EP3637792B1 - Steuerungsvorrichtung eines lautsprechers und entsprechende klangwiedergabeanlage - Google Patents

Steuerungsvorrichtung eines lautsprechers und entsprechende klangwiedergabeanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3637792B1
EP3637792B1 EP19201631.9A EP19201631A EP3637792B1 EP 3637792 B1 EP3637792 B1 EP 3637792B1 EP 19201631 A EP19201631 A EP 19201631A EP 3637792 B1 EP3637792 B1 EP 3637792B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
signal
loudspeaker
voltage
excursion
attenuated
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3637792A1 (de
Inventor
Vu Hoang Co Thuy
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Devialet SA
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Devialet SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/007—Protection circuits for transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/283—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using a passive diaphragm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/002—Damping circuit arrangements for transducers, e.g. motional feedback circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
    • H04R3/14—Cross-over networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling a loudspeaker in an enclosure.
  • the present invention also relates to a sound reproduction installation comprising such a control device.
  • Loudspeakers are electromagnetic devices that convert an electrical signal into an acoustic signal.
  • the loudspeakers introduce a non-linear distortion which can considerably affect the acoustic signal obtained. Distortion comes from a number of factors, including the non-linearity of the loudspeaker's magnetic circuit and certain mechanical elements of the loudspeaker.
  • the current flowing in a loudspeaker can bring the temperature of the conductors of the loudspeaker to a value likely to deteriorate them.
  • the increase in the temperature of the conductors causes an increase in their ohmic resistance. This leads to a phenomenon, called "thermal compression", which consists of a reduction in the efficiency of the loudspeaker with the increase in resistance.
  • the present invention also relates to a sound reproduction installation comprising a loudspeaker in an enclosure and a loudspeaker control device as described above.
  • a sound reproduction installation 10 is illustrated by the figure 1 .
  • the installation 10 comprises, as known per se, a source 12 for producing an audio signal S audio , such as a digital disc player connected to a loudspeaker 14 in an enclosure, through an amplifier in voltage 16. Between the audio source 12 and the amplifier 16 are arranged, successively in series, a desired model 20 corresponding to the desired model of behavior of the loudspeaker, and a control device 22.
  • the desired model 20 is a linear model or a nonlinear model.
  • a loop 23 for measuring a physical quantity such as the temperature of the magnetic circuit of the loudspeaker 14 or the intensity flowing in the coil of the loudspeaker 14, is provided between the loudspeaker loudspeaker 14 and the control device 22.
  • the desired model 20 is independent of the loudspeaker 14 used in the installation and of the modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the desired model 20 is, for example, a function of the ratio of the amplitude of the desired signal, denoted S audio_ref , to the amplitude S audio of the input signal coming from the source 12, expressed as a function of the frequency.
  • such a ratio is a function converging towards 0 when the frequency tends towards 0. This makes it possible to limit the reproduction of excessively low frequencies, and thus to avoid displacements of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14 outside the ranges recommended by the manufacturer.
  • the desired model is not specified and the desired model is considered to be unitary.
  • the control device 22 an example of a detailed structure of which is illustrated by the picture 2 , is placed at the input of the amplifier 16.
  • the control device 22 is able to receive as input the audio signal S audio_ref to be reproduced as defined at the output of the desired model 20 and to provide as output a control signal S command of the loudspeaker 14, also called excitation signal .
  • the loudspeaker 14 is voltage driven and the command signal S command is a voltage.
  • the command signal S command is adapted to take into account the non-linearity of the loudspeaker 14 and to limit the excessive displacements of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the controller 22 uses the Thiele and Small model of the loudspeaker 14, in order to obtain a target frequency response (for example flat).
  • the control device 22 comprises an input 30 for the signal S audio_ref to be reproduced and an output 32 for supplying the control signal S to control the loudspeaker 14.
  • the control device 22 also comprises a unit 34 for determining the a desired dynamic signal S dyn , a unit 36 for duplicating the desired dynamic signal S dyn , a first processing unit 38, a second processing unit 40 and a combining unit 42.
  • the determination unit 34 is configured to determine, at each instant, the desired dynamic signal S dyn , representative of a desired dynamic quantity A ref of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the audio signal S audio_ref to be reproduced and of the structure of the enclosure.
