EP3639286A1 - Doppelkontakt-schalter mit vakuumschaltkammern - Google Patents
Doppelkontakt-schalter mit vakuumschaltkammernInfo
- Publication number
- EP3639286A1 EP3639286A1 EP18732274.8A EP18732274A EP3639286A1 EP 3639286 A1 EP3639286 A1 EP 3639286A1 EP 18732274 A EP18732274 A EP 18732274A EP 3639286 A1 EP3639286 A1 EP 3639286A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- interrupter
- vacuum
- contact
- switching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
- H01H33/6647—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having fixed middle contact and two movable contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a double-contact switch with vacuum interrupters, which is particularly suitable for use in a hybrid switching arrangement and a hybrid switching device.
- a hybrid switching arrangement for a hybrid switching device is known, see Fig. 1.
- two serially arranged contact pairs are connected via two independently actuated movable switching electrodes (see therein FIG. 2).
- commutation In a switching operation of one of the two pairs of contacts (“commutation”) is a commutation of the load current to a semiconductor switch, preferably in the form of an IGBT, where this is then performed within a very short time to zero, while the second contact pair (“Disconnect”) Finally, the galvanic isolation of the parallel arrangement responsible for the current shutdown ensures commutation contact - semiconductor switch.
- a welding of switch contacts can v. A. be effected during the mechanical bounce at the moment of re-contacting.
- welding of the commutation contacts in particular, can be successfully prevented by the fact that the load current exclusively flows through the latter during the phase of switching on by short-time activation of the power semiconductor arranged in parallel. Of the Commutation remains thereby load-free during this critical for the welding of contacts phase.
- the object of the present invention is now to further improve the double-contact switch with vacuum interrupters known from WO 2015/091096 A1.
- the axial movement of the movable electrode is limited by the stop means so far that it comes to a stop and a mechanical impulse associated therewith in a normal opening movement in which the movable electrode is moved by a predetermined path the interrupter acts.
- the mechanical impulse is in this case be dimensioned so that any existing welding of the contacts, for example, between a in the interrupter electrode and a fixed electrode can be broken.
- the invention now relates to a double-contact switch having a first and a second tubular vacuum interrupter chamber, which are formed as Operaschalthuntn a interrupter, fixed in the interrupter, disposed between the first and second vacuum interrupter electrode with a first, in the first Vacuum interrupter protruding fixed contact and a second, projecting into the second vacuum interrupter fixed contact, arranged in the first vacuum interrupter and movable in the axial direction of the first electrode with a contact-carrying area which is sealed gas-tight relative to the exterior of the first vacuum interrupter, a in the second vacuum interrupter arranged and movable in this in the axial direction of the second electrode, having a, a contact-carrying area, which is shut off gas-tight relative to the exterior of the second vacuum interrupter chamber.
- the second electrode is fixed with respect to the interrupter, and the first electrode is movable to open and close the contacts with respect to the interrupter.
- the switch stop means are provided such that the axial movement of the first electrode for opening the switch contacts in the vacuum interrupters with respect to the interrupter is limited to a predetermined distance and the collision of the abutment means acting on the interrupter mechanical impulse in the direction of axial movement to break up any existing welding of the contacts is generated.
- the predetermined distance is in particular smaller than a maximum possible switching stroke of the first electrode for opening the switching contacts in the vacuum interrupters. In this way it can be ensured that a sufficiently strong mechanical impulse for breaking up welds is produced when the stop means meet.
- the switch may in particular comprise a housing in which the second electrode is fixed and which has an opening for movably supporting the first electrode.
- the maximum possible switching stroke is in this case by a stop of an upper Front side of the interrupter on the housing defined.
- the housing may also serve to secure an electromechanical drive for the first movable electrode.
- the abutment means may comprise a step in the shaft of the first electrode and a stop surface for the step formed by a cover of the interrupter. In this case, the step abuts the inside of the cover of the interrupter when the first electrode is moved out of the interrupter.
