by a source of gaseous fluid connected to said chamber by a supply line.
• the tensioning means is constituted by two inflatable tubes, parallel, separated from each other by a longitudinal zone of attachment to the ridge element.
• the one or one of the tensioning means is covered by the cover and is constituted by convex ridges, the convexity of each of which is oriented upwards, said bites being formed in ridge, each between two arches of the vault structure.
• the cover of the greenhouse is formed of a single flexible wall, the or each tensioning means being constituted by an inflatable bead formed by a sealed channel formed in said cover.
• the cover is formed of two superimposed flexible walls, upper and lower, fixed to one another by their longitudinal and lateral edges, forming in combination with the arch structure a first roof panel and a second roof panel both extending from the ridge downwards, said roof panels being each formed of a lower wall panel and an upper wall panel and each forming between the panels upper and lower wall, a housing in which is disposed at least one tensioning means of the cover of the greenhouse, consisting of an inflatable bead, elastic extending parallel to the ridge line.
• the cover of the greenhouse is formed of two superposed flexible walls, upper and lower, fixed to one another by their longitudinal and lateral edges, forming in combination with the structure a first roof section and a second roof section both extending from the ridge downwards, the two flexible walls forming a housing in which is disposed a tensioning means consisting of an elastic inflatable ring.
• the inflatable bead is disposed in line with the ridge element parallel to the latter and the tensioning means is held in place at the ridge element by means of long lateral links fixed on the one hand to said means. tensioning and secondly to the fastening elements.
• the cover is formed of two superimposed, watertight, airtight flexible walls, upper and lower, fixed to one another by their longitudinal and lateral edges, forming in combination with the vault structure a first roof panel and a second roof panel both extending from the ridge downward, said roof panels being each formed of a lower wall panel and a upper wall panel and each forming between the upper and lower wall sections, a sealed chamber adapted to be inflated with a heat-insulating gaseous fluid, under pressure, said roof panels being fixed by their horizontal bottom edge to the fastening elements and each comprising at least one pressurized fluid supply mouth of their sealed chamber, said mouth being connected to a source of fluid under pressure by via a non-return valve.
• the non-return valve comprises a valve body comprising a through bore or a channel, a seat at one end of the channel and a sealing shutter, and biased towards the seat, that is to say towards a closed position under the effect of the action of the pressure and that the flap is formed by a flexible membrane provided with a leak indicator element.
• a greenhouse of the multi-tunnel type each tunnel having two side gutters
• the gutters of each tunnel are each formed of an inflatable bead, the latter comprising a sealed chamber provided to receive a gaseous fluid under pressure and in that the inflatable tubes vis-à-vis two consecutive tunnels pressurized against each other under the effect of their inflation to form at least one water flow channel, the two said flanges of the one and the other tunnel, by deflating , releasing a ventilation opening.
• each roof section by the cover rests on at least one U-shaped arched support element, fixed at its two ends to the corresponding gutter, the support element being parallel to said roof panel and resting by its summit area on one of the arches of the frame.
• FIG. 1 is a plan view of a multi-tunnel greenhouse according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 is a plan view of a mono-tunnel greenhouse according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the constituent section of the hoops of the greenhouse
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the method of fixing the cover of the greenhouse in the groove of the corresponding arch
• FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a fastening system of the cover
• FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the pneumatic supply of a tensioning means in the form of an inflatable bead
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the attachment mode to the ridge element of the tensioning means in the form of an inflatable bead
• FIG. 8 is a view from above of the method of attachment according to FIG. 7,
• FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the means for tensioning the cover.
• FIG. 10 is a view of a single-tunnel greenhouse whose inflatable double-wall form cover
• FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a gaseous fluid supply installation according to a first embodiment of a greenhouse with inflatable wall panels
• FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a gaseous fluid supply installation according to a second embodiment of a greenhouse with inflatable wall panels
• FIG. 13 is a diagram of a gaseous fluid supply installation according to a third embodiment of a greenhouse with inflatable wall panels
• FIG. 14 schematically shows a greenhouse with inflatable sides according to FIG. 13, whose east-facing pan is in a deflated state
• FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a emptying mouth in the closed position
• FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a dump valve according to FIG. 15 in the open position
• FIG. 17 is a view from above of the emptying mouth according to FIG. 15 or FIG. 16;
• FIGS. 18 and 19 are perspective views, respectively from above and from below; a check valve,
• FIGS. 20 and 21 are exploded perspective views, respectively from above and below, of the non-return valve according to FIGS. 18 and 19,
• FIG. 22 is a sectional view of a non-return valve in the closed position
• FIG. 23 is a sectional view of a non-return valve in the open position
• FIG. 24 is a sectional view of a solenoid valve, in the closed position, formed from the non-return valve according to FIGS. 18 and 19,
• FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the solenoid valve according to FIG. 24, in the open position,
• FIG. 26 is a sectional view of a solenoid valve intended to be situated between the two inflatable sections of a greenhouse tunnel,
• FIG. 27 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a second embodiment of a double wall covering intended to equip the one or one of the tunnels of a greenhouse according to the invention, only the elements essential for understanding of this figure are represented on the latter,
• FIG. 28 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a third embodiment of a double-walled blanket intended to equip the one or one of the tunnels of a greenhouse according to the invention.
• FIG. 29 is a sectional view of a cover according to a fourth embodiment.