  • the containment structure is defined according to the characteristics of the type of containment considered (dimensions, electromechanical parameters). For example, a first type of enclosure is a closed enclosure (enclosure closed). A second type of enclosure is a vented enclosure. A third type of enclosure is an enclosure comprising a second passive loudspeaker having a resonator function.
  • the determination unit 34 is capable of applying a unity conversion gain, depending on the peak voltage of the amplifier 16 at the output of the control device 22 and of a variable attenuation between 0 and 1 controlled by the user. This ensures the transition from the audio signal to be reproduced S audio_ref to a signal ⁇ 0 , image of a physical quantity to be reproduced.
  • the signal ⁇ 0 is, for example, an acceleration of the air facing the loudspeaker 14 or even a speed of the air to be moved by the loudspeaker 14.
  • the determination unit 34 is able to determine the desired dynamic signal S dyn , representative of the desired dynamic quantity A ref , at each instant, as a function of a corresponding quantity, here the signal ⁇ 0 , for the displacement of the air set in motion by the enclosure comprising the loudspeaker 14.
  • the reference quantity A ref is the acceleration to be reproduced for the membrane of the loudspeaker 14 so that the operation of the loudspeaker 14 imposes in the air an acceleration ⁇ 0 .
  • the reference acceleration desired for the membrane A ref is equal to the acceleration ⁇ 0 desired for the air.
  • the reference acceleration desired for the membrane A ref is corrected for the structural dynamic quantities x o , v o of the enclosure, the latter being different from the dynamic quantities relating to the membrane of the loudspeaker.
  • the reference acceleration of the membrane A ref is, for example, given by:
  • the determination unit 34 is capable of filtering the frequencies of the desired dynamic signal S dyn strictly lower than a frequency f min in order to limit the reproduction of excessively low frequencies.
  • the filtering is, for example, carried out with one or more successive high-pass filters.
  • the duplication unit 36 is configured to duplicate, at each instant, the desired dynamic signal S dyn in order to obtain two identical desired dynamic signals S dyn1 and S dyn2 .
  • the first processing unit 38 is configured to process, at each instant, the first desired dynamic signal S dyn1 to obtain a first processed signal S dyn1 ' whose frequencies are less than or equal to a predetermined frequency.
  • the predetermined frequency is, for example, included in a frequency interval centered on the resonant frequency of the loudspeaker 14 and extending over at most 200 Hz.
  • the resonant frequency of the loudspeaker 14 is defined as being the frequency resonance of the loudspeaker membrane 14.
  • the predetermined frequency is less than or equal to 200 Hz.
  • the first processing unit 38 comprises, arranged successively in series, an excursion limiter 50, a filtering module 54, a first determination module 56, a current limiter 58, a second determination module 60, a voltage 62 and, optionally, an additional filter unit 64.
  • Excursion limiter 50 forms the input of first processing unit 38 and is configured to receive the desired first dynamic signal S dyn1 .
  • the excursion limiter 50 is configured to determine, at each instant, an excursion signal S exc , representative of the excursion of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the desired first dynamic signal S dyn1 .
  • the excursion of the loudspeaker membrane 14 is defined as being the distance of the membrane at a time t, with respect to its position nominal equilibrium.
  • the loudspeaker 14 is in a non-linear operating regime, which can damage the loudspeaker 14.
  • the maximum acceptable excursion is , for example, less than or equal to 10 mm.
  • the excursion limiter 50 is configured to determine the maximum excursion of the excursion signal S exc .
  • the excursion limiter 50 is configured to apply a first attenuation gain to the excursion signal S exc to obtain an attenuated excursion signal S exc_att .
  • the filtering module 54 is configured to filter the frequencies of the attenuated excursion signal S exc_att strictly greater than the predetermined frequency to obtain a filtered excursion signal S exc_filt .
  • the filtering module 54 makes it possible to retain only the very low (very low) frequencies, typically below 200 Hz, or even below 100 Hz.
  • the filter module 54 is also configured to determine intermediate dynamic quantities from the attenuated excursion signal S exc_att .
  • These intermediate dynamic quantities, denoted G ref are, for example, the excursion of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, the derivative of the excursion corresponding to a speed and the second derivative of the excursion corresponding to an acceleration.