- the abutment means may also comprise a step in the shaft of the first electrode and a stop surface for the step formed by the inside end face of a guide sleeve for the first electrode.
- a guide sleeve has the advantage that shock loads at the meeting of the stop means with a suitable choice of material to no or a much lower impairment of the other, sometimes more sensitive components of the interrupter, since the stage does not impinge directly on these components.
- the step may be incorporated in the shaft of the first electrode.
- the step can also be formed by a separate, fixed to the shaft of the first electrode device.
- the outer diameter of the step is particularly dimensioned such that it can come with an axial movement of the first electrode to no contact with the inside of the gas-tight barrier.
- the distance between the step and the stop surface may be dimensioned in the closed state of the contacts so that it substantially corresponds to a predetermined nominal opening distance of the first fixed contact and the contact-carrying portion of the first electrode.
- the stop means may also have a screen of a gas-tight barrier of the first vacuum switch chamber and a stop surface formed by the inside of a cover of the interrupter for the screen.
- Figs. 2 to 4 are sectional views of double-contact switches with vacuum interrupters according to three different embodiments of the invention.
- identical, functionally identical and functionally connected elements may be provided with the same reference numerals. Absolute values are given below by way of example only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
- FIGS. 1a to 1c illustrate the double-contact switch during a switch-off sequence with previously welded isolating contacts.
- Fig. La shows the double-contact switch 10 and the state of the interrupter 16 in the switched-case.
- the interrupter 16 has a first vacuum interrupter chamber 12 and a second vacuum interrupter chamber 14, both of which are designed as partial interrupters of the interrupter 16.
- a fixed electrode 18 is arranged approximately centrally, which separates the interrupter 16 in the two sub-switching chambers 12 and 14.
- the fixed electrode 18 has a first fixed contact 20 and a second fixed contact 22.
- the two fixed contacts 20 and 22 can be implemented, for example, by the two end faces of the fixed electrode 18.
- the first fixed contact 20 protrudes into the first vacuum interrupter chamber 12 and the second fixed contact into the second vacuum interrupter chamber 14.
- a first electrode 24 which is movable in the axial direction is arranged.
- the electrode 24 has a portion 26 which carries a contact which serves to contact the first fixed contact 20 of the electrode 18 and a first isolating contact, which may serve as a commutation in a hybrid switching arrangement, the switch 10 forms.
- the region 26 and a part of the electrode 24 are shut off gas-tight by means of a metal bellows 28.
- the metal bellows 28 is connected on the one hand to the shaft of the electrode 24 and on the other hand to the front end of the first vacuum interrupter chamber 12.
- a second electrode 30 is disposed with a portion 32 carrying a contact, which in principle is movable in the axial direction as the first electrode 24, but is fixed in the illustrated switch 10 with respect to the interrupter 16 ,
- the fixing of the second electrode 30 can take place in different ways, in the case of the switch 10 shown in FIG. 1 a, the second electrode 30 is fixed to a housing 42 of the switch 10.
- a partial region 32 of the second electrode 30, like the first electrode 24, is closed in a gastight manner by a metal bellows 34.
- the contacts 22 and 32 in this case form a second isolating contact of the switch 10.
- the interrupter 16 is movably mounted with respect to the fixed second electrode 30 and the first electrode 24 is also movably mounted with respect to the interrupter 16 and the second electrode 30.
- the possible axial direction of movement of the first electrode 24 is indicated by the double arrow 40.
- the first electrode 24 In order to open the switching contacts 20, 26 and 22, 32 located in the closed state in FIG. 1a, the first electrode 24 is moved upwards out of the housing 42, as shown in FIG. 1b.
- the axial movement of the first electrode 24 is typically generated by an electromechanical switching drive of a switching device in which the switch 10 is mounted to the housing 42.
- the switching drive can, for example via a clamping connection directly with the shaft of the first Electrode 24 be connected.