• FIG. 30 is a top view of a cover according to a fifth embodiment
• FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a gaseous fluid supply installation, of a gutter consisting of an inflatable bead,
• FIG. 32 is a partial view of two greenhouse tunnels with gutters consisting of inflatable tubes,
• FIG. 33 is a plan view of a gutter in the form of an inflatable bead, in an inflated state, equipped with a compression element,
• FIG. 34 is a plan view of the gutter according to FIG. 33, in a deflated state
• FIG. 35 is a sectional view showing a lateral ventilation system between two greenhouse tunnels
• FIG. 36 is an enlarged scale view of detail A of FIG. 35;
• FIG. 37 is a three-quarter front perspective view of an aeration system according to another embodiment.
• FIG. 38 is a three-quarter rear view of the ventilation system according to FIG. 37.
• FIG. 39 is a plan view of a greenhouse equipped with support elements for the cover.
• FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view of a support member.
• FIG. 41 to 44 show other embodiments of the fastening means to the frame of the greenhouse, a tensioning means in the form of one or more juxtaposed inflatable tubes.
• FIG. 1 shows a greenhouse of the multi-tunnel type whereas in FIG. 2 is shown a mono-tunnel greenhouse.
• These greenhouses according to the invention each comprise a metallic load-bearing framework 1 covered by at least one flexible protective blanket 2 of rectangular shape, having two large opposite faces, one of which, is facing the inner volume of the greenhouse and the other, upper, is facing outwards of the said volume.
• These two types of greenhouse furthermore comprise, each in association with the blanket (s), and in fixing on their framework, two front and rear flanks and two left and right lateral flanks delimiting a volume protected from the weather in which food plants are cultivated. or other plants. As can be seen in FIGS.
• a monotunnel greenhouse is only equipped with a single cover, whereas a multi-tunnel greenhouse is equipped with several covers 2, each one of them ensuring the recovery of a tunnel and one.
• the left and right lateral flanks are carried respectively by the left tunnel frame and the right tunnel frame.
• Each cover 2 and each front, rear and side flank may consist of a protective net or several superimposed protective nets. These nets may be shade nets, insect nets or any other type of net or permeable walls used in agriculture for the protection of cultivated areas and plants.
• the cover 2 and the front, rear and side flanks may also each consist of a flexible wall that is transparent or opaque to light and impervious to water and air, they may also consist of two superimposed flexible walls impermeable to water. water and air, preferably transparent to light, fixed to each other at least by their longitudinal and lateral edges.
• the frame 1, as can be seen in particular in Figures 1 and 2, is formed of poles
• posts 10 support, metal, the same heights, anchored to the ground in a known manner, for example by twisting piles. These posts 10 are arranged in parallel rows, and support two by two at the upper end, metal hoops 1 1, identical, forming, with respect to a single-tunnel greenhouse an elongated vault structure and for a multi greenhouse -tunnels several structures of elongated vaults, parallel to each other.
• each arch 1 1 has at least one longitudinal groove 1 10 ventilation.
• a groove by allowing a natural ventilation of the arch avoids that it does not overheat and eventually deteriorates the cover 2.
• the bow 1 1 has several adjacent grooves 1 10, for example the number of three, figure 3, to reinforce the aforementioned effect.
• these grooves 1 10 allow evacuation to the ground of the condensation water, but also when the cover 2 is formed by a water-repellent net, the evacuation of water flows may form in the contact zone between the hoop and said cover.
• the groove 1 10 With regard to each arch 1 1 end of each vault, the groove 1 10 the more external, is used for fixing the cover 2 (Fig.4).
• the cover is introduced into the groove 1 10 and is blocked by a pinch member 1 1 5 in the form of substantially U-section cross section, with two parallel side wings and a basal wing joined to the lateral wings, said side wings being held in pressure against the cover by a locking key 1 16, of oblong cross section, introduced in clamping between the wings of the clamping profile 1 15.
• the purpose of this key is to oppose the tightening of the lateral wings of the pinch element 1 15.
• the lateral wings of the pinch element 1 15, opposite the basal wing are each provided with a return at right angles forming support wing.
• the nip member 1 and the locking key are preferably constituted by a suitable synthetic material.
• the constituent section of the arch 1 1 has four walls
• the grooves 1 10 are formed by deformation of the wall 1 1 1.
• the rear wall 1 13, opposite the wall 1 1 1 has a longitudinal slot 1 14, median, bordered by two returns at right angles 1 14a both directed towards the front wall 1 1 1.
• each arch structure is joined to each other, in the upper part, by a ridge element 12, consisting of a metal section.
• This metal section is fixed by any known means to the corresponding arches and more precisely to the top area of each of these.
• the ridge element 12 materializes the ridge line that includes the corresponding vault.
• the frame 1 of the greenhouse receives side fixing systems 13 horizontal.
• These fastening systems 13 are attached to the posts 10 of the frame or to the hoops 1 1.
• These fastening systems 13 are designed to receive the blanket 2 in fixing and are each constituted by:
• a rigid fastening section 130 preferably made of metal, comprising at least one longitudinal groove 130 a for fastening
• a pinch element 131 in the form of a section substantially of U-shaped cross-section, designed to be introduced into the groove 130a, said pinch element having two lateral wings and a basal wing, said lateral wings each being extended by a return at right angles forming a support wing,
• a locking key 132 of oblong cross-section intended to be clamped into the nip 131 between the two lateral wings of the latter, in order to oppose the tightening of said lateral wings and to maintain said pinch element 1 31 under pressure against the cover 2.