  • the first determination module 56 is configured to determine a first intensity signal S int1 , representative of the intensity of the current intended to flow in the coil of the loudspeaker 14 as a function of the filtered excursion signal S exc_filt and of a electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14. More precisely, the intensity of the current is also determined as a function of the intermediate dynamic quantities G ref .
  • the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14 is, for example, a table and or a set of polynomials, stored in a memory of the control device 22.
  • the electromechanical modeling makes it possible to define electromechanical parameters P mech and electrical P elec from the filtered excursion signal S exc_filt and more specifically intermediate dynamic quantities G ref ,
  • the electromechanical parameters P mech and electrical parameters P elec are used in the calculation of the first intensity signal S int1 .
  • the electromechanical parameters P mech and electrical P elec are, for example, obtained by means of the models described in the application FR 3 018 025 A in the case of a closed enclosure and a vented enclosure.
  • the electromechanical parameters P meca include, for example, the magnetic flux BI picked up by the coil produced by the magnetic circuit of the loudspeaker 14, the stiffness of the loudspeaker 14 denoted K mt , the viscous mechanical friction of the loudspeaker 14 denoted R mt , and the mobile mass of the whole loudspeaker 14 denoted M mt .
  • the modeling of the mechanical part of the loudspeaker 14 comprises, in a single closed loop circuit, a voltage generator BI(x, i).i corresponding to the driving force produced by the current i flowing in the coil of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the magnetic flux BI(x, i) depends on the position x of the membrane as well as on the intensity i flowing in the coil.
  • the modeling circuit comprises a generator representative of the force resulting from the reluctance of the magnetic circuit noted F r (x, i) and equal to 1 2 I 2 dL and x dx where L e is the inductance of the coil and depends on the position x of the membrane.
  • the variable v represents the speed of the membrane.
  • the electrical parameters P elec include the inductance Le of the coil of the loudspeaker 14, the para-inductance L2 of the coil and the iron-loss equivalent R2.
  • the modeling of the electrical part of the loudspeaker 14 of a closed enclosure is formed by a closed-loop circuit. It comprises an electromotive force generator ue connected in series to a resistance representative of the resistance Re of the coil of the loudspeaker 14. This resistance is connected in series with an inductance Le (x, i) representative of the inductance of the loudspeaker coil 14. This inductance depends on the intensity i flowing in the coil and on the position x of the membrane.
  • a parallel circuit RL is connected in series at the output of the coil.
  • a resistance of value R 2 (x, i) depending on the position of the membrane x and the intensity i flowing in the coil is representative of the iron-loss equivalent.
  • an inductance coil L 2 (x, i) also depending on the position x of the membrane and on the intensity i flowing in the circuit is representative of the para-inductance of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the flux BI captured by the coil, the stiffness K mt and the inductance of the coil L e depend on the position x of the membrane, the inductance L e and the flux BI also depend on the current i flowing in the coil.
  • the inductance of the coil L e , the inductance L 2 and the term g depend on the intensity i, in addition to depending on the displacement x of the membrane.
  • the intensity i ref of the first intensity signal S int1 is obtained by means of one of the embodiments described in the application FR 3 018 025 A .
  • the current limiter 58 is configured to set at a predetermined intensity value all the values of the first intensity signal S int1 strictly greater than a predetermined intensity value and thus obtain a first attenuated intensity signal S int1_att . This makes it possible to avoid exceeding the acceptable current limit of amplifier 16.
  • the predetermined intensity value is less than or equal to 15 Amps (A).
  • the second determination module 60 is configured to determine a first voltage signal S tens1 , representative of the voltage at the terminals of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the filtered excursion signal S exc_filt , of the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14 and of the first attenuated intensity signal S int1_att .
  • the second determination module 60 is capable of estimating the resistance R e of the loudspeaker 14 as a function of the intermediate dynamic quantities G ref , of the intensity of the reference current i ref and of its derivative di ref /dt and, depending on the embodiment envisaged, the temperature measured on the magnetic circuit of the loudspeaker 14 denoted T m_measured or the intensity measured through the coil denoted I_ measured .
  • An example of estimating the resistance R e is described in the application FR 3 018 025 A .
  • the second determination module 60 is able to calculate the voltage at the terminals of the loudspeaker 14 as a function of intermediate dynamic quantities G ref , of the reference current i ref and of its derivative di ref / dt, electrical parameters P elec and resistance R e .
