Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
  • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
  • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
  • H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
  • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
  • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
  • H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a voltage converter, as well as an electrical system, a motor vehicle and a manufacturing method associated therewith.
• At least one power module comprising:
• each controllable switch having two main terminals and a control terminal for selectively opening and closing the controllable switch between its two main terminals, the first main terminal of the first controllable switch being connected at the first bus bar and the second main terminal of the second controllable switch being connected to the second bus bar,
• a third busbar for each pair of controllable switches, a third busbar, the second main terminal of the first controllable switch and the first main terminal of the second controllable switch being connected to the third busbar, at least one capacitor having first and second terminals connected respectively to the first and second bus bars.
• the first and second bus bars are designed to receive a high DC supply voltage.
• the capacitor or capacitors have the function of filtering this supply voltage.
• this or these capacitors have a high capacity, at least equal to 500 micro Farad and are placed in a capacitor block located near the ends of the first and second busbar where the supply voltage is applied.
• the object of the invention is to propose a voltage converter having improved filtering of the supply voltage.
• a voltage converter of the aforementioned type characterized in that there is provided a capacitor for each power module, this capacitor having a value of at least 500 micro Farad, preferably at least 560 micro Farad, and being located sufficiently close to the controllable switches for the bus bars define, for each pair of controllable switches, a conduction path from the first terminal of the capacitor, passing successively by each of these two controllable switches and terminating at the second terminal of the capacitor, this conduction path having an inductance of at most 40 nano Henry, preferably at most 30 nano Henry.
• a capacitor is placed as close as possible to the controllable switches of each power module, which makes it possible to improve the filtering.
• This solution is also more interesting than that which would have been to add, in addition to the capacitor block, small capacitors, for example ceramic capacitors, near the power modules. Indeed, the solution proposed by the invention makes it possible to obtain the same result while limiting the number of electronic components and therefore the cost and size of the voltage converter.
• each conduction path has a length of at most 100 mm, preferably at most 70 mm.
• each of the controllable switches of each power module is located at a distance from an axis on which the capacitor is centered between 10 and 30 mm, preferably between 15 and 25 mm.
• the voltage converter further comprises a heat sink housing having a horizontal periphery surrounding the power module or modules and the associated capacitors, the heat sink housing having, on this horizontal periphery, openings of an air inlet and, at a center, a downward air outlet opening, the at least one capacitor being located closer to a vertical axis passing through the air outlet opening, than the controllable switches .
• controllable switches of each pair are arranged to form a hash arm.
• the voltage converter comprises three power modules each having two pairs of controllable switches.
• an electric motor having phases respectively associated with the power modules, each phase of the electric motor having two ends respectively connected to the two third bus bars of the associated power module.
• the electric motor is adapted to drive wheels of a motor vehicle.
• a motor vehicle comprising an electrical system according to the invention.
• a method of manufacturing a voltage converter according to the invention comprising:
• Figure 1 is an electrical diagram of an electrical system comprising a voltage converter implementing the invention.
• Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of a power module and associated capacitor located in the voltage converter.
• Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of the capacitor alone.
• Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the power module without the capacitor.
• Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of the voltage converter.
• Fig. 6 is a block diagram illustrating steps of a method of manufacturing the voltage converter.
• the electrical system 100 is for example intended to be implanted in a motor vehicle.
• the electrical system 100 firstly comprises a power supply source 102 designed to deliver a DC voltage U, for example between 20 V and 100 V, for example 48 V.
• the power source 102 comprises for example a drums.
• the electrical system 100 further comprises an electric machine 130 having a plurality of phases (not shown) for presenting respective phase voltages.
• the electrical system 100 further comprises a voltage converter 104 connected between the power source 102 and the electrical machine 130 to convert between the DC voltage U and the phase voltages.
• the voltage converter 104 firstly comprises a positive busbar 106 and a negative busbar 108 intended to be connected to the power source 102 to receive the DC voltage U, the positive busbar 106 receiving a high electrical potential. and the negative bus bar 108 receiving a low electrical potential.
• the voltage converter 104 further comprises at least one power module 110 having one or more phase bus bars 122 for respectively being connected to one or more phases of the electrical machine 130, to provide their respective phase voltages.