• Pinch element 131 and lock key 132 are made of a suitable synthetic material.
• the cover 2, for attachment, is engaged in the groove 130a and is held in tightness by the clamping member 131 equipped with its locking key 1 32, the locking key opposing the tightening of the lateral wings of the pinch element.
• the greenhouse frame 1, on either side of the or each vault structure, receives fixing horizontal gutters 6 rainwater evacuation.
• the arch structure as described receives in cover the flexible protective cover 2, which is fixed in particular by its longitudinal edges, to the fastening systems 13.
• the flexible protective cover 2 on the frame and more particularly on the arch structure, forms two roof panels 20a, 20b inclined downwards from the ridge element 12.
• These two roof panels depending on the type of roof greenhouse can run to the ground, in which case the frame of the greenhouse is integrally formed by the arch structure.
• the vault structure is carried by independent posts 10 and the greenhouse under the fastening systems 13, may include side panels of walls.
• the cover 2 is subjected to at least one tensioning means 3 parallel to the ridge line 12 of the greenhouse, said tensioning means 3 being able to exert on the cover 2 normal forces , directed upwards or downwards, under the effect of the action of which said cover is put in tension.
• these normal forces are distributed continuously along a line parallel to the ridge line and not in a specific manner, which guarantees a uniform tensioning of the cover 2. Moreover, this provision ensures the maintenance of the cover 2 in a tense condition even in the event of a loss of effectiveness in fixing said cover to the fastening systems 13.
• the zone of action of these forces extends substantially over the length of the cover 2, it being understood that this dimension of length is that parallel to the ridge line.
• the cover 2 rests on the tensioning means 3 and the latter acts on the large lower face of said cover 2 and exerts normal thrust forces upwards thereon.
• the tensioning means is therefore under the cover and is protected by the latter.
• large lower face it is meant that turned down and located next to the internal volume of the greenhouse.
• the tensioning means 3 acts on the outer face of the cover 2 and exerts normal pulling forces directed downwards.
• the tensioning means 3 can be constituted by a rigid elongated element applied against the cover 2 either by actuators or by elastic members or by a combination of these two mechanical means, but preferably the means of implementation.
• tension 3 is constituted by at least one elongate, radially expandable, elastic bead resting on the vault structure and developing parallel to the ridge 12, this elastic bead 3 being covered by the cover 2.
• the beading means in tension 3 is supported on the ridge element 12 and along the latter.
• the or each elastic bead 3 is able to exert on the cover 2, more particularly on the underside of the latter, upward normal upward pushing forces, under the effect of which said cover 2 is tensioning between the two lateral systems of Fixing 13.
• the two roof panels 20a, 20b that form the cover 2 are stretched uniformly between the fastening systems 13 and the tensioning means 3 and provide an appearance free of creases and other reliefs of a nature to retain water and dust.
• the tensioning means 3 is able to be maintained in a retracted state in which no pressure is exerted on the cover.
• the elastic bead 3 constituting the tensioning means is of the inflatable type and is essentially formed of a flexible wall 3a which is watertight, preferably transparent to the light, defining at least one internal sealed chamber 30 connected to a source of gaseous fluid under pressure 4 through a feed mouth formed in the wall 3a and a supply line 33 connected to said mouth (Fig.6).
• a check valve 7 will preferably be installed on the supply line 33, at the feed mouth to oppose any reflux of the gaseous inflation fluid from the chamber 30 to the source of fluid under pressure 4 .
• the introduction of the gaseous fluid into the chamber 30 biases the inflatable bead in radial expansion.
• the advantage of such an arrangement is its simplicity and ease of implementation.
• this arrangement gives the bead elastic properties and a radial expansion latitude whereby normal thrust forces will always be applied to the cover regardless of the degree of loosening of the binding.
• the gaseous fluid used to inflate the coil 3 is air and the source of pressurized fluid 4 is constituted by a fan, for example of the centrifugal type.
• This fan 4 comprises an electric actuating motor connected to an electric circuit, by the control of which it is possible to introduce on demand into the sealed chamber 30 of the inflatable bead 3, air under pressure. It is therefore understood that the mechanical tension applied to the cover 2 depends on the degree of inflation of the flange and that by control of the fan 4 it is possible to adjust the degree of this mechanical tension.
• the inflatable bead 3 is equipped with a drain mouth formed in its wall 3a.
• This emptying mouth is associated with a solenoid valve 34, of the normally closed type, which may be in the form of a pneumatically or electrically controlled non-return valve in opening.
• the inflatable bead 3 is supported on the ridge 12 of the vault structure and along the latter. It can simply be placed on the ridge element 12 or attached thereto.
• the constituent section of the ridge element 12 is provided with a longitudinal groove 120 and receives space in place, fastening means each comprising a gripping element 121 and a locking key 122.
• Each gripping element 121 is formed by a profile of short length U cross section with two lateral wings and a basal wing .
• Each locking key 122 formed of a section of oblong cross section is provided to be introduced into the corresponding gripping element 121.
• the wall of the coil 3a is introduced into the groove 120 and is held there by the clamping elements 121.
• the locking keys 122 introduced into the gripping elements 121 ensure that the flange 3, the lateral flanges of the gripping element 121, are held against the wall 3a.