  • the voltage of the first voltage signal S tens1 is obtained by means of one of the embodiments described in the application FR 3 018 025 A .
  • the voltage limiter 62 is configured to set at a predetermined voltage value all the values of the first voltage signal S tens1 strictly greater than a predetermined voltage value and thus obtain a first attenuated voltage signal S tens1_att .
  • the predetermined voltage value is, for example, greater than or equal to 30 Volts (V).
  • the additional filtering module 64 is configured to filter the frequencies of the first attenuated voltage signal S tens1_att strictly greater than the predetermined frequency. This makes it possible to remove any noise made by the current limiter 58 and the voltage limiter 62.
  • the additional filtering module 64 is also configured to filter all the frequencies which are less than or equal to a so-called low frequency frequency, for example equal to the frequency f min defined previously. This again makes it possible to eliminate any noise resulting from the various treatments carried out on the signal when passing through the various limiters and modules of the first processing unit 38.
  • the output of the additional filtering module 64 is the first processed signal S dyn1 '.
  • the first processed signal S dyn1 ′ is the first attenuated voltage signal S tens1_att .
  • FIG. 4 An example of a second processing unit 40 is illustrated by the figure 4 .
  • the second processing unit 40 is configured to process, at each instant, the second desired dynamic signal S dyn2 to obtain a second processed signal S dyn2 ' whose frequencies are strictly higher than the predetermined frequency.
  • the second processing unit 40 comprises a filter module 70, a first determination module 72, a second determination module 74, a voltage limiter 76 and, optionally, an additional filter module 80.
  • the filter module 70 is configured to filter the frequencies of the desired second dynamic signal S dyn2 less than or equal to the predetermined frequency to obtain a second filtered signal S dyn2_filt .
  • the filtering module 70 makes it possible to retain only the low-mid frequencies, typically above 100 Hz, or even above 200 Hz.
  • the filtering module 70 is also configured to determine intermediate dynamic quantities as a function of the desired second dynamic signal S dyn2 .
  • These intermediate dynamic quantities, denoted G ref are, for example, the excursion of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, the derivative of the excursion corresponding to a speed and the second derivative of the excursion corresponding to an acceleration.
  • the first determination module 72 is configured to determine a second intensity signal S int2 , representative of the intensity of the current intended to flow in the coil of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the second filtered signal S dyn2_filt and of a modeling electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14 is, for example, identical to the electromechanical modeling used for the first processing unit 38.
  • the first determination module 72 of the second processing unit 40 operates identically to the first determination module 56 of the first processing unit 38.
  • the second determination module 74 is configured to determine a second voltage signal S tens2 , representative of the voltage of the loudspeaker 14, by function of the second filtered signal S dyn2_filt , of the second intensity signal S int2 and of the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the second determination module 74 of the second processing unit 40 operates identically to the second determination module 60 of the first processing unit 38.
  • the voltage limiter 76 is configured to determine the maximum voltage of the second voltage signal S tens2 .
  • the voltage limiter 76 is configured to apply a second attenuation gain to the second voltage signal S tens2 to obtain a second attenuated voltage signal S tens2_att .
  • the maximum acceptable voltage is, for example, identical to the predetermined voltage value of the voltage limiter 62 of the first processing unit 38.
  • the second attenuation gain is advantageously different from the first attenuation gain.
  • the voltage limiter 76 is configured to fix at a predetermined voltage value all the values of the second voltage signal S tens2 greater than the predetermined voltage value and thus obtain the attenuated second voltage signal S tens2_att .
  • the additional filtering module 80 is configured to filter the frequencies of the attenuated voltage signal less than or equal to the predetermined frequency. This makes it possible to remove any noise made by the voltage limiter 76 and the modules of the second processing unit 40.
  • the output of the additional filtering module 80 is the second processed signal S dyn2 '.
  • the second processed signal S dyn2 ′ is the second attenuated voltage signal S tens2-att .
  • the combining unit 42 is configured to carry out, at each instant, the linear combination of the first and the second processed signal S dyn2 'to obtain the command signal S command of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the coefficients of the linear combination are all equal to one so that the combination unit 42 performs the sum of the first and the second processed signal S dyn2 'to obtain the control signal S command of the loudspeaker 14.
  • control device 22 receives as input the audio signal S audio_ref to be reproduced.
