EP3631089A1 - Method for laying a rail of a railway line - Google Patents

Method for laying a rail of a railway line

Info

Publication number
EP3631089A1
EP3631089A1 EP18725842.1A EP18725842A EP3631089A1 EP 3631089 A1 EP3631089 A1 EP 3631089A1 EP 18725842 A EP18725842 A EP 18725842A EP 3631089 A1 EP3631089 A1 EP 3631089A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
heating
heating zone
work train
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18725842.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3631089B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Piguet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Original Assignee
Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matisa Materiel Industriel SA filed Critical Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
Publication of EP3631089A1 publication Critical patent/EP3631089A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3631089B1 publication Critical patent/EP3631089B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/18—Reconditioning or repairing worn or damaged parts on the spot, e.g. applying inlays, building-up rails by welding; Heating or cooling of parts on the spot, e.g. for reducing joint gaps, for hardening rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/16—Transporting, laying, removing, or replacing rails; Moving rails placed on sleepers in the track
    • E01B29/17—Lengths of rails assembled into strings, e.g. welded together
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/42—Undetachably joining or fastening track components in or on the track, e.g. by welding, by gluing; Pre-assembling track components by gluing; Sealing joints with filling components
    • E01B29/44—Methods for effecting joining of rails in the track, e.g. taking account of ambient temperature
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2201/00—Fastening or restraining methods
    • E01B2201/02—Fastening or restraining methods by wedging action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/16—Transporting, laying, removing, or replacing rails; Moving rails placed on sleepers in the track

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of laying a railway track, comprising a rail heating, and a work train for the implementation of such a laying method.
  • the rails of the railways are subject to significant temperature variations according to the seasons and weather conditions.
  • the rails tend to lengthen, to expand, under the effect of a rise in temperature, and, conversely, to contract under the effect of a drop in temperature.
  • the rails are placed continuously and therefore can not vary in length under the effect of temperature changes.
  • the rails are fixed on the track at a so-called "neutral" average temperature, the value of which differs according to the climatic regions.
  • neutral average temperature the value of which differs according to the climatic regions.
  • the rails Under the effect of an ambient temperature above the annual average, the rails, unable to expand, undergo a compressive force tending to push the track out of his way.
  • the rails being unable to contract, undergo a pulling force tending to pull the way out of his way.
  • a continuous heating solution of the rails exploited to date uses the technology of induction. This method makes it possible to obtain sufficiently precise heaters to guarantee the installation of the rails in the required tolerance of the "neutral" temperature. We can then speak of fine direct thermal neutralization. But the equipment needed for the intervention is relatively complex, since it requires a power generator, as well as a cooling of the power circuits, the generator and the inductors.
  • thermal pre-neutralization For the sites requiring a subsequent stabilization of the ballast, it has been proposed a thermal "pre-neutralization” procedure, which consists in bringing the rail, before its attachment to the sleepers, at a temperature sufficiently close to the "neutral" temperature Of the place, without guaranteeing the attainment of the "neutral” temperature.
  • the advantage of such a "pre-neutralization” is to immediately allow traffic at a speed of the order of 80 km / h instead of 50 km / h, pending final mechanical neutralization operations described above.
  • One method for effecting this thermal pre-neutralization is to irrigate the rails with hot water, a solution that nevertheless has operating disadvantages, particularly in terms of efficiency and the routing and evacuation of water, which reduce his interest.
  • the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art and to propose a heating mode that is efficient in terms of efficiency, reliability, and operating quality.
  • a method of laying a rail of a railway track using a work train comprising at least one heating device comprising at least one at least one heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the gas burner (s) and the heating zone, the radiant body (s) being perforated by openings opening into the heating zone, process according to which: the work train is moved in a laying direction, so that at every moment a portion of the rail passes through the heating zone; heat is supplied to the portion of the rail passing through the heating zone by means of the heating device, by feeding the gas burner (s) so that no flame emerges from the openings in the heating zone and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s); the portion of the rail is fixed after heat has been supplied to a cross-piece of the track located behind the heating zone in the direction of laying.
  • the radiation essentially in the infrared spectrum, provides excellent heating efficiency, with low loss.
  • the radiation is not influenced by wind or other climatic parameters.
  • the perforations are useful for optimizing the heating of radiant bodies, but should not lead to a predominance of convection in the heat transfer to the rail portion.
  • the heating power must be modulated according to the external conditions to obtain a desired setpoint temperature for the rail.
  • one or more combustion parameters are modulated, according to one or more control parameters, among the following parameters of supply of one or more modulated burners among the burner or burners.
  • gas fuel flow rate, oxidizer flow, flow rate of an oxidant fuel mixture.
  • the gas burner or burners comprise at least two burners, preferably at least four burners, and the number of activated burners is modulated according to one or more control parameters.
  • the gas burner (s) may comprise at least one pair of adjacent gas burners located one behind the other in the laying direction and / or the burner or burners comprise at least one pair of opposed burners. , located on either side of a median plane of the heating zone parallel to the laying direction.
  • control parameter (s) include one or more of the following measured or estimated parameters: a temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail during heating, an external ambient temperature, a traveling speed of the work train, a speed of movement of the rail with respect to the heating device, a heating time, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail during the supply of heat, humidity ambient, or a wind speed.
  • At least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured after the heat input by means of a pyrometer disposed at an exit zone of the heating zone. or behind the heating zone in the laying direction; at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured before the heat input by means of a pyrometer arranged at an inlet zone of the heating zone or in front of the heating zone in the direction of the heating zone. pose; at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured during heat input using a pyrometer disposed within the heating zone.
  • the portion of the rail located in the heating zone is raised relative to the track, and in that the portion of the rail is positioned after heat has been applied to the cross member before fixing the portion of the rail on the transom.
  • the lifting of the portion of the rail in the heating zone makes it possible to better surround the rail by heating it not only from above, but also from the sides, and if necessary from below, either by direct radiation from the radiant body (s). or by indirect radiation, from the radiant bodies, but reflected by a wall of the heating zone, to standardize the heat input on the periphery of the rail portion and minimize losses.
  • the fact that the heating zone is far from the track, including sleepers, allows to implement if necessary a high heating power, without risk to the track.
  • the portion of the rail located in the heating zone is placed on the track. It must then be ensured that the heat input is directed essentially towards the rail, to minimize the supply of heat to the other elements of the track.
  • it may in particular provide one or more of the following modalities: it guides the portion of the rail relative to a frame of the work train so the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the movement of the work train.
  • the heating device is guided relative to a frame of the work train so that the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the movement of the work train.
  • the heating device is guided relative to the portion of the rail, preferably by rolling the heating device over the portion of the rail, so that the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the displacement of the work train .
  • the movement of the work train in the direction of installation is performed without stopping.
  • the laying method according to the invention may be implemented in particular for a first laying of a new way, or for a renewal or renovation.
  • it relates to a method of renewing or renovating a railway, including, in particular, a removal of an old rail, and a laying of a rail new or renovated, the pose being performed according to the laying method described above.
  • the invention relates to a work train comprising at least one heating device comprising at least one heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the burner or burners. with gas and the heating zone, the radiant body (s) being perforated by openings opening into the heating zone, the work train comprising: traction means for moving the work train in a direction of installation, so that at every moment a portion of the rail, not fixed to a cross-member, passes through the heating zone; means for feeding the gas burner (s) so that no flame emerges from the openings in the heating zone and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% % of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s).
  • the work train comprises means for lifting the portion of the rail located in the heating zone with respect to the track, and means for positioning the portion of the rail after heat supply on the front cross member. fix the portion of the rail on the crossbar.
  • the lifting of the portion of the rail in the heating zone makes it possible to better surround the rail by heating it not only from above but also from the sides, and if necessary from below, either by direct radiation from the radiant body (s), or by indirect radiation, from the radiant bodies, but reflected by a wall of the heating zone, to standardize the heat input on the periphery of the portion of the rail and to minimize the losses .
  • the fact that the heating zone is far from the track, including sleepers, allows to implement if necessary a high heating power, without risk to the track.
  • the heating device comprises one or more heating modules, each heating module comprising a heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the burner or burners. of the heating module and the heating zone of the heating module.
  • the heating module or modules comprise at least one guided heating module which is provided with guide means for guiding the portion of the rail in the heating zone of the guided heating module, the guide means preferably comprising rollers rolling on the portion of the rail, the rollers preferably supporting the guided heating module.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a laying site of a rail of railroad track, according to the method of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic detail of the site of Figure 1, illustrating the heating of a rail to be fixed according to the method of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a heating module of a heating device implementing the method of the invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic front view of the heating module of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a control of the heating module of Figures 3 and 4
  • Figure 6 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a first embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a second embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an overall view of a site for the renewal of a railway track 2 in which, by means of a work train 4 (shown partially), the removal of old rails 6 (front sector) and old sleepers 8 and their replacement by new crosspieces 10 and new rails 12, all continuously as the train advanced in the Laying direction 100.
  • Work train 4 comprises wagons 16 resting on bogies 18, 20 rolling on the old rails 6 at the front of the work train 4 and on the new rails 12 at the rear of the work train 4.
  • a median portion of the work train 4 is based on caterpillars 22 which, in the absence of rails on the track 2 in this part of the site, roll directly on the old sleepers 8 before removal.
  • tools can separate the old rails 6 sleepers 8.