• the wall 3a is thus locked between the walls of the groove 120 and the lateral wings of the clamping element 121.
• FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the tensioning means
• the tensioning means is formed of two inflatable, elastic, parallel flanges separated from one another by a longiform continuous fixing zone 31 provided for cooperating in fixing with the element of ridge of the way
• the chambers 30 of the two flanges are fed, preferably, by a single source of pressurized fluid 4. It can be seen in this figure that the flanges 3, by their longitudinal axis AA 'are parallel to the flange. longitudinal axis of the ridge element 12.
• the tensioning means is formed from a tubular sheath having two continuous weld lines 32 delimiting the fastening zone 31.
• the ridge element 12 is arranged in a cradle, the means 3 for tensioning the cover being arranged in fixation or simply in support in said cradle.
• FIG 41 is shown another embodiment of the fastening means, to the frame of the greenhouse, a tensioning means 3 in the form of one or more juxtaposed inflatable tubes.
• These fastening means develop on either side of the tensioning means 3 and secure the latter to the arches January 1 of the greenhouse while ensuring its maintenance on the ridge element 12.
• Each fastening means consists of at least one elastic link 125 and at least one mechanical connection interface fixed to the tensioning means 3 and receiving the elastic link 125 in attachment. This link 125 is fixed to the corresponding hoop 1 1 of the framework 1 of the greenhouse.
• each fastening means is constituted by a disc 126 having a groove 126a in which a portion of the wall of the tensioning means 3, this wall being held firmly in this groove 126a by an elastic ring connected to the elastic link 125.
• this elastic ring is constituted by a loop formed at the end of the link 125. This loop will comprise a noose or equivalent, for example a retaining ring.
• the means for fixing the tensioning means 3 comprises two connecting interfaces 127, fixed to the tensioning means 3, in diametrically opposite ways. These interfaces are formed by two lateral hems, in each of which is engaged a flexible cord 127a forming a anchoring zone with hooks 125a carried by the elastic links 125.
• the lateral hems are integrated with the tensioning means 3 and are pneumatically isolated from the internal volume 30 of the latter by continuous lines of separation, for example in the form of continuous welding lines.
• the fastening means of the tensioning means comprises, as before, two connecting interfaces 128, fixed to the diametrically opposed tensioning means. These interfaces are formed by two lateral hems, and by anchoring eyelets 128a attached to these hems. These eyelets form anchoring zones to hooks 125a carried by the elastic links 125.
• the two hems are integrated with the tensioning means 3 and are pneumatically isolated from the internal volume 30 of the latter by continuous separation lines formed, for example, by continuous weld lines.
• FIG 9 is shown another embodiment of the means 3 of tensioning.
• this tensioning means 3 is provided to be covered by the cover 2, and is arranged in ridge and runs along the ridge element 12.
• This tensioning means 3 is constituted by ridges 35, rigid, convex, the convexity of each is oriented upwards.
• Each line 35 coursing between two consecutive arches 1 1 of the frame 1 and its two ends, is supported by the top of these two arches.
• the plane containing the central longitudinal geometric axis of each line is contained in a vertical geometric plane containing the vertices of each arch.
• the apex of each edge 35 is located at the right of the mid-distance point between the two corresponding consecutive 1 1 arcs.
• each edge 35 is formed by conformation of the ridge element 12, while according to a second embodiment, each edge 35 is constituted by an arcuate element, attached to the ridge element 12.
• This arrangement of burrs 35 reduces the importance of the arrow formed by the cover between two consecutive arches, ensuring, by elevation, a higher tension of said cover, in its central zone, between two consecutive arches.
• This tensioning means as described can be combined with a tensioning means formed by an inflatable or non-inflatable elastic bead as previously described. In this case, the flange 3 will be carried by the arches 35.
• figurel O is shown a mono-tunnel greenhouse but which can be multi-tunnel, equipped with a means of tensioning 3 in ridge and whose cover 2 always rests on said means 3 and is formed of two flexible walls 21, 22 superimposed water-tight, lower 21 and upper 22, fixed to one another by their borders
• first roof pan 20a and a second roof pan 20b both extending from the ridge 12 downwards.
• These two roof panels 20a, 20b are fixed by their horizontal bottom edge to the fastening elements 13.
• these two walls can be formed from a delaminable multilayer film such as that described in the patent
• EP 2 882 586 (PLASTIKA KRITIS) or alternatively by two superposed films. Note in this figure that the tensioning means 3 is formed by an inflatable bead 3.
• each roof section 20a, 20b is formed of a bottom wall section 21 and an upper wall section 22. Between the two wall sections of each roof section 20a, 20b is formed a chamber waterproof 23a for the pan 20a and 23b for the pan 20b. These chambers 23a, 23b are designed to be inflated with a gaseous fluid of thermal insulation under pressure, constituted for example by air.
• each roof section 20a, 20b comprises at least one pressurized fluid supply mouth of its sealed chamber 23a, 23b, said mouth being connected to a source 4 'dedicated pressurized fluid by the intermediate of a supply line 24 (Fig.1 1).
• a source 4 'dedicated pressurized fluid by the intermediate of a supply line 24 (Fig.1 1).
• the two roof panels are associated two sources 4 'of fluid under pressure.