  • the determination unit 34 of the control device 22 determines, at each instant, the desired dynamic signal S dyn , representative of a desired dynamic quantity A ref of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the audio signal S audio_ref at reproduce and structure of the enclosure.
  • the determination unit 34 filters the frequencies of the desired dynamic signal S dyn strictly lower than the frequency f min in order to limit the reproduction of excessively low frequencies.
  • the duplication unit 36 then duplicates the desired dynamic signal S dyn in order to obtain two identical desired dynamic signals S dyn1 and S dyn2 .
  • the first processing unit 38 processes the desired first dynamic signal S dyn1 to obtain a first processed signal S dyn1 ' whose frequencies are less than or equal to a predetermined frequency.
  • the excursion limiter 50 determines, at each instant, an excursion signal S exc , representative of the excursion of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the desired first dynamic signal S dyn1 . Then, the excursion limiter 50 determines the maximum excursion of the excursion signal. When the determined maximum excursion is strictly greater than a maximum acceptable excursion, the excursion limiter 50 applies a first attenuation gain to the excursion signal S exc to obtain an attenuated excursion signal S exc_att ,
  • the filtering module 54 then filters the frequencies of the attenuated excursion signal S exc_att strictly greater than the predetermined frequency to obtain a filtered excursion signal S exc_filt .
  • the first determination module 56 determines a first intensity signal S int1 , representative of the intensity of the current intended to flow in the coil of the loudspeaker 14 according to the filtered excursion signal S exc_fiit and the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the current limiter 58 then fixes at a predetermined intensity value all the values of the first intensity signal S int1 strictly greater than the predetermined intensity value to obtain a first attenuated intensity signal S int1_att .
  • the second determination module 60 determines a first voltage signal S tens1 , representative of the voltage at the terminals of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the filtered excursion signal S exc_filt , of the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14 and the first attenuated intensity signal S int1_att .
  • the voltage limiter 62 then fixes, at a predetermined voltage value, all the values of the first voltage signal S tens1 strictly greater than a predetermined voltage value to obtain a first attenuated voltage signal S tens1_att .
  • the additional filtering module 64 filters the frequencies of the first attenuated voltage signal S tens1_att strictly greater than the predetermined frequency.
  • the additional filtering module 64 filters all the frequencies which are less than or equal to a so-called low frequency.
  • the output of the additional filtering module 64 is the first processed signal S dyn1 ′.
  • the second processing unit 40 processes the desired second dynamic signal S dyn2 to obtain a second processed signal S dyn2 ' whose frequencies are strictly greater than the predetermined frequency.
  • the filtering module 70 filters the frequencies of the desired second dynamic signal S dyn2 less than or equal to the predetermined frequency to obtain a second filtered signal S dyn2_flt .
  • the first determination module 72 determines a second intensity signal S int2 , representative of the intensity of the current intended to flow in the coil of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the second filtered signal S dyn2_filt and of the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the second determination module 74 determines a second voltage signal S tens2 , representative of the voltage of the loudspeaker 14, as a function of the second filtered signal S dyn2_filt , of the second intensity signal S int2 and of the electromechanical modeling of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the voltage limiter 76 determines the maximum voltage of the second voltage signal S tens2 .
  • the voltage limiter 76 applies a second attenuation gain to the second signal in voltage S tens2 to obtain a second attenuated voltage signal S tens2_att ,
  • the additional filtering module 80 filters the frequencies of the attenuated voltage signal less than or equal to the predetermined frequency to obtain the second processed signal S dyn2 ′.
  • the combining unit 42 performs the linear combination of the first and the second processed signal S dyn1 'and S dyn2 ' to obtain the command signal S command of the loudspeaker 14.
  • the control device 22 makes it possible to carry out a different processing on two separate frequency bands of an input signal. This is of particular interest for the treatment of bass (low frequencies) of a loudspeaker. Indeed, one of the limiting factors for very low frequencies (for example below 150 Hz) is the excursion of the speaker membrane 14, as well as the voltage sent to the loudspeaker 14. Also, the control device 22 makes it possible to apply specific processing to the very low frequencies of the signal in order to limit, on the one hand, the excursion of the membrane above a value predetermined and to limit, on the other hand, the voltage sent to the loudspeaker 14. On the other hand, for the intermediate low frequencies (for example, bass above 150 Hz) the excursion limitation is optional. On the other hand, the limiting factor is the voltage which is applied to the loudspeaker 14, hence the addition of specific processing for such intermediate frequencies.