  • the old rails 6 are raised and rested on the ballast 24 on the sides of the way .
  • the old ties 8 are exposed, which allows to proceed with their removal using a group of removal tools and their replacement by the new cross members 10 with the aid of a group of laying tools.
  • the final fixing of the new rails 12 is effected by means of fasteners after the passage of the work train 4.
  • pre-release an average temperature of the place of installation
  • the new or refurbished rail section to be laid 12 is brought to a set temperature in a conditioning zone 28 located in front and near its attachment zone 30 on one or more crosspieces 10.
  • this adjustment comprises a heating of the rail, the conditioning zone 28 then being a heating zone.
  • a heating device 32 illustrated schematically in Figures 2 to 4, operating essentially by thermal radiation.
  • the heating device 32 comprises at least one heating module 34 comprising at least one, preferably at least two, and particularly preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 3, at least four heating units 36, delimiting a heating zone.
  • the slender 28 located at a distance from the track and oriented in the laying direction 100 of the work train 4 and open at a front end 38 and at a rear end 40.
  • the four heating units 36 are arranged laterally on either side from the heating zone, two closer to the entrance and the other two closer to the exit.
  • Each heating unit 36 comprises a unit of one or more burners 42 and a radiant body 44, interposed between the burner or burners 42 and the heating zone 28.
  • the radiant body 44 is preferably perforated by orifices 46. opening in the heating zone 28, and which may be arranged either facing the burners 42, or offset relative to the latter.
  • Guiding means 48 are provided at the inlet 38 and the outlet 40 of the heating zone 28 of the heating device for guiding the rail 12 in the heating zone 28.
  • the portion of the rail 12 passing through the heating zone 28 is raised, that is to say located vertically at a distance above its final position at the end of the laying process.
  • the heater may itself be provided with one or more actuators 50 or a passive positioning mechanism to ensure its proper positioning relative to the rail 12, and compensate for the positioning variations of the work train 4 with respect to the desired path of the track.
  • the guiding means 48 include rollers rolling on the rail 12 and possibly supporting the heating unit 36.
  • Pyrometers 52 are positioned at the inlet 38 of the heating zone 28, inside the heating zone 28 and at the outlet 40 of the heating zone 28, and where appropriate directly near the the fixing zone 30. These pyrometers 52 are connected to a control unit 54 illustrated in FIG. 5, which receives signals from other sensors 56 such as, for example: a speed sensor of the work train 4, a rail speed sensor to be fixed, an ambient temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and / or an ambient humidity sensor.
  • sensors 56 such as, for example: a speed sensor of the work train 4, a rail speed sensor to be fixed, an ambient temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and / or an ambient humidity sensor.
  • the control unit 54 is thus able to measure, estimate or calculate one or more of the following parameters: a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed before heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed after heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed during the heating, an external ambient temperature, a traveling speed of the work train 4, a speed of displacement of the rail relative to the heating device, a quantity of heat transmitted to the portion of the rail by the heating device.
  • control unit 54 contains in memory a set temperature which may have been entered or programmed, and is representative of the temperature of "pre-release” or "release” sought in the area of attachment 30, which makes it possible, if necessary, to determine a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed before heating, of a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed after heating, or a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed during heating.
  • control unit 54 is connected to proportional solenoid valves 58 to modulate the flow of oxidizer and / or fuel for the burner supply, and to igniters to control the ignition of the burners and proportional solenoid valves 60, 62 for controlling the general supply of fuel gas from a gas tank 64 and combustion gas from a compressor 66.
  • each heating unit in a relatively continuous heating power, over a range around a nominal value, for example between 50% and 150% of the nominal value, by varying the flow rate. of the oxidant and / or the fuel at the solenoid valves 58, 60, 62. Outside this modulation range, greater variations can be obtained by completely extinguishing certain heating units 36, or switching them on. .
  • the rail to be fixed 12 moves, with respect to the heating device 28, in the opposite direction, and is guided so that at each moment a portion raised from the rail to be fixed 12 passes through the heating zone 28.
  • the positioning of the heating device is adjusted thanks to the actuators 50 or to the positioning mechanism. It is arranged that the radiant bodies 44 are close to the portion of the rail to be fixed 12, preferably at a distance of less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm.
  • the control unit 54 determines, by a calculation algorithm, as a function of all or part of the parameters discussed above, the number of burners 42 and / or the flow rate of oxidizer and / or fuel required for heating the rail. fix 12.
  • the gas burner (s) 42 are fed so that at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat is transmitted to the rail by means of radiation. or radiant bodies 44 and no flame emerges from the orifices 46 in the heating zone 28.
  • the orifices 46 thus have the sole function of causing a rapid and uniform heating of the radiant bodies 44.
  • the movement of the work train in the laying direction is performed without stopping, at a speed in practice greater than 30 mm / s, preferably greater than 100 mm / s.
  • the number of heating units 36 and their positioning in each heating module 34 may vary. It is advantageous to have at least two units heating element 36 facing each other on either side of the heating zone 28 (as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4) or, more generally, radiating in the heating zone at different angles. In particular, it is possible to take advantage of the lifting of the portion of the rail 12 passing through the heating zone 28 to orient at least a portion of the thermal radiation so as to reach the underside of the rail. In this respect, arrangements with three heating units distributed at 120 ° ( Figure 6) or four heating units distributed at 90 ° ( Figure 7) around the heating zone are perfectly conceivable.
  • heating units 36 arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of travel of the vehicle, as illustrated in FIG. 3, or even several heating modules 34 as illustrated in FIG. 2, to allow progressive heating. in several stages.
  • the heating modules 34 located in a row can be directly adjacent or separated by an isothermal section of insulation. They can also be separated by a section in the open air.
  • the heating module (s) 34 may be suspended from a supporting structure of one of the wagons of the middle portion of the work train 4. They may also be supported autonomously by wheels or tracks advancing on the track, the case connected by couplings in the open air. Where appropriate, only some of the gas burners 42 may be equipped with a solenoid valve 58 modulation.
  • the solenoid valves 58 are not proportional, but operate in all or nothing, to turn off or turn on the heating units 36 in number corresponding to the needs.
  • the solenoid valves 60, 62 of the general fuel and oxidant feed are proportional, to ensure a certain continuity of variation, or that they themselves are in all or nothing, in which case the modulation of the heat supplied is effected solely in steps, by changing the number of heating units 36 supplied.
  • a pulsed mode of operation in which some of the gas burners 42 are lit intermittently.
  • the heating units use the ambient air as oxidant, only the fuel flow is modulated.
  • the solenoid valve 62 and the compressor 66 are omitted.
  • the fuel gas is a propane or LPG type fuel.
  • the heating operation of the rail to be fixed 12 can take place while the rail to be fixed 12 is already placed on the sleepers.
  • the rail heating mode that has been described above for a railroad renovation with replacement of the rails, also applies to a renovation of the track with replacement of the old rails, or for a first installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

In order to lay a rail (12) of a railway line using a work train (4) comprising at least one heating device (32) having at least one heating zone (28), one or more gas burners (42), and one or more radiating bodies (44) arranged between the gas burner or burners (42) and the heating zone (28), the radiant body or bodies (44) being perforated by openings (46) opening into the heating zone (28), the work train (4) is moved in a laying direction (100), so that at each instant a portion of the rail to be fixed (12) crosses the heating zone (28); the heat is applied to the portion of the rail to be fixed (28) crossing the heating zone (28) using the heating device (32) by supplying the gas burner or burners (42) such that no flame emerges from the openings (46) in the heating zone (28) and such that at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat applied to the portion of the rail (12) is transmitted by radiation from the radiating body or bodies (44); then the portion of the rail (12) is fixed after applying the heat on a sleeper (10) of the railway line situated behind the heating zone (28) in the laying direction (100).

Description

PROCEDE DE POSE D'UN RAIL DE VOIE FERREE  METHOD OF INSTALLING A RAILWAY RAIL
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L'INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de pose d'un rail de voie ferrée, comportant un chauffage du rail, et à un train de travaux pour la mise en œuvre d'un tel procédé de pose. The invention relates to a method of laying a railway track, comprising a rail heating, and a work train for the implementation of such a laying method.
ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURE STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
[0002] Les rails des voies ferroviaires sont soumis à d'importantes variations de température selon les saisons et les conditions météorologiques. Les rails tendent à s'allonger, à se dilater, sous l'effet d'une hausse de température, et, à l'inverse, à se contracter sous l'effet d'une chute de température.  The rails of the railways are subject to significant temperature variations according to the seasons and weather conditions. The rails tend to lengthen, to expand, under the effect of a rise in temperature, and, conversely, to contract under the effect of a drop in temperature.
[0003] De nos jours, les rails sont posés de façon continue et ne peuvent donc pas varier de longueur sous l'effet des variations de température. Les rails sont fixés sur la voie à une température moyenne dite « neutre », dont la valeur diffère selon les régions climatiques. Sous l'effet d'une température ambiante supérieure à la moyenne annuelle, les rails, ne pouvant se dilater, subissent une force de compression tendant à pousser la voie hors de son chemin. À l'inverse, sous l'effet d'une température ambiante inférieure à la moyenne annuelle, les rails, ne pouvant se contracter, subissent une force de traction tendant à tirer la voie hors de son chemin. Today, the rails are placed continuously and therefore can not vary in length under the effect of temperature changes. The rails are fixed on the track at a so-called "neutral" average temperature, the value of which differs according to the climatic regions. Under the effect of an ambient temperature above the annual average, the rails, unable to expand, undergo a compressive force tending to push the track out of his way. Conversely, under the effect of an ambient temperature lower than the annual average, the rails, being unable to contract, undergo a pulling force tending to pull the way out of his way.