• the voltage converter 104 comprises three power modules 110 each comprising two phase bus bars 122 connected to two phases of the electrical machine 130.
• the electrical machine 130 comprises two three-phase systems each having three phases, and intended to be electrically out of phase by 120 ° relative to each other.
• the first phase busbars 122 of the power modules 110 are respectively connected to the three phases of the first three-phase system, while the second phase busbars 122 of the respective power modules 110 are respectively connected to the three phases of the second three-phase system.
• Each power module 110 includes, for each phase bus 122, a high side switch 112 connected between the positive bus bar 106 and the phase bus 122 and a low side switch 114 connected between the phase bus 122. and the negative busbar 108.
• the switches 112, 114 are arranged to form a hash arm, wherein the phase busbar 122 forms a midpoint.
• Each switch 112, 114 comprises first and second main terminals 116, 118 and a control terminal 120 for selectively opening and closing the switch 112, 114 between its two main terminals 116, 118 as a function of a control signal which it is applied to him.
• the switches 112, 114 are preferably transistors, for example metal-oxide-semiconductor ("Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor”) field-effect transistors having a gate forming the control terminal. 120, and a drain and a source respectively forming the main terminals 116, 118.
• the switches 112, 114 each have the form of a plate, for example substantially rectangular, having an upper face and a lower face.
• the first main terminal 116 extends on the lower face, while the second main terminal 118 extends on the upper face.
• the lower face forms a heat dissipation face.
• the voltage converter 104 further comprises, for each power module 110, a capacitor 124 having a positive terminal 126 and a negative terminal 128 respectively connected to the positive bus bar 106 and the negative bus bar 108.
• the positive bus bar 106, the negative bus bar 108 and the bus bars 122 are rigid elements designed to withstand electrical currents of at least 1 A. They preferably have a thickness of at least 1 mm.
• the electric machine 130 has both an alternator and an electric motor function. More specifically, the motor vehicle further comprises a heat engine (not shown) having an output axis to which the electric machine 130 is connected by a belt (not shown). The heat engine is intended to drive wheels of the motor vehicle through its output axis.
• the electric machine provides electrical energy towards the power source 102 from the rotation of the output axis.
• the voltage converter 104 then operates as a rectifier. In operation as an electric motor, the electric machine drives the output shaft (in addition to or in place of the engine).
• the voltage converter 104 then functions as an inverter.
• the electric machine 130 is for example located in a gearbox or in a clutch of the motor vehicle or instead of the alternator.
• the busbars 106, 108, 122 respectively comprise planar portions 202, 204, 206 that are horizontal and coplanar, and that extend side by side.
• each controllable switch 112, 114 has the shape of a substantially rectangular plate and its first main terminal 116 extends over at least a portion of a lower face (not visible in the figures), while its second terminal main 118 extends on an upper face.
• the rear face of the first switch 112 is pressed against one of the planar portion 202 of the first bus bar 106 and the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122, so as to connect his first terminal 116 in the example described, the rear face of the first controllable switch 112 is pressed against the planar portion 202 of the first bus bar 106.
• the upper face of the first switch 112 is connected via at least one conductive tab 208 to the other of the planar portion 202 of the first bus bar 106 and the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122, so as to connect its second main terminal 116 to the first bus bar 106 or the third bus bar 122.
• the upper face of the first switch 112 is connected via three tabs 208 to the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122.
• the rear face of the second controllable switch 114 is pressed against one of the flat portion 204 of the second bus bar 108 and the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122 so as to connect its first main terminal 116 to the second bus bar 108 or to the third bus bar 122.
• the rear face of the second switch 114 is pressed against the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122
• the upper face of the second switch 114 is connected via at least one tab 210 to the other of the plane portion 204 of the second bus bar 108 and the flat portion 206 of the third bus bar 122, so as to connect its second main terminal 118 to the second bus bar 108 or the third bus bar 122.
• the upper face of the second switch 114 is connected via at least one conductive tab 210 to the flat portion 204 of the second bus bar 108.
• control terminals 120 of the controllable switches 112, 114 extend in the example described on their upper face and are connected to control pins 212.
• each capacitor 124 has a value of at least 500 Farad micro, preferably at least 560 Farad micro.
• Each capacitor 124 is for example a chemical capacitor.