• the chambers 23a, 23b of the two roof panels are fed by a pneumatic distribution assembly connected to a single source of pressurized fluid, and able to control simultaneously inflating the two rooms 23a, 23b or only one of these two.
• each roof pan is a fan, for example a centrifugal fan.
• a check valve 7 is disposed on the supply line of each chamber 23a, 23b to oppose the emptying of said chamber.
• This non-return valve 7 is preferably attached to the edge of the feed mouth of the chamber 23a, 23b of the corresponding roof panel.
• This arrangement ensures on the one hand the tensioning of the walls 21, 22 and therefore of said roof panels 20a, 20b and pneumatically isolates from each other, the two chambers 23a, 23b formed in these two roof panels. It then becomes possible either to inflate the two chambers 23a, 23b and form a double wall system on each of the roof panels 20a, 20b, or to maintain the chamber of one of the two roof panels 20a, 20b in a state inflated, and empty the other chamber of any gaseous thermal insulation fluid. These_dispositions also allow to empty both chambers of any gaseous heat insulation fluid.
• the greenhouses are oriented so that one of their roof panels, for example the first panel 20a, is exposed to the west while the other roof 20b is exposed to the east.
• the two roof panels 20a, 20b can be inflated at night to slow the cooling of the internal volume of the greenhouse.
• the greenhouse is oriented so that one of its two panels, for example, the panel 20a is exposed to the west and the other 20b to the east, the arrangements previously described allow the emptying of the internal chamber. from east-facing pan at sunrise to bring it back into a single-walled roof configuration. In this way the penetration of infrared radiation in the greenhouse will be favored and the warming of the internal volume of the greenhouse will be accelerated.
• the sealed chamber 30 of the inflatable ring 3 and the sealed chamber 23a of the first roof panel 20a are pneumatically arranged in series, the two chambers 23a being supplied with fluid under pressure by the same source of pressurized fluid 4.
• the advantage of such a configuration resides in the fact that only one source of pressurized fluid is used to feed the coil 3 and the first roof section 20a, which is a factor in reducing the cost of the greenhouse.
• the source 4 of fluid under pressure is disposed immediately upstream of the sealed chamber 23a of said coil 3 so that the condensation of the water vapor carried by the pressurized fluid is formed essentially in the chamber 30 of the coil 3. This minimizes the importance of condensation in the sealed chamber of the associated roof panel and the latter can maintain a good transparency.
• the chamber 23a of the roof panel 20a and the chamber 30 of the inflatable coil 3 are fed by their own source of fluid under pressure.
• the sealed chamber 23b of the second roof panel 20b is supplied with gaseous fluid under pressure, of thermal insulation, by a source of pressurized fluid 4 'which is specific to it.
• This source of pressurized fluid 4 ' is formed by a reversible fan actuated by an electric motor known per se.
• This fan is capable of controlling, either to supply pressurized fluid to the sealed chamber 23b of said roof panel 20b to configure the latter in double wall, or to quickly extract this chamber 23b said fluid to configure the roofing panel 20b in single wall.
• the fan is not of the reversible type and one of the two wall panels 21, 22 of the roof panel 20b, preferably the lower wall panel 21, is provided with at least one associated drain valve 25 to a means of opening and closing controlled.
• the opening and closing means is formed of a Solenoid valve 8. The activation of the solenoid valve 8, thus ensures communication between the emptying mouth 25 and the atmosphere. Thus the gaseous fluid present in the chamber 23b can escape to the internal volume of the greenhouse.
• the dump outlet 25 is made in the second roof panel 20b at one of the end hoops 1 1 and the opening means and controlled closure is formed by a cable 9 suitable, under the effect of a tensile force applied by an actuator 90, to tighten and apply against one another the two banks of the emptying mouth 25.
• the upper wall 22 of the cover 2 from its side edge at one of the end hoops 1 1 has two straight cutouts spaced apart from one of the other to form a ribbon 22a and the pinch member 1 15, right of the ribbon 22a formed, is free of key 1 16 blocking, the bottom wall 21 of the cover 2 is always maintained in fixing in the groove 1 10 by said pinch element 1 1 5.
• the locking key 1 16 is formed of two sections of locking key 1 16 spaced apart from each other, developing respectively below and beyond the mouth of This dump outlet 25 is thus formed between the nip 1 15, the ribbon 22a and the corresponding ends of the two locking key sections 1 16.
• Each of the two sections of locking key 1 16 is equipped with a longitudinal canal through which is slidably engaged the cable 9.
• This cable 9 is fixed by one of its outer ends to the key portions 1 16, to the ridge element 12 and by its other end outside the key sections, the actuator 90
• the traction cable 9 is engaged on the ribbon 22a.
• the cable 9 is tensioned and firmly applies the ribbon 22a against the bow 1 1 and more particularly against the pinch profile 1 1 5.
• the emptying mouth 25 is thus closed.
• the ribbon 22a under the effect of the action of the pressure in the chamber 22b is spaced from the pinch element 1 15 which has the effect of opening the mouth dump 25.
• the actuator 90 is constituted by an electric linear cylinder but any other type of motor member adapted to exert a mechanical traction on the cable 9 and to release this traction may be used.
• FIGS. 15 to 17 there is shown a bow 1 1 having only one groove 1 10, but it goes without saying that this bow 1 1 may comprise several grooves 1 10 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
• the inner chambers 23a, 23b of the two roof panels are connected to one another by at least one pipe 26 comprising a solenoid valve 8 'of the normally closed type .