[0004] Lorsque l'on ne maîtrise pas la température du rail lors de la pose, il est nécessaire de procéder à des opérations dites de « neutralisation » mécanique après la pose, et de limiter la vitesse de circulation tant que ces opérations ne sont pas finalisées. La neutralisation mécanique consiste à couper une tranche du rail dont l'épaisseur est fonction d'une différence constatée entre la température au moment de l'intervention et la température « neutre » du lieu, à déboulonner le rail et à le tendre pour combler l'espace laissé par la tranche découpée, avant de reboulonner et le cas échéant de ressouder le rail. Tant que cette opération de neutralisation n'est pas intervenue, la vitesse de circulation sur la voie doit être limitée, le plus souvent à 50 km/h. On comprend qu'une telle organisation des travaux provoque des perturbations importantes du trafic, tant durant l'intervention de neutralisation que durant la phase précédente, entre la pose du rail et la neutralisation. When one does not control the temperature of the rail during installation, it is necessary to carry out so-called mechanical "neutralization" operations after installation, and to limit the speed of circulation as long as these operations are not carried out. not finalized. Mechanical neutralization consists of cutting a slice of the rail whose thickness is a function of a difference between the temperature at the time of the intervention and the "neutral" temperature of the place, to unbolt the rail and to stretch it to fill the gap. space left by the cut edge, before rebounding and if necessary to reweld the rail. As long as this neutralization operation has not taken place, the speed of traffic on the track must be limited, most often at 50 km / h. It is understandable that such organization of work causes disturbances traffic, both during the neutralization intervention and during the previous phase, between the laying of the rail and the neutralization.
[0005] Une fixation directe des rails chauffés en continu à une valeur proche ou égale à la température « neutre » permet d'atteindre les meilleurs résultats en termes de minimisation des perturbations de trafic. Direct attachment of the continuously heated rails to a value close to or equal to the "neutral" temperature achieves the best results in terms of minimizing traffic disturbances.
[0006] Une solution de chauffe continue des rails exploitée à ce jour fait appel à la technologie de l'induction. Cette méthode permet d'obtenir des chauffes suffisamment précises pour garantir la pose des rails dans la tolérance exigée de la température « neutre ». On peut alors parler de neutralisation thermique directe fine. Mais le matériel nécessaire à l'intervention est relativement complexe, puisqu'il nécessite un générateur de puissance, ainsi qu'un refroidissement des circuits de puissance, du générateur et des inducteurs. [0006] A continuous heating solution of the rails exploited to date uses the technology of induction. This method makes it possible to obtain sufficiently precise heaters to guarantee the installation of the rails in the required tolerance of the "neutral" temperature. We can then speak of fine direct thermal neutralization. But the equipment needed for the intervention is relatively complex, since it requires a power generator, as well as a cooling of the power circuits, the generator and the inductors.
[0007] Pour les chantiers nécessitant une stabilisation ultérieure du ballast, il a été proposé une procédure de « pré-neutralisation » thermique, qui consiste à amener le rail, avant sa fixation aux traverses, à une température suffisamment proche de la température « neutre » du lieu, sans pour autant garantir l'atteinte de la température « neutre ». L'intérêt d'une telle « pré-neutralisation » est de permettre immédiatement une circulation à une vitesse de l'ordre de 80 km/h au lieu de 50 km/h, en attendant les opérations de neutralisation finale mécanique décrites précédemment. Une méthode pour effectuer cette pré-neutralisation thermique consiste à arroser les rails avec de l'eau chaude, solution présentant néanmoins des inconvénients d'exploitation, notamment en termes de rendement et d'acheminement et d'évacuation de l'eau, qui réduisent son intérêt. For the sites requiring a subsequent stabilization of the ballast, it has been proposed a thermal "pre-neutralization" procedure, which consists in bringing the rail, before its attachment to the sleepers, at a temperature sufficiently close to the "neutral" temperature Of the place, without guaranteeing the attainment of the "neutral" temperature. The advantage of such a "pre-neutralization" is to immediately allow traffic at a speed of the order of 80 km / h instead of 50 km / h, pending final mechanical neutralization operations described above. One method for effecting this thermal pre-neutralization is to irrigate the rails with hot water, a solution that nevertheless has operating disadvantages, particularly in terms of efficiency and the routing and evacuation of water, which reduce his interest.
[0008] Par ailleurs, il a été proposé dans le document US6308635 de procéder à un chauffage du rail déjà posé au sol à l'aide d'un module de chauffage à gaz comportant un générateur d'air chaud pour chauffer le rail par convection. Ce chauffage convectif peut être supplémenté par un chauffage radiant obtenu par des panneaux radiants placés entre les brûleurs et la portion du rail chauffée, les panneaux radiants étant perforés de manière à permettre aux flammes de les traverser pour pénétrer dans la chambre de chauffage où se trouve la portion de rail à chauffer. Mais un tel mode de chauffage, essentiellement convectif et accessoirement radiant, est délicat à maîtriser, notamment parce qu'il dépend des courants d'air. Furthermore, it has been proposed in US6308635 to proceed to a heating of the rail already laid on the ground with a gas heating module comprising a hot air generator for heating the rail by convection . This convective heating can be supplemented by a radiant heating obtained by radiant panels placed between the burners and the portion of the heated rail, the radiant panels being perforated so as to allow the flames to pass through to enter the heating chamber where it is located. the rail portion to be heated. But such a mode of heating, mainly convective and incidentally radiant, is difficult to control, especially because it depends on drafts.
EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTION STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
[0009] L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique et à proposer un mode de chauffage qui soit performant en termes de rendement, de fiabilité, et de qualité d'exploitation.  The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art and to propose a heating mode that is efficient in terms of efficiency, reliability, and operating quality.
[0010] Pour ce faire est proposé, selon un premier aspect de l'invention, un procédé de pose d'un rail d'une voie ferrée à l'aide d'un train de travaux comportant au moins un dispositif de chauffage comportant au moins une zone de chauffage, un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz, et un ou plusieurs corps radiants interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz et la zone de chauffage, le ou les corps radiants étant perforés par des orifices débouchant dans la zone de chauffage, procédé suivant lequel : on déplace le train de travaux dans une direction de pose, de manière qu'à chaque instant une portion du rail traverse la zone de chauffage ; - on apporte de la chaleur à la portion du rail traversant la zone de chauffage à l'aide du dispositif de chauffage, en alimentant le ou les brûleurs à gaz de sorte qu'aucune flamme n'émerge des orifices dans la zone de chauffage et qu'au moins 75%, et de préférence au moins 80%, et de préférence au moins 85% de la chaleur apportée à la portion du rail soit transmise par radiation du ou des corps radiants ; on fixe la portion du rail après apport de la chaleur sur une traverse de la voie ferrée située derrière la zone de chauffage dans la direction de pose. To do this, it is proposed, according to a first aspect of the invention, a method of laying a rail of a railway track using a work train comprising at least one heating device comprising at least one at least one heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the gas burner (s) and the heating zone, the radiant body (s) being perforated by openings opening into the heating zone, process according to which: the work train is moved in a laying direction, so that at every moment a portion of the rail passes through the heating zone; heat is supplied to the portion of the rail passing through the heating zone by means of the heating device, by feeding the gas burner (s) so that no flame emerges from the openings in the heating zone and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s); the portion of the rail is fixed after heat has been supplied to a cross-piece of the track located behind the heating zone in the direction of laying.
[0011] Le rayonnement, essentiellement dans le spectre infrarouge, assure un excellent rendement de chauffage, avec une faible déperdition. Le rayonnement n'est pas influencé par le vent ou d'autres paramètres climatiques. [0012] Les perforations sont utiles pour optimiser le chauffage des corps radiants, mais ne doivent pas conduire à une prédominance de la convection dans le transfert thermique à la portion de rail. The radiation, essentially in the infrared spectrum, provides excellent heating efficiency, with low loss. The radiation is not influenced by wind or other climatic parameters. The perforations are useful for optimizing the heating of radiant bodies, but should not lead to a predominance of convection in the heat transfer to the rail portion.
[0013] Naturellement, la puissance de chauffe devra être modulée en fonction des conditions extérieures pour obtenir une température de consigne souhaitée pour le rail. Naturally, the heating power must be modulated according to the external conditions to obtain a desired setpoint temperature for the rail.
[0014] Suivant un mode de réalisation, l'on module, en fonction d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de commande, un ou plusieurs paramètres de combustion parmi les paramètres suivants d'alimentation d'un ou plusieurs brûleurs modulés parmi le ou les brûleurs à gaz : débit de combustible, débit de comburant, débit d'un mélange combustible comburant. According to one embodiment, one or more combustion parameters are modulated, according to one or more control parameters, among the following parameters of supply of one or more modulated burners among the burner or burners. gas: fuel flow rate, oxidizer flow, flow rate of an oxidant fuel mixture.