• Capacitors 124 are large.
• the largest dimension of each capacitor 124 is at least 15 mm.
• this larger dimension is at least 30 mm.
• each capacitor 124 is generally cylindrical in shape with a radius of between 5 and 15 mm and a height of between 18 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 20 mm and 35 mm.
• each capacitor 124 has, on a lower circular face, a central pin forming its first terminal 126 and two lugs forming its second terminal 128.
• the associated capacitor 124 is intended to be centered on an axis 402. Furthermore, the first busbar 106 has a perforation 404 intended to receive the pin forming the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124 and the second busbar 108 has two perforations 406 for respectively receiving the two lugs forming its second terminal 128.
• the busbars 106, 108, 122 define, for each pair of controllable switches 112, 114, a conduction path 408 starting from the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124 (shown in FIG. 4, through the perforation 404), passing successively by each of these two controllable switches 112, 114 and terminating at the second terminal of the capacitor 124 (shown in Figure 4, by one of the perforations 406).
• FIG. 4 only the conduction path 408 of one of the two pairs of controllable switches 112, 114 is shown.
• Another similar conduction path of course also exists for the other pair of controllable switches 112, 114.
• each conduction path 408 is located sufficiently close to the controllable switches 112, 114 for each conduction path 408 to have an inductance of at most 40 nano hen, preferably at most 30 nano hen.
• the conduction path 408 preferably has a length of at most 100 mm, more preferably at most 70 mm.
• each controllable switch 112, 114 is preferably located at a distance of between 10 and 30 mm from the axis 402, more preferably between 15 and 25 mm.
• controllable switches 112, 114 are both, on the one hand, sufficiently far from the axis 402 to allow the capacitor 124 to be installed and, on the other hand, close enough so that each induction path 408 can be short enough to present the desired inductance.
• the controllable switches 112, 114 are located at the four corners of a trapezium having a small base (distance between the two high-side switches 112) and a large base (distance between the two low-side switches). .
• the axis 402 is located less than 10 mm from the middle of the large base.
• the switches 112, 114 surround the capacitor 124, which allows them to be placed near the capacitor 124.
• the voltage converter 104 furthermore comprises a heat dissipating box 502 comprising a horizontal periphery surrounding the power modules 110 and the capacitors 124.
• This horizontal periphery is provided with fins 504 delimiting between them openings.
• the heat dissipating casing 502 has, in one center, an air outlet opening 508 downwards, this air being for cooling the electric machine 130.
• the capacitors 124 are preferably positioned closer to the air outlet opening 508 than the power modules 110, and in particular the controllable switches 112, 114.
• the capacitors 124 are located in the center and the power 110 at the periphery of the voltage converter 104.
• the voltage converter 104 is mounted on the electric motor 130, the latter having a rotor (not shown) forming a fan sucking the air through the air outlet opening 508, so as to establish air flows extending from the air inlet openings 506 to the air outlet opening 508 and cooling the power modules 110, and in particular the controllable switches 112, 114.
• the capacitors 124 do not prevent these air flows from passing through the power modules 110, whereas they are placed respectively closer to the power modules 110.
• a position of the capacitor 124 associated sufficiently close to the controllable switches 112, 114 is determined so that the busbars 106, 108, 122 define, for each pair of controllable switches 112, 114, a conduction path 408 starting from the first terminal 126 of the capacitor 124, passing successively through each of these two controllable switches 112, 114 and terminating at the second terminal 128 of the capacitor 124 having an inductance of at most 40 nano Henry, preferably at most 30 Henry nano.
• This determination can for example be carried out by means of a computer simulation.
• the voltage converter 104 is manufactured by placing, for each power module 110, the capacitor 124 associated with the determined position that was determined in step 602.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Inverter Devices (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=60382286

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2017
  • 2017-06-28 FR FR1755945A patent/FR3068545B1/fr active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-05-29 EP EP18734276.1A patent/EP3646454A1/fr active Pending
  • 2018-05-29 WO PCT/FR2018/051243 patent/WO2019002709A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-05-29 JP JP2019572597A patent/JP6926249B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-05-29 KR KR1020197037624A patent/KR102329085B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2018-05-29 CN CN201880042769.6A patent/CN110832760B/zh active Active

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events