- the first contact pair 20, 26 or the first isolating contact of the switch 10 is opened, while the contact pair 22, 32 or the second isolating contact initially remains firmly closed, for example because of a previous welding.
- no movement of the interrupter 16 takes place.
- the axial movement of the first electrode 24 with respect to the interrupter 16 is limited by stop means 36, 38.
- the stop means comprise a step 36 in the shaft of the first electrode 24 and a stop surface 38 formed by the upper cover of the interrupter 16.
- the step 36 when moving out or axial movement of the first electrode 24 to open the contacts 20 and 26 comprehensive release contact after a predetermined distance D on the abutment surface 38 and the cover of the interrupter 16.
- FIG 2 shows a double contact switch 10 ', which is structurally similar to the switch 10 shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, and in which the stop means are likewise formed by a step 36' and the upper cover 38 'of the interrupter 16.
- the step 36 ' may be incorporated into the shaft of the first electrode 24', for example by rotation.
- the step 36 ' may also be formed as a separate component, for example by a spring ring, which is mounted in a groove surrounding the shaft of the first electrode 24'.
- the outer diameter of the step 36 ' is generally selected so that there is no contact with the sensitive metal bellows 28 upon movement of the first electrode 24'.
- the relative movement of the first electrode 24 'with respect to the interrupter 16 is limited by the stop means 36', 38 'to the predetermined distance D', which is in particular smaller than a maximum possible switching stroke of the first electrode 24 '.
- the predetermined distance D ' corresponds to the distance between the step 36' and the inside of the upper cover 38 ', when the contacts 20 and 26 are closed, so the first electrode 24' is not moved out of the interrupter 16, ie in the closed State of the two isolating contacts 20, 26 of the switch 10 '.
- the predetermined distance D ' corresponds to a nominal opening distance of the two contacts 20, 26.
- FIG. 3 shows a double-contact switch 10 "in which, unlike the switch 10 'shown in FIG. 2, the upper cover 38" of the interrupter 16 is not used as a stop surface for a step 36 "of the shaft of the first electrode 24" a guide sleeve 39 ", which is in the upper lid 38" used and in particular made of a plastic.
- the guide sleeve 39 "thus fulfills two functions: on the one hand, it serves as an exact guide for the first movable electrode 24", on the other hand, its inside end face forms a stop surface for the step 36.
- the switch 10 is shown in Figure 3 with both isolating contacts in the closed state 4, in which the predetermined distance D "corresponds to the distance between the step 36" and the inside end face of the guide sleeve 39 "used as the abutment surface,
- the guide sleeve 39" may be made of a special plastic, for example, with the vacuum interrupters usually in order to ensure a centered axial guidance of the movable electrode 24 "during the switching operation
- a permanent fixation of the guide sleeve 39" on the interrupter 16 also for Additional impact stresses can be achieved, for example, by means of a suitable screw connection on the cover 38 "of the interrupter 16.
- a shield 36"' which at least partially surrounds the metal bellows 28, is provided as a stop means.
- the shield 36 "' is attached to the end of the metal bellows 28 attached to the shaft of the first electrode 24"' and is moved by movement of the first electrode 24 "'while simultaneously moving the metal bellows 28 by moving the electrode 24 '' From the interrupter 16 is compressed.
- the abutment surface for the screen 36 '' is the inside of the upper lid 38 '' of the interrupter 16.
- the screen 36 '' (also called “bellows shield”) serves primarily to shield the very delicate due to its small wall thickness bellows 28 against the vacuum arc Affected shutdown usually emitted metal vapor and hot contact particles.
- the screen 36 "'extended so far that the frontal distance of the screen to the inside of the lid 38"' in the closed state of the isolating contacts 20, 26 of the switch 10 "'of the nominal opening distance of the contacts 20, 26 or the predetermined distance D '"corresponds.
- the face of the screen 36 '' may be crimped parallel to the lid 38 ''.