[0015] Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, le ou les brûleurs à gaz comportent au moins deux brûleurs, de préférence au moins quatre brûleurs, et l'on module le nombre de brûleurs activés en fonction d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de commande. On pourra notamment prévoir que le ou les brûleurs à gaz comportent au moins une paire de brûleurs à gaz adjacents situés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction de pose et/ou que le ou les brûleurs comportent au moins une paire de brûleurs opposés, situés de part et d'autre d'un plan médian de la zone de chauffage parallèle à la direction de pose. [0016] De préférence, le ou les paramètres de commande incluent un ou plusieurs des paramètres mesurés ou estimés suivants : une température de la portion du rail avant le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail après le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail durant le chauffage, une température ambiante extérieure, une vitesse de déplacement du train de travaux, une vitesse de déplacement du rail par rapport au dispositif de chauffage, une durée de chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail avant chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail après chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail durant l'apport de la chaleur, une humidité ambiante, ou une vitesse de vent. On pourra notamment prévoir une ou plusieurs de modalités suivantes : on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail après l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre disposé au niveau d'une zone de sortie de la zone de chauffage ou derrière la zone de chauffage dans la direction de pose ; on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail avant l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre disposé au niveau d'une zone d'entrée de la zone de chauffage ou devant la zone de chauffage dans la direction dé pose ; on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail durant l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre disposé à l'intérieur de la zone de chauffage. According to another embodiment, the gas burner or burners comprise at least two burners, preferably at least four burners, and the number of activated burners is modulated according to one or more control parameters. In particular, the gas burner (s) may comprise at least one pair of adjacent gas burners located one behind the other in the laying direction and / or the burner or burners comprise at least one pair of opposed burners. , located on either side of a median plane of the heating zone parallel to the laying direction. Preferably, the control parameter (s) include one or more of the following measured or estimated parameters: a temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail during heating, an external ambient temperature, a traveling speed of the work train, a speed of movement of the rail with respect to the heating device, a heating time, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail during the supply of heat, humidity ambient, or a wind speed. In particular, one or more of the following modalities can be provided: at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured after the heat input by means of a pyrometer disposed at an exit zone of the heating zone. or behind the heating zone in the laying direction; at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured before the heat input by means of a pyrometer arranged at an inlet zone of the heating zone or in front of the heating zone in the direction of the heating zone. pose; at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured during heat input using a pyrometer disposed within the heating zone.
[0017] Suivant un mode particulièrement avantageux, la portion du rail située dans la zone de chauffage est soulevée par rapport à la voie, et en ce que l'on positionne la portion du rail après apport de la chaleur sur la traverse avant de fixer la portion du rail sur la traverse. Le soulèvement de la portion du rail dans la zone de chauffage permet de mieux entourer le rail en le chauffant non seulement par le dessus, mais également par les côtés, et le cas échéant par le dessous, soit par rayonnement direct du ou des corps radiants, soit par rayonnement indirect, en provenance des corps radiants, mais réfléchi par une paroi de la zone de chauffage, pour uniformiser l'apport de chaleur sur le pourtour de la portion du rail et minimiser les pertes. Le fait que la zone de chauffage soit éloignée de la voie, et notamment des traverses, permet de mettre en œuvre le cas échéant une puissance de chauffage élevée, sans risque pour la voie. According to a particularly advantageous mode, the portion of the rail located in the heating zone is raised relative to the track, and in that the portion of the rail is positioned after heat has been applied to the cross member before fixing the portion of the rail on the transom. The lifting of the portion of the rail in the heating zone makes it possible to better surround the rail by heating it not only from above, but also from the sides, and if necessary from below, either by direct radiation from the radiant body (s). or by indirect radiation, from the radiant bodies, but reflected by a wall of the heating zone, to standardize the heat input on the periphery of the rail portion and minimize losses. The fact that the heating zone is far from the track, including sleepers, allows to implement if necessary a high heating power, without risk to the track.
[0018] Suivant un mode de réalisation alternatif, la portion du rail située dans la zone de chauffage est posée sur la voie. On doit alors veiller à ce que l'apport de chaleur soit dirigé essentiellement vers le rail, pour minimiser l'apport de chaleur aux autres éléments de la voie. [0019] Pour obtenir un positionnement reproductible de la portion du rail à fixer transitant par la zone de chauffage, on pourra notamment prévoir une ou plusieurs des modalités suivantes : on guide la portion du rail par rapport à un bâti du train de travaux de manière que la portion du rail traverse la zone de chauffage lors du déplacement du train de travaux. on guide le dispositif de chauffage par rapport à un bâti du train de travaux de manière à ce que la portion du rail traverse la zone de chauffage lors du déplacement du train de travaux. on guide le dispositif de chauffage par rapport à la portion du rail, de préférence en faisant rouler le dispositif de chauffage sur la portion du rail, de manière à ce que la portion du rail traverse la zone de chauffage lors du déplacement du train de travaux. According to an alternative embodiment, the portion of the rail located in the heating zone is placed on the track. It must then be ensured that the heat input is directed essentially towards the rail, to minimize the supply of heat to the other elements of the track. To obtain a reproducible positioning of the portion of the rail to be fixed passing through the heating zone, it may in particular provide one or more of the following modalities: it guides the portion of the rail relative to a frame of the work train so the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the movement of the work train. the heating device is guided relative to a frame of the work train so that the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the movement of the work train. the heating device is guided relative to the portion of the rail, preferably by rolling the heating device over the portion of the rail, so that the portion of the rail passes through the heating zone during the displacement of the work train .
[0020] Suivant un mode de réalisation, le déplacement du train de travaux dans la direction de pose est effectué sans arrêt. According to one embodiment, the movement of the work train in the direction of installation is performed without stopping.
[0021] Le procédé de pose selon l'invention peut être mis en œuvre notamment pour une première pose d'une voie nouvelle, ou pour un renouvellement ou une rénovation. En particulier, et suivant un aspect préféré de l'invention, celle-ci a trait à un procédé de renouvellement ou de rénovation d'une voie ferrée, comprenant, notamment, une dépose d'un ancien rail, et une pose d'un rail nouveau ou rénové, la pose étant effectuée selon le procédé de pose précédemment décrit. The laying method according to the invention may be implemented in particular for a first laying of a new way, or for a renewal or renovation. In particular, and according to a preferred aspect of the invention, it relates to a method of renewing or renovating a railway, including, in particular, a removal of an old rail, and a laying of a rail new or renovated, the pose being performed according to the laying method described above.
[0022] Suivant un autre aspect de l'invention, celle-ci a trait à un train de travaux de rails pour la mise en œuvre du procédé tel que décrit précédemment. According to another aspect of the invention, it relates to a rail work train for implementing the method as described above.
[0023] En particulier, l'invention a trait à un train de travaux comportant au moins un dispositif de chauffage comportant au moins une zone de chauffage, un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz, et un ou plusieurs corps radiants interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz et la zone de chauffage, le ou les corps radiants étant perforés par des orifices débouchant dans la zone de chauffage, le train de travaux comportant : des moyens de traction pour déplacer le train de travaux dans une direction de pose, de manière qu'à chaque instant une portion du rail, non fixée à une traverse, traverse la zone de chauffage ; des moyens d'alimentation du ou des brûleurs à gaz de telle sorte qu'aucune flamme n'émerge des orifices dans la zone de chauffage et qu'au moins 75%, et de préférence au moins 80%, et de préférence au moins 85% de la chaleur apportée à la portion du rail soit transmise par radiation du ou des corps radiants. In particular, the invention relates to a work train comprising at least one heating device comprising at least one heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the burner or burners. with gas and the heating zone, the radiant body (s) being perforated by openings opening into the heating zone, the work train comprising: traction means for moving the work train in a direction of installation, so that at every moment a portion of the rail, not fixed to a cross-member, passes through the heating zone; means for feeding the gas burner (s) so that no flame emerges from the openings in the heating zone and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% % of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s).
[0024] De préférence, le train de travaux comporte des moyens pour soulever la portion du rail située dans la zone de chauffage par rapport à la voie, et des moyens pour positionner la portion du rail après apport de la chaleur sur la traverse avant de fixer la portion du rail sur la traverse. Comme on l'a précédemment exprimé, le soulèvement de la portion du rail dans la zone de chauffage permet de mieux entourer le rail en le chauffant non seulement par le dessus, mais également par les côtés, et le cas échéant par le dessous, soit par rayonnement direct du ou des corps radiants, soit par rayonnement indirect, en provenance des corps radiants, mais réfléchi par une paroi de la zone de chauffage, pour uniformiser l'apport de chaleur sur le pourtour de la portion du rail et minimiser les pertes. Le fait que la zone de chauffage soit éloignée de la voie, et notamment des traverses, permet de mettre en œuvre le cas échéant une puissance de chauffage élevée, sans risque pour la voie. Preferably, the work train comprises means for lifting the portion of the rail located in the heating zone with respect to the track, and means for positioning the portion of the rail after heat supply on the front cross member. fix the portion of the rail on the crossbar. As previously expressed, the lifting of the portion of the rail in the heating zone makes it possible to better surround the rail by heating it not only from above but also from the sides, and if necessary from below, either by direct radiation from the radiant body (s), or by indirect radiation, from the radiant bodies, but reflected by a wall of the heating zone, to standardize the heat input on the periphery of the portion of the rail and to minimize the losses . The fact that the heating zone is far from the track, including sleepers, allows to implement if necessary a high heating power, without risk to the track.