• the solenoid valve 8 'in its state of rest prohibits any movement of fluid from the chamber 23a of the first roof to the chamber 23b of the second.
• the solenoid valve 8 'the communication between the two chambers 23a, 23b of the two roof panels is established.
• the solenoid valve 8 ' may be formed of a non-return valve controlled opening pneumatically or electrically.
• each non-return valve 7 comprises a valve body 70 adapted to be fixed in a sealed manner, on the one hand, to the edge of the mouth of corresponding supply that comprises the element to supply fluid under pressure and, secondly, the supply line of this element.
• This valve body 70 comprises a through bore 71 or channel, provided to be in communication relation with both the supply line and the chamber of the element to supply pressurized fluid.
• this through bore 71 is substantially formed in a sleeve shape 71a that the valve body 70 has.
• This sleeve shape 71a is intended to be fitted into the supply line.
• the valve 7 further comprises a seat 72, formed in the valve body 70 at one end of the channel 71 and a sealing flap 73, shutter biased towards the seat 72, that is to say towards a closed position under the effect of the action of the pressure prevailing in the corresponding chamber.
• the flap 73 is formed by a flexible membrane provided with a leakage indicator element 73a.
• This indicator element 73a is formed by a tail, in the form of a flexible ribbon, developing in the radial extension of the flap 73.
• This indicator element 73a is able to janeyer in the presence of a leakage air stream.
• the valve body 70 is provided with a base 74 provided, on the one hand, to be introduced into the chamber of the element to be powered and on the other hand, intended to be applied to sealingly against the inner face of said chamber, the wall of said element.
• the valve 7 is provided with a removable base 75, provided with a through hole at its center, provided on the one hand, to be engaged, by this drilling, on the sleeve shape 71a and on the other hand provided for to be screwed onto the valve body by means of interlocking shapes and to be sealingly applied by screwing movement, against the wall of said element for supplying fluids under pressure.
• the base 74 is equipped with a cut Vee 74a.
• This cut 74a by passing through a slot made radially in the wall of the element, from the edge of the corresponding feed mouth, allows to introduce into the chamber of said element, the base 74 that includes the valve body 70.
• the solenoid valve 8 is formed of a non-return valve 7 as previously described, and an actuator 80 fixed to the removable base 75.
• the non-return valve 7 is fixed to the edge of the mouth 25 and opposes the emptying of the chamber 23b of the roof panel 20b.
• the actuator 80 is able to actuate in the opening direction the nonreturn valve 7 and more particularly the shutter 73 that it comprises.
• the actuator 80 is formed essentially by an electromagnet and is fixed by the frame 800 of the electromagnet to the removable base 75.
• the movable core that the electromagnet 80 comprises receives a fixed rigid actuator 81 of the flap 73 of the non-return valve.
• This pusher rigid 81 axially extends the movable core of the electromagnet and is engaged in a through bore formed in the removable base 75 of the valve 7.
• the rigid pusher 81 engages in a through bore formed in the first base 74 to act in thrust on the sealed flap 73.
• the flap 73 is moved to an open position. In this position the flap 73 is angularly spaced from the seat 72 and the gaseous fluid contained in the chamber 23b can escape from the latter.
• the through hole that includes the base 74 for the passage of the pusher 81 is formed by the V-shaped cutout that comprises the latter.
• the solenoid valve 8 ' is formed by a non-return valve 7' and an actuator 80 'of the electromagnet type, such a solenoid valve being preferably identical to that previously described.
• the non-return valve 7 ' is identical to the valve 7 and the actuator 80' is identical to the actuator 80.
• each roof panel 20a, 20b are spaced from one another by at least one internal tensioning means 3, introduced into the gap between them and developing parallel to the ridge line.
• this or each tensioning means 3 is formed by an inflatable elastic bead, disposed parallel to the ridge line, fed by a source of air under pressure.
• the or each coil 3 ensures the tensioning of the two walls 21, 22 and consequently the tensioning of at least the corresponding roof panel 20a, 20b.
• the two roof panels 20a, 20b may be separated from each other by a longitudinal junction zone provided to be disposed at right and above the ridge element 12. This junction zone may be delimited by one or more continuous weld lines bonding the two walls 21, 22 to one another. This junction zone will therefore ensure a tight separation between the chambers 23a and 23b of the two roof panels. At least the chamber 23b of the second roof panel will be connected to the atmosphere through an appropriate vent opening.
• FIG 28 is shown a greenhouse with cover 2 formed of two walls 21 and 22 flexible superimposed, lower 21 and upper 22, fixed to one another by their longitudinal edges.
• These walls 21, 22 form in combination with each other a first roof section 20a and a second roof section 20b both extending from the ridge 12 to the ground, said roof panels 20a, 20b being always formed each of a lower wall section and an upper wall section.
• the walls 21 and 22 forming the cover always form a housing in which is disposed an internal tensioning means 3 formed by a flange inflatable.
• the inflatable bead is disposed in line with the ridge element 12 parallel to the latter.
• each lateral link may be constituted by a strap or by an elastic element.
• Another advantage is that the two walls 21, 22 of the cover 2 do not need to be airtight which allows the evacuation of condensation that could form on their internal face to the volume that they determine.
• a cover 2 formed of two walls 21, 22 between which is mounted a tensioning means 3 in the form of inflatable ring, but it may be provided a cover formed of three or more superimposed walls between which will be arranged inflatable tubes.