  • control device 22 makes it possible to optimize the reproduction of low frequencies, taking into account the various constraints of the system (excursion, voltage), in particular for bass loudspeakers with an extended frequency band (typically greater than 200 Hz).
  • the control device 22 therefore makes it possible to reduce the distortion in the signal reproduced by the loudspeaker 14 while improving the protection of the membrane of the loudspeaker 14. This makes it possible to improve the restitution of the signal by the loudspeaker 14 .
  • control device 22 described is not limited to the examples of figures 2 to 4 , nor to the particular examples of the description.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Steuervorrichtung (22) eines Lautsprechers (14) in einem Gehäuse, der Lautsprecher (14) umfassend eine Membran, der Lautsprecher (14) umfassend mindestens eine Spule, wobei das Gehäuse eine Struktur aufweist, die Vorrichtung (22) umfassend:
    - einen Eingang (30) für ein Audiosignal (Saudio_ref), das wiedergegeben werden soll,
    - einen Ausgang (32) zum Bereitstellen eines Steuersignals (Scommande) des Lautsprechers (14),
    - eine Einheit (34) zur Bestimmung eines gewünschten dynamischen Signals (Sdyn), das repräsentativ für eine gewünschte dynamische Größe (Aref) der Membran des Lautsprechers (14) abhängig von dem wiederzugebenden Audiosignal (Saudio_ref) und der Struktur des Lautsprechers ist,
    - eine Einheit (36) zum Duplizieren des gewünschten dynamischen Signals (Sdyn), um zwei identische gewünschte dynamische Signale (Sdyn1, Sdyn2) zu erlangen,
    - eine erste Verarbeitungseinheit (38), die konfiguriert ist, um das erste gewünschte dynamische Signal (Sdyn1) zu verarbeiten, um ein erstes verarbeitetes Signal (Sdyn1') zu erlangen, dessen Frequenzen kleiner als oder gleich wie eine vorbestimmte Frequenz sind, die erste Verarbeitungseinheit (38) umfassend:
    - einen Auslenkungsbegrenzer (50), der zu Folgendem konfiguriert ist:
    - Bestimmen eines Auslenkungssignals (Sexc), das repräsentativ für die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran (14) ist, abhängig von dem ersten gewünschten dynamischen Signal (Sdyn1),
    - Bestimmen der maximale Auslenkung des Auslenkungssignals (Sexc), und
    - wenn die bestimmte maximale Auslenkung strikt größer ist als eine annehmbare maximale Auslenkung, Anwenden einer ersten Dämpfungsverstärkung auf das Auslenkungssignal (Sexc), um ein gedämpftes Auslenkungssignal (Sexc_att) zu erlangen,
    - ein Modul (54) zum Filtern von Frequenzen des gedämpften Auslenkungssignals (Sexc_an), die strikt höher sind als die vorbestimmte Frequenz, um ein gefiltertes Auslenkungssignal (Sexc_filt) zu erlangen,
    - ein Modul (56) zum Bestimmen eines ersten Intensitätssignals (Sint1), das repräsentativ für die Intensität des Stroms ist, der in der Spule des Lautsprechers (14) fließen soll, abhängig von dem gefilterten Auslenkungssignal (Sexc_filt) und einer elektromechanischen Modellierung des Lautsprechers (14), und
    - einen Strombegrenzer (58), der konfiguriert ist, um alle Werte des ersten Intensitätssignals (Sint1), die strikt über dem vorbestimmten Intensitätswert sind, auf einen vorbestimmten Intensitätswert festzulegen und dadurch ein erstes gedämpftes Intensitätssignal (Sint1_att) zu erlangen, wobei das erste verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn1') abhängig von dem ersten gedämpften Intensitätssignal (Sint1_att) erlangt wird,
    - eine zweite Verarbeitungseinheit (40), die konfiguriert ist, um das zweite gewünschte dynamische Signal (Sdyn2) zu verarbeiten, um ein zweites verarbeitetes Signal (Sdyn2') zu erlangen, dessen Frequenzen strikt höher sind als die vorbestimmte Frequenz, und
    - eine Einheit (42) zum Kombinieren des ersten und des zweiten verarbeiteten Signals (Sdyn1', Sdyn2'), um das Steuersignal (Scommande) des Lautsprechers (14) zu erlangen.