[0025] Suivant un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de chauffage comporte un ou plusieurs modules de chauffage, chaque module de chauffage comportant une zone de chauffage, un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz, et un ou plusieurs corps radiants interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz du module de chauffage et la zone de chauffage du module de chauffage. De préférence, le ou les modules de chauffage comportent au moins un module de chauffage guidé qui est pourvu de moyens de guidage pour assurer le guidage de la portion du rail dans la zone de chauffage du module chauffage guidé, les moyens de guidage comportant de préférence des galets roulant sur la portion du rail, les galets supportant de préférence le module de chauffage guidé. BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES According to one embodiment, the heating device comprises one or more heating modules, each heating module comprising a heating zone, one or more gas burners, and one or more radiant bodies interposed between the burner or burners. of the heating module and the heating zone of the heating module. Preferably, the heating module or modules comprise at least one guided heating module which is provided with guide means for guiding the portion of the rail in the heating zone of the guided heating module, the guide means preferably comprising rollers rolling on the portion of the rail, the rollers preferably supporting the guided heating module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0026] D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description qui suit, en référence aux figures annexées, qui illustrent : la figure 1, une vue schématique d'un chantier de pose d'un rail de voie de chemin de fer, selon le procédé de l'invention ; la figure 2, une vue schématique de détail du chantier de la figure 1, illustrant la chauffe d'un rail à fixer suivant le procédé de l'invention ; la figure 3, une vue schématique du dessus d'un module de chauffage d'un dispositif de chauffage mettant en œuvre le procédé de l'invention ; la figure 4, une vue schématique de face du module de chauffage de la figure 3 ; la figure 5, une vue schématique d'une commande du module de chauffage des figures 3 et 4 ; la figure 6, une vue schématique de face d'un module de chauffage selon une première variante de réalisation ; la figure 7, une vue schématique de face d'un module de chauffage selon une deuxième variante de réalisation. la figure 8, une vue schématique de face d'un module de chauffage selon une troisième variante de réalisation.  Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, which illustrate: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a laying site of a rail of railroad track, according to the method of the invention; Figure 2 is a schematic detail of the site of Figure 1, illustrating the heating of a rail to be fixed according to the method of the invention; Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a heating module of a heating device implementing the method of the invention; Figure 4 is a schematic front view of the heating module of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a schematic view of a control of the heating module of Figures 3 and 4; Figure 6 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a first embodiment; Figure 7 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a second embodiment. Figure 8 is a schematic front view of a heating module according to a third embodiment.
[0027] Pour plus de clarté, les éléments identiques ou similaires sont repérés par des signes de référence identiques sur l'ensemble des figures. For clarity, identical or similar elements are identified by identical reference signs throughout the figures.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DE MODES DE RÉALISATION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0028] Sur la figure 1 est illustrée une vue globale d'un chantier de renouvellement d'une voie de chemin de fer 2 dans lequel on procède, au moyen d'un train de travaux 4 (représenté partiellement), à la dépose des anciens rails 6 (secteur avant) et des anciennes traverses 8 et à leur remplacement par de nouvelles traverses 10 et nouveaux rails 12, le tout en continu au fur et à mesure de l'avancée du train dans la direction de pose 100. Le train de travaux 4 comporte des wagons 16 reposant sur des bogies 18, 20 roulant sur les anciens rails 6 en partie avant du train de travaux 4 et sur les nouveaux rails 12 en partie arrière du train de travaux 4. Une partie médiane du train de travaux 4 repose quant à elle sur des chenilles 22 qui, en l'absence de rails sur la voie 2 dans cette partie du chantier, roulent directement sur les anciennes traverses 8 avant leur dépose. FIG. 1 illustrates an overall view of a site for the renewal of a railway track 2 in which, by means of a work train 4 (shown partially), the removal of old rails 6 (front sector) and old sleepers 8 and their replacement by new crosspieces 10 and new rails 12, all continuously as the train advanced in the Laying direction 100. Work train 4 comprises wagons 16 resting on bogies 18, 20 rolling on the old rails 6 at the front of the work train 4 and on the new rails 12 at the rear of the work train 4. A median portion of the work train 4 is based on caterpillars 22 which, in the absence of rails on the track 2 in this part of the site, roll directly on the old sleepers 8 before removal.
[0029] Sur un tronçon avant du chantier, des outils permettent de désolidariser les anciens rails 6 des traverses 8. Au fur et à mesure de leur démontage, les anciens rails 6 sont soulevés et reposés sur le ballast 24 sur les côtés de la voie. Sur le tronçon suivant du chantier, les anciennes traverses 8 sont à nu, ce qui permet de procéder à leur dépose à l'aide d'un groupe d'outils de dépose et leur remplacement par les nouvelles traverses 10 à l'aide d'un groupe d'outils de pose. Les nouveaux rails 12, qui, avant le passage du train de travaux 4, ont été disposés au sol de part et d'autre de la voie 2, sont soulevés et positionnés en respectant la géométrie souhaitée de la voie 2, avant d'être posés sur les nouvelles traverses 10. La fixation finale des nouveaux rails 12 est effectuée au moyen d'attaches après le passage du train de travaux 4. On a front end of the site, tools can separate the old rails 6 sleepers 8. As and when dismounting, the old rails 6 are raised and rested on the ballast 24 on the sides of the way . On the next section of the site, the old ties 8 are exposed, which allows to proceed with their removal using a group of removal tools and their replacement by the new cross members 10 with the aid of a group of laying tools. The new rails 12, which, before the passage of the work train 4, were placed on the ground on either side of the track 2, are raised and positioned respecting the desired geometry of the track 2, before being placed on the new sleepers 10. The final fixing of the new rails 12 is effected by means of fasteners after the passage of the work train 4.
[0030] Afin d'éviter ou de limiter les risques d'interruptions ou de rupture de la voie susceptibles d'être provoquées par les variations dimensionnelles des rails 12 sous l'effet de conditions climatiques ou météorologiques plus sévères, il est prévu de procéder à la fixation définitive des rails nouveaux ou rénovés 12 sur les traverses en portant ces profilés métalliques à une température moyenne du lieu de pose, dite de « pré-libération » ou de « libération ». To avoid or limit the risk of interruptions or breakage of the path may be caused by dimensional variations of the rails 12 under the effect of weather or weather conditions more severe, it is planned to proceed the final fixing of the new or renovated rails 12 on the sleepers by wearing these metal profiles at an average temperature of the place of installation, called "pre-release" or "release".
[0031] Dans ce but, le tronçon de rail nouveau ou rénové à poser 12 est porté à une température de consigne dans une zone de conditionnement 28 située en avant et à proximité de sa zone de fixation 30 sur une ou plusieurs traverses 10. Lorsque l'intervention sur le chantier a lieu à un moment où la température ambiante est inférieure à la température consignée dite de « pré-libération » ou de « libération », ce réglage comporte un chauffage du rail, la zone de conditionnement 28 étant alors une zone de chauffage. [0032] À cet effet, il est proposé, selon l'invention, d'utiliser un dispositif de chauffage 32 illustré schématiquement sur les figures 2 à 4, fonctionnant essentiellement par rayonnement thermique. Le dispositif de chauffage 32 comporte au moins un module de chauffage 34 comportant au moins une, de préférence au moins deux, et de manière particulièrement préférentielle, comme illustré sur la figure 3, au moins quatre unités de chauffage 36, délimitant une zone de chauffage longiligne 28 située à distance de la voie et orientée suivant la direction de pose 100 du train de travaux 4 et ouverte à une extrémité avant 38 et à une extrémité arrière 40. Les quatre unités de chauffage 36 sont disposées latéralement de part et d'autre de la zone de chauffage, deux plus proches de l'entrée et les deux autres plus proches de la sortie. For this purpose, the new or refurbished rail section to be laid 12 is brought to a set temperature in a conditioning zone 28 located in front and near its attachment zone 30 on one or more crosspieces 10. When the on-site intervention takes place at a time when the ambient temperature is below the so-called "pre-release" or "release" temperature, this adjustment comprises a heating of the rail, the conditioning zone 28 then being a heating zone. For this purpose, it is proposed, according to the invention, to use a heating device 32 illustrated schematically in Figures 2 to 4, operating essentially by thermal radiation. The heating device 32 comprises at least one heating module 34 comprising at least one, preferably at least two, and particularly preferably, as illustrated in FIG. 3, at least four heating units 36, delimiting a heating zone. slender 28 located at a distance from the track and oriented in the laying direction 100 of the work train 4 and open at a front end 38 and at a rear end 40. The four heating units 36 are arranged laterally on either side from the heating zone, two closer to the entrance and the other two closer to the exit.
[0033] Chaque unité de chauffage 36 comporte une unité d'un ou plusieurs brûleurs 42 et un corps radiant 44, interposé entre le ou les brûleurs 42 et la zone de chauffage 28. Le corps radiant 44 est de préférence perforé par des orifices 46 débouchant dans la zone de chauffage 28, et qui peuvent être disposés soit en regard des brûleurs 42, soit en décalage par rapport à ces derniers. Each heating unit 36 comprises a unit of one or more burners 42 and a radiant body 44, interposed between the burner or burners 42 and the heating zone 28. The radiant body 44 is preferably perforated by orifices 46. opening in the heating zone 28, and which may be arranged either facing the burners 42, or offset relative to the latter.