• FIG. 29 shows a greenhouse cover 2 according to another embodiment incorporating at least one tensioning means 3.
• the greenhouse cover 2 is formed of two covering sections 20a, 20b separated from each other by at least one inflatable bead 3 forming a tensioning means, this inflatable bead 3 being fixed by welding to both sides of cover.
• the or each inflatable bead 3 may be formed by affixing a waterproof band on the cover and fixing this band by welds along its longitudinal edges.
• the tensioning means in the form of an inflatable bead and the two covering sections 20a, 20b are formed in a flexible wall consisting of two superposed sheets connected to one another by at least two lines of continuous welds, distant from each other.
• the inflatable bead 3 is then formed between these two continuous lines of welds.
• the cover 2 of the greenhouse may have along its longitudinal median axis a first zone forming at least one inflatable bead 3, intended to be affixed to the ridge 12 of the corresponding vault structure, and on either side of this first zone, two lateral zones forming the two inflatable sections 20a, 20b of roofing.
• the two lower and upper walls 21, 22 of each of these two roof panels 20a, 20b may be held apart from each other by pressurized air introduced into the sealed chamber they determine.
• the walls 21, 22 may be kept spaced from each other by at least one tensioning means preferably formed by at least one inflatable bead supplied with pressurized air by a source of pressurized air.
• at least one tensioning means preferably formed by at least one inflatable bead supplied with pressurized air by a source of pressurized air.
• two inflatable tubes 3 are provided, preferably supplied by a single source of air under pressure, spaced apart from one another and parallel to the median longitudinal axis of the cover to be parallel to the ridge line.
• This cover 2 can be made from a delaminable multilayer film such as that sold by Ste PLASTICA KRITIS.
• the gutter 6 that includes the greenhouse are each formed of an inflatable elastic bead, the latter having a sealed chamber 60 provided for receiving a gaseous fluid under pressure, for example from the air.
• this chamber is connected by a supply line 61 to a source of pressurized fluid 62 known per se.
• a non-return valve 7 of the type previously described On the pipe 61 is preferably installed a non-return valve 7 of the type previously described.
• the constituent bead of the gutter 6 comprises a discharge valve associated with a solenoid valve 8 of the type previously described.
• Such an inflatable and deflatable elastic flange arrangement 6 is particularly suitable for multi-tunnel greenhouses, the flanges 6 facing each other coming under pressure against each other under the effect of their inflation to form at least a stormwater drainage channel. Thanks to their radial elasticity the gutters can deform under the effect of external mechanical stresses and resume their shape as soon as these stresses cease. Thus, in case of heavy accumulation of snow or hail for example, the constituting strands of gutters 6, under the effect of the weight of precipitation, may be deformed radially, to release openings through which precipitation can flow by gravity to floor.
• Another advantage of such a configuration lies in the fact that by deflating the strands 6, are created longitudinal ventilation openings, lateral to each tunnel, whose banks are formed by the corresponding fastening elements 13. More specifically, each ventilation opening is bordered by the attachment systems 13 of the two corresponding consecutive tunnels.
• the flanges 6 in addition to a gutter function, fulfill the function of shutter elements of the ventilation aperture.
• the retaining posts 10 are inclined towards the longitudinal median plane of the corresponding tunnel.
• the two inflatable tubes 6 of each tunnel may be of the same height and occupy levels of identical heights, as can be seen in Figure 1, but preferably, as can be seen in Figure 32, one of the inflatable tubes 6 each tunnel is of a larger diameter than the other inflatable bead of the same tunnel, the inflatable bead 6 of larger diameter occupying a height level higher than that occupied by the other bead 6.
• each ventilation opening is closed by a large diameter bead and a smaller diameter bead.
• the bulge 6 of larger diameter when inflated is supported not only on the cover 2 of the tunnel to which it is attached but also on the cover 2 of the tunnel vis-à-vis.
• This larger diameter bead 6 also bears on the smaller diameter bead 6 when the latter is inflated, this second bead 6 occupying a lower height level and bearing when inflated on the frame of one and the other tunnels.
• Such an arrangement is likely to facilitate the flow of runoff water to the ends of the two gutters 6 formed by these flanges. More specifically, this configuration allows the creation of a chute shape between the large diameter coil 6 and the coverage of the tunnel to which it is attached and the creation of a chute shape between the small diameter bead 6 and the tunnel cover to which this bead 6 is fixed.
• These provisions also allow, by radial deformation of the rods 6, the evacuation to the ground weight overload of snow or hail.
• these flanges 6 are attached to the corresponding fastening systems 13 and for this purpose the rigid section 130 of each system comprises a second groove
• each strand 6 is encircled along its length, by an elastic compression element 63.
• This resilient retaining member 63 will be fixed from place to place by supports adapted to the fastening element 13 supporting the strand.
• each of the latter an insect net 65.
• the insect net 65 is suspended by two of its borders opposite to the two longitudinal banks of the opening. More specifically, the anti-insect net is attached to the two fastening systems 13 forming the banks of the opening and more particularly to the profiles 130.
• each profile 130 is equipped with a third groove 130a for receiving in fixing the net 65.
• This net as described above, is fixed in the groove 1 30a by a nip section 131 of U-shaped cross-section and by a locking key 1 32 clamped into the nipper section 131.