  2. Vorrichtung (22) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die erste Verarbeitungseinheit (38) ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Modul (60) zum Bestimmen eines ersten Spannungssignals (Stens1), das repräsentativ für die Spannung an den Klemmen des Lautsprechers (14) ist, abhängig von dynamischen Größen (Gref), die durch das Filtermodul (54) aus dem gedämpften Auslenkungssignal (Sexc_att), der elektromechanischen Modellierung des Lautsprechers (14) und dem ersten gedämpften Intensitätssignal (Sint1_att) erlangt werden, und
    - einen Spannungsbegrenzer (62), der konfiguriert ist, um alle Werte des ersten Spannungssignals (Stens1), die strikt über dem vorbestimmten Spannungswert sind, auf einen vorbestimmten Spannungswert festzulegen und dadurch ein gedämpftes erstes Spannungssignal (Stens1_att) zu erlangen,
    wobei das erste verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn1') abhängig von dem ersten gedämpften Spannungssignal (Stens1_att) erlangt wird.
  3. Vorrichtung (22) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die erste Verarbeitungseinheit (38) ein zusätzliches Filtermodul (64) umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, um die Frequenzen des ersten gedämpften Spannungssignals (Stens1_att) zu filtern, die strikt über der vorbestimmten Frequenz sind, wobei das erste verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn1') abhängig von dem ersten gedämpften Spannungssignal (Stens1_att) erlangt wird, das durch das zusätzliche Filtermodul (64) gefiltert wird.
  4. Vorrichtung (22) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die zweite Verarbeitungseinheit (40) ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Modul (70) zum Filtern der Frequenzen des zweiten gewünschten dynamischen Signals (Sdyn2), die kleiner als oder gleich wie die vorbestimmte Frequenz sind, um ein zweites gefiltertes Signal (Sdyn2_filt) zu erlangen,
    - ein Modul (74) zum Bestimmen eines zweiten Spannungssignals (Stens2), das repräsentativ für die Spannung an den Klemmen des Lautsprechers (14) ist, abhängig von dem zweiten gefilterten Signal (Sdyn2_filt) und einer elektromechanischen Modellierung des Lautsprechers (14),
    wobei das zweite verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn2') abhängig von dem zweiten Spannungssignal (Stens2) erlangt wird.
  5. Vorrichtung (22) nach Anspruch 4, wobei die zweite Verarbeitungseinheit (40) ferner einen Spannungsbegrenzer (76) umfasst, der zu Folgendem konfiguriert ist:
    - Bestimmen der maximalen Spannung des zweiten Spannungssignals (Stens2),
    - wenn die bestimmte maximale Spannung strikt größer ist als eine annehmbare maximale Spannung, Anwenden einer zweiten Dämpfungsverstärkung auf das zweite Spannungssignal (Stens2), um ein gedämpftes zweites Spannungssignal (Stens2_att) zu erlangen,
    wobei das zweite verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn2') abhängig von dem zweiten gedämpften Spannungssignal (Stens2_att) erlangt wird.
  6. Vorrichtung (22) nach Anspruch 5, wobei die zweite Verarbeitungseinheit (40) ein zusätzliches Filtermodul (80) umfasst, das konfiguriert ist, um die Frequenzen des gedämpften zweiten Spannungssignals (Stens2_att) filtern, die kleiner als oder gleich wie die vorbestimmte Frequenz sind, wobei das zweite verarbeitete Signal (Sdyn2') abhängig von dem gedämpften zweiten Spannungssignal (Stens2_att) erlangt wird, das durch das zusätzliche Filtermodul (80) gefiltert wird.
  7. Vorrichtung (22) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die vorbestimmte Frequenz in einem Frequenzbereich ist, der um die Resonanzfrequenz des Lautsprechers (14) zentriert ist und sich über höchstens 200 Hz erstreckt.
  8. Anlage zur Tonwiedergabe, umfassend einen Lautsprecher (14) in einem Gehäuse und eine Steuervorrichtung (22) des Lautsprechers (14) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.
EP19201631.9A 2018-10-08 2019-10-07 Steuerungsvorrichtung eines lautsprechers und entsprechende klangwiedergabeanlage Active EP3637792B1 (de)

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