[0034] Des moyens de guidage 48 sont prévus à l'entrée 38 et à la sortie 40 de la zone de chauffage 28 du dispositif de chauffage pour assurer le guidage du rail 12 dans la zone de chauffage 28. Dans ce mode de réalisation préféré, la portion du rail 12 traversant la zone de chauffage 28 est soulevée, c'est-à-dire située verticalement à distance au-dessus de sa position finale à la fin du processus de pose. Le dispositif de chauffage peut lui-même être pourvu d'un ou plusieurs actionneurs 50 ou d'un mécanisme de positionnement passif pour assurer son bon positionnement par rapport au rail 12, et compenser les variations de positionnement du train de travaux 4 par rapport à la trajectoire souhaitée de la voie. De préférence, les moyens de guidage 48 incluent des galets roulant sur le rail 12 et supportant le cas échéant l'unité de chauffage 36. Guiding means 48 are provided at the inlet 38 and the outlet 40 of the heating zone 28 of the heating device for guiding the rail 12 in the heating zone 28. In this preferred embodiment , the portion of the rail 12 passing through the heating zone 28 is raised, that is to say located vertically at a distance above its final position at the end of the laying process. The heater may itself be provided with one or more actuators 50 or a passive positioning mechanism to ensure its proper positioning relative to the rail 12, and compensate for the positioning variations of the work train 4 with respect to the desired path of the track. Preferably, the guiding means 48 include rollers rolling on the rail 12 and possibly supporting the heating unit 36.
[0035] Des pyromètres 52 sont positionnés à l'entrée 38 de la zone de chauffage 28, à l'intérieur de la zone de chauffage 28 et à la sortie 40 de la zone de chauffage 28, et le cas échéant directement à proximité de la zone de fixation 30. Ces pyromètres 52 sont reliés à une unité de commande 54 illustrée sur la figure 5, qui reçoit des signaux d'autres capteurs 56 tels que, par exemple : un capteur de vitesse du train de travaux 4, un capteur de vitesse du rail à fixer, un capteur de température ambiante, un capteur de pression atmosphérique, et/ou un capteur d'humidité ambiante. L'unité de commande 54 est ainsi apte à mesurer, estimer ou calculer un ou plusieurs des paramètres suivants : une température de la portion du rail à fixer avant le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail à fixer après le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail à fixer durant le chauffage, une température ambiante extérieure, une vitesse de déplacement du train de travaux 4, une vitesse de déplacement du rail par rapport au dispositif de chauffage, une quantité de chaleur transmise à la portion du rail par le dispositif de chauffage. [0036] Par ailleurs, l'unité de commande 54 contient en mémoire une température de consigne qui peut avoir été saisie ou programmée, et est représentative de la température de « pré-libération » ou de « libération » recherchée dans la zone de fixation 30, ce qui permet le cas échéant une détermination d'un écart entre la température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail à fixer avant chauffage, d'un écart entre la température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail à fixer après chauffage, ou d'un écart entre la température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail à fixer durant le chauffage. Pyrometers 52 are positioned at the inlet 38 of the heating zone 28, inside the heating zone 28 and at the outlet 40 of the heating zone 28, and where appropriate directly near the the fixing zone 30. These pyrometers 52 are connected to a control unit 54 illustrated in FIG. 5, which receives signals from other sensors 56 such as, for example: a speed sensor of the work train 4, a rail speed sensor to be fixed, an ambient temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and / or an ambient humidity sensor. The control unit 54 is thus able to measure, estimate or calculate one or more of the following parameters: a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed before heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed after heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed during the heating, an external ambient temperature, a traveling speed of the work train 4, a speed of displacement of the rail relative to the heating device, a quantity of heat transmitted to the portion of the rail by the heating device. Furthermore, the control unit 54 contains in memory a set temperature which may have been entered or programmed, and is representative of the temperature of "pre-release" or "release" sought in the area of attachment 30, which makes it possible, if necessary, to determine a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed before heating, of a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed after heating, or a difference between the set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail to be fixed during heating.
[0037] Enfin, l'unité de commande 54 est reliée à des électrovannes proportionnelles 58 pour moduler le débit de comburant et/ou de carburant pour l'alimentation des brûleurs, ainsi qu'à des allumeurs pour commander l'allumage des brûleurs et à des électrovannes proportionnelles 60, 62 pour contrôler l'alimentation générale en gaz combustible en provenance d'un réservoir de gaz 64 et en gaz comburant en provenance d'un compresseur 66. Finally, the control unit 54 is connected to proportional solenoid valves 58 to modulate the flow of oxidizer and / or fuel for the burner supply, and to igniters to control the ignition of the burners and proportional solenoid valves 60, 62 for controlling the general supply of fuel gas from a gas tank 64 and combustion gas from a compressor 66.
[0038] Il est ainsi possible de moduler chaque unité de chauffage de façon relativement continue en puissance de chauffe, sur une plage autour d'une valeur nominale, par exemple entre 50% et 150% de la valeur nominale, en faisant varier le débit du comburant et/ou du carburant au niveau des électrovannes 58, 60, 62. En dehors de cette plage de modulation, de plus grandes variations peuvent être obtenues en procédant à l'extinction complète de certaines unités de chauffage 36, ou à leur allumage. [0039] Lorsque le train de travaux 4 avance dans une direction de pose 100, le rail à fixer 12 se déplace, par rapport au dispositif de chauffage 28, dans la direction opposée, et est guidé de sorte qu'à chaque instant une portion soulevée du rail à fixer 12 traverse la zone de chauffage 28. Le cas échéant, le positionnement du dispositif de chauffage est ajusté grâce aux actionneurs 50 ou au mécanisme de positionnement. On fait en sorte que les corps radiants 44 soient proches de la portion du rail à fixer 12, de préférence à une distance inférieure à 20cm, de préférence inférieure à 10cm. It is thus possible to modulate each heating unit in a relatively continuous heating power, over a range around a nominal value, for example between 50% and 150% of the nominal value, by varying the flow rate. of the oxidant and / or the fuel at the solenoid valves 58, 60, 62. Outside this modulation range, greater variations can be obtained by completely extinguishing certain heating units 36, or switching them on. . When the work train 4 advances in a laying direction 100, the rail to be fixed 12 moves, with respect to the heating device 28, in the opposite direction, and is guided so that at each moment a portion raised from the rail to be fixed 12 passes through the heating zone 28. Where appropriate, the positioning of the heating device is adjusted thanks to the actuators 50 or to the positioning mechanism. It is arranged that the radiant bodies 44 are close to the portion of the rail to be fixed 12, preferably at a distance of less than 20 cm, preferably less than 10 cm.
[0040] On fait ainsi en sorte qu'à chaque instant, et en fonction de l'avancement du train de travaux 4, une portion du rail à fixer 12 traverse la zone de chauffage 28, où elle est chauffée par le dispositif de chauffage 32 avant de ressortir de la zone de chauffage 28 et d'être acheminée vers la zone de fixation 30, où elle est posée sur une traverse 10 de la voie ferrée. It is thus ensured that at each instant, and as a function of the progress of the work train 4, a portion of the rail to be fixed 12 passes through the heating zone 28, where it is heated by the heating device 32 before emerging from the heating zone 28 and being conveyed to the fastening zone 30, where it is placed on a cross-piece 10 of the railway.
[0041] L'unité de commande 54 détermine par un algorithme de calcul, en fonction de tout ou partie des paramètres discutés précédemment, le nombre de brûleurs 42 et/ou le débit de comburant et/ou de carburant nécessaire au chauffage du rail à fixer 12. The control unit 54 determines, by a calculation algorithm, as a function of all or part of the parameters discussed above, the number of burners 42 and / or the flow rate of oxidizer and / or fuel required for heating the rail. fix 12.
[0042] De manière remarquable, le ou les brûleurs à gaz 42 sont alimentés de sorte qu'au moins 75%, et de préférence au moins 80%, et de préférence au moins 85% de la chaleur soient transmis au rail par radiation du ou des corps radiants 44 et qu'aucune flamme n'émerge des orifices 46 dans la zone de chauffage 28. Les orifices 46 ont ainsi pour seule fonction de provoquer un échauffement rapide et uniforme des corps radiants 44. [0042] Remarkably, the gas burner (s) 42 are fed so that at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat is transmitted to the rail by means of radiation. or radiant bodies 44 and no flame emerges from the orifices 46 in the heating zone 28. The orifices 46 thus have the sole function of causing a rapid and uniform heating of the radiant bodies 44.
[0043] De préférence, le déplacement du train de travaux dans la direction de pose est effectué sans arrêt, à une vitesse en pratique supérieure à 30 mm/s, de préférence supérieure 100 mm/s. Preferably, the movement of the work train in the laying direction is performed without stopping, at a speed in practice greater than 30 mm / s, preferably greater than 100 mm / s.
[0044] Naturellement, les exemples représentés sur les figures et discutés ci- dessus ne sont donnés qu'à titre illustratif et non limitatif. Naturally, the examples shown in the figures and discussed above are given for illustrative and not limiting.