- a guide collar 39 "'for exact guidance of the first electrode 24"' is provided in this switch 10 "'.
- the upper cover of the interrupter in view of repetitive shock loads in the case of welded contacts, the upper cover of the interrupter, if it serves as a stop surface for a step or screen, for example, from a Stainless steel can be made of sufficient wall thickness.
- the edge surface of the cover facing the first vacuum interrupter chamber can be soldered to it via a special metallization layer of a ceramic ring 16 'serving as an electrical insulator, which in practice can ensure a sufficiently high strength of this vacuum-tight solder connection even at high switching speeds, as in the case of contactors.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017112813.1A DE102017112813A1 (de) | 2017-06-11 | 2017-06-11 | Doppelkontakt-Schalter mit Vakuumschaltkammern |
| PCT/EP2018/064856 WO2018228882A1 (de) | 2017-06-11 | 2018-06-06 | Doppelkontakt-schalter mit vakuumschaltkammern |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3639286A1 true EP3639286A1 (de) | 2020-04-22 |
| EP3639286B1 EP3639286B1 (de) | 2025-04-02 |
Family
ID=62683169
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18732274.8A Active EP3639286B1 (de) | 2017-06-11 | 2018-06-06 | Doppelkontakt-schalter mit vakuumschaltkammern |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10964497B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3639286B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN110832612B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102017112813A1 (de) |
| PL (1) | PL3639286T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018228882A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2264024A (en) * | 1941-02-07 | 1941-11-25 | Glashan John Homer | Vacuum controlled caution signal for automobiles |
| US3405245A (en) * | 1964-05-29 | 1968-10-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Multiple-break vacuum-type circuit interrupters |
| JPS52113371U (de) * | 1976-02-26 | 1977-08-29 | ||
| DE3020800C2 (de) * | 1980-05-31 | 1983-10-20 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Vakuum-Leistungsschalter |
| US4492837A (en) * | 1983-03-21 | 1985-01-08 | General Electric Company | Guide means for the movable contact rod of a vacuum interrupter |
| CH686326A5 (de) * | 1993-08-27 | 1996-02-29 | Secheron Sa | Schalter mit einer Vakuumschaltroehre. |
| DE102010045901B4 (de) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-12-27 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Stufenschalter und Vakuumschaltröhre für einen solchen Stufenschalter |
| EP2469561B1 (de) * | 2010-12-23 | 2017-04-05 | ABB Schweiz AG | Vakuumstromunterbrecheranordnung für einen Schutzschalter |
| DE102011008959B9 (de) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-04-26 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren |
| CN103460324B (zh) * | 2011-04-02 | 2016-03-02 | 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 | 分接开关和用于这种分接开关的真空开关管 |
| DE102013114260A1 (de) | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-18 | Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Doppelkontakt-Schalter mit Vakuumschaltkammern |
| DE102013114259A1 (de) | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-18 | Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schaltvorrichtung zum Führen und Trennen von elektrischen Strömen |
| CN105448585B (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2019-02-01 | 天津平高智能电气有限公司 | 一种灭弧室的触头组件及使用该触头组件的灭弧室 |
-
2017
- 2017-06-11 DE DE102017112813.1A patent/DE102017112813A1/de active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-06-06 WO PCT/EP2018/064856 patent/WO2018228882A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-06-06 US US16/620,532 patent/US10964497B2/en active Active
- 2018-06-06 EP EP18732274.8A patent/EP3639286B1/de active Active
- 2018-06-06 PL PL18732274.8T patent/PL3639286T3/pl unknown
- 2018-06-06 CN CN201880044835.3A patent/CN110832612B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110832612B (zh) | 2022-05-31 |
| CN110832612A (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
| PL3639286T3 (pl) | 2025-07-28 |
| DE102017112813A1 (de) | 2018-12-13 |
| US10964497B2 (en) | 2021-03-30 |
| EP3639286B1 (de) | 2025-04-02 |
| US20200312593A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
| WO2018228882A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 |
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