• a chute 67 for rainwater collection Under the ventilation opening may be arranged a chute 67 for rainwater collection.
• this recovery chute 67 will be formed in the anti-insect net, in the bottom zone of the latter.
• This chute 67 may be constituted by a strip of synthetic waterproof material affixed and fixed against the net.
• the chute is formed by a coating formed in the net with a watertight resin.
• each inflatable bead 6 is supplied with gaseous fluid under pressure by a source of pressurized fluid which may be constituted by the fan 4 or by an additional fan.
• FIGS. 37 and 38 is shown a greenhouse comprising at least one lateral ventilation system according to another embodiment, adapted, when it is actuated to close or release a lateral ventilation opening of said greenhouse.
• the horizontal longitudinal bottom edge of the ventilation opening is formed by a rigid gutter, in the form of a gutter and more particularly by the upper edge of the corresponding lateral flank of this gutter 6.
• the upper edge horizontal longitudinal direction of the ventilation opening is formed by the corresponding fastening system 13 and more particularly by the profile 1 30 of this fastening system.
• the cover 2 of the greenhouse is based on a tensioning means formed by an inflatable ring 3 disposed in ridge.
• the horizontal upper edge 13 is movable between an occlusion position of the lateral opening, according to which it is in leaktight contact with the gutter 6 and a position of clearance of said opening in which it spreads in height from the lower longitudinal edge, that is to say the gutter 6.
• the horizontal upper edge 13 is driven between the two aforementioned positions by the inflatable ring 3 and by a traction means secured to the gutter 6 and the movable upper edge 13 More specifically, this movable edge or fastening system 13 is driven from the occlusion position towards the open position by the inflatable bead 3 and more particularly by the radial expansion of the latter, and is driven from the opening position to the occlusion position by the traction means.
• each carriage 14 is fixed to the profile 130 of the fastening system 13 and comprises a plurality of rollers 141 which enclose the 1 1 arch corresponding. More specifically, each carriage 14 has a trolley body 140, forming a yoke, coming around the hoop and two pairs of rollers 141, namely an upper pair and a lower pair both coming into contact with the hoop 1 1 so to be able to ride on the latter.
• the traction means is formed by a winding shaft 15, held in the gutter 6 and by straps or the like, fixed on the one hand to the fastening element 13 and on the other hand to the winding shaft.
• the winding shaft 15 is held in place in the gutter by stirrups 68 in the form of an inverted U, each having two parallel lateral branches and a basal branch joined to the two lateral branches.
• stirrups 68 are arranged vertically in the gutter 6, overlapping the winding shaft 15 and are fixed to said gutter 6 by the free ends of their lateral branches.
• the winding shaft 15 In order to disengage the lateral opening, the winding shaft 15 is actuated in the direction of unwinding of the straps 16 and the upper edge of the opening, namely the fastening element 13 is driven upwards from the fact of
• the winding shaft 15 In order to seal the lateral opening, the winding shaft 15 is actuated in the direction of the winding of the straps 16 and a traction force is exerted on the fastening system 13 and the cover 2. Under the effect of the tensile force received by the cover 2, the tensioning means 3 is caused to deform radially elastically and then constitutes an elastic member of reminder fit by radial expansion, to drive the fastening system 13 upwards during the unwinding of the straps.
• the straps 16 are replaced by an insect net.
• This nonstick netting will be breathable to ensure aeration but will have mesh sufficiently fine to oppose the introduction of insects in the volume of the greenhouse.
• each roof section, by the cover 2 rests on at least one substantially U-shaped arcuate support member 28 fixed at both ends to a horizontal rigid element which the frame carries or comprises, the support element 28 being parallel to said roof panel and being supported by its top zone on the one of the hoops of the frame.
• Each tubular arcuate support element 28 is advantageously made of synthetic material, typically plastic material. In this way, the weight of the element is decreased.
• Each roof section is supported between two consecutive arches by at least two support elements 28.
• each support element 28 is oriented downwards, towards the corresponding gutter and said element 28 is fixed by its two ends to the gutter, the latter then being rigid and gutter-shaped, either at the Fastening element 13.
• mounting rods are fixed either to the gutter or to the element 13.
• the tubular supports 28 are fitted at their ends to said mounting rods.
• each support element 28 is dimensioned so that its top zone is located substantially midway between the ridge element 12 and the gutter 6. As can be seen both ends of this support element 28 are located respectively on either side of the arch considered equidistant from the latter.
• each support member 28 comprises a drainage groove 280 for the condensation water arranged facing the roofing panel, one of the two lips of said groove 280 being in contact with the roofing roof cover.
• This groove 280 is in communication relationship with the corresponding gutter 6 to conduct the condensation water it collects.
• each support member 28 has a flat bearing surface 281. By this flat face 281, the support member 28 bears on the corresponding arch 1 1.
• Such a support member 28 may be made from the tubular section as described in the patent FR 2 988 710 of the applicant.
• one or more support elements 28 may be placed in the gaps formed between the hoops 1 1.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Family

ID=59859397

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Family Cites Families (9)

• 2017
  • 2017-07-07 FR FR1770734A patent/FR3068569B1/fr active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-07-09 EP EP18738382.3A patent/EP3648571A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-07-09 WO PCT/IB2018/055046 patent/WO2019008558A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-07-09 MA MA050968A patent/MA50968A/fr unknown

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