[0045] Le nombre d'unités de chauffage 36 et leur positionnement dans chaque module de chauffage 34 peuvent varier. Il est avantageux d'avoir au moins deux unités de chauffage 36 se faisant face de part et d'autre de la zone de chauffage 28 (comme illustré sur les figures 3 et 4) ou, de manière plus générale, rayonnant dans la zone de chauffage sous des angles différents. On peut notamment profiter du soulèvement de la portion du rail 12 traversant la zone de chauffage 28 pour orienter au moins une partie du rayonnement thermique de manière atteindre la face inférieure du rail. À cet égard, des dispositions avec trois unités de chauffage réparties à 120° (figure 6) ou quatre unités de chauffage réparties à 90° (figure 7) autour de la zone de chauffage sont parfaitement envisageables. On peut également prévoir, pour répartir la chaleur sur le pourtour du rail, des surfaces réfléchissantes 68 délimitant une partie de la zone de chauffage 28 (figure 8). Il est également avantageux d'avoir plusieurs unités de chauffage 36 disposées en enfilade dans le sens longitudinal d'avancement du véhicule, comme illustré sur la figure 3, voire plusieurs modules de chauffage 34 comme illustré sur la figure 2, pour permettre un chauffage progressif en plusieurs étapes. Les modules de chauffage 34 situés en enfilade peuvent être directement adjacents ou séparés par un tronçon isotherme d'isolation. Ils peuvent être également séparés par un tronçon à l'air libre. Le ou les modules de chauffage 34 peuvent être suspendus à une structure porteuse d'un des wagons de la portion médiane du train de travaux 4. Ils peuvent également être supportés de façon autonome par des roues ou des chenilles avançant sur la voie, le cas échéant reliés par des attelages à l'air libre. [0046] Le cas échéant, seulement certains des brûleurs à gaz 42 peuvent être équipés d'une électrovanne 58 de modulation. The number of heating units 36 and their positioning in each heating module 34 may vary. It is advantageous to have at least two units heating element 36 facing each other on either side of the heating zone 28 (as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4) or, more generally, radiating in the heating zone at different angles. In particular, it is possible to take advantage of the lifting of the portion of the rail 12 passing through the heating zone 28 to orient at least a portion of the thermal radiation so as to reach the underside of the rail. In this respect, arrangements with three heating units distributed at 120 ° (Figure 6) or four heating units distributed at 90 ° (Figure 7) around the heating zone are perfectly conceivable. It is also possible, to distribute the heat on the periphery of the rail, reflective surfaces 68 defining a portion of the heating zone 28 (Figure 8). It is also advantageous to have several heating units 36 arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of travel of the vehicle, as illustrated in FIG. 3, or even several heating modules 34 as illustrated in FIG. 2, to allow progressive heating. in several stages. The heating modules 34 located in a row can be directly adjacent or separated by an isothermal section of insulation. They can also be separated by a section in the open air. The heating module (s) 34 may be suspended from a supporting structure of one of the wagons of the middle portion of the work train 4. They may also be supported autonomously by wheels or tracks advancing on the track, the case connected by couplings in the open air. Where appropriate, only some of the gas burners 42 may be equipped with a solenoid valve 58 modulation.
[0047] On peut également envisager que les électrovannes 58 ne soient pas proportionnelles, mais fonctionnent en tout ou rien, pour éteindre ou allumer les unités de chauffage 36 en nombre correspondant aux besoins. Dans cette hypothèse, on peut envisager que les électrovannes 60, 62 d'alimentation générale en combustible et comburant soient proportionnelles, pour assurer une certaine continuité de variation, ou qu'elles soient elle-même en tout ou rien, auquel cas la modulation de la chaleur apportée s'effectue uniquement par paliers, en changeant le nombre d'unités de chauffage 36 alimentées. On pourra également envisager, sans électrovannes proportionnelles, un mode de fonctionnement puisé, dans lequel certains des brûleurs à gaz 42 sont allumés en intermittence. On pourra également envisager d'articuler les unités de chauffage 36 de manière à pouvoir les écarter rapidement de la zone de chauffage 28 lorsque l'on souhaite diminuer la quantité de chaleur transmise au rail à poser 12. It may also be envisaged that the solenoid valves 58 are not proportional, but operate in all or nothing, to turn off or turn on the heating units 36 in number corresponding to the needs. In this hypothesis, it can be envisaged that the solenoid valves 60, 62 of the general fuel and oxidant feed are proportional, to ensure a certain continuity of variation, or that they themselves are in all or nothing, in which case the modulation of the heat supplied is effected solely in steps, by changing the number of heating units 36 supplied. It is also possible to envisage, without proportional solenoid valves, a pulsed mode of operation, in which some of the gas burners 42 are lit intermittently. We can also consider articulating the heating units 36 so as to be able to quickly remove them from the heating zone 28 when it is desired to reduce the amount of heat transmitted to the rail to be laid 12.
[0048] En variante, les unités de chauffage utilisent l'air ambiant comme comburant, seul le débit de combustible étant modulé. Dans cette hypothèse, l'électrovanne 62 et le compresseur 66 sont omis. En pratique, le gaz combustible est un carburant de type propane ou GPL. Alternatively, the heating units use the ambient air as oxidant, only the fuel flow is modulated. In this case, the solenoid valve 62 and the compressor 66 are omitted. In practice, the fuel gas is a propane or LPG type fuel.
[0049] Suivant la finesse de la modulation constatée, qui dépendra du temps de réponse des unités de chauffage 36, on pourra mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l'invention soit pour une pré-neutralisation thermique, soit même pour une neutralisation thermique fine directe. Depending on the fineness of the modulation found, which will depend on the response time of the heating units 36, we can implement the method according to the invention either for a thermal pre-neutralization, or even for a direct fine thermal neutralization .
[0050] L'opération de chauffage du rail à fixer 12 peut avoir lieu alors que le rail à fixer 12 est déjà posé sur les traverses. The heating operation of the rail to be fixed 12 can take place while the rail to be fixed 12 is already placed on the sleepers.
[0051] Le mode de chauffage des rails qui a été décrit précédemment pour une rénovation de voie ferrée avec remplacement des rails, vaut également pour une rénovation de la voie avec replacement des rails anciens, ou pour une première pose. The rail heating mode that has been described above for a railroad renovation with replacement of the rails, also applies to a renovation of the track with replacement of the old rails, or for a first installation.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Procédé de pose d'un rail (12) d'une voie ferrée à l'aide d'un train de travaux (4) comportant au moins un dispositif de chauffage (32) comportant au moins une zone de chauffage (28), un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz (42), et un ou plusieurs corps radiants (44) interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) et la zone de chauffage (28), le ou les corps radiants (44) étant perforés par des orifices (46) débouchant dans la zone de chauffage (28), procédé suivant lequel : 1. Method for laying a track (12) of a railway track with a work train (4) comprising at least one heating device (32) comprising at least one heating zone (28), a or a plurality of gas burners (42), and one or more radiant bodies (44) interposed between the one or more gas burners (42) and the heating zone (28), the one or more radiant bodies (44) being perforated by orifices (46) opening into the heating zone (28), wherein:
on déplace le train de travaux (4) dans une direction de pose (100), de manière qu'à chaque instant une portion du rail (12), non fixée à une traverse (8, 10), traverse la zone de chauffage (28) ;  the work train (4) is moved in a laying direction (100), so that at each instant a portion of the rail (12), not fixed to a cross-member (8, 10), passes through the heating zone ( 28);
on apporte de la chaleur à la portion du rail (28) traversant la zone de chauffage (28) à l'aide du dispositif de chauffage (32) ;  heat is supplied to the portion of the rail (28) passing through the heating zone (28) by means of the heating device (32);
caractérisé en ce que on alimente le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) de sorte qu'aucune flamme n'émerge des orifices (46) dans la zone de chauffage (28) et qu'au moins 75%, et de préférence au moins 80%, et de préférence au moins 85% de la chaleur apportée à la portion du rail (12) soit transmise par radiation du ou des corps radiants (44).  characterized in that the one or more gas burners (42) are supplied so that no flame emerges from the orifices (46) in the heating zone (28) and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail (12) is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s) (44).
2. Procédé de pose selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on module, en fonction d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de commande, un ou plusieurs paramètres de combustion parmi les paramètres suivants d'alimentation d'un ou plusieurs brûleurs modulés parmi le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) : débit de combustible, débit de comburant, débit d'un mélange combustible comburant. 2. Method of laying according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more combustion parameters are modulated, as a function of one or more control parameters, among the following parameters for feeding one or more modulated burners. among the gas burner (s) (42): fuel flow rate, oxidizer flow rate, combustion fuel mixture flow rate.
3. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) comportent au moins deux brûleurs, de préférence au moins quatre brûleurs, et en ce que l'on module le nombre de brûleurs activés en fonction d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de commande. 3. Installation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas burner (s) (42) comprise at least two burners, preferably at least four burners, and in that the number is modulated. of burners activated according to one or more control parameters.
4. Procédé de pose selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) comportent au moins une paire de brûleurs à gaz adjacents situés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction de pose. 4. Installation method according to claim 3, characterized in that the gas burner (s) (42) comprise at least one pair of adjacent gas burners located one behind the other in the direction of laying.
5. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le ou les brûleurs comportent au moins une paire de brûleurs opposés, situés de part et d'autre d'un plan médian de la zone de chauffage parallèle (28) à la direction de pose. 5. Installation method according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the burner or burners comprise at least one pair of opposed burners located on either side of a median plane of the heating zone. parallel (28) to the laying direction.
6. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le ou les paramètres de commande incluent un ou plusieurs des paramètres mesurés ou estimés suivants : une température de la portion du rail avant le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail après le chauffage, une température de la portion du rail durant le chauffage, une température ambiante extérieure, une vitesse de déplacement du train de travaux, une vitesse de déplacement du rail par rapport au dispositif de chauffage, une durée de chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail avant chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail après chauffage, un écart entre une température de consigne et une température mesurée de la portion du rail durant l'apport de la chaleur, une humidité ambiante, ou une vitesse de vent. 6. Installation method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the control parameter or parameters include one or more of the following measured or estimated parameters: a temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a temperature of the portion of the rail during heating, an outside ambient temperature, a traveling speed of the work train, a speed of movement of the rail relative to the heater, a duration of heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail before heating, a difference between a set temperature and a measured temperature of the portion of the rail after heating, a difference between a set temperature and a temperature measured portion of the rail during heat input, ambient humidity, or wind speed.
7. Procédé de pose selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail après l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre (58) disposé au niveau d'une zone de sortie (40) de la zone de chauffage (28) ou derrière la zone de chauffage (28) dans la direction de pose (100). Layout method according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one temperature of the portion of the rail is measured after the heat input by means of a pyrometer (58) arranged at a outlet zone (40) of the heating zone (28) or behind the heating zone (28) in the laying direction (100).
8. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 7, caractérisé en ce que on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail (12) avant l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre (58) disposé au niveau d'une zone d'entrée (38) de la zone de chauffage (28) ou devant la zone de chauffage (28) dans la direction de pose (100). 8. Installation method according to any one of claims 6 to 7, characterized in that at least one temperature of the portion of the rail (12) is measured before the heat input using a pyrometer (58). ) arranged at the level of a zone inlet (38) of the heating zone (28) or in front of the heating zone (28) in the laying direction (100).
9. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on mesure au moins une température de la portion du rail (12) durant l'apport de chaleur à l'aide d'un pyromètre (58) disposé à l'intérieur de la zone de chauffage (28). 9. Installation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it measures at least a temperature of the portion of the rail (12) during the supply of heat using a pyrometer (58) disposed within the heating zone (28).
10. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la portion du rail située dans la zone de chauffage (28) est soulevée par rapport à la voie, et en ce que l'on positionne la portion du rail après apport de la chaleur sur la traverse avant de fixer la portion du rail sur la traverse. 10. Installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the portion of the rail located in the heating zone (28) is raised relative to the track, and in that one positions the portion of the rail after heat input on the crossbar before fixing the portion of the rail on the cross.
1 1 . Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on guide la portion du rail (12) par rapport à un bâti du train de travaux (4)de manière que la portion du rail traverse la zone de chauffage lors du déplacement du train de travaux. 1 1. Laying method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the portion of the rail (12) is guided relative to a frame of the work train (4) so that the portion of the rail passes through the heating when moving the work train.
1 2. Procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on guide le dispositif de chauffage (32) par rapport à un bâti du train de travaux (4) de manière à ce que la portion du rail (12) traverse la zone de chauffage (28) lors du déplacement du train de travaux (4). 2. Installation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device (32) is guided with respect to a frame of the work train (4) so that the portion of the rail (12) passes through the heating zone (28) during the movement of the work train (4).
13. Procédé de pose l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on guide le dispositif de chauffage (32) par rapport à la portion du rail (12), de préférence en faisant rouler le dispositif de chauffage (32) sur la portion du rail (12), de manière à ce que la portion du rail (12) traverse la zone de chauffage (28) lors du déplacement du train de travaux (4). 13. Installation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device (32) is guided relative to the portion of the rail (12), preferably by rolling the heating device (32). ) on the portion of the rail (12), so that the portion of the rail (12) through the heating zone (28) during the movement of the work train (4).
14. Procédé de pose l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on fixe la portion du rail (12) après apport de la chaleur sur une traverse (10) de la voie ferrée située derrière la zone de chauffage (28) dans la direction de pose (100). 14. Installation method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one fixes the portion of the rail (12) after heat input on a crossbar (10) of the railway track behind the heating zone (28) in the laying direction (100).
15. Train de travaux (4) pour la mise en œuvre du procédé de pose selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant au moins un dispositif de chauffage (32) comportant au moins une zone de chauffage (28), un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz (42), et un ou plusieurs corps radiants (44) interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) et la zone de chauffage (28), le ou les corps radiants (44) étant perforés par des orifices (46) débouchant dans la zone de chauffage (28), le train de travaux (4) comportant : 15. Work train (4) for carrying out the laying method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one heating device (32) comprising at least one heating zone (28), one or more gas burners (42), and one or more radiant bodies (44) interposed between the gas burner (s) (42) and the heating zone (28), the radiant body (s) (44) being perforated by orifices ( 46) opening into the heating zone (28), the work train (4) comprising:
des moyens de traction pour déplacer le train de travaux (4) dans une direction de pose (100), de manière qu'à chaque instant une portion du rail (12), non fixée à une traverse (8, 10), traverse la zone de chauffage (28) ;  traction means for moving the work train (4) in a laying direction (100), so that at each instant a portion of the rail (12), not fixed to a cross-member (8, 10), passes through the heating zone (28);
des moyens d'alimentation du ou des brûleurs à gaz (42) de telle sorte qu'aucune flamme n'émerge des orifices (46) dans la zone de chauffage (28) et qu'au moins 75%, et de préférence au moins 80%, et de préférence au moins 85% de la chaleur apportée à la portion du rail (12) soit transmise par radiation du ou des corps radiants (44).  means for supplying the gas burner (42) so that no flame emerges from the orifices (46) in the heating zone (28) and at least 75%, and preferably at least 80%, and preferably at least 85% of the heat supplied to the portion of the rail (12) is transmitted by radiation of the radiant body (s) (44).
16. Train de travaux (4) selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour soulever la portion du rail située dans la zone de chauffage (28) par rapport à la voie, et des moyens pour positionner la portion du rail après apport de la chaleur sur la traverse avant de fixer la portion du rail sur la traverse. 16. Work train (4) according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises means for lifting the portion of the rail located in the heating zone (28) relative to the track, and means for positioning the portion of the rail after heat supply on the crossbar before fixing the portion of the rail on the crossbar.
17. Train de travaux (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (32) comporte un ou plusieurs modules de chauffage (34), chaque module de chauffage comportant une zone de chauffage (28), un ou plusieurs brûleurs à gaz (42), et un ou plusieurs corps radiants (44) interposés entre le ou les brûleurs à gaz (42) du module de chauffage (34) et la zone de chauffage (28) du module de chauffage (34), Train de travaux (4) selon les revendications 16 et 17 prises en combinaison, caractérisé en ce que au moins un module de chauffage guidé (34) parmi le ou les modules de chauffage (34) est pourvu de moyens de guidage (48) pour assurer le guidage de la portion du rail (12) dans la zone de chauffage (28) du module chauffage guidé (34), les moyens de guidage (48) comportant de préférence des galets roulant sur la portion du rail (12), les galets supportant de préférence le module de chauffage guidé (34). 17. Work train (4) according to any one of claims 15 to 16, characterized in that the heating device (32) comprises one or more heating modules (34), each heating module having a heating zone (28), one or more gas burners (42), and one or more radiant bodies (44) interposed between the one or more gas burners (42) of the heating module (34) and the heating zone (28) of the heating module (34), Work train (4) according to claims 16 and 17 taken in combination, characterized in that at least one guided heating module (34) among the heating module or modules (34) is provided with guiding means (48) for guiding the portion of the rail (12) in the heating zone (28) of the guided heating module (34), the guide means (48) preferably comprising rollers rolling on the portion of the rail (12), the rollers preferably supporting the guided heating module (34).
EP18725842.1A 2017-05-22 2018-05-18 Method for laying a rail of a railway line Active EP3631089B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1754528A FR3066508B1 (en) 2017-05-22 2017-05-22 PROCEDURE FOR LAYING A RAILWAY RAIL, INCLUDING HEATING OF THE RAIL, AND WORK TRAIN FOR IMPLEMENTING THE LAYING PROCEDURE
PCT/EP2018/063168 WO2018215356A1 (en) 2017-05-22 2018-05-18 Method for laying a rail of a railway line

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EP3631089A1 true EP3631089A1 (en) 2020-04-08
EP3631089B1 EP3631089B1 (en) 2022-01-26

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EP (1) EP3631089B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102326516B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110651085B (en)
AU (1) AU2018272869A1 (en)
CA (1) CA3060848C (en)
FR (1) FR3066508B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2727659C1 (en)
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US20220312183A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Distributed and realtime smart data collection and processing in mobile networks

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CN110651085A (en) 2020-01-03
RU2727659C1 (en) 2020-07-22
CA3060848C (en) 2022-05-31
ZA201908273B (en) 2021-04-28
FR3066508B1 (en) 2021-02-12
AU2018272869A1 (en) 2019-12-12
US20200157746A1 (en) 2020-05-21
KR102326516B1 (en) 2021-11-16
KR20200009084A (en) 2020-01-29
CA3060848A1 (en) 2018-11-29
FR3066508A1 (en) 2018-11-23
EP3631089B1 (en) 2022-01-26
CN110651085B (en) 2022-08-12
WO2018215356A1 (en) 2018-11-29
US11384486B2 (en) 2022-07